Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes thereto. Historical results and percentage relationships set forth in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes, including trends which might appear, should not be taken as indicative of future operations.
Executive Summary
Our Company
Brixmor Property Group Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, "BPG") is an internally-managed corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT"). Brixmor Operating Partnership LP and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Operating Partnership") is the entity through which BPG conducts substantially all of its operations and owns substantially all of its assets. BPG owns 100% of the limited liability company interests of BPG Subsidiary LLC ("BPG Sub"), which, in turn, is the sole member of Brixmor OP GP LLC (the "General Partner"), the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, "we," "our," and "us" mean BPG and the Operating Partnership, collectively. We own and operate one of the largest publicly traded open-air retail portfolios by gross leasable area ("GLA") in the United States ("U.S."), comprised primarily of community and neighborhood shopping centers. As of December 31, 2024, our portfolio was comprised of 363 shopping centers (the "Portfolio") totaling approximately 64 million square feet of GLA. Our high-quality national Portfolio is primarily located within established trade areas in the top 50 Core-Based Statistical Areas in the U.S., and our shopping centers are primarily anchored by non-discretionary and value-oriented retailers, as well as consumer-oriented service providers. As of December 31, 2024, our three largest tenants by annualized base rent ("ABR") were The TJX Companies, Inc. ("TJX"), The Kroger Co. ("Kroger"), and Burlington Stores, Inc. ("Burlington"). BPG has been organized and operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under U.S. federal income tax laws commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2011, has maintained such requirements through our taxable year ended December 31, 2024, and intends to satisfy such requirements for subsequent taxable years.
Our primary objective is to maximize total returns to our stockholders through consistent, sustainable growth in cash flow. Our key strategies to achieve this objective include proactively managing our Portfolio to drive internal growth, pursuing value-enhancing reinvestment opportunities, and prudently executing on acquisition and disposition activity, while also maintaining a flexible capital structure positioned for growth. In addition, as we execute on our key strategies, we do so guided by our Corporate Responsibility strategy.
We believe the following set of competitive advantages positions us to successfully execute on our key strategies:
•Expansive Retailer Relationships – We believe that the scale of our asset base and our nationwide footprint represent competitive advantages in supporting the growth objectives of the nation’s largest and most successful retailers. We believe that we are one of the largest landlords by GLA to TJX, Kroger, and Burlington, as well as a key landlord to most major grocers and retail category leaders. We believe that our strong relationships with leading retailers afford us unique insight into their strategies and priority access to their expansion plans.
•Fully-Integrated Operating Platform – We manage a fully-integrated operating platform, leveraging our national scope and demonstrating our commitment to operating with a strong regional and local presence. We provide our tenants with dedicated service through both our national accounts leasing team based in New York and our network of three regional offices in Atlanta, Philadelphia and San Diego, as well as our 11 leasing and property management satellite offices throughout the country. We believe that this structure enables us to obtain critical national market intelligence, while also benefiting from the regional and local expertise of our leasing and operations teams.
•Experienced Management – Senior members of our management team are seasoned real estate operators with extensive public company leadership experience. Our management team has deep industry knowledge and well-established relationships with retailers, brokers, and vendors through many years of operational and transactional experience, as well as significant capital markets capabilities and expertise in executing value-enhancing reinvestment opportunities.
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Factors That May Influence Our Future Results
We derive our rental income primarily from base rent and expense reimbursements paid by tenants to us under existing leases at each of our properties. Expense reimbursements primarily consist of payments made by tenants to us for a portion of property operating expenses, such as common area expenses, utilities, insurance, and real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties.
Our ability to maintain or increase rental income is primarily dependent on our ability to maintain or increase rental rates, renew expiring leases, and/or lease available space. Increases in our property operating expenses, including repairs and maintenance, landscaping, snow removal, security, ground rent related to properties for which we are the lessee, utilities, insurance, real estate taxes, and various other costs, to the extent they are not reimbursed by tenants or offset by increases in rental income, will adversely impact our overall performance. See "Forward-Looking Statements" included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding risk factors that could affect our financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Leasing Highlights
As of December 31, 2024, billed and leased occupancy were 91.4% and 95.2%, respectively, compared to 90.6% and 94.7%, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
The following table summarizes our executed leasing activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands, except for per square foot ("PSF") amounts):
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
(1)Based on comparable leases only, which consist of new leases signed on units that were occupied within the prior 12 months and renewal or option leases signed with the same tenant in all or a portion of the same location or that include the expansion into space that was occupied within the prior 12 months.
Excludes leases executed for terms of less than one year.
ABR PSF includes the GLA of lessee-owned leasehold improvements.
Acquisition Activity
•During the year ended December 31, 2024, we acquired seven shopping centers and two land parcels for an aggregate purchase price of $293.8 million, including transaction costs and closing credits.
•During the year ended December 31, 2023, we acquired two land parcels for an aggregate purchase price of $2.3 million, including transaction costs and closing credits.
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Disposition Activity
•During the year ended December 31, 2024, we disposed of six shopping centers, six partial shopping centers, and two land parcels for aggregate net proceeds of $208.2 million, resulting in aggregate gain of $76.2 million and aggregate impairment of $0.5 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we received aggregate net proceeds of $1.9 million related to land at one shopping center previously seized through eminent domain and resolved contingencies related to previously disposed assets, resulting in aggregate gain of $1.9 million.
•During the year ended December 31, 2023, we disposed of 11 shopping centers and nine partial shopping centers for aggregate net proceeds of $182.0 million, resulting in aggregate gain of $65.3 million and aggregate impairment of $6.1 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2023, we disposed of a non-operating asset and resolved contingencies related to previously disposed assets for aggregate net proceeds of $0.3 million, resulting in aggregate gain of $0.1 million.
Results of Operations
The results of operations discussion is combined for BPG and the Operating Partnership because there are no material differences in the results of operations between the two reporting entities.
Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2024 to the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Revenues (in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues
Rental income
The increase in rental income for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $39.6 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was due to a $47.6 million increase for assets owned for the full period, partially offset by an $8.0 million decrease due to net transaction activity. The increase for assets owned for the full period was due to (i) a $38.8 million increase in base rent; (ii) a $7.2 million increase in straight-line rental income, net; (iii) a $7.1 million increase in expense reimbursements; (iv) a $0.5 million increase in percentage rents; and (v) a $0.3 million increase in ancillary and other rental income; partially offset by (vi) a $4.1 million decrease in rental income associated with revenues deemed uncollectible; (vii) a $1.2 million decrease in accretion of below-market leases, net of amortization of above-market leases and tenant inducements; and (viii) a $1.0 million decrease in lease termination fees. The $38.8 million increase in base rent for assets owned for the full period was primarily due to contractual rent increases, positive rent spreads for new and renewal leases and option exercises of 16.5% during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 15.3% during the year ended December 31, 2023, and an increase in weighted average billed occupancy.
Other revenues
The increase in other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $0.4 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was primarily due to an increase in tax increment financing income.
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Operating Expenses (in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Operating expenses
Operating costs
The increase in operating costs for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $6.4 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was due to a $9.1 million increase in operating costs for assets owned for the full period, primarily due to an increase in repairs and maintenance and insurance, partially offset by a $2.7 million decrease due to net transaction activity.
Real estate taxes
The decrease in real estate taxes for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $9.2 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was due to a $6.8 million decrease in real estate taxes for assets owned for the full period, primarily due to an increase in favorable adjustments related to prior year assessments and a decrease in current year assessments, in addition to a $2.4 million decrease due to net transaction activity, partially offset by a decrease in real estate tax refunds.
Depreciation and amortization
The increase in depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $19.1 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was due to an $18.1 million increase for assets owned for the full period, primarily due to an increase in capital expenditures and an increase in accelerated depreciation and amortization related to tenant move-outs, in addition to a $1.0 million increase due to net transaction activity.
Impairment of real estate assets
During the year ended December 31, 2024, aggregate impairment of $11.1 million was recognized on one partial shopping center and one land parcel as a result of disposition activity, and two operating properties. During the year ended December 31, 2023, aggregate impairment of $17.8 million was recognized on two shopping centers and two partial shopping centers as a result of disposition activity, and one operating property.
General and administrative
The decrease in general and administrative costs of $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was primarily due to a decrease in office rent expense, partially offset by an increase in net compensation costs.
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, construction compensation costs of $18.9 million and $18.5 million, respectively, were capitalized to building and improvements and leasing legal costs of $3.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively, and leasing commission costs of $7.6 million and $7.9 million, respectively, were capitalized to deferred charges and prepaid expenses, net.
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Other Income and Expenses (in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Other income (expense)
Dividends and interest
The increase in dividends and interest for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $20.1 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was primarily due to an increase in interest income associated with higher cash and cash equivalent balances and a higher weighted average interest rate return.
Interest expense
The increase in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $25.3 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was primarily due to higher overall debt obligations, in addition to a higher weighted average interest rate.
Gain on sale of real estate assets
During the year ended December 31, 2024, six shopping centers, five partial shopping centers, and one land parcel were disposed of resulting in aggregate gain of $76.2 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we received aggregate net proceeds of $1.9 million related to land at one shopping center previously seized through eminent domain and resolved contingencies relating to previously disposed assets, resulting in aggregate gain of $1.9 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, nine shopping centers and seven partial shopping centers were disposed of resulting in aggregate gain of $65.3 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2023, we disposed of a non-operating asset and resolved contingencies relating to a previously disposed asset, resulting in aggregate gain of $0.1 million.
Gain on extinguishment of debt, net
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased $67.7 million of the $700.0 million 2025 Notes then outstanding, resulting in a $0.6 million gain on extinguishment of debt. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased $199.6 million of the $500.0 million 2024 Notes then outstanding, resulting in a $4.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt.
Other
The increase in other expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $0.7 million, as compared to the corresponding period in 2023, was primarily due to an increase in transaction expenses, net.
Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2023 to the Year Ended December 31, 2022
See Item 7. "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 12, 2024, for a discussion of the comparison of the year ended December 31, 2023 to the year ended December 31, 2022.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We anticipate that our cash flows from the sources listed below will provide adequate capital for the next 12 months and beyond for all anticipated uses, including all scheduled payments on our outstanding debt, current and anticipated tenant and other capital improvements, stockholder distributions to maintain our qualification as a REIT, and other obligations associated with conducting our business.
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Our primary expected sources and uses of capital are as follows:
Sources
•cash and cash equivalent balances;
•operating cash flow;
•available borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility;
•issuance of long-term debt;
•dispositions; and
•issuance of equity securities.
Uses
•debt repayments;
•maintenance capital expenditures;
•leasing capital expenditures;
•dividend/distribution payments;
•value-enhancing reinvestment capital expenditures;
•acquisitions; and
•repurchases of equity securities.
We believe our capital structure provides us with the financial flexibility and capacity to fund our current capital needs as well as future growth opportunities. We generate significant operating cash flow and have access to multiple forms of external capital, including secured property level debt, unsecured corporate level debt, preferred equity, and common equity, which will allow us to efficiently execute on our strategic and operational objectives. We have investment grade credit ratings from all three major credit rating agencies. As of December 31, 2024, we had $1.63 billion of available liquidity, including $1.25 billion available under our Revolving Facility and $378.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. We intend to continue to enhance our financial and operational flexibility through periodic extensions of the duration of our debt.
Material Cash Requirements
Our expected material cash requirements for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and thereafter are comprised of (i) contractually obligated expenditures; (ii) other essential expenditures; and (iii) opportunistic expenditures.
Contractually Obligated Expenditures
The following table summarizes our debt maturities (excluding extension options), interest payment obligations, and obligations under non-cancelable operating leases (excluding renewal options), as of December 31, 2024 (dollars in millions):
(1) Amounts presented do not assume the issuance of new debt upon maturity of existing debt.
(2) Scheduled interest payments for variable rate loans are presented using rates (including the impact of interest rate swaps), as of December 31, 2024. See Item 7A. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" for a further discussion of these and other factors that could impact interest payments.
Other Essential Expenditures
We incur certain essential expenditures in the ordinary course of business, such as common area expenses, utilities, insurance, real estate taxes, capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, leasing capital expenditures, and corporate level expenses. The amount of common area expenses, utilities, and capital expenditures
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related to the maintenance of our properties that we incur depends on the scope of services that we provide, prevailing market rates, and the size and composition of our Portfolio. We carry comprehensive insurance to protect our Portfolio against various losses. The amount of insurance expense that we incur depends on the assessed values of our properties, prevailing market rates, and the size and composition of our Portfolio. We incur real estate taxes in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. The amount of real estate taxes that we incur depends on the assessed values of our properties, the tax rates assessed by various jurisdictions, and the size and composition of our Portfolio. Leasing capital expenditures represent tenant specific costs incurred to lease or renew space, including tenant improvements, tenant allowances, and external leasing commissions. The amount of leasing capital expenditures that we incur depends on the volume and nature of leasing activity. We incur corporate level expenses such as employee compensation costs, professional fees, corporate office rents, and other platform expenses. The amount of corporate level expenses that we incur depends on the size and composition of our Portfolio and platform and prevailing market wages and rates. Leases typically provide for the reimbursement of property operating expenses such as common area expenses, utilities, insurance, and real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties. However, costs that we incur generally do not decrease if revenue or occupancy decrease, and certain costs that we incur, such as corporate level expenses, are not typically reimbursed.
In order to continue to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must meet several organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we annually distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. We intend to continue to satisfy these requirements and maintain our REIT status. Our board of directors evaluates our dividend on a quarterly basis, taking into account a variety of relevant factors, including REIT taxable income. The following table summarizes our dividend activity for the fourth quarter of 2024 and the first quarter of 2025:
Dividend declared per common share $ 0.2875 $ 0.2875
Dividend declaration date October 23, 2024 February 5, 2025
Opportunistic Expenditures
We also utilize cash for opportunistic expenditures such as value-enhancing reinvestment and acquisition activity.
The amount of value-enhancing reinvestment capital expenditures that we incur depends on a variety of factors that may change from period to period, such as the number, total expected cost, and nature of value-enhancing reinvestment projects that are underway. See “Improvements to and investments in real estate assets” below for further information regarding our in-process reinvestment projects and our pipeline of future redevelopment projects.
The amount of future acquisition expenditures depends on the availability of opportunities that further concentrate our Portfolio in attractive retail submarkets and optimize the quality and long-term growth rate of our asset base. Our acquisition strategy focuses on buying assets with strong growth potential that are located in our existing markets and will allow us to leverage our operational platform and expertise to create value. Our acquisition activity may include acquisitions of open-air shopping centers or non-owned anchor spaces, retail buildings, and/or outparcels at, or adjacent to, our existing shopping centers.
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Our cash flow activities are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
Brixmor Property Group Inc.
Year Ended December 31,
Brixmor Operating Partnership LP
Year Ended December 31,
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities primarily consists of cash inflows from tenant rental payments and expense reimbursements and cash outflows for property operating costs, real estate taxes, general and administrative expenses, and interest expense.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, our net cash provided by operating activities increased $35.9 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to (i) an increase in same property net operating income; and (ii) an increase in cash inflows for dividends and interest income; partially offset by (iii) a decrease in cash from net working capital; (iv) a decrease in net operating income due to net transaction activity and other non-same property net operating income; (v) an increase in cash outflows for interest expense; (vi) an increase in cash outflows for general and administrative expense; and (vi) a decrease in lease termination fees.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities is primarily impacted by the nature, timing, and magnitude of acquisition and disposition activity and improvements to and investments in our shopping centers, including capital expenditures associated with our value-enhancing reinvestment activity.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, our net cash used in investing activities increased $273.9 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to (i) an increase of $291.5 million in acquisitions of real estate assets; (ii) an increase of $8.2 million in improvements to and investments in real estate assets; and (iii) an increase of $2.1 million in purchases of marketable securities, net of sales; partially offset by (iv) an increase of $27.9 million in net proceeds from sales of real estate assets.
Improvements to and investments in real estate assets
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we expended $353.4 million and $345.2 million, respectively, on improvements to and investments in real estate assets. Included in these amounts are insurance proceeds of $4.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, which were received during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Maintenance capital expenditures represent costs to fund major replacements and betterments to our properties. Leasing related capital expenditures represent tenant specific costs incurred to lease or renew space, including tenant improvements, tenant allowances, and external leasing commissions. In addition, we evaluate our Portfolio on an
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ongoing basis to identify value-enhancing reinvestment opportunities. Such initiatives are tenant driven and focus on upgrading our centers with strong, best-in-class retailers. As of December 31, 2024, we had 36 in-process anchor space repositioning, redevelopment, and outparcel development projects with an aggregate anticipated cost of $389.6 million, of which $181.8 million had been incurred as of December 31, 2024. In addition, we have identified a pipeline of future reinvestment projects, which we expect to execute over the next several years. We expect to fund these projects with cash and cash equivalents, net cash provided by operating activities, proceeds from sales of real estate assets, and/or proceeds from capital markets transactions.
Acquisitions of and proceeds from sales of real estate assets
We continue to evaluate the market for acquisition opportunities and we may acquire individual shopping centers or portfolios of shopping centers when we believe strategic opportunities exist, to further concentrate our Portfolio in attractive retail submarkets and optimize the quality and long-term growth rate of our asset base. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we acquired seven shopping centers and two land parcels for an aggregate purchase price of $293.8 million, including transaction costs and closing credits. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we acquired two land parcels for an aggregate purchase price of $2.3 million, including transaction costs and closing credits.
We may also dispose of properties when we believe value has been maximized, where there is downside risk, or where we have limited ability or desire to build critical mass in a particular submarket. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we disposed of six shopping centers, six partial shopping centers, and two land parcels for aggregate net proceeds of $208.2 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we received aggregate net proceeds of $1.9 million related to land at one shopping center previously seized through eminent domain and resolved contingencies related to previously disposed assets. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we disposed of 11 shopping centers and nine partial shopping centers for aggregate net proceeds of $182.0 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2023, we received aggregate net proceeds of $0.3 million related to a non-operating asset.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities is primarily impacted by the nature, timing, and magnitude of issuances and repurchases of debt and equity securities, as well as borrowings or principal payments associated with our outstanding indebtedness, including our Unsecured Credit Facility, and distributions made to our common stockholders.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, our net cash provided by (used in) financing activities increased $600.2 million, compared to the corresponding period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to (i) a $510.9 million increase in debt borrowings, net of repayments; (ii) a $114.7 million increase in issuances of common stock; and (iii) a $0.2 million increase in contributions from non-controlling interests; partially offset by (iv) a $15.9 million increase in distributions to our common stockholders; (v) a $6.9 million increase in deferred financing costs; and (vi) a $2.8 million increase in repurchases of common stock.
Non-GAAP Performance Measures
We present the non-GAAP performance measures set forth below. These measures should not be considered as alternatives to, or more meaningful than, net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP) or other GAAP financial measures, as an indicator of financial performance and are not alternatives to, or more meaningful than, cash flow from operating activities (calculated in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. Non-GAAP performance measures have limitations as they do not include all items of income and expense that affect operations, and accordingly, should always be considered as supplemental financial results to those calculated in accordance with GAAP. Our computation of these non-GAAP performance measures may differ in certain respects from the methodology utilized by other REITs and, therefore, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by such other REITs. Investors are cautioned that items excluded from these non-GAAP performance measures are relevant to understanding and addressing financial performance.
Funds From Operations
Nareit FFO (defined hereafter) is a supplemental, non-GAAP performance measure utilized to evaluate the operating and financial performance of real estate companies. Nareit defines funds from operations ("FFO") as net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP) excluding (i) depreciation and amortization related to real estate, (ii) gains
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and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets, (iii) gains and losses from change in control, (iv) impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities when the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of depreciable real estate held by the entity and (v) after adjustments for unconsolidated joint ventures calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis.
Considering the nature of our business as a real estate owner and operator, we believe that Nareit FFO is useful to investors in measuring our operating and financial performance because the definition excludes items included in net income that do not relate to or are not indicative of our operating and financial performance, such as depreciation and amortization related to real estate, and items which can make periodic and peer analyses of operating and financial performance more difficult, such as gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets and impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets.
Our reconciliation of net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP) to Nareit FFO for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Year Ended December 31,
Net income attributable to Brixmor Property Group Inc. $ 339,274 $ 305,087
Depreciation and amortization related to real estate 375,511 358,088
Gain on sale of real estate assets (78,064) (65,439)
Nareit FFO per diluted share $ 2.13 $ 2.04
Same Property Net Operating Income
Same property net operating income ("NOI") is a supplemental, non-GAAP performance measure utilized to evaluate the operating performance of real estate companies. Same property NOI is calculated (using properties owned for the entirety of both periods and excluding properties under development and completed new development properties that have been stabilized for less than one year) as total property revenues (base rent, expense reimbursements, adjustments for revenues deemed uncollectible, ancillary and other rental income, percentage rents, and other revenues) less direct property operating expenses (operating costs and real estate taxes). Same property NOI excludes (i) lease termination fees, (ii) straight-line rental income, net, (iii) accretion of below-market leases, net of amortization of above-market leases and tenant inducements, (iv) straight-line ground rent expense, net, (v) income or expense associated with our captive insurance company, (vi) depreciation and amortization, (vii) impairment of real estate assets, (viii) general and administrative expense, and (ix) other income and expense (including interest expense and gain on sale of real estate assets).
Considering the nature of our business as a real estate owner and operator, we believe that NOI is useful to investors in measuring the operating performance of our portfolio because the definition excludes various items included in net income that do not relate to, or are not indicative of, the operating performance of our properties, such as lease termination fees, straight-line rental income, net, accretion of below-market leases, net of amortization of above-market leases and tenant inducements, straight-line ground rent expense, net, income or expense associated with our captive insurance company, depreciation and amortization, impairment of real estate assets, general and administrative expense, and other income and expense (including interest expense and gain on sale of real estate assets). We believe that same property NOI is also useful to investors because it further eliminates disparities in NOI by only including NOI of properties owned for the entirety of both periods presented and excluding properties under development and completed new development properties that have been stabilized for less than one year and therefore provides a more consistent metric for comparing the operating performance of our real estate between periods.
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Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2024 to the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues
Operating expenses
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP) to same property NOI for the periods presented (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
Net income attributable to Brixmor Property Group Inc. $ 339,274 $ 305,087
Adjustments:
Straight-line ground rent expense 68 (31)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 2 —
Our Critical Accounting Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our historical financial condition and operating results is based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could ultimately differ from those estimates. The following accounting estimates are considered critical because they are particularly dependent on management’s judgment about matters that have a significant level of uncertainty at the time the accounting estimates are made, and changes to those estimates could have a material impact on our financial condition or operating results.
Revenue Recognition and Receivables - Estimating Collectability
We enter into agreements with tenants that convey the right to control the use of identified space at our shopping centers in exchange for rental revenue. These agreements meet the criteria for recognition as leases under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842, Leases. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. The cumulative difference between rental revenue recognized on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and contractual payment terms is recognized as deferred rent and included in Receivables, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We commence recognizing rental revenue based on the date we make the underlying asset available for use by the tenant. Leases also typically provide for the reimbursement of property
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operating expenses, including common area expenses, utilities, insurance, and real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, by the lessee and are recognized in the period the applicable expenditures are incurred and/or contractually required to be reimbursed.
We periodically evaluate the collectability of our receivables related to rental revenue, straight-line rent, expense reimbursements, and those attributable to other revenue generating activities. We analyze individual tenant receivables and consider tenant credit-worthiness, the length of time a receivable has been outstanding, and current economic trends when evaluating collectability. Any receivables that are deemed to be uncollectible are recognized as a reduction to Rental income on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Real Estate - Estimates Related to Valuing Acquired Assets and Liabilities
Real estate assets are recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Upon acquisition of real estate operating properties, we estimate the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, buildings, and tenant improvements) and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities (consisting of above- and below-market leases and in-place leases) based on an evaluation of available information. Transaction costs incurred during the acquisition process are capitalized as a component of the asset’s value.
The fair value of tangible assets is determined as if the acquired property is vacant. Fair value is determined using an exit price approach, which contemplates the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
In allocating fair value to identifiable intangible assets and liabilities, the value of above-market and below-market leases is estimated based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between: (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in-place at the time of acquisition and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or an equivalent property, measured over a period equal to the lesser of 30 years or the remaining non-cancelable term of the leases, which includes renewal periods with fixed rental terms that are considered to be below-market. The capitalized above-market or below-market intangibles are amortized as a reduction of, or increase to, rental income over the remaining non-cancelable term of the leases.
The value of in-place leases is estimated based on management’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant lease, including: (i) fair market rent and the reimbursement of property operating expenses, including common area expenses, utilities, insurance, real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, that would be forgone during a hypothetical expected lease-up period and (ii) costs that would be incurred, including leasing commissions, legal and marketing costs, and tenant improvements and allowances, to execute similar leases. The value assigned to in-place leases is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of each lease.
Real Estate - Estimates Related to Impairments
We periodically assess whether there are any indicators, including property operating performance, changes in anticipated hold period, and general market conditions, that the carrying value of our real estate assets (including any related intangible assets or liabilities) may be impaired. If an indicator is identified, a real estate asset is considered impaired only if our estimate of aggregate future undiscounted and unleveraged property operating cash flows, taking into account the anticipated probability-weighted hold period, is less than the carrying value of the property. Various factors are considered in the estimation process that are subject to significant management judgment, including the anticipated hold period, current and/or future reinvestment projects, and the effects of demand and competition on future operating income and/or property values. Changes in any estimates and/or assumptions, particularly the anticipated hold period, could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows. If management determines that the carrying value of a real estate asset is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset.
When we identify a real estate asset as held for sale, we discontinue depreciating the asset and estimate its sales price, net of estimated selling costs. If the estimated net sales price of an asset is less than its net carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset.
34
Inflation
We continue to monitor the impacts of inflation on our operating and financial performance. Although recent inflationary pressures have begun to abate, inflation may increase in the future. With respect to our shopping centers, our long-term leases generally contain provisions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of inflation, including contractual rent escalations and requirements for tenants to pay a portion of property operating expenses, including common area expenses, utilities, insurance, and real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in property operating expenses resulting from inflation; however, we have exposure to increases in certain non-reimbursable property operating expenses, including expenses incurred on vacant units. We believe that many of our existing rental rates are below current market rates for comparable space and that upon renewal or re-leasing, such rates may be increased to be consistent with, or closer to, current market rates, which may also offset certain non-reimbursed inflationary expense pressures. With respect to our outstanding indebtedness, we periodically evaluate our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, and have and may continue to enter into interest rate protection agreements that mitigate, but do not eliminate, the impact of changes in interest rates on our variable rate loans. With respect to general and administrative costs, we continually seek opportunities to offset inflationary cost pressures through routine evaluations of our spending levels and through ongoing efforts to utilize technology to enhance our operational efficiency.
35
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We may be exposed to interest rate changes primarily as a result of long-term debt used to fund operations and capital expenditures. Our use of derivative instruments is intended to manage our exposure to interest rate movements.
With regard to variable-rate financing, we assess interest rate risk by continually identifying and monitoring changes in interest rate exposures that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities. We maintain risk management control systems to monitor interest rate cash flow risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations, as well as our potential offsetting hedge positions. Our risk management control systems involve the use of analytical techniques, including cash flow sensitivity analysis, to estimate the expected impact of changes in interest rates on our future cash flows.
We may use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates. To the extent we do, we are exposed to market and credit risk. Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of the financial instrument that results from a change in interest rates. Market risk associated with derivative instruments is managed by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of the derivative instrument is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates credit risk to us. The credit risk associated with derivative instruments is managed by entering into transactions with a variety of highly-rated counterparties.
As of December 31, 2024, we had $500.0 million outstanding variable-rate indebtedness which bears interest at a rate equal to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus credit spreads and reference rate adjustments ranging from 93 basis points to 103 basis points. We have interest rate swap agreements on $500.0 million of our variable-rate indebtedness, which effectively convert the base rate on the indebtedness from variable to fixed. If market rates of interest on our variable-rate debt increased or decreased by 100 basis points, the change in annual interest expense on our variable-rate debt would not increase or decrease earnings and cash flows, after taking into account the impact of the $500.0 million of interest rate swap agreements.
36
The table below presents the maturity profile, weighted average interest rates and fair value of total debt as of December 31, 2024. The table has limited predictive value as average interest rates for variable-rate debt included in the table represent rates that existed as of December 31, 2024 and are subject to change. Furthermore, the table below incorporates only those exposures that existed as of December 31, 2024 and does not consider exposures or positions that may have arisen or expired after that date. As a result, our ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the exposures that arise during future periods, our hedging strategies at that time, and actual interest rates.
(dollars in thousands)
Weighted average interest rate(1)(2)(3) 4.91 % 4.91 % — % — % — % — %
(1) Weighted average interest rates for all years presented include the impact of our interest rate swap agreements in place as of December 31, 2024 and are calculated based on the total debt balances as of the end of each year, assuming the repayment of debt on its scheduled maturity date.
(2) The interest rates on our variable rate Unsecured Credit Facility are based on credit rating grids. The credit rating grids and all-in-rates on outstanding variable rate debt as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:
Credit Spread Grid
As of December 31, 2024 SOFR Rate Loans Base Rate Loans
(1) Our Revolving Facility is further subject to a facility fee ranging from 0.13% to 0.30%, which is excluded from the all-in-rate presented above.
(2) The Company's Revolving Facility and Term Loan Facility include a sustainability metric incentive, which can reduce the applicable credit spread by up to two basis points. Effective July 8, 2024, the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility qualify for a two basis point rate reduction due to the achievement of certain sustainability metric targets for the year ended December 31, 2023.
(3) We have in place seven interest rate swap agreements that convert the variable interest rate on one variable rate debt instrument to a fixed rate. The balance subject to interest rates swaps as of December 31, 2024 is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
See the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and financial statements commencing on page F-1.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Controls and Procedures (Brixmor Property Group Inc.)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
BPG maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules
37
and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. BPG’s management, with the participation of its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, BPG’s principal executive officer, James M. Taylor, and principal financial officer, Steven T. Gallagher, concluded that BPG’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2024.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
BPG’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of BPG’s financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. BPG’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of BPG’s assets; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of BPG are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of BPG; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of its assets that could have a material effect on BPG’s financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, BPG conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ("COSO") of the Treadway Commission. Based on its assessment and those criteria, BPG’s management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024.
Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued a report, included herein, on the effectiveness of BPG’s internal control over financial reporting.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in BPG’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended December 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, BPG’s internal control over financial reporting.
Controls and Procedures (Brixmor Operating Partnership LP)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Operating Partnership maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. The Operating Partnership’s management, with the participation of its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Operating Partnership’s principal executive officer, James M. Taylor, and principal financial officer, Steven T. Gallagher, concluded that the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2024.
38
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Operating Partnership’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Operating Partnership’s financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Operating Partnership’s assets; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Operating Partnership are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Operating Partnership; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of its assets that could have a material effect on the Operating Partnership’s financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Operating Partnership conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO of the Treadway Commission. Based on its assessment and those criteria, the Operating Partnership’s management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024.
Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued a report, included herein, on the effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended December 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
During the three months ended December 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company, nor the Company itself, adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
39
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by Item 10 will be included in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Brixmor Property Group Inc. to be held on April 23, 2025 and is incorporated herein by reference. Brixmor Property Group Inc. will file such definitive proxy statement with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 will be included in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Brixmor Property Group Inc. to be held on April 23, 2025 and is incorporated herein by reference. Brixmor Property Group Inc. will file such definitive proxy statement with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by Item 12 will be included in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Brixmor Property Group Inc. to be held on April 23, 2025 and is incorporated herein by reference. Brixmor Property Group Inc. will file such definitive proxy statement with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Item 13 will be included in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Brixmor Property Group Inc. to be held on April 23, 2025 and is incorporated herein by reference. Brixmor Property Group Inc. will file such definitive proxy statement with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by Item 14 will be included in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Brixmor Property Group Inc. to be held on April 23, 2025 and is incorporated herein by reference. Brixmor Property Group Inc. will file such definitive proxy statement with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
40
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Documents filed as part of this report
Form 10-K Page
1 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34) F-2
Brixmor Property Group Inc.:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 F-8
Brixmor Operating Partnership LP:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 F-13
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-18
2 CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts F-43
Schedule III – Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation F-44
41
(b) Exhibits. The following documents are filed as exhibits to this report:
Incorporated by Reference
42
Incorporated by Reference
43
Incorporated by Reference
44
Incorporated by Reference
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Brixmor Property Group Inc. — — — — x
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Brixmor Operating Partnership LP — — — — x
23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP for Brixmor Property Group Inc. — — — — x
45
Incorporated by Reference
99.1 Property List — — — — x
101.INS XBRL Instance Document — — — — x
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document — — — — x
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document — — — — x
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document — — — — x
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document — — — — x
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document — — — — x
* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.
46
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC.
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ James M. Taylor
James M. Taylor
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ James M. Taylor
James M. Taylor
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ James M. Taylor
James M. Taylor
Chief Executive Officer
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Steven T. Gallagher
Steven T. Gallagher
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Kevin Brydzinski
Kevin Brydzinski
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Sheryl M. Crosland
Sheryl M. Crosland
Chair of the Board of Directors
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Michael Berman
Michael Berman
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Juliann Bowerman
Juliann Bowerman
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Thomas W. Dickson
Thomas W. Dickson
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Daniel B. Hurwitz
Daniel B. Hurwitz
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ Sandra A. J. Lawrence
Sandra A. J. Lawrence
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ William D. Rahm
William D. Rahm
Director
Date: February 10, 2025 By: /s/ John Peter Suarez
John Peter Suarez
Director
47
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AND
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Form 10-K Page
1 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-2
Brixmor Property Group Inc.:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 F-8
Brixmor Operating Partnership LP:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 F-13
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-18
2 CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts F-43
Schedule III – Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation F-44
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Brixmor Property Group Inc.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Brixmor Property Group Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Brixmor Property Group Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes and the schedules listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 10, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Impairment of Real Estate Assets — Refer to Notes 1 and 5 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
Management periodically assesses whether there are any indicators, including property operating performance, changes in anticipated hold period, and general market conditions, that the carrying value of the Company’s real estate assets (including any related intangible assets or liabilities) may be impaired. If an indicator is identified, a
F-2
real estate asset is considered impaired only if management’s estimate of aggregate future undiscounted and unleveraged property operating cash flows, considering the anticipated probability-weighted hold period, is less than the carrying value of the property. Various factors are considered in the estimation process, including the anticipated hold period, current or future reinvestment projects, and the effects of demand and competition on future operating income or property values. Changes in any estimates or assumptions, particularly the anticipated hold period, could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows. If management determines that the carrying value of a real estate asset is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset.
The Company utilizes estimates and assumptions when determining potential impairments based on the asset’s projected operating cash flows. We identified management’s estimate of anticipated hold period for the properties evaluated for impairment as a critical audit matter because of the significance of the estimate within management’s evaluation of the recoverability of real estate assets. Changes in the anticipated hold period could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows and the amount of recorded impairment charge(s). This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s assessment of expected remaining hold period.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to management’s estimates in determining the impairment of real estate asset values included the following, among others:
•We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s impairment analysis, including controls over the estimate of the anticipated hold period of real estate assets.
•We evaluated the Company’s estimate of hold periods by:
◦Performing a retrospective analysis to compare historical estimates for real estate assets that have subsequently been disposed.
◦Obtaining and evaluating financial and operational evidence supporting the assumption of the anticipated hold period.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 10, 2025
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2015.
F-3
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Brixmor Property Group Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Brixmor Property Group Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, of the Company, and our report dated February 10, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 10, 2025
F-4
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Partners and the Board of Directors of Brixmor Operating Partnership LP
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Brixmor Operating Partnership LP and subsidiaries (the "Operating Partnership") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in capital, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes and the schedules listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Operating Partnership's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 10, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Operating Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Operating Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Operating Partnership’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Operating Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Impairment of Real Estate Assets — Refer to Notes 1 and 5 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
Management periodically assesses whether there are any indicators, including property operating performance, changes in anticipated hold period, and general market conditions, that the carrying value of the Operating Partnership’s real estate assets (including any related intangible assets or liabilities) may be impaired. If an indicator is identified, a real estate asset is considered impaired only if management’s estimate of aggregate future undiscounted and unleveraged property operating cash flows, considering the anticipated probability-weighted hold period, is less than the carrying value of the property. Various factors are considered in the estimation process, including the anticipated hold period, current or future reinvestment projects, and the effects of demand and
F-5
competition on future operating income or property values. Changes in any estimates or assumptions, particularly the anticipated hold period, could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows. If management determines that the carrying value of a real estate asset is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset.
The Operating Partnership utilizes estimates and assumptions when determining potential impairments based on the asset’s projected operating cash flows. We identified management’s estimate of anticipated hold period for the properties evaluated for impairment as a critical audit matter because of the significance of the estimate within management’s evaluation of the recoverability of real estate assets. Changes in the anticipated hold period could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows and the amount of recorded impairment charge(s). This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s assessment of expected remaining hold period.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to management’s estimates in determining the impairment of real estate asset values included the following, among others:
•We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s impairment analysis, including controls over the estimate of the anticipated hold period of real estate assets.
•We evaluated the Operating Partnership’s estimate of hold periods by:
◦Performing a retrospective analysis to compare historical estimates for real estate assets that have subsequently been disposed.
◦Obtaining and evaluating financial and operational evidence supporting the assumption of the anticipated hold period.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 10, 2025
We have served as the Operating Partnership’s auditor since 2015.
F-6
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Partners and the Board of Directors of Brixmor Operating Partnership LP
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Brixmor Operating Partnership LP and subsidiaries (the “Operating Partnership”) as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Operating Partnership maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, of the Operating Partnership and our report dated February 10, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Operating Partnership’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Operating Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 10, 2025
F-7
BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share information)
Assets
Real estate
Real estate assets held for sale 4,189 —
Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 585,241 548,890
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) — —
Equity
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 8,218 (2,700)
Non-controlling interests 244 —
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BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues
Operating expenses
Other income (expense)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, net 554 4,356 (221)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (2) — —
Net income per common share:
Weighted average shares:
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BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities 221 602 (701)
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (2) — —
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BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share data)
Common Stock
Equity based compensation expense — — 25,185 — — — 25,185
Equity based compensation expense — — 22,345 — — — 22,345
Other comprehensive loss — — — (11,551) — — (11,551)
Issuance of common stock 680 7 (6) — — — 1
Equity based compensation expense — — 19,967 — — — 19,967
Contributions from non-controlling interests — — — — — 242 242
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BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Operating activities:
Accretion of debt premium and discount, net (2,849) (2,944) (2,863)
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, net (554) (4,356) 221
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 27 15,436 24,658
Investing activities:
Financing activities:
Proceeds from unsecured term loans and notes 796,152 200,000 —
Deferred financing and debt extinguishment costs (7,714) (783) (8,387)
Proceeds from issuances of common shares 114,651 — 53,100
Contributions from non-controlling interests 242 — —
Reconciliation to consolidated balance sheets:
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
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BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except unit information)
Assets
Real estate
Real estate assets held for sale 4,189 —
Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 585,241 548,911
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) — —
Capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 8,218 (2,700)
Non-controlling interests 244 —
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BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per unit data)
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues
Operating expenses
Other income (expense)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, net 554 4,356 (221)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (2) — —
Net income per common unit:
Weighted average units:
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BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities 221 602 (701)
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (2) — —
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BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL
(in thousands)
Equity based compensation expense 25,185 — — 25,185
Equity based compensation expense 22,345 — — 22,345
Issuance of OP Units 1 — — 1
Equity based compensation expense 19,967 — — 19,967
Contributions from non-controlling interest — — 242 242
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BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Operating activities:
Accretion of debt premium and discount, net (2,849) (2,944) (2,863)
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, net (554) (4,356) 221
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 27 15,436 24,658
Investing activities:
Financing activities:
Proceeds from unsecured term loans and notes 796,152 200,000 —
Deferred financing and debt extinguishment costs (7,714) (783) (8,387)
Contributions from non-controlling interests 242 — —
Reconciliation to consolidated balance sheets:
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
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BRIXMOR PROPERTY GROUP INC. AND BRIXMOR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
1. Nature of Business and Financial Statement Presentation
Description of Business
Brixmor Property Group Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Parent Company") is an internally-managed corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT"). Brixmor Operating Partnership LP and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Operating Partnership") is the entity through which the Parent Company conducts substantially all of its operations and owns substantially all of its assets. The Parent Company owns 100% of the limited liability company interests of BPG Subsidiary LLC ("BPG Sub"), which, in turn, is the sole member of Brixmor OP GP LLC (the "General Partner"), the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. The Parent Company engages in the ownership, management, leasing, acquisition, disposition, and redevelopment of retail shopping centers through the Operating Partnership, and has no other substantial assets or liabilities other than through its investment in the Operating Partnership. The Parent Company, the Operating Partnership, and their consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company" or "Brixmor") owns and operates one of the largest publicly traded open-air retail portfolios by gross leasable area ("GLA") in the United States ("U.S."), comprised primarily of grocery-anchored community and neighborhood shopping centers. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s portfolio included 363 shopping centers (the "Portfolio") totaling approximately 64 million square feet of GLA. The Company’s high-quality national Portfolio is primarily located within established trade areas in the top 50 Core-Based Statistical Areas in the U.S., and its shopping centers are primarily anchored by non-discretionary and value-oriented retailers, as well as consumer-oriented service providers.
The Company does not distinguish its principal business or group its operations on a geographical basis for purposes of measuring performance. Accordingly, the Company has a single reportable segment for disclosure purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
Basis of Presentation
The financial information included herein reflects the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the consolidated results of its operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Principles of Consolidation and Use of Estimates
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Parent Company, the Operating Partnership, each of their wholly owned subsidiaries and all other entities in which they have a controlling financial interest. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
When the Company obtains an economic interest in an entity, management evaluates the entity to determine: (i) whether the entity is a variable interest entity ("VIE"), (ii) in the event the entity is a VIE, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity, and (iii) in the event the entity is not a VIE, whether the Company otherwise has a controlling financial interest.
The Company consolidates: (i) entities that are VIEs for which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and (ii) entities that are not VIEs which the Company controls. If the Company has an interest in a VIE but it is not determined to be the primary beneficiary, the Company accounts for its interest under the equity method of accounting. Similarly, for those entities which are not VIEs and the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, the Company accounts for its interests under the equity method of accounting. The Company continually reconsiders its determination of whether an entity is a VIE and whether the Company qualifies as its primary beneficiary. The Company has evaluated the Operating Partnership and has determined it is not a VIE as of December 31, 2024.
The Company acquires properties, from time to time, using a reverse like-kind exchange structure pursuant to Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code (a "reverse 1031 exchange") and, as such, the properties are in the possession of an Exchange Accommodation Titleholder ("EAT") until the reverse 1031 exchange is completed. The EAT is classified as a VIE as it is a "thinly capitalized" entity. The Company owns 100% of the EAT, controls the activities that most significantly impact the EAT’s economic performance, and can collapse the reverse 1031
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exchange structure at any time. Therefore, the Company consolidates the EAT because it is the primary beneficiary. Assets of the EAT primarily consist of leased property (real estate and intangibles).
GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during a reporting period. The most significant assumptions and estimates relate to impairment of real estate, recovery of receivables, and depreciable lives. These estimates are based on historical experience and other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Management evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis and makes revisions to these estimates and related disclosures as new information becomes known. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Non-controlling Interests
The Company accounts for non-controlling interests in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 810, Consolidation, and ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. Non-controlling interests represent the portion of equity that the Company does not own in those entities that it consolidates. The Company identifies its non-controlling interests separately within the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amounts of consolidated net earnings attributable to the Company and to the non-controlling interests are presented separately on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For purposes of presentation on both the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents.
The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents at major financial institutions. The cash and cash equivalents balance at one or more of these financial institutions exceeds the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance coverage. The Company periodically assesses the credit risk associated with these financial institutions and believes that the risk of loss is minimal.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash represents cash deposited in escrow accounts that generally can only be used for the payment of real estate taxes, debt service, insurance, and future capital expenditures as required by certain loan and lease agreements, as well as legally restricted tenant security deposits and funds held in escrow for pending transactions.
Real Estate
Real estate assets are recognized on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Upon acquisition of real estate operating properties, management estimates the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, buildings, and tenant improvements) and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities (consisting of above- and below-market leases and in-place leases) based on an evaluation of available information. Transaction costs incurred during the acquisition process are capitalized as a component of the asset’s value.
The fair value of tangible assets is determined as if the acquired property is vacant. Fair value is determined using an exit price approach, which contemplates the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
In allocating fair value to identifiable intangible assets and liabilities, the value of above-market and below-market leases is estimated based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between: (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in-place at the time of acquisition and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or an equivalent property, measured over a period equal to the lesser of 30 years or the remaining non-cancelable term of the leases, which includes renewal periods with fixed rental terms that are considered to be below-market. The capitalized above-market or below-market intangibles are amortized as a reduction of, or increase to, rental income over the remaining non-cancelable term of the leases.
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The value of in-place leases is estimated based on management’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant lease, including: (i) fair market rent and the reimbursement of property operating expenses, including common area expenses, utilities, insurance, real estate taxes, and capital expenditures that would be forgone during a hypothetical expected lease-up period and (ii) costs that would be incurred, including leasing commissions, legal and marketing costs, and tenant improvements and allowances, to execute similar leases. The value assigned to in-place leases is amortized to Depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of the leases.
Certain real estate assets are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
Building and building and land improvements 20 – 40 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 5 – 10 years
Tenant improvements The shorter of the term of the related lease or useful life
Costs to fund major replacements and betterments, which extend the life of the asset, are capitalized and depreciated over their respective useful lives, while costs for ordinary repairs and maintenance activities are expensed to Operating costs as incurred.
In situations in which a tenant’s non-cancelable lease term has been modified, the Company evaluates the remaining useful lives of depreciable or amortizable assets in the asset group related to the lease (i.e., tenant improvements, above- and below-market lease intangibles, in-place lease value, and leasing commissions). Based upon consideration of the facts and circumstances surrounding the modification, the Company may accelerate the depreciation and amortization associated with the asset group.
Management periodically assesses whether there are any indicators, including property operating performance, changes in anticipated hold period, and general market conditions, that the carrying value of the Company’s real estate assets (including any related intangible assets or liabilities) may be impaired. If an indicator is identified, a real estate asset is considered impaired only if management’s estimate of aggregate future undiscounted and unleveraged property operating cash flows, taking into account the anticipated probability-weighted hold period, is less than the carrying value of the property. Various factors are considered in the estimation process, including the anticipated hold period, current and/or future reinvestment projects, and the effects of demand and competition on future operating income and/or property values. Changes in any estimates and/or assumptions, particularly the anticipated hold period, could have a material impact on the projected operating cash flows. If management determines that the carrying value of a real estate asset is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset
When management identifies a real estate asset as held for sale, the Company discontinues depreciating the asset and estimates its sales price, net of estimated selling costs. If the estimated net sales price of an asset is less than its net carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized to reflect the estimated fair value of the asset. Properties classified as real estate held for sale represent properties that are under contract for sale and where the applicable pre-sale due diligence period has expired prior to the end of the reporting period.
Real Estate Under Development and Redevelopment
Certain costs are capitalized related to the development and redevelopment of real estate including pre-construction costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, and compensation and other related costs of personnel directly involved. Additionally, the Company capitalizes interest expense related to development and redevelopment activities. Capitalization of these costs begins when the activities and related expenditures commence and ceases when the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, at which time the project is placed in service and depreciation commences. Additionally, the Company makes estimates as to the probability of certain development and redevelopment projects being completed. If the Company determines the development or redevelopment is no longer probable of completion, the Company expenses all capitalized costs that are not recoverable.
Deferred Leasing and Financing Costs
Direct costs incurred in executing tenant leases and long-term financings are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the related lease or debt agreement, which approximates the effective interest method. For tenant leases, capitalized costs incurred include tenant improvements, tenant allowances, leasing
F-20
commissions, and leasing legal fees. For long-term financings, capitalized costs incurred include bank and legal fees. The amortization of deferred leasing and financing costs is included in Depreciation and amortization and Interest expense, respectively, on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and in Operating activities on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Marketable Securities
The Company classifies its marketable securities, which are comprised of debt securities, as available-for-sale. These securities are carried at fair value, which is based primarily on publicly traded market values in active markets, and is classified accordingly on the fair value hierarchy.
Any unrealized loss on the Company’s financial instruments must be assessed to determine the portion, if any, that is attributable to credit loss and the portion that is due to other factors, such as changes in market interest rates. “Credit loss” refers to any portion of the carrying amount that the Company does not expect to collect over a financial instrument’s contractual life. The Company considers current market conditions and reasonable forecasts of future market conditions to estimate expected credit losses over the life of the financial instrument. Any portion of unrealized losses due to credit loss is recognized through net income and reported in equity as a component of distributions in excess of net income. The portion of unrealized losses due to other factors is recognized through other comprehensive income (loss) and reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging
Derivatives are measured at fair value and are recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as assets or liabilities, depending on the Company’s rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative varies based on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate the derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting, and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the necessary hedge accounting criteria. Derivatives designated as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows are considered cash flow hedges. In a cash flow hedge, hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of recognition of gain or loss on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the earnings effect of the hedged transaction.
Revenue Recognition and Receivables
The Company enters into agreements with tenants that convey the right to control the use of identified space at its shopping centers in exchange for rental revenue. These agreements meet the criteria for recognition as leases under ASC 842, Leases. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. The cumulative difference between rental revenue recognized on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and contractual payment terms is recognized as deferred rent and included in Receivables, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company commences recognizing rental revenue based on the date it makes the underlying asset available for use by the tenant. Leases also typically provide for the reimbursement of property operating expenses, including common area expenses, utilities, insurance, and real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, by the lessee and are recognized in the period the applicable expenditures are incurred and/or contractually required to be reimbursed.
The Company accounts for rental revenue (lease component) and common area expense reimbursements (non-lease component) as one lease component under ASC 842. The Company also includes the non-components of its leases, such as the reimbursement of utilities, insurance, real estate taxes, and certain capital expenditures related to the maintenance of our properties, within this lease component. These amounts are included in Rental income on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.