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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current plans, expectations and beliefs involving risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and other factors set forth in other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Discussion of the year-to-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021 can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2023.

Overview

Lulus is a customer-driven, primarily online, digitally-native, attainable luxury fashion brand for women, offering modern, unapologetically feminine designs at attainable prices for all of life’s fashionable moments. Our aim is to make every woman feel beautiful, celebrated and as if she’s the most special version of herself for every occasion – from work desk to dream date or cozied up on the couch to the spotlight of her wedding day. Lulus primarily serves a large, diverse community of Millennial and Gen Z women, who typically meet us in their 20s and stay with us through their 30s and beyond. We focus relentlessly on giving our customers what they want by using direct consumer feedback and insights to refine product offerings and elevate the customer experience. Lulus’ world class personal stylists, bridal concierge, and customer care team share an unwavering commitment to elevating style and quality and bring exceptional customer service and personalized shopping to customers around the world.

Initial Public Offering

On November 10, 2021, our registration statement on Form S-1 relating to its IPO was declared effective by the SEC and the shares of its common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on November 11, 2021. The IPO closed on November 15, 2021, pursuant to which we issued and sold 5,750,000 shares of our common stock at a public offering price of $16.00 per share. On November 15, 2021, we received net proceeds of approximately $82.0 million from the IPO, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $6.1 million and other issuance costs of approximately $3.9 million. Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, we filed an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which authorized a total of 250,000,000 shares of common stock at $0.001 par value per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share. Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, all shares of the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding were converted into 15,000,000 shares of common stock. Additionally, 215,702 shares of common stock were issued to the LP immediately prior to the completion of the IPO. All shares of the Series B Preferred Stock and the Series B-1 Preferred Stock were redeemed and extinguished for a total payment of approximately $17.9 million on November 15, 2021.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Our business has largely recovered from the significant impacts stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic that reduced demand for our product and disrupted the supply chain during 2020 and 2021. For additional discussion of risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business— A global health emergency or epidemics or pandemics like resurgence of COVID-19 and post COVID-19 pandemic environment could have a material adverse effect on our business, and it remains uncertain how they will impact our supply chain and consumer demand for our products.”

Impact of Macroeconomic Trends on Business

Changing macroeconomic factors, including inflation, interest rates, student loan repayment resumption, as well as world events, such as the war in Israel and Russia’s war against Ukraine, and overall consumer confidence with respect to current and future economic conditions have impacted our sales in fiscal 2023 as discretionary consumer spending levels and shopping behavior fluctuate with these factors. During fiscal 2023, we responded to these factors, as needed, by taking appropriate pricing, promotional and other actions to stimulate customer demand. These factors may continue to have an impact on our business, results of operations, our growth and financial condition.

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Liquidity

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of December 31, 2023, we had total cash and cash equivalents of $2.5 million and amounts due under the revolving line of credit of $8.0 million.

In November 2021 we entered into a Credit Agreement (the “2021 Credit Agreement”) to provide a Revolving Facility (the “2021 Revolving Facility”) that provides for borrowings up to $50.0 million. The 2021 Credit Agreement contains various financial covenants and matures on November 15, 2024 as described in Note 5, Debt.

We are evaluating sources of debt financing. However, we believe the cash on hand and cash provided by operations in conjunction with certain cash conservation measures to be taken as necessary, including adjustments to marketing and other variable and capital spend, will enable us to meet our obligations as they become due within one year. The consolidated financial statements do not reflect any adjustments relating to the outcome of this uncertainty.

Key Operating and Financial Metrics

We collect and analyze operating and financial data to assess the performance of our business and optimize resource allocation. The following table sets forth our key performance indicators for the periods presented (in thousands, except for percentages and Average Order Value).

Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) 0.9 % 6.6 % 11.0 %

Active Customers

We define Active Customers as the number of customers who have made at least one purchase across our platform in the prior 12-month period. We consider the number of Active Customers to be a key performance metric on the basis that it is directly related to consumer awareness of our brand, our ability to attract visitors to our primarily digital platform, and our ability to convert visitors to paying customers. Active Customers counts are based on de-duplication logic using customer account and guest checkout name, address, and email information.

Average Order Value

We define Average Order Value (“AOV”) as the sum of the total gross sales before returns across our platform in a given period, plus shipping revenue, less discounts and markdowns, divided by the Total Orders Placed in that period. AOV reflects average basket size of our customers. AOV may fluctuate as we continue investing in the development and introduction of new Lulus merchandise and as a result of our promotional discount activity.

Total Orders Placed

We define Total Orders Placed as the number of customer orders placed across our platform during a particular period. An order is counted on the day the customer places the order. We do not adjust the number of Total Orders Placed for any cancellation or return that may have occurred subsequent to a customer placing an order. We consider Total Orders Placed as a key performance metric on the

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basis that it is directly related to our ability to attract and retain customers as well as drive purchase frequency. Total Orders Placed, together with Average Order Value, is an indicator of the net revenue we expect to generate in a particular period.

Gross Margin

We define Gross Margin as gross profit as a percentage of our net revenue. Gross profit is equal to our net revenue less cost of revenue. Certain of our competitors and other retailers report cost of revenue differently than we do. As a result, the reporting of our gross profit and Gross Margin may not be comparable to other companies.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). However, management believes that certain non-GAAP financial measures provide investors of our financial information with additional useful information in evaluating our performance and that excluding certain items that may vary substantially in frequency and magnitude period-to-period from net income (loss) provides useful supplemental measures that assist in evaluating our ability to generate earnings and to more readily compare these metrics between past and future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures may be different than similarly titled measures used by other companies.

To supplement our audited consolidated financial statements which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use “Adjusted EBITDA”, “Adjusted EBITDA margin” (collectively referred to as “Adjusted EBITDA”) and “Free Cash Flow” which are non-GAAP financial measures. Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are several limitations related to the use of our non-GAAP financial measures as compared to the closest comparable GAAP measures. Some of these limitations include:

Due to these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, and Free Cash Flow should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using these non-GAAP measures only supplementally. As noted in the table below, Adjusted EBITDA includes adjustments to exclude the impact of depreciation and amortization, interest expense, income taxes, management fees, transaction fees, and equity-based compensation. It is reasonable to expect that some of these items will occur in future periods. However, we believe these adjustments are appropriate because the amounts recognized can vary significantly from period to period, do not directly relate to the ongoing operations of our business and may complicate comparisons of our internal results of operations and results of operations of other companies over time. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA includes adjustments for other items that we do not expect to regularly record. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments described in this paragraph and in the following reconciliation table help management with a measure of our core operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-

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day operations. Adjusted EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate as Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above) as a percentage of our net revenue.

The following table provides a reconciliation for Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin:

(in thousands)

Loss on extinguishment of debt — — 1,392

Income tax provision (benefit) (1,676) 4,047 6,212

Management fees (1) — — 534

Transaction fees (2) — — 476

Net income (loss) margin (5.4) % 0.8 % 0.5 %

Adjusted EBITDA margin 0.9 % 6.6 % 11.0 %

Free Cash Flow

Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that we calculate as net cash provided by operating activities less cash used for capitalized software development costs and purchases of property and equipment. We believe free cash flow is an important metric because it represents a measure of how much cash from operations we have available for discretionary and non-discretionary items after the deduction of capital expenditures.

A reconciliation to non-GAAP Free Cash Flow from net cash provided by operating activities for the periods presented is as follows:

Net cash provided by operating activities $ 15,421 $ 6,199 $ 26,896

Capitalized software development costs (2,055) (2,500) (1,522)

Purchases of property and equipment (1,880) (2,511) (1,447)

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Factors Affecting Our Performance

Our financial condition and results of operations have been, and will continue to be, affected by a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including what is discussed below. See “Risk Factors.”

Customer Acquisition

Our business performance depends in part on our continued ability to cost-effectively acquire new customers. We define customer acquisition cost (“CAC”) as our brand and performance marketing expenses attributable to acquiring new customers, including, but not limited to, agency costs and marketing team costs but excluding any applicable equity-based compensation, divided by the number of customers who placed their first order with us in a given period. As a primarily digital brand, our marketing strategy is primarily focused on brand awareness marketing and digital advertising in channels like search, social, and programmatic – platforms that enable us to engage our customer where she spends her time, and in many cases also quickly track the success of our marketing, which allows us to adjust and optimize our marketing spend.

Customer Retention

Our continued success depends in part on our ability to retain and drive repeat purchases from our existing customers. We monitor retention across our entire customer base. Our goal is to attract and convert visitors into active customers and foster relationships that drive repeat purchases. During the trailing twelve months ended December 31, 2023, we served 2.8 million Active Customers compared to 3.2 million for the trailing 12 months ended January 1, 2023.

Inventory Management

We utilize a data-driven strategy that leverages our proprietary reorder algorithm to manage inventory as efficiently as possible. Our “test, learn, and reorder” approach consists of limited inventory purchases followed by the analysis of proprietary data including real-time transaction data and customer feedback, which then informs our selection and customization of popular merchandise prior to reordering in larger quantities. While our initial orders are limited in size and financial risk and our supplier partners are highly responsive, we nonetheless purchase inventory in anticipation of future demand and therefore are exposed to potential shifts in customer preferences and price sensitivity over time. As we continue to grow, we will adjust our inventory purchases to align with the current needs of the business.

Investment in Our Operations and Infrastructure

We will continue to invest in our operations and infrastructure to facilitate further growth of our business. While we expect our expenses to increase accordingly, we will harness the strength of our existing platform and our on-trend fashion expertise to make informed investment decisions. We intend to invest in headcount, inventory, fulfillment, logistics, and our software and data capabilities in order to improve our platform, expand into international markets, and drive operational efficiencies. We cannot guarantee that increased spending on these investments will be cost effective or result in future growth in our customer base. However, we set a high bar for approval of any capital spending initiative. We believe that our disciplined approach to capital spending will enable us to generate positive returns on our investments over the long term.

Components of Our Results of Operations

Net Revenue

Net revenue consists primarily of gross sales, net of merchandise returns and promotional discounts and markdowns, generated from the sale of apparel, footwear, and accessories. Net revenue excludes sales taxes assessed by governmental authorities. We recognize net revenue at the point in time when control of the ordered product is transferred to the customer, which we determine to have occurred upon shipment.

Net revenue is impacted by our number of customers and their spending habits, AOV, product assortment and availability, and marketing and promotional activities. During any given period, we may seek to increase sales by increasing promotional discounts, and in other periods we may instead seek to increase sales by increasing our selling and marketing expenses. We consider both actions

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together, so increased promotional discounts in a period, which would reduce net revenue accordingly in such period, might also result in lower selling and marketing expenses in such period. Similarly, if we increase selling and marketing expenses in a given period, promotional discounts may be correspondingly reduced, thereby improving net revenue.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of revenue consists of the product costs of merchandise sold to customers; shipping and handling costs, including all inbound, outbound, and return shipping expenses; rent, insurance, business property tax, utilities, depreciation and amortization, and repairs and maintenance related to our distribution facilities; and charges related to inventory shrinkage, damages, and our allowance for excess or obsolete inventory. Cost of revenue is primarily driven by growth in orders placed by customers, the mix of the product available for sale on our site, and transportation costs related to inventory receipts from our suppliers. We expect our cost of revenue to fluctuate as a percentage of net revenue primarily due to how we manage our inventory and merchandise mix.

Gross profit is equal to our net revenue less cost of revenue. We calculate Gross Margin as gross profit as a percentage of our net revenue. Our Gross Margin varies across Lulus, exclusive to Lulus, and third-party branded products. Exclusive to Lulus consists of products that we develop with design partners and have exclusive rights to sell across our platform, but that do not bear the Lulus brand. Gross Margin on sales of Lulus and exclusive to Lulus merchandise is generally higher than Gross Margin on sales of third-party branded products, which we offer for customers to “round out” the shopping basket. As we continue to optimize our distribution capabilities and gain more negotiation leverage with suppliers as we scale, our Gross Margin may fluctuate from period to period depending on the interplay of these factors.

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Our selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of payment processing fees, advertising, targeted online performance marketing and customer order courtesy adjustments. Selling and marketing expenses also include our spend on brand marketing channels, including compensation and free clothing to social media influencers, events, and other forms of online and offline marketing related to growing and retaining the customer base. As discussed in “Net Revenue” above, in any given period, the amount of our selling and marketing expense can be affected by the use of promotional discounts in such period.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefits costs, including equity-based compensation for our employees involved in general corporate functions including finance, merchandising, marketing, and technology, as well as costs associated with the use by these functions of facilities and equipment, including depreciation, rent, and other occupancy expenses. General and administrative expenses are primarily driven by increases in headcount required to support business growth and meeting our obligations as a public company.

Since our IPO, we have incurred significant legal, accounting, and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. We expect that compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC, will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time consuming and costly.

Interest expense

Interest expense consists of interest expense related to the 2021 Revolving Facility.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes represents federal, state, and local income taxes. The effective rate differs from the statutory rate primarily due to non-deductible equity-based compensation expenses, non-deductible officer compensation, and state taxes. Our effective tax rate will change from quarter to quarter based on recurring and nonrecurring factors including, but not limited to, the geographical mix of earnings, enacted tax legislation, state and local income taxes, the impact of permanent tax adjustments, and the interaction of various tax strategies.

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Our Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our consolidated results of operations for the years presented and as a percentage of net revenue:

Percentage Change

(in thousands)

Loss on extinguishment of debt — — — (1,392)

Income tax provision (benefit) (1,676) 4,047 NM 6,212

NM – not meaningful

Cost of revenue 58 56 53

Gross profit 42 44 47

Selling and marketing expenses 22 19 18

General and administrative expenses 26 23 23

Income (loss) from operations (6) 2 6

Interest expense — — (3)

Other income, net — — —

Income (loss) before income taxes (6) 2 3

Income tax provision (benefit) — 1 2

Net income (loss) (6) % 1 % 1 %

Comparisons for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023

Net Revenue

Net revenue decreased in 2023 by $84.5 million, or 19%, compared to 2022. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to a decline of 18% in Total Orders Placed along with higher return rates partly offset by higher AOV compared to 2022.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue decreased in 2023 by $41.3 million, or 17% compared to 2022, which was primarily driven by the impact of lower revenue.

Gross Profit

Gross profit decreased in 2023 by $43.2 million or 23% compared to 2022 which was primarily driven by the impact of the lower volume of sales, along with a lower Gross Margin due to higher markdowns and discounts.

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Selling and Marketing Expenses

Selling and marketing expenses decreased in 2023 by $7.2 million, or 9% compared to 2022 due to lower performance marketing costs of $6.0 million as well as lower merchant processing fees of $1.6 million, due to the lower volume of sales.This was partially offset by $0.4 million higher brand marketing spend through 2023 as we invested more in brand awareness.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased in 2023 by $7.0 million, or 7%, compared to 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $6.9 million decrease in variable labor costs and benefits costs primarily associated with lower sales volume and operational efficiencies, as well as a $2.2 million decrease attributed to lower D&O insurance premiums, professional service fees, recruiting and travel costs, as well as a $0.5 million decrease in supplies expense mainly driven by lower sales. These decreases were partially offset by higher equity-based compensation expense of $1.6 million related to equity-based awards issued in 2023 and a $1.0 million increase in capitalized software amortization, facility related costs, non-income related state taxes and board fees.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased in 2023 by $0.6 million, or 57%, compared to 2022. The increase is attributable to higher interest rates partially offset by lower average borrowings driving increased interest expense and unused fees related to the 2021 Revolving Facility.

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)

Our income tax provision (benefit) in 2023 decreased by $5.7 million to a benefit of $1.7 million, compared to a provision of $4.0 million in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to reduction in our income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes from $7.8 million income in 2022 to a $21.0 million loss in 2023, and a decrease in non-deductible officer compensation, partially offset by an increase in non-deductible equity-based compensation expenses.

Quarterly Trends andSeasonality

We experience moderate seasonal fluctuations in aggregate sales volume during the year. Seasonality in our business does not follow that of traditional retailers, such as a typical concentration of revenue in the holiday quarter. In 2023, consistent with most years, our net revenue was the highest during the second quarter due to the typically higher demand for event dresses in the spring and summer. Net revenue was the lowest during the fourth quarter given we are not a holiday gifting destination and event dress demand is typically lower during that time of year. The seasonality of our business has resulted in variability in our total net revenue quarter-to-quarter. We believe that this seasonality has affected and will continue to affect our results of operations. We recognized 26%, 30%, 23% and 21% of our annual net revenue during the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2023, respectively.

Our quarterly gross profit fluctuates primarily based on how we manage our inventory and merchandise mix and has typically been in line with fluctuations in net revenue. When quarterly gross profit fluctuations have deviated relative to the fluctuations in sales, these situations have been driven by non-recurring, external factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Selling and marketing expenses generally fluctuate with net revenue. Further, in any given period, the amount of our selling and marketing expense can be affected by the use of promotional discounts in such period. In addition, we may increase or decrease marketing spend to assist with optimizing inventory mix and quantities.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefit costs and vary quarter to quarter due to changes in the number of seasonal workers to meet demand based on our seasonality.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are cash generated from operating activities and borrowings under our 2021 Revolving Facility. Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are inventory purchases, payroll and general operating expenses, capital expenditures associated with distribution, network expansion and capitalized software and debt service requirements. Our corporate banking relationship is with Bank of America.

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Credit Facilities

During November 2021, we entered into the 2021 Credit Agreement with Bank of America to provide a revolving facility that provides for borrowings up to $50.0 million. During the term of the 2021 Credit Agreement, we may increase the aggregate amount of the 2021 Revolving Facility up to an additional $25.0 million (for maximum aggregate lender commitments of up to $75.0 million), subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions under the 2021 Credit Agreement, including obtaining the consent of the administrative agent and an increased commitment from existing or new lenders. In addition, the 2021 Credit Agreement may be used to issue letters of credit up to $7.5 million (the “Letter of Credit”). For information on Credit Facilities, see Note 5, Debt. During 2023, we borrowed $13.0 million under the 2021 Revolving Facility and repaid $30.0 million of the outstanding balance. As of December 31, 2023, we had $8.0 million outstanding under the 2021 Revolving Facility and had utilized $0.3 million under the Letter of Credit. As of December 31, 2023, we had $41.7 million available for borrowing under the 2021 Revolving Facility and $7.2 million available to issue letters of credit.

The 2021 Revolving Facility matures on November 15, 2024, and borrowings thereunder will accrue interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either (x) the term SOFR rate, plus the applicable SOFR adjustment plus a margin of 1.75% per annum or (y) the base rate plus a margin of 0.75% (with the base rate being the highest of the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, the prime rate and term SOFR for a period of one month plus 1.00%). The 2021 Revolving Facility contains a financial maintenance covenant requiring a maximum total leverage ratio of no more than 2.50:1.00, stepping down to 2.00:1.00 after 18 months. A commitment fee of 37.5 basis points will be assessed on unused commitments under the 2021 Revolving Facility.

Availability and Use of Cash

As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2.5 million and no restricted cash. We believe that our cash on hand and cash provided by operations in conjunction with certain cash conservation measures to be taken as necessary, including adjustments to marketing and other variable and capital spend, will enable us to meet our obligations as they become due within one year from the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, we cannot ensure that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operating activities or that future borrowings will be available under our borrowing agreements in amounts sufficient to pay indebtedness or fund other working capital needs. Actual results of operations will depend on numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control as further discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Cash Flow Analysis

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:

(in thousands)

Net cash provided by (used in):

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities consists primarily of net income (loss) adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation, amortization, equity-based compensation, the effect of changes in working capital and other activities.

During 2023, net cash provided by operating activities increased by $9.2 million, as compared to 2022. The increase was largely due to a $28.7 million reduction in inventory purchases in line with lower sales and a decrease of $7.1 million in income taxes receivable due to the combination of an income tax refund received and utilization of prior year overpayments. There was also an increase of $2.4 million in accounts payable primarily related to the timing of payments related to our credit card payables, and an increase of $0.9 million in assets for recovery mainly due to lower sales. This was partially offset by a decrease of $24.5 million in net income (loss) after adjusting for non-cash items, $2.5 million timing-related increase in prepaids and other current assets, $1.4 million decrease related to lower accounts receivable collections driven by lower sales, $0.8 million decrease related to accrued expenses and other current

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liabilities mainly due to an increase in stored value liabilities due to lower redemption rates and issuance activity driven by lower sales, offset by a decrease in the return reserve as a result of lower sales, and a $0.7 million decrease related to operating lease liabilities.

Investing Activities

Our primary investing activities have consisted of purchases of equipment to support our overall business growth and internally developed software for the continued development of our proprietary technology infrastructure. Purchases of property and equipment may vary from period to period due to the timing of the expansion of our operations. We have no material commitments for capital expenditures.

During 2023, as compared to 2022, net cash used in investing activities decreased by $1.1 million. This was attributable to $0.5 million less invested in capitalized software development costs and $0.6 million lower capital expenditures for leasehold improvements, construction in progress, and purchases of computer hardware and equipment for our general operations.

Financing Activities

Financing activities consist primarily of borrowings and repayments related to our 2021 Revolving Facility.

In 2023, net cash used in financing activities increased by $16.4 million compared to 2022. The increase was primarily due to $17.0 million lower borrowings on our 2021 Revolving facility, $0.5 million increase in withholding tax payments related to vesting of RSUs, and a $0.2 million increase of finance lease payments primarily attributed to new finance leases for distribution center equipment which was offset by the impact of the$0.8 million in payment of offering costs related to the IPO in 2021, and $0.5 million of proceeds received in 2023 from issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”).

Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments

Our most significant contractual obligations relate to our 2017 Revolving Facility, 2021 Revolving Facility and operating lease obligations on our distribution facilities and corporate offices. For information on our revolving facilities, see Note 5, Debt, and for information on our contractual obligations for operating leases, see Note 6, Leases, of the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from our estimates. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition, equity-based compensation, and income taxes have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. For further information on all of our significant accounting policies, please see Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies, of the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Revenue Recognition

While our revenue recognition does not involve significant judgment, it represents an important accounting policy. We generate revenue from the sale of merchandise products sold directly to end customers. We recognize revenue when the product is transferred to the customer, which is generally upon shipment. We estimate a reserve of future returns based on historical return rates. There is judgment in utilizing historical trends for estimating future returns. Our refund for sales returns is included in returns reserve and asset for recovery on the consolidated balance sheets and represents the expected value of the refund that will be due to our customers.

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Leases

On January 3, 2022, we adopted ASC 842. We elected the practical expedient package, which among other practical expedients, includes the option to retain the historical classification of leases entered into prior to January 3, 2022, and allows entities to recognize lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term for leases with a term of 12 months or less. We also elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at inception based on whether we have the right to control the asset during the contract period and other facts and circumstances.

We are the lessee in a lease contract when we obtain the right to control the asset. Operating leases are included in lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets, lease liabilities, current and lease liabilities, noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at lease inception or modification, with ROU assets recorded based on the corresponding lease liability at lease inception or modification adjusted for payments made to the lessor at or before the lease commencement date, initial direct costs incurred and any tenant incentives allowed for under the lease. We determine the lease term by assuming the exercise of renewal options that are reasonably certain. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) to determine the present value of lease payments. The determination of the IBR requires judgment and is primarily based on publicly-available information for companies within similar industries and with similar credit profiles. We adjust the rate for the impact of collateralization, the lease term and other specific terms included in each lease arrangement. The IBR is determined at the lease commencement and is subsequently reassessed upon a modification to the lease arrangement. Refer to Note 6, Leases, of the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Equity-Based Compensation

Equity-based compensation is measured at the grant date or modification date (“measurement date”) for all equity-based awards made to employees and nonemployees based on the estimated fair value of the awards. Equity-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period the employee or non-employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally the vesting period. We recognize forfeitures as they occur.

Under an employment agreement entered into with Mr. McCreight in 2021 (the “McCreight IPO Employment Agreement”) and subject to ongoing employment, and in light of the closing of the IPO, Mr. McCreight received two bonuses to be settled in fully-vested shares of our common stock equal to $3.0 million each ($6.0 million in aggregate) on March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. We initially concluded that the two bonuses were liability-classified upon issuance. Upon the completion of the IPO, the two bonuses became equity-classified as they no longer met the criteria for liability classification and $2.9 million was reclassified from accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities to additional paid-in capital in 2021. Under a new employment agreement with Mr. McCreight (the “Executive Chairman Employment Agreement”) signed in November 2022, reflecting his new role as Executive Chairman, which became effective on the Effective Date, Mr. McCreight received one bonus equal to $2.0 million in March 2023 and will receive one bonus equal to $1.0 million in March 2024, which will be settled in RSUs that vest in 4 and 2 quarterly installments from March 2023 and March 2024, respectively, through December 2023 and June 2024, respectively. Under the Executive Chairman Employment Agreement, entered into in November 2022, Mr. McCreight was entitled to receive a grant of RSUs equivalent to $2.0 million. We initially concluded that the award was subject to the guidance within ASC 718 and was liability-classified upon issuance. On March 17, 2023, the number of RSUs associated with the award became determinable, and the award became equity-classified as it no longer met the criteria for liability classification. Mr. McCreight’s 836,820 RSUs were granted in two parts, with 613,116 RSUs granted on March 17, 2023 and 223,704 RSUs granted on April 30, 2023, the combination of which vest in equal, quarterly installments on the date immediately following the last day of each calendar quarter, starting April 1, 2023, and are subject to continued service requirements. On March 5, 2023, Mr. McCreight received a grant of 25,873 RSUs pursuant to the McCreight IPO Employment Agreement. These RSUs vest in 12 equal installments from April 30, 2023 through March 31, 2024, and are subject to continued service requirements.

During the thirteen weeks ended April 2, 2023, we entered into employment agreements with Crystal Landsem, the Chief Executive Officer, (the “CEO Employment Agreement”) and Tiffany Smith, the Chief Financial Officer, (the “CFO Employment Agreement”), under which 1,811,572 and 161,088 RSUs were granted, respectively. Under the CEO Employment Agreement, Ms. Landsem received a grant of 1,811,572 RSUs, which vest in quarterly installments beginning on June 30, 2023 through December 31, 2026 and are subject to continued service requirements. Under the CEO Employment Agreement, Ms. Landsem also received a grant of 1,811,571 PSUs on March 5, 2023 which vest in three equal annual installments of 603,857 subject to the achievement of trailing ten day volume-weighted

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average price targets of our common stock and her continued employment on the vesting dates. Under the CFO Employment Agreement, Ms. Smith received 161,088 RSUs, granted in two parts, with 118,025 and 43,063 RSUs granted on March 17, 2023 and April 30, 2023, respectively, which in combination will vest in three equal installments on March 8, 2024, March 7, 2025 and March 6, 2026, and are subject to continued service requirements.

The fair value of grants of restricted stock or restricted stock units is based on the fair value of our common stock underlying the award on the measurement date. For stock option awards, we apply the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value. The model utilizes the estimated per share fair value of our underlying common stock at the measurement date, the expected or contractual term of the option, the expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of the common stock.

We base estimates of expected volatility on the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry, financial, and market capitalization data.

Determining the grant date fair value of options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires us to make assumptions and judgments. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and, if different assumptions had been used, stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from the amounts recorded.

Income Taxes

We compute our provision for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which Deferred Tax Assets (“DTA”) and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which they are expected to be realized or settled.

Deferred tax assets are evaluated for future realization and reduced by a valuation allowance to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. We consider many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization, including our recent cumulative loss, earnings expectations in earlier future years, and other relevant factors.

As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $3.8 million in net DTAs. These DTAs include approximately $0.6 million related to net operating loss carryforwards that can be used to offset taxable income in future periods and reduce our income taxes payable in those future periods. Some of these net operating loss carryforwards will expire if they are not used within certain periods. At this time, based on evidence currently available, we consider it more likely than not that we will have sufficient taxable income in the future that will allow us to realize the DTAs; however, failure to generate sufficient taxable income could result in some or all DTAs not being utilized in the future. If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income, a valuation allowance to reduce our DTAs may be required which would materially increase our expenses in the period the allowance is recognized and materially adversely affect our results of operations and statement of financial conditions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies—Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, of the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information about recent accounting pronouncements, the timing of their adoption, and our assessment, to the extent we have made one, of their potential impact on our financial position and our results of operations.

JOBS Act Accounting Election

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period until we are no longer an emerging growth company or until we affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements and our unaudited interim consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Our operations are solely based within the United States and the majority of our sales are within the United States. We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business, including the effects of foreign currency fluctuations, interest rate changes and inflation. Information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about these market risks is set forth below.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

Cash and cash equivalents are held primarily in money market funds and cash deposits. The fair value of our cash and cash equivalents would not be significantly affected by either an increase or decrease in interest rates due mainly to the short-term nature of these instruments. Interest on any borrowings incurred pursuant to our 2021 Revolving Facility accrue at a floating rate based on a formula tied to certain market rates at the time of incurrence; however, we do not expect that any change in prevailing interest rates will have a material impact on our results of operations.

Foreign Currency Risk

All of our sales and operating expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore, our income/(loss) before income taxes is not currently subject to foreign currency risk.

Inflation

We have experienced inflationary pressures in our supply chain and in our operating costs, as well as impacts related to our customers’ spending levels, which fluctuate with inflation. We continue to monitor the impact of inflation in order to minimize its effects through pricing strategies, productivity improvements and cost reductions. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34) 69

Financial Statements:

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023 70

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 75

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Lulu’s Fashion Lounge Holdings, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lulu’s Fashion Lounge Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), redeemable preferred stock, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

San Francisco, California

March 6, 2024

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

December 31, January 1,

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,506 $ 10,219

Income tax refund receivable 2,510 4,078

Prepaids and other current assets 5,379 3,738

Property and equipment, net 4,712 4,391

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Current liabilities:

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 18,343 17,976

Revolving line of credit 8,000 —

Lease liabilities, current 5,648 4,456

Revolving line of credit, noncurrent — 25,000

Lease liabilities, noncurrent 25,427 29,042

Other noncurrent liabilities 1,179 623

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7)

Stockholders' equity:

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 149,445 $ 167,204

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Fiscal Years Ended

December 31, January 1, January 2,

(52 weeks) (52 weeks) (52 weeks)

Loss on extinguishment of debt — — (1,392)

Income tax provision (benefit) (1,676) 4,047 6,212

Net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) (19,334) 3,725 2,045

Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders — — (122,962)

Stock dividend issued to LP — — (3,451)

Basic earnings (loss) per share $ (0.48) $ 0.10 $ (6.08)

Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (0.48) $ 0.10 $ (6.08)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Preferred Stock, Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’

Equity (Deficit)

(in thousands, except share amounts)

Additional Total

Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Equity (Deficit)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Fiscal Years Ended

December 31, January 1, January 2,

(52 weeks) (52 weeks) (52 weeks)

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Noncash lease expense 3,663 3,257 —

Loss on debt extinguishment — — 1,392

Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs 156 157 2,283

Loss on disposal of property and equipment 19 18 9

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Income taxes (receivable) payable 2,752 (4,364) 2,094

Prepaid and other current assets (1,803) 694 (2,721)

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 918 1,691 21,263

Operating lease liabilities (3,317) (2,608) —

Other noncurrent liabilities (46) 8 (1,390)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Capitalized software development costs (2,055) (2,500) (1,522)

Purchases of property and equipment (1,880) (2,511) (1,447)

Net cash used in investing activities (4,003) (5,123) (3,394)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Repayments on revolving line of credit (30,000) (30,000) (8,580)

Repayment of long-term debt — — (109,608)

Payment of debt issuance costs — — (514)

Redemption of redeemable preferred stock — — (17,900)

Principal payments on finance lease obligations (983) (786) —

Payment of offering costs related to the IPO — (832) —

Other (6) (32) (24)

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Restricted cash — — 506

(Continued)

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Fiscal Years Ended

December 31, January 1, January 2,

(52 weeks) (52 weeks) (52 weeks)

Supplemental Disclosure

Cash paid (refunded) during the period for:

Operating leases $ 5,191 $ 4,706 $ —

Finance leases $ 1,111 $ 786 $ —

Assets acquired under finance lease obligations $ 983 $ 4,750 $ —

Prepaid rent reclassified to lease right-of-use assets $ — $ 381 $ —

Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders $ — $ — $ (122,962)

Offering costs included in accrued expenses $ — $ — $ 542

(Concluded)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1.Description of Business, Organization and Liquidity

Organization and Business

Pursuant to a reorganization, Lulu’s Fashion Lounge Holdings, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (“Lulus”, “we”, “our”, or the “Company”), was formed on August 25, 2017 as a holding company and its primary asset is an indirect membership interest in Lulu’s Fashion Lounge, LLC (“Lulus LLC”). Prior to the Company’s initial public offering, the Company was majority-owned by Lulu’s Holdings, L.P. (the “LP”). In connection with the Company’s initial public offering, the LP was liquidated.

Lulus LLC was founded in 1996, starting as a vintage boutique in Chico, CA that began selling online in 2005 and transitioned to a purely online business in 2008. The LP was formed in 2014 as a holding company and purchased 100% of Lulus LLC’s outstanding common stock in 2014. The Company, through Lulus LLC, is a customer-driven, digitally-native, attainable luxury fashion brand for women, offering modern, unapologetically feminine designs at accessible prices for all of life’s fashionable moments based in Chico, CA.

Initial Public Offering

On November 10, 2021, the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 relating to its initial public offering (“IPO”) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the shares of its common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on November 11, 2021. The IPO closed on November 15, 2021, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold 5,750,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $16.00 per share. On November 15, 2021, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $82.0 million from the IPO, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $6.1 million and other issuance costs of approximately $3.9 million. Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company filed an amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which authorized a total of 250,000,000 shares of common stock at $0.001 par value per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share. Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, all shares of the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding were converted into 15,000,000 shares of common stock. Additionally, 215,702 shares of common stock were issued to the LP immediately prior to the completion of the IPO. All shares of the Series B Preferred Stock and the Series B-1 Preferred Stock were redeemed and extinguished for a total payment of approximately $17.9 million on November 15, 2021.

Impact of Macroeconomic Trends on Business

Liquidity

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had total cash and cash equivalents of $2.5 million and amounts due under the revolving line of credit of $8.0 million.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

In November 2021 the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “2021 Credit Agreement”) to provide a Revolving Facility (the “2021 Revolving Facility”) that provides for borrowings up to $50.0 million. The 2021 Credit Agreement contains various financial covenants and matures on November 15, 2024 as described in Note 5, Debt.

The Company is evaluating sources of debt financing. However, the Company believes the cash on hand and cash provided by operations in conjunction with certain cash conservation measures to be taken as necessary, including adjustments to marketing and other variable and capital spend, will enable the Company to meet its obligations as they become due within one year. The consolidated financial statements do not reflect any adjustments relating to the outcome of this uncertainty.

2.Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Fiscal Year

The Company’s fiscal year consists of a 52-week or 53-week period ending on the Sunday nearest December 31. The fiscal years ending December 31, 2023 (“2023”), ended January 1, 2023 (“2022) and ended January 2, 2022 (“2021”) consisted of 52-weeks.

The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The significant estimates and assumptions made by management relate to sales return reserves and related assets for recovery, lease right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities, income tax valuation allowance and fair value of equity awards. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Segment Reporting

The Company manages its business on the basis of one operating and reportable segment, retail. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its chief executive officer (“CEO”). All long-lived assets are located in the United States and substantially all revenue is attributable to customers based in the United States. International sales are not significant.

Concentration of Credit Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Such amounts may exceed federally insured limits. The Company reduces credit risk by depositing its cash with major credit-worthy financial institutions within the United States. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its cash deposits. As of December 31, 2023, no single customer represented greater than 10%

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

of the Company’s accounts receivable balance. As of January 1, 2023, a single wholesale customer represented 15% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance. No single customer accounted for greater than 10% of the Company’s net revenue during 2023, 2022 and 2021.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist primarily of receivables from credit card processing agencies and wholesale customers. Based on historical collections from these agencies and wholesale customers, no allowance for doubtful accounts was deemed necessary as of December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023.

Inventory

Inventory consists of finished goods, which are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the first-in-first-out method. The cost of inventory consists of merchandise costs and inbound freight costs. Inventory levels are reviewed to identify slow-moving merchandise, and promotions and markdowns are used to clear merchandise. In the period in which the Company determines estimated selling price, less costs to sell, is below cost, or identifies excess, obsolete, or unsalable items, the Company writes its inventory down to its net realizable value.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which range from 3 to 9 years. Improvements that extend the life of a specific asset are capitalized, while normal maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When assets are sold or otherwise retired, their cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet with any resulting gain or loss reflected in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Goodwill and Tradename

Goodwill is stated at the excess of the acquisition price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a purchase acquisition and is not amortized. Goodwill arose from the LP’s purchase of 100% of the outstanding common stock of Lulus LLC on July 25, 2014 and the Company has one reporting unit. The Company’s tradename is an indefinite-lived intangible asset and is not amortized. The Company reviews its goodwill and tradename for impairment at least annually (on the first day of the fourth quarter) or more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired.

When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs an assessment of qualitative factors (“Step 0 Test”). The qualitative assessment includes assessing the totality of relevant events and circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying value of the reporting unit. These events and circumstances include macroeconomic conditions, industry and competitive environment conditions, overall financial performance, reporting unit specific events and market considerations. The Company also considers recent valuations of the reporting unit, including the magnitude of the difference between the most recent fair value estimate and the carrying value, as well as both positive and adverse events and circumstances, and the extent to which each of the events and circumstances identified may affect the comparison of a reporting unit’s fair value with its carrying value. If the qualitative assessment results in a conclusion that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying value, then no further testing is performed for that reporting unit. The Company performed the qualitative assessment of its goodwill and determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the reporting unit. As a result, there was no goodwill impairment during 2023, 2022 and 2021. There was no accumulated impairment of goodwill as of December 31, 2023, and January 1, 2023.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

When testing the tradename for impairment, the Company first performs an assessment of qualitative factors. If qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the tradename is less than its carrying amount, the Company tests the tradename for impairment at the asset level. The Company determines the fair value of the tradename and compares it to the carrying value. If the carrying value of the tradename exceeds the fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess. The Company performed the qualitative assessment of its tradename and determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the tradename exceeds the carrying value of the reporting unit. There were no additions to, disposals of, or impairments of the tradename during 2023, 2022 and 2021. There was no accumulated impairment of the tradename as of December 31, 2023, and January 1, 2023.

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net consists of capitalized internal-use software development, which is amortized over a 3-year period. The Company capitalizes certain costs in connection with obtaining or developing software for internal use. Additionally, the Company capitalizes qualifying costs incurred for upgrades and enhancements that result in additional functionality to existing software. Amortization of such costs begins when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Costs related to design or maintenance are expensed as incurred. Intangible asset amortization expense was $1.9 million, $1.7 million and $1.6 million during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets. The Company reviews intangible assets for impairment under the long-lived asset model described below. No impairment of intangible assets was recorded during the years presented.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

The Company evaluates long-lived assets, including lease right-of-use assets, for impairment periodically whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In evaluating long-lived assets for recoverability, the Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition. To the extent that projected undiscounted future net cash flows attributable to the asset are less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and its estimated fair value. There was no impairment recorded during the years presented.

Leases

The Company changed its method of accounting for leases as of January 3, 2022 due to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). Contracts that have been determined to convey the right to use an identified asset are evaluated for classification as an operating or finance lease. For the Company’s operating and finance leases, the Company records a lease liability based on the present value of the lease payments at lease inception. The present value of lease payments is determined by using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate is readily determinable; otherwise, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”). The determination of the IBR requires judgment and is primarily based on publicly-available information for companies within similar industries and with similar credit profiles. We adjust the rate for the impact of collateralization, the lease term and other specific terms included in each lease arrangement. The IBR is determined at the lease commencement and is subsequently reassessed upon a modification to the lease arrangement. The right-of-use asset is recorded based on the corresponding lease liability at lease inception, adjusted for payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, initial direct costs incurred and any tenant incentives allowed for under the lease. The Company does not include optional renewal terms or early termination provisions unless the Company is reasonably certain such options would be exercised at the inception of the lease. Lease right-of-use assets, current portion of lease liabilities, and lease liabilities, net of current portion are included on the consolidated balance sheets.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Fixed lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis, unless the right-of-use assets have been impaired, over the reasonably assured lease term based on the total lease payments and is included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Fixed and variable lease expense on operating leases is recognized within operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Finance lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis. Fixed and variable expenses are captured within interest expense and depreciation expense, which has components within general and administrative expenses and cost of revenue. The Company’s non-lease components are primarily related to maintenance, insurance and taxes, which varies based on future outcomes and is thus recognized in lease expense when incurred.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue primarily from the sale of merchandise products directly to end customers. The sale of products is a distinct performance obligation, and revenue is recognized at a point in time when control of the promised product is transferred to customers, which the Company determined occurs upon shipment based on its evaluation of the related shipping terms. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the transaction price consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products. The Company’s payment terms are typically at the time of order processing and shipment.

The Company elected to exclude from revenue taxes assessed by governmental authorities, including value-added and other sales-related taxes, that are imposed on and concurrent with revenue-producing activities. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient, relative to e-commerce sales, which allows an entity to account for shipping and handling as fulfillment activities, and not a separate performance obligation. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue for only one performance obligation, the sale of the product, at shipping point (when the customer gains control). Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are accounted for as fulfillment costs and are included in cost of goods sold. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less.

Revenue from merchandise product sales is reported net of sales returns, which includes an estimate of future returns based on historical return rates, with a corresponding reduction to cost of sales. There is judgment in utilizing historical trends for estimating future returns. The Company’s refund liability for sales returns is included in the returns reserve on its consolidated balance sheets and represents the expected value of the refund that will be due to the Company’s customers. The Company also has a corresponding asset for recovery that represents the expected net realizable value of the merchandise inventory to be returned.

The Company sells stored-value gift cards to customers and offers merchandise credit stored-value cards for certain returns. Such stored-value cards do not have an expiration date. The Company recognizes revenue from stored-value cards when the card is redeemed by the customer. The Company has determined that sufficient evidence exists to support an estimate for stored-value card breakage. Subject to requirements to remit balances to governmental agencies, breakage is recognized as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer, which is substantially within thirty-six months from the date of issuance. The amount of breakage recognized in revenue during 2023, 2022 and 2021 was not material.

The Company has two types of contractual liabilities: (i) cash collections from its customers prior to delivery of products purchased (“deferred revenue”), which are initially recorded within accrued expenses and recognized as revenue when the products are shipped, (ii) unredeemed gift cards and online store credits, which are initially recorded as a stored-value card liability and are recognized as revenue in the period they are redeemed.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table summarizes the significant changes in the contract liabilities balances during 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Deferred Stored-Value

Revenue Cards

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists of the product costs of merchandise sold to customers; shipping and handling costs including all inbound, outbound, and return shipping expenses; rent, insurance, business property tax, utilities, depreciation and amortization, and repairs and maintenance related to the Company’s distribution facilities; and charges related to inventory shrinkage, damages and the allowance for excess or obsolete inventory.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefits costs, including equity-based compensation for the Company’s employees involved in general corporate functions including finance, merchandising, marketing, and technology, as well as costs associated with the use by these functions of facilities and equipment, including depreciation and amortization, rent and other occupancy expenses.

Selling and Marketing Expenses

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of customer service, payment processing fees, advertising, targeted online performance marketing and search engine optimization costs. Selling and marketing expenses also include spend on brand marketing channels, including cash and free clothing compensation to influencers, events and other forms of online and offline marketing related to growing and retaining the customer base. Advertising costs included in selling and marketing expenses were $58.5 million, $64.4 million, and $53.6 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Equity-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock-based awards to certain employees, officers, directors, and other nonemployee service providers. Equity-based compensation is measured at the grant date or modification date for all equity-based awards made to employees and nonemployees based on the estimated fair value of the awards. Equity-based compensation expense is

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

recognized on a straight-line basis over the period the employee or non-employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which is generally the vesting period. The Company classifies equity-based compensation expense as general and administrative expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

The Company has elected to recognize forfeitures by reducing the equity-based compensation expense in the same period as the forfeitures occur.

The fair value of grants of restricted stock or restricted stock units (“RSUs”) is based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock underlying the award on the grant date or modification date. For stock option awards, the Company applies the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value. The model utilizes the estimated per share fair value of the Company’s underlying common stock at the grant date, the expected or contractual term of the option, the expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of the common stock.

The Company bases its estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry, financial, and market capitalization data. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury implied yield at the date of grant. The Company has elected to use the “simplified method” to determine the expected term which is the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term because it has insufficient history upon which to base an assumption about the term; the Company believes the simplified method approximates a term if it were to be based on expected life. The expected dividend yield is 0.0% as the Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock.

Determining the grant date fair value of options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires management to make assumptions and judgments. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and, if different assumptions had been used, stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from the amounts recorded.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. The Company combined equity-based compensation expense and equity-based compensation expense related to CEO special compensation awards into one line item, equity-based compensation expense, in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which Deferred Tax Assets (“DTA”) and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which they are expected to be realized or settled.

The Company believes that it is more likely than not that forecasted income, together with future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and results of recent operations, will be sufficient to fully recover the deferred tax assets. In the event that the Company determines all or part of the net deferred tax assets are not realizable in the future, the Company would record a valuation allowance.

The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as income tax expense.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The Company calculates basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities as the application of the if converted method is not more dilutive. The two-class method requires income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed.

The Company considers its redeemable preferred stock and convertible preferred stock to be participating securities. In accordance with the two-class method, net income (loss) is adjusted for earnings allocated to these participating securities and the related number of outstanding shares of the participating securities, which include contractual participation rights in undistributed earnings, have been excluded from the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders. The redeemable preferred stock and convertible preferred stock contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in dividends but do not contractually require the holders of such shares to participate in the Company’s losses. As such, where applicable, net losses were not allocated to these securities.

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed using net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders represents net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including the effects of any dilutive securities outstanding.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted weighted average shares used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:

Dilutive securities:

Unvested restricted stock - 55,127 -

Unvested RSUs - 139,064 -

Special compensation awards - 67,547 -

Employee Stock Purchase Plan - 7,801 -

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders for the fiscal years presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive (on an as-converted basis):

Performance stock units 1,811,571 — —

Employee stock purchase plan shares 117,511 — —

CEO award share settlement — — 417,828

Redeemable Preferred Stock

The Company has elected to record its redeemable preferred stock at the greater of its redemption value or the issuance date fair value, net of issuance costs, as it is probable of becoming redeemable due to the passage of time. Any change to the carrying value of redeemable preferred stock recognized in each period is recorded to additional paid-in capital, or in the absence of additional paid-in capital, recorded to accumulated deficit.

The issuance date fair value of the redeemable preferred stock shares purchased by entities related to current employees, board members, and service providers was higher than the consideration paid and such excess was recorded as equity-based compensation. The excess of the fair value over consideration paid for redeemable preferred stock shares purchased by an existing convertible preferred stockholder was accounted for as a deemed dividend and recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as a change in equity of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions from non-owner sources. To date, the Company has not had any transactions that are required to be reported in comprehensive income (loss) other than the net income (loss) incurred from operations. Thus, comprehensive income (loss) is the same as net income (loss) for the periods presented.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended, which amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities from an incurred loss methodology to an expected loss methodology. For assets held at amortized cost basis, the guidance eliminates the probable

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

initial recognition threshold and instead requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the assets to present the net amount expected to be collected. For available-for-sale debt securities, credit losses are recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than a write-down, limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. Additional disclosures about significant estimates and credit quality are also required. The guidance is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted this guidance on January 2, 2023, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or disclosure requirements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the effects of this pronouncement on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, whichamends existing income tax disclosure guidance, primarily requiring more detailed disclosure for income taxes paid and the effective tax rate reconciliation. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted and can be applied on either a prospective or retroactive basis. We are currently evaluating this pronouncement to determine its impact on our income tax disclosures.

3.Fair Value Measurements

The Company discloses and recognizes the fair value of its assets and liabilities using a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes three levels of the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2—Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, revolving line of credit and long-term debt. As of December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023, the carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of the Company’s 2021 Revolving Facility that provides for borrowings up to $50.0 million approximates its carrying value as the stated interest rates reset daily at the daily secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) plus an applicable margin and, as such, approximate market rates currently available to the Company. The Company does not have any financial instruments that were determined to be Level 3.

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LULU’S FASHION LOUNGE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

4.Balance Sheet Components

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands) as of:

Estimated Useful Lives December 31, January 1,

Construction in progress 688 36

Total property and equipment 10,206 8,377

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (5,494) (3,986)

Property and equipment, net $ 4,712 $ 4,391

Depreciation of property and equipment was $2.9 million, $2.4 million and $1.3 million for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands) as of:

December 31, January 1,

Accrued compensation and benefits $ 5,057 $ 6,751

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 18,343 $ 17,976

5.Debt

2021 Credit Agreement and Revolving Facility

During November 2021, the Company entered into the 2021 Credit Agreement with Bank of America to provide the 2021 Revolving Facility that provides for borrowings up to $50.0 million. During the term of the 2021 Credit Agreement, the Company can increase the aggregate amount of the 2021 Revolving Facility up to an additional $25.0 million (for maximum aggregate lender commitments of up to $75.0 million), subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions under the 2021 Credit Agreement, including obtaining the consent of the administrative agent and an increased commitment from existing or new lenders. In addition, the 2021 Credit Agreement may be used to issue letters of credit up to $7.5 million (the “Letter of Credit”). During 2023, the Company borrowed $13.0 million under the 2021 Revolving Facility and repaid $30.0 million of the outstanding balance. The 2021 Revolving Facility matures on November 15, 2024, while the Letter of Credit matures on November 8, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $0.3 million outstanding under the Letter of Credit. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $41.7 million available for borrowing under the 2021 Revolving Facility and $7.2 million available to issue letters of credit.

LVLU US Equity

LVLU · 10-K · period ended 2023-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

LVLU US Equity☆

LVLU · 10-K · period ended 2023-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

LVLU US Equity