Multiples & cost of capital $239.55 · 2026-08-21 · marketstack Size & multiples Market Cap (close × cover-page shares) $54.92B Enterprise Value ⓘ $56.46B P/E (TTM) 37.43× PEG (trailing) 4.40× P/S 6.98× P/FCF 30.09× EV/EBITDA ⓘ 22.98× EV/EBIT 27.72× EV/Sales 7.18× EV/FCF 30.94× FCF Yield ⓘ 3.32% Buyback Yield 0.81% Owner Earnings Yield — Shareholder Yield 1.35% Cost of capital & EVAmethodology → Beta (5y monthly) 0.98 Risk-free (assumed) 4.00% Equity risk premium (assumed) 4.23% Cost of Equity — After-tax Cost of Debt 3.90% WACC — ROIC ⓘ 13.20% EVA Spread (ROIC−WACC) — EVA ⓘ —
Flows TTM (last 4 quarters); latest annual for: EPS (Diluted) · EPS TTM $6.40 · revenue TTM $7.86B · FCF TTM $1.82B
No four consecutive quarters could be summed for EPS (Diluted); these figures use the latest fiscal year, not a trailing twelve months. Some figures named '(TTM)' on this payload are the latest FISCAL YEAR, not a trailing twelve months — eps_ttm (fiscal year ended 2025-12-31). No four consecutive quarters could be summed for them — for an IFRS 20-F filer that is every income-statement line (no quarterly income statement is tagged to EDGAR at all); for a US filer it is usually one line the quarterly tagging skips. Each field's own basis is on field_basis. full derived coverage requires a plan Output of a disclosed model — assumptions may be wrong. Research, not investment advice. See the Disclaimer .
Own-history valuation (point-in-time) 141 monthly snapshots · 2014-12 → 2026-08
P/E (FY) 37.43× sits at the 97th percentile of its own 139-month range (2015-02→2026-08) — own median 28.96×, 18.00×–39.00× range
Own history, not peers · point-in-time, filing-date honest · Multiples above prints 37.43× on trailing-12-month earnings
Full 10Y 5Y 3Y 1Y
sector median from 844 Information Technology names in the same archive Column definitionsⓘ
Today — Latest value — live figure if it matches, else newest snapshot.
Own median — Middle of this name's own months in the window.
Own range — min→max rule, shaded p10–p90, tick median, dot today.
%ile — Where today ranks in its own history.
z — Standard deviations from its own mean.
Sector med. — Same-month sector median in the archive.
mo · distinct — Months · distinct values (the real sample size). Metric Today Own median Own range %ile z Sector med. mo · distinct ▾ P/E (FY) 37.43× 28.96× P/E — own p10–p90 21.83×–35.31×; range 18.00×–39.00×; median 28.96×; today 37.43× · 139 monthly observations 97th +1.78σ 32.13× 139 · 139 ▸ ROE (FY) 14.6% 16.2% ROE — own p10–p90 15.0%–18.7%; range 14.6%–18.8%; median 16.2%; today 14.6% · 127 monthly observations 3rd −1.44σ 4.1% 127 · 11 ▸ ROIC (FY) 13.2% 13.2% ROIC — own p10–p90 12.1%–14.2%; range 11.3%–14.8%; median 13.2%; today 13.2% · 127 monthly observations 59th −0.01σ 4.8% 127 · 11 ▸ Net Margin (FY) 20.0% 16.7% Net Margin — own p10–p90 14.5%–19.9%; range 13.3%–20.0%; median 16.7%; today 20.0% · 139 monthly observations 97th +1.29σ 1.6% 139 · 12 ▸ 12M Momentum 32.9% 12.2% 12M Momentum — own p10–p90 −7.5%–39.7%; range −19.9%–78.6%; median 12.2%; today 32.9% · 141 monthly observations 85th +1.05σ 2.4% 141 · 139 ▸ EPS Growth 3Y (FY) 8.5% 10.1% EPS Growth 3Y — own p10–p90 7.4%–19.6%; range 7.4%–19.6%; median 10.1%; today 8.5% · 103 monthly observations 27th −0.74σ 11.5% 103 · 9 ▸ Sales Growth 3Y (FY) 6.4% 6.4% Sales Growth 3Y — own p10–p90 1.8%–13.3%; range 1.8%–13.3%; median 6.4%; today 6.4% · 103 monthly observations 50th −0.07σ 5.5% 103 · 9 Market Cap $54.92B not reconstructed — market cap was removed from the historical pass (never a ranking factor, and a reconstructed share count carries look-ahead risk). The single stored value is the forward-captured snapshot, not a series.
P/E (FY) · point-in-time monthly 139 monthly observations · 2015-02 → 2026-08
2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 46.54× 16.13× 28.96× Today (live screener basis): 37.43× 2015-02-28 · P/E 22.42× · Information Technology median 27.71× (n=124) 2015-03-31 · P/E 22.17× · Information Technology median 27.05× (n=143) 2015-04-30 · P/E 22.12× · Information Technology median 26.68× (n=143) 2015-05-31 · P/E 22.68× · Information Technology median 27.47× (n=143) 2015-06-30 · P/E 23.11× · Information Technology median 26.95× (n=143) 2015-07-31 · P/E 22.38× · Information Technology median 27.13× (n=143) 2015-08-31 · P/E 22.71× · Information Technology median 24.79× (n=144) 2015-09-30 · P/E 22.08× · Information Technology median 24.24× (n=144) 2015-10-31 · P/E 23.13× · Information Technology median 26.87× (n=144) 2015-11-30 · P/E 23.82× · Information Technology median 26.77× (n=146) 2015-12-31 · P/E 22.61× · Information Technology median 25.10× (n=150) 2016-01-31 · P/E 19.85× · Information Technology median 23.59× (n=149) 2016-02-29 · P/E 18.94× · Information Technology median 23.00× (n=145) 2016-03-31 · P/E 20.40× · Information Technology median 24.91× (n=144) 2016-04-30 · P/E 19.63× · Information Technology median 24.56× (n=144) 2016-05-31 · P/E 19.52× · Information Technology median 23.88× (n=141) 2016-06-30 · P/E 18.87× · Information Technology median 24.51× (n=142) 2016-07-31 · P/E 19.20× · Information Technology median 26.06× (n=142) 2016-08-31 · P/E 19.90× · Information Technology median 27.27× (n=142) 2016-09-30 · P/E 19.50× · Information Technology median 27.58× (n=142) 2016-10-31 · P/E 18.00× · Information Technology median 27.09× (n=141) 2016-11-30 · P/E 19.33× · Information Technology median 27.83× (n=142) 2016-12-31 · P/E 19.84× · Information Technology median 27.43× (n=142) 2017-01-31 · P/E 20.86× · Information Technology median 29.03× (n=142) 2017-02-28 · P/E 24.64× · Information Technology median 29.04× (n=148) 2017-03-31 · P/E 24.69× · Information Technology median 30.35× (n=152) 2017-04-30 · P/E 26.12× · Information Technology median 31.06× (n=153) 2017-05-31 · P/E 27.86× · Information Technology median 32.02× (n=154) 2017-06-30 · P/E 27.66× · Information Technology median 30.49× (n=154) 2017-07-31 · P/E 28.12× · Information Technology median 31.90× (n=154) 2017-08-31 · P/E 28.88× · Information Technology median 30.34× (n=156) 2017-09-30 · P/E 30.16× · Information Technology median 32.33× (n=157) 2017-10-31 · P/E 30.82× · Information Technology median 33.46× (n=158) 2017-11-30 · P/E 33.19× · Information Technology median 33.39× (n=158) 2017-12-31 · P/E 33.09× · Information Technology median 33.66× (n=158) 2018-01-31 · P/E 34.84× · Information Technology median 35.96× (n=159) 2018-02-28 · P/E 25.76× · Information Technology median 32.75× (n=154) 2018-03-31 · P/E 25.84× · Information Technology median 31.01× (n=153) 2018-04-30 · P/E 23.74× · Information Technology median 30.83× (n=154) 2018-05-31 · P/E 24.84× · Information Technology median 31.65× (n=155) 2018-06-30 · P/E 24.54× · Information Technology median 33.00× (n=155) 2018-07-31 · P/E 26.46× · Information Technology median 32.64× (n=155) 2018-08-31 · P/E 26.18× · Information Technology median 34.52× (n=156) 2018-09-30 · P/E 26.91× · Information Technology median 34.21× (n=154) 2018-10-31 · P/E 22.82× · Information Technology median 29.85× (n=154) 2018-11-30 · P/E 24.98× · Information Technology median 31.70× (n=152) 2018-12-31 · P/E 23.03× · Information Technology median 28.38× (n=153) 2019-01-31 · P/E 24.80× · Information Technology median 31.18× (n=153) 2019-02-28 · P/E 23.83× · Information Technology median 30.48× (n=160) 2019-03-31 · P/E 24.84× · Information Technology median 30.43× (n=163) 2019-04-30 · P/E 26.40× · Information Technology median 31.51× (n=161) 2019-05-31 · P/E 24.52× · Information Technology median 28.20× (n=162) 2019-06-30 · P/E 27.20× · Information Technology median 29.08× (n=164) 2019-07-31 · P/E 26.83× · Information Technology median 29.63× (n=164) 2019-08-31 · P/E 25.73× · Information Technology median 30.05× (n=163) 2019-09-30 · P/E 27.49× · Information Technology median 29.35× (n=164) 2019-10-31 · P/E 27.44× · Information Technology median 28.89× (n=164) 2019-11-30 · P/E 29.64× · Information Technology median 29.81× (n=164) 2019-12-31 · P/E 29.86× · Information Technology median 30.65× (n=167) 2020-01-31 · P/E 29.09× · Information Technology median 31.45× (n=168) 2020-02-29 · P/E 22.93× · Information Technology median 29.91× (n=167) 2020-03-31 · P/E 19.21× · Information Technology median 26.24× (n=170) 2020-04-30 · P/E 22.37× · Information Technology median 29.78× (n=171) 2020-05-31 · P/E 24.46× · Information Technology median 31.78× (n=168) 2020-06-30 · P/E 23.83× · Information Technology median 32.50× (n=167) 2020-07-31 · P/E 24.87× · Information Technology median 34.63× (n=167) 2020-08-31 · P/E 26.85× · Information Technology median 34.25× (n=170) 2020-09-30 · P/E 26.51× · Information Technology median 33.32× (n=176) 2020-10-31 · P/E 26.19× · Information Technology median 33.50× (n=177) 2020-11-30 · P/E 31.61× · Information Technology median 38.88× (n=176) 2020-12-31 · P/E 32.25× · Information Technology median 41.99× (n=178) 2021-01-31 · P/E 30.20× · Information Technology median 39.44× (n=179) 2021-02-28 · P/E 31.29× · Information Technology median 39.30× (n=189) 2021-03-31 · P/E 33.88× · Information Technology median 40.28× (n=202) 2021-04-30 · P/E 35.79× · Information Technology median 41.07× (n=202) 2021-05-31 · P/E 35.84× · Information Technology median 41.13× (n=205) 2021-06-30 · P/E 35.41× · Information Technology median 42.68× (n=206) 2021-07-31 · P/E 36.88× · Information Technology median 43.84× (n=206) 2021-08-31 · P/E 36.07× · Information Technology median 44.68× (n=209) 2021-09-30 · P/E 32.89× · Information Technology median 42.34× (n=207) 2021-10-31 · P/E 35.12× · Information Technology median 42.81× (n=207) 2021-11-30 · P/E 36.21× · Information Technology median 41.07× (n=211) 2021-12-31 · P/E 39.00× · Information Technology median 41.86× (n=213) 2022-01-31 · P/E 36.28× · Information Technology median 38.67× (n=215) 2022-02-28 · P/E 30.54× · Information Technology median 30.03× (n=218) 2022-03-31 · P/E 31.34× · Information Technology median 29.16× (n=235) 2022-04-30 · P/E 29.71× · Information Technology median 25.69× (n=234) 2022-05-31 · P/E 28.58× · Information Technology median 26.95× (n=238) 2022-06-30 · P/E 25.86× · Information Technology median 24.50× (n=239) 2022-07-31 · P/E 29.06× · Information Technology median 27.77× (n=239) 2022-08-31 · P/E 28.27× · Information Technology median 26.64× (n=240) 2022-09-30 · P/E 26.68× · Information Technology median 24.18× (n=239) 2022-10-31 · P/E 30.51× · Information Technology median 24.60× (n=243) 2022-11-30 · P/E 33.51× · Information Technology median 27.72× (n=243) 2022-12-31 · P/E 32.88× · Information Technology median 25.24× (n=244) 2023-01-31 · P/E 34.10× · Information Technology median 27.72× (n=243) 2023-02-28 · P/E 28.26× · Information Technology median 26.31× (n=236) 2023-03-31 · P/E 29.01× · Information Technology median 26.65× (n=238) 2023-04-30 · P/E 27.53× · Information Technology median 24.84× (n=237) 2023-05-31 · P/E 28.96× · Information Technology median 27.73× (n=234) 2023-06-30 · P/E 32.31× · Information Technology median 29.03× (n=235) 2023-07-31 · P/E 31.66× · Information Technology median 30.52× (n=235) 2023-08-31 · P/E 31.84× · Information Technology median 30.12× (n=231) 2023-09-30 · P/E 29.49× · Information Technology median 28.31× (n=234) 2023-10-31 · P/E 28.10× · Information Technology median 26.45× (n=232) 2023-11-30 · P/E 30.98× · Information Technology median 28.09× (n=234) 2023-12-31 · P/E 32.91× · Information Technology median 30.23× (n=233) 2024-01-31 · P/E 32.35× · Information Technology median 29.57× (n=232) 2024-02-29 · P/E 31.78× · Information Technology median 33.32× (n=241) 2024-03-31 · P/E 32.26× · Information Technology median 32.82× (n=238) 2024-04-30 · P/E 30.80× · Information Technology median 30.80× (n=239) 2024-05-31 · P/E 29.91× · Information Technology median 31.60× (n=241) 2024-06-30 · P/E 29.40× · Information Technology median 31.41× (n=241) 2024-07-31 · P/E 30.60× · Information Technology median 31.99× (n=241) 2024-08-31 · P/E 30.17× · Information Technology median 31.42× (n=239) 2024-09-30 · P/E 30.28× · Information Technology median 31.46× (n=240) 2024-10-31 · P/E 32.34× · Information Technology median 31.67× (n=242) 2024-11-30 · P/E 34.28× · Information Technology median 34.97× (n=239) 2024-12-31 · P/E 31.79× · Information Technology median 34.50× (n=238) 2025-01-31 · P/E 32.55× · Information Technology median 34.75× (n=236) 2025-02-28 · P/E 31.92× · Information Technology median 33.15× (n=251) 2025-03-31 · P/E 29.03× · Information Technology median 29.89× (n=255) 2025-04-30 · P/E 28.60× · Information Technology median 29.20× (n=253) 2025-05-31 · P/E 30.14× · Information Technology median 32.67× (n=254) 2025-06-30 · P/E 30.52× · Information Technology median 34.45× (n=255) 2025-07-31 · P/E 31.17× · Information Technology median 34.01× (n=255) 2025-08-31 · P/E 31.16× · Information Technology median 35.61× (n=257) 2025-09-30 · P/E 31.70× · Information Technology median 35.97× (n=260) 2025-10-31 · P/E 34.08× · Information Technology median 35.06× (n=260) 2025-11-30 · P/E 33.37× · Information Technology median 33.58× (n=257) 2025-12-31 · P/E 34.62× · Information Technology median 34.62× (n=255) 2026-01-31 · P/E 37.77× · Information Technology median 33.78× (n=256) 2026-02-28 · P/E 37.38× · Information Technology median 31.08× (n=265) 2026-03-31 · P/E 33.49× · Information Technology median 30.46× (n=278) 2026-04-30 · P/E 36.80× · Information Technology median 34.18× (n=280) 2026-05-31 · P/E 35.29× · Information Technology median 34.75× (n=284) 2026-06-30 · P/E 37.80× · Information Technology median 33.66× (n=285) 2026-07-14 · P/E 36.27× · Information Technology median 33.44× (n=380) 2026-08-01 · P/E 37.50× · Information Technology median 32.13× (n=361) shaded = own p10–p90 · dashed = own median · right-edge tick = today
Multiple-implied price ladder · Full today 37.43× · $239.55 (2026-08-21 close)
Filed earnings only.
Own median 28.96× × $6.40 = $185.32 vs the $239.55 close · earnings held constant
Own multiple P/E Implied price vs close 10th percentile 21.83× $139.73 −41.7% 25th percentile 24.59× $157.40 −34.3% median 28.96× $185.32 −22.6% 75th percentile 32.25× $206.43 −13.8% 90th percentile 35.31× $226.01 −5.7% today 37.43× $239.55 —
▸ Show the arithmetic for every rowReference computation · 139 monthly P/E observations in Full · EPS basis FY2025 EPS (Diluted) $6.40 · close $239.55 (2026-08-21)ⓘ Not a forecast: each row re-prices today's filed earnings at a multiple this company itself once traded at. It abstains rather than guess on a loss year or a broken per-share basis.
Reconstructed point-in-time · 141 monthly snapshots 2014-12 → 2026-08 · 139 reconstructed, 2 live 2 forward-captured ⓘ Every month uses only what was filed by then, split-adjusted. Delisted names are absent and a trough year can throw one huge reading, so read the median, not the edges.
