ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and/or stock price could be materially adversely affected by any of the risks and uncertainties described below.
Risks Related to Market Conditions
Widespread public health crises, epidemics and pandemics, and the related threat of recession and other economic repercussions have had, and may continue to have, a significant impact on our business, and depending on its continued effects on the oil and gas industry, could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, consolidated results of operations, and consolidated financial condition. Our clients in the oil and gas industry have historically accounted for a substantial portion of our revenues. Widespread public health crises, epidemics and pandemics, threat of recession and related economic repercussions created significant volatility, uncertainty and turmoil in the oil and gas industry during 2022 and 2021 and continue to disrupt the normal operations of many businesses, including the temporary closure or scale-back of business operations and/or the imposition of either quarantine or remote work or meeting requirements for employees, either by government order or on a voluntary basis. While the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak recently appear to be lessening significantly, widespread public health crises, epidemics and pandemics spreading throughout the U.S. and globally could result in significant disruptions. The global economy, our markets and our clients’ businesses have been, and may continue to be, materially and adversely affected by widespread public health crises, epidemics and pandemics.
The threat of recession on the economic environment may affect client demand for our services. The threat of recession on our economic environment and political uncertainty may reduce the availability of liquidity and credit and, in many cases, reduce demand for our clients’ products. Disruption of the credit markets could also adversely affect our clients’ ability to finance ongoing maintenance and new capital projects, resulting in contract cancellations or suspensions, capital project delays, repurposing of infrastructure, and infrastructure closures. An extended or deep recession may result in plant closures or other contractions in our client base. These factors may also adversely affect our ability to collect payment for work we have previously performed. Furthermore, our ability to expand our business could be limited if, in the future, we are unable to increase our credit capacity under favorable terms or at all. Such disruptions, should they occur, could materially impact our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Extended periods of low prices for crude oil can have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. While we continue to expand our market presence in the areas of aerospace and defense, construction, chemical processing, manufacturing, power generation, and public infrastructure, among other industries, economic downturns within the oil and gas industry including falling crude oil prices, have resulted in, and could in the future, result in reduction in demand for our services.
Our revenues are heavily dependent on certain industries. Sales of our services are dependent on clients in certain industries, particularly the refining and petrochemical industries. As we have experienced in the past, and as we expect to occur in the future, downturns characterized by diminished demand for services in these industries as well as potential changes due to consolidation or changes in client businesses or governmental regulations, could have a material impact on our results of
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operations, financial position or cash flows. Certain clients have employees represented by unions and could be subject to temporary work stoppage which could impact our activity level.
We sell our services in highly competitive markets, which places pressure on our profit margins and limits our ability to maintain or increase the market share of our services. Our competition generally stems from other outside service contractors, many of whom offer a similar range of services. Future economic uncertainty could generally reduce demand for industrial services and thus create a more competitive bidding environment for new and existing work. No assurances can be made that we will continue to maintain our pricing model and our profit margins or increase our market share.
Our ongoing investments in new client markets involve significant risks, could disrupt our current operations and may not produce the long-term benefits that we expect. Our ability to compete successfully in new client markets depends on our ability to continue to deliver innovative, relevant and useful services to our clients in a timely manner. As a result, we have invested, and expect to continue to invest, resources in developing products and services to new clients. Such investments may not prioritize short-term financial results and may involve significant risks and uncertainties, including encountering new competitors. We may fail to generate sufficient revenue, operating margin or other value to justify our investments in such new client markets, thereby harming our ability to generate revenue.
Ukraine Conflict. The Company does not have employees or operations in Russia or Ukraine. Sanctions and other trade controls imposed by the United States and other governments in response to Russia’s military operations in Ukraine could impact our supply chain and our clients’ businesses in future periods. While it is difficult to estimate the impact of current or future sanctions on the Company’s business and financial position, these sanctions could adversely impact the Company’s sales, cost of procuring raw materials, or distribution costs in future periods.
We may not be able to meet the NYSE’s continued listing requirements and rules, and the NYSE may delist our common stock, which could negatively affect our company, the price of our common stock and our shareholders’ ability to sell our common stock and may lead to potential events of default on existing debt instruments. The NYSE has several listing requirements set forth in the NYSE Listed Company Manual. For example, Section 802.01C of the NYSE Listed Company Manual requires that our common stock trade at a minimum average closing price of $1.00 per share over a consecutive 30 trading day period. Section 802.01B of the NYSE Listed Company Manual requires that either our average global market capitalization (inclusive of common and preferred equity) or our total shareholders’ equity exceed $50.0 million.
On June 17, 2022, we were notified by the NYSE that we were no longer in compliance with the NYSE continued listing standards set forth in Section 802.01B of the NYSE Listed Company Manual due to the fact that our average global market capitalization over a consecutive 30 trading-day period was less than $50.0 million and, at the same time, our shareholders’ equity was less than $50.0 million. If our average global market capitalization over a consecutive 30 trading-day period drops below $15.0 million, the NYSE will initiate delisting proceedings. As required by the NYSE, we notified the NYSE of our intent to cure the deficiency and restore our compliance with the NYSE continued listing standards. In accordance with applicable NYSE procedures, on August 1, 2022 we submitted a plan advising the NYSE of the definitive actions we have taken and are taking that would bring us into compliance with NYSE continued listing standards within 18 months of receipt of the written notice. The NYSE accepted the plan and our common stock will continue to be listed and traded on the NYSE during the 18-month period from June 17, 2022, subject to our compliance with other NYSE continued listing standards and continued periodic review by the NYSE of our progress with respect to our plan.
On November 2, 2022, we were notified by the NYSE that the average closing price of our common stock, over a prior 30 consecutive trading day period was below $1.00 per share. We had a period of six months following the receipt of the notice to regain compliance with the minimum share price requirement, with the possibility of extension at the discretion of the NYSE.
On November 2, 2022 our shareholders approved a proposal to authorize the Board to implement the Reverse Stock Split (as defined below), which became effective on December 21, 2022.
On January 3, 2023, we were notified by the NYSE that we had regained compliance with the minimum share price continued listing standard.
Although we have regained compliance with Section 802.01C of the NYSE Listed Company Manual within the cure period, there is no assurance that we will remain in compliance with Section 802.01C of the NYSE Listed Company Manual or other NYSE continued listing standards in the future.
A delisting of our common stock could negatively impact us by, among other things, reducing the liquidity and market price of our common stock; reducing the number of investors willing to hold or acquire our common stock, which could negatively impact our ability to raise equity financing; limiting our ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future; decreasing the amount of news and analyst coverage of us; and causing us reputational harm with investors, our employees, and parties conducting business with us. A delisting of our common stock could constitute a “fundamental change” under the terms of our 5.00% Convertible Notes due 2023 (the “Notes”), requiring us to make an offer to
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repurchase the Notes at par. There can be no assurance we would have sufficient funds available to us to repurchase the Notes if required to do so. Failure to repurchase the Notes also could cause a cross-default under our 2022 ABL Credit Facility and Term Loans, which would permit the holders of the indebtedness to accelerate the maturity thereof and proceed against their collateral and could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Risks Related to Our Operations
Ifwe are not able to implement commercially competitive services in a timely manner in response to changes in the market, client requirements, competitive pressures and technology trends, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Competition can place downward pressure on our prices and profit margins. Our share of the market for our services is characterized by continual technological developments to provide better and more cost-effective services. If we are not able to implement commercially competitive services and products in a timely manner in response to changes in the market, client requirements, competitive pressures, inflationary pressures and technology trends, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Likewise, if our proprietary technologies, equipment, facilities, or work processes become obsolete, we may no longer be competitive, and our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Our business depends upon the maintenance of our proprietary technologies and information. We depend on our proprietary technologies and information, many of which are no longer subject to patent protection. We regularly enter into confidentiality agreements with our key employees, clients, potential clients and other third parties and limit access to and distribution of our trade secrets and other proprietary information. However, these measures may not be adequate to prevent misappropriation of our technologies or to assure that our competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technologies. In addition, because we operate worldwide, the laws of other countries in which we operate may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. We are also subject to the risk of adverse claims and litigation alleging infringement of intellectual property rights.
No assurances can be made that we will be successful in maintaining or renewing our contracts with our clients. A significant portion of our contracts and agreements with clients may be terminated by either party on short notice. Although we actively pursue the renewal of our contracts, we cannot assure that we will be able to renew these contracts or that the terms of the renewed contracts will be as favorable as the existing contracts. If we are unable to renew or replace these contracts, or if we renew on less favorable terms, we may suffer a material reduction in revenue and earnings.
No assurances can be made that we will be successful in hiring or retaining members of a skilled technical workforce. We have a skilled technical workforce and an industry recognized technician training program for each of our service lines that prepares new employees as well as further trains our existing employees. The competition for these individuals is intense. Due to the impacts of COVID-19 and economic uncertainty, we implemented cost reductions and organizational changes which increases our risk of losing key skilled employees. As the economic environment and demand for our services recovers, we will be under pressure to re-hire or onboard employees during a time when there could be a significant demand for skilled labor. The loss of these individuals, or failure to attract new employees, could adversely affect our ability to perform our obligations on our clients’ projects or maintenance and consequently could negatively impact the demand for our products and services.
The loss or unavailability of any of our executive officers or other key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business. We depend greatly on the efforts of our executive officers and other key employees to manage and exercise leadership over our operations. The loss or unavailability of any of our executive officers or other key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business operations.
Unsatisfactory quality of service execution, including safety performance, can affect client relationships, eliminate or reduce revenue streams from our largest clients, result in higher operating costs and negatively impact our ability to hire and retain a skilled technical workforce. The services we provide could incur quality of execution issues that may be caused by our workforce personnel and/or components we purchase from other manufacturers or suppliers. If the quality of our services does not meet our clients’ expectations or satisfaction, then our sales and operating earnings, and, ultimately, our reputation, could be negatively impacted. Additionally, our workers are subject to the normal hazards associated with providing services at industrial facilities. Even with proper safety precautions, these hazards can lead to personal injury, loss of life, destruction of property, plant and equipment, lower employee morale and environmental damage. While we are intensely focused on maintaining a strong safety environment and minimizing the risk of accidents, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be effective. Poor safety performance may limit or eliminate potential revenue streams, including from many of our largest clients, and may materially increase our operating costs, including increasing our required insurance deductibles, self-insured retention and insurance premium costs.
Additionalimpairments of our intangible and other long-lived assets, and changes in the estimated useful lives of intangible assets could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. As a result of past acquisitions, intangible assets comprise a significant portion of our total assets. As of December 31, 2022, our intangible
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assets totaled $75.4 million. Our long-lived assets, including our finite-lived intangible assets, are tested for impairment when circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. A decrease in our market capitalization or profitability or unfavorable changes in market, economic and industry conditions would increase the risk of impairment.
GAAP requires that we evaluate the useful lives of our intangible assets subject to amortization each reporting period. If the estimate of an intangible asset’s remaining useful life is changed, the remaining carrying amount of the intangible asset is amortized prospectively over that revised remaining useful life. To the extent the revised useful life of an intangible asset is less than originally estimated, our future amortization expense will increase, which could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
Improvements in operating results from expected savings in operating costs from workforce reductions and other cost saving and business improvement initiatives may not be realized, may take longer to be realized, or could be realized only for a limited period. Since January 2021, we have implemented a new strategic organizational structure and reduced our operating costs through headcount reductions and other steps to better position ourselves for the recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic and to continue service diversification, and enhance client value. These organizational changes resulted in restructuring charges and other cost saving opportunities. However, in order to implement this or any other future cost savings or business improvement initiatives, we expect to incur additional expenses, which could adversely impact our financial results prior to the realization of the expected benefits associated with the initiatives. Due to numerous factors or future developments, we may not achieve cost reductions or other business improvements consistent with our expectations or the benefits may be delayed. These factors or future developments could include (i) the incurrence of higher than expected costs or delays in reassigning and retraining remaining employees or outsourcing or eliminating duties and functions of eliminated employees, (ii) unanticipated delays in discharging employees in eliminated positions as a result of regulatory or legal limitations on employee terminations in certain jurisdictions, (iii) actual savings differing from anticipated cost savings, (iv) anticipated benefits from business improvement initiatives not materializing and (v) disruptions to normal operations or other unintended adverse impacts resulting from the initiatives.
We may also decide to reduce, suspend or terminate our cost saving and business improvement initiatives at any time before achieving the estimated benefits or after a limited period of time. The elimination of current employees can also result in increased future costs in hiring, training and mobilizing new employees or rehires in the event of a future increase in demand for our services, resulting in a slower recovery of results from operations. Our initiatives may negatively affect our ability to retain and attract qualified personnel, who may experience uncertainty about their future roles with us.
We may experience inflationary pressures in our operating costs and cost overruns on our projects. A number of our clients are serviced under fixed price contracts or contracts including a combination of fixed and variable elements, where we bear a portion of the risk for cost overruns. Under such contracts, prices are established in part on cost and scheduling estimates, which are based on a number of assumptions, including assumptions about future economic conditions, prices and availability of subcontractors, materials and other exigencies of our services. Our profitability depends heavily on our ability to make accurate estimates. Inaccurate estimates, or changes in other circumstances, such as unanticipated technical problems, difficulties obtaining permits or approvals, changes in local laws or labor conditions, weather delays, cost of raw materials, trade disputes and tariffs, currency fluctuations, inflation pressures or our suppliers’ or subcontractors’ inability to perform could result in substantial losses, as such changes adversely affect the revenues and profitability recognized on each project. Current and future inflationary volatility driven by, among other things, supply chain disruptions and governmental stimulus or fiscal policies as well as the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine could further impact our ability to make accurate estimates, which could have an adverse impact on our business, cash flows and profitability.
Additionally, we may incur significant costs in excess of estimates due to changes to work orders requested by our clients that materially change the scope of work to be completed by us. Our services are usually performed pursuant to purchase orders issued under written client agreements. We may be required to perform additional services that were not contemplated in the pricing related to any such purchaser order, including services resulting from client requested changes, incomplete or inaccurate engineering, changes in project specifications and other similar information provided to us by the client which form the basis for our original estimates. We recognize revenue proportionately as costs are incurred, therefore, we may be required to adjusted revenue recognize on fixed contract projects in the event we incur actual costs in excess of our estimates for such project if we are unable to obtain adequate compensation for any such additional services.
Economic, political and other risks associated with international operations could adversely affect our business. A portion of our operations are conducted and located outside the U.S., and accordingly, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business internationally, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates, instability in political or economic conditions, difficulty in repatriating cash proceeds, differing employee relations, differing regulatory environments, trade protection measures, and difficulty in administering and enforcing corporate policies which may be different than the normal business practices of local cultures. Our international business operations may include projects in countries where corruption is prevalent. Although we have implemented continue to and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, there can be no assurance that all of our
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employees, contractors or agents, including those representing us in countries where practices which violate such anti-corruption laws may be customary, will not take actions in violation of our policies and procedures. Any violation of foreign or U.S. laws by our employees, contractors or agents, even if such violation is prohibited by our policies and procedures, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Business acquisitions and divestitures entail risk for investors. From time to time, we seek growth through strategic acquisitions while also evaluating our portfolio for potential divestitures in the specialty maintenance and specialty industrial services, including inspection, engineering assessment and mechanical services to complement, diversify or rationalize our existing business. We may also acquire other businesses that enhance our services or geographic scope and/or divest certain businesses or service offerings to rationalize our operations and take advantage of strategic opportunities. We may not be able to expand our market presence through acquisitions, and acquisitions may present unforeseen integration difficulties or costs. No assurances can be made that we will realize the cost savings, synergies or revenue enhancements that we may anticipate from any acquisition or divestiture, or that we will realize such benefits within the time frame that we expect. If we are not able to address the challenges associated with acquisitions and successfully integrate acquired businesses, or if our integrated product and service offerings fail to achieve market acceptance, or if we are not able to successfully separate divested operations, our business could be adversely affected. The transactions may also affect our share price or future financial results depending on the structure of such considerations. To the extent we issue stock or other rights to purchase stock, including options or other rights, existing shareholders may be diluted and earnings per share may decrease. In addition, acquisitions may result in the incurrence of additional debt.
The price of our outstanding securities may be volatile. It is possible that in some future quarter (or quarters) our revenues, operating results or other measures of financial performance will not meet the expectations of investors, which could cause the price of our outstanding securities to decline or be volatile. Historically, our quarterly and annual sales and operating results have fluctuated. We expect fluctuations to continue in the future. In addition to general economic and political conditions, and in addition to the other factors identified under this Item 1A “Risk Factors”, the following factors may affect our sales and operating results: the timing of significant client orders, the timing of planned maintenance projects at client facilities, changes in competitive pricing, wide variations in profitability by product line, variations in operating expenses, rapid increases in raw material and labor costs, the timing of announcements or introductions of new products or services by us, our competitors or our respective clients, the acceptance of those services, our ability to adequately meet staffing requirements with qualified personnel, relative variations in manufacturing efficiencies and costs, and the relative strength or weakness of international markets. Since our quarterly and annual revenues and operating results vary, we believe that period-to-period comparisons are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicators of our future performance.
Our business may be adversely impacted by work stoppages, staffing shortages and other labor matters. Although we believe that our relations with our employees are good and we have had no strikes or work stoppages, no assurances can be made that we will not experience these and other types of conflicts with labor unions, works councils, other groups representing employees, or our employees in general, or that any future negotiations with our labor unions will not result in significant increases in the cost of labor.
We extend credit to clients for purchases of our services which subjects us to potential credit risk that could, if realized, adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. If we are unable to collect amounts owed to us, or retain amounts paid to us, our cash flows would be reduced and we could experience losses. We would also recognize losses with respect to any receivables that are impaired as a result of our clients’ financial difficulties or bankruptcies. The risk of loss may increase for capital projects where we provide services over a longer period of time. Credit losses could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
As a result of our geographically diverse and decentralized operations within the United States and other countries around the world, we are more susceptible to certain risks. We have offices and operations throughout the world. This creates greater financial and operational risks due to the nature of our operations being conducted at various locations. While we have robust internal controls, policies and procedures, and employee training and compliance programs to deter prohibited practices, they may not be effective in preventing employees, contractors or agents from violating or circumventing such internal policies or from material violations of applicable laws and regulations.
Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from investors, customers and other market participants with respect to sustainability or environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters may impose additional costs on us or expose us to reputational or other risks. Companies across all industries and around the globe are facing increasing scrutiny relating to their ESG policies, initiatives and activities by investors, lenders, regulators, customers and other market participants. While we have policies and initiatives in place related to our ESG practices, the recent increased focus on ESG matters may impact our access to capital, as investors and lenders may reconsider their capital investment allocation as a result of their assessment of our ESG practices. Further, regulatory requirements related to ESG continue to evolve and may increase our costs of compliance. If we do not adapt to or comply with investor or other stakeholder expectations and standards on ESG matters as
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they continue to evolve or if we are perceived to have not responded appropriately to the growing concern for ESG issues, regardless of whether there is a regulatory or legal requirement to do so, we may suffer reputational damage.
While we may create and publish voluntary disclosures regarding ESG matters from time to time, certain statements in those voluntary disclosures are based on hypothetical expectations and assumptions that may not be representative of current or actual risks or events or forecasts of expected risks or events, including the costs associated therewith. Such expectations and assumptions are necessarily uncertain and may be prone to error or subject to misinterpretation given the long timelines involved and lack of an established, single approach to identifying, measuring and reporting on many ESG issues.
In addition, organizations that provide rating information to investors on ESG matters may assign unfavorable ratings to Team or our industries, which may lead to negative investor sentiment and the diversion of investment to other companies or industries, which could have a negative impact on our stock price and our costs of capital. To the extent ESG matters negatively impact our reputation, we may not be able to compete as effectively to recruit or retain employees, which may adversely affect our operations. Such ESG matters may also impact our customers, which may result in reduced demand for certain of our products and services.
Risks Related to Financing Our Business
We may not be able to continue as a going concern. The audit opinion and notes that accompany our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, disclose a “going concern” qualification to our ability to continue in business. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern.
We have suffered recurring operating losses related to COVID-19 and the related economic repercussions and difficult market conditions. Prior to the recent financing transactions discussed below, the Company required additional liquidity to continue its operations over the next twelve months. During 2022, revenues and margins continued to be pressured by inflationary costs including labor, materials, and transportation resulting in further operating losses. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with our debt covenants; however, our financial forecasts as of December 31, 2022 indicated insufficient cash flows from operations to address our near-term liquidity needs and maintain compliance with our debt covenants within one year following the date that our consolidated financial statements are issued.
As discussed further in Note 12 – Debt, during 2022, the Company executed a number of amendments to its debt instruments, including amendments to our 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement, Notes and Term Loan Credit Agreement and entered into a new Substitute Insurance Reimbursement Facility Agreement. Such amendments and agreement provided improved liquidity and runway to execute on business turnaround plans, support working capital needs and pursue potential strategic alternatives. While such amendments and agreements provided us with additional funding to meet our near-term liquidity needs and included a waiver of our debt covenants through June 30, 2023, there can be no assurance that (i) our lenders will provide additional waivers or amendments in the event of future non-compliance with our debt covenants, or other possible events of default that could happen, or (ii) that we will generate adequate liquidity to fund our operations, or to satisfy the obligations under our Notes and potential acceleration of debt maturities that may become due.
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Following the various amendments and agreement, we evaluated the Company’s liquidity within one year after the date of issuance of our consolidated financial statements to determine if there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the preparation of this liquidity assessment, we applied judgment to estimate the projected cash flows of the Company, including the following: (i) projected cash outflows, (ii) projected cash inflows, and (iii) excess availability level under the Company’s existing debt arrangements. The cash flow projections were based on known or planned cash requirements for operating and financing costs and include management’s best estimate regarding future customer activity levels, pricing for its services and for its supplies and other factors. Actual results could vary significantly from those projections. We do not believe, based on the Company’s forecast, that current working capital, cash flow from operations, and capital expenditure financing is sufficient to fund the operations, maintain compliance with our debt covenants (as amended), and satisfy the Company’s obligations, specifically with respect to the Notes described below, as they come due within one year after the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements.
Full disclosure of the going concern qualification appears in the notes to the financial statements, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices.
Weare subject to risks associated with indebtedness under our credit facilities, including the risk of failure to maintain compliance with financial covenants, the risk of being unable to make interest and principal payments when due and the risk of rising interest rates. Additionally, our significant debt and high leverage could have a negative impact on our financing options and liquidity position.
We have a significant amount of debt as discussed below, and our overall leverage and the terms of our financing arrangements could:
•limit our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, to fund growth or for general corporate purposes;
•make it more difficult for us to satisfy the terms of our debt obligations;
•make it more difficult for us to manage increases in interest rates;
•limit our ability to refinance our existing debt on terms acceptable to us, or at all;
•require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make interest and principal payments on our debt, thereby limiting the availability of our cash flow to fund future investments, capital expenditures, working capital, business activities and other general corporate requirements; and
•subject us to higher levels of indebtedness than our competitors, which may cause a competitive disadvantage and may reduce our flexibility in responding to increased competition.
Our ability to meet expenses and debt service obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic and other factors. If we do not generate enough cash to pay our debt service obligations, we may be required to refinance all or part of our debt, sell assets, borrow more money or raise additional equity capital.
Full disclosure of our debt appears underItem 7 – Liquidity, Capital Resources and Going Concern, Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practice, and Note 12 – Debt.
Our ability to maintain compliance with the financial covenants pursuant to the debt instruments we are party to is dependent upon our future operating performance and future financial condition, both of which are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Additionally, these risks and uncertainties may, among other factors, impact our ability to generate cash flows from operations, access the capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, and affect our future need or ability to borrow under our 2022 ABL Credit Facility. In addition to our current sources of funding our business, the effects of such events may impact our liquidity or our need to revise our allocation or sources of capital, implement further cost reduction measures and/or change our business strategy.
We rely primarily on cash flows from our operations to make required interest and principal payments on our debt. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from our operations, we may be unable to pay interest and principal obligations on our debt when they become due. Failure to comply with these obligations or failure to comply with the financial covenants discussed above could result in an event of default, which would permit our lenders to accelerate the repayment of the debt. If our lenders accelerate the repayment of debt, there is no assurance that we could refinance such debt on terms favorable to us or at all.
Our 2022 ABL Credit Facility and Term Loan bear interest at variable market rates. If market interest rates increase, our interest expense and cash flows could be adversely impacted. Based on borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2022, an increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points would increase our interest expense and decrease our operating cash flows by approximately $1.3 million on an annual basis.
Our 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Term Loan and Subordinated Term Loan restrict our ability to, among other items, incur additional indebtedness, engage in mergers, acquisitions and dispositions and alter the business conducted by us. These
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restrictions could adversely affect our ability to operate our businesses and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise.
Transactions relating to our convertible debt securities may dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders, or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock. The Notes are convertible into 189,682 shares of common stock. Upon conversion or maturity, we may settle the Notes in cash or in shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, in each case, at our election. If the Notes are converted, our current intent is to settle the principal amount of the Notes in cash; however, we cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient funds available to us at the time of any such conversions in order to effect settlement in that manner. In such case, we could elect to settle the conversion obligation in a different combination of cash and shares of common stock or entirely in shares of common stock, depending on the circumstances. To the extent we deliver shares of common stock upon conversion of the Notes, the ownership interests of existing stockholders would be diluted. Any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock.
Our largest stockholder owns a meaningful percentage of our outstanding equity securities, which could limit the ability of other stockholders to influence corporate matters. Our largest stockholder beneficially owned approximately 37.6% of the total voting power held by stockholders of our outstanding common stock as of March 10, 2023 (including PIPE Shares, as defined below, and shares issuable upon exercise of certain Warrants, as defined below, held by our largest stockholder in each case). As a result, this stockholder may be able to exert influence over our affairs and policies. This concentrated ownership could limit the ability of the remaining stockholders to influence corporate matters, and the interests of the large stockholders may not coincide with our interests or the interests of the remaining stockholders. The concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control.
Risks Related to Information Systems
Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or deficiencies in our cyber-security or those of third-party providers. In the ordinary course of our business, we continue to increase dependencies on digital technologies to conduct our business. Sensitive data is also transmitted on our networks and systems, including our intellectual property and proprietary information that is confidential to the business, to our customers and our business partners. We have also outsourced significant elements of our information technology infrastructure and, as a result, third parties may or could have access to our confidential information. The secure maintenance of this information is critical to our business and reputation. Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, ransomware, cyber fraud, natural disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the Internet, attachments to emails, persons inside our organization, or persons with access to systems inside our organization. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, encrypted, lost or stolen. Any such access, inappropriate disclosure of confidential or proprietary information or other loss of information, including our data being breached at third-party providers, could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or financial loss under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, disruption of our operations with increases in costs and decline in revenues, damage to intellectual property or our product development programs and damage to our reputation, which could adversely affect our business.
Furthermore, we and our third-party providers rely on electronic communications and information systems to conduct our operations. We and our third-party providers have been, and may continue to be, targeted by parties using fraudulent e-mails and other communications in attempts to misappropriate bank account information, passwords, or other personal information or to introduce viruses or other malware to our information systems. We currently maintain insurance related to cybersecurity breaches and are exploring a range of steps to enhance our security protections and prevent future unauthorized activity. Though we endeavor to mitigate these threats, cyber-attacks against us or our third-party providers and business partners remain a serious issue. The pervasiveness of cybersecurity incidents in general and the risks of cyber-crime are complex and continue to evolve. Fortunately, our cybersecurity posture continued to improve in 2022. Several cybersecurity areas were automated, including a significant increase in automation of system patching. Additionally, the company's attack surface was reduced by blocking remote logins from known high risk countries and physical logins by non-company devices at major company locations.
Interruptions in the proper functioning of our information systems could disrupt operations and cause increases in costs and/or decreases in revenues. The proper functioning of our information systems is critical to the successful operation of our business. Although our information systems are protected through physical and software safeguards, our information systems are still vulnerable to natural disasters, power losses, telecommunication failures and other problems. If critical information systems fail or are otherwise unavailable, our business operations could be adversely affected.
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Risks Related to Regulations
Unanticipated fluctuations in our effective tax rate and our tax obligations, changes in legislation or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns could adversely affect our financial results. We are subject to taxes in the U.S. and in various foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide income tax provision, which includes assessing the restrictions on tax credits, offset gains or repatriation of cash proceeds, tax assets and accruals for other taxes. There are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Our future effective income tax rates could be subject to volatility or adversely affected by our profit levels, changes in our business, reorganization of our business and operating structure, changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the elections we make or changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, as well as other factors. Additionally, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (“OECD”) Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (“BEPS”) project has resulted in considerable new reporting obligations worldwide as OECD member countries have implemented its guidance. The OECD continues to publish guidance pursuant to BEPS and other projects which, if adopted by member countries, may affect our tax positions in many of the countries in which we do business.
Our future effective tax rates could also be adversely affected by changes in tax laws, both domestically and internationally, or the interpretation of application thereof. From time to time, the U.S. Congress and foreign, state and local governments consider legislation that could increase our effective tax rate. On August 16, 2022, legislation commonly known as the Inflation Reduction Act (the “IRA”) was signed into law. Among other things, the IRA includes a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases, applicable to repurchases after December 31, 2022, as well as a new 15% corporate alternative minimum tax based on book income. We are in the process of evaluating the potential impacts of the IRA on us. Our analysis of the effect of the IRA on us is ongoing and incomplete, and it is possible that the IRA (or implementing regulations, which have not yet been issued, and initial guidance, which was issued on December 27, 2022) could adversely impact our current and deferred federal tax liability. We cannot determine whether, or in what form, other future tax legislation will ultimately be enacted or what impact any such legislation could have on our profitability.
We are also currently subject to audit in various jurisdictions, and these jurisdictions may assess additional income or other tax liabilities against us. Developments in an audit, litigation, or the relevant laws, regulations, administrative practices, principles, and interpretations could have a material effect on our operating results or cash flows in the period or periods for which that development occurs, as well as for prior and subsequent periods.
Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited. On February 2, 2022, the Company entered into a Section 382 Rights Agreement (the “Section 382 Rights Agreement”) with Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent, to facilitate our ability to preserve our net operating losses and certain other tax attributes. As of December 31, 2022, we had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes of $104.2 million. Of this amount, $3.7 million expires in various dates through 2037 and $100.5 million has an indefinite carryforward period. The Company’s ability to use its net operating losses and other tax attributes would be substantially limited if it experiences an “ownership change,” as such term is defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). A company generally experiences an ownership change if the percentage of the value of its stock owned by certain “5-percent shareholders,” as such term is defined in Section 382 of the Code, increases by more than 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. Our ability to use net operating losses to reduce future taxable income and liabilities may also be subject to annual limitations as a result of prior ownership changes and ownership changes that may occur in the future. The Section 382 Rights Agreement is intended to reduce the likelihood of an ownership change under Section 382 of the Code by deterring any Person (as such term is defined in the Section 382 Rights Agreement) or group of affiliated or associated Persons from acquiring beneficial ownership of 4.9% or more of our outstanding common shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, even if the Section 382 Rights Agreement deters an ownership change, it is possible that we will not generate taxable income in time to use such net operating losses before their expiration, or at all.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”), as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, among other things, includes changes to the rules governing our U.S. federal net operating losses. Net operating losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 are subject to an 80% of taxable income limitation (as calculated before taking the net operating losses into account) for tax years beginning after December 31, 2020. In addition, net operating losses arising in tax years 2018, 2019, and 2020 are subject to a five-year carryback and indefinite carryforward, while net operating losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2020 also are subject to indefinite carryforward but cannot be carried back. Not all states conform to the Tax Act or CARES Act and some states have varying conformity to the Tax Act or CARES Act. In future years, if and when a net deferred tax asset is recognized related to our net operating losses, the changes in the carryforward/carryback periods as well as the new limitation on use of net operating losses may significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for net operating losses generated after December 31, 2017. As such there is a risk that due to regulatory changes, such as suspensions on the use of net operating losses or other unforeseen developments, our existing net operating losses could expire or otherwise be unavailable to reduce future income tax liabilities, including for state
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tax purposes. For these reasons, we may not be able to utilize some portion of our net operating losses even if we attain profitability.
Ouroperations and properties are subject to extensive environmental, health and safety regulations. We are subject to a variety of U.S. federal, state, local and international laws and regulations relating to the environment, and worker health and safety, among other things. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently, are becoming increasingly stringent, and can impose substantial sanctions for violations or require operational changes that may limit our services. We must conform our operations to comply with applicable regulatory requirements and adapt to changes in such requirements in all locations in which we operate. These requirements can be expected to increase the overall costs of providing our services over time. Some of our services involve handling or monitoring highly regulated materials, including volatile organic compounds or hazardous wastes. Environmental laws and regulations generally impose limitations and standards for the characterization, handling, disposal, discharge or emission of regulated materials and require us to obtain permits and comply with various other requirements. The improper characterization, handling, or disposal of regulated materials or any other failure by us to comply with increasingly complex and strictly-enforced federal, state, local, and international environmental, health and safety laws and regulations or associated permits could subject us to the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of investigatory or remedial obligations or capital expenditure requirements, or the issuance of injunctions that could restrict or prevent our ability to operate our business and complete contracted services. A defect in our services or faulty workmanship could result in an environmental liability if, as a result of the defect or faulty workmanship, a contaminant is released into the environment. In addition, the modification or interpretation of existing environmental, health and safety laws or regulations, the more vigorous enforcement of existing laws or regulations, or the adoption of new laws or regulations may also negatively impact industries in which our clients operate, which in turn could have a negative impact on us.
Our business is subject to risks arising from climate change, including climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of “greenhouse gases,” changes in consumer preferences and technology and physical impacts of climate change, all of which could have a negative impact on our business and results of operations. There has been an increased focus in the last several years on climate change in response to findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases present an endangerment to public health and the environment. As a result, there have been a variety of regulatory developments, proposals or requirements and legislative initiatives that have been introduced in the U.S. and other parts of the world that are focused on restricting the emission of greenhouse gases. The current Presidential administration has also emphasized its intention to actively pursue its policy goals of addressing global climate change through significant economy-wide reductions in greenhouse gases and hastening the transition from carbon-based energy sources. The adoption of new or more stringent legislation or regulatory programs limiting greenhouse gas emissions from clients, particularly those in refining and petrochemical industries, for whom we provide repair and maintenance services, or reducing the demand for those clients’ products, could in turn affect demand for our products and services. Similarly, changing consumer preferences for goods or services relating to alternative sources of energy or emissions reductions and technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices or other technological advances could materially affect our clients, which in turn could negatively impact demand for our services and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Additionally, some of our clients are modifying their plants and facilities and may adopt new technology in efforts to better align their operations and products with energy transition issues, but there is no assurance that such modified facilities or technological advancements will require the same level of services and products that we currently provide. In addition, our manufacturing centers use electricity generated by burning fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide. Increased energy or compliance costs and expenses as a result of any increased legal or regulatory requirements to limit and/or track GHG emissions may cause disruptions in, or an increase in the costs associated with, the manufacturing and distribution of our products.
Finally, most scientists have concluded that increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere may produce physical effects of climate change, such as increased severity and frequency of storms, droughts, floods and other climate events. Such climate events have the potential to adversely affect our operations or those of our clients or suppliers, which in turn could have a negative effect on us, including by adversely impacting our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Such events, if increasing in their severity and frequency, may also adversely affect our ability to insure against the risks associated with such events, thus leading to greater financial risk for us in the conduct of our operations against the backdrop of such events.
We are subject to privacy and data security/protection laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate and may be exposed to substantial costs and liabilities associated with such laws and regulations. The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with frequent imposition of new and changing requirements. Compliance with changes in privacy and information security laws and standards may result in significant expense due to increased investment in technology and the development of new operational processes, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the payment of potentially significant fines or penalties in the event of a breach or other privacy and information security laws, as well as the negative publicity associated with such a breach, could damage our reputation and adversely impact product demand and client relationships.
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Risks Related to Legal Liability
Our insurance coverage will not fully indemnify us against certain claims or losses. Further, our insurance has limits and exclusions and not all losses or claims are insured. We perform services in hazardous environments on or around high-pressure, high temperature systems and our employees are exposed to a number of hazards, including exposure to hazardous materials, explosion hazards and fire hazards. Incidents that occur at these large industrial facilities or systems, regardless of fault, may be catastrophic and adversely impact our employees and third parties by causing serious personal injury, loss of life, damage to property or the environment, and interruption of operations. Our contracts typically require us to indemnify our clients for injury, damage or loss arising out of our presence at our clients’ location, regardless of fault, or the performance of our services and provide for warranties for materials and workmanship. We may also be required to name the client as an additional insured under our insurance policies. We maintain limited insurance coverage against these and other risks associated with our business. Due to the high cost of general liability coverage, we maintain insurance with a self-insured retention of $1.0 million and a deductible of $4.0 million per occurrence. This insurance may not protect us against liability for certain events, including events involving pollution, product or professional liability, losses resulting from business interruption or acts of terrorism or damages from our breach of contract. We cannot assure you that our insurance will be adequate in risk coverage or policy limits to cover all losses or liabilities that we may incur. Moreover, in the future, due to evolving market conditions, our higher risk profile due to the nature of our operations and claims history, and expected impact on pricing, we cannot assure that we will be able to maintain insurance at levels of risk coverage or policy limits that we deem adequate. Any future damages caused by our products or services that are not covered by insurance or are in excess of policy limits could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
We are involved and are likely to continue to be involved in legal proceedings, which will increase our costs and, if adversely determined, could have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. We are currently a defendant in legal proceedings arising from the operation of our business and it is reasonable to expect that we will be named in future actions. Most of the legal proceedings against us arise out of the normal course of performing services at client facilities, and include claims for workers’ compensation, personal injury and property damage. Legal proceedings can be expensive to defend and can divert the attention of management and other personnel for significant periods of time, regardless of the ultimate outcome. An unsuccessful defense of a liability claim could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
General Risk Factors
Other risk factors may include interruption of our operations, or the operations of our clients due to fire, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, power loss, war, political or civil unrest, telecommunications failure, terrorist attacks, labor disruptions, health epidemics and other events beyond our control.
Any of these factors, individually or in combination, could materially and adversely affect our future results of operations, financial position, cash flows and/or stock price and could also affect whether any forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K ultimately prove to be accurate.
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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We provide our services globally through more than 150 locations and 20 countries throughout the world. There are several materially important physical properties used in our operations. We own a facility in Alvin, Texas that consists of our primary training facility, equipment center and ISO-9001 certified manufacturing facility for clamps, enclosures, and sealants. Additionally, we operate two manufacturing facilities in Houston, Texas (one of which is owned and the other is leased), which are included in our MS segment. Further, we lease office space for our corporate headquarters in Sugar Land, Texas and leased office space for our Quest Integrity segment headquarters in Kent, Washington, until its sale on November 1, 2022. Additional district service locations considered materially important in our IHT and MS segments are as follows. We lease facilities in Mobile, Alabama; Benicia, California; Harbor City, California; Hammond, Indiana; Columbus, Ohio; Pasadena, Texas (two locations); and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. We own a facility in Pasadena, Texas; a facility in Vlissingen, Netherlands and three facilities in the United Kingdom in Kendal, Carlisle and Scunthorpe.
We believe that our property and equipment are adequate for our current needs, although additional investments are expected to be made for expansion of property and equipment and replacement of assets at the end of their useful lives.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Information regarding our legal proceedings can be found in Note 17 Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “TISI”.
Holders
There were 447 holders of record of our common stock as of March 10, 2023, excluding beneficial owners of stock held in street name.
Dividends
No cash dividends were declared or paid during the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021. We are limited in our ability to pay cash dividends without the consent of our lenders. Accordingly, we have no present intention to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Additionally, any future dividend payments will continue to depend on our financial condition, market conditions and other matters deemed relevant by the Board.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
RESERVED
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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is provided as a supplement to the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes to help provide an understanding of our financial condition, changes in financial condition, and results of operations. The following should be read in conjunction with Item 1 “Business,” Item 1A “Risk Factors,” Item 2 “Properties,” and Item 8 “Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingency, goals, targets or future developments and/or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. See Item 1 at the beginning of this Annual Report.
Overview of Business
We are a global, leading provider of specialty industrial services offering clients access to a full suite of conventional, specialized, and proprietary mechanical, heat-treating, and inspection services. We deploy conventional to highly specialized inspection, condition assessment, maintenance and repair services that result in greater safety, reliability and operational efficiency for our clients’ most critical assets. Prior to the sale of our Quest Integrity segment (“Quest Integrity”) as discussed below, we conducted operations in three segments: Inspection and Heat Treating (“IHT”), Mechanical Services (“MS”) and Quest Integrity. We currently conduct operations in two segments. Through the capabilities and resources in these two segments, we believe that we are uniquely qualified to provide integrated solutions involving: inspection to assess condition; engineering assessment to determine fitness for purpose in the context of industry standards and regulatory codes; and mechanical services to repair, rerate or replace based upon the client’s election. In addition, we are capable of escalating with the client’s needs, as dictated by the severity of the damage found and the related operating conditions, from standard services to some of the most advanced services and integrated asset integrity and reliability management solutions available in the industry. We also believe that we are unique in our ability to provide these services in three distinct client demand profiles: (i) turnaround or project services, (ii) call-out services, and (iii) nested or run-and-maintain services.
Significant Factors Impacting Results and Recent Developments
Our revenues, gross margins and other results of operations can be influenced by a variety of factors in any given period, including those described in Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements above and Part 1, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” included in this report and have caused fluctuations in our results in the past and are expected to cause fluctuations in our results in the future. Additional information with respect to certain factors are described below.
Reverse Stock Split. On November 2, 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved a proposal to authorize the Board to implement a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock at a ratio of one-for-ten (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Board approved the Reverse Stock Split on December 9, 2022, which became effective on December 21, 2022. At the effective time, every ten issued and outstanding shares of common stock were converted into one share of common stock. The common stock began trading on a reverse split-adjusted basis on the NYSE at the opening of trading on December 22, 2022. The Reverse Stock Split also effected a proportionate reduction in the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 120,000,000 shares to 12,000,000 shares, and reduced the number of shares of common stock outstanding from 43,429,089 shares to 4,342,909 shares.
All issued and outstanding common stock and per share amounts contained in the financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect this Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented. In addition, a proportionate adjustment was made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise and/or vesting of all outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and warrants to purchase shares of common stock. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive compensation plans to reflect the Reverse Stock Split. Any fraction of a share of common stock that was created as a result of the Reverse Stock Split was rounded up to the next whole share. The common stock par value and additional paid-in-capital line items contained in the financial statements were adjusted to account for the Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented.
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Market Conditions Update. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the lingering impact of COVID-19 had less effect on our workforce and operations, as well as the operations of our clients, suppliers and contractors. However, the global economy, including the financial and credit markets, has recently experienced significant volatility and disruptions, including increases in inflation rates, rising interest rates, disruption to global supply chains, declines in economic growth, volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, and uncertainty about economic stability. The severity and duration of the impact of these conditions on our business cannot be predicted. See Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K “Risk Factors” for additional information.
Under the CARES Act we qualified to defer the employer portion of social security taxes incurred through the end of calendar year 2020. We deferred total employer payroll taxes of $14.1 million and paid $7.0 million of the deferred payroll taxes in January 2022, transferred $0.5 million of such obligation as part of the Quest Integrity sale transaction to the buyer in November 2022, and paid the remaining amount of $6.6 million, outstanding as of December 31, 2022, in January 2023. Additionally, other governments in jurisdictions where we operate passed legislation to provide employers with relief programs, which included wage subsidy grants, deferral of certain payroll related expenses and tax payments and other benefits. As these other governments review compliance with their relief programs, we may be required to return a portion of these funds. We elected to treat qualified government subsidies from Canada and other governments as offsets to the related expenses. As a result, we recognized $0.6 million and $0.1 million as a reduction to operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. We recognized $6.2 million and $1.5 million as a reduction to operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. We also deferred certain payroll related expenses and tax payments under other foreign government programs. We had $2.1 million and $3.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to these foreign deferrals.
Goodwill Impairment. With the sale of Quest Integrity, as discussed above, as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no goodwill on the Company’s balance sheets related to continuing operations. The only segment with goodwill was Quest Integrity, which is included in discontinued operations. There was no goodwill impairment charge during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, however, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, we recognized a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $55.8 million in our MS operating segment and a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $8.8 million in the discontinued operations of the Quest Integrity segment. These charges were a result of a goodwill impairment test that was triggered as a result of certain impairment indicators present during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 and the related continued curtailment of operations, decline in our forecast, continued declines in our stock price, reporting unit operating losses, and continued declines in the reporting units’ net sales compared to forecast.
Recent Financing Transactions. During 2022 the Company executed a number of amendments to its debt instruments, including amendments to our 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement and entered into a new Substitute Insurance Reimbursement Facility Agreement. See Note 12 - Debt to the consolidated financial statements for additional details related to these amendments.
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Results of Operations
The following is a comparison of our results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021
The following table sets forth the components of revenue and operating income (loss) from our operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
Twelve Months Ended December 31, Increase(Decrease)
Revenues by business segment:
Operating income (loss):
Loss on warrants — 59 (59) NM2
_________________
1 Includes goodwill impairment charge of $55.8 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021.
2 NM - Not meaningful.
Revenues. Total revenues increased $46.0 million or 5.8% from the same period in the prior year. Total revenue was negatively impacted by $15.0 million in unfavorable foreign exchange rates during 2022. IHT revenues increased by $7.2 million or 1.7% and MS revenue increased by $38.8 million or 10.2%. IHT segment’s revenue increased primarily due to higher turnaround and nested activity in the United States compared to prior year, partially offset by a decrease in revenue in Canada. MS revenues increased primarily due to higher activity in our U.S. and Latin American operations related to leak repair, hot tapping services, and the U.S. valve business, partially offset by decreases in international revenue due to non-repeating project work in the United Kingdom in 2021.
Operating income (loss). Overall operating loss was $39.8 million, compared to an operating loss of $126.9 million in the prior year. The overall decrease in operating loss is mainly attributable to the MS segment which recorded a $55.8 million goodwill impairment charge in the prior year. Additionally, there was a $2.5 million improvement in the Canadian MS business, a $3.2 million improvement in the valve business, and efficiency gains realized in the equipment centers, manufacturing, and engineering. This was partially offset by $1.4 million decrease in COVID-19 related subsidies in the current year compared to prior year. IHT operating income increased by $4.1 million driven primarily by a $9.3 million improvement in the U.S. due to higher activity and related revenue realization and savings in overhead costs, partially offset by the completion of a significant Canadian customer contract in the first quarter of 2022 and COVID-19 related subsidies received in 2021, which were not received in 2022. Corporate operating loss decreased by $14.3 million due to lower professional fees and legal fees in the current year compared to prior year and lower overall costs due to the Company’s cost reduction efforts. The impact of our cost reduction efforts have been partially offset by continued cost inflation in several areas across all segments, such as raw materials, transportation, and labor costs.
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Operating loss for the current year includes net expenses totaling $20.4 million that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating activities, while the same period in the prior year included $74.7 million of such items.
IHT MS Corporate and shared support services Total
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021
Professional fees and other1 $ — $ — $ 8,882 $ 8,882
______________________
1 The twelve months ended December 31, 2022, includes $10.2 million debt financing costs, $1.0 million of corporate support costs with the remaining amount related to other project costs. The twelve months ended December 31, 2021, includes $1.9 million Operating Group Reorganization costs (exclusive of restructuring costs), $3.9 million debt financing costs and $2.8 million of corporate support costs.
2 Primarily relates to accrued legal matters and other legal fees related to debt restructuring and other non-routine maters..
3 2022 severance charges represent costs associated with executive departures and our ongoing cost reduction efforts across multiple segments. 2021 severance charges represent costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization and other continuing restructuring measures.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, Increase(Decrease)
Operating income (loss), excluding non-core expenses:
______________________
1 NM - Not meaningful.
Excluding the impact of non-core expenses, the increase in our segment operating income is primarily attributable to our MS segment, which experienced an increase in operating income of $13.0 million. The operating income increase in MS was largely attributable to a $2.5 million improvement in the Canada business, a $5.7 million improvement in the valve business, and efficiency gains realized in the equipment centers, manufacturing, and engineering; partially offset by lack of COVID-19 related subsidies in the current year compared to the prior year. Corporate and shared support service expense decreased by $16.1 million, primarily due to the Company’s ongoing cost reduction efforts.
Interest expense, net. Interest expense increased by $39.0 million compared to the prior year, primarily due to $21.8 million in increased amortization of deferred financing costs during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. As a result of the various maturity triggering events related to the August 1, 2023 maturity of our Convertible Notes and the related uncertainty around our ability to repay the Notes when due, the amortization period for deferred financing costs, debt and warrant discounts, and debt issuance costs was shortened to reflect the accelerated maturity dates. Even though the outstanding principal amount of debt reduced as of December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021 due to the pay down on the APSC Term Loan on November 2, 2022, there was an increase in the outstanding debt during most of the year primarily attributable to the debt financing executed in the first quarter of 2022, resulting in an increase in interest expense. Refer to Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices for additional liquidity and going concern discussion.
Loss on debt extinguishment. Loss on debt extinguishment for the year ended December 31, 2022 represented a $30.1 million loss due to partial payoff of the Term Loan which consisted of $12.4 million of cash fees and early payment
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premium and $17.7 million of noncash write off of the unamortized balance of the related deferred insurance cost, and debt and warrant discounts.
Other expense (income), net. Other expense, net increased $11.2 million, from the same period in the prior year, primarily due to foreign currency transaction gains and gains on disposal of fixed assets in the current year compared to the prior year. Foreign currency transaction gains in the current year period reflect the effects of fluctuations in the U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currencies to which we have exposure.
Taxes. The provision for income tax was $3.3 million on the pre-tax loss from continuing operations of $146.8 million in the current year compared to the provision for income tax of $8.8 million on pre-tax loss from continuing operations of $176.1 million in the prior year. The effective tax rate was a provision of 2.3% for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 5.0% for the year ended December 31, 2021. The higher effective rate in 2021 is primarily attributable to the goodwill impairment loss taken during the year, a portion of which is not deductible for tax purposes and an increase in the valuation allowance.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations
We use supplemental non-GAAP financial measures which are derived from the consolidated financial information including adjusted net income (loss); adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share, earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”); adjusted EBIT (defined below); adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”) and free cash flow to supplement financial information presented on a GAAP basis.
We define adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share and adjusted EBIT to exclude the following items: costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization (as defined in Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements), non-routine legal costs and settlements, non-routine professional fees, restructuring charges, certain severance charges, goodwill impairment charges and certain other items that we believe are not indicative of core operating activities. Consolidated adjusted EBIT, as defined by us, excludes the costs excluded from adjusted net income (loss) as well as income tax expense (benefit), interest charges, foreign currency (gain) loss, and items of other (income) expense. Consolidated adjusted EBITDA further excludes from consolidated adjusted EBIT depreciation, amortization and non-cash share-based compensation costs. Segment adjusted EBIT is equal to segment operating income (loss) excluding costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization, non-routine legal costs and settlements, non-routine professional fees, restructuring charges, certain severance charges, goodwill impairment charges and certain other items as determined by management. Segment adjusted EBITDA further excludes from segment adjusted EBIT depreciation, amortization, and non-cash share-based compensation costs. Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities minus capital expenditures.
Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to both management and investors in their analysis of our financial position and results of operations. In particular, adjusted net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share, consolidated adjusted EBIT, and consolidated adjusted EBITDA are meaningful measures of performance which are commonly used by industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies to analyze operating performance in our industry, perform analytical comparisons, benchmark performance between periods, and measure our performance against externally communicated targets. Our segment adjusted EBIT and segment adjusted EBITDA is also used as a basis for the Chief Operating Decision Maker to evaluate the performance of our reportable segments. Free cash flow is used by our management and investors to analyze our ability to service and repay debt and return value directly to stakeholders.
Non-GAAP measures have important limitations as analytical tools because they exclude some, but not all, items that affect net earnings and operating income. These measures should not be considered substitutes for their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures and should be read only in conjunction with financial information presented on a GAAP basis. Further, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies who may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes. The liquidity measure of free cash flow does not represent a precise calculation of residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. Reconciliations of each non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure are presented below.
The following tables set forth the reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income (Loss), EBIT and EBITDA to their most comparable GAAP financial measurements:
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
(unaudited, in thousands except per share data)
Three Months EndedDecember 31, Twelve Months EndedDecember 31,
Adjusted Net Income (Loss):
Natural disaster insurance recovery4 (324) — (1,196) —
Loss on warrants — 59 — 59
Goodwill impairment charge — — — 55,837
Tax impact of adjustments and other net tax items5 (48) (18) (79) (386)
Adjusted net loss per common share:
Consolidated Adjusted EBIT and Adjusted EBITDA:
Loss on warrants — 59 — 59
Natural disaster insurance recovery4 (324) — (1,196) —
Goodwill impairment charge — — — 55,837
Depreciation and amortization
Free Cash Flow:
____________________________________
1 The three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, includes $1.8 million and $10.2 million, respectively, related to costs associated with debt financing, $1.0 million of corporate support costs for the year ended December 31, 2022 and other project costs. The three and twelve months ended December 31, 2021, includes $0.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization (exclusive of restructuring costs). Additionally, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, $3.9 million was related to costs associated with debt financing and $2.8 million of corporate support costs.
2 Primarily relates to accrued legal matters, adjustments to legal reserves and other legal fees related to debt restructuring and other non-routine matters.
3 2022 severance charges represent costs associated with executive departures and our ongoing cost reduction efforts across multiple segments. 2021 severance charges represent costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization and other continuing restructuring measures.
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4 Amount represent the insurance recovery received during the year for hurricane damage incurred in prior year.
5 Represents the tax effect of the adjustments. Beginning in Q2 2021, we began using the statutory tax rate, net of valuation allowance by legal entity to determine the tax effect of the adjustments. Prior to Q2 2021, we used an assumed marginal tax rate of 21%. We have updated the 2021 prior period tax impact to use the statutory tax rate by legal entity, net of valuation allowance.
6 Represents pension credit for the U.K. pension plan based on the difference between the expected return on plan assets and the amount of the discounted pension liability. The pension plan was frozen in 1994 and no new participants have been added since that date. Accruals for future benefits ceased in connection with a plan curtailment in 2013.
7 Represents loss on partial payoff of the APSC Term Loan consisting $12.4 million of cash fees and premium and the noncash write off of the unamortized balance of deferred issuance cost and warrant and debt discounts in the amount of $17.7 million.
TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (Continued)
(unaudited, in thousands)
Three Months EndedDecember 31, Twelve Months EndedDecember 31,
IHT
MS
Goodwill impairment loss — — — 55,837
Corporate and shared support services
Loss on warrants — 59 — 59
Natural disaster insurance recovery2 (324) — (1,196) —
_________________
1 2022 severance charges represent costs associated with executive departures and ongoing cost reduction efforts across multiple segments. 2021 severance charges represent costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization and other continuing restructuring measures.
2 Amount represents the insurance recovery for hurricane damage incurred in prior year.
3 Represents loss on partial payoff of the APSC Term Loan consisting $12.4 million of cash fees and premium and the noncash write off of the unamortized balance of deferred issuance cost and warrant and debt discounts in the amount of $17.7 million.
4 Represents pension credit for the U.K. pension plan based on the difference between the expected return on plan assets and the amount of the discounted pension liability. The pension plan was frozen in 1994 and no new participants have been added since that date. Accruals for future benefits ceased in connection with a plan curtailment in 2013.
5 For the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, includes $1.8 million and $10.2 million, respectively, related to costs associated with debt financing, $1.0 million of corporate support costs for the year ended December 31, 2022 and other project costs. For the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2021, includes $0.2
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million and $1.9 million, respectively, of costs associated with the Operating Group Reorganization (exclusive of restructuring costs). $3.9 million associated with debt financing and $2.8 million of corporate support costs.
6 Primarily relates to accrued legal matters, adjustments to legal reserves and other legal fees related to debt restructuring and other non-routine matters.
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Going Concern.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the twelve-month period following the issue date of these consolidated financial statements. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on many factors, including among other things, our ability to comply with the covenants in our debt agreements, our ability to cure any defaults that occur under our debt agreements, or forbearances with respect to any such defaults, and our ability to pay, retire, amend, replace or refinance our indebtedness as defaults occur or as interest and principal payments come due. Liquidity risk is the risk that we will be unable to meet our financial obligations as they become due. Our liquidity may be affected by improvements or declines in commodity prices, our segments’ operational performance, and our ability to access capital and credit markets.
We evaluated our liquidity within one year after the date of issuance of the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements to determine if there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the preparation of this liquidity assessment, we applied judgment to estimate the projected cash flows of the Company, including the following: (i) projected cash outflows, (ii) projected cash inflows, and (iii) projected availability under the Company’s existing debt arrangements. The cash flow projections were based on known or planned cash requirements for operating and financing costs and include management’s best estimate regarding future customer activity levels, pricing for its services and for its supplies and other factors. Actual results could vary significantly from those projections. We do not believe, based on the Company’s forecast, that current working capital, cash flow from operations, expected availability under our existing credit agreements and capital expenditure financing is sufficient to fund the operations, maintain compliance with our debt covenants (as amended), and satisfy the Company’s obligations, specifically with respect to the Notes described below, as they come due within one year after the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements.
We are exploring alternatives to reduce or refinance the Notes outstanding balance, including extending their maturity as well as other alternatives. There is no assurance that we will be able to execute a reduction, extension, or refinancing of the Notes or that the terms of any replacement financing would be as favorable as the terms of the Notes prior to the maturity date. Under the terms of our amended financing arrangements that were entered into during 2022, the Maturity Reserve Trigger Date (as defined in the 2022 ABL Credit Agreement), and the Maturity Trigger Date (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement), collectively referred to as the “Trigger Date” is June 17, 2023, see to Note 12 - Debt for additional information. Therefore, the Notes balance must be paid down to less than $10.0 million by June 17, 2023.
The failure to pay down the Notes to less than $10.0 million would (i) trigger the early maturity of our Term Loan Credit Agreement pursuant to the Trigger Date concept, and (ii) permit the administrative agent under the 2022 ABL Credit Agreement to implement a borrowing base reserve in an amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes on such date. A required repayment of the Term Loan Credit Agreement in accordance with the Trigger Date concept would in turn trigger a requirement to repay the Subordinated Term Loans pursuant to the Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement 14 days after repayment in full of the Term Loan Credit Agreement. Refer to Note 12 - Debt for more information on the terms and maturity dates of our debt that may affect our future liquidity. There is no assurance that we would be able to make such payments, and failure to make such payments would result in events of default under the applicable credit facility and associated cross defaults under the Company’s other debt instruments. Without the execution of a refinancing transaction, an agreement to extend the Notes maturity date, and/or amendments to our existing debt agreements there is a risk that the Company could be, among other things, unable to make principal payments on the Notes when they become due on August 1, 2023. Failure to pay the Notes off at the maturity date on August 1, 2023 will result in an event of default under the Notes and the associated cross defaults noted above under the Company’s other debt instruments.
As of December 31, 2022 we are in compliance with our debt covenants. Our ability to maintain compliance with the financial covenants contained in the 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Term Loan Credit Agreement, and Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement is dependent upon our future operating performance and future financial condition, both of which are subject to various risks and uncertainties. The lingering effects of COVID-19, the threat of recession and related economic repercussions could have a significant adverse effect on our financial position and business condition, as well as our clients and suppliers. Additionally, these events may, among other factors, impact our ability to generate cash flows from operations, access the capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, and affect our future need or ability to borrow under our 2022 ABL Credit Facility. In addition to our current sources of funding our business, the effects of such events may impact our liquidity or
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our need to revise our allocation or sources of capital, implement further cost reduction measures and/or change our business strategy. Political economic repercussions could have a broad range of effects on our liquidity sources and will depend on future developments and cannot be predicted at this time.
As a result of our current liquidity condition, the potential inability to negotiate an extension or amend the financial covenants, substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is raised. We are evaluating and will continue to explore strategic alternatives to a refinancing transaction or the reduction of the debt, including negotiating amendments to our credit facilities and the financial covenants contained therein, the sale of assets, or other alternative financing transactions. While our lenders agreed on an extension and amended the financial covenants in prior periods, there can be no assurance that our lenders will provide additional extensions, waivers or amendments in the event of future non-compliance with our debt covenants, or other possible events of default. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities, and reported expenses that may be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
Financing for our operations consists primarily of our 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Term Loan, Subordinated Term Loan (as defined herein) and cash flows attributable to our operations. As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $52.4 million of borrowing capacity consisting of $42.4 million available under the 2022 ABL Credit Facility and $10.0 million available under the Corre Delayed Draw Term Loan. Our principal uses of cash are for working capital needs and operations. We have entered into the recent financing transactions (as further described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices and Note 12 – Debt) and certain amendments thereto to address our near-term liquidity needs, and we have taken definitive actions to reduce costs, improve operations, profitability, and liquidity, and position the Company for future growth; however, we have suffered recurring operating losses and subsequent to year-end, we had reduced borrowing capacity to fund our increasing working capital needs.
As of March 13, 2023, we had consolidated cash and cash equivalents of $31.3 million, excluding $6.7 million restricted mainly as collateral for outstanding letters of credit and our purchasing card programs, and approximately $35.7 million of undrawn availability under our various credit facilities, resulting in total liquidity of $67.0 million.
Refer to Note 12 - Debt for information on our debt instruments.
Cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 totaled $58.1 million. $16.3 million of the $58.1 million of cash and cash equivalents was in foreign accounts, primarily in Europe, Canada and Australia, including $1.4 million of cash located in countries where currency restrictions exist.
Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2021 totaled $65.3 million ($55.2 million related to continuing operations), of which $4.1 million was restricted for interest due on the Term Loan. Additionally, $23.8 million of the $65.3 million ($14.2 million of the $55.2 million related to continuing operations) of cash and cash equivalents was in foreign accounts, primarily in Europe, Canada and Australia, including $4.0 million ($2.4 million related to continuing operations) of cash located in countries where currency restrictions exist.
Cash flows attributable to our operating activities. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in operating activities was $57.9 million. We had net income of $70.1 million, adjusting for the gain on sale of Quest Integrity of $203.4 million and a decrease in working capital of $30.2 million, partially offset by the effect of depreciation and amortization of $37.6 million, loss on debt extinguishment of $17.7 million, amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount of $35.5 million and paid in kind interest of $18.2 million resulted in negative operating cash flow.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in operating activities was $35.5 million. We incurred a net loss of $186.0 million, and the goodwill impairment of $64.6 million, the effect of depreciation and amortization of $41.5 million, non-cash compensation cost of $7.0 million, amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount of $13.8 million and deferred income taxes of $4.5 million primarily due to net tax refunds, resulted in negative operating cash flow.
Cash flows attributable to our investing activities. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash provided by investing activities was $243.4 million, consisting primarily of net proceeds from sale of Quest Integrity of $260.8 million and net proceeds from asset disposals of $7.2 million, partially offset by $24.7 million of capital expenditures.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in investing activities was $14.1 million, consisting primarily of $17.6 million of capital expenditures. Capital expenditures can vary depending upon specific client needs that may arise.
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Cash flows attributable to our financing activities. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in financing activities was $192.0 million, consisting primarily of $224.9 million payoff on the APSC term loan, $62.0 million of net payments under the 2020 ABL Credit Facility and $13.7 million of term loan debt issuance costs, partially offset by net borrowings on our 2022 ABL Credit Facility of $64.9 million and borrowings of $35.0 million under the Corre Delayed Draw Term Loan.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities was $91.9 million, consisting primarily of $10.5 million of term loan debt issuance costs, and $0.2 million in withholding tax payments related to share-based compensation, offset by net borrowings on our 2020 ABL Facility of $53.0 million and borrowings of $50.0 million under the Subordinated Term Loan Facility.
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash was a negative impact of $0.7 million. The negative impact in the current year is primarily attributable to unfavorable fluctuations in U.S. dollar exchange rates with the Canadian dollar, the Euro, the British pound, the Australian dollar and Mexican peso.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash was a negative impact of $1.6 million. The negative impact in 2021 is primarily attributable to unfavorable fluctuations in U.S. dollar exchange rates with the Canadian dollar, the euro, the British pound, the Australian dollar and Mexican peso.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The process of preparing financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires our management to make estimates and judgments. It is possible that materially different amounts could be recorded if these estimates and judgments change or if actual results differ from these estimates and judgments. We believe that the following critical accounting policies comprise the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill. As of December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, there was no goodwill on the Company’s balance sheets related to continuing operations. The only reporting unit with goodwill was Quest Integrity, which is included in discontinued operations.
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair values attributed to underlying net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets. We test goodwill each year on December 1 for impairment at a reporting unit level, however, due to the sale of Quest Integrity, as discussed above, there was no goodwill remaining on the Company’s balance sheet that required an annual recoverability assessment. In addition, Goodwill is also tested for impairment whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, our assessment of qualitative indicators associated with our interim and annual goodwill impairment tests indicated an impairment existed as the carrying value of the MS reporting unit exceeded its fair value. As a result, we recorded a goodwill impairment of $55.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. We also recorded goodwill impairment of $8.8 million on our discontinued operations during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Income taxes. We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, we determine deferred tax assets and liabilities on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of the change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If we determine that we would be unable to realize our deferred tax assets, we would make an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
We establish reserves for uncertain tax positions when it is not more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon challenge. When facts and circumstances change, we adjust these reserves through our provision for income taxes. To the extent interest and penalties may be assessed by taxing authorities on any related underpayment of income tax, such amounts have been accrued and are classified as a component of income tax expense.
New Accounting Principles
For information about newly adopted accounting principles as well as information about new accounting principles pending adoption, see Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and practices to the consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item 7A.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
FINANCIAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 185) 36
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 38
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 44
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Team, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Team, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s current liquidity position and projected noncompliance with financial covenants raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Evaluation of accounting for income taxes
As discussed in Note 1 and Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognized $3.3 million of deferred tax liabilities, net as of December 31, 2022. The Company’s provision for income taxes from continuing operations was $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company conducts business globally and consequently is subject to U.S. federal, state, and foreign income taxes in the jurisdictions in which it operates. The Company exercises judgment in the application of complex tax regulations in multiple jurisdictions.
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We identified the evaluation of accounting for income taxes as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the Company’s application of current tax regulations and the impact of those regulations on the U.S. federal tax provision required complex auditor judgment and the use of tax professionals with specialized skills.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We involved tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in evaluating the Company’s analyses over the application of current tax regulations and the Company’s interpretation of tax regulations.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.
Houston, Texas
March 14, 2023
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31,
ASSETS
Current assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 65,679 56,063
Current assets associated with discontinued operations — 83,096
Defined benefit pension asset 398 2,902
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations $ 280,993 $ 667
Current portion of operating lease obligations 13,823 15,412
Income tax payable 2,257 —
Current liabilities associated with discontinued operations — 16,396
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations 4,942 405,184
Commitments and contingencies
Equity:
Preferred stock, 500,000 shares authorized, none issued — —
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (38,997) (26,732)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Twelve Months EndedDecember 31,
Restructuring and other related charges, net (see Note 19) 16 2,535
Goodwill impairment charge (see Note 9) — 55,837
Loss on warrants — (59)
Loss on debt extinguishment (30,083) —
Other income (expense), net 8,156 (3,052)
Provision for income taxes (see Note 11) (3,306) (8,773)
Discontinued operations:
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share:
Loss from continuing operations (35.85) (59.67)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations 52.58 (0.38)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding:
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)
Twelve Months EndedDecember 31,
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment (6,589) (2,213)
Defined benefit pension plans:
Net actuarial (loss) gain arising during period (6,632) 4,048
Settlement cost during period — 67
Amortization of prior service cost 31 33
Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax (13,190) 1,935
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (12,265) 946
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax — — — — (2,214) (2,214)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax — — — — 3,160 3,160
Non-cash compensation — — 7,013 — — 7,013
Net settlement of vested stock awards 340 102 (342) — — (240)
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax — — — — (6,589) (6,589)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax — — — — (5,675) (5,675)
Non-cash compensation — — 247 — — 247
Accounting pronouncement adjustment — — (5,650) 3,825 — (1,825)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS1
(in thousands)
Twelve Months EndedDecember 31,
Cash flows from operating activities:
Write-off of deferred loan costs 2,748 —
Gain on sale of Quest Integrity (203,351) —
Loss on Warrants — 59
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts 35,509 13,784
Paid-in-kind interest 18,227 —
Allowance for credit losses 402 1,943
Goodwill impairment charges — 64,632
Non-cash compensation cost 247 7,013
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (3,201) 4,190
Net cash used in operating activities (57,935) (35,453)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net proceeds from sale of discontinued operations 260,841 —
Proceeds from disposal of assets 7,205 3,528
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities 243,356 (14,077)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings under 2022 ABL Credit Facility, gross 108,638 —
Payments under 2022 ABL Credit Facility, gross (43,722) —
Borrowings under Corre Delayed Draw Term Loan, gross 35,000 —
Borrowings under Subordinated Term Loan, gross — 50,000
Borrowings under 2020 ABL Credit Facility, net — 62,000
Payments under APSC Term Loan, gross (224,946) —
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs 9,639 —
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based awards 16 (240)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (191,971) 91,850
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (690) (1,591)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (7,240) 40,729
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 65,315 24,586
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 58,075 $ 65,315
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid (refunded) during the year for:
1Consolidated statements of cash flows include discontinued operations.
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December 31,
Cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations $ 58,075 $ 55,193
Cash and cash equivalents from discontinued operations — 10,122
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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TEAM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Description of Business. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “we”, “our” and “us” are used in this report to refer to either Team, Inc., to one or more of our consolidated subsidiaries or to all of them taken as a whole.
We are a global leading provider of integrated, digitally-enabled asset performance assurance and optimization solutions. We deploy conventional to highly specialized inspection, condition assessment, maintenance and repair services that result in greater safety, reliability, and operational efficiency for our clients’ most critical assets. Prior to the sale of our Quest Integrity segment as discussed below, we conducted operations in three segments: Inspection and Heat Treating, Mechanical Services and Quest Integrity. We currently conduct operations in two segments. Through the capabilities and resources in these two segments, we believe that we are uniquely qualified to provide integrated solutions involving: inspection to assess condition; engineering assessment to determine fitness for purpose in the context of industry standards and regulatory codes; and mechanical services to repair, rerate or replace based upon the client’s election. In addition, we are capable of escalating with the client’s needs, as dictated by the severity of the damage found and the related operating conditions, from standard services to some of the most advanced services and integrated asset integrity and reliability management solutions available in the industry. We also believe that we are unique in our ability to provide services in three distinct client demand profiles: (i) turnaround or project services, (ii) call-out services, and (iii) nested or run-and-maintain services.
On November 1, 2022, we completed the sale of all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of our wholly-owned subsidiary, TQ Acquisition Inc., a Texas corporation, to Baker Hughes Holdings LLC for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $279.0 million, after certain post-closing adjustments pursuant to that certain Equity Purchase Agreement by and among us and Baker Hughes, dated as of August 14, 2022. TQ Acquisition and its subsidiaries constituted Quest Integrity, which provided integrity and reliability management solutions for the process, pipeline and power sectors. In connection with the Quest Integrity Transaction, the credit support in the form of guarantees by and liens on assets, as applicable, of TQ Acquisition and its subsidiaries in respect of our existing debt arrangements were released. We used approximately $238.0 million of the net proceeds from the Quest Integrity Transaction to pay down $225.0 million of our term loan debt, and certain fees associated with that repayment and related accrued interest, with the remainder reserved for general corporate purposes, thereby reducing our future debt service obligations and leverage, and improving our liquidity.
The criteria for reporting Quest Integrity as a discontinued operation were met as of completion of the Quest Integrity sale transaction and, as such, all periods presented in this Form 10-K have been recast to present Quest Integrity as a discontinued operation. Unless otherwise specified, the financial information and discussion in this Form 10-K are based on our continuing operations (IHT and MS segments) and exclude any results of our discontinued operations (Quest Integrity). Refer to Note 2 - Discontinued Operations for additional details.
IHT provides conventional and advanced non-destructive testing (“NDT”) services primarily for the process, pipeline and power sectors, pipeline integrity management services, and field heat treating services, as well as associated engineering and condition assessment services. These services can be offered while facilities are running (on-stream), during facility turnarounds or during new construction or expansion activities. IHT also provides advanced digital imaging including remote digital video imaging.
MS provides solutions designed to serve clients’ unique needs during both the operational (onstream) and off-line states of their assets. Our onstream services include our range of standard to custom-engineered leak repair and composite solutions; emissions control and compliance; hot tapping and line stopping; and on-line valve insertion solutions, which are delivered while assets are in an operational condition, which maximizes client production time. Asset shutdowns can be planned, such as a turnaround maintenance event, or unplanned, such as those due to component failure or equipment breakdowns. Our specialty maintenance, turnaround and outage services are designed to minimize client downtime and are primarily delivered while assets are off-line and often through the use of cross-certified technicians, whose multi-craft capabilities deliver the production needed to achieve tight time schedules. These critical services include on-site field machining; bolted-joint integrity; vapor barrier plug testing; and valve management solutions.
Prior to its sale, Quest Integrity provided integrity and reliability management solutions for the process, pipeline and power sectors. These solutions encompass two broadly-defined disciplines: (1) highly specialized in-line inspection services for historically unpiggable process piping and pipelines using proprietary in-line inspection tools and analytical software; and (2) advanced engineering and condition assessment services through a multi-disciplined engineering team and related lab support. As referenced previously, Quest Integrity is now reported as discontinued operations.
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We market our services to companies in a diverse array of heavy industries which include:
•Energy (refining, power, renewables, nuclear and liquefied natural gas);
•Manufacturing and Process (chemical, petrochemical, pulp and paper industries, manufacturing, automotive and mining);
•Midstream and Others (valves, terminals and storage, pipeline and offshore oil and gas);
•Public Infrastructure (amusement parks, bridges, ports, construction and building, roads, dams, and railways); and
•Aerospace and Defense.
CARES Act. Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act we qualified to defer the employer portion of social security taxes incurred through the end of calendar year 2020. We deferred total employer payroll taxes of $14.1 million. We paid $7.0 million of the deferred payroll taxes in January 2022 and transferred $0.5 million of such obligation as part of the Quest Integrity sale transaction to the buyer. The remaining amount of $6.6 million, outstanding as of December 31, 2022, was paid in January 2023. Additionally, other governments in jurisdictions where we operate passed legislation to provide employers with relief programs, which include wage subsidy grants, deferral of certain payroll related expenses and tax payments and other benefits. We elected to treat qualified government subsidies from Canada and other governments as offsets to the related expenses. As these other governments review compliance with their relief programs, we may be required to return a portion of these funds. We recognized $0.6 million and $0.1 million as a reduction to operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. We recognized $6.2 million and $1.5 million as a reduction to operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. We also deferred certain payroll related expenses and tax payments under other foreign government programs. We had $2.1 million and $3.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to these foreign deferrals.
Reverse Stock Split. On November 2, 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved a proposal to authorize the Board to implement a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock at a ratio of one-for-ten. The Board approved the Reverse Stock Split on December 9, 2022, which became effective on December 21, 2022. As of the effective date, every ten issued and outstanding shares of common stock was converted into one share of common stock, The common stock began trading on a reverse split-adjusted basis on the NYSE at the opening of trading on December 22, 2022.
All issued and outstanding common stock and per share amounts contained in the financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect this Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented. In addition, a proportionate adjustment was made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise and/or vesting of all outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and warrants to purchase shares of common stock. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive compensation plans to reflect the Reverse Stock Split. Any fraction of a share of common stock that was created as a result of the Reverse Stock Split was rounded up to the next whole share. The common stock par value and additional paid-in-capital line items contained in the financial statements were adjusted to account for the Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented.
Basis for presentation. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of results for such periods.
Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our subsidiaries where we have control over operating and financial policies. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Related Party Transactions. A related party transaction is any transaction, arrangement or relationship or series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships (including the incurrence or issuance of any indebtedness or the guarantee of indebtedness) in which (1) the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a participant, and (2) any Related Party (as defined herein) has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
A related party is any person who is, or, at any time since the beginning of the Company’s last fiscal year, was (1) an executive officer, director or nominee for election as a director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (2) a person with greater than five percent (5%) beneficial interest in the Company, (3) an immediate family member of any of the individuals or entities identified in (1) or (2) of this paragraph, and (4) any firm, corporation or other entity in which any of the foregoing individuals or entities is employed or is a general partner or principal or in a similar position or in which such person or entity has a five percent (5%) or greater beneficial interest. Immediate family members includes a person’s spouse, parents, stepparents, children, stepchildren, siblings, mothers- and fathers-in-law, sons- and daughters-in-law, brothers- and sisters-in-law and anyone residing in such person’s home, other than a tenant or employee.
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Liquidity and Going Concern. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the twelve-month period following the issue date of these consolidated financial statements. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on many factors, including among other things, our ability to comply with the covenants in our debt agreements, our ability to cure any defaults that occur under our debt agreements, or forbearances with respect to any such defaults, and our ability to pay, retire, amend, replace or refinance our indebtedness as defaults occur or as interest and principal payments come due. Liquidity risk is the risk that we will be unable to meet our financial obligations as they become due. Our liquidity may be affected by improvements and declines in commodity prices, our segments’ operational performance, and our ability to access capital and credit markets.
We evaluated our liquidity within one year after the date of issuance of these audited consolidated financial statements to determine if there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In the preparation of this liquidity assessment, we applied judgment to estimate the projected cash flows of the Company, including the following: (i) projected cash outflows, (ii) projected cash inflows, and (iii) projected availability under the Company’s existing debt arrangements. The cash flow projections were based on known or planned cash requirements for operating and financing costs and include management’s best estimate regarding future customer activity levels, pricing for its services and for its supplies and other factors. Actual results could vary significantly from those projections. We do not believe, based on the Company’s forecast, that current working capital, cash flow from operations, expected availability under our existing credit agreements and capital expenditure financing is sufficient to fund the operations, maintain compliance with our debt covenants (as amended), and satisfy the Company’s obligations, specifically with respect to the Notes described below, as they come due within one year after the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements.
Our Notes are due on August 1, 2023 and had a principal balance of $41.2 million as of December 31, 2022 following the exchanged transactions described in Note 12 - Debt. We are exploring alternatives to reduce or refinance the Notes outstanding balance, including extending their maturity as well as other alternatives. There is no assurance that we will be able to execute a reduction, extension, or refinancing of the Notes or that the terms of any replacement financing would be as favorable as the terms of the Notes prior to the maturity date. Under the terms of our amended financing arrangements that were entered into during 2022, the Maturity Reserve Trigger Date (as defined in the 2022 ABL Credit Agreement), and the Maturity Trigger Date (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement) collectively referred to as the “Trigger Date” is June 17, 2023, see Note 12 - Debt for additional information. Therefore, the Notes balance must be paid down to less than $10.0 million by June 17, 2023.
On October 4, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 8 (“Corre Amendment 8”) to the Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement. On November 1, 2022, we completed the Quest Integrity Transaction with Baker Hughes, as discussed above, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $279.0 million, after certain post-closing adjustments, in accordance with the Sale Agreement. On November 4, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 9 (“Term Loan Amendment No. 9”) to the Term Loan Credit Agreement and Amendment No. 10 (“Corre Amendment 10”) to the Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement. Refer to Note 12 - Debt for more information on the terms, maturity dates and amendments to our debt that may affect our future liquidity.
As of December 31, 2022, we are in compliance with our debt covenants. Without the execution of a refinancing transaction, an agreement to extend the Notes maturity date, and/or amendments to our existing debt agreements there is a risk that the Company could be, among other things, unable to make principal payments on the Notes to satisfy the Trigger Date provision or will be unable to pay off the Notes when they become due on August 1, 2023. The failure to pay down the Notes to less than $10.0 million would (i) trigger the early maturity of our Term Loan Credit Agreement pursuant to the Trigger Date concept, and (ii) permit the administrative agent under the 2022 ABL Credit Agreement to implement a borrowing base reserve in an amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes on such date. A required repayment of the Term Loan Credit Agreement in accordance with the Trigger Date concept would in turn trigger a requirement to repay the Subordinated Term Loans pursuant to the Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement 14 days after repayment in full of the Term Loan Credit Agreement. There is no assurance that we would be able to make such payments, and failure to make such payments would result in events of default under the applicable credit facility and associated cross defaults under the Company’s other debt instruments. Failure to pay the Notes off at the maturity date on August 1, 2023 will result in an event of default under the Notes and the associated cross defaults noted above under the Company’s other debt instruments. Refer to Note 12 - Debt for more information on the terms and maturity dates of our debt that may affect our future liquidity.
Our ability to maintain compliance with the financial covenants contained in the 2022 ABL Credit Agreement, the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the Subordinated Term Loan Credit Agreement is dependent upon our future operating performance and future financial condition, both of which are subject to various risks and uncertainties. The lingering effects of COVID-19, threat of recession and resulting economic repercussions could have a significant adverse effect on our financial position and business condition, as well as our clients and suppliers. Additionally, these events may, among other factors, impact our ability to generate cash flows from operations, access the capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, and affect our future need or ability to borrow under our 2022 ABL Credit Facility. In addition to our current sources of funding our business,
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the effects of such events may impact our liquidity or our need to revise our allocation or sources of capital, implement further cost reduction measures and/or change our business strategy. Political economic repercussions could have a broad range of effects on our liquidity sources and will depend on future developments and cannot be predicted at this time.
As a result of our current liquidity condition and the potential inability to negotiate an extension or amend the financial covenants, substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is raised. We are evaluating and will continue to explore strategic alternatives to a refinancing transaction or the reduction of the debt, including negotiating amendments to our credit facilities and the financial covenants contained therein, the sale of assets, or other alternative financing transactions. While our lenders agreed on an extension and amended the financial covenants in prior periods, there can be no assurance that our lenders will provide additional extensions, waivers or amendments in the event of future non-compliance with our debt covenants, or other possible events of default. As such, substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities, and reported expenses that may be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
Use of estimates. Our accounting policies conform to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported financial position and results of operations. We review significant estimates and judgments affecting our consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis and record the effect of any necessary adjustments prior to their publication. Estimates and judgments are based on information available at the time such estimates and judgments are made. Adjustments made with respect to the use of these estimates and judgments often relate to information not previously available. Uncertainties with respect to such estimates and judgments are inherent in the preparation of financial statements. Estimates and judgments are used in, among other things, (1) valuation of acquisition related tangible and intangible assets and assessments of all long-lived assets for possible impairment, (2) estimating various factors used to accrue liabilities for workers’ compensation, auto, medical and general liability, (3) establishing an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, (4) estimating the useful lives of our assets, (5) assessing future tax exposure and the realization of tax assets, (6) selecting assumptions used in the measurement of costs and liabilities associated with defined benefit pension plans, (7) assessments of fair value and (8) managing our foreign currency risk in foreign operations. Our most significant accounting policies are described below.
Fair value of financial instruments. As defined in FASB ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (“ASC 820”), fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We utilize market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. We primarily apply the market approach for recurring fair value measurements and endeavor to utilize the best information available. Accordingly, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The use of unobservable inputs is intended to allow for fair value determinations in situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. We are able to classify fair value balances based on the observability of those inputs. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy such that “Level 1” measurements include unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market, “Level 2” measurements include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market which have been adjusted for items such as effects of restrictions for transferability and those that are not quoted but are observable through corroboration with observable market data, including quoted market prices for similar assets, and “Level 3” measurements include those that are unobservable and of a highly subjective measure.
Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, pension assets and debt obligations. The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable are representative of their respective fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. For additional information regarding our pension assets, see Note 16 - Employee Benefit plan. The fair value of our 2022 ABL Credit Facility and Term Loans are representative of the carrying value based upon the variable terms and management’s opinion that the current rates available to us with the same maturity and security structure are equivalent to that of the debt. The fair value of the Notes as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $37.5 million and $84.0 million, respectively, (inclusive of the fair value of the conversion option) and are a “Level 2” measurement, determined based on the observed trading price of these instruments. For additional information regarding our 2022 ABL Credit Facility, Term Loan, Subordinated Term Loan and Notes, see Note 12 - Debt.
Cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of all demand deposits and funds invested in highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Inventory. Except for certain inventories that are valued based on standard cost, we use the first-in, first-out method to value our inventory. Inventory includes material, labor, and certain fixed overhead costs. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory quantities on hand are reviewed periodically and carrying value is reduced to net realizable
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value for inventories for which their cost exceeds their utility. The cost of inventories consumed or products sold are included in operating expenses.
Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their respective useful life or the lease term. Depreciation and amortization of assets are computed by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:
Classification Useful Life
Buildings 20-40 years
Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) System 15 years
Leasehold improvements 2-15 years
Machinery and equipment 2-12 years
Furniture and fixtures 2-10 years
Computers and computer software 2-5 years
Automobiles 2-5 years
Goodwill and intangible assets. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but are instead tested for impairment, and assessed for potential triggering events, at least annually in accordance with the provisions of the ASC 350 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360-10 Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“ASC 360”).
We assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which we have determined to be the same as our operating segments. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we measure any goodwill impairment losses as the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no goodwill on the Company’s balance sheets related to continuing operations. The only segment with goodwill was Quest Integrity, which is part of discontinued operations.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, our assessment of qualitative indicators associated with our interim and annual goodwill impairment tests indicated a potential impairment existed. The next step of goodwill assessment determined that an impairment existed as the carrying value of the MS segment exceeded its fair value. As a result, we recorded goodwill impairment of $55.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. We also recorded goodwill impairment of $8.8 million on our discontinued operations during the year ended December 31, 2021. There was no goodwill impairment recorded during or as of December 31, 2022.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets. The Company reviews its property and equipment, intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset class may not be recoverable. Indicators of potential impairment include: an adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of the asset; an adverse change in the extent or manner in which the asset is used or is expected to be used, or in its physical condition; and current or forecasted operating or cash flow losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the use of the asset. If indicators of impairment are present, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the related estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset. If the expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, then the asset is considered to be impaired and its carrying value is written down to fair value, based on the related estimated discounted cash flows. There were no impairment charges in 2022 or 2021.
Income taxes. We follow the guidance of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that we use the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes and provide deferred income taxes for all significant temporary differences. As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax payable or receivable and related tax expense or benefit together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items such as depreciation for tax and accounting purposes. These differences can result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets.
In accordance with ASC 740, we are required to assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be realized and, to the extent we believe it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we must establish a valuation allowance. We consider all available evidence to determine whether, based on the weight of the evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Evidence used includes the reversal of existing taxable
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temporary differences, taxable income in prior carryback years if carryback is permitted by tax law, information about our current financial position and our results of operations for the current and preceding years, as well as all currently available information about future years, including our anticipated future performance and tax planning strategies.
We regularly assess whether it is more likely than not that we will realize the deferred tax assets in the jurisdictions we operate in. Management believes future sources of taxable income, reversing temporary differences and other tax planning strategies will be sufficient to realize the deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance has been established. Our valuation allowance primarily relates to net operating loss carryforwards. While we have considered these factors in assessing the need for additional valuation allowance, there is no assurance that additional valuation allowance would not need to be established in the future if information about future years change. Any changes in valuation allowance would impact our income tax provision and net income (loss) in the period in which such a determination is made. As of December 31, 2022, our deferred tax assets were $94.7 million, less a valuation allowance of $73.5 million. As of December 31, 2022, our deferred tax liabilities were $24.5 million.
Significant judgment is required in assessing the timing and amounts of deductible and taxable items for tax purposes. In accordance with ASC 740-10, we establish reserves for uncertain tax positions when, despite our belief that our tax return positions are supportable, we believe that it is not more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon challenge. When facts and circumstances change, we adjust these reserves through our provision for income taxes. To the extent interest and penalties may be assessed by taxing authorities on any related underpayment of income tax, such amounts have been accrued and are classified as a component of income tax expense (benefit) in our consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2022, our gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions, were $1.1 million.