BMRC · Read the filing

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of financial condition as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 and results of operations for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2025 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto, included in Part II ITEM 8 of this report.

The Company restated its Consolidated Statements of Condition and revised its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the quarters ended September 30, 2025, June 30, 2025, March 31, 2025, September 30, 2024, June 30, 2024, and March 31, 2024, (the “Affected Periods”) for misstatements between the balance sheet and income statement that were determined, in the aggregate, to be material to previously issued financial statements. Generally, the restatements and revisions related to the misclassification of certain deposits and expenses related thereto as non-interest bearing deposits and non-interest expense when they should have been classified as interest bearing deposits and interest expense. See “Note 19, Restatement of Prior Period Financial Statements (Quarterly Information Unaudited)” in Item 8 of this Form 10-K, for additional information related to the restatement and revision, including descriptions of the misstatements and the impacts on our consolidated financial statements. All affected tables and narrative disclosures herein from the Affected Periods have likewise been corrected.

Forward-Looking Statements

The disclosures set forth in this item are qualified by important factors detailed in Part I captioned Forward-Looking Statements and ITEM 1A captioned Risk Factors of this report and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in the report.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Critical accounting estimates are those estimates made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation and uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations. We consider accounting estimates to be critical to our financial results if (i) the accounting estimate requires management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain, (ii) management could have applied different assumptions during the reported period, and (iii) changes in the accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur in the future and could have a material impact on our financial statements. Management has determined the following accounting estimates and related policies to be critical.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Unfunded Commitments

The allowance for credit losses on loans is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date to present the net amount of loans expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments is based on estimates of the probability that these commitments will be drawn upon according to historical utilization experience, expected loss severity, and loss rates as determined for pooled funded loans. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is a liability account included in interest payable and other liabilities. Management estimates these allowances quarterly using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Credit loss experience among the Bank and peer groups provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses ("ACL") model utilizes a discounted cash flow ("DCF") method to measure the expected credit losses on loans collectively evaluated that are sub-segmented by loan pools with similar credit risk characteristics, which generally correspond to federal regulatory reporting codes. In addition, the DCF method incorporates assumptions for probability of default ("PD"), loss given default ("LGD"), and prepayments and curtailments over the contractual terms of the loans. Under the DCF method, the ACL reflects the difference between the amortized cost basis and the present value of the expected cash flows using the loan's effective rate.

Management considers whether adjustments to the quantitative portion of the ACL are needed for differences in segment-specific risk characteristics or to reflect the extent to which it expects current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions to differ from the conditions that existed during the historical period included in the development of PD and LGD.

Our allowance model is particularly sensitive to forecasted and seasonally-adjusted actual California unemployment rates, which was 5.5% at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The ACL model incorporates a one-year forecast. For periods beyond the forecast horizon, the economic factors revert to historical averages on a straight-line basis over a one-year period through the remaining lives of the loans. We performed a sensitivity analysis as of December 31, 2025, and estimated that a 100 basis point change (e.g., 5.5% to 6.5%) in the forecasted unemployment rates over the next four quarters would result in about a 5% change to our allowance for credit losses on loans. This impact does not consider changes to other assumptions for either the quantitative factors, such as probability of default, loss given default, loan mix or cash flows, prepayment/curtailment rates, and individually analyzed loans, or qualitative factors as discussed in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Additionally, because current economic conditions and forecasts can change, as future events are inherently difficult to predict, the estimated credit losses on loans and unfunded commitments could change significantly.

While we believe we use the best information available to determine the allowance for credit losses, our results of operations could be significantly affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in determining the allowance. For information regarding critical estimates related to our allowance for credit losses methodology, the provision for credit losses, and risks to asset quality and lending activity, see ITEM 1A - Risk Factors, the Allowance for Credit Losses section in ITEM 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Fair Value Measurements

We use fair value measurements to record certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. Available-for-sale securities and interest rate swap agreements are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, we record at fair value other financial assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as collateral dependent loans and other real estate owned. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve write-downs of, or specific reserves against, individual assets. We group our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value into three levels within the fair value hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. The classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used in the measurement are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market-driven or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our estimates about market data. The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market data. For financial instruments that trade actively and have quoted market prices or observable market data, there is minimal subjectivity involved in measuring fair value. When observable market prices and data are not fully available, management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value. In addition, changes in market conditions may reduce the availability of quoted prices or observable data. Therefore, when market data is not available, we use valuation techniques that require more management judgment to estimate the appropriate fair value measurement. Fair value is discussed further in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 9 - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this Form 10-K. As noted above, the Company restated its financial statements for the Affected Periods for misstatements between the balance sheet and income statement that were determined, in the aggregate, to be material to previously issued financial statements. Generally, the restatements related to the misclassification of certain deposits and expenses related thereto as non-interest bearing deposits and non-interest expense when they should have been classified as interest bearing deposits and interest expense. See below and “Note 19, Restatement of Prior Period Financial Statements (Quarterly Information Unaudited)” in Item 8 of this Form 10-K, for additional information related to the restatement, including descriptions of the misstatements and the impacts on our consolidated financial statements. All affected tables and narrative disclosure herein from the Affected Periods has likewise been corrected.

Financial Highlights

The following are highlights of our financial condition and results of operations. The data was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Bank of Marin Bancorp.

At December 31,

(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2025 2024

Selected financial condition data:

Loans, net of allowance for credit losses on loans $ 2,090,764 $ 2,052,600

Borrowings and other obligations $ 709 $ 154

Subordinated notes, net $ 43,857 $ —

Tangible book value per share $ 19.87 $ 22.37

Asset quality ratios:

Allowance for credit losses to total loans 1.42 % 1.47 %

Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans 1.12x 0.90x

Non-accrual loans to total loans 1.27 % 1.63 %

Capital ratios:

Tangible common equity to tangible assets 8.35 % 9.93 %

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) 15.25 % 16.54 %

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) 12.34 % 15.32 %

Tier 1 capital (to average assets) 8.26 % 10.46 %

Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) 12.34 % 15.32 %

Other data:

Number of branches 27 27

Full-time equivalent employees 311 285

For the Years Ended December 31,

Selected operating data:

Net (loss) income per common share:

Performance and other financial ratios:

Return on average assets (0.94) % (0.22) % 0.49 %

Return on average equity (8.19) % (1.93) % 4.69 %

Tax-equivalent net interest margin 2.94 % 2.55 % 2.56 %

Net charge-offs to average loans 0.05 % NM 0.02 %

Cash dividend payout ratio on common stock 1 NM NM 80.65 %

Cash dividends per common share $ 1.00 $ 1.00 $ 1.00

NM - Not meaningful.

Restatement and Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements and Financial Highlights

See below for the restated and revised prior period financial statements and affected financial highlights referred to above and in Form 8-K filed February 17, 2026.

Summary of Reclassifications and Impacts

Non-interest-Bearing Deposits - end of period

Interest-Bearing Deposits - end of period

Non-interest-Bearing Deposits as a percentage of Total Deposits - end of period

Non-interest-Bearing Deposits - average

Interest-Bearing Deposits - average

Interest Expense

Net Interest Income

Non-interest Expense

Net Interest Margin, reported

Net Interest Margin, tax-equivalent

Cost of Deposits

Cost of Interest-Bearing Deposits

Efficiency Ratio, GAAP

Efficiency Ratio, non-GAAP excluding losses on securities sales

Executive Summary

Our annual loss was $35.7 million in 2025, compared to an annual loss of $8.4 million in 2024. Diluted loss was $2.24 per share in 2025, compared to a diluted loss of $0.52 per share in 2024.

Results for 2025 were significantly impacted by our strategic balance sheet repositioning which included the sale of available-for-sale ("AFS") securities with a book value of $185.8 million, resulting in a pre-tax loss of $18.7 million in the second quarter of 2025, the sale of AFS securities of $593.2 million in low yielding investment securities at a $69.5 million pre-tax loss in the fourth quarter of 2025, the purchase and origination of higher yielding loans and securities and the replenishment of our capital ratios through the issuance of $45.0 million of subordinated debt. We continue to proactively identify and manage credit risk within the loan portfolio, reflected in the percentage of non-accrual loans which decreased from the prior year, and improvements in credit quality trends during the fourth quarter. We believe the strength of our balance sheet, higher level of loan origination productivity that we are seeing from our banking teams, and positive trends in our net interest margin and operating leverage are key factors that should help mitigate any unforeseen credit quality deterioration that may arise and drive further improvement in our financial performance in the year ahead.

The following are highlights of operating and financial performance for the year ended December 31, 2025:

•Loans increased $37.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2025, to $2.121 billion, compared to $2.083 billion at December 31, 2024. The growth was spread across multiple geographic regions in Northern California and primarily within the commercial and commercial real estate sectors. Loan originations funded totaled $273.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $152.6 million for the prior year.

•Classified loans made up 1.51% of total loans as of December 31, 2025, compared to 2.17% as of December 31, 2024. The Bank continues to proactively identify and manage credit risk within the loan portfolio. Classified loans decreased by $13.0 million to $32.1 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $45.1 million as of December 31, 2024. The decrease was largely due to upgrades of $6.9 million and payoffs and paydowns of $7.0 million during 2025. This was partially offset by downgrades to classified loans totaling approximately $942 thousand in 2025.

•Non-accrual loans totaled $26.9 million, or 1.27% of the loan portfolio, compared to $33.9 million, or 1.63%, as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease of $7.0 million in 2025 was primarily due to payoffs of $4.4 million, the sale of one $2.1 million commercial real estate loan which resulted in an $809 thousand charge-off, and paydowns of $1.6 million in addition to upgrades of approximately $700 thousand. Of the total non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2025, approximately 68% were paying as agreed, 97% were real estate secured, and all are being closely managed and monitored.

•We recorded a $375 thousand provision for credit losses on loans in 2025 primarily due to loan growth and a modest deterioration in the economic forecast, compared to a $5.6 million provision for credit losses on loans in 2024, including a $6.6 million specific reserve taken on a commercial real estate loan as a result of declining collateral values, partially offset by other factors. The allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2025 was 1.42% of total loans, compared to 1.47% as of December 31, 2024.

•Total deposits increased by $195.5 million to $3.416 billion as of December 31, 2025, from $3.220 billion as of December 31, 2024. Non-interest bearing deposits continue to remain strong and made up 36.7% of total deposits as of December 31, 2025, compared to 39.6% as of December 31, 2024. We believe we are appropriately competitive in regard to deposit pricing, given our relationship banking model, which differentiates Bank of Marin through exceptional service. Estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits comprised 31% of total deposits as of December 31, 2025.

•At December 31, 2025, the Bank had no outstanding short-term borrowings compared to $26.0 million at December 31, 2024, as a result of our strategic balance sheet restructuring in 2025 and 2024. Total available funding sources, including unrestricted cash, unencumbered available-for-sale securities, and total available borrowing capacity, were $2.148 billion, or 63% of total deposits and 209% of estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2025.

•During the fourth quarter of 2025, we issued Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Notes of $45.0 million with a final maturity date of December 1, 2035, to certain investors in a private placement to strengthen capital ratios as part of our fourth quarter 2025 balance sheet repositioning. The interest rate of the Bank’s subordinated notes is 6.75%, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 2026. After December 1, 2030, the interest rate will be variable and equal Three-Month Term SOFR plus 335 basis points, resetting quarterly.

•The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.94% for 2025, compared to 2.55% for 2024. The increase of 39 basis points was primarily attributable to the favorable impacts of the investment securities restructuring performed in 2025 and 2024, lower deposit costs and higher average deposit balances year over year, higher loan yields and loan balances, and higher interest-earning deposit balances with the Federal Reserve.

•All capital ratios were above well-capitalized regulatory requirements. Bancorp's total risk-based capital ratio was 15.25% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 16.54% as of December 31, 2024. Tangible common equity to tangible assets ("TCE ratio") decreased to 8.35% as of December 31, 2025, from 9.93% as of December 31, 2024.

•The Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.25 per share on January 22, 2026, which was the 83rd consecutive quarterly dividend paid by Bancorp. The dividend was paid on February 12, 2026 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 5, 2026.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the interest earned on loans, investments and other interest-earning assets minus interest expense incurred on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is impacted by changes in general market interest rates and by changes in the composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in net interest income and/or margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing or maturity of assets and liabilities. We manage interest rate risk exposure with the goal of minimizing the impact of interest rate volatility on net interest income.

Net interest margin is expressed as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Net interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate incurred on total interest-bearing liabilities. Both of these measures are reported on a taxable-equivalent basis. Net interest margin is the higher of the two because it reflects interest income earned on assets funded with non-interest-bearing sources of funds, which include demand deposits and stockholders’ equity.

The following table compares interest income, average interest-earning assets, interest expense, and average interest-bearing liabilities for the periods presented. The table also presents net interest income, net interest margin and net interest rate spread for the years indicated.

Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income

Year ended Year ended Year ended

Interest Interest Interest

Average Income/ Yield/ Average Income/ Yield/ Average Income/ Yield/

Assets

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Subordinated notes 5,189 368 7.10 % — — — % — — — %

Tax-equivalent net interest rate spread 1.97 % 1.38 % 1.63 %

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income

The following table presents the effects of changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average rates on tax-equivalent net interest income for the years indicated. Volume variances are equal to the increase or decrease in average balances multiplied by prior period rates. Rate variances are equal to the increase or decrease in rates multiplied by prior period average balances. Mix variances are attributable to the change in yields or rates multiplied by the change in average balances.

Subordinated notes — — 368 368 — — — —

2025 Compared to 2024

Net interest income totaled $106.0 million in 2025, compared to $91.6 million in 2024. The $14.4 million increase from the prior year was primarily due to higher average yields on investment securities and loans and higher average earning asset balances on interest-bearing deposits with banks during the year contributing an increase in interest income of $11.2 million. In addition, interest-bearing deposit costs decreased by 27 basis points on an increased average balance contributing a reduction of $3.4 million in interest expense on deposits.

The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.94% for 2025, compared to 2.55% in 2024. The increase of 39 basis points was primarily attributable to the favorable impacts of the investment securities restructuring performed in 2025 and 2024, lower deposit costs, higher average deposit balances year over year, higher loan yields, and higher interest-earning deposit balances with the Federal Reserve.

2024 Compared to 2023

Net interest income totaled $91.6 million in 2024, compared to $100.4 million in 2023. The $8.8 million decrease from the prior year was primarily due to higher deposit costs of $21.9 million, partially offset by the reduction of $11.3 million in borrowing costs.

The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.55% for 2024, compared to 2.56% for 2023. Higher yields on loans increased the margin while higher deposit costs resulted in a reduction in the margin. In addition, the year's balance sheet restructuring activities affected the borrowings, interest-bearing cash and investments factors.

Market Interest Rates

Market interest rates are, in part, based on the target federal funds interest rate (the interest rate banks charge each other for short-term borrowings) implemented by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee ("FOMC").

Primarily due to declining inflation, the Federal Reserve lowered the target for the federal funds rate by 100 basis points, to a range of 4.25% to 4.50% in the later months of 2024. At the January 2025 meeting, the FOMC left rates unchanged and signaled slower than originally anticipated rate cuts are in 2025. Due to a significant easing of inflationary pressures, the FOMC began decreasing rates in September 2025, and made a total of three rate decreases in 2025 ending the year at a range of 3.50% to 3.75%.

During the second and fourth quarters of 2025, we sold additional securities with relatively low yields and redeployed the proceeds to further reposition our balance sheet, by investing in higher yielding securities. Management and the Board are continuously monitoring and analyzing the impact of market rates on the Company's financial condition and results of operations to enhance performance, safety and soundness and returns to shareholders. See ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk for further information.

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

Management assesses the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on loans quarterly based on several factors, including growth or contraction of the loan portfolio, past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts to estimate expected losses over the contractual terms of our loans. The allowance for credit losses on loans is increased by provisions charged to expense and loss recoveries and decreased by loans charged off.

The following table shows the activity for the periods presented.

Years ended December 31,

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans $ 375 $ 5,550 $ 2,575

The provision in 2025 was due primarily to the $37.6 million net increase in loans during the year including the $92.7 million increase in non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans, partially offset by the $32.6 million decrease in other residential real estate loans. In addition to this pooled loan growth, the peer group used in our loss driver analysis was updated in 2025, and the fourth quarter of 2025 showed a modest deterioration in Moody's economic forecast over the next four quarters. Partially offsetting these increases were qualitative risk factor improvements in areas including staff experience and graded/delinquent/non-accrual loans and specific reserve adjustments.

The provision in 2024 was due primarily to increases in qualitative risk factors to account for continued uncertainty about inflation and recession risks, and from continued negative trends in adversely graded loans and/or collateral values on our non-owner occupied commercial real estate office and multi-family real estate portfolios including $5.2 million taken in the second quarter due to a $6.6 million increased individual reserve for one non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan totaling $16.7 million that, although current, had experienced a deterioration in the collateral value and, therefore, a material increase in the loan-to-value

The provision in 2023 was due primarily to adjustments to qualitative risk factors from continued uncertainty about inflation and recession risks, the potential impact of rapidly increasing interest rates and other external factors on both our non-owner-occupied commercial real estate and construction portfolios, loan and collateral concentration risks in our construction and commercial real estate portfolios, heightened portfolio management in light of current economic conditions, and continued negative trends in adversely graded loans and/or collateral values for our non-owner occupied commercial real estate office and multi-family real estate portfolios.

Non-interest Income

The table below details the components of non-interest income.

2025 Compared to 2024

Non-interest income showed a loss of $76.7 million for 2025, a $55.3 million decrease from a loss of $21.4 million for 2024. The decrease in 2025 was primarily due to the $88.2 million net loss on the sales of available-for-sale investment securities in the second and fourth quarters related to our balance sheet restructuring. Excluding losses on sale of securities in both years, non-interest income increased by $371 thousand, which included $306 thousand death benefit on bank-owned life insurance in 2025, partially offset by a $108 thousand year-over-year decrease in wealth management and trust services income due to decreased assets.

2024 Compared to 2023

Non-interest income showed a loss of $21.4 million for 2024, a $26.3 million decrease from income of $5.0 million for 2023. The decrease in 2024 was primarily due to the $32.5 million net loss on the sale of available-for-sale investment securities in 2024 related to our balance sheet restructuring. Excluding losses on sale of securities in both years, non-interest income increased by $300 thousand, which included a $275 thousand year-over-year increase in wealth management and trust services income due to increased assets and an increase of $226 thousand in net earnings on bank-owned life insurance due to increased rates. These were partially offset by the reduction of $314 thousand in bank-owned life insurance death benefits recorded in 2023 and not repeated in 2024.

Non-interest Expense

The table below details the components of non-interest expense.

Other real estate owned — — 48 — NM (48) (100.0) %

Other non-interest expense:

2025 Compared to 2024

Non-interest expenses increased $2.6 million to $81.3 million in 2025 from $78.7 million in 2024. Salaries and employee benefits increased by $2.8 million primarily due to an increase in annual incentives due to performance and increased employee insurance and profit share expenses. These were partially offset by an increase in deferred loan costs. Partially offsetting increases were the decrease of $828 thousand in professional services expenses, mainly from the legal resolution of a Private Attorneys General Act / putative class action lawsuit of $615 thousand and $354 thousand in the new loan operating system platform and implementation costs in the prior year.

2024 Compared to 2023

Non-interest expenses increased $1.7 millionto $78.7 million in 2024 from $77.1 million in 2023. Significant fluctuations were as follows:

•Professional services expenses increased by $1.5 million, mainly from the legal resolution of a Private Attorneys General Act / putative class action lawsuit of $615 thousand and $354 thousand in the new loan operating system platform and implementation costs.

•Salaries and employee benefits increased by $1.2 million primarily due to severance and salaries paid in relation to the reduction in force in the second quarter, the filling of open positions and the hiring of several key employees and officers, higher insurance costs, and lower deferred loan origination costs. Increases to salaries and employee benefits were partially offset by a decrease in profit sharing expense mainly from accrual adjustments, a decrease in accrued incentive bonuses, and a decrease in stock-based compensation from changes in award structure and estimated performance award payouts.

•Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased by $632 thousand, mainly from the acceleration of lease-related costs for four branch closures in 2023.

•Amortization of the core deposit intangible decreased by $375 thousand as the Bank of Alameda amortization completed in 2023.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income tax provisions reflect accruals for taxes at the applicable rates for federal income tax and California franchise tax based upon reported pre-tax income. Provisions also reflect permanent differences between income for tax and financial reporting purposes (such as earnings on tax exempt loans and municipal securities, bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI"), low-income housing tax credits, and stock-based compensation from the exercise of stock options, disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards).

The benefit from income taxes totaled $16.8 million at an effective tax rate of 32.0% in 2025, compared to the benefit from income taxes of $5.4 million at an effective tax rate of 39.2% in 2024 and a provision of $6.1 million at an effective tax rate of 23.6% in 2023. The increase in the benefit from income taxes in 2025 reflected the impact of the net loss before taxes in the year of $52.5 million compared to net loss before taxes of $13.8 million in 2024. The 7.2% decrease in the effective tax rate in 2025, as compared to 2024, was due to the treatment of certain permanent differences while in a larger loss position, such as in 2025. The 15.60% increase from 2023 to 2024 was primarily due to a larger proportional effect of permanent tax differences on lower pretax income and higher tax-exempt BOLI income. This increase was partially offset by a reduction in the tax-exempt interest exclusion (due to a larger IRC Section 291(e) interest expense disallowance), compared to 2023.

We file a consolidated return in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction and a combined return in the State of California and the State of New Jersey due to interest on purchased auto loans registered in New Jersey. There were no ongoing federal or state income tax examinations at the time of the issuance of this report. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, neither the Bank nor Bancorp had accruals for interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Investment Securities

We maintain an investment securities portfolio to provide liquidity and generate earnings on funds that have not been loaned to customers. Management determines the maturities and types of securities to be purchased based on liquidity and interest rate risk position, and the desire to attain a reasonable investment yield balanced with risk exposure. The tables below show the composition of the debt securities portfolio by weighted average life at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Weighted average life takes into account the issuer's right to call or prepay obligations, with or without call or prepayment penalties. The weighted average life of the investment portfolio at December 31, 2025 and 2024 was approximately 4.2 and 5.9 years, respectively. The effective duration of the investment portfolio was 2.8 and 4.6 at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Bank completed a balance sheet repositioning and reclassified its HTM portfolio into AFS resulting in no HTM securities at December 31, 2025.

December 31, 2025 Within 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years Total

Available-for-sale:

December 31, 2024 Within 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years Total

Held-to-maturity:

Available-for-sale:

1 Book value reflects cost, adjusted for accumulated amortization and accretion.

2 Weighted average calculation is based on amortized cost of securities.

3 Yields on tax-exempt municipal bonds are presented on a taxable equivalent basis, using a federal tax rate of 21%.

The amortized cost of our investment securities portfolio increased by $55.5 million, or 4.3%, in 2025. In 2025, we sold $778.9 million in available-for-sale securities with an average yield of 1.99%, as part of a balance sheet restructuring, including $279.8 million in agency collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"), $270.8 million in agency mortgage-backed securities ("MBSs"), $98.1 million in debentures of government sponsored agencies, $95.7 million in obligations of state and political subdivisions, $21.0 million in corporate bonds, $12.0 million in U.S. Treasury securities and $1.5 million in SBA-backed securities. The sales of available-for-sale securities generated a net pre-tax loss of $88.2 million. Sales proceeds were deployed into securities with a higher yield and lower effective duration than the securities sold.

We consider agency debentures and CMOs issued by U.S. government sponsored entities to have low credit risk as they carry the credit support of the U.S. federal government. The debentures, CMBSs, CMOs and MBS issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies made up 95.5% of the portfolio as of December 31, 2025, compared to 85.1% at December 31, 2024. See the discussion in the section captioned “Securities May Lose Value Due to Credit Quality of the Issuers” in ITEM 1A Risk Factors above.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, distribution of our investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions was as follows:

Within California:

Outside California:

Percent of investment portfolio 4.5% 4.1% 12.2% 11.9%

The portion of the portfolio outside the state of California is distributed among twelve states. Of the total investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions, the largest concentrations outside California are in Texas (44.3%), Wisconsin (24.1%) and Virginia (6.7%). Our investments in obligations issued by municipal issuers in Texas are either guaranteed by the AAA-rated Texas Permanent School Fund ("PSF"), rated AAA without enhancement, or backed by revenue sources from essential services (such as utilities and transportation).

Investments in states, municipalities and political subdivisions are subject to an initial pre-purchase credit assessment and ongoing monitoring. Key considerations include:

•The soundness of a municipality’s budgetary position and the stability of its tax revenues

•Debt profile and level of unfunded liabilities, diversity of revenue sources, taxing authority of the issuer

•Local demographics and economics including unemployment data, the largest local taxpayers and employers, income indices, and home values

•For revenue bonds, the source and strength of revenue for municipal authorities, including obligors' financial condition and reserve levels, annual debt service and debt coverage ratio, and credit enhancement (such as insurers' strength)

•Credit ratings by major credit rating agencies

Loans

Loans Outstanding by Class and Percent of Total

Real estate

Allowance for credit losses on loans (30,089) (30,656)

Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses $ 2,090,764 $ 2,052,600

Loans increased by $37.6 million in 2025, or 1.8%, to $2.121 billion as of December 31, 2025, from $2.083 billion as of December 31, 2024 and was primarily due to a $92.7 million increase in commercial non-owner occupied real estate loans, offset by a decrease of $32.6 million in residential real estate loans and a decrease of $21.9 million in

construction loans. Organic loan originations were $273.5 million in 2025, compared to $152.6 million in 2024. There were loan purchases of approximately $250 thousand in 2025 compared to $35.7 million in 2024. Payoffs were $145.7 million in 2025, compared to $120.6 million in 2024. The majority of the payoffs were a result of asset sales and cash payoffs. In addition, $90.2 million of loan amortization from scheduled repayments, net of credit line utilization, contributed to the change in loan balances for 2025.

Approximately 90% and 89% of total loans were secured by real estate as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For additional information on loan concentration risk, see ITEM 1A, Risk Factors.

The following table summarizes our commercial real estate loan concentrations by the county in which the property was located as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Commercial Real Estate Loans Outstanding by County

(dollars in thousands; unaudited) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024

Commercial real estate loans increased by $80.9 million in 2025 to $1.676 billion from $1.596 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase in 2025 was comprised of the $92.7 million increase within the non-owner occupied loan portfolio, partially offset by the $11.7 million decrease within the owner-occupied loan portfolio. Of the commercial real estate loans as of December 31, 2025, 81% were non-owner occupied and 19% were owner-occupied. Almost the entire commercial real estate loan portfolio is comprised of term loans for which the primary source of repayment is either the cash flow from leasing activities of the real estate collateral or the operating cash flow of the owner occupant.

Non-owner and Owner Occupied Real Estate Loans by Type

Multi-family 18 16 — —

Church — — 5 6

Gas/auto — — 9 8

Health club — — 3 4

Commercial Real Estate Loans by Type and County

Non-owner occupied Owner-occupied

(unaudited) Retail Warehouse & industrial Multi-family Office Office

With the heightened market concern about non-owner-occupied commercial real estate, and in particular the office sector, we are providing the following additional information: We continue to maintain diversity among property types and within our geographic footprint. In particular, our office commercial real estate portfolio in the City of San Francisco represents just 3% of our total loan portfolio and 4% of our total non-owner-occupied commercial real estate portfolio.

The following table shows an analysis of construction loans by type and county as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Construction Loans Outstanding by Type and County

(dollars in thousands; unaudited) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024

Commercial real estate — — 2,261 6.1

(dollars in thousands; unaudited) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024

Construction loans decreased by $21.9 million in 2025 to $15.1 million from $37.0 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease in 2025 was primarily due to payoffs of $28.7 million offset by $6.7 million in advances on existing construction loans.

Undisbursed construction loan commitments at December 31, 2025 and 2024 were $10.5 million and $8.3 million, respectively.

The following table presents the amortized costs and maturity distribution of our loans by portfolio class as of December 31, 2025 based on their contractual maturity dates. Maturities do not include scheduled payments or potential prepayments.

Loan Maturity Distribution

(in thousands; unaudited)

Real estate

1 Construction loans that mature after 5 years are structured to convert to permanent financing after the initial construction period.

The following table shows the mix of variable-rate loans and fixed-rate loans due after one year by portfolio class as of December 31, 2025. The large majority of variable-rate loans are tied to independent indices, such as the Prime Rate or a Treasury Constant Maturity Rate. Most loans with original terms of more than five years have provisions for the fixed rates to reset, or convert to variable rates, after three, five or seven years. These loans are included in the variable-rate balances below.

Loan Interest Rate Sensitivity - Due After One Year

(in thousands; unaudited) Fixed Variable Total

Real estate

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The allowance for credit losses on loans is calculated in accordance with ASC 326 based on management's best estimate of current expected credit losses over the loans' contractual terms, adjusted for estimated prepayments where applicable. The contractual terms exclude anticipated extensions, renewals and modifications. Relevant available information includes historical credit loss experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. While historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, adjustments to historical loss information may be made for differences in current portfolio-specific risk characteristics, environmental conditions or other relevant factors. All specifically identifiable and quantifiable losses are charged off against the allowance. The ultimate adequacy of the allowance depends on a variety of complex factors, some of which may be beyond management's control, such as volatility in the real estate market, changes in interest rates and economic and political environments. Based on the current conditions of the loan portfolio and reasonable and supportable forecasts, management believes that the $30.1 million allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2025 was adequate to absorb expected credit losses in our loan portfolio. For additional information on our allowance for credit losses methodology, refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.42% at December 31, 2025 and 1.47% at December 31, 2024.

The $567 thousand decrease in the allowance for credit losses on loans in 2025 was largely due to the $942 thousand in net charge-offs, primarily due to a $2.1 million acquired non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan with a partial charge-off in the first quarter of 2025 of $809 thousand that the Bank had previously reserved $449 thousand for as of December 31, 2024. There was an additional decline in the financial condition of the borrower and guarantor and the value of the collateral during the first quarter that led to the Bank proactively selling the note in March rather than pursuing the additional costly steps of liquidating after foreclosure. It had been on non-accrual since late 2023. This decline was partially offset by the $375 thousand provision recorded in 2025.

For further information, refer to the Provision for Credit Losses section above, and Notes 1 and 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The following table presents the allowance for credit losses on loans by loan portfolio class in accordance with the methodology described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, as well as the percentage of total loans in each of the same loan portfolio classes as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses

The table below shows the activity in the allowance for credit losses for each of the three years presented below.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Rollforward

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 375 5,550 2,575

Loans charged-off:

Commercial and industrial (117) (41) (11)

Real estate:

Commercial real estate, owner-occupied — — (406)

Commercial, non-owner occupied (809) — —

Installment and other consumer (16) (58) (24)

Loans recovered:

Commercial and industrial — 21 29

Real estate:

Commercial, non-owner occupied — 8 —

Construction — 25

Installment and other consumer — 4 1

Total loans recovered — 33 55

Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans 0.05 % NM 0.02 %

NM - Not meaningful.

The following table shows non-performing assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Non-Performing Assets

(dollars in thousands; unaudited) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024

Non-accrual loans:

Commercial and industrial $ 524 $ 2,845

Real estate:

Commercial, owner-occupied 314 1,537

Other residential 72 —

Installment and other consumer 204 222

Other real estate owned $ — $ —

Repossessed personal properties — 1

Criticized and classified loans:

Doubtful $ — $ —

Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans 1.12x 0.90x

Non-accrual loans to total loans 1.27 % 1.63 %

Non-performing assets to total assets 0.69 % 0.92 %

Non-Accrual Loans

Non-accrual loans decreased by $7.0 million in 2025, primarily due to $4.4 million in payoffs including a $3.6 million commercial relationship paid off in full in the fourth quarter and a $2.1 million non-owner occupied real estate loan sale in the first quarter.

Non-accrual loans increased by $25.9 million in 2024, primarily due to three relationships designated as non-accrual in the second and third quarters.

Approximately 97% of the non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2025 were well-secured by either commercial or residential real estate.

Criticized and Classified Loans

Loans designated as special mention, which are not considered adversely classified, increased by $9.1 million in 2025 with downgrades from the pass or watch category of $49.3 million primarily within commercial real estate and commercial with an average balance of $2.7 million and upgrades from substandard of $6.9 million, partially offset by payoffs and paydowns of $38.7 million and $7.3 million, respectively.

Loans designated as special mention decreased by $26.3 million in 2024, primarily due to net downgrades of $2.6 million from the pass or watch category and downgrades of $25.0 million to substandard. Of the downgrades to special mention, $15.3 million was attributed to one recently completed construction loan that will be marketed for sale or paid down to a conforming debt service level. The remaining balance changes consisted of paydowns, payoffs and upgrades from substandard risk rating.

Loans classified as substandard decreased by $13.0 million in 2025 largely due to upgrades to special mention of $6.9 million mentioned above and payoffs and paydowns of $5.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively. Downgrades from pass or watch of $2.1 million in the year were offset by the $2.1 million loan that was sold.

Loans classified as substandard increased by $12.8 million in 2024, primarily due to downgrades from special mention totaling $25.0 million and from pass totaling $2.7 million, partially offset by $11.9 million in paydowns and payoffs and $2.8 million in upgrades to pass or special mention. Of the downgraded loans, $17.1 million (or 82%)

was secured by commercial real estate, $3.5 million was to commercial borrowers, and the remaining $222 thousand were personal loans.

Refer to Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report for an allocation of criticized and classified loans by loan portfolio class.

Other Assets

BOLI totaled $71.3 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $71.0 million at December 31, 2024. The $279 thousand increase was primarily due to increased earnings from higher yields on policies in 2025.

Interest receivable and other assets totaled $84.4 million and $72.3 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The $12.1 million increase was primarily due to a $12.3 million increase in net deferred tax assets, as discussed below.

Net deferred tax assets totaled $42.9 million and $30.6 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Deferred tax assets consist primarily of tax benefits expected to be realized in future periods related to temporary differences such as allowances for credit losses and unfunded loan commitments, net operating loss carryforwards, and deferred compensation and salary continuation obligations. The $12.3 million increase in 2025 was primarily due to the $12.8 million increase in net operating loss carryforwards resulting from the Bank's higher pre-tax loss of $52.5 million in 2025 compared to $13.8 million in 2024. Also contributing to the increase were a $4.4 million increase in operating and finance lease liabilities and a $2.8 million increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans and unfunded loan commitments. The increases in net deferred tax assets were partially offset by a $4.9 million decrease in the net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities. Management believes deferred tax assets will be realizable due to our expectation that earnings will continue to be at a level adequate to realize such tax benefits. Therefore, no valuation allowance was established as of December 31, 2025 or 2024. For additional information, refer to Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

We held $16.7 million of FHLB stock recorded at cost in other assets at both December 31, 2025 and 2024. We received $1.5 million, $1.5 million and $1.3 million in cash dividends in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For additional information, refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Deposits

Deposits increased by $195.5 million, to $3.416 billion at December 31, 2025, compared to $3.220 billion at December 31, 2024. Non-interest bearing deposits were 36.7% of total deposits at December 31, 2025, compared to 39.6% at December 31, 2024. We continued our disciplined and focused approach to relationship management and customer outreach, adding over 4,000 new accounts in 2025, 43% of which were new relationships, and 51% were non-interest bearing (excluding new reciprocal accounts).

As of December 31, 2025, 62% of deposit balances were held in business accounts, with average balances of $141 thousand per account. The remaining 38% were consumer accounts, with average balances of $40 thousand per account. The largest depositor represented 3.8% of total deposits, and the combined four largest depositors represented 7.3% of total deposits.

Balances in reciprocal deposit networks increased by $54.2 million during 2025 to $458.9 million as of December 31, 2025. Costs associated with network deposits fees are recorded as non-interest expense and totaled $476 thousand, $448 thousand, and $374 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The interest the bank pays on balances in the deposit networks is recorded in deposit interest expense.

Estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits totaled 31% of total deposits as of December 31, 2025, compared to 29% as of December 31, 2024.

Our liquidity policies require that compensating cash balances be held against concentrations over a certain level. See ITEM 1A, Risk Factors, for a discussion of potential risks associated with concentrations and volatility due to the activity of our large deposit customers.

Distribution of Average Deposits

The table below shows the relative composition of our average deposits for 2025 and 2024. For average rates paid on deposits, refer to the Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income table in ITEM 7- Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

For the year ended December 31,

1 Money market balances include Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") in both 2025 and 2024.

Maturities of Uninsured Time Deposits

The following table shows time deposits by account that are in excess of $250,000 by time remaining to maturity at December 31, 2025.

(in thousands; unaudited) Total Uninsured Portion

Over six months through twelve months 15,376 8,376

Network Deposits

Our deposit portfolio includes deposits offered through the Promontory Interfinancial Network that are comprised of Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® ("CDARS") balances included in time deposits and Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") balances included in money market deposits. In addition, we offer deposits through R&T Deposit Solutions comprised of Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM ("DDM") balances. Through these two networks we are able to offer our customers access to FDIC-insured deposit products in aggregate amounts exceeding current insurance limits. When we place funds through CDARS,ICS and DDM, on behalf of a customer, we have the option of receiving matching deposits through the network's reciprocal deposit program, or placing deposits "one-way" for which we receive no matching deposits. The following table shows the composition of our network deposits at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Reciprocal 1 One-Way 1 Reciprocal 1 One-Way 1

Borrowings

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, our borrowing capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") under secured lines of credit totaled $967.2 million and $948.1 million, respectively.

The Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ("FRBSF") totaling $344.7 million as of December 31, 2025, secured by investment securities and residential loans. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window totaling $358.0 million, secured by investment securities and residential loans.

In addition, as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 we had $140.0 million and $125.0 million, respectively, in unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks to cover short-term borrowing needs.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Bank had no outstanding short-term borrowings and our bank lines of credit were not utilized as of December 31, 2025 or 2024.

For additional information, see Note 7, Borrowings and Other Obligations, in ITEM 8 of this report.

Subordinated Notes

During the fourth quarter of 2025, we issued Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Notes of $45.0 million with a final maturity date of December 1, 2035, to certain investors in a private placement, to strengthen capital ratios as part of our balance sheet repositioning. Subordinated notes outstanding was $43.9 million, net of issuance costs, at December 31, 2025. Bancorp made a capital contribution of $30.0 million to the Bank in the fourth quarter. The subordinated notes qualify as Tier 2 capital for the consolidated Company (Bancorp) for regulatory purposes and the portion that Bancorp contributed to the Bank is treated as Tier 1 capital for the Bank. At December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants under our long-term debt subordinated notes agreement.

For additional information, see Note 13, Subordinated Notes, in ITEM 8 of this report.

Deferred Compensation Obligations

We maintain a non-qualified, unfunded deferred compensation plan for certain key management personnel. Under this plan, participating employees may defer compensation, which will entitle them to receive certain payments for up to, but not exceeding, fifteen years commencing upon retirement, death, disability or termination of employment. A similar Deferred Director Fee Plan entitles participating members of the Board of Directors to receive payments as elected by the participant upon separation from service, death, disability or termination of service. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, our aggregate payment obligations under both plans totaled $5.4 million and $6.0 million, respectively, and was recorded in interest payable and other liabilities in the consolidated statements of condition. Decreases in the deferred compensation plans in 2025 mainly resulted from increases in benefit payments to terminated employees.

We have entered into supplemental executive retirement plans ("SERPs") with a select group of executive officers, providing for certain retirement benefits at age 65 and reduced benefits upon early retirement. The annual amount of benefits in either pre-retirement scenario is based on a vesting schedule unique to each executive. The SERP also provides for lump sum benefits in the event of a change in control followed by the termination of the executive. Payments under the SERPs are expected to be funded by income from bank-owned life insurance policies. On December 31, 2025 and 2024, our liabilities under the SERPs totaled $4.8 million and $4.6 million, respectively, and were recorded in interest payable and other liabilities in the consolidated statements of condition. The SERPs are unfunded and non-qualified for tax purposes and subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

For additional information, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Capital Adequacy

As discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, the Bank's capital ratios were above regulatory guidelines to be considered "well capitalized" and Bancorp's ratios exceeded the required minimum ratios for capital adequacy purposes. For further discussion of bank capital requirements, refer to the SUPERVISION AND REGULATION section in ITEM 1 of this report.

The total risk-based capital ratio for Bancorp was15.25% at December 31, 2025, compared to 16.54% at December 31, 2024. The reduction is primarily related to losses recognized on securities sales in 2025.

Bancorp's tangible common equity to tangible assets ("TCE ratio") decreased to 8.35% at December 31, 2025, from 9.93% at December 31, 2024, primarily due to increases in unrealized losses attributed to the HTM securities reclassification and the subsequent loss from sales of securities during 2025. The Bank's total risk-based capital ratio decreased to 13.90% at December 31, 2025, from 16.13% at December 31, 2024.

Bancorp's share repurchase program and activity are discussed in detail in ITEM 5 and in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. We expect to maintain strong capital levels and do not expect that we will be required to raise additional capital in 2026. Our anticipated sources of capital in 2026 include future earnings and shares issued under the stock-based compensation program.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The goal of liquidity management is to provide adequate funds to meet loan demand and to fund operating activities and deposit withdrawals. We accomplish this goal by maintaining an appropriate level of liquid assets and formal lines of credit with the FHLB, FRBSF and correspondent banks that enable us to borrow funds as seen in the table below and discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. Our Asset Liability Management Committee ("ALCO"), which is comprised of Bank directors and the Bank's Chief Executive Officer, is responsible for approving and monitoring our liquidity targets and strategies. The Bank has long-established minimum liquidity requirements that are regularly monitored using metrics and tools similar to those used by larger banks, such as the liquidity coverage ratio, and multi-scenario, long-horizon stress tests. Our contingency funding plan provides for early detection of potential liquidity issues in the market or the Bank and institutes prompt responses that may prevent or alleviate a liquidity crisis. Management monitors liquidity daily and regularly adjusts our position based on current and future liquidity needs. We also have relationships with third-party deposit networks and can adjust the placement of our deposits via reciprocal or one-way sales as part of our cash management strategy as discussed in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Net available funding sources, including unrestricted cash, unencumbered available-for-sale securities, and total available borrowing capacity, totaled $2.148 billion, or 63% of total deposits, and 209% of estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2025.

The following table details the components of our contingent liquidity sources as of December 31, 2025.

(in thousands) Total Available Amount Used Net Availability

Internal Sources

Unencumbered securities at market value 489.6 N/A 489.6

External Sources

Lines of credit at correspondent banks 140.0 — 140

1 Excludes cash items in transit as of December 31, 2025.

Note: Brokered deposits available through third-party networks are not included above.

We obtain funds from the repayment and maturity of loans, deposit inflows, investment securities sales, maturities and paydowns, federal funds purchases, FRBSF and FHLB advances, other borrowings, and cash flow from operations. Although available as a liquidity source, we have not chosen to utilize brokered deposits. Our primary uses of funds are the origination of loans, the purchase of investment securities and loans, withdrawals of deposits, maturities of certificates of deposit, dividends to common stockholders, share repurchases and operating expenses.

Customer deposits are a significant component of our daily liquidity position. The attraction and retention of deposits depend upon the variety and effectiveness of our customer account products, service and convenience, rates paid to customers, and our financial strength. The cash cycles and unique business activities of some of our large commercial depositors may cause short-term fluctuations in their deposit balances held with us.

Our cash and cash equivalents increased by $88.0 million to $225.3 million at December 31, 2025, from $137.3 million at December 31, 2024. The most significant sources of liquidity during 2025 were proceeds from sales,

principal paydowns, calls and maturities of investment securities totaling $935.3 million, $195.5 million in increased deposits, loan payoffs of $145.7 million, $87.4 million in amortization of principal, a net $2.8 million decrease in utilization of credit lines, $45.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of subordinated notes and $39.1 million in net cash was provided by operating activities.

Significant uses of liquidity during 2025 were $1.069 billion in investment securities purchased, and $273.5 million in loan fundings. Additionally other uses included $16.1 million in cash dividends paid on common stock to our shareholders, and $3.3 million in common stock repurchases. Refer to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in this Form 10-K for additional information on our sources and uses of liquidity. Management anticipates that our current strong liquidity position, as detailed in this report, and contingent funding sources are adequate to support our operational needs.

Unfunded credit commitments, as discussed in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, totaled $464.7 million at December 31, 2025. We expect to fund these commitments to the extent utilized primarily through the repayment of existing loans, principal paydowns of investment securities, and liquid assets.

Over the next twelve months, $198.2 million of time deposits will mature. We expect that a high percentage of these funds will remain with the Bank either through renewals or shifts to other deposit products. Any outflows can be absorbed by the Bank's excess liquidity. We believe our emphasis on local deposits, combined with our immediately available funding sources, provides a very stable base for our liquidity needs.

We had no outstanding short term borrowings under our credit facilities as of December 31, 2025, and 2024, as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. We issued Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Notes of $45.0 million with a final maturity date of December 1, 2035, during 2025, to certain investors in a private placement, to strengthen our capital ratios as part of our balance sheet repositioning, as discussed in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Because Bancorp is a holding company and does not conduct regular banking operations, its primary sources of liquidity are dividends from the Bank. Under the California Financial Code, payment of a dividend from the Bank to Bancorp without advance regulatory approval is restricted to the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or the amount of the Bank’s net profits from the previous three fiscal years less the amount of dividends paid during that period. The Bank received approval from the State of California - Department of Financial Protection and Innovation on May 30, 2025, for a dividend of $32.0 million which was paid to Bancorp on May 30, 2025. The primary uses of funds for Bancorp are shareholder dividends, subordinated notes servicing, share repurchases and ordinary operating expenses. Bancorp held $35.2 million in cash as of December 31, 2025, which is expected to cover cash needs throughout 2026.

Statement Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Financial results are presented in accordance with GAAP and with reference to certain non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes that, given industry turmoil that largely began in the first quarter of 2023, the presentation of Bancorp's non-GAAP TCE ratio reflecting the after tax impact of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities provides useful supplemental information to investors because it reflects the level of capital remaining after a hypothetical liquidation of the entire securities portfolio. In addition, management believes that providing selected financial measures excluding the loss on sale of securities discussed above is useful to investors as the strategic short-term loss taken for long-term profitability makes the operational performance difficult to compare to the prior period. Because there are limits to the usefulness of this or any other non-GAAP measure to investors, Bancorp encourages readers to consider its annual and quarterly consolidated financial statements and notes related thereto in their entirety, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and not to rely on any single financial measure. A reconciliation of the GAAP financial measures to comparable non-GAAP financial measures is presented below. There were no held-to-maturity securities held at December 31, 2025, resulting in the non-GAAP TCE ratio being equal to the GAAP TCE ratio.

Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Financial Measures

(in thousands, unaudited) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024

Tangible Common Equity - Bancorp

Goodwill and core deposit intangible (74,670) (75,546)

Unrealized losses on HTM securities, net of tax1 — (89,171)

Unrealized losses on HTM securities included in AOCI, net of tax2 — 7,701

TCE, net of unrealized losses on HTM securities (non-GAAP) b $ 319,984 278,391

Goodwill and core deposit intangible (74,670) (75,546)

Unrealized losses on HTM securities, net of tax1 — (89,171)

Unrealized losses on HTM securities included in AOCI, net of tax2 — 7,701

Bancorp TCE ratio a / c 8.35 % 9.93 %

Tangible Book Value Per Share

Tangible book value per share a / e $ 19.87 $ 22.37

(in thousands, except per share amounts; unaudited) Years ended

Adjustments:

Diluted (loss) earnings per share

Weighted average basic and diluted shares 15,942 16,042

Diluted (loss) earnings per share (GAAP) $ (2.24) $ (0.52)

Comparable basic earnings per share (non-GAAP) $ 1.66 $ 0.90

Return on average assets

Return on average assets (GAAP) (0.94) % (0.22) %

Comparable return on average assets (non-GAAP) 0.70 % 0.38 %

Return on average equity

Return on average equity (GAAP) (8.19) % (1.93) %

Comparable return on average equity (non-GAAP) 6.07 % 3.34 %

Return on average tangible common equity

Return on average tangible common equity (GAAP) (9.92) % (2.34) %

Comparable return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) 7.36 % 4.03 %

Efficiency ratio

Comparable efficiency ratio (non-GAAP) 69.15 % 76.62 %

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market risk is defined as the risk of loss arising from an adverse change in the market value (or prices) of financial instruments. A significant component of market risk is interest rate risk, which is inherent in our lending, investment, borrowing, and deposit gathering activities. The Bank manages interest rate sensitivity to minimize the exposure of our net interest margin, earnings, and capital to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in the net interest margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing, or maturity of assets or liabilities. Interest rate changes can also affect the market value of our financial instruments, such as available-for-sale securities and the related unrealized gains or losses, which affect our equity value.

To mitigate interest rate risk, the structure of our assets and liabilities is managed with the objective of correlating the effects of interest rate changes on loans and investments with those of deposits and borrowings. The Asset/Liability Management Policy sets limits on the acceptable amount of change to net interest income and the economic value of equity in different interest rate environments.

From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap contracts to mitigate the changes in the fair value of selected investment securities and specified long-term fixed-rate loans and firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans caused by changes in interest rates. Refer to Note 15 in the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

ALCO and the Board of Directors review our exposure to interest rate risk at least quarterly. We use simulation models to measure interest rate risk and to evaluate strategies to improve profitability in the context of policy guidelines. A simplified statement of condition is prepared on a quarterly basis as a starting point, using instrument level data of our actual loans, investments, borrowings and deposits as inputs. If potential changes to net equity value and net interest income resulting from hypothetical interest rate changes are not within the limits established by the Board of Directors, management may adjust the asset and liability mix to bring the risk position within approved limits or take other actions. Governing policies are subject to review by regulators and are updated to incorporate their observations and adapt to changes in idiosyncratic and systemic risks. As of December 31, 2025, interest rate risk was within the policy guidelines established by ALCO and the Board.

As of December 31, 2025, our interest rate risk position was within the policy guidelines established by ALCO and the Board based on an assessment that was completed before the reclassification of certain reciprocal network deposits from noninterest-bearing to interest-bearing. The results from an updated assessment, which will include the reclassification, are expected to be released in late April 2026 as part of our first quarter earnings release materials and preliminary calculations suggest that we should remain in compliance with policy guidelines.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors

Bank of Marin Bancorp

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of condition of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025, and 2024, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness identified below on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

As discussed in Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements, the 2024 consolidated financial statements have been restated.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management’s assessment:

Management did not design and implement adequate control activities related to the accounting for and classification of certain reciprocal network deposits and transactions.

We considered the material weakness in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, and our opinion on such consolidated financial statements was not affected.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Critical Audit Matter Description

As described in Note 1 and Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the allowance for credit losses on loans at December 31, 2025, was $30.1 million on a total loan portfolio of $2.1 billion. The allowance for credit losses provides an estimate of lifetime expected losses in the loan portfolio. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial assets.

We identified the qualitative internal and external risk factors used in the allowance for credit losses on loans as a critical audit matter. The principal considerations for our determination of this component of the allowance for credit losses on loans as a critical audit matter are subjectivity of the estimation and application of qualitative internal and external risk factors used in the calculation. The qualitative internal and external risk factors are used to adjust for differences in segment-specific risk characteristics or conditions that differ from those that existed during the historical period for which the probability of default and loss given default factors were developed. Auditing management’s judgements regarding the qualitative internal and external risk factors applied to the allowance for

credit losses on loans involved especially challenging and subjective auditor judgments when performing audit procedures and evaluating the results of those procedures.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of internal controls related to the Company’s calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans, including controls over the qualitative internal and external risk factors utilized. Our audit procedures related to the matter included the following, among others:

•Evaluating the appropriateness of the methodology used in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans, as well as testing completeness and accuracy of the data used in the calculation, application of the qualitative internal and external risk factors determined by management and used in the calculation, and verifying calculations in the allowance for credit losses on loans.

•Obtaining management’s analysis of qualitative internal and external risk factors and evaluating the reasonableness of the assumptions used in determining the qualitative factor adjustments.

/s/ Baker Tilly US, LLP

Portland, Oregon

March 13, 2026

We have served as the Company’s auditors since 2004.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORPCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION

(in thousands, except share data) 2025 2024

(As Restated)

Assets

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 225,303 $ 137,304

Investment securities:

Allowance for credit losses on loans (30,089) (30,656)

Bank premises and equipment, net 8,059 6,832

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Liabilities

Deposits:

Interest bearing:

Borrowings and other obligations 709 154

Subordinated notes, net of issuance costs 43,857 —

Interest payable and other liabilities 25,269 24,250

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 12 and 17)

Stockholders' Equity

Preferred stock, no par value, Authorized - 5,000,000 shares, none issued — —

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (18,419) (30,068)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORPCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(As Revised) (As Revised)

Interest income

Interest on federal funds sold and due from banks 9,535 6,714 2,329

Interest expense

Interest on interest-bearing transaction accounts 5,408 4,279 3,445

Interest on borrowings and other obligations 9 241 11,562

Interest on subordinated notes 368 — —

Non-interest income

Earnings on bank-owned life insurance death benefits 306 — 314

Non-interest expense

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance 1,807 1,863 1,878

Amortization of core deposit intangible 875 975 1,350

Other real estate owned — — 48

Net (loss) income per common share:

Weighted average common shares:

Comprehensive (loss) income :

Other comprehensive income (loss):

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORPCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Shares Amount

Other comprehensive income, net of tax — — — 20,740 20,740

Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan 2,527 46 — — 46

Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan 58,400 1,315 — — 1,315

Restricted stock granted 61,978 — — — —

Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled (21,024) — — — —

Stock-based compensation - stock options — 181 — — 181

Stock-based compensation - restricted stock — 341 — — 341

Cash dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share) — — (16,106) — (16,106)

Stock issued in payment of director fees 18,362 398 — — 398

Other comprehensive income, net of tax — — — 22,938 22,938

Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan 2,184 38 — — 38

Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan 60,800 1,149 — — 1,149

Restricted stock granted 106,964 — — — —

Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled (42,396) — — — —

Stock-based compensation - stock options — 50 — — 50

Stock-based compensation - restricted stock — 580 — — 580

Cash dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share) — — (16,197) — (16,197)

Stock issued in payment of director fees 27,287 513 — — 513

Other comprehensive income, net of tax — — — 11,649 11,649

Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan 1,539 35 — — 35

Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan 65,150 1,476 — — 1,476

Restricted stock granted 98,620 — — — —

Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled (17,514) — — — —

Stock-based compensation - stock options — 5 — — 5

Stock-based compensation - restricted stock — 810 — — 810

Cash dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share) — — (16,126) — (16,126)

Stock issued in payment of director fees 19,763 469 — — 469

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORP CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

Noncash contribution expense to employee stock ownership plan 1,476 1,149 1,315

Noncash director compensation expense 469 513 398

Amortization of core deposit intangible 875 975 1,350

Accretion of discount on subordinated notes 22 — —

Issuance costs offset to subordinated notes (1,165) — —

Net change in deferred loan origination costs/fees 302 120 (836)

Write-down of other real estate owned — — 40

Loss on disposal of premises and equipment 9 — —

Earnings on bank-owned life insurance policies (1,779) (1,714) (1,488)

Earnings on bank-owned life insurance death benefits (306) — (314)

Net changes in:

Net changes in interest receivable and other assets (17,181) (6,695) (4,149)

Net changes in interest payable and other liabilities 588 172 2,378

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment — 21 —

Proceeds from sale of Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock — — 2,807

Proceeds from sale of loan — — 3,263

Purchase of bank-owned life insurance policies — (1,211) —

Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance policies 1,805 — 766

Purchase of premises and equipment (1,819) (520) (1,749)

Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned — — 420

Cash paid for low income housing tax credit investment (10) (5) (42)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

Repayment of proceeds from short-term borrowings, net — (26,000) (86,000)

Repayment of finance lease obligations (126) (152) (148)

Proceeds from issuance of subordinated notes 45,000 — —

Proceeds from stock options exercised — — 230

Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting (103) (64) (70)

Stock repurchased, including commissions (3,293) (4,253) —

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:

Stock issued to employee stock ownership plan

Transfer of loan to loans held-for-sale $ — $ — $ 3,263

Restricted cash 1 $ — $ — $ 330

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations: Bank of Marin Bancorp ("Bancorp"), headquartered in Novato, California, conducts business primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank of Marin (the "Bank"), a California state-chartered commercial bank that provides a wide range of financial services through 27 retail branches and 8 commercial banking offices across Northern California. Our customer base is made up of business, not-for-profit and personal banking relationships from the communities within our Northern California footprint.

Basis of Presentation:The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bancorp, a bank holding company, and its wholly-owned bank subsidiary, Bank of Marin, a California state-chartered commercial bank. References to “we,” “our,” “us” mean Bancorp and the Bank that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. Our accounting and reporting policies conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), general practice, and regulatory guidance within the banking industry. A summary of our significant policies follows. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated. We evaluated subsequent events through the date of filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and determined there were no subsequent events that required additional recognition or disclosure.

Segment Reporting: Our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews our financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. We have one operating and reportable segment, community banking, and our other operating segment, wealth management services, does not meet the quantitative threshold for separate reporting. Our CODM reviews consolidated net income before provision for income taxes as our primary measure of profitability alongside significant expense information consistent with the expense captions presented in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). These metrics are used by our CODM to monitor actual results and to benchmark to our peers. Segment assets are equal to consolidated total assets in our Consolidated Statements of Condition and all segment non-cash items are equal to those disclosed in our Consolidated Statements of Cashflows. We derive materially all of our income from activities within the United States, and materially all of our long lived assets are physically located within the United States. No single customer or client relationship accounts for ten percent or more of our income.

(in thousands)

Community banking segment:

Reconciliation of income

Less:2

Reversal of credit losses on unfunded loan commitments 185 (233) (342)

Non-interest expense

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance 1,807 1,863 1,878

Amortization of core deposit intangible 875 975 1,350

Other real estate owned — — 48

Reconciliation of segment (loss) income

Accounting Changes and Reclassifications: Prior financial statements have been adjusted in this document to include the reclassification of a portion of deposit network fees within non-interest expense to deposit interest expense, as noted in the Explanatory Note in Part I and in Note 19, Restatement of Prior Period Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates:The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include the allowance for credit losses, fair value measurements, and goodwill impairment assessment, as discussed in the Notes herein.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: This includes cash, due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments with maturities of less than three months at the time of purchase.Restricted cash includes balances not immediately available for business operations such as Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco reserve requirements and cash pledged for interest rate swap contracts and local agency deposits.

Investment Securities: Investment securities are classified as "held-to-maturity" or "HTM," "trading securities" or "available-for-sale" or "AFS." Investments classified as held-to-maturity are those that we have the ability and intent to hold until maturity and are reported at cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.

Investments held for resale in anticipation of short-term market movements are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. Investments that are neither held-to-maturity nor trading are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes, are reported as a separate component of comprehensive income (loss) and included in stockholders' equity until realized. For discussion of our methodology in determining fair value, see Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.

Purchase premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. For certain callable debt securities purchased at a premium, we amortize the premium to the earliest call date.

Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are included in non-interest income. The specific identification method is used to calculate realized gains and losses on sales of securities.

Prior to the balance sheet repositioning in the fourth quarter of 2025, securities transferred from the available-for-sale category to the held-to-maturity category were recorded at fair value at the date of transfer and the unrealized holding gains or losses on the dates of the transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity were included in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the consolidated balance sheets and amortized over the life of the securities. After the repositioning, investments previously classified as held-to-maturity and reclassified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value, and the unrealized gains or losses are included in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Subsequent to the sale of a portion of these securities, the remaining balance of the unrealized holding gains or losses on the date of the original transfer held within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was realized.

Non-marketable equity securities include stock held for membership and regulatory purposes, such as Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock and other non-marketable equity securities. These securities are accounted for at cost, evaluated for impairment as of each reporting period, and included in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. During 2023, the Bank sold its remaining investment in Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock, as discussed in Note 2 - Investment securities. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024 our investment in FHLB stock was carried at cost, as there was no impairment or changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Both cash and stock dividends from the FHLB are reported as non-interest income.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Investment Securities: The allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities is a contra-asset valuation account determined in accordance with ASC 326, which is deducted from the securities' amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date as a result of management's assessment of the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance is measured on a pooled basis for securities with similar risk characteristics using historical credit loss information, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Securities that are determined to be uncollectible are written off against the allowance.

For available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position ("impaired security"), we assess whether 1) we intend to sell the security, or, 2) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Under either of these conditions, the security's amortized cost is written down to fair value through a charge to previously recognized allowances or earnings, as applicable. For impaired securities that do not meet these conditions, we assess whether the decline in fair value was due to credit loss or other factors. This assessment considers, among other things: 1) the extent to which the fair value is less than amortized cost, 2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, 3) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and 4) our intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss component. Any impairment due to non-credit-related factors that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). The discount rate used in determining the present value of the expected cash flows is based on the effective interest rate implicit in the security at the date of purchase.

Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the amortized costs and fair values of both held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities and included in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. Investment securities are placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest is contractually past due more than ninety days, or management does not expect full payment of principal and interest. We do not record an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest on investment securities, as the amounts are written-off when the investment is placed on non-accrual status. There were no non-accrual investment securities in any of the years presented in the consolidated financial statements.

Originated Loans: Loans are reported at amortized cost, which is the principal amount outstanding net of deferred fees (costs), purchase premiums (discounts) and net charge-offs (recoveries). Amortized cost excludes accrued interest, which is reflected in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition. We do not measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable balances because these balances are written off in a timely manner as a reduction to interest income when loans are placed on non-accrual status as discussed below. Interest income is accrued daily using the simple interest method. Fees collected upon loan origination and certain direct costs of originating loans are deferred and recognized over the contractual lives of the related loans as yield adjustments using the interest method or straight-line method, as applicable. Upon prepayment or other disposition of the underlying loans before their contractual maturities, any associated unearned fees or unamortized costs are recognized.

Acquired Loans:ASC 326 modified the accounting for purchased loans and requires that an allowance for credit losses be established at the date of acquisition. However, for purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination (“PCD assets”) that are measured at amortized cost, the initial allowance for credit losses is added to the purchase price rather than reported as a provision for credit losses. Subsequent changes in the allowance for credit losses on PCD assets are recognized through the provision for credit losses.

Past-Due and Non-Accrual Loan Policy: A loan is considered past due when a payment has not been received by the contractual due date. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when management believes that there is substantial doubt as to the collection of principal or interest, generally when they become contractually past due by 90 days or more with respect to principal or interest, except for loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection. When loans are placed on non-accrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from current-period interest income and the amortization of deferred loan origination fees and costs is suspended. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the ultimate collectability of principal. We may return non-accrual loans to accrual status when one of the following occurs:

•The borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the principal and interest and we are satisfied with the borrower's financial position. In order to meet this test, we must have received repayment of all past due principal and interest, unless the amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time, and there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally, six consecutive monthly payments), according to the original or modified contractual terms.

•The loan has become well secured and is in the process of collection.

Loan Charge-Off Policy:For all loan types excluding overdraft accounts, we generally make a charge-off determination at or before 90 days past due. A collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to the fair value of collateral securing it if: (1) it is deemed uncollectable, or (2) it has been classified as a loss by either our internal loan review process or external examiners. A non-collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to its net realizable value under the same circumstances. Overdraft accounts are generally charged off when they exceed 60 days past due.

Collateral Dependent Loans: A loan is collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For collateral dependent loans, including those for which management determines foreclosure is probable, each loan is individually evaluated and the allowance for credit losses is based on the fair value of the collateral, adjusted for estimated selling costs when repayment is expected from the sale of the collateral, less the loan's amortized cost. In determining the fair value, management considers such information as the appraised value of the collateral, observed and potential future changes in collateral value, and historical loss experience for loans that were secured

by similar collateral. Generally, with problem credits that are collateral dependent, we obtain appraisals of the collateral at least annually. We may obtain appraisals more frequently if we believe the collateral value is subject to market volatility, if a specific event has affected the collateral, or if we believe foreclosure is imminent.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACL"):The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date to present the net amount of loans expected to be collected. Amortized cost does not include accrued interest, which management elected to exclude from the estimate of expected credit losses (refer to the Past-Due and Non-Accrual Loan Policy section above). Management estimates the allowance quarterly using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses.

The ACL model utilizes a discounted cash flow ("DCF") method to measure the expected credit losses on loans collectively evaluated that are sub-segmented by loan pools with similar credit risk characteristics, which are generally comprised of federal regulatory reporting codes (i.e., Call codes). Pooled segments include the following:

•Loans secured by real estate:

- 1-4 family residential construction loans

- Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans

- Secured by farmland (including residential and other improvements)

- Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines

of credit

- Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by first liens

- Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by junior liens

- Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties

- Commercial real estate loans secured by owner-occupied non-farm nonresidential properties

- Commercial real estate loans secured by other non-farm nonresidential properties

•Loans to finance agricultural production and other loans to farmers

•Commercial and industrial loans

•Loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures (i.e., consumer loans)

•Municipal entities

•Non-profit organizations

•Other loans (overdraft credit lines)

The DCF method incorporates assumptions for probability of default ("PD"), loss given default ("LGD"), and prepayments and curtailments over the contractual terms of the loans. Under the DCF method, the ACL reflects the difference between the amortized cost basis and the present value of the expected cash flows using the loan's effective rate. We elected to report the change in present values from one reporting period to the next due to the passage of time and changes in the estimate of future expected cash flows through the provision for credit losses, rather than though interest income.

In determining the PD for each pooled segment, the Bank utilized regression analyses to identify certain economic drivers that were considered highly correlated to historical Bank or peer loan default experience. As a result, management chose the California unemployment rate as the primary economic forecast driver for all segments, except for municipal loans. In addition, the annual percentage change in the California gross domestic product was used in the commercial and industrial loan segment. For municipal loans, the ACL model utilized a constant default rate obtained from a nationally recognized default rate study, which is updated annually. A third party provides LGD estimates for each segment based on a banking industry Frye-Jacobs Risk Index approach. The ACL model incorporates a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast of economic factors, updated quarterly, which is based on Moody's Analytics' Baseline Forecast. For periods beyond the forecast horizon, the economic factors revert to historical averages on a straight-line basis over a one-year period.

Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments and curtailments, when appropriate. The pooled loans' contractual loan terms exclude assumptions about extensions, renewals, and modifications.

Loans that do not share the same risk characteristics as pooled loans are evaluated individually for credit loss and generally include all non-accrual loans, collateral dependent loans, and certain modified loans and loans graded substandard or worse, as determined by management.

•Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio

•Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accruals loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans

•The existence and effect of individual loan and loan segment concentrations

•Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere

•Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff

•Changes in the quality of our systematic loan review processes

•Changes in economic and business conditions, and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio

•Changes in the value of underlying collateral, where applicable

•The effect of other external factors such as legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the portfolio

•The effect of acquisitions of other loan portfolios on our infrastructure, including risk associated with entering new geographic areas as a result of such acquisitions

•The presence of specialized lending segments in the portfolio

BMRC US Equity

BMRC · 10-K · period ended 2025-12-31

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

BMRC US Equity☆

BMRC · 10-K · period ended 2025-12-31

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

BMRC US Equity