UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☒
Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended June 29, 2025 or
☐
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from _____ to ____.
Commission File Number 0-12919
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (469) 384-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value RAVE Nasdaq Capital Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐No ☒
As of December 27, 2024, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was approximately $28.3 million computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold on the NASDAQ Capital Market.
As of September 18, 2025, there were 14,211,566 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement, to be filed pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act in connection with the registrant’s annual meeting of shareholders scheduled for December 9, 2025, have been incorporated by reference in Part III of this report.
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Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbors created thereby. Forward-looking statements include statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate” or similar expressions. These statements include the plans and objectives of management for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to future growth of our business activities and availability of funds. Statements that address business and growth strategies, performance goals, projected financial condition and operating results, our understanding of our competition, industry and market trends, and any other statements or assumptions that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to these forward-looking statements involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions, regulatory framework and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying these forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K will prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in these forward-looking statements, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation that our objectives and plans will be achieved.
PART I
ITEM 1.
BUSINESS.
General
Rave Restaurant Group, Inc., through its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “we,” “us” or “our”), franchises pizza buffet (“Buffet Units”), delivery/carry-out (“Delco Units”), express restaurants (“Express Units”) and ghost kitchens (“Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units”) under the trademark “Pizza Inn” and franchises fast casual pizza restaurants (“Pie Five Units”) and ghost kitchens (“Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Units”) under the trademarks “Pie Five Pizza Company” or “Pie Five”. The Company also licenses Pizza Inn Express, or PIE, kiosks (“PIE Units”) under the trademark “Pizza Inn”. We facilitate food, equipment, and supply distribution to our domestic and international system of restaurants through agreements with third-party distributors.
As of June 29, 2025, we had 117 franchised Pizza Inn restaurants, 17 franchised Pie Five Units, and one licensed PIE Unit. The 95 domestic franchised Pizza Inn restaurants were comprised of 79 Buffet Units, five Delco Units, 10 Express Units and one Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Unit. As of June 29, 2025, there were 22 international franchised Pizza Inn restaurants. Domestic Pizza Inn restaurants and kiosks were located predominantly in the southern half of the United States, with Texas, North Carolina, Arkansas and Mississippi accounting for approximately 20%, 19%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of the total number of domestic units.
Our History
The Company has offered consumers affordable, high-quality pizza since 1958, when the first Pizza Inn restaurant opened in Dallas, Texas. We awarded our first franchise in 1963 and opened our first buffet restaurant in 1969. We began franchising the Pizza Inn brand internationally in the late 1970s. In 1993, our stock began trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market and presently trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the ticker symbol “RAVE.” In June 2011, we opened the first Pie Five restaurant in Ft. Worth, Texas. In November 2012, we signed our first franchise development agreement for Pie Five. In 2019, we launched the PIE kiosk and convenience store solution to meet the consumer demand for tasty and high-quality pizzas within a grab-and-go delivery model.
Our Concepts
We operate and franchise restaurant concepts under two distinct brands: Pizza Inn and Pie Five.
Pizza Inn
We franchise Buffet Units, Delco Units, Express Units and Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units under the Pizza Inn brand. Additionally, we license PIE Units under the Pizza Inn brand. Buffet Units and Delco Units feature crusts that are hand-made from dough made fresh in the restaurant each day. Our pizzas are made with a proprietary all-in-one flour mixture, real mozzarella cheese, and a proprietary mix of classic pizza spices. In international markets, the menu mix of toppings and side items is occasionally adapted to local tastes.
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Buffet Units offer dine-in, carryout, and catering service and, in many cases, also offer delivery service. Buffet Units offer a variety of pizza crusts with standard toppings and special combinations of toppings in addition to pasta, salad, sandwiches, appetizers, desserts and beverages, including beer and wine in some locations, in an informal, family-oriented atmosphere. We occasionally offer other items on a limited promotional basis. Buffet Units are generally located in free standing buildings or strip center locations in retail developments near offices, shopping centers and residential areas. The current standard Buffet Units are between 2,100 and 4,500 square feet in size and seat 50 to 185 customers. The interior decor is designed to promote a casual, lively, contemporary, family-style atmosphere. Some Buffet Units feature game rooms that offer a range of electronic game entertainment for the entire family.
Delco Units offer delivery and carryout service only and are typically located in shopping centers or other in-line retail developments. Delco Units typically offer a variety of crusts and some combination of side items. Delco Units occupy approximately 1,200 square feet, are primarily production facilities and, in most instances, do not offer seating. The decor of the Delco Unit is designed to be bright and highly visible and feature neon lighted displays and awnings. We have attempted to locate Delco Units strategically to facilitate timely delivery service and to provide easy access for carryout service.
Express Units serve our customers through a variety of non-traditional points of sale. Express Units are typically located in a convenience store, food court, college campus, airport terminal, travel plaza, athletic facility, or other commercial facility. They have limited or no seating and solely offer quick carryout service of a limited menu of pizza and other foods and beverages. An Express Unit typically occupies approximately 200 to 400 square feet and is commonly operated by the operator or food service licensee of the commercial host facility. We have developed a high-quality, pre-prepared crust that is topped and cooked on-site, allowing this concept to offer a lower initial investment and reduced labor and operating costs while maintaining product quality and consistency. Like Delco Units, Express Units are primarily production-oriented facilities and, therefore, do not require all of the equipment, labor or square footage of the Buffet Unit.
PIE Units serve customers through a non-traditional, licensed, pizza-only model called Pizza Inn Express. Like Delco Units and Express Units, the PIE Units are primarily production-oriented facilities and, therefore, do not require all of the equipment, labor or square footage of the Buffet Unit. The Company does not intend to open additional PIE Units in the foreseeable future.
Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units primarily serve customers online through third-party delivery companies and are located in a Pie Five restaurant. Dine-in, carryout, or catering services are not offered. We have attempted to strategically locate Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units in areas where Pie Five restaurants are presently located, but Pizza Inn is not.
Pie Five
Pie Five is a fast-casual pizza concept that creates individualized pizzas which are baked in our specially designed oven. Pizzas are created at the direction of our customers who choose from a variety of freshly prepared and displayed proprietary and non-proprietary toppings, cheeses, sauces and doughs. Customers can also get freshly prepared side salads, also made to order from our recipes or at the customer's direction. A variety of soft beverages are available, as well as beer and wine in some locations.
Traditional Pie Five restaurants typically occupy leased, in-line or end-cap space of between 1,800 and 2,400 square feet in retail strip or multi-unit retail space. With seating for 65 to 85 customers in most units, and patio seating where available, Pie Five restaurants primarily serve lunch and dinner to families, adults and kids of all ages. Pie Five restaurants typically are in high traffic, high visibility urban or suburban sites in mid to large-size metropolitan areas. Sales are predominantly on-premise though carry out and delivery are offered as well. Due to the relatively compact footprint of the restaurants, and other operating advantages, we believe Pie Five is also well suited for non-traditional locations such as airports.
Site Selection
We consider the restaurant site selection process critical to a restaurant’s long-term success and devote resources to the investigation and evaluation of potential sites. The site selection process includes a review of trade area demographics and an evaluation process. We may also rely on a franchisee’s knowledge of the trade area and market characteristics when selecting a location for a franchised restaurant. A member of our development team visits each potential domestic restaurant location.
Development and Operations
New Unit Development
We intend to expand the Pizza Inn system domestically and internationally in markets with significant long-term growth potential and where we believe we can use our competitive strengths to establish brand recognition and gain local market share. We plan to expand our Pizza Inn branded domestic restaurant base primarily through opening new franchised restaurants with new and existing franchisees. We expect to evaluate the continued development of new Pizza Inn Buffet and Delco Units in international markets in fiscal 2026.
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The Company previously granted area developer rights for Pizza Inn restaurants in existing domestic markets. However, the Company is no longer pursuing such agreements. A Pizza Inn area developer typically paid a negotiated fee to purchase the right to operate or develop restaurants within a defined territory and agreed to a multi-restaurant development schedule. The area developer assisted us in local franchise service and quality control in exchange for half of the franchise fees and royalties from all restaurants within the territory during the term of the agreement.
We will opportunistically evaluate developing franchised Pie Five Units domestically. The rate at which we will be able to continue to expand the Pie Five concept through franchise development is determined in part by our success at selecting qualified franchisees, by our ability to identify satisfactory sites in appropriate markets, and by our ability to continue training and monitoring our franchisees. We intend to continue to focus on franchise development opportunities with experienced, well-capitalized restaurant operators. We believe that Pie Five units will decrease modestly in future periods.
Domestic Franchise Operations
Franchise and development agreements. Since the Pizza Inn concept was first franchised in 1963, industry franchising concepts and development strategies have evolved, and our present franchise relationships are evidenced by a variety of contractual forms. Common to those forms are provisions that: (i) require the franchisee to follow the Pizza Inn system of restaurant operation and management, (ii) require the franchisee to pay a franchise fee, contribute a specified percentage of sales to a marketing fund managed by the Company, and pay continuing royalties, and (iii) except for Express Units, prohibit the development of one restaurant within a specified distance from another.
We launched the franchise program for Pie Five in fiscal 2013. Our Pie Five franchise agreement requires that the franchisees: (i) follow the Pie Five system of restaurant operation and management, (ii) pay a franchise fee and continuing royalties, (iii) contribute a specified percentage of sales to a marketing fund managed by the Company, and (iv) only open restaurants that comply with site and design standards determined by the Company.
Training. We offer numerous training programs for the benefit of franchisees and their restaurant crew managers. The training programs, taught by experienced Company employees, focus on food preparation, service, cost control, sanitation, safety, local store marketing, personnel management, and other aspects of restaurant operation. The training programs include group classes, supervised work in restaurants, and special field seminars. Initial and certain supplemental training programs are offered free of charge to franchisees, who pay their own travel and lodging expenses. New franchisees also receive on-site training from Company employees to assist with their first two restaurant openings under their development agreements. Restaurant managers train their staff through on-the-job training using video and printed materials produced by us.
Standards. We require franchisee adherence to a variety of standards designed to ensure proper operations and to protect and enhance the Pizza Inn and Pie Five brands. All franchisees are required to operate their restaurants in compliance with these written policies, standards, and specifications, which include matters such as menu items, ingredients, materials, supplies, services, furnishings, decor, and signs. Our efforts to maintain consistent operations may result, from time to time, in the closing of certain restaurants that have not maintained a consistent standard of quality or operations. We also maintain adherence to our standards through ongoing support and education of our franchisees by our franchise business consultants, who are deployed locally in markets where our franchisees are located.
Domestic Kiosk License Operations
Kiosk license agreements. Our PIE Units are typically offered for five-year initial license periods with options for additional five-year renewals. PIE Unit licensees are not charged development fees, license fees, royalties, or advertising assessments. PIE Unit license agreements require that the licensee comply with standards of the Pizza Inn brand, including marketing, kiosk system configuration, and sales and sourcing of authorized products and services. The mandated products and sourcing provisions within the PIE Unit licensing agreement result in supplier rebates for the Company.
Training. New licensees and their PIE Unit employees must attend and successfully complete our training program, which consists of a single day of training at the licensed location. PIE Unit managers train their staff through on-the-job training, using video and printed materials produced by us.
Standards. We require licensee adherence to a variety of standards designed to ensure proper operations and to protect and enhance the Pizza Inn brand. All licensees are required to operate their kiosks in compliance with these written policies, standards, and specifications, which include matters such as menu items, ingredients, materials, supplies, services, furnishings, decor, and signs. Our efforts to maintain consistent operations may result, from time to time, in the closing of certain kiosks that have not maintained a consistent standard of quality or operations. We also maintain adherence to our standards through ongoing support and education of our licensees by our franchise business consultants, who are deployed locally in markets where our licensees are located.
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International Franchise Operations
We also offer master license rights to develop Pizza Inn and Pie Five restaurants in certain foreign countries, with negotiated fees, development schedules, and ongoing royalties although we are currently not actively marketing rights internationally for Pie Five. A master licensee for a foreign country pays a negotiated fee to purchase the right to develop and operate restaurants within a defined territory, typically for a term of 20 years, plus a ten-year renewal option. The master licensee agrees to a multi-restaurant development schedule, and we train the master licensee to monitor and assist franchisees in their territory with local service and quality control with support from us. In return, the master licensee typically retains half the franchise fees and half the royalties on all restaurants within the territory during the term of the agreement. Master licensees may open restaurants that they own and operate, or they may open sub-franchised restaurants owned and operated by third parties through agreements with the master licensee subject to our approval.
Our first franchised Pizza Inn restaurant outside of the United States opened in the late 1970s. As of June 29, 2025, there were 22 Pizza Inn restaurants operating internationally. Except for three restaurants in Honduras and three restaurants in New Zealand, all of the Pizza Inn restaurants operated or sub-licensed by our international master licensees are in Saudi Arabia and adjoining countries in the Middle East. Our ability to continue to develop select international markets is affected by a number of factors, including our ability to locate experienced, well-capitalized developers who can commit to an aggressive multi-restaurant development schedule and achieve maximum initial market penetration with minimal supervision by us.
Food and Supply Distribution
Our franchisees and licensees purchase food and supplies directly from authorized, reputable, and experienced supply and distribution companies. The Company provides sourcing, quality assurance, and research and development for both the Pizza Inn and Pie Five systems. The authorized distributors make deliveries to all domestic units from several distribution centers, with delivery territories and responsibilities for each determined according to geographical region. As a franchisor, the Company is able to leverage the advantages of direct vendor negotiations and volume purchasing of food, equipment, and supplies for the franchisees’ and licensees’ benefit in the form of a concentrated, one-truck delivery system, competitive pricing, and product consistency. Franchisees and licensees are able to source all products and ingredients from authorized distributors. In order to assure product quality and consistency, our franchisees and licensees are required to purchase from authorized distributors certain food products that are proprietary to the Pizza Inn and Pie Five systems, including cheese, pizza sauce, flour mixture, certain meats, and spice blend. Franchisees and licensees may purchase other non-proprietary food products and supplies either from authorized distributors or from other suppliers who meet our requirements for quality and reliability.
Non-proprietary food and ingredients, equipment and other supplies are generally available from several qualified sources. With the exception of several proprietary food products, such as cheese and dough flour, we are not dependent upon any one supplier or a limited group of suppliers. We contract with established food processors for the production of our proprietary products according to our specifications.
We have not experienced any significant shortages of supplies or any delays in receiving our food or beverage inventories, restaurant supplies, or products, but disruption of supply chains or other factors could cause difficulty in obtaining inventories or supplies in the future. Prices charged by our suppliers are subject to fluctuation, and franchisees and licensees bear increased costs or benefit from savings through changes in product pricing. We do not engage in commodity hedging but enter into pricing arrangements for up to a year in advance for certain high-volume products.
Marketing and Advertising
By communicating a common brand message at the regional, local market, and restaurant levels, we believe we can create and reinforce a strong, consistent marketing message to consumers and increase our market share. We offer or facilitate several ways for the brand image and message to be promoted at the local and regional levels.
Pizza Inn and Pie Five franchisees contribute a specified percentage of their sales to the Company to fund the creation and production of various marketing and advertising programs and materials, which may include print and digital advertisements, direct mail materials, customer satisfaction systems, social media and e-mail marketing, television and radio commercials, in-store promotional materials, marketing and public relations services, and consumer research. We anticipate continuing to optimize Pizza Inn and Pie Five marketing activities commensurate with the contributions of the marketing funds.
Pizza Inn and Pie Five franchisees are required to conduct independent marketing efforts in addition to their participation in the national marketing programs for each brand. We provide franchised restaurants with access to an assortment of local store marketing materials, including pre-approved print, radio, and digital media marketing materials. We also provide local store marketing materials and programs specifically to support new restaurant openings.
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Trademarks and Quality Control
We own various trademarks, including the names “Pizza Inn” and “Pie Five,” that are used in connection with the restaurants and have been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The duration of our trademarks is unlimited, subject to periodic renewal and continued use. In addition, we have obtained trademark registrations for our marks in several foreign countries and have periodically re-filed and applied for registration in others. We believe that we hold the necessary rights for protection of the trademarks essential to our business.
Government Regulation
We and our franchisees are subject to various federal, state and local laws affecting the operation of our restaurants. Each restaurant is subject to licensing and regulation by several governmental authorities, which include health, safety, sanitation, wage and hour, alcoholic beverage, building and fire agencies in the state and municipality in which the restaurant is located. Difficulties in obtaining, or the failure to obtain, required licenses or approvals could delay or prevent the opening of a new restaurant or require the temporary or permanent closing of an existing restaurant in a particular area.
We are subject to Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) regulations and to various state laws regulating the offer and sale of franchises. The FTC requires us to furnish to prospective franchisees a franchise disclosure document containing prescribed information. Substantive state laws that regulate the franchisor-franchisee relationship presently exist in a number of states, and bills have been introduced in Congress from time to time that would provide for further federal regulation of the franchisor-franchisee relationship in certain respects. Some foreign countries also have disclosure requirements and other laws regulating franchising and the franchisor-franchisee relationship.
Employees
As of June 29, 2025, we had 24 full-time employees. None of our employees are currently covered by collective bargaining agreements.
Industry and Competition
The restaurant industry is intensely competitive with respect to price, service, location, and food quality, and there are many well-established competitors with substantially greater brand recognition and financial and other resources than the Company. Competitors include a number of international, national, and regional restaurant and pizza chains, as well as local restaurants and pizza operators. Some of our competitors may be better established in the markets where our restaurants are or may be located. Within the pizza segment of the restaurant industry, we believe that our primary competitors are national pizza chains and several regional chains. We also compete against the frozen pizza products available at grocery stores and large superstore retailers. In recent years, several competitors have developed fast-casual pizza concepts that compete with Pie Five in certain metropolitan areas. A change in the pricing or other market strategies of one or more of our competitors could have an adverse impact on our sales and earnings.
With respect to the sale of franchises and licenses, we compete with many franchisors of restaurants and other business concepts. We believe that the principal competitive factors affecting the sale of franchises are product quality, price, value, consumer acceptance, franchisor experience and support, and the quality of the relationship maintained between the franchisor and its franchisees. In general, there is active competition for management personnel and attractive commercial real estate sites suitable for our restaurants.
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS.
Not required for a smaller reporting company.
ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
Not applicable.
ITEM 1C.
CYBERSECURITY.
The Company recognizes the critical importance of maintaining the safety and security of our systems and data and has a holistic process for overseeing and managing cybersecurity and related risks.The Company believes that cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have not materially affected and are not reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.
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Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy
Personnel
The Company has an information security program and procedures in place to protect, identify, detect, respond to and manage reasonably foreseeable cybersecurity risks and threats. The Company uses various security tools that help prevent, identify, investigate, resolve and recover from identified vulnerabilities and security incidents to protect our information systems and data from cybersecurity threats. This framework is implemented and overseen by management’s information security department which is led by the Information Technology (“IT”) Support Associate Director and overseen by the Company’s IT Steering Committee. The IT Support Associate Director has over twenty years of experience in technology management and cybersecurity. The IT Steering Committee is comprised of the Company’s two Associate IT Directors, the CEO, and CFO and convenes quarterly to review IT control policies and procedures are properly followed and any new employees were properly onboarded in compliance with security procedures.
Third-Party Engagement
The Company employs third-party risk security vendors to identify, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks; however, we rely on the third parties we use to implement security programs commensurate with their risks, and we cannot ensure in all circumstances that their efforts will be successful. The Company employs a third-party vendor to securely host the Company’s data in a cloud-based storage system. The third-party vendor conducts quarterly vulnerability scans on both the hosted data environment and the Company’s corporate data network. Scans of the Company’s firewall are conducted regularly by the third-party vendor. Any necessary remediation would also be provided by the third-party vendor after the scan, but none has been required. The Company uses multiple third-party developed software to continually monitor technology systems for viruses, malicious software, executable harmful files, and other cybersecurity risks. The Company requires the annual submission of SOC 1 security certificates from our third-party vendors which have access to our financial and sales data. The Company also maintains cybersecurity insurance providing coverage for certain costs related to security failures and specified cybersecurity related incidents.
The Company recognizes that threat actors frequently target employees to gain unauthorized access to information systems. Therefore, each employee is required to complete information security and data privacy training to build awareness of cybersecurity risks to the organization. The Company has engaged a third-party vendor to periodically send each employee an email that mimics a potentially harmful phishing attempt each month and to report to management the results of the phishing security test.
Governance
The Board of Directors are acutely aware of the critical nature of managing risks associated with cybersecurity threats. Each quarterly meeting, management presents a cybersecurity update which includes results of testing by third-party vendors and any suspected cybersecurity incidents to the entire Board of Directors. Management would report any material cybersecurity breach immediately to the full Board of Directors. The Company has a written policy for the employee reporting of any cybersecurity suspected incidents.
The Audit Committee of the Board has the primary responsibility to oversee effective governance in managing risks associated with cybersecurity threats.Our Audit Committee is composed of members with diverse expertise, including risk management, technology, and finance, equipping them to oversee cybersecurity risks effectively.
ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES.
The Company leases its 19,576 square foot corporate office facility with average annual lease payments of approximately $18.00 per square foot. This lease began on January 2, 2017 and has a ten-year term. The Company amended its lease agreement in June 2020 and elected to defer one-half of the monthly base rent for the period from June 2020 through May 2021.
As of June 29, 2025, the Company had contingent and direct lease obligations for two additional restaurant locations. These lease obligations have been assigned to franchisees. These leased properties range in size from 2,220 to 2,428 square feet, have annual rental rates ranging from approximately $35.00 to $39.00 per square foot and expire between 2025 and 2028.
ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
The Company is subject to various claims and contingencies related to employment agreements, franchise disputes, lawsuits, taxes, food product purchase contracts and other matters arising out of the normal course of business. Management believes that any such claims and actions currently pending are either covered by insurance or would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s annual results of operations or financial condition if decided in a manner that is unfavorable to the Company.
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ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
The Company's common stock is listed on the Capital Market of the NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “RAVE”. As of September 18, 2025, there were approximately 1,886 stockholders of record of the Company's common stock. This number excludes stockholders whose stock is held in nominee or “street name” by brokers.
The Company had no sales of unregistered securities during fiscal 2025 or 2024.
The Company has not paid dividends historically, and currently there is no intention to pay any dividends on our common stock, but dividends may be considered in the future.
2007 Stock Purchase Plan
On May 23, 2007, the Company’s board of directors approved a stock purchase plan (the “2007 Stock Purchase Plan”) authorizing the purchase on our behalf of up to 1,016,000 shares of our common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. On June 2, 2008, the Company’s board of directors amended the 2007 Stock Purchase Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock the Company may repurchase by 1,000,000 shares to a total of 2,016,000 shares. On April 22, 2009, the Company’s board of directors amended the 2007 Stock Purchase Plan again to increase the number of shares of common stock the Company may repurchase by 1,000,000 shares to a total of 3,016,000 shares. On June 28, 2022, the Company’s board of directors amended the 2007 Stock Purchase Plan again to increase the number of shares of common stock the Company may repurchase by 5,000,000 shares to a total of 8,016,000 shares. The 2007 Stock Purchase Plan does not have an expiration date.
The following table furnishes information for purchases made pursuant to the 2007 Stock Purchase Plan during fiscal 2025:
The Company’s ability to purchase shares of our common stock is subject to various laws, regulations, and policies as well as the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company may also purchase shares of our common stock other than pursuant to the 2007 Stock Purchase Plan or other publicly announced plans or programs.
On February 24, 2025, the Company repurchased 500,000 shares at $2.40 per share in a negotiated transaction with a third-party investor.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table furnishes information with respect to the Company’s stock option equity compensation plans as of June 29, 2025:
Stock option compensation plans not approved by security holders — — —
RSU compensation plans approved by security holders 272,555 2.50 —
(1)
Securities remaining available for future issuance under the 2015 Long Term Incentive Program are net of a maximum of 272,555 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to outstanding restricted stock units, subject to applicable vesting requirements and performance criteria. See Note H to the audited consolidated financial statements included in this report.
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ITEM 6.
RESERVED.
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ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may contain certain forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements.”
A comparison of our results of operations and cash flows for fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023 can be found under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on September 26, 2024.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Terms
The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). However, the Company also presents and discusses certain non-GAAP financial measures that it believes are useful to investors as measures of operating performance. Management may also use such non-GAAP financial measures in evaluating the effectiveness of business strategies and for planning and budgeting purposes. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be viewed as an alternative or substitute for the results reflected in the Company’s GAAP financial statements.
We consider EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be important supplemental measures of operating performance that are commonly used by securities analysts, investors and other parties interested in our industry. We believe that EBITDA is helpful to investors in evaluating our results of operations without the impact of expenses affected by financing methods, accounting methods and the tax environment. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides additional useful information to investors by excluding non-operational or non-recurring expenses to provide a measure of operating performance that is more comparable from period to period. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures for evaluating operating performance, assessing the effectiveness of business strategies, projecting future capital needs, budgeting and other planning purposes.
The following key performance indicators presented herein, some of which represent non-GAAP financial measures, have these meanings and are calculated as follows:
•
“EBITDA” represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
•
“Adjusted EBITDA” represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, severance, gain/loss on sale of assets, costs related to impairment and other lease charges, franchisee default and closed store revenue/expense, and closed and non-operating store costs.
•
“Retail sales” represents the restaurant sales reported by our franchisees, which may be segmented by brand or domestic/international locations.
•
“Comparable store retail sales” includes the retail sales for restaurants that have been open for at least 18 months as of the end of the reporting period. The sales results for a restaurant that was closed for more than seven days for remodeling or relocation within the same trade area are not included in the calculation.
•
“Average units open” reflects the number of restaurants open during a reporting period weighted by the percentage of the days in a reporting period that each restaurant was open.
•
“Franchisee default and closed store revenue/expense” represents the net of accelerated revenues and costs attributable to defaulted area development agreements and closed franchised stores.
•
“Closed and non-operating store costs” represent gain or loss on asset disposal, store closure expenses, lease termination expenses and expenses related to abandoned store sites.
Overview
The Company franchises pizza buffet (“Buffet Units”), delivery/carry-out (“Delco Units”), express restaurants (“Express Units”) and ghost kitchens (“Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units”) under the trademark “Pizza Inn” and franchises fast casual pizza restaurants (“Pie Five Units”) and ghost kitchens (“Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Units”) under the trademarks “Pie Five Pizza Company” or “Pie Five”. The Company also licenses Pizza Inn Express, or PIE, kiosks (“PIE Units”) under the trademark “Pizza Inn”. We facilitate food, equipment and supply distribution to our domestic and international system of restaurants through agreements with third-party distributors. At June 29, 2025, franchised and licensed restaurants consisted of the following:
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Index
Fiscal Year Ended June 29, 2025
(in thousands, except unit data)
Pizza Inn Pie Five All Concepts
Ending Units Retail Sales Ending Units Retail Sales Ending Units Retail Sales
The domestic units were located in 15 states predominately situated in the southern half of the United States. The international restaurants were located in eight foreign countries predominantly in the Middle East.
Fiscal years 2025 and 2024 included 52 and 53 weeks, respectively. In order to reflect comparable 53-week periods, week 53 of fiscal 2024 has been included in both periods in the presentation of retail sales, average units open and comparable store retail sales.
The following table summarizes domestic comparable store retail sales for the Company.
53 Weeks Ended
(in thousands)
Pizza Inn Domestic Comparable Store Retail Sales $ 104,717 $ 102,791
Pie Five Domestic Comparable Store Retail Sales 10,992 11,999
Pizza Inn Brand Summary
The following tables summarize certain key indicators for the Pizza Inn franchised and licensed domestic units that management believes are useful in evaluating performance:
53 Weeks Ended
Pizza Inn Retail Sales - Total Domestic Units (in thousands, except unit data)
Delco/Express Units - Franchised 3,209 3,846
PIE Units - Licensed 24 70
Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 7 4
Pizza Inn Comparable Store Retail Sales - Total Domestic $ 104,717 $ 102,791
Pizza Inn Average Units Open in Period
Buffet Units - Franchised 77 76
Delco/Express Units - Franchised 21 29
PIE Units - Licensed 1 4
Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 1 —
Pizza Inn total domestic retail sales increased by $2.0 million, or 1.9%, for fiscal 2025 when compared to the prior 53 weeks. Compared to the prior year, average Buffet Units open in the period increased from 76 to 77. Comparable store retail sales increased by $1.9 million to $104.7 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to the prior 53 weeks. For fiscal 2025, the increase in domestic retail sales were primarily the result of the increase in Buffet Units, supplemented by an increase in comparable domestic store retail sales.
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Index
The following chart summarizes Pizza Inn restaurant activity for the fiscal year ended June 29, 2025:
Fiscal Year Ended June 29, 2025
Beginning Units Opened Concept Change Transfer Closed Ending Units
Delco/Express Units - Franchised 23 — — — 8 15
PIE Units - Licensed 3 — — — 2 1
Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 1 — — — — 1
International Units (all types) 24 8 — — 10 22
There was a net decrease of nine units in the total domestic Pizza Inn unit count during fiscal 2025. There were five transfers in the total domestic Pizza Inn unit count during fiscal 2025. For fiscal 2025, the number of international Pizza Inn units decreased by two units. Eight units in Oman were closed following the non-renewal of their franchise agreement. There were zero transfers in the total international Pizza Inn unit count during fiscal 2025. The Company believes the number of both domestic and international Pizza Inn units will increase modestly in future periods.
Pie Five Brand Summary
The following tables summarize certain key indicators for the Pie Five franchised restaurants that management believes are useful in evaluating performance:
53 Weeks Ended
Pie Five Retail Sales - Total Domestic Units (in thousands, except unit data)
Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 274 11
Pie Five Comparable Store Retail Sales - Total $ 10,992 $ 11,999
Pie Five Average Units Open in Period
Pie Five Units - Franchised 18 24
Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 2 1
Total Domestic Units 20 25
Pie Five total domestic retail sales decreased by $5.6 million, or 33.2%, for fiscal 2025 when compared to the prior year. Compared to the prior year, average units open in the period decreased from 25 to 20. Comparable store retail sales decreased by $1.0 million to $11.0 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to the prior year. For fiscal 2025, the decrease in domestic retail sales were primarily the result of the decrease in store count, supplemented by a decrease in comparable store retail sales. The highest-volume Pie Five unit closed during the last week of fiscal 2024. This location accounted for approximately 13.6% of Pie Five's total domestic retail sales for fiscal 2024.
The following chart summarizes Pie Five restaurant activity for the fiscal year ended June 29, 2025:
Fiscal Year Ended June 29, 2025
Beginning Units Opened Concept Change Transfer Closed Ending Units
Pie Five Units - Franchised 18 — (1 ) — 1 16
Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Units - Franchised 2 — — 1 1 1
Total Domestic Units 20 — (1 ) 1 2 17
The was a net decrease of three units in the total domestic Pie Five unit count during fiscal 2025. There was a net decrease of one Pie Five Ghost Kitchen Unit during fiscal 2025. One Pie Five unit converted to become a Pizza Inn Buffet unit. We believe that Pie Five units will decrease modestly in future periods.
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Financial Results
In addition to Corporate overhead support, the Company defines its operating segments as Pizza Inn Franchising and Pie Five Franchising. The following is additional business segment information for the Fiscal Years ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Pizza Inn Franchising Pie Five Franchising Corporate Total
Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended
REVENUES:
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Provision (recovery) for credit losses — — — — (21 ) 69 (21 ) 69
Depreciation and amortization expense — — — — 182 219 182 219
Revenues:
Revenues are derived from franchise royalties, supplier and distributor incentives, franchise license fees, area development exclusivity fees and foreign master license fees, advertising fund contributions, supplier convention funds, rental income, and other income. The volume of supplier and distributor incentive revenues is dependent on the level of total retail sales, which are impacted by changes in comparable store sales and restaurant count, as well as the products sold to franchisees through third-party food distributors.
Total revenues for fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024 were $12.0 million and $12.2 million, respectively.
Pizza Inn Franchise and License
Pizza Inn franchise revenues increased by $0.5 million to $10.8 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to $10.3 million for fiscal 2024. The 4.8% increase was driven by increased advertising fund revenues due to an increase in the average contribution rate from new stores and expiring rate abatements from existing stores and increased supplier and distributor incentives under the terms of new contracted pricing.
Pie Five Franchise and License
Pie Five franchise revenues decreased by $0.5 million to $1.2 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to $1.7 million for fiscal 2024. The 30.7% decrease was driven by decreases in domestic royalties related to a decrease in system-wide sales.
Costs and Expenses:
General and Administrative Expenses
Total general and administrative expenses decreased by $0.1 million to $5.2 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to $5.3 million for fiscal 2024. The 1.0% decrease was driven by decreases in recruiting fees, offset by increases in salaries.
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Franchise Expenses
Franchise expenses include general and administrative expenses directly related to the sale and continuing service of domestic and international franchises. Total franchise expenses decreased by $0.3 million to $3.4 million in fiscal 2025 as compared to $3.7 million for fiscal 2024. Pizza Inn franchise expenses remained relatively stable at $3.0 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to fiscal 2024. The 0.4% increase was driven by increases in advertising fees, offset by decreases in salaries directly related to franchise operations. Pie Five franchise expenses decreased $0.3 million to $0.4 million for fiscal 2025 compared to $0.7 million for fiscal 2024. The 40.4% decrease was driven by decreases in salaries directly related to franchise operations and advertising fees.
Provision (Recovery) for Credit Losses
The Company monitors franchisee receivable balances and adjusts credit terms when necessary to minimize the Company’s exposure to high-risk accounts receivable. For fiscal 2025, recoveries for credit losses were $21 thousand compared to provision for credit losses of $69 thousand for fiscal 2024. During fiscal 2025, the Company recorded a gain in provision for credit losses due to the recoveries of receivables that had been previously reserved, partially offset by losses due to write offs of receivables.
Interest Income
Interest income increased by $201 thousand for fiscal 2025 to $354 thousand compared to $153 thousand in the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by interest received on short-term investments, all of which were U.S. Treasury bills.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $37 thousand for fiscal 2025 to $182 thousand compared to $219 thousand in the prior year. The decrease was primarily the result of lower depreciation of equipment due to an overall decrease in capital expenditures.
Provision for Income Taxes
Total income tax expense consists of the following (in thousands):
Fiscal Year Ended
Federal tax expense $ 793 $ 530
Total income tax expense $ 918 $ 619
For the year ended June 29, 2025, the Company recorded an income tax expense of $918 thousand. The federal and state tax expense was $793 thousand and $125 thousand, respectively. The increase was primarily driven by increases in federal taxes, primarily due to higher taxable income and fewer discrete tax items related to restricted stock units vesting in the prior year. The Company utilized net operating losses to offset federal taxes payable. At the end of tax year ended June 29, 2025, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards totaling $16 million that are available to reduce future taxable income and will begin to expire in 2035. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, approximately $1.3 million of the loss carryforwards are limited to 80% and do not expire. Tax years that remain subject to examination by the IRS are the years ended June 28, 2022 through June 30, 2024. Tax years that remain subject to examination by state authorities are the years ended June 30, 2021 through June 30, 2024.
The Company continually reviews the realizability of its deferred tax assets, including an analysis of factors such as future taxable income, reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, and tax planning strategies. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Future sources of taxable income are also considered in determining the amount of any required valuation allowance.
There are no material uncertain tax positions. Management’s position is that all relevant requirements are met and necessary returns have been filed, and therefore the tax positions taken on the tax returns would be sustained upon examination.
Earnings per Share
Basic net income per common share increased $0.02 per share to $0.19 per share for fiscal 2025 compared to $0.17 per share in the prior fiscal year. Diluted net income per common share increased $0.02 per share to $0.19 per share for fiscal 2025 compared to $0.17 per share in the prior fiscal year. Net income increased $0.2 million to net income of $2.7 million for fiscal 2025 compared to a net income of $2.5 million for the prior fiscal year on revenues of $12.0 million for fiscal 2025 as compared to $12.2 million in fiscal 2024.
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Index
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA for the fiscal year ended June 29, 2025, increased to $3.6 million compared to $3.2 million for the prior fiscal year. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods shown (in thousands):
Fiscal Year Ended
Depreciation and amortization 182 219
Stock-based compensation expense 136 149
Franchisee default and closed store revenue (13 ) (156 )
Results of operations for the fiscal years 2025 and 2024 included 52 and 53 weeks, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources and Uses of Funds
During fiscal 2025, the Company's primary source of liquidity was proceeds from operating activities.
Cash flows from operating activities generally reflect net income adjusted for certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization, changes in deferred taxes, stock-based compensation, short-term investment discount amortization, and changes in working capital. Cash provided by operating activities was $3.4 million in fiscal 2025 compared to cash provided by operating activities of $2.8 million in fiscal 2024. The primary driver of increased operating cash flow during fiscal 2025 was increased collections of accounts receivable related to the payment of franchise receivables.
Cash flows from investing activities reflect purchases and maturities of short-term investments as well as net proceeds from the sale of assets and capital expenditures for the purchase of Company assets. Cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2025 was $2.0 million compared to cash used in investing activities of $4.9 million in fiscal 2024. Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2025 was primarily attributable to increased activity related to the purchase and redemption of short-term investments.
Cash flows used in financing activities generally reflect changes in the Company's stock and debt activity during the period. Net cash used in financing activities was $1.4 million for fiscal 2025 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $0.3 million for fiscal 2024. Net cash used by financing activities in fiscal 2025 was primarily attributable to repurchases of the Company's stock. On February 24, 2025, the Company repurchased 500,000 shares at $2.40 per share in a negotiated transaction. Net cash used by financing activities in fiscal 2024 was primarily attributable to taxes paid on vested Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”).
Liquidity
We expect to fund continuing operations and planned capital expenditures for the next fiscal year primarily from cash on hand and operating cash flow. Based on budgeted and year-to-date cash flow information, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our cash requirements for the 2026 fiscal year and beyond.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically. Actual results could differ materially from estimates.
The Company believes the following critical accounting policies require estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain, are susceptible to change, and therefore require subjective judgments. Changes in the estimates and judgments could significantly impact the Company’s results of operations and financial condition in future periods.
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Index
Accounts receivable consist primarily of receivables generated from franchise royalties and supplier concessions. The Company records an allowance for credit losses to allow for any amounts which may be unrecoverable based upon an analysis of the Company’s prior collection experience, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. Actual realization of accounts receivable could differ materially from the Company’s estimates.
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Impairment is evaluated based on the sum of undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from use and eventual disposition of the assets compared to their carrying value. If impairment is indicated, the carrying value of an impaired asset is reduced to its fair value, based on discounted estimated future cash flows.
Franchise revenue consists of income from license fees, royalties, area development and foreign master license agreements, advertising fund revenues, supplier incentive and convention contribution revenues. Franchise fees, area development and foreign master license agreement fees are amortized into revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the related contract agreement. In event of a closed franchise or defaulted development agreement, the remaining balance of unamortized license fees will be recognized in entirety as of the date of the closure or default. Royalties and advertising fund revenues, which are based on a percentage of franchise retail sales, are recognized as income as retail sales occur. Supplier incentive revenues are recognized as earned, typically as the underlying commodities are shipped.
The Company continually reviews the realizability of its deferred tax assets, including an analysis of factors such as future taxable income, reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, and tax planning strategies. The Company assesses whether a valuation allowance should be established against its deferred tax assets based on consideration of all available evidence, using a “more likely than not” standard. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. In making such assessment, more weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified, including recent operating performance. Future sources of taxable income are also considered in determining the amount of the recorded valuation allowance.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740-10, which prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that it has taken or expects to take on a tax return. ASC 740-10 requires that a company recognize in its financial statements the impact of tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company had no uncertain tax positions.
The Company assesses its exposures to loss contingencies from legal matters based upon factors such as the current status of the cases and consultations with external counsel and provides for the exposure by accruing an amount if it is judged to be probable and can be reasonably estimated. If the actual loss from a contingency differs from management’s estimate, operating results could be adversely impacted.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the arrangement. To the extent that it can be determined that an arrangement represents a lease, it is classified as either an operating lease or a finance lease. The Company does not currently have any finance leases. The Company capitalizes operating leases on the Consolidated Balance Sheets through a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Short-term leases that have an initial term of one year or less are not capitalized. The Company does not presently have any short-term leases.
Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of an arrangement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In addition to the present value of lease payments, the operating lease right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made to the lessor prior to lease commencement less any lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Not required for a smaller reporting company.
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
See information set forth on Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data appearing on page F-1 of this report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
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Index
ITEM 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report, were effective in assuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s management based its evaluation on criteria set forth in the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based upon that evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 29, 2025.
ITEM 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION.
During the quarter ended June 29, 2025, no director or officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement, as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
PART III
ITEM 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
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PART IV
ITEM 15.
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
1.
The financial statements filed as part of this report are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data appearing on page F-1 of this report on Form 10-K.
2.
Any financial statement schedule filed as part of this report is listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data appearing on page F-1 of this report on Form 10-K.
3.
Exhibits:
19.1 Rave Restaurant Group, Inc. Insider Trading Policy
23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
32.1 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
32.2 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
101 Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T.
*Management contract or compensatory plan or agreement.
ITEM 16.
FORM 10-K SUMMARY.
None.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Rave Restaurant Group, Inc.
Date: September 25, 2025 By: /s/ Brandon L. Solano
Brandon L. Solano
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name and Position Date
/s/ Brandon L. Solano
Brandon L. Solano
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer) September 25, 2025
/s/ Mark E. Schwarz
Mark E. Schwarz
Director and Chairman of the Board September 25, 2025
/s/ Robert B. Page
Robert B. Page
/s/ William C. Hammett, Jr.
William C. Hammett, Jr.
/s/ Clinton J. Coleman
Clinton J. Coleman
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Index
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Description Page No.
Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024 F-4
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-7
F-1
Index
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Rave Restaurant Group, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Rave Restaurant Group, Inc and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 29, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 29, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.
/s/ Whitley Penn LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2023.
Plano, Texas
September 25, 2025
F-2
Index
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Fiscal Year Ended
COSTS AND EXPENSES
Impairment of long-lived assets and other lease charges — — 5
Provision (recovery) for credit losses (21 ) 69 73
Interest (income) expense (354 ) (153 ) 1
Depreciation and amortization expense 182 219 214
INCOME PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-3
Index
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share amounts)
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,859 $ 2,886
Notes receivable, current 45 68
Assets held for sale 38 33
Deferred contract charges, current 21 26
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 335 167
LONG-TERM ASSETS
Property and equipment, net 137 182
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 489 817
Intangible assets definite-lived, net 182 252
Notes receivable, net of current portion 75 79
Deferred contract charges, net of current portion 186 197
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable - trade $ 207 $ 359
Operating lease liabilities, current 370 402
Deferred revenues, current 308 343
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 206 555
Deferred revenues, net of current portion 457 543
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (SEE NOTE I)
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Treasury stock, at cost
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 16,557 $ 15,819
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-4
Index
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In thousands)
Common Stock Additional Paid-in Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Total
Shares Amount Capital Shares Amount
Stock-based compensation expense — — 345 — — — 345
Purchase of treasury stock — — — — (3,357 ) (4,979 ) (4,979 )
Common Stock Additional Paid-in Retained Treasury Stock Total
Shares Amount Capital Earnings Shares Amount
Stock-based compensation expense — — 149 — — — 149
RSU vested and taxes paid on RSUs 432 4 (315 ) — — — (311 )
Common Stock Additional Paid-in Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Total
Shares Amount Capital Shares Amount
Stock-based compensation expense — — 136 — — — 136
RSU vested and taxes paid on RSUs 125 1 (183 ) — — — (182 )
Purchase of treasury stock — — — — (500 ) (1,204 ) (1,204 )
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-5
Index
RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
Fiscal Year Ended
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of discount on short-term investment (115 ) (50 ) —
Impairment of long-lived assets and other lease charges — — 5
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets 352 410 505
Amortization of definite-lived intangible assets 81 84 73
Non-cash lease expense 24 46 —
Provision (recovery) for credit losses (21 ) 69 73
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Deferred contract charges 16 30 7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (168 ) 37 (58 )
Operating lease liabilities (429 ) (511 ) (558 )
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of short-term investments (14,117 ) (10,115 ) —
Maturities of short-term investments 12,153 5,220 —
Purchase of assets held for sale (19 ) — —
Proceeds from sale of assets held for sale 14 3 7
Purchase of definite-lived intangible assets (11 ) (8 ) (169 )
Purchase of property and equipment (56 ) (76 ) (65 )
Cash used in investing activities (2,036 ) (4,976 ) (227 )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of treasury stock (1,204 ) — (4,979 )
Taxes paid on issuance of restricted stock units (182 ) (311 ) —
Payments on short-term loan — — (30 )
Cash used in financing activities (1,386 ) (311 ) (5,009 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (27 ) (2,442 ) (2,395 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 2,886 5,328 7,723
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 2,859 $ 2,886 $ 5,328
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
CASH PAID FOR:
Interest $ — $ — $ 1
Income taxes (net of refunds) $ 122 $ 5 $ 87
NON-CASH ACTIVITIES:
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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RAVE RESTAURANT GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE A - ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Description of Business:
Rave Restaurant Group, Inc., and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”, or in the first person notations of “we”, “us” and “our”) franchise pizza buffet, delivery/carry-out, express restaurants and ghost kitchens domestically and internationally under the trademark “Pizza Inn” and franchise domestic fast casual restaurants under the trademarks “Pie Five Pizza Company” or “Pie Five”. The Company also licenses pizza kiosks under the “Pizza Inn” trademark. We facilitate the procurement and distribution of food, equipment and supplies to our domestic and international system of restaurants through agreements with third-party distributors.
As of June 29, 2025, we had 117 franchised Pizza Inn restaurants, 17 franchised Pie Five Units, and one licensed Pizza Inn Express, or PIE, kiosk (“PIE Units”). The 95 domestic franchised Pizza Inn restaurants were comprised of 79 pizza buffet restaurants (“Buffet Units”), five delivery/carry-out restaurants (“Delco Units”), 10 express restaurants (“Express Units”), and one ghost kitchen (“Pizza Inn Ghost Kitchen Units”). As of June 29, 2025, there were 22 international franchised Pizza Inn restaurants. Domestic Pizza Inn restaurants and kiosks were located predominantly in the southern half of the United States, with Texas, North Carolina, Arkansas and Mississippi accounting for approximately 20%, 19%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of the total number of domestic units.
Principles of Consolidation:
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rave Restaurant Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned. All appropriate inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Cash and Cash Equivalents:
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Short-Term Investments:
The Company holds short-term investments in U.S. Treasury bills, classified as trading securities. Accordingly, interest income is recorded through the Consolidated Statements of Income, when earned. Management has elected to classify all U.S. Treasury bills as short-term, regardless of their maturity dates, as these are readily available to fund current operations and can be liquidated at any time at the discretion of the Company. As of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company held treasury bills valued at approximately $7.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, which are included within short-term investments on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest income is reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Cash Flows. For the years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023, interest income recognized on the treasury bills was $313 thousand, $151 thousand, and zero, respectively.
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Index
Fair Value Measurements:
Assets and liabilities carried at fair value are categorized based on the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Authoritative guidance for fair value measurements establishes a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into the following three levels:
Level 1:
Inputs are unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level 2:
Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level 3:
Inputs are unobservable and therefore reflect management’s best estimate of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The fair value of the Company’s investments in U.S. Treasury bills at June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, was determined using level 1 observable inputs.
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands):
The Company has no financial assets or liabilities classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
These items are classified in their entirety based on the lowest priority level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the placement of assets and liabilities within the levels of the fair value hierarchy.
Concentration of Credit Risk:
Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. Balances in accounts are insured up to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) limits of $250 thousand per institution. At June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company had cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of FDIC insurance coverage of approximately $2.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively. We do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.
The Company invests in U.S. Treasury bills, which are considered short-term investments. While U.S. Treasury bills are not insured by the FDIC, they are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. However, following the downgrade of the U.S. sovereign credit rating, the Company recognizes that the long-term fiscal outlook of the United States has weakened. Nevertheless, the Company believes the credit risk associated with these investments is minimal.
Notes receivable, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of promissory notes from franchise agreements and structured Company-financed sales of assets. At June 29, 2025, and at various times during the fiscal year then ended, the Company had concentrations of credit risk with three franchisees on notes receivables with long-term maturities. At June 30, 2024, and at various times during the fiscal year then ended, the Company had concentrations of credit risk with four franchisees on notes receivables with both short and long term maturities. As of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the financed asset sales were executed with a weighted average interest rate of 5.3% and 4.8%, respectively. Principal payments are due weekly or monthly and mature from January 1, 2027 to July 5, 2028.
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Property and Equipment:
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Repairs and maintenance are charged to operations as incurred while major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Upon the sale or disposition of any property or equipment, the asset and the related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and the gain or loss is included in operations. The Company capitalizes interest on borrowings during the active construction period of major capital projects. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the underlying asset and amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset.
Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or, in the case of leasehold improvements, over the term of the lease including any reasonably assured renewal periods, if shorter. The useful lives of the assets range from three to ten years.
Leases:
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the arrangement. To the extent that it can be determined that an arrangement represents a lease, it is classified as either an operating lease or a finance lease. The Company does not currently have any finance leases. The Company capitalizes operating leases on the Consolidated Balance Sheets through a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Short-term leases that have an initial term of one year or less are not capitalized. The Company does not presently have any short-term leases.
Operating lease right of use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of an arrangement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In addition to the present value of lease payments, the operating lease right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made to the lessor prior to lease commencement less any lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Nature of Leases
The Company leases certain office space, restaurant space, and information technology equipment under non-cancelable leases to support its operations. A more detailed description of significant lease types is included below.
Office Space Agreements
The Company rents office space from third parties for its corporate location. Office space agreements are typically structured with non-cancelable terms of one to 10 years. The Company has concluded that its office space agreements represent operating leases with a lease term that equals the primary non-cancelable contract term. Upon completion of the primary term, both parties have substantive rights to terminate the lease. As a result, enforceable rights and obligations do not exist under the rental agreement subsequent to the primary term.
Restaurant Space Agreements
The Company subleased one of its restaurant spaces to a third-party through January 2025. The Company has no plans to enter into future sublease arrangements.
Information Technology Equipment Agreements
The Company rents information technology equipment, primarily printers and copiers, from a third party for its corporate office location. Information technology equipment agreements are typically structured with non-cancelable terms of one to five years. The Company has concluded that its information technology equipment agreements are operating leases.
Discount Rate
Leases typically do not provide an implicit interest rate. Accordingly, the Company is required to use its incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments based on the information available at the lease commencement date. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate reflects the estimated rate of interest that it would pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The Company uses the implicit rate in the limited circumstances in which that rate is readily determinable.
Lease Guarantees
The Company has guaranteed the financial responsibilities of certain franchised store leases. These guaranteed leases are not considered operating leases because the Company does not have the right to control the underlying asset. If the franchisee abandons the lease and fails to meet the lease’s financial obligations, the lessor may assign the lease to the Company for the remainder of the term. If the Company does not expect to assign the abandoned lease to a new franchisee within 12 months, the lease will be considered an operating lease and a right-of-use asset, and lease liability will be recognized.
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Future minimum rental payments for guaranteed leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more at June 29, 2025 were as follows (in thousands):
Guaranteed Leases
Practical Expedients and Accounting Policy Elections
Certain lease agreements include lease and non-lease components. For all existing asset classes with multiple component types, the Company has utilized the practical expedient that exempts it from separating lease components from non-lease components. Accordingly, the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components in an arrangement as a single lease component.
In addition, for all existing asset classes, the Company has made an accounting policy election not to apply the lease recognition requirements to short-term leases (that is, a lease that, at commencement, has a lease term of 12 months or less and does not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise). Accordingly, we recognize lease payments related to our short-term leases in our income statements on a straight-line basis over the lease term which has not changed from our prior recognition. To the extent that there are variable lease payments, we recognize those payments in our income statements in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.
Impairment of Long-Lived Asset and Other Lease Charges:
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Impairment is evaluated based on the sum of undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from use and eventual disposition of the assets compared to their carrying value. If impairment is indicated, the carrying value of an impaired asset is reduced to its fair value, based on discounted estimated future cash flows. For the years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023, impairment expense was zero, zero, and $5 thousand, respectively.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses:
Accounts receivable consist primarily of receivables generated from franchise royalties and supplier concessions. The Company records an allowance for credit losses to allow for any amounts that may be unrecoverable based upon an analysis of the Company's prior collection experience, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance. Finance charges may be accrued at a rate of 18% per year, or up to the maximum amount allowed by law, on past due receivables. The interest income recorded from finance charges is immaterial.
The Company monitors franchisee receivable balances and adjusts credit terms when necessary to minimize the Company’s exposure to high-risk accounts receivable. For fiscal 2025, recoveries for credit losses were $21 thousand compared to provision for credit losses of $69 thousand for fiscal 2024.
Changes in the allowance for credit losses consisted of the following (in thousands):
Balance at beginning of year $ 57 $ 58
Provision (recovery) for credit losses (21 ) 69
Amounts written off (5 ) (70 )
Ending balance $ 31 $ 57
Notes Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses:
Notes receivable primarily consist of promissory notes arising from franchisee agreements and structured Company-financed sales of assets. The majority of amounts and terms are evidenced by formal promissory notes and personal guarantees. All notes allow for early payment without penalty. Fixed principal payments are due monthly. Notes receivable mature at various dates through 2028 and bear interest at a weighted average rate of 5.3% and 4.8% at June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.
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Notes receivable are reported at original issue amount less principal repaid, reduced by an allowance for credit losses. An allowance for expected credit losses is determined based on a specific assessment of all notes that are delinquent or determined to be doubtful to be collected. Notes are considered delinquent if the repayment terms are not met. All amounts deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses in the period that determination is made.
The allowance for credit losses for notes receivable incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each note upon asset origination. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification. As of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, there were no modifications to notes receivable.
In evaluating the notes receivable, the Company determines that the notes are pooled based on historical collections and write-offs for purposes of determining its allowance for credit losses related to notes receivable. These notes have an amortized cost of approximately $120 thousand and $147 thousand at June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. Historical loss information for notes receivable at the Company shows a 0% loss rate over the contractual term.
As of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company has not recorded any allowance for credit losses related to the notes receivable balances. Additionally, as of June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company did not have any notes receivable with past due or non-accrual status. The total amount of write-offs and recoveries of notes receivable were zero for the fiscal years ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024.
The expected principal collections on notes receivable for the next three years are as follows as of June 29, 2025 (in thousands):
Notes Receivable
Income Taxes: