ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
The risks described below are not the only risks facing Rexnord. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or those risks we currently view to be immaterial, may also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 for a further discussion of some of the factors that could affect future results. If any of these risks materialize, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
Strategic Risks
Strategic risk relates to the Company's business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with: competitive threats; the global macro-environment in which we operate; international uncertainties, including increasing tariffs or other trade protection measures as well as trade wars; restructuring initiatives; mergers and acquisitions; protection of intellectual property; and other risks, including customer concentration, reliance on independent distributors and retention of key personnel.
Our business and operations, and the operations of our suppliers, business partners and customers, have been, and are expected to continue to be adversely affected by the recent Coronavirus (or COVID-19) outbreak, and may be adversely affected by future outbreaks of infectious diseases.
We face risks related to the recent outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), which has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization as the disease has spread across the globe to many countries in which we do business and is impacting worldwide economic activity. The full impact of COVID-19 is unknown and rapidly evolving. Health epidemics or outbreaks of communicable diseases such as COVID-19 could result in widespread or localized health crises that could adversely affect general commercial activity and the economies and financial markets of many countries or localities in which we operate, sell, or purchases good and services. A public health epidemic, including COVID-19, poses the risk that we or our employees, contractors, suppliers, customers, transportation providers, and other business partners may be prevented or impaired from conducting ordinary course business activities for an indefinite period of time, either at specific branches or on a broader scale, including due to shutdowns necessitated for the health and well-being of our employees, the employees of our business partners, or shutdowns that may be requested or mandated by governmental authorities. For example, actions taken by various governments and third parties around the world to combat the spread of COVID-19 (including, in some cases, mandatory quarantines and other suspensions of non-essential business operations) have led to disruptions in our manufacturing and distribution operations and supply chains, including temporary reductions or suspensions of operations at certain of our manufacturing and distribution locations around the world. In addition, our suppliers, business partners and customers are also experiencing similar negative impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic.
There can be no assurance that COVID-19 will not impact our business generally as a result of the virus’ potential impact on delays in supply chain, production and/or our customers. While each of our operations has prepared customized business continuity plans to address COVID-19 concerns, in an effort to ensure that we are protecting our employees, continuing to operate our business and service our customers’ needs, and mitigating the potential impacts of COVID-19 or other similar epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases, there is no guarantee that such plans will anticipate or fully mitigate the various impacts the pandemic or epidemic may have, much of which is still entirely uncertain. While it is not possible at this time to estimate the scope and severity of the impact that COVID-19 could have on our operations, the continued spread of COVID-19, the measures taken by the governments of countries affected, actions taken to protect employees, actions taken to shutdown or temporarily discontinue operations in certain locations, and the impact of the pandemic on various business activities in affected countries and the economy generally, could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The extent to which COVID-19, or its broader ramifications, impacts our business will depend on the severity, location and duration of the spread of COVID-19, and the actions undertaken by local and world governments and health officials to contain the virus or treat its effects, and the actions undertaken by the leadership and employees of our Company as well as those of our suppliers, customers and other business partners.
The markets in which we sell our products are highly competitive; an inability to effectively compete may adversely affect our financial conditions and results of operations.
We operate in highly competitive markets in both of our platforms. Some of our competitors have achieved substantially more market penetration in certain of the markets in which we operate. Some of our competitors are larger and may have greater financial and other resources than we do, and our competitors may adopt more aggressive sales policies and devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do, all of which could result in a loss of customers and in turn adversely affect our results of operations.
We operate in highly fragmented markets within the Process & Motion Control platform. As a result, we compete against numerous companies. Competition in our business lines is based on a number of considerations, including product performance, cost of transportation in the distribution of products, brand reputation, quality of client service and support, product availability and price. Additionally, some of our larger customers continue to attempt to reduce the number of vendors
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from which they purchase in order to increase their efficiency. If we are not selected to become one of these preferred providers, we may lose access to certain sections of the markets in which we compete. Our customers increasingly demand a competitively priced broad product range and we must continue to develop our expertise in order to manufacture and market these products successfully. To remain competitive, we will need to invest continuously in manufacturing, customer service and support, marketing and our distribution networks. We cannot assure that we will have sufficient resources to continue to make these investments or that we will maintain our competitive position within each of the markets we serve.
Within the Water Management platform, we compete against both large international and national rivals, as well as many regional competitors. Significant competition in any of the markets in which the Water Management platform operates could result in substantial downward pressure on product pricing and our profit margins, thereby adversely affecting the Water Management platform's financial results. Furthermore, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to maintain or increase the current market share of our products successfully in the future.
We may be unable to realize intended benefits from our ongoing Supply Chain Optimization and Footprint Repositioning initiatives, restructuring and divestiture efforts, and as a result our profitability may be hurt or our business otherwise might be adversely affected.
In order to operate more efficiently, control costs and refine our business focus, we undertake from time to time restructuring plans, which can include global facility consolidations, product rationalizations, workforce reductions and other cost reduction initiatives. We also choose to divest operations that we no longer believe are additive or complementary to our platforms or strategic direction, such as our fiscal 2019 disposition of the VAG business. These plans are intended to reduce operating costs, to modify our footprint to reflect changes in the markets we serve, to reflect changes in business focus, to strengthen focus on our core business and/or to address overall manufacturing overcapacity, including as a result of acquisitions. In addition to our announced Supply Chain Optimization and Footprint Repositioning initiatives, we may undertake further restructuring actions, workforce reductions or divestitures in the future as we evaluate our business in connection with the economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. These types of activities are complex. If we do not successfully manage our current restructuring activities, or any other restructuring activities or divestitures that we may undertake in the future, expected efficiencies, benefits and cost savings might be delayed or not realized, and our operations and business could be disrupted.
In addition, as a result of such actions, we expect to incur restructuring expenses and other charges (including, for example, potential impairment charges related to fixed assets, goodwill and other intangibles), which may be material, and may exceed our estimates. Several factors could cause restructuring or divestiture activities to adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These include potential disruption of our operations, customer relationships and other aspects of our business. Employee morale and productivity could also suffer or result in unwanted employee attrition. These activities require substantial management time and attention and may divert management from other important work or result in a failure to meet operational targets. Divestitures may also give rise to obligations to buyers or other parties that could have a financial effect after the transaction is completed. Moreover, we could encounter changes to, or delays in executing, any restructuring or divestiture plans, any of which could cause further disruption and additional unanticipated expense.
If we are unable to effectively manage risks associated with changing technology, product innovation and new product development, manufacturing techniques, distribution channels and business continuity, we may be at a competitive disadvantage.
The successful implementation of our business strategy requires us to continuously evolve our existing products and introduce new products to meet customers' needs in the industries we serve. Our products are characterized by stringent performance and specification requirements that mandate a high degree of manufacturing and engineering expertise. If we fail to meet these requirements, our business could be at risk. We believe that our customers rigorously evaluate their suppliers on the basis of a number of factors, including product quality, price competitiveness, technical and manufacturing expertise, development and product design capability, new product innovation, reliability and timeliness of delivery, operational flexibility, customer service and overall management. Our success will depend on our ability to continue to meet our customers' changing specifications with respect to these criteria. We cannot ensure that we will be able to address technological advances or introduce new products that may be necessary to remain competitive within our businesses. Further, such new products and technologies may create additional exposure or risk. We cannot ensure that we can adequately protect any of our own technological developments to produce a sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, we may be subject to business continuity risk in the event of an unexpected loss of a material facility or operation. We cannot ensure that we can adequately protect against such a loss.
General economic and financial market weakness, as well as overall challenging market cycles, may adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
Our business operations have been adversely affected from time to time by volatility and weaknesses in the global economy and financial markets. The current economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to adversely
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affect our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, though we are unable to predict the extent of the impact at this time due to the uncertainty regarding the duration and economic impact of the pandemic. Weak, challenging or volatile economic conditions in the end markets, businesses or geographic areas in which we sell our products are expected to reduce demand for products and result in a decrease in sales volume, which would have a negative impact on our future results of operations.
Our financial performance depends, in large part, on conditions in the markets that we serve in the U.S. and the global economy generally. Some of the industries we serve are highly cyclical, such as the aerospace, energy and industrial equipment industries, and some industries are expected to experience greater COVID-19-related impacts than others. We have undertaken cost reduction programs as well as diversified our markets to mitigate the effects of economic downturns; however, such programs may be unsuccessful. Any sustained weakness in demand or downturn or uncertainty in the economy generally, would materially reduce our net sales and profitability.
For example, sales to the construction industry are driven by trends in commercial and residential construction, housing starts and trends in residential repair and remodeling. Consumer confidence, employment rates, weather conditions, mortgage rates, credit standards and availability of consumer credit and income levels play a significant role in driving demand in commercial and residential construction, repair and remodeling sector. A drop or weakness in consumer confidence, prolonged adverse weather conditions, lack of availability or increased cost of credit, credit standards or unemployment could delay a recovery of commercial and residential construction levels and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. This may express itself in substantial downward pressure on product pricing and our profit margins, thereby adversely affecting our financial results.
Additionally, some of our products are used in the energy, mining and cement and aggregates markets. Reductions and volatility in the prices of petroleum-related products and certain other mined raw materials costs have historically adversely affected the energy and mining industries, reducing their capital investments and the demand for certain of our products. Some customers may defer or cancel anticipated expenditures, projects or expansions until such time as these projects will be profitable based on the underlying cost of commodities compared to the cost of the project. Weakness in those markets may also affect pricing of our products that are sold for use in those markets.
Volatility and disruption of financial markets, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could limit the ability of our customers to obtain adequate financing to maintain operations and may cause them to terminate existing purchase orders, reduce the volume of products they purchase from us in the future or impact their ability to pay their receivables. Adverse economic and financial market conditions may also cause our suppliers to be unable to meet their commitments to us or may cause suppliers to make changes in the credit terms they extend to us, such as shortening the required payment period for outstanding accounts receivable or reducing or eliminating the amount of trade credit available to us.
An inability to effectively integrate acquisitions could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Acquisitions are part of our growth strategy. We cannot ensure that we will be able to complete any such acquisition, that we will be able to successfully integrate any acquired business or operations, or that we will be able to accomplish our strategic objectives as a result of any such acquisition. Nor can we ensure that our acquisition strategies will be successfully received by customers or achieve their intended benefits.
Acquisitions are often undertaken to improve the operating results of either or both of the acquirer and the acquired company and we cannot ensure that we will be successful in this regard. We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to fully realize the intended benefits from our acquisitions. We have encountered, and may encounter, various risks in acquiring other companies including the possible inability to integrate an acquired business into our operations, potential failure to realize anticipated benefits, diversion of management's attention, issues in customer transitions, potential inadequacies of indemnities and other contractual remedies and unanticipated problems, risks or liabilities, including environmental, some or all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our international operations are subject to uncertainties, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our business remains subject to certain risks associated with doing business internationally. A significant portion of our sales are international; approximately 29% of our total net sales in fiscal 2020 originated outside of the U.S. Additionally, we have significant manufacturing operations outside of the U.S. Accordingly, our future results could be harmed by a variety of factors relating to global operations, including:
•tariff increases, import duties, trade wars or other retaliatory or trade protection measures instituted by the U.S. or other countries;
•fluctuations in currency exchange rates, particularly fluctuations in the Euro against the U.S. dollar;
•foreign exchange controls;
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•compliance with export controls, import and export licensing requirements, and other trade compliance regulations;
•changes in tax laws;
•interest rates;
•differences in business practices in various countries;
•changes and differences in regulatory requirements in countries in which we operate or make sales;
•differing labor regulations, practices and standards;
•significant natural disasters, terrorist activities, the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, other outbreaks of infectious diseases and other events or factors impacting local economies and/or infrastructure.
•restrictions on our ability to own or operate subsidiaries, make investments, move operations or acquire new businesses in these jurisdictions;
•requirements relating to withholding taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries;
•restrictions under U.S. tax laws and other laws on our ability to repatriate dividends from our foreign subsidiaries; and
•exposure to liabilities under anti-corruption laws in various countries, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 ("FCPA").
As we continue to expand our business globally, our success will depend, in large part, on our ability to anticipate and effectively manage these and other risks associated with our international operations. However, any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our international operations and, consequently, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The loss or financial instability of any significant customer or customers accounting for our backlog could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
A substantial part of our business is concentrated with a few customers, and we have certain customers that are significant to our business. During fiscal 2020, our top 5 customers accounted for approximately 25.8% of our consolidated net sales, our largest customer accounted for less than 10% of consolidated net sales for the year ended March 31, 2020. The loss of one or more of these customers or other major customers, or a deterioration in our relationship with any of them could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our contracted backlog is comprised of future orders for our products from a broad number of customers. Defaults by any of the customers that have placed significant orders with us could have a significant adverse effect on our net sales, profitability and cash flow. Our customers may in the future default on their obligations to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, operational failure or other reasons deriving from the general economic environment or circumstances affecting those customers in particular. We believe that these risks are heightened due to the global economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. If a customer defaults on its obligations to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our backlog, business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. As of March 31, 2020, approximately 11% of our backlog was scheduled to ship beyond March 31, 2021.
We rely on independent distributors. Termination of one or more of our relationships with any of our key independent distributors or an increase in the distributors’ sales of our competitors’ products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition to our own direct sales force, we depend on the services of independent distributors to sell our Process & Motion Control products and provide service and aftermarket support to our OEMs and end users. We rely on an extensive distribution network, with nearly 2,600 distributor locations nationwide; however, for fiscal 2020, approximately 20% of our Process & Motion Control net sales were generated through sales to three of our key independent distributors, the largest of which accounted for 13% of Process & Motion Control net sales. Within Water Management, we depend on 1,200 independent sales representatives and approximately 60 third-party warehouses to distribute our products; however, for fiscal 2020, our three key independent distributors generated approximately 40% of our Water Management net sales with the largest accounting for 25% of Water Management net sales.
The loss of one of our key distributors or of a substantial number of our other distributors or an increase in the distributors' sales of our competitors' products to our customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The inability to adequately protect intellectual property, or defend against infringement claims brought against us, could adversely affect our business.
We attempt to protect our intellectual property through a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection, as well as third-party nondisclosure and assignment agreements. We cannot assure that any of our applications for protection of our intellectual property rights will be approved and maintained or that our competitors will not infringe or
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successfully challenge our intellectual property rights. We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. It is possible that others will independently develop the same or similar technology or otherwise obtain access to our unpatented technology. To protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information, we require employees, consultants and advisors to enter into confidentiality agreements. We cannot assure that these agreements will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure. If we are unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our technologies, our ability to sustain margins on some or all of our products may be affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition, in the ordinary course of our operations, from time to time we pursue and are pursued in potential litigation relating to the protection of certain intellectual property rights, including some of our more profitable products. An adverse ruling or other unfavorable outcome in any such litigation could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Terrorism, conflicts, wars and weather events may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
As a global company with a large international footprint, we are subject to increased risk of damage or disruption to us, our employees, facilities, partners, suppliers, distributors, resellers or customers due to acts of terrorism, political conflicts, wars and weather events, in multiple locations around the world. In addition to the issues created by significant weather events, the potential for future attacks, the national and international responses to attacks or perceived threats to national security, and other actual or potential actions, conflicts or wars have created, and will continue to create, economic and political uncertainties. In addition, as a global company with headquarters and significant operations located in the U.S., actions against or by the U.S. may particularly impact our business or employees. Although it is impossible to predict the occurrences or consequences of any such events, they could result in disruptions to our operations, decreases in demand for our products, difficulty or impossibility in delivering products to our customers or receiving components from our suppliers, delays and inefficiencies in our supply chain and risks to our employees, resulting in, among other things, temporarily closed facilities, travel restrictions or longer-term disruptions, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Operational Risks
Operational risk relates to risks arising from innovation, systems, processes, and external or internal events that affect the operation of our businesses. It includes product life cycle and execution; information management and data protection and security, including cyber security; supply chain and business disruption; and other risks, including human resources and employee relations.
Increases in the cost or availability of raw materials, including as a result of tariffs or other trade protection measures, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our manufacturing processes depend on third parties for raw materials, in particular bar steel, brass, castings, copper, forgings, high-performance engineered plastic, plate steel, resin, sheet steel and zinc, as well as petroleum and other carbon-based fuel products. While we strive to maintain alternative sources for most raw materials, our business is subject to the risk of price fluctuations, including as a result of, or in reaction to, tariffs, import duties, or other trade protection measures instituted by the U.S. or other countries, inefficiencies in the event of a need to change our suppliers, and delays in the delivery of and potential unavailability of our raw materials. Also, trade wars could impact the cost or availability of goods or materials, both imported and domestic, or adversely affect demand for our products. Any such price fluctuations or delays, if material, could harm our profitability or operations. In addition, the loss of a substantial number of suppliers could result in material cost increases or reduce our production capacity.
We do not typically enter into hedge transactions to reduce our exposure to purchase price risks and cannot ensure that we would be successful in recouping these increases if these risks were to materialize. In addition, if we are unable to continue to purchase our required quantities of raw materials on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or if we are unable to maintain or enter into our purchasing contracts for our larger commodities, our business operations could be disrupted and our profitability could be impacted in a material adverse manner.
The ongoing updates to our Enterprise Resource Planning ("ERP") systems, as well as failures of our data security and information technology infrastructure and cyber security, could cause substantial business interruptions and/or adversely affect our business.
Utilizing a phased approach, we continue to update our ERP systems across both our Process & Motion Control and Water Management platforms. If these updates are unsuccessful, we could incur substantial business interruptions, including the
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inability to perform routine business transactions, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance. Further, these updates may not result in the benefits we intend or be implemented on a timely basis.
In addition, we depend heavily on information technology infrastructure to manage our business objectives and operations, including our DiRXN digital productivity platform, support our customers’ requirements and protect sensitive information. There have been significant and increasing instances of data and security breaches, malicious interference with technology systems and industrial espionage involving companies in numerous industries, including cloud providers, and cyber security threats are becoming more complex. Like other companies, we have experienced these types of threats; however, to date, we have not experienced a material threat or incident. In addition, we currently have a large percentage of our workforce working remotely due to governmental order related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may heighten these risks. While we have taken steps to maintain and enhance adequate cyber security and address these risks and uncertainties by implementing additional security technologies, internal controls, network and data center resiliency, redundancy and recovery processes and by obtaining insurance coverage, these measures may be inadequate. As a result, any inability by us to successfully manage our information systems, or respond effectively to any attack on or interference with our systems, including matters related to system and data security, privacy, reliability, compliance, performance and access, problems related to our systems caused by natural disasters, security breaches or malicious attacks, and any inability of these systems to fulfill their intended business purpose, could impede our ability to record or process orders, manufacture and ship in a timely manner, account for and collect receivables, protect sensitive data of the Company, our customers, our employees, our suppliers and other business partners, comply with our third party obligations of confidentiality and care, or otherwise carry on business in the normal course. Any such events could require significant costly remediation beyond levels covered by insurance and could cause us to lose customers and/or revenue, require us to incur significant expense to remediate, including as a result of legal or regulatory claims or proceedings, or damage our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
We are also subject to an increasing number of evolving data privacy and security laws and regulations that impose requirements on us. We collect, store, access and otherwise process certain confidential or sensitive data, including proprietary business information, personal data or other information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations and/or customer-imposed controls. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could result in the imposition of fines, penalties and other costs. For example, the European Union’s implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation in 2018, the European Union’s pending ePrivacy Regulation and California’s implementation of its Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 and Connected Device Privacy Act of 2018 all could disrupt our ability to sell products or use and transfer data because such activities may not be in compliance with applicable law in certain jurisdictions.
Our inability to attract and retain key personnel may adversely affect our business.
Our success depends on our ability to recruit, retain and develop highly-skilled management and key personnel. Competition for these individuals in our industry is intense and we may not be able to successfully recruit, train or retain qualified personnel, or to effectively implement successions to existing personnel. If we fail to retain and recruit the necessary personnel or arrange for successors to key personnel, our business could materially suffer.
Weather could adversely affect the demand for products in our Water Management platform and decrease our net sales.
Demand for our Water Management products is primarily driven by commercial construction activity, remodeling and retrofit opportunities, and to a lesser extent, new home starts. Weather is an important variable affecting financial performance as it significantly impacts construction activity. Adverse weather conditions, such as prolonged periods of cold or rain, blizzards, hurricanes and other severe weather patterns, could delay or halt construction and remodeling activity, which could have a negative effect on our business. For example, an unusually severe winter can lead to reduced construction activity and magnify the seasonal decline in our Water Management net sales and earnings during the winter months. In addition, a prolonged winter season can delay construction and remodeling plans and hamper the typical seasonal increase in net sales and earnings during the spring months.
Disruptions caused by labor disputes or organized labor activities could adversely affect our business or financial results.
As of March 31, 2020, we had approximately 6,800 employees. Our primary risk resides with approximately 1,200 of our employees that reside in Europe, where trade union membership is common. Although we believe that our relations with our employees are strong, if our unionized workers were to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown in the future, we could experience a significant disruption of our operations, which could interfere with our ability to deliver products on a timely basis and could have other negative effects, such as decreased productivity and increased labor costs. In addition, if a greater percentage of our workforce becomes unionized as a result of legal or regulatory changes which may make union organizing easier, or otherwise, our costs could increase and our efficiency be affected in a material adverse manner, negatively impacting our business and financial results. Further, many of our direct and indirect customers and their suppliers, and organizations responsible for shipping our products, have unionized workforces and their businesses may be impacted by
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strikes, work stoppages or slowdowns, any of which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Financial Risks
Financial risk relates to our ability to meet our financial obligations. It includes our highly leveraged capital structure, compliance with covenants related to our credit agreement and our 4.875% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "Notes"), limits on access to liquidity and restrictive credit-related agreements.
Our debt levels could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, inhibit us from making beneficial acquisitions, adversely impact our ability to implement our capital allocation strategy and prevent us from making debt service payments.
Although we reduced our long-term debt in recent years, we are still a highly leveraged company. Our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to make scheduled payments on our debt will depend on a range of economic, competitive and business factors, many of which are outside our control. Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meet our debt service and other obligations, and currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements may not be realized on schedule, or at all. If we are unable to meet our expenses and debt service and other obligations, we may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity, sell assets or raise equity. We may not be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, sell assets or raise equity on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could cause us to default on our obligations and impair our liquidity. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our substantial indebtedness could also have other important consequences with respect to our ability to manage and grow our business successfully, including the following:
•it may limit our ability to borrow money for our working capital, capital expenditures, strategic initiatives, acquisitions or other purposes;
•it may make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness, and any failure to comply with the obligations of any of our debt instruments, including restrictive covenants and borrowing conditions, could result in an event of default under our credit agreement, the indenture governing our Notes (the "Indenture") and our other indebtedness;
•a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations will be dedicated to the repayment of our indebtedness and so will not be available for other purposes;
•it may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our operations or business, or in taking advantage of strategic opportunities;
•we are and will continue to be more highly leveraged than some of our competitors, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage;
•it may make us more vulnerable to downturns in our business or the economy;
•it may restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or divestitures, introducing new technologies or exploiting business opportunities; and
•along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in the documents governing our indebtedness, among other things, may limit our ability to borrow additional funds, make acquisitions or capital expenditures, acquire or dispose of assets or take certain of the actions mentioned above, or adversely impact our ability to implement our capital allocation strategy (which includes paying dividends on our common stock), any of which could restrict our operations and business plans.
Furthermore, a substantial portion of our indebtedness, including the senior secured credit facilities and borrowings outstanding under our accounts receivable securitization facility, bears interest at rates that fluctuate with changes in certain short-term prevailing interest rates, including the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"). In addition, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced that after 2021 it would no longer persuade or compel panel banks to submit the rates required to calculate LIBOR, and it is unclear whether the banks currently reporting information used to set LIBOR will stop doing so after 2021. Although the consequences of these developments cannot be predicted at this time, should LIBOR or an alternative index no longer be available, the rates under our variable rate indebtedness could increase and access to capital could be limited. During fiscal 2020, the agreement governing our senior security credit facility was amended to provide that if LIBOR becomes unavailable, we would work with our banks to establish an alternate rate of interest that gives due consideration to the then-prevailing market convention for determining interest rates for syndicated loans in the United States. See Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk for additional information on our debt that is subject to the LIBOR rate.
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Also, in spite of the limitations in our credit agreement and/or the Indenture, we may still incur significantly more debt, which could intensify the risks described above on our business, results and financial condition. For more information about our indebtedness, see Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt.
The agreements governing our financing arrangements impose certain operating and financial restrictions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our credit agreement and the Indenture contain various covenants that limit or prohibit our ability (subject to certain exceptions), among other things, to:
•incur or guarantee additional indebtedness;
•pay dividends on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase, retire or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or subordinated indebtedness or make other restricted payments;
•make certain loans, acquisitions, capital expenditures or investments;
•sell certain assets, including stock of our subsidiaries;
•enter into sale and leaseback transactions;
•create or incur liens;
•consolidate, merge, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and
•enter into certain transactions with our affiliates.
These agreements contain covenants that restrict our ability to take certain actions, such as incurring additional debt, if we are unable to meet defined specified financial ratios, which could result in limiting our long-term growth prospects by hindering our ability to incur future indebtedness or grow through acquisitions. Failure to comply with certain covenants in these agreements could result in a default. For more information, see Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.
The restrictions contained in the credit agreement and/or the Indenture could:
•limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions or meet capital needs or otherwise restrict our activities or business plans;
•restrict our ability to repurchase shares of our common stock and/or adversely impact our ability to implement capital allocation strategy;
•adversely affect our ability to finance our operations, to enter into strategic acquisitions, to fund investments or other capital needs or to engage in other business activities that would be in our interest; and
•limit our access to the cash generated by our subsidiaries.
Upon the occurrence of an event of default under the credit agreement and/or the Indenture, the lenders or the noteholders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under the senior secured credit facilities and/or the Notes to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure the senior secured credit facilities on a first- priority lien basis. If the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities or the noteholders accelerate the repayment of borrowings, such acceleration could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. For a more detailed description of the limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, see Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources.
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Our goodwill and intangible assets are valued at an amount that is high relative to our total assets and in excess of our stockholders equity.
As of March 31, 2020, our goodwill and intangible assets totaled $1,321.9 million and $514.2 million, respectively, and represent a substantial portion of our assets. These assets result from our acquisitions, representing the excess of cost over the fair value of the tangible net assets we have acquired. We assess at least annually whether there has been impairment in the value of our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Significant negative industry or economic trends, disruptions to our business, inability to effectively integrate acquired businesses, unexpected significant changes or planned changes to the use of our assets, changes in the structure of our business, divestitures, market capitalization declines, or increases in associated discount rates may impair our goodwill and other intangible assets. Any determination requiring the impairment of goodwill or intangible assets would negatively affect our results of operations, particularly in the period in which we take any related charges, and financial condition.
Our required cash contributions to our pension plans may increase further and we could experience a material change in the funded status of our defined benefit pension plans and the amount recorded in our consolidated balance sheets related to those plans. Additionally, our pension costs could increase in future years.
The funded status of the defined benefit pension plans depends on such factors as asset returns, market interest rates, legislative changes and funding regulations. If the returns on the assets of any of our plans were to decline in future periods, if market interest rates were to decline, if the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC") were to require additional contributions to any such plans as a result of acquisitions or if other actuarial assumptions were to be modified, our future required cash contributions and pension costs to such plans could increase. Any such increases could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The need to make contributions, which may be substantial, to such plans may reduce the cash available to meet our other obligations, including our obligations under our borrowing arrangements or to meet the needs of our business. In addition, the PBGC may terminate our U.S. defined benefit pension plans under limited circumstances, including in the event the PBGC concludes that the risk may increase unreasonably if such plans continue. In the event a U.S. defined benefit pension plan is terminated for any reason while it is underfunded, we could be required to make an immediate payment to the PBGC of all or a substantial portion of such plan's underfunding, as calculated by the PBGC based on its own assumptions (which might result in a larger obligation than that based on the assumptions we have used to fund such plan), and the PBGC could place a lien on material amounts of our assets.
Legal and Compliance Risks
Legal and compliance risk relates to risks arising from conformity with external policies and procedures, government and regulatory compliance, and ongoing environment and legal proceedings. These include customer driven policies, government and regulatory requirements and environmental health and safety litigation. These types of risks may impose additional cost on us or cause us to have to change our business models or practices.
Our failure to comply with government regulations and requirements, third-party certification requirements and policies and standards driven by our customers or other constituencies, including those related to social responsibility, could adversely affect our reputation, business and results of operations.
In addition to complying with laws and applicable government regulations and requirements, prevailing industry standards, competitive pressures and/or our customers may require us to comply with further quality, social responsibility, or other business policies or standards, before customers and prospective customers commence, or continue, doing business with us. These expectations, policies and standards may be more restrictive than current laws and regulations as well as our own pre-existing policies; they may be customer-driven, established by the industry sectors in which we operate or imposed by third-party organizations or other constituencies.
Our compliance with these policies, standards and third party certification requirements could be costly and could in some cases require us to change the way in which we operate. In addition, if we fail to comply, or if our compliance increases our costs and/or restricts our ability to do business as compared to our competitors that do not adhere to such standards, we could experience an adverse effect on our customer relationships, reputation, operations, cost structure and/or profitability.
We are subject to changes in legislative, regulatory and legal developments involving taxes.
We are subject to U.S. federal and state, and other countries' and jurisdictions', income, payroll, property, sales and use, value added, fuel and other types of taxes. Changes in tax rates, enactment of new tax laws, revisions of tax regulations, and claims or litigation with taxing authorities may require significant judgment in determining the appropriate provision and related accruals for these taxes; and as a result, such changes could result in substantially higher taxes and, therefore, could have a significant adverse effect on our results or operations, financial conditions and liquidity.
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Currently, a significant amount of our revenue is generated from customers located outside of the United States, and a large portion of our assets and employees are located outside of the U.S. The U.S., the EU and member states along with numerous other countries have recently engaged in (and many continue to engage in) establishing fundamental changes to tax laws affecting the taxation of multinational corporations. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("U.S. Tax Reform"). U.S. Tax Reform incorporated broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code and there have been some initial regulatory and administrative developments with respect to U.S. Tax Reform; however, we expect to continue to see future regulatory, administrative or legislative guidance in this area. The full extent of the impact remains uncertain at this time, and our current interpretations of, and assumptions regarding, U.S. Tax Reform are subject to additional regulatory or administrative developments, including any additional regulations or other guidance promulgated by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). As a result, U.S. Tax Reform, including any regulations or other guidance promulgated by the IRS, and other tax laws or developments in the U.S. or other countries could have significant effects on us, some of which may be adverse and could materially and adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, and have a negative impact on our ability to compete in the global marketplace.
We may incur significant costs for environmental compliance and/or to address liabilities under environmental laws and regulations, and our reputation may be adversely affected.
Our operations and facilities worldwide are subject to extensive laws and regulations related to pollution and the protection of the environment, health and safety, including those governing, among other things, emissions to air, discharges to water, the generation, handling, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes and other materials, and the remediation of contaminated sites. A failure by us to comply with applicable requirements or the permits required for our operations could result in civil or criminal fines, penalties, enforcement actions, third-party claims for property damage and personal injury, requirements to clean up property or to pay for the costs of cleanup or regulatory or judicial orders enjoining or curtailing operations or requiring corrective measures, including the installation of pollution control equipment or remedial actions, as well as cause damage to our reputation.
Some environmental laws and regulations impose requirements to investigate and remediate contamination on present and former owners and operators of facilities and sites, and on potentially responsible parties ("PRPs") for sites to which such parties may have sent waste for disposal. Such liability can be imposed without regard to fault and, under certain circumstances, may be joint and several, resulting in one PRP being held responsible for the entire obligation. Liability may also include damages to natural resources. On occasion we are involved in such investigations and/or cleanup, and also have been or could be named as a PRP in environmental matters.
The discovery of additional contamination, including at acquired facilities, the imposition of more stringent environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including cleanup requirements, disputes with our insurers or the insolvency of other responsible parties could require us to incur significant capital expenditures or operating costs materially in excess of our accruals. Future investigations we undertake may lead to discoveries of contamination that must be remediated, and decisions to close facilities may trigger remediation requirements that are not currently applicable. We may also face liability for alleged personal injury or property damage due to exposure to hazardous substances used or disposed of by us, contained within our current or former products, or present in the soil or groundwater at our current or former facilities. We could incur significant costs in connection with such liabilities. See Item 8, Note 18, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.
Certain subsidiaries are subject to litigation, including numerous asbestos and product liability claims, which could adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Certain subsidiaries are co-defendants in various lawsuits in a number of U.S. jurisdictions alleging personal injury as a result of exposure to asbestos that was used in certain components of our products. The uncertainties of litigation and the uncertainties related to insurance and indemnification coverage make it difficult to accurately predict the ultimate financial effect of these claims. If our insurance or indemnification coverage is not adequate to cover our potential financial exposure, our insurers dispute their obligations to provider coverage or the actual number or value of asbestos-related claims differs materially from our existing estimates, we could incur material costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
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In addition, we may be subject to product liability claims if the use of our products, or the exposure to our products or their raw materials, is alleged to have resulted in injury or other adverse effects. We currently maintain product liability insurance coverage but we cannot assure that we will be able to obtain such insurance on commercially reasonable terms in the future, if at all, or that any such insurance will provide adequate coverage against claims. Product liability claims can be expensive to defend and can divert the attention of management and other personnel for long periods of time, regardless of the ultimate outcome. In addition, our business depends on the strong brand reputation we have developed; if this reputation is damaged as a result of a product liability claim, it may be difficult to maintain our pricing positions and market share with respect to our products. Therefore, an unsuccessful product liability defense could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. See Item 8, Note 18, Commitments and Contingencies for additional details.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
None.
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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
Within Process & Motion Control, as of March 31, 2020, we had 46 principal manufacturing, warehouse and repair facilities as set forth below:
Total Square Feet
Location Number of Facilities Owned Leased
Within Water Management, as of March 31, 2020, we had 17 principal manufacturing and warehouse facilities as set forth below:
Total Square Feet
Location Number of Facilities Owned Leased
We believe our Process & Motion Control and Water Management properties are suitable for their respective operations and provide sufficient capacity for our current and future anticipated needs.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
Information with respect to our legal proceedings is contained in Item 8, Note 18, Commitments and Contingencies.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
* * *
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Information about our Executive Officers
The following table sets forth information concerning our executive officers as of the date of this report:
Name Age Position(s) In Current Position(s) since
Todd A. Adams 49 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director 2009
Mark W. Peterson 48 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 2011
Sudhanshu Chhabra 54 Vice President - Rexnord Business Systems 2018
George J. Powers 53 Chief Human Resources Officer 2015
Michael D. Troutman 53 Chief Information Officer 2007
Craig G. Wehr 55 Group Executive, President - Zurn 2013
Patricia M. Whaley 61 Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 2002
Information about the business experience of our executive officers during at least the past five fiscal years is as follows:
Todd A. Adams became our President and Chief Executive Officer in 2009. Mr. Adams joined us in 2004 as Vice President, Treasurer and Controller; he has also served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and as President of the Water Management platform.
Mark W. Peterson became our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in 2011. Mr. Peterson previously served as Vice President and Controller of Rexnord and as a Rexnord Divisional CFO. Mr. Peterson is a certified public accountant.
Sudhanshu Chhabra became Vice President – Rexnord Business Systems in 2018.Mr. Chhabra was Rexnord's President - Consumer Goods and Regional Executive - India from 2016 to 2018 after having joined Rexnord in 2014 as President & Regional Executive for India and the Middle East. Prior to joining Rexnord, Mr. Chhabra served in various positions with Danaher Corporation, a diversified manufacturer, most recently as President – Asia, Gilbarco Veeder-Root Inc. and as Managing Director – India, Gilbarco Veeder-Root Inc.
Rodney Jackson became Senior Vice President – Business & Corporate Development in 2014. Prior to joining Rexnord, Mr. Jackson was a member of Danaher Corporation’s Corporate Development team, most recently as Vice President of Corporate Development and M&A lead for its product identification and motion platforms. Prior to joining Danaher, Mr. Jackson served in various roles of increasing responsibility with Pentair and worked in investment banking at Goldman Sachs.
George J. Powers became our Chief Human Resources Officer in 2015. Prior to joining Rexnord, Mr. Powers served in various positions with Schneider Electric, a global energy management company, since 1993, most recently as Senior Vice President, Human Resources – Global Solutions Division, from 2013 to 2015.
Michael D. Troutman became Rexnord's Chief Information Officer at Rexnord in 2007 and an executive officer in 2017. Before joining Rexnord, he was with AT&T, Lucent, and Agere Systems in various senior information technology positions implementing global industry leading solutions and processes.
Craig G. Wehr became President of our Zurn Group in 2013. Mr. Wehr previously served in various positions with Zurn Industries LLC since 1993, including as Vice President / General Manager of Zurn Specification Drain Operations.
Patricia M. Whaley became our Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary in 2002. Ms. Whaley previously served in various legal positions of increasing responsibility with Rexnord and its prior parent corporations, including as Division Senior Counsel for the Automation Systems Division of Invensys plc and corporate counsel for BTR Inc.
Kevin J. Zaba became President of our Process & Motion Control Platform in 2016. He also served as the President of our Power Transmission Group from 2014 to 2016. Prior to joining Rexnord, Mr. Zaba served in various positions with Rockwell Automation, Inc., a leader in industrial automation and information, most recently as Vice President – Solutions, Services & Sales and as Vice President / General Manager – Control & Visualization Products Business.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbol "RXN." As of May 8, 2020, there was 1 holder of record of our common stock. We believe the number of beneficial owners of our common stock exceeds 1,000.
Dividend Policy
On January 27, 2020, our Board of Directors declared an initial quarterly cash dividend on our common stock of $0.08 per share that was paid on March 6, 2020, to stockholders of record as of February 21, 2020, which represented the first dividend on common stock that we have paid since our 2012 initial public offering and the only dividend on our common stock declared or paid during fiscal 2020. The decision whether to pay future dividends will be made by our Board of Directors in light of conditions then existing, including factors such as our results of operations, financial condition and requirements, business conditions and covenants under any applicable borrowing agreements and other contractual arrangements.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
During fiscal 2015, our Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program (the "Repurchase Program") authorizing the repurchase of up to $200.0 million of our common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. On January 27, 2020, our Board of Directors approved increasing the remaining share repurchase authority under the Repurchase Program to $300.0 million. The Repurchase Program does not require us to acquire any particular amount of common stock and does not specify the timing of purchases or the prices to be paid; however, the program will continue until the maximum amount of dollars authorized have been expended or until it is modified or terminated by the Board. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we repurchased 3.0 million shares of common stock at a total cost of $80.7 million at a weighted average price of $27.22 per share. The repurchased shares were canceled upon receipt. A total of approximately $223.0 million of repurchase authority remained under the Repurchase Program at March 31, 2020. On April 8, 2020, we announced the temporary suspension of share repurchases as a result of the uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
(1) See explanation of the Repurchase Program above.
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Performance Graph
Set forth below is a line graph comparing the cumulative total shareholder return of our common stock with the Standard & Poor's (the "S&P") 500 Index and the S&P 1500 Industrials Index for the five-year period ended March 31, 2020. The graph assumes the value of the investment in our common stock and each index was $100 on March 31, 2015 and that all dividends were reinvested. The shareholder return shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future performance and the indices included do not necessarily reflect management's opinion that such indices are an appropriate measure of the relative performance of Rexnord's stock.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
The following table of selected historical financial information is based on our consolidated financial statements, including those included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This data should be read in conjunction with Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. The Statements of Operations, Other Data and Balance Sheet Data are derived from our audited financial statements. Fiscal years prior to and including fiscal year 2020 ended on March 31 of the corresponding calendar year. For example, our fiscal year 2020, or fiscal 2020, means the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020. Following the end of fiscal 2020, we are transitioning to a December 31 fiscal year-end date. The nine-month period from April 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, will serve as a transition period, and we will provide one-time, nine-month transitional financial statements in a transition report on Form 10-K to be filed in 2021.
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Statements of Operations:
Non-operating (expense) income:
Gain (loss) on the extinguishment of debt (5) 1.0 4.3 (11.9) (7.8) —
Other (expense) income, net (6) (3.8) (1.6) 4.4 (2.4) 8.4
Equity method investment income — 3.6 — — —
Non-controlling interest income 0.3 — 0.1 — —
Dividends on preferred stock (14.4) (23.2) (23.2) (7.3) —
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to Rexnord common stockholders:
Diluted income (loss) per share attributable to Rexnord common stockholders:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (in thousands):
Other Data:
Net cash provided by (used for):
Common stock dividend per share $ 0.08 — — — —
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Balance Sheet Data:
_______________________
(1)Consolidated financial data as of and for the year ended March 31, 2020, reflects the acquisitions of Stainlessdrains.com, subsequent to May 10, 2019, and Just Manufacturing subsequent to January 28, 2020. As a result, the comparability of the operating results for the period presented is affected by the acquired operations as well as the revaluation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed on the respective dates of the acquisitions.
(2)Consolidated financial data as of and for the year ended March 31, 2019, reflects the acquisition of an additional 47.5% interest in Centa China, a joint venture in which we previously maintained a 47.5% non-controlling interest, subsequent to January 23, 2019. Prior to this transaction, we accounted for our non-controlling interest in Centa China as an equity method investment. As a result, the comparability of the operating results for the period presented is affected by the acquired operations as well as the revaluation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed on the date of the acquisition.
(3)Consolidated financial data as of and for the year ended March 31, 2018, reflects the acquisition of World Dryer subsequent to October 4, 2017, and Centa subsequent to February 9, 2018. As a result, the comparability of the operating results for the period presented is affected by the acquired operations as well as the revaluation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed on the respective dates of the acquisitions.
(4)Consolidated financial data as of and for the year ended March 31, 2017, reflects the acquisition of Cambridge subsequent to June 1, 2016. As a result, the comparability of the operating results for the period presented is affected by the acquired operations as well as the revaluation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed on the date of the acquisition.
(5)During fiscal 2020, we recognized a $1.0 million gain on the extinguishment of debt, consisting of a $3.2 million gain in connection with the forgiveness of the remaining net debt associated with the New Market Tax Credit program, partially offset by a $2.2 million loss in connection with the fiscal 2020 refinancing of our term loan and a $100.0 million voluntary prepayment made on our term loan. During fiscal 2019, we recognized a non-cash gain on the extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million in connection with the forgiveness of the net debt associated with the New Market Tax Credit program. This gain was partially offset by the recognition of $0.7 million of accelerated amortization of debt issuance costs in connection with a $75.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan during fiscal 2019. During fiscal 2018, we recognized a $11.9 million loss on debt extinguishment associated with the fiscal 2018 amendment to our credit agreement, which was comprised of $3.9 million of refinancing-related costs, as well as a non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with a fiscal 2017 term loan of $8.0 million. During fiscal 2017, we recognized a $7.8 million loss on debt extinguishment associated with a fiscal 2017 term loan refinancing, which was comprised of $5.4 million of refinancing-related costs, as well as a non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the prior term loan of $2.4 million. Refer to Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt for additional information on debt.
(6)Other (expense) income, net for the periods indicated, consists primarily of gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit credits associated with our defined benefit plans. See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8, Note 16, Retirement Benefits for additional information.
(7)Fiscal 2018 included a net income tax benefit associated with the remeasurement of the Company's net U.S. deferred tax liability as a result of U.S. Tax Reform. Refer to Item 8, Note 17, Income Taxes for additional information.
(8)In fiscal 2019, we completed the sale of the VAG business within our Water Management platform. Accordingly, the results of the VAG business have been reported as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. Refer to Item 8, Note 4, Discontinued Operations for additional information. In fiscal 2015, we discontinued the Mill Products business within our PMC platform. Accordingly, the results of its operations have been reported as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
(9)Amount reflects continuing operations.
(10)Working capital represents total current assets less total current liabilities.
(11)Total debt represents long-term debt, net of an unamortized debt issuance costs, plus the current portion of long-term debt and finance lease liabilities.
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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion of results of operations and financial condition includes periods prior to the acquisitions of World Dryer Corporation ("World Dryer"), Centa Power Transmission (Centa Antriebe Kirschey GmbH) ("Centa"), Centa MP (Hong Kong) Co., Limited ("Centa China") and the assets of East Creek Corporation ("StainlessDrains.com") and Just Manufacturing Company ("Just Manufacturing"). Our financial performance includes World Dryer subsequent to October 4, 2017, Centa subsequent to February 9, 2018, Centa China subsequent to January 23, 2019, the Stainlessdrains.com business subsequent to May 10, 2019, and the Just Manufacturing business subsequent to January 28, 2020, the respective dates of their acquisitions. Accordingly, the discussion and analysis does not reflect the impact of World Dryer, Centa, Centa China, Stainlessdrains.com or Just Manufacturing transactions prior to the respective closing dates.
We completed the sale of our VAG business on November 26, 2018, and, accordingly, the results of operations and financial condition associated with the VAG bushiness have been reclassified to discontinued operations for all periods presented. As a result, the following discussion of results of operations and financial condition excludes the VAG business from our Water Management platform.
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations together with Item 6, Selected Financial Data and Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. Fiscal years prior to and including fiscal year 2020 ended on March 31 of each calendar year. For example, our fiscal year 2020, or fiscal 2020, means the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020. Following the end of fiscal 2020, we are transitioning to a December 31 fiscal year-end date. The nine-month period from April 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, will serve as a transition period, and we will provide one-time, nine-month transitional financial statements in a transition report on Form 10-K to be filed in 2021. Our fiscal year 2021 will commence on January 1, 2021.
This discussion contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in the "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this report. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. See also "Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" found elsewhere in this report.
The information contained in this section is provided as a supplement to the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K to help provide an understanding of our financial condition, changes in our financial condition and results of our operations. This section is organized as follows:
Company Overview. This section provides a general description of our business.
Financial Statement Presentation. This section provides a brief description of certain items and accounting policies that appear in our financial statements and general factors that impact these items.
Critical Accounting Estimates. This section discusses the accounting policies and estimates that we consider to be important to our financial condition and results of operations and that require significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in their application.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements. This section cites to the discussion of new or revised accounting pronouncements and standards in Item 8, Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies of the consolidated financial statements.
Overview of Recent Developments. This section provides a description of the recent events impacting the our results of operations.
Results of Operations. This section provides an analysis of our results of operations for our fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, in each case as compared to the prior period's performance.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures. This section provides an explanation of certain financial measures we use that are not in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
Covenant Compliance. This section provides a description of certain restrictive covenants with which our credit agreement requires us to comply.
Liquidity and Capital Resources. This section provides an analysis of our cash flows for our fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, as well as a discussion of our indebtedness and its potential effects on our liquidity.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations. This section provides a discussion of our commitments as of March 31, 2020.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. This section discusses our exposure to potential losses arising from adverse changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
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Company Overview
We are a growth-oriented, multi-platform industrial company with what we believe are leading market shares and highly-trusted brands that serve a diverse array of global end markets. Currently, our business is comprised of two platforms, Process & Motion Control and Water Management. Our heritage of innovation and specification have allowed us to provide highly-engineered, mission-critical solutions to customers for decades and affords us the privilege of having long-term, valued relationships with market leaders. We operate our Company in a disciplined way and the Rexnord Business System ("RBS") is our operating philosophy. Grounded in the spirit of continuous improvement, RBS creates a scalable, process-based framework that focuses on driving superior customer satisfaction and financial results by targeting world-class operating performance throughout all aspects of our business.
Our strategy is to build the Company around global strategic platforms that participate in end markets with sustainable growth characteristics where we are, or have the opportunity to become, the industry leader. We have a track record of acquiring and integrating companies and expect to continue to pursue strategic acquisitions within our existing platforms that will expand our geographic presence, broaden our product lines, and allow us to move into adjacent markets. Over time, we may add strategic platforms to our Company.
Refer to Item 1, Business for additional information.
Financial Statement Presentation
The following paragraphs provide a brief description of certain items and accounting policies that appear in our financial statements and general factors that impact these items.
Net Sales. Net sales represent gross sales less deductions taken for sales returns and allowances and incentive rebate programs.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales includes all costs of manufacturing required to bring a product to a ready for sale condition. Such costs include direct and indirect materials, direct and indirect labor costs, including fringe benefits, supplies, utilities, depreciation, freight and shipping, insurance, pension and postretirement benefits, information technology costs and other manufacturing related costs.
The largest component of our cost of sales is cost of materials, which represented approximately 34% of net sales in fiscal 2020. The principal materials used in our Process & Motion Control manufacturing processes, which are available from numerous sources, include sheet, plate and bar steel, castings, forgings, high-performance engineered plastics and a wide variety of other components. Within Water Management, we purchase a broad range of materials and components throughout the world in connection with our manufacturing activities. Major raw materials and components include bar steel, brass, castings, copper, forgings, high-performance engineered plastic, plate steel, resin, sheet plastic and zinc. We have a strategic sourcing program to significantly reduce the number of direct and indirect suppliers we use and to lower the cost of purchased materials.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, General and Administrative expenses primarily includes sales and marketing, finance and administration, engineering and technical services and warehousing. Our major cost elements include salary and wages, fringe benefits, insurance, depreciation, advertising, travel and information technology costs.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our critical accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an on-going basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our experience and assumptions form the basis for our judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may vary from what we anticipate and different assumptions or estimates about the future could change our reported results. Within the context of these critical accounting policies, we are not currently aware of any reasonably likely event that would result in materially different amounts being reported.
In addition to the accounting policies disclosed in Item 8, Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements, we believe the following accounting policies are the most critical to us in that they are important to our financial statements and they require difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
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Revenue recognition. Effective April 1, 2018, the beginning of fiscal 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), under the modified retrospective transition approach. Under ASC 606, a performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied. For the majority of our product sales, revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when control of the product is transferred to the customer, which generally occurs when the product is shipped from our manufacturing facility to the customer. When contracts include multiple products to be delivered to the customer, generally each product is separately priced and is determined to be distinct within the context of the contract. Other than a standard assurance-type warranty that the product will conform to agreed-upon specifications, there are generally no other significant post-shipment obligations. The expected costs associated with standard warranties continues to be recognized as an expense when the products are sold.
When the contract provides the customer the right to return eligible products or when the customer is part of a sales rebate program, we reduce revenue at the point of sale using current facts and historical experience by using an estimate for expected product returns and rebates associated with the transaction. These estimates are adjusted at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration that is expected to be received changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. Accordingly, an increase or decrease to revenue is recognized at that time.
Sales and other taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control of products has transferred to the customer as a component of cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. We classify shipping and handling fees billed to our customers as net sales and the corresponding costs are classified as cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations.
During years prior to fiscal 2019, we recognized revenue in accordance with ASC 605, Revenue Recognition ("ASC 605"). The adoption of ASC 606 did not materially change the timing or methods in which we have historically recognized revenue.
Receivables. Receivables are stated net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $3.4 million at March 31, 2020 and $3.1 million at March 31, 2019. We evaluate future expected credit losses on our receivables to establish the allowance for doubtful accounts based on a combination of specific customer circumstances and historical write-off experience. Credit is extended to customers based upon an evaluation of their financial position. Generally, advance payment is not required. Allowances for doubtful accounts established are recorded within Selling, General and Administrative expenses within the consolidated statements of operations.
Inventory. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Market is determined based on estimated net realizable values. Approximately 61% and 62% of the Company’s total inventories as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 were valued using the "last-in, first-out" (LIFO) method. All remaining inventories are valued using the "first-in, first-out" (FIFO) method.
In some cases we have determined a certain portion of our inventories are excess or obsolete. In those cases we write down the value of those inventories to their net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. The total write-down of inventories charged to expense was $4.6 million, $3.1 million and $4.3 million, during fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Purchase accounting and business combinations. Assets acquired and the liabilities assumed as part of a business combination are recognized separately from goodwill at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. We review and consider input from outside specialists, if and when appropriate to develop discount rates, and use estimates and assumptions about the future performance of the business to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. We may refine these estimates during the measurement period which may be up to one year from the acquisition date. As a result, during the measurement period, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset recorded to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of the assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in our consolidated statements of operations.
Impairment of intangible assets and tangible fixed assets. The carrying value of long-lived assets, including amortizable intangible assets and tangible fixed assets, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment of amortizable intangible assets and tangible fixed assets is generally determined by comparing projected undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the asset, or group of assets, to its carrying value. If impairment is identified, a loss is recorded equal to the excess of the asset's net book value over its fair value, and the cost basis is adjusted. Determination of the fair value requires various estimates including internal cash flow estimates generated from the asset, quoted market prices and appraisals as appropriate to determine fair value. Actual results could vary from these estimates.
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Our recorded goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized but are tested annually as of October 1 during the third quarter of each fiscal year, and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist, using a discounted cash flow methodology based on future business projections and a market value approach (guideline public company comparables). We perform our goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value up to the amount of the recorded goodwill. Our annual impairment test performed during fiscal 2020 indicated that the fair value of the Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets and reporting units significantly exceeded their carrying value; therefore, no impairment was present.
In connection with our ongoing supply chain optimization and footprint repositioning initiatives, we have taken several actions to consolidate existing manufacturing facilities and rationalize our product offerings. These actions require us to assess whether the carrying amount of impacted long-lived assets will be recoverable as well as whether the remaining useful lives of such assets require adjustment. While we did not recognize any impairment charges associated with fixed assets in fiscal 2020, during fiscal 2019 and 2018 we recognized impairment charges associated with these fixed assets of $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively. We did not recognize any impairment charges associated with intangible assets related to these initiatives during fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018.
See Item 8, Note 5, Restructuring and Other Similar Charges for more information. The impairment of fixed assets and intangible assets was determined utilizing Level 3 inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy, and the Company reviewed and considered input from outside specialists, when appropriate. Refer to Item 8, Note 13, Fair Value Measurements for additional information.
During fiscal 2018, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $111.2 million, representing the entire balance of goodwill within the VAG reporting unit, as of March 31, 2018. The fair value of the VAG reporting unit was estimated using both an income valuation model (discounted cash flow) and a market approach in the then market environment. During the period leading up to the disposition of VAG in fiscal 2019, we continuously assessed the carrying value of the net assets of the VAG business compared to the value implied by the bids we received in connection with the sale process. As a result of this assessment, prior to the disposition of the VAG business, we recorded additional non-cash impairment charges of $126.0 million to reduce the carrying value of the VAG business to its estimated fair value less costs to sell. Refer to Item 8, Note 4, Discontinued Operations for additional information.
Retirement benefits. We have significant pension and post-retirement benefit income and expense and assets/liabilities that are developed from actuarial valuations. These valuations include key assumptions regarding discount rates, expected return on plan assets, mortality rates and the current health care cost trend rate. We consider current market conditions in selecting these assumptions. Changes in the related pension and post-retirement benefit income/costs or assets/liabilities may occur in the future due to changes in the assumptions and changes in asset values.
We recognize the net actuarial gains or losses in excess of unrecognized gain or loss exceeding 10 percent of the greater of the market-related value of plan assets or the plan's projected benefit obligation at re-measurement (the "corridor") in the Corporate segment operating results during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year (or upon any re-measurement date). During fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized non-cash actuarial (loss) gain of $(36.6) million, $0.4 million and $3.3 million, respectively, in connection with re-measurements of the plans. Net periodic benefit costs recorded on a quarterly basis are primarily comprised of service and interest cost, amortization of unrecognized prior service cost and the expected return on plan assets. See Item 8, Note 16, Retirement Benefits for additional information.
The obligation for postretirement benefits other than pension also is actuarially determined and is affected by assumptions including the discount rate and expected future increase in per capita costs of covered postretirement health care benefits. Changes in the discount rate and differences between actual and assumed per capita health care costs may affect the recorded amount of the expense in future periods.
Income taxes. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related deferred tax assets and liabilities. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“U.S. Tax Reform”). U.S. Tax Reform incorporated significant changes to U.S. corporate income tax laws including, among other items, a reduction in the statutory federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, an exemption for dividends received from certain foreign subsidiaries, a one-time repatriation tax on deemed repatriated earnings from foreign subsidiaries, immediate expensing of certain depreciable tangible assets, limitations on the deduction for net interest expense and certain executive compensation and the repeal of the Domestic Production Activities Deduction (“DPAD”). In accordance with ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 118, we had reflected a provisional net income tax benefit of $66.5 million (including amounts relating to the VAG business) with respect to U.S. Tax Reform for fiscal 2018 based upon the current facts and circumstances and our interpretation of U.S. Tax Reform (and related available guidance at that time). We had continued to
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review and analyze various IRS Notices, proposed regulations and other pertinent information that became available during fiscal 2019. Based upon this review and analysis, as well as updates to certain financial information, we determined that the adjusted net impact of U.S. Tax Reform for fiscal 2018 was a net income tax benefit of $65.9 million (including amounts relating to the VAG business). The $0.6 million reduction from the $66.5 million net income tax benefit originally recorded in fiscal 2018 was recorded as a discrete item in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 and such adjusted net income tax benefit recorded was determined to be complete at that time.
We assess our income tax positions and record tax liabilities for all years subject to examination based upon management’s evaluation of the facts and circumstances and information available at the reporting dates. For those income tax positions where it is more-likely-than-not, based on technical merits, that a tax benefit will be sustained upon the conclusion of an examination, we have recorded the largest amount of tax benefit having a cumulatively greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority, assuming that it has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those tax positions which do not meet the more-likely-than-not threshold regarding the ultimate realization of the related tax benefit, no tax benefit has been recorded in the financial statements. In addition, we provide for interest and penalties, as applicable, and record such amounts as a component of the overall income tax provision. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, our liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $14.8 million and $21.8 million, respectively.
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, net operating losses (“NOL’s”), tax credit and other carryforwards. We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance based on historical losses, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. As a result of this review, we established a full valuation allowance against U.S. federal and state capital loss carryforwards, as well as certain state tax credit carryforwards, and continue to maintain a partial valuation allowance against certain foreign NOL carryforwards and other related deferred tax assets, as well as certain U.S. state NOL carryforwards. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, valuation allowances of $39.4 and $32.4 million, respectively, were recorded against our deferred tax assets. See Item 8 Note 17, Income Taxes for additional information.
Commitments and Contingencies. We are subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to environmental, labor, product and other matters. We are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. We determine the amount of accruals needed, if any, for each individual issue based on our professional knowledge and experience and discussions with legal counsel. The required accruals may change in the future due to new developments in each matter, the ultimate resolution of each matter or changes in approach, such as change in strategy.
Accruals are recorded on our consolidated balance sheets to reflect our contractual liabilities relating to warranty commitments to our customers. We provide warranty coverage at various lengths and terms to our customers depending on standard offerings and negotiated contractual agreements. We accrue an estimate for warranty expense at the time of sale based on historical warranty return rates and repair costs. Should future warranty experience differ materially from our historical experience, we may be required to record additional warranty accruals which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period in which these additional accruals are required.
As noted in Item 8, Note 18, Commitments and Contingencies, certain Water Management subsidiaries are subject to asbestos litigation. As a result, we have recorded a liability for pending and potential future asbestos claims, as well as a receivable for insurance coverage of such liability. The valuation of our potential asbestos liability was based on the number and severity of future asbestos claims, future settlement costs, and the effectiveness of defense strategies and settlement initiatives.
We estimate that our available insurance to cover our potential asbestos liability as of the end of fiscal 2020 is greater than our potential asbestos liability. This conclusion was reached after considering our experience in asbestos litigation, the insurance payments made to date by our insurance carriers, existing insurance policies, the industry ratings of the insurers and the advice of insurance coverage counsel with respect to applicable insurance coverage law relating to the terms and conditions of those policies. We used these same considerations when evaluating the recoverability of our receivable for insurance coverage of potential asbestos claims.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Item 8, Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies regarding recent accounting pronouncements.
Overview of Recent Developments
COVID-19 pandemic
The coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic and the actions taken by various governments and third parties to combat the spread of COVID-19 (including, in some cases, mandatory quarantines and other suspensions of non-essential business operations) have led to disruptions in our manufacturing and distribution operations and supply chains, including temporary reductions or suspensions of operations at some of our manufacturing and distribution locations around the world. In addition, our suppliers, business partners and customers are also experiencing similar negative impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic.
In order to reduce our cash outflows during this period of time, we have implemented furloughs, workforce reductions and reductions of non-essential spending. Our objective is to control the downside risk to our financial results, while ensuring that we maintain the capacity to fully participate in the eventual recovery. While it is not possible at this time to estimate the scope and severity of the impact that COVID-19 could have on our operations, the continued spread of COVID-19, the measures taken by the governments of countries affected, actions taken to protect employees, actions taken to shutdown or temporarily discontinue operations in certain locations, and the impact of the pandemic on various business activities in affected countries and the economy generally, it could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Discontinued Operations
During fiscal 2019, we completed the sale of the VAG business, which was previously included within the Water Management platform. The operating results of the VAG business are reported as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented, as the sale of VAG represented a strategic shift that had a major impact on operations and financial results. The sale price was subject to customary working capital and cash balance adjustments, which were finalized in fiscal 2020. As a result of these adjustments and other related costs, we recognized an additional $1.8 million loss on the sale of discontinued operations during fiscal 2020.
The major components of the Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax associated with the VAG business presented in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are included in the table below (in millions):
Fiscal Years Ended
Selling, general and administrative expenses — 35.1 56.5
Restructuring and other similar charges — — 4.7
Amortization of intangible assets — 0.3 1.4
Loss on sale of discontinued operations 1.8 22.5 —
Other non-operating expenses, net — 3.2 4.7
Loss from discontinued operations before income tax (1.8) (157.7) (130.6)
Income tax benefit — 3.0 —
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (1.8) $ (154.7) $ (130.6)
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(1)We recorded non-cash impairments of $126.0 million during the year ended March 31, 2019 to reflect the estimated fair value less costs to sell the VAG business based on the value of the preliminary bids received at that time.
(2)Results from operations in fiscal 2019 reflect the period through November 26, 2018, the date on which the sale of the VAG business was completed.
See Item 8, Note 4, Discontinued Operations for more information.
Restructuring and Other Similar Costs
During fiscal 2020, we continued to execute various restructuring actions. These initiatives were intended to drive efficiencies and reduce operating costs while also modifying our footprint to reflect changes in the markets we serve, the impact
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of acquisitions on our overall manufacturing capacity and the refinement of our overall product portfolio. These restructuring actions primarily resulted in workforce reductions, impairment of related manufacturing facilities, equipment and intangible assets, lease termination costs, and other facility rationalization costs. We expect to continue executing similar initiatives to optimize our operating margin and manufacturing footprint. As we continue to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and the resulting economic slowdown, we may also execute additional restructuring actions. As such, we expect further expenses related to workforce reductions, potential impairment of assets, lease termination costs, and other facility rationalization costs.
We recorded restructuring charges of $15.5 million, $12.1 million and $14.1 million during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. See Item 8, Note 5, Restructuring and Other Similar Costs for more information.
Results of Operations
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2020 Compared with the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019
Net sales
(Dollars in Millions)
Fiscal Year Ended
Process & Motion Control
Process & Motion Control net sales were $1,358.2 million in fiscal 2020, down 1.6% year over year. Excluding a 1% increase in sales from the acquisition of Centa China and a 2% unfavorable impact from foreign currency translation, core net sales decreased 1% year over year. Core sales growth in our aerospace and consumer-facing end-markets was offset by the impact of our ongoing product line simplification initiatives as well as softer demand across several of our industrial process end markets.
Water Management
Water Management net sales were $710.1 million in fiscal 2020, a 5.9% increase year over year. Excluding a 2% increase in net sales associated with our acquisitions of the Stainlessdrains.com and Just Manufacturing businesses, core net sales increased 4% year over year. The increase in core net sales is primarily the result of increased demand across our North American building construction end markets, partially offset by a modest impact from our ongoing product line simplification initiatives.
Income (loss) from operations
(Dollars in Millions)
Fiscal Year Ended
Process & Motion Control
Process & Motion Control income from operations in fiscal 2020 was $228.4 million, or 16.8% of net sales, as compared to $226.1 million, or 16.4% of net sales, in fiscal 2019. Income from operations as a percentage of net sales increased by 40 basis points year over year primarily due to RBS-led productivity gains, benefits from our completed footprint repositioning actions and lower year-over-year acquisition-related fair value adjustments, partially offset by higher restructuring-related costs recognized in fiscal 2020 in connection with our ongoing footprint repositioning initiatives.
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Water Management
Water Management income from operations was $163.1 million in fiscal 2020, or 23.0% of net sales, compared to income from operations of $139.7 million, or 20.8% of net sales, in fiscal 2019. The 220 basis point year-over-year increase in income from operations as a percentage of net sales is primarily due to the increase in sales and benefits associated with our ongoing cost reduction and productivity initiatives and a reduction in the adjustment to state inventories at last-in-first-out cost as compared to the prior year.
Corporate
Corporate expenses were $57.2 million in fiscal 2020 and $60.2 million in fiscal 2019. The decrease in corporate expenses is primarily the result of the prior year recognition of lease facility termination costs incurred in connection with our ongoing footprint optimization actions.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net was $58.6 million in fiscal 2020 compared to $69.9 million in fiscal 2019. The decrease in interest expense as compared to the prior year's period is primarily a result of the impact of lower average outstanding borrowings during fiscal 2020 following $75.0 million and $100.0 million voluntary prepayments on our term loan during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 and the third quarter of fiscal 2020, respectively. In addition, year-over-year interest expense decreased as a result of the lower average interest rate on our term loan following the refinancing of such loan, which was completed during the third quarter of fiscal 2020. Fiscal 2019 also included the amortization of unrealized losses associated with the interest rate derivatives that matured during fiscal 2019. See Item 8, Note 11 Long-Term Debt for more information.
Gain on extinguishment of debt
During fiscal 2020, we recognized a $1.0 million gain on the extinguishment of debt, consisting of a $3.2 million gain in connection with the forgiveness of the remaining net debt associated with the New Market Tax Credit program, partially offset by a $2.2 million loss in connection with the fiscal 2020 refinancing of our term loan and a $100.0 million voluntary prepayment made on our term loan. During fiscal 2019, we recognized a $5.0 million gain in connection with the forgiveness of the net debt associated with the New Market Tax Credit program, partially offset by the recognition of $0.7 million of accelerated amortization of debt issuance costs following a voluntary prepayment on our term loan.
Actuarial (loss) gain on pension and postretirement benefit obligations
Actuarial (loss) gain on pension and postretirement benefit obligations in fiscal 2020 was $(36.6) million compared to$0.4 million in fiscal 2019. The non-cash actuarial loss recognized during fiscal 2020 was primarily the results of decreases in discount rates coupled with lower than expected asset return, partially offset by decreases in life expectancy assumptions utilized within the annual remeasurement of our defined benefit plans. In fiscal 2019, the recognition of $0.4 million of non-cash actuarial gains was primarily due to a foreign defined benefit plan settlement, offset by improved demographic and claims experience associated with our other postretirement benefit plans. See Item 8, Note 16 Retirement Benefits for more information.
Other expense (income), net
Other expense, net for fiscal 2020 was $3.8 million compared to other expense, net of $1.6 million in fiscal 2019. Other expense, net consists primarily of gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit costs associated with our defined benefit plans.
Provision for income taxes
The income tax provision in fiscal 2020 was $54.1 million, or an effective rate of 22.9%. The effective income tax rate for fiscal 2020 was above the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the accrual of foreign income taxes, which are generally above the U.S. federal statutory rate, the accrual of additional income taxes associated with global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and the accrual of various state income taxes, partially offset by the recognition of certain previously unrecognized tax benefits generally due to the lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations, the recognition of income tax benefits associated with share-based payments, the recognition of net tax benefits associated with foreign derived intangible income (“FDII”) and the recognition of tax benefits associated with foreign country enacted rate reductions. The income tax provision in fiscal 2019 was $53.4 million, or an effective tax rate of 22.4%. The effective income tax rate for fiscal 2019 was slightly above the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the accrual of foreign income taxes, which are generally above the U.S. federal statutory rate, the accrual of additional taxes associated with GILTI and the accrual of various state income taxes substantially offset by the recognition of certain previously unrecognized tax benefits due to the lapse of applicable statutes of limitations, the recognition of net tax benefits associated with FDII, the recognition of excess tax benefits associated with share-based payments and the recognition of a tax benefits associated with foreign country enacted rate reductions.
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Net income from continuing operations
Our net income from continuing operations for fiscal 2020 was $182.2 million, compared to net income from continuing operations of $189.0 million for fiscal 2019, as a result of the factors described above. Diluted net income per share from continuing operations was $1.46 for fiscal 2020, as compared to $1.53 per share for fiscal 2019.
Net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders
Our net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders for fiscal 2020 was $165.7 million compared to $11.1 million in fiscal 2019. Diluted net income per share attributable to Rexnord common stockholders was $1.45 in fiscal 2020 compared to $0.28 in fiscal 2019. The loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $1.8 million in fiscal 2020 and $154.7 million in fiscal 2019. The year-over-year change in net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders is primarily the result of the lower year-over-year loss from discontinued operations, an $8.8 million reduction in the amount of dividends paid on shares of preferred stock, which were paid for all of fiscal 2019 but only part of fiscal 2020, and the other factors described above.
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Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019 Compared with the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2018
Net sales
(Dollars in Millions)
Year Ended
Process & Motion Control
Process & Motion Control net sales were $1,380.6 million in fiscal 2019, up 11.2% year over year. Excluding a 2% increase from the acquisition of Centa and a 2% favorable impact from foreign currency translation, core net sales increased 5%. The increase in core sales was the result of favorable demand trends across the majority of our served end markets.
Water Management
Water Management net sales were $670.3 million in fiscal 2018, a 9.8% increase year over year. Excluding a 1% increase from the acquisition of World Dryer and a 1% favorable impact from foreign currency translation, Water Management core net sales increased 4% during fiscal 2018. The year-over-year increase in core sales reflected favorable demand trends in our nonresidential construction end markets.
Income (loss) from operations
(Dollars in Millions)
Year Ended
Process & Motion Control
Process & Motion Control income from operations for fiscal 2019 was $226.1 million, or 16.4% of net sales, as compared to $191.3 million, or 15.4% of net sales, in fiscal 2018. Income from operations as a percentage of net sales increased by 100 basis points year over year primarily due to the increase in core sales, RBS-led productivity gains, benefits from our footprint repositioning actions and a reduction in restructuring-related expense, partially offset by investments in innovation and market expansion initiatives.
Water Management
Water Management income from operations was $139.7 million in fiscal 2019, or 20.8% of net sales, compared to income from operations of $125.7 million, or 20.6% of net sales, in fiscal 2018. The 20 basis point year-over-year increase in income from operations as a percentage of net sales is primarily due to the benefits associated with incremental core sales and ongoing cost reduction and productivity initiatives that more than offset incremental investments in our innovation, market expansion, and cost reduction initiatives.
Corporate
Corporate expenses were $60.2 million in fiscal 2019 and $50.6 million in fiscal 2018. The increase in corporate expenses is primarily associated with the recognition of leased facility termination costs incurred in connection with our ongoing footprint optimization actions and higher year-over-year compensation related costs (primarily stock-based compensation) relative to fiscal 2018.
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Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net was $69.9 million in fiscal 2019 compared to $75.1 million in fiscal 2018. The decrease in interest expense was a result of the impact of lower outstanding borrowings in fiscal 2019 following a $75.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan during fiscal 2019 and the refinancing of our then-outstanding debt during fiscal 2018. See Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt for more information.
(Gain) Loss on extinguishment of debt
During fiscal 2019, we recognized a non-cash gain on the extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million in connection with the forgiveness of the net debt associated with the New Market Tax Credit program. This gain was partially offset by the recognition of $0.7 million of accelerated amortization of debt issuance costs in connection with the $75.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan during fiscal 2019. During fiscal 2018, we recognized an $11.9 million loss on the debt extinguishment associated with the fiscal 2018 debt refinancing, which was comprised of $3.9 million of refinancing related costs, as well as a non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with previously outstanding debt of $8.0 million. See Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt for more information.
Actuarial (loss) gain on pension and postretirement benefit obligations
Actuarial gain on pension and postretirement benefit obligations in fiscal 2019 was $0.4 million compared to $3.3 million in fiscal 2018. In fiscal 2019, the recognition of $0.4 million of non-cash actuarial gains was primarily due to a foreign defined benefit plan settlement, offset by improved demographic and claims experience associated with our other postretirement benefit plans. In fiscal 2018, the recognition of $3.3 million of non-cash actuarial gains was primarily due a foreign defined benefit plan change, as well as improved demographic and claims experience associated with our other postretirement benefit plans. See Item 8, Note 16 Retirement Benefits for more information.
Other expense (income), net
Other expense, net for fiscal 2019 was $1.6 million compared to other income, net of $4.4 million in fiscal 2018. Other expense (income), net consists primarily of foreign currency transaction gains and losses and the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit credits associated with our defined benefit plans. The year-over-year change is primarily driven by the reclassification of historical foreign currency translation adjustments recognized on our equity method investment in Centa China in connection with our acquisition of a controlling interest in that entity in fiscal 2019 and other foreign currency transaction losses.
Provision (Benefit) for income taxes
The income tax provision in fiscal 2019 was $53.4 million, or an effective tax rate of 22.4%. The effective income tax rate for fiscal 2019 was slightly above the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the accrual of foreign income taxes, which are generally above the U.S. federal statutory rate, the accrual of additional taxes associated with GILTI and the accrual of various state income taxes substantially offset by the recognition of certain previously unrecognized tax benefits due to the lapse of applicable statutes of limitations, the recognition of net tax benefits associated with FDII, the recognition of excess tax benefits associated with share-based payments and the recognition of a tax benefits associated with foreign country enacted rate reductions. The income tax benefit in fiscal 2018 was $19.5 million, or an effective tax rate of (10.4)%. The income tax benefit recorded on income before income taxes was primarily due to the recognition of net income tax benefits associated with the enactment of U.S. Tax Reform (including a reduction in the effective statutory federal income tax rate to 31.55% for fiscal 2018), the recognition of net tax benefits associated with the reduction in the tax liability originally recorded on the expatriation of certain foreign branch assets and the DPAD.
Net income from continuing operations
Our net income from continuing operations for fiscal 2019 was $189.0 million, compared to net income from continuing operations of $206.6 million for fiscal 2018, as a result of the factors described above. Diluted net income per share from continuing operations was $1.53 for fiscal 2019, as compared to $1.69 per share for fiscal 2018.
Net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders
Our net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders for fiscal 2019 was $11.1 million compared to $52.7 million in fiscal 2018. Diluted net income per share attributable to Rexnord common stockholders was $0.28 in fiscal 2019 compared to $0.62 in fiscal 2018. The loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $154.7 million in fiscal 2019 and $130.6 million in fiscal 2018. The year-over-year change in net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders is primarily the result of the higher year-over-year loss from discontinued operations and the other factors described above.
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Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Non-GAAP financial measures are intended to supplement and not replace financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Core sales
Core sales excludes the impact of acquisitions (such as the Just Manufacturing, Stainlessdrains.com, Centa and World Dryer acquisitions), divestitures (such as the VAG business) and foreign currency translation. Management believes that core sales facilitates easier and more meaningful comparisons of our net sales performance with prior and future periods and to our peers. We exclude the effect of acquisitions and divestitures because the nature, size and number of acquisitions and divestitures can vary dramatically from period to period and between us and our peers, and can also obscure underlying business trends and make comparisons of long-term performance difficult. We exclude the effect of foreign currency translation from this measure because the volatility of currency translation is not under management's control.
EBITDA
EBITDA represents earnings before interest and other debt related activities, taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is presented because it is an important supplemental measure of performance and it is frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry. EBITDA is also presented and compared by analysts and investors in evaluating our ability to meet debt service obligations. Other companies in our industry may calculate EBITDA differently. EBITDA is not a measurement of financial performance under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities or as a measure of liquidity or an alternative to net income as indicators of operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because EBITDA is calculated before recurring cash charges, including interest expense and taxes, and is not adjusted for capital expenditures or other recurring cash requirements of the business, it should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to invest in the growth of the business.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA (as described below in "Covenant Compliance") is an important measure because, under our credit agreement, our ability to incur certain types of acquisition debt and certain types of subordinated debt, make certain types of acquisitions or asset exchanges, operate our business and make dividends or other distributions, all of which will impact our financial performance, is impacted by our Adjusted EBITDA, as our lenders measure our performance with a net first lien leverage ratio by comparing our senior secured bank indebtedness to our Adjusted EBITDA (see "Covenant Compliance" for additional discussion of this ratio, including a reconciliation to our net income). We reported net income available to Rexnord common stockholders in the year ended March 31, 2020 of $165.7 million and Adjusted EBITDA for the same period of $460.2 million. See "Covenant Compliance" for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to GAAP net income.
Covenant Compliance
Our credit agreement, which governs our senior secured credit facilities, contains, among other provisions, restrictive covenants regarding indebtedness, payments and distributions, mergers and acquisitions, asset sales, affiliate transactions, capital expenditures and the maintenance of certain financial ratios. Payment of borrowings under the credit agreement may be accelerated if there is an event of default. Events of default include the failure to pay principal and interest when due, a material breach of a representation or warranty, certain non-payments or defaults under other indebtedness, covenant defaults, events of bankruptcy and a change of control. Certain covenants contained in the credit agreement restrict our ability to take certain actions, such as incurring additional debt or making acquisitions, if we are unable to meet a maximum total net leverage ratio of 6.75 to 1.0 as of the end of each fiscal quarter (it was 2.1 to 1.0 at March 31, 2020). Failure to comply with these covenants could limit our long-term growth prospects by hindering our ability to borrow under the revolver, to obtain future debt and/or to make acquisitions.
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"Adjusted EBITDA" is the term we use to describe EBITDA as defined and adjusted in our credit agreement, which is net income, adjusted for the items summarized in the table below. Adjusted EBITDA is intended to show our unleveraged, pre-tax operating results and therefore reflects our financial performance based on operational factors, excluding non-operational, non-cash or non-recurring losses or gains. In view of our debt level, it is also provided to aid investors in understanding our compliance with our debt covenants. Adjusted EBITDA is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP, and our use of the term Adjusted EBITDA varies from others in our industry. This measure should not be considered as an alternative to net income, income from operations or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA has important limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. For example, Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect: (a) our capital expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments; (b) changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; (c) the significant interest expenses, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt; (d) tax payments that represent a reduction in cash available to us; (e) any cash requirements for the assets being depreciated and amortized that may have to be replaced in the future; or (f) the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters that we and the lenders under our credit agreement may not consider indicative of our ongoing operations. In particular, our definition of Adjusted EBITDA allows us to add back certain non-cash, non-operating or non-recurring charges that are deducted in calculating net income, even though these are expenses that may recur, vary greatly and are difficult to predict and can represent the effect of long-term strategies as opposed to short-term results.
In addition, certain of these expenses can represent the reduction of cash that could be used for other corporate purposes. Further, although not included in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA below, the measure may at times allow us to add estimated cost savings and operating synergies related to operational changes ranging from acquisitions or dispositions to restructuring, and/or exclude one-time transition expenditures that we anticipate we will need to incur to realize cost savings before such savings have occurred.
The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA under our credit agreement as of March 31, 2020 is presented in the table below. However, the results of such calculation could differ in the future based on the different types of adjustments that may be included in such respective calculations at the time.
Set forth below is a reconciliation of net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders to Adjusted EBITDA for fiscal 2020.
(in millions) Year Ended March 31, 2020
Net income attributable to Rexnord common stockholders $ 165.7
Dividends on preferred stock 14.4
Non-controlling interest income 0.3
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (1) 1.8
Income tax provision 54.1
Actuarial loss on pension and postretirement benefit obligations 36.6
Other expense, net (2) 3.8
Gain on the extinguishment of debt (1.0)
Interest expense, net 58.6
Depreciation and amortization 86.6
Adjustments to EBITDA:
Restructuring and other similar charges (3) 15.5
Stock-based compensation expense 26.9
LIFO adjustments (4) (4.1)
Acquisition-related fair value adjustment 1.7
Other, net (5) (0.7)
Subtotal of adjustments to EBITDA 39.3
Adjusted EBITDA 460.2
Pro forma adjustment for acquisitions (6) 5.0
Pro forma Adjusted EBITDA 465.2
Consolidated indebtedness (7) $ 984.0
Total net leverage ratio (8) 2.1
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(1)Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax is not included in Adjusted EBITDA in accordance with the terms of our credit agreement.
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(2)Other expense, net for the periods indicated, consists primarily of gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit costs associated with our defined benefit plans.
(3)Restructuring and other similar charges is comprised of costs associated with workforce reductions, lease termination costs, and other facility rationalization costs. See Item 8, Note 5, Restructuring and Other Similar Charges for more information.
(4)Last-in first-out (LIFO) inventory adjustments are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA as defined in our credit agreement.
(5)Other, net for the periods indicated, consists primarily gains and losses on the disposition of long-lived assets.
(6)Represents a pro forma adjustment to include Adjusted EBITDA related to the acquisitions of Stainlessdrains.com and Just Manufacturing, which was permitted by our credit agreement. The pro forma adjustment includes the period from April 1, 2019 through the dates of the Stainlessdrains.com and Just Manufacturing acquisitions. See Item 8, Note 3, Acquisitions for more information.
(7)Our credit agreement defines our consolidated indebtedness as the sum of all indebtedness (other than letters of credit or bank guarantees, to the extent undrawn) consisting of indebtedness for borrowed money and capitalized lease obligations, less unrestricted cash, which was $489.4 million (as defined by the credit agreement) at March 31, 2020.
(8)Our credit agreement defines the total net leverage ratio as the ratio of consolidated indebtedness (as described above) to Adjusted EBITDA for the trailing four fiscal quarters.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are available cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from operations, and borrowing availability under our $264.0 million revolving credit facility and our $100.0 million accounts receivable securitization program.
As of March 31, 2020, we had $573.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and $28.6 million of additional borrowing capacity ($9.3 million of available borrowings under our revolving credit facility and $19.3 million available under our accounts receivable securitization program). As of March 31, 2020, the available borrowings under our credit facility and accounts receivable securitization were reduced by $325.0 million of borrowings outstanding and $10.4 million due to outstanding letters of credit. As of March 31, 2019, we had $292.5 million of cash and approximately $351.3 million of additional borrowing capacity ($258.4 million of available borrowings under our revolving credit facility and $92.9 million available under our accounts receivable securitization program). As of March 31, 2019, the available borrowings under our credit facility and accounts receivable securitization were reduced by $12.7 million due to outstanding letters of credit.
Both our revolving credit facility and accounts receivable securitization program are available to fund our working capital requirements, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. We believe our resources are adequate for expected needs.
Cash Flows
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2020 Compared with the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019
Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2020 was $298.6 million compared to $258.1 million in fiscal 2019. Incremental profit generated during fiscal 2020 was partially offset by higher trade working capital and the timing of payments on accrued expenses.
Cash used for investing activities was $123.1 million in fiscal 2020 compared to $53.3 million in fiscal 2019. Investing activities in fiscal 2020 included $84.5 million of net cash used to fund our acquisitions of Stainlessdrains.com and Just Manufacturing, whereas fiscal 2019 included $23.4 million of net cash used to fund the Centa China acquisition. We invested $41.4 million in capital expenditures in fiscal 2020 compared to $44.9 million in fiscal 2019.
Cash provided by financing activities was $114.9 million in fiscal 2020 compared to cash used for financing activities of $116.7 million in fiscal 2019. During fiscal 2020, we utilized $100.7 million of cash for repurchases of our common stock, $17.4 million for the payment of preferred stock dividends and $9.8 million of cash for the payment of dividends on our common stock. The fiscal 2020 uses of cash were more than offset by $214.4 million of net borrowings on outstanding debt, consisting of $250.0 million of proceeds from our revolving credit facility and $75.0 million of proceeds from our securitization facility, partially offset by a $100.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan. In fiscal 2020, $28.4 million of net cash was also received in connection with stock option exercises. During fiscal 2019, we utilized a net $98.2 million of cash for the payment of outstanding debt, consisting of a $75.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan and $23.2 million primarily for the payment of our securitization facility borrowings. The Company also used $23.2 million for the payment of preferred stock dividends. The fiscal 2019 uses of cash were partially offset by the receipt of $4.7 million of net cash proceeds associated with stock option exercises.
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Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019 Compared with the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2019 was $258.1 million compared to $228.5 million in fiscal 2018. The increase in cash flows from operations is primarily driven by higher year-over-year operating profit on higher sales and lower year-over-year restructuring charges and cash interest, partially offset by incremental trade working capital.
Cash used for investing activities was $53.3 million in fiscal 2019 compared to $208.8 million in fiscal 2018. Investing activities in fiscal 2019 included $23.4 million of net cash used to fund the Centa China acquisition, whereas fiscal 2018 included $173.6 million of net cash used primarily to fund the World Dryer and Centa acquisitions. We invested $44.9 million in capital expenditures in fiscal 2019 compared to $40.7 million in fiscal 2018.
Cash used by financing activities was $116.7 million in fiscal 2019 compared to cash used for financing activities of $308.8 million in fiscal 2018. During fiscal 2019, we utilized a net $98.2 million for the payment of outstanding debt, consisting of a $75.0 million voluntary prepayment on our term loan and $23.2 million primarily for the payment of our securitization facility borrowing. The Company also used $23.2 million in fiscal 2019 for the payment of preferred stock dividends. These fiscal 2019 uses of cash were partially offset by the receipt of $4.7 million of net cash proceeds associated with stock option exercises. During fiscal 2018, we utilized $297.4 million of cash and proceeds from our issuance of the 4.875% Senior Notes due 2025, net of financing related costs, in connection with a refinancing, including reduction in the net amount borrowed, of the outstanding debt under our credit agreement (see Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt for additional details and debt payments). In addition, we utilized $23.2 million for the payment of preferred stock dividends. These fiscal 2018 uses of cash were partially offset by the receipt of $5.8 million in connection with a sale-leaseback transaction and $6.0 million of cash proceeds associated with stock option exercises.
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Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The table below lists our contractual obligations at March 31, 2020 by period when due:
Payments Due by Period
(in millions) Total Less than1 Year (7) 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More than5 Years
Revolving credit facility (3) 250.0 — 250.0 — —
Securitization facility borrowings (4) 75.0 75.0 — — —
Pension and post-retirement plans (6) 96.3 9.2 41.6 45.5 See note (6)
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(1)Excludes unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $4.2 million at March 31, 2020.
(2)Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs of $4.3 million at March 31, 2020.
(3)Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.8 million at March 31, 2020.
(4)Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.1 million at March 31, 2020.
(5)Interest on long-term debt obligations represents the cash interest expense using a LIBOR-based forecast.
(6)Represents expected pension and post-retirement contributions and benefit payments to be paid directly by Rexnord. Contributions and benefit payments beyond fiscal 2025 cannot be reasonably estimated.
(7)Includes $241.8 million of payments due on or before the December 31, 2020 conclusion of the nine-month transition period related to the change in our fiscal year approved following the conclusion of fiscal 2020.
We previously considered the earnings in all of our foreign subsidiaries as permanently reinvested; and as such, had not recorded deferred income taxes with respect to such earnings. However, in consideration of the current economic environment due to COVID-19 and in light of favorable changes incorporated in U.S. Tax Reform with respect to repatriation of foreign earnings, we determined effective as of the fourth quarter ending March 31, 2020 that certain unremitted earnings of approximately $44.4 million existing in Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom are no longer permanently reinvested. As a result of U.S. Tax Reform, unremitted earnings can generally be remitted to the U.S. without incurring additional U.S. federal income taxation. In addition, earnings repatriated from the jurisdictions noted above, based upon our current legal structure, can generally be repatriated without incurring any withholding tax liability.Accordingly, we determined that the deferred tax liability associated with the repatriation of the undistributed earnings from the applicable subsidiaries located in these tax jurisdictions would be minimal, if any.No provision has been made for United States federal income taxes related to approximately $98.8 million of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are considered to be permanently reinvested; see Item 8, Note 17, Income Taxes for further information.
We may be required to make significant cash outlays related to our unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties. However, due to the uncertainty of the timing of future cash flows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits, we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of the period of cash settlement, if any, with the respective taxing authorities. Accordingly, unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties and federal tax benefits where applicable, of $14.8 million as of March 31, 2020, have been excluded from the contractual obligations table above. See Item 8, Note 17, Income Taxes for more information related to our unrecognized tax benefits.
Additionally, the deferred compensation liability of $7.4 million as of March 31, 2020, has been excluded from the contractual obligations table above, as we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of the payments or the amount by which the liability will increase over time. See Item 8, Note 16, Retirement Benefits for more information related to our deferred compensation plan.
Our pension and post-retirement benefit plans are discussed in detail in Item 8, Note 16, Retirement Benefits. The pension plans provide for monthly pension payments to eligible employees upon retirement. Other post-retirement benefits consist of retiree medical plans that cover a portion of employees in the United States that meet certain age and service requirements and other post-retirement benefits for employees at certain foreign locations. See Item 1A, Risk Factors for more information.
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Indebtedness
As of March 31, 2020 we had $1,473.4 million of total indebtedness outstanding as follows (in millions):
Securitization facility borrowings (4) 74.9 74.9 —
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(1)Includes unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $4.2 million at March 31, 2020.
(2)Includes unamortized debt issuance costs of $4.3 million at March 31, 2020.
(3)Includes unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.8 million at March 31, 2020.
(4)Includes unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.1 million at March 31, 2020.
(5)See more information related to finance leases within Item 8, Note 14, Leases.
See Item 8, Note 11, Long-Term Debt for a description of our outstanding indebtedness.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet or non-consolidated special-purpose entities.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to market risk during the normal course of business from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. The exposure to these risks is managed through a combination of normal operating and financing activities and derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency forward contracts to cover certain known foreign currency transactional risks. We also have historically entered into interest rate derivatives to manage interest rate fluctuations.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Our exposure to foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to our foreign operations. For our foreign operations, exchange rates impact the U.S. Dollar ("USD") value of our reported earnings, our investments in the subsidiaries and the intercompany transactions with the subsidiaries. See Item 1A, Risk Factors for more information.
Approximately 29% of our sales originated outside of the United States in fiscal 2020. Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated into USD at the end of the fiscal period using the average exchange rates in effect during the period. Consequently, as the value of the USD changes relative to the currencies of our major markets, particularly those that are Euro-based, our reported results may vary significantly.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates also impact the USD amount of our stockholders' equity. The assets and liabilities of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated into USD at the exchange rates in effect at the end of the fiscal periods. As of March 31, 2020, stockholders' equity decreased by $24.5 million from March 31, 2019 as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments. If the USD strengthened by 10% as of March 31, 2020, the result would have decreased stockholders' equity by approximately $39.9 million.
As we continue to expand our business globally, our success will depend, in large part, on our ability to anticipate and effectively manage these and other risks associated with our international operations. However, any of these factors could adversely affect our international operations and, consequently, our operating results.
As of March 31, 2020, we had not entered into foreign currency forward contracts.
Interest Rate Risk
We utilize a combination of short-term and long-term debt to finance our operations and are exposed to interest rate risk on a portion of these debt obligations.
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A portion of our indebtedness (approximately 59%) including indebtedness under the senior secured credit facilities, bears interest at rates that fluctuate with changes in certain short-term prevailing interest rates. As of March 31, 2020, our outstanding borrowings under the term loan facility were $620.8 million (net of $4.2 million unamortized debt issuance costs) and bore an effective interest rate of 2.74%, determined as London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") (subject to a 0% floor) plus an applicable margin of 1.75%. The weighted-average interest rate for fiscal year 2020 was 3.96% determined as LIBOR (subject to a 0% floor) plus an applicable margin of 1.75%.
Our net income is affected by changes in market interest rates on our variable-rate obligations. As discussed above, our term loan facilities are subject to a 0% LIBOR floor. Therefore, for every 100 basis point increase in the March 31, 2020 market interest rate would increase the annual interest expense under our term loan facility by approximately $8.8 million.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information with respect to the Company's market risk is contained under the caption "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K include the accounts of Rexnord Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company").
Index to Financial Statements
Rexnord Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements
As of March 31, 2020 and 2019 and
for the years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Reports of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 52
Consolidated Balance Sheets 56
Consolidated Statements of Operations 57
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 58
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity 59
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 60
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 61
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Rexnord Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Rexnord Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at March 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated May 12, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
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Valuation of acquired intangible assets
53
Valuation allowances and uncertain tax positions
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
May 12, 2020
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Rexnord Corporation
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Rexnord Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Rexnord Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) and our report dated May 12, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.