Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Overview

We are a patient-centric gene therapy company focused on developing and commercializing AAV-based gene therapies for the treatment of monogenic diseases of the CNS. We were founded in partnership with The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, or UT Southwestern, to develop and commercialize transformative gene therapy treatments. Together with UT Southwestern, we possess a portfolio of gene therapy product candidates, with exclusive options to acquire several additional development programs at no cost. By combining our management team’s proven experience in gene therapy drug development and commercialization with UT Southwestern’s world-class gene therapy research capabilities, we believe we have created a powerful engine to develop transformative therapies to dramatically improve patients’ lives. In March 2022, we announced strategic pipeline prioritization initiatives focused on GAN and Rett syndrome, and we have subsequently further paused substantially all other research and development activities to increase operational efficiency.

In April 2021, we acquired exclusive worldwide rights to TSHA-120, a clinical-stage, intrathecally dosed AAV9 gene therapy program for the treatment of giant axonal neuropathy, or GAN. A Phase 1/2 clinical trial of TSHA-120 is being conducted by the National Institutes of Health, or NIH, under an accepted investigational new drug application, or IND. We reported clinical safety and functional MFM32 data from this trial for the highest dose cohort of 3.5x1014 total vg (by dot blot) and 1.0x1014 total vg (ddPCR) in January 2022, where we saw continued clinically meaningful slowing of disease progression similar to that achieved with the lower dose cohorts, which we considered confirmatory of disease modification. We recently completed a commercially representative GMP batch of TSHA-120 which demonstrated that the pivotal lots from the commercial grade material were generally analytically comparable to the original clinical trial material. Release testing for this batch was completed in the fourth quarter of 2022. In September 2022, we submitted a meeting request to the FDA and were granted a Type B end-of-Phase 2 meeting via teleconference on December 13, 2022. In January 2023, we reported feedback from the Type B end-of-Phase 2 meeting with the FDA following receipt of the formal meeting minutes. The FDA provided additional clarity for TSHA-120 for the treatment of GAN where MFM32 was acknowledged as an acceptable endpoint with a recommendation to dose additional patients in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design to support a Biologics License Application, or BLA. The FDA acknowledged that our overall approach to manufacturing of commercial material was appropriate pending review of a planned Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls, or CMC, data package for TSHA-120. Subsequently, we submitted follow up questions in response to the formal meeting minutes. The FDA clarified MFM as a relevant primary endpoint in the setting of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial and acknowledged Taysha's challenge in designing such study due to the ultra-rare nature of GAN. The FDA was open to acceptance of more uncertainty due to difficulty in enrolling a sufficient number of patients and regulatory flexibility in a controlled trial setting. In addition, the FDA indicated it was willing to consider alternative study designs utilizing objective measurements to demonstrate a relatively large treatment effect that is self-evident and clinically meaningful. The FDA acknowledged that the size of the safety database will be a review issue and acceptance of the existing safety data from treated patients will depend on demonstration of product comparability. We have completed the CMC module 3 amendment submission detailing drug comparability data and are awaiting FDA feedback.

We are evaluating TSHA-102 in the REVEAL Phase 1⁄2 clinical trial, which is an open-label, dose escalation, randomized, multicenter study that is examining the safety and efficacy of TSHA-102 in adult female patients with Rett syndrome. We expect to dose the first adult patient with Rett syndrome in the first half of 2023 and to report initial available clinical data in the first half of 2023, with planned quarterly updates on available clinical data primarily on safety from the adult study thereafter. We anticipate submission of a CTA to the MHRA for TSHA-102 in pediatric patients with Rett syndrome in mid-2023. We plan to submit an IND application for Rett syndrome to FDA in the second half of 2023.

We have a limited operating history. Since our inception, our operations have focused on organizing and staffing our company, business planning, raising capital and entering into collaboration agreements for conducting preclinical research and development activities for our product candidates. Both of our lead product candidates are still in the clinical stage. We do not have any product candidates approved for sale and have not generated any revenue from product sales. We have funded our operations primarily through: (i) the sale of equity, raising an aggregate of $438.5 million of gross proceeds from our IPO, sales of common stock pursuant to our Sales Agreement and our October 2022 Follow-on Offering: (ii) pre-IPO private placements of our convertible preferred stock; (iii) our Term Loan Agreement (as defined below); and (iv) the Astellas Transactions.

Lenders, or, collectively, the Term Loans. We drew $30.0 million in term loans on the Closing Date and drew an additional $10.0 million term loan on December 29, 2021. We did not draw the additional $20.0 million tranche prior to its expiration on September 30, 2022. The loan repayment schedule provides for interest only payments until August 31, 2024, followed by consecutive monthly payments of principal and interest. All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to each term loan is due and payable in full on August 1, 2026.

Since our inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net losses were $166.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $174.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $401.4 million. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future. We anticipate that our expenses will increase significantly in connection with our ongoing activities, as we:

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continue to advance the preclinical and clinical development of our product candidates and preclinical and discovery programs;

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conduct our ongoing clinical trials of TSHA-102, TSHA-120 and any other current and future product candidates that we advance;

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seek regulatory approval for any product candidates that successfully complete clinical trials;

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continue to develop our gene therapy product candidate pipeline and next-generation platforms;

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scale up our clinical and regulatory capabilities;

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work with CMOs for the manufacture current Good Manufacturing Practice, or cGMP material for clinical trials or potential commercial sales;

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establish a commercialization infrastructure and scale up internal and external manufacturing and distribution capabilities to commercialize any product candidates for which we may obtain regulatory approval;

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adapt our regulatory compliance efforts to incorporate requirements applicable to marketed products;

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maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio;

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hire additional clinical, manufacturing quality control, regulatory, manufacturing and scientific and administrative personnel;

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add operational, financial and management information systems and personnel, including personnel to support our product development and planned future commercialization efforts; and

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incur additional legal, accounting and other expenses in operating as a public company.

License Agreements

Research, Collaboration and License Agreement with The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

In November 2019, we entered into the UT Southwestern Agreement with The Board of Regents of the University of Texas System on behalf of UT Southwestern, as amended in April 2020.

In connection with the UT Southwestern Agreement, we obtained an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain patent rights of UT Southwestern and a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain know-how of UT Southwestern, in each case to make, have made, use, sell, offer for sale and import licensed products for use in certain specified indications. Additionally, we obtained a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain patents and know-how of UT Southwestern for use in all human uses, with a right of first refusal to obtain an exclusive license under certain of such patent rights and an option to negotiate an exclusive license under other of such patent rights. We are required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize at least one licensed product.

In connection with the UT Southwestern Agreement, we issued to UT Southwestern 2,179,000 shares of our common stock. We do not have any future milestone or royalty obligations to UT Southwestern under the UT Southwestern Agreement, other than costs related to the maintenance of patents.

License Agreement with Abeona (CLN1 Disease)

In August 2020, we entered into the Abeona CLN1 Agreement with Abeona. In connection with the Abeona CLN1 Agreement, we obtained an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to grant sublicenses under certain patents, know-how and materials originally developed by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Abeona to research, develop, manufacture, have manufactured, use, and commercialize licensed products for gene therapy for the prevention, treatment, or diagnosis of CLN1 Disease (one of the forms of Batten disease) in humans.

In connection with the license grant, we paid Abeona a one-time upfront license fee of $3.0 million during fiscal year 2020. We are obligated to pay Abeona up to $26.0 million in regulatory-related milestones and up to $30.0 million in sales-related milestones per licensed product and high single-digit royalties on net sales of licensed products. Royalties are payable on a licensed product-by-licensed product and country-by-country basis until the latest of the expiration or revocation or complete rejection of the last licensed patent covering such licensed product in the country where the licensed product is sold, the loss of market exclusivity in such country where the product is sold, or, if no licensed product exists in such country and no market exclusivity exists in such country, ten years from first commercial sale of such licensed product in such country. In addition, concurrent with the Abeona CLN1 Agreement we entered into a purchase and reimbursement agreement with Abeona, pursuant to which we purchased specified inventory from Abeona and reimbursed Abeona for certain research and development costs previously incurred for total consideration of $4.0 million paid in fiscal year 2020. In December 2021 a regulatory milestone was triggered in connection with this agreement and therefore we recorded $3.0 million within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. The milestone fee was paid in January 2022 and has been classified as an investing outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Abeona CLN1 Agreement expires on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis upon the expiration of the last royalty term of a licensed product. Either party may terminate the agreement upon an uncured material breach of the agreement or insolvency of the other party. We may terminate the agreement for convenience upon specified prior written notice to Abeona.

License Agreement with Abeona (Rett Syndrome)

In October 2020, we entered into the Abeona Rett Agreement with Abeona pursuant to which we obtained an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to grant sublicenses under certain patents, know-how and materials originally developed by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Edinburgh and Abeona to research, develop, manufacture, have manufactured, use, and commercialize licensed products for gene therapy and the use of related transgenes for Rett syndrome.

Subject to certain obligations of Abeona, we are required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop at least one licensed product and commercialize at least one licensed product in the United States.

In connection with the Abeona Rett Agreement, we paid Abeona a one-time upfront license fee of $3.0 million during fiscal year 2020. We are obligated to pay Abeona up to $26.5 million in regulatory-related milestones and up to $30.0 million in sales-related milestones per licensed product and high single-digit royalties on net sales of licensed products. Royalties are payable on a licensed product-by-licensed product and country-by-country basis until the latest of the expiration or revocation or complete rejection of the last licensed patent covering such licensed product in the country where the licensed product is sold, the loss of market exclusivity in such country where the product is sold, or, if no licensed product exists in such country and no market exclusivity exists in such country, ten years from first commercial sale of such licensed product in such country.

In March 2022, our CTA filing for TSHA-102 for the treatment of Rett Syndrome was approved by Health Canada and therefore triggered a regulatory milestone payment in connection with the Rett Agreement. We recorded a $1.0 million charge within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022. This milestone fee was paid in July 2022 and has been classified as an investing outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Abeona Rett Agreement expires on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis upon the expiration of the last royalty term of a licensed product. Either party may terminate the agreement upon an uncured material breach of the agreement or insolvency of the other party. We may terminate the agreement for convenience upon specified prior written notice to Abeona.

Option Agreement with Astellas

On the Effective Date we entered into the Option Agreement with Astellas.

TSHA-120 Giant Axonal Neuropathy

Under the Option Agreement, we granted to Astellas the GAN Option. Subject to certain extensions, the GAN Option is exercisable from the Effective Date through a specified period of time following Astellas’ receipt of (i) the formal minutes from the Type B end-of-Phase 2 meeting between us and the FDA in response to our meeting request sent to the FDA on September 19, 2022 for the 120 GAN Product, (ii) all written feedback from the FDA with respect to the Type B end-of-Phase 2 Meeting, and (iii) all briefing documents sent by us to the FDA with respect to the Type B end-of-Phase 2 Meeting.

TSHA-102 Rett Syndrome

Under the Option Agreement, we also granted to Astellas the Rett Option. Subject to certain extensions, the Rett Option is exercisable for the Rett Option Period related to the Rett Product.

The parties have agreed that, if Astellas exercises an Option, the parties will, for a specified period, negotiate a license agreement in good faith on the terms and conditions outlined in the Option Agreement, including payments by Astellas of a to-be-determined upfront payment, certain to-be-determined milestone payments, and certain to-be-determined royalties on net sales of GAN Products and/or Rett Products, as applicable.

Going Concern

Since inception, we have incurred operating losses and expects to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. Losses are expected to continue as we continue to invest in our research and development activities. We believe there is presently insufficient funding available to allow us to fund our currently planned research and discovery programs for a period exceeding one year from the date of this filing with the SEC. These conditions and events raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Revenue in 2022 was derived from the Astellas Transactions. We recognize revenue as research and development activities related to our Rett program are performed and will recognize revenue related to the Rett and GAN Options at a point in time when the options are exercised or the option period expires.

To date, we have not recognized any revenue from product sales, and we do not expect to generate any revenue from the sale of products, if approved, in the foreseeable future. If our development efforts for our product candidates are successful and result in regulatory approval, or license agreements with third parties, we may generate revenue in the future from product sales. However, there can be no assurance as to when we will generate such revenue, if at all.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses primarily consist of preclinical development of our product candidates and discovery efforts, including conducting preclinical studies, manufacturing development efforts, preparing for clinical trials and activities related to regulatory filings for our product candidates. Research and development expenses are recognized as incurred and payments made prior to the receipt of goods or services to be used in research and development are capitalized until the goods or services are received. Costs incurred in obtaining technology licenses through asset acquisitions are charged to research and development expense if the licensed technology has not reached technological feasibility and has no alternative future use. Research and development expenses include or could include:

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employee-related expenses, including salaries, bonuses, benefits, stock-based compensation, other related costs for those employees involved in research and development efforts;

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license maintenance fees and milestone fees incurred in connection with various license agreements;

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external research and development expenses incurred under agreements with consultants, contract research organizations, or CROs, investigative sites and consultants to conduct our preclinical studies;

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costs related to manufacturing material for our preclinical studies and clinical trials, including fees paid to contract manufacturing organizations, or CMOs;

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laboratory supplies and research materials;

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costs related to compliance with regulatory requirements; and

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facilities, depreciation and other allocated expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent, maintenance of facilities, insurance and equipment.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. We reduced our research and development and general and administrative spend from 2021 to 2022 butplan to invest our research and development expenses, particularlywith respect to the Rett clinical trials, for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of our product candidates and manufacturing processes and conduct discovery and research activities for our preclinical programs. We cannot determine with certainty the timing of initiation, the duration or the completion costs of current or future preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates due to the inherently unpredictable nature of preclinical and clinical development. Clinical and preclinical development timelines, the probability of success and development costs can differ materially from expectations. We anticipate that we will make determinations as to which product candidates to pursue and how much funding to direct to each product candidate on an ongoing basis in response to the results of ongoing and future preclinical studies and clinical trials, regulatory developments and our ongoing assessments as to each product candidate’s commercial potential. We will need to raise substantial

additional capital in the future. Our clinical development costs are expected to increase significantly as we commence clinical trials. Our future expenses may vary significantly each period based on factors such as:

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expenses incurred to conduct preclinical studies required to advance our product candidates into clinical development;

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per patient trial costs, including based on the number of doses that patients received;

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the number of patients who enroll in each trial;

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the number of trials required for approval;

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the number of sites included in the trials;

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the countries in which the trials are conducted;

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the length of time required to enroll eligible patients;

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the drop-out or discontinuation rates of patients;

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potential additional safety monitoring requested by regulatory agencies;

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the duration of patient participation in the trials and follow-up;

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the phase of development of the product candidate;

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third-party contractors failing to comply with regulatory requirements or meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner, or at all;

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the cost to manufacture our product candidates;

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regulators or institutional review boards, or IRBs requiring that we or our investigators suspend or terminate clinical development for various reasons, including noncompliance with regulatory requirements or a finding that the participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risks; and

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the efficacy and safety profile of our product candidates.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist or will consist principally of salaries and related costs for personnel in executive and administrative functions, including stock-based compensation, travel expenses and recruiting expenses. Other general and administrative expenses include professional fees for legal, consulting, accounting and audit and tax-related services and insurance costs.

We anticipate that certain of our general and administrative expenses will decrease in the future as a result of the reductions in our headcount in 2022 and 2023 to support our infrastructure and focused on a more prioritized set of programs in Rett and GAN. We also anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will continue as a result of payments for accounting, audit, legal, consulting services, as well as costs associated with maintaining compliance with Nasdaq listing rules and SEC requirements, director and officer liability insurance, investor and public relations activities and other expenses associated with operating as a public company.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

Impairment of long-lived assets are the result of an asset group's carrying value exceeding the fair value. In November 2022, we decided not to continue building out our manufacturing facility in North Carolina. We recorded a non-cash, non-recurring impairment charge related to the construction in progress and right-of-use lease assets at the manufacturing facility.

Results of Operations

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

For the YearEnded December 31,

Operating expenses:

Impairment of long-lived assets 36,420 —

Other income (expense):

Other expense (18 ) —

Total other expense, net (3,567 ) (1,256 )

Revenue

Revenue related to the Astellas Transactions was $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The revenue recorded is the result of Rett research and development activities performed during November and December 2022.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses were $91.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $131.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The $40.7 million decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease of $20.3 million in research and development manufacturing and other raw material purchases and a $9.0 million decrease in license fees. The decrease in research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 was also attributable to a $12.0 million decrease in third-party research and development fees, mainly related to non-clinical studies and toxicology studies and a $4.7 million decrease in compensation expense as a result of lower headcount. Overall, lower research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 were partially offset by higher clinical trial expenses of $2.4 million and higher severance expense of $2.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2022.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses were $37.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $41.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease of approximately $3.9 million was primarily attributable to $5.0 million of lower consulting and professional fees and lower compensation expenses driven by lower headcount in 2022. Lower general and administrative expenses were partially offset by $1.1 million of severance expense in the year ended December 31, 2022.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

In December 2022, we recorded a non-cash, non-recurring impairment charge of $36.4 million related to our manufacturing facility which will be marketed for sale or sub-lease.

Other Expense

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 primarily consisted of interest expense incurred under the Term Loan Agreement.

Interest Income

Interest income for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 primarily consisted of interest earned on our savings account.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Since our inception, we have not generated any revenue from product sales and have incurred significant operating losses. As of December 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $87.9 million. We have funded our operations primarily through equity financings, raising an aggregate of $438.5 million in gross proceeds from equity financings, including from our IPO, the sale of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement, our October 2022 Follow-on Offering, pre-IPO private placements of common stock and convertible preferred stock, from our loan agreement with Silicon Valley Bank and from the Astellas Transactions. Specifically, between March and July 2020, we closed on the sale of an aggregate of 10,000,000 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock for gross proceeds of $30.0 million. In July and August 2020, we closed on the sale of an aggregate of 5,647,048 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock for gross proceeds of $96.0 million. In September 2020, we raised gross proceeds of $181.0 million in our initial public offering.

On August 12, 2021, or the Closing Date, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement, or the Term Loan Agreement, with the lenders party thereto from time to time, or the Lenders and Silicon Valley Bank, as administrative agent and collateral agent for the Lenders, or the Agent. The Term Loan Agreement provides for (i) on the Closing Date, $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of term loans available through December 31, 2021, (ii) from January 1, 2022 until September 30, 2022, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available at the Company’s option upon having three distinct and active clinical stage programs, determined at the discretion of the Agent, at the time of draw, (iii) from October 1, 2022 until March 31, 2023, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available at our option upon having three distinct and active clinical stage programs, determined at the discretion of the Agent, at the time of draw and (iv) from April 1, 2023 until December 31, 2023, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available upon approval by the Agent and the Lenders, or, collectively, the Term Loans. We drew $30.0 million in term loans on the Closing Date and an additional $10.0 million in term loans on December 29, 2021. We did not draw on the additional $20.0 million tranche prior to its expiration on September 30, 2022. The loan repayment schedule provides for interest only payments until August 31, 2024, followed by consecutive monthly payments of principal and interest. All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to each term loan is due and payable in full on August 1, 2026.

On October 5, 2021, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC in relation to the registration of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and units or any combination thereof up to a total aggregate offering price of $350.0 million. We also simultaneously entered into a Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement with SVB Leerink LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, or the Sales Agents, pursuant to which we may issue and sell, from time to time at our discretion, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $150.0 million through the Sales Agents. In March 2022, we amended the Sales Agreement to, among other things, include Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC as an additional Sales Agent. In April 2022, we sold 2,000,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement and received net proceeds of $11.6 million. No other shares of common stock have been issued and sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement as of December 31, 2022.

On October 21, 2022, we entered into the Option Agreement with Astellas granting Astellas an exclusive option to obtain exclusive, worldwide, royalty and milestone-bearing rights and licenses related to TSHA-120 and TSHA-102. As partial consideration for the rights granted to Astellas under the Option Agreement, Astellas paid us a one-time payment in the amount of $20.0 million, or the Upfront Payment, in November 2022.

Also on October 21, 2022, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement with Astellas, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell to Astellas in a private placement, or the Private Placement, an aggregate of 7,266,342 shares of our common stock, or the Private Placement Shares, for aggregate proceeds of approximately $30.0 million. The Private Placement closed on October 24, 2022. Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, in connection with the Private Placement, Astellas has the right to designate one individual to attend all meetings of the Board in a non-voting observer capacity. We also granted Astellas certain registration rights with respect to the Private Placement Shares.

On October 26, 2022, we entered into the Underwriting Agreement, to issue and sell 14,000,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, in an underwritten public offering pursuant to effective registration statement on Form S-3 and a related prospectus and prospectus supplement. The offering price to the public was $2.00 per share and the Underwriter purchased the shares from us pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement at a price of $1.88 per share. In addition, we granted the Underwriter an option to purchase, for a period of 30 days, up to an additional 2,100,000 shares of our common stock. The Follow-on Offering closed on October 31, 2022 and we received net proceeds of $26.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses. On November 10, 2022, the Underwriter exercised their option to purchase an additional 765,226 shares of our common stock and we received net proceeds of $1.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions.

Funding Requirements

To date, we have not generated any revenues from the commercial sale of approved drug products, and we do not expect to generate substantial revenue for at least the next few years. If we fail to complete the development of our product candidates in a timely manner or fail to obtain their regulatory approval, our ability to generate future revenue will be compromised. We do not know when, or if, we will generate any revenue from our product candidates, and we do not expect to generate significant revenue unless and until we obtain

regulatory approval of, and commercialize, our product candidates. Our expenses decreased from 2021 to 2022 as a result of our program prioritization efforts and reduced headcount. We anticipate further reductions in spending in 2023 compared to 2022 levels due to the strategic pipeline prioritization initiatives focused on developing Rett and GAN. If we obtain approval for any of our product candidates, we expect to incur significant commercialization expenses related to sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution. We anticipate that we will need substantial additional funding in connection with our continuing operations. If we are unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, we could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our research and development programs or future commercialization efforts.

As of December 31, 2022, our material cash requirements consisted of $35.3 million in total lease payments under our noncancelable leases for equipment, laboratory space and office space. These leases are described in further detail in Note 4 to our audited consolidated financial statements located in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our most significant purchase commitments consist of approximately $12.2 million in cancellable purchase obligations to our CROs and other clinical trial vendors.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital requirements into the first quarter of 2024. We will require additional capital to fund the research and development of our product candidates, to fund our manufacturing activities, to fund precommercial activities of our programs and for working capital and general corporate purposes.

Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with research, development and commercialization of biological products, we are unable to estimate the exact amount of our operating capital requirements. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

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the scope, progress, costs and results of discovery, preclinical development, laboratory testing and clinical trials for TSHA-102, TSHA-120 and any current and future product candidates that we advance;

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our ability to access sufficient additional capital on a timely basis and on favorable terms;

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the extent to which we develop, in-license or acquire other product candidates and technologies in our gene therapy product candidate pipeline;

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the costs and timing of process development and manufacturing scale-up activities associated with our product candidates and other programs as we advance them through preclinical and clinical development;

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the number and development requirements of product candidates that we may pursue;

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the costs, timing and outcome of regulatory review of our product candidates;

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our headcount growth and associated costs as we expand our research and development capabilities and establish a commercial infrastructure;

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the costs and timing of future commercialization activities, including product manufacturing, marketing, sales, and distribution, for any of our product candidates for which we receive marketing approval;

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the costs and timing of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and enforcing our intellectual property rights and defending any intellectual property-related claims;

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the revenue, if any, received from commercial sales of our product candidates for which we receive marketing approval;

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whether we access the remaining tranches under our term loan facility with Silicon Valley Bank; and

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the costs of operating as a public company.

Identifying potential product candidates and conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials is a time-consuming, expensive and uncertain process that takes many years to complete, and we may never generate the necessary data or results required to obtain marketing approval and achieve product sales. In addition, our product candidates, if approved, may not achieve commercial success. Our commercial revenues, if any, will be derived from sales of product candidates that we do not expect to be commercially available in the near term, if at all. Accordingly, we will need to continue to rely on additional financing, including the remaining tranches of our Term Loan Facility, to achieve our business objectives. Adequate additional financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the terms of these equity securities or this debt may restrict our ability to operate. The Term Loan Agreement contains negative covenants, including, among other things, restrictions on indebtedness, liens investments, mergers, dispositions, prepayment of other indebtedness and dividends and other distributions. Any future additional debt financing and equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting and restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, entering into profit-sharing or other arrangements or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may be required to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us.

Cash Flows

The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

For the YearEnded December 31,

Net cash used in operating activities $ (88,390 ) $ (117,042 )

Net cash used in investing activities (24,930 ) (21,554 )

Net cash provided by financing activities 52,097 39,083

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ (61,223 ) $ (99,513 )

Operating Activities

For the year ended December 31, 2022, our net cash used in operating activities of $88.4 million primarily consisted of a net loss of $166.0 million, primarily attributable to our spending on research and development expenses. The net loss of $166.0 million was partially offset by $59.1 million in adjustments for non-cash items as a result of the $36.4 impairment charge related to the North Carolina manufacturing facility and stock-based compensation expense of $18.0 million. The net loss was also partially offset by a source of cash of $18.5 million from the change in our operating assets and liabilities, primarily resulting from an increase in deferred revenue related to the Astellas Transactions.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, our net cash used in operating activities of $117.0 million primarily consisted of a net loss of $174.5 million, primarily attributable to our spending on research and development expenses. The net loss of $174.5 million was partially offset by $28.8 million in adjustments for non-cash items, primarily due to stock-based compensation expense of $18.2 million, and the add back of the up-front license fee of $5.5 million paid to HHF related to the acquisition of TSHA-120 which is treated as an investing outflow, and the regulatory milestone fee of $3.0 million due to Abeona in connection with the CLN1 Agreement, as well as other license fees of $1.3 million. The $174.5 million net loss was also partially offset by a source of cash of $28.7 million from the change in our operating assets and liabilities, primarily resulting from an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses.

Investing Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2022, investing activities used $24.9 million of cash primarily attributable to up-front license fee payments of $4.3 million and capital expenditures related to our North Carolina manufacturing facility.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, investing activities used $21.6 million of cash primarily attributable to the up-front license fee payment of $5.5 million to acquire exclusive worldwide rights to TSHA-120, for the treatment of GAN, and capital expenditures related to our North Carolina manufacturing facility and office space.

Financing Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2022, financing activities provided $52.1 million of cash, which was attributable to the receipt of $39.4 million in net proceeds from the Follow-on Offering and sales of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement and $13.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of stock to Astellas. Additional financing proceeds were a result of $0.3 million of proceeds from issuance of shares under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. This was partially offset by $1.4 million of cash paid for costs related to our filing of a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 and other financing activities.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, financing activities provided $39.1 million of cash, which was attributable to the receipt of $40.0 million in net proceeds from our Term Loan with Silicon Valley Bank, partially offset by $0.4 million of cash paid for costs related to our filing of a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 and $0.5 million in other financing activities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

This management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis, including those related to research and development expenses, stock-based compensation and the Astellas Transactions. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, and various other factors that are believed

to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We define our critical accounting policies as those accounting principles that require us to make subjective estimates and judgments about matters that are uncertain and are likely to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations, as well as the specific manner in which we apply those principles. While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements located in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we believe the following are the critical accounting policies used in the preparation of our financial statements that require significant estimates and judgments.

Research and Development Costs

We have entered into research and development contracts with research institutions and other companies. These agreements are generally cancelable, and related payments are recorded as research and development expenses as incurred. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual agreements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected on the balance sheet as prepaid or accrued expenses. We record accruals for estimated ongoing research costs. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrued liabilities, we analyze progress of the studies, including the phase or completion of events, invoices received and contracted costs.

Research and development costs primarily consist of payroll, stock-based compensation, clinical trial expense, certain manufacturing costs, laboratory costs and other supplies, and the cost to acquire third-party licenses.

Costs incurred in obtaining technology licenses through asset acquisitions are charged to research and development expense if the licensed technology has not reached technological feasibility and has no alternative future use.

To date, we have not experienced significant changes in our estimates of accrued research and development liabilities after a reporting period. However, due to the nature of estimates, there is no assurance that we will not make changes to our estimates in the future as we become aware of additional information about the status or conduct of our clinical studies and other research activities.

Stock‐Based Compensation

We account for all stock-based payments to employees and non-employees, including grants of stock options, restricted stock awards, or “RSAs” and restricted stock units or, “RSUs” based on their respective grant date fair values. We estimate the fair value of stock option grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is affected principally by the estimated fair value of shares of our common stock and requires management to make a number of other assumptions, including the expected life of the option, the volatility of the underlying shares, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Expected volatility is based on the historical share volatility of a set of comparable publicly traded companies over a period of time equal to the expected term of the options. Due to the lack of historical exercise history, the expected term of our stock options is determined using the “simplified” method. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is zero based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends and do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Prior to September 23, 2020, the fair value of common stock underlying our stock options, RSAs and RSUs was estimated by our board of directors considering, among other things, contemporaneous valuations of our common stock prepared by unrelated third-party valuation firms. After the IPO, the fair value of common stock is based on the closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market as reported on the date of the grant.

The RSAs and RSUs are valued based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. The Company expenses stock-based compensation related to stock options, RSAs and RSUs over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. Stock-based compensation costs are generally recorded in research and development expense or general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations based upon the respective employee’s roles within our Company, however a portion of stock-based compensation related to employees who were directly involved in the manufacturing facility buildout, has been capitalized into the cost basis of the manufacturing plant. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur.

Astellas Transactions

In October 2022, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement with Astellas, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell to Astellas an aggregate of 7,266,342 shares of our common stock, for aggregate proceeds of approximately $30.0 million. Upon closing of the Private Placement and transferring 7,266,342 shares to Astellas, we recorded the issuance of shares at fair value. Fair value of the shares transferred to Astellas was calculated in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement by analyzing our stock price for a period of time prior to and after the transaction date as traded on the NASDAQ. The NASDAQ trading data is considered an active market and a Level 1 measurement under ASC 820. The fair value was determined to be approximately $13.95 million or $1.92 per share. The

$16.1 million difference between the $30.0 million paid by Astellas and the fair market value of shares issued was allocated to the transaction price of the Option Agreement.

We determined that the Option Agreement falls within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers as the development of TSHA-102 for the treatment of Rett Syndrome and TSHA-120 for the treatment of GAN are considered ordinary activities for us. In accordance with ASC 606, we evaluated the Option Agreement and identified three separate performance obligations: (1) option to obtain licensing right to GAN, (2) option to obtain licensing right to Rett and (3) performance of research and development activities associated with our Rett program. The transaction price is determined to be $36.1 million which is comprised of the $20.0 million Upfront Payment and the $16.1 million allocated from the Private Placement.

To determine the standalone selling price, or the SSP, of the Rett and GAN options which we concluded represent material rights, we utilized the probability-weighted expected return, or PWERM, method. The PWERM method contemplates the probability and timing of an option exercise. At contract inception, we used significant judgement to estimate the probability of exercise of each option at 50%. The SSP of the Rett research and development activities was estimated using an expected cost plus margin approach. The standalone selling prices of the material rights and Rett research and development activities were then used to proportionately allocate the $36.1 million transaction price to the three performance obligations.

Revenue allocated to the material rights will be recognized at a point in time when each option period expires or when a decision is made by Astellas to exercise or not exercise each option. Revenue from the Rett research and development activities will be recognized as activities are performed using an input method, according to the costs incurred as related to the total costs expected to be incurred to satisfy the performance obligation. The transfer of control occurs over this time period and is a reliable measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation. During the year ended December 31, 2022, there were no significant changes to the total estimated costs to be incurred to satisfy the performance obligation associated with the Rett research and development activities. We expect the revenue associated with this performance obligation to be earned by the end of 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements located in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our financial statements.

Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company Status

In April 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies. In addition, as an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include:

•

an exception from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended;

•

reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements;

•

exemptions from the requirements of holding non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; and

•

an exemption from compliance with the requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the communication of critical audit matters in the auditor’s report on financial statements. We may take advantage of these provisions until we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company. We will cease to qualify as an emerging growth company on the date that is the earliest of: (i) December 31, 2025, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have more than $1.235 billion in total annual gross revenues, (iii) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th, or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over the prior three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these reduced reporting burdens. We have taken advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than you might obtain from other public companies in which you hold equity interests.

We are also a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company’s recurring losses from operations and cash used in operations raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases effective January 1, 2022 due to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), using the modified retrospective approach.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Dallas, Texas

March 28, 2023

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2020.

F-1

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

ASSETS

Current assets:

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 8,537 10,499

Operating lease right-of-use assets 10,943 —

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 18,287 29,983

Build-to-suit lease liability — 25,900

Operating lease liability, net of current portion 20,440 —

Other non-current liabilities 4,130 3,735

Commitments and contingencies - Note 11

Stockholders' equity

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 126,276 $ 213,956

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-2

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

For the YearEnded December 31,

Operating expenses:

Impairment of long-lived assets 36,420 —

Other income (expense):

Other expense (18 ) —

Total other expense, net (3,567 ) (1,256 )

Net loss per common share, basic and diluted $ (3.78 ) $ (4.64 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

F-3

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except share data)

Additional Total

Common Stock Paid-in Accumulated Stockholders'

Shares Amount Capital Deficit Equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

F-4

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

For the YearEnded December 31,

Cash flows from operating activities

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

Research and development license expense 1,250 9,750

Impairment of long-lived assets 36,420 —

Non-cash lease expense 1,315 —

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Prepaid expenses and other assets 2,088 (3,361 )

Accrued expenses and other liabilities (9,323 ) 17,542

Due to related party — (8 )

Net cash used in operating activities (88,390 ) (117,042 )

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of research and development license (4,250 ) (6,250 )

Purchase of property, plant and equipment (20,619 ) (15,304 )

Other (61 ) —

Net cash used in investing activities (24,930 ) (21,554 )

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from Term Loan, net — 39,957

Payment of shelf registration costs (358 ) (360 )

Proceeds from common stock issuances under ESPP 253 —

Net cash provided by financing activities 52,097 39,083

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (61,223 ) (99,513 )

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Cash paid for interest $ 2,775 $ 641

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment funded by landlord — 606

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities 23,432 —

Offering costs not yet paid 387 141

Purchase of research and development license not yet paid — 3,500

Build-to-suit lease liability — 26,250

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1—Organization and Description of Business Operations

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc. (the “Company” or “Taysha”) was originally formed under the laws of the State of Texas on September 20, 2019 (“Inception”). Taysha converted to a Delaware corporation on February 13, 2020, which had no impact to the Company’s par value or issued and authorized capital structure.

Taysha is a patient-centric gene therapy company focused on developing and commercializing AAV-based gene therapies for the treatment of monogenic diseases of the central nervous system in both rare and large patient populations.

Sales Agreement

On October 5, 2021, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with SVB Securities LLC (f/k/a SVB Leerink LLC) and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (collectively, the “Sales Agents”), pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell, from time to time in its sole discretion, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $150.0 million through the Sales Agents. In March 2022, the Company amended the Sales Agreement to, among other things, include Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC as an additional Sales Agent. The Sales Agents may sell common stock by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at-the-market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, including sales made directly on or through the Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other existing trade market for the common stock, in negotiated transactions at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to prevailing market prices, or any other method permitted by law. The Sales Agents are entitled to receive 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of common stock sold under the Sales Agreement. In April 2022, the Company sold 2,000,000 shares of common stock under the Sales Agreement and received $11.6 million in net proceeds. No other shares of common stock have been issued and sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement as of December 31, 2022.

Liquidity and Going Concern

In October 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) and an option agreement (the “Option Agreement,” together with the Securities Purchase Agreement, the “Astellas Transactions”) with Audentes Therapeutics, Inc. (d/b/a Astellas Gene Therapy) (“Astellas”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell 7,266,342 shares of its common stock for aggregate proceeds of $30.0 million and received a one-time payment in the amount of $20.0 million (the “Upfront Payment”), respectively, for total gross proceeds of $50.0 million. See Note 6 for additional information.

Also in October 2022, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (the "Underwriter”) to issue and sell 14,000,000 shares of common stock at a price to the public of $2.00 per share. The Underwriter exercised its option to purchase an additional 765,226 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $1.88 per share. The net proceeds from the offering were $27.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

The Company has incurred operating losses since Inception and expects to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $401.4 million and cash and cash equivalents of $87.9 million. Losses are expected to continue as the Company continues to invest in its research and development activities. Management believes that there is presently insufficient funding available to allow the Company to fund its currently planned research and discovery programs for a period exceeding one year from the date of this filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These conditions and events raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

In response to these conditions and to meet the Company’s capital requirements, management plans to use its current cash on hand and some combination of the following: (i) dilutive and/or non-dilutive financings, (ii) out-licensing or strategic alliances/collaborations, and (iii) out-licensing or sale of its non-core assets. If the Company raises additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, business development or licensing arrangements with third parties, the Company might have to relinquish valuable rights to its technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates. However, these plans have not yet been finalized and are not within the Company’s control, and therefore cannot be deemed probable. As a result, the Company has concluded that management’s plans do not alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

F-6

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2—Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position for the periods presented.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Taysha and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Emerging Growth Company

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB, or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended, the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates and assumptions in the Company’s financial statements relate to the determination of the fair value of the common stock prior to the IPO (as an input into stock-based compensation), estimating manufacturing accruals and accrued or prepaid research and development expenses, the measurement of impairment of long-lived assets, and the allocation of consideration received in connection with the Astellas Transactions. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the recording of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and actual results, the Company’s future results of operations will be affected.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology industry, including, but not limited to, development by the Company or its competitors of technological innovations, risks of failure of clinical studies, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations, and ability to transition from preclinical manufacturing to commercial production of products.

The Company’s product candidates require approvals from the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales in their respective jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that any product candidates will receive the necessary approvals. If the Company was denied approval, approval was delayed or the Company was unable to maintain approval for any product candidate, it could have a materially adverse impact on the Company.

Segments

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business as a single operating segment, which is the business of developing AAV-based gene therapies for the treatment of rare monogenic diseases of the central nervous system.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any significant long-lived assets located outside of the United States.

F-7

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenues consist of activities in connection with the Astellas Transactions, including the exclusive option to license intellectual property and the performance of research and development activities. See Note 6 for additional information.

The Company evaluates the agreement to determine if the other party is a customer, and then determines the units of account within the agreement to determine which promised goods or services are distinct. In order for a promised good or service to be considered "distinct” under ASC 606, the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (i.e., the good or service is capable of being distinct), and the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (i.e., the promise to transfer the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).

For any units of account, that fall within the scope of ASC 606, where the other party is a customer, the Company (i) evaluates the separate performance obligation(s) under each contract, (ii) determines the transaction price, (iii) allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation considering the estimated standalone selling prices of the services and (iv) recognizes revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies the performance obligation(s).

At the inception of an arrangement that includes options for a customer to purchase additional services or products at agreed upon prices in the future, the Company evaluates whether each option provides a material right. An option that provides a material right will be accounted for as a separate performance obligation.

As part of the accounting for arrangements under ASC 606, the Company must use significant judgment to determine the performance obligations, the transaction price, and the standalone selling price (“SSP”) for each performance obligation identified in the contract for the allocation of the transaction price. The SSP is the price at which an entity would sell a promised good or service separately to a customer. Management estimates the SSP of each of the identified performance obligations, maximizing the use of observable inputs. Because the Company has not sold the same goods or services in its contracts separately to any customers on a standalone basis, the Company utilizes similar observable transactions in the marketplace or estimates the SSP of each performance obligation in its customer arrangements at contract inception based on either (1) its estimate of costs to be incurred to fulfill its obligations associated with the performance obligation, plus a reasonable margin, or (2) an estimate that reflects the discount that the customer would obtain when exercising its option adjusted for (i) any discount that the customer could receive without exercising the option and (ii) the likelihood that the option will be exercised. The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in proportion to its SSP.

A performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized when “control” of the promised good or service is transferred, either over time or at a point in time, to the customer. A customer obtains control of a good or service if it has the ability to (1) direct its use and (2) obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from it.

Amounts received prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria listed above are recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as current deferred revenue. Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the following 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue, net of current portion. The Company does not incur commission or other costs to fulfill customer contracts and as such, no capitalized contract costs are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of funds held in a standard checking account and standard savings account. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the Company had no cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of cash that the Company has placed in an escrow account which is pledged as collateral under certain lease agreements and letters of credit.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. Periodically, the Company may maintain deposits in financial institutions in excess of government insured limits. On March 10, 2023, the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation closed the Silicon Valley Bank, Santa Clara, California (“SVB”), and appointed the FDIC as receiver. On March 12, 2023, the Treasury Department announced that depositors of SVB will have access to all of their money starting March 13, 2023. On March 14, 2023, the Company regained access to the full amount of its cash that

F-8

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

was deposited with SVB. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk as the Company’s deposits are held at financial institutions that management continues to believe to be of high credit quality. The Company has not experienced any losses on these deposits.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are accounted for in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures which defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value and classifies those inputs into three levels:

Level 1—Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the instrument’s anticipated life.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

To the extent the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair values requires more judgement. Accordingly, the degree of judgement exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized as Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The carrying values reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items.

Deferred Offering Costs

The Company capitalizes costs directly associated with equity financings until such financings are consummated, at which time such costs are recorded in additional paid-in capital against the gross proceeds of the equity financings. Costs associated with the shelf registration statement on Form S-3, filed with the SEC on October 5, 2021 have been capitalized and will be reclassified to additional paid-in capital on a pro rata basis when the Company completes offerings under the shelf registration. At the end of the three-year term of the shelf registration, the remaining deferred offering costs, if any, will be charged to operations.

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment, net are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and consist of computer equipment, laboratory equipment and leasehold improvements. Directly identifiable payroll and payroll-related costs incurred in connection with the build-out of the Company’s cGMP manufacturing facility were capitalized into the cost basis of the asset to the extent that such costs had been incurred to bring the asset to the condition and location for its intended use. Depreciation expense is recognized using the straight-line method over its estimated useful life of three to seven years.

Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in loss from operations. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.

Leases

Effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASC 842, Leases using the modified retrospective approach and utilizing the effective dates as its date of initial application. As a result, prior periods are presented in accordance with the previous guidance in ASC 840, Leases.

At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present in the arrangement. Leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and short-term and long-term lease liabilities, as applicable.

Operating lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are initially recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected remaining lease term. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as incentives

F-9

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

received. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments, which reflects the fixed rate at which the Company could borrow on a collateralized basis the amount of the lease payments in the same currency, for a similar term, in a similar economic environment. To estimate its incremental borrowing rate, a credit rating applicable to the Company is estimated using a synthetic credit rating analysis since the Company does not currently have a rating agency-based credit rating.

The Company has elected not to recognize leases with an original term of one year or less on the balance sheet. The Company typically only includes an initial lease term in its assessment of a lease arrangement. Options to renew a lease are not included in the Company’s assessment unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew. Assumptions made by the Company at the commencement date are re-evaluated upon occurrence of certain events, including a lease modification. A lease modification results in a separate contract when the modification grants the lessee an additional right of use not included in the original lease and when lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price for the additional right of use. When a lease modification results in a separate contract, it is accounted for in the same manner as a new lease.

The Company has elected to account for lease and non-lease components together as a single lease component for all underlying assets.

Build-to-Suit Lease

In the Company’s lease arrangement in Durham, North Carolina (as described in Note 4), the Company was involved in the construction of the build-out. To the extent the Company is involved with the structural improvements of the construction project or takes construction risk prior to the commencement of a lease, accounting guidance ASC Topic 840, Leases, requires the Company to be considered the owner for accounting purposes of these types of projects during the construction period. In such cases, the Company records an asset in property, plant and equipment on its consolidated balance sheet equal to the fair value of the building shell, and a corresponding build-to-suit lease obligation on its consolidated balance sheet representing the amounts paid by the lessor. As part of its adoption of ASC 842, the Company de-recognized the building asset and corresponding financing obligation recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of January 1, 2022, in accordance with the ASC 842 transition guidance.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates its long-lived assets, which consist of property, plant and equipment as well as right-of-use assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. In November 2022, the Company decided not to continue the build-out of the North Carolina manufacturing facility, resulting in a change in use of this asset group. The Company performed an undiscounted cash flow analysis over the long-lived assets associated with the manufacturing facility and determined that the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable. Significant assumptions used to determine this non-recurring fair value measurement include the time to sublease the facility, the amount of sublease income expected to be generated over the remaining lease term, and the discount rate used to measure the present value of the net cash flows associated with this asset group. The impairment charge represented the entire amount of the asset group’s carrying amount as of the date of impairment. The Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $36.4 million (see Note 3) in connection with the North Carolina manufacturing facility which was allocated on a pro rata basis across the assets within the asset group. No impairment losses were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs are deferred and presented as a reduction to long-term debt. Debt issuance costs are amortized using the effective interest rate method over the term of the loan. Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs are included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Research and Development

The Company has entered into research and development contracts with research institutions and other companies. These agreements are generally cancelable, and related payments are recorded as research and development expenses as incurred. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual agreements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as prepaid or accrued expenses. The Company records accruals for estimated ongoing research costs. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrued liabilities, the Company analyzes progress of the studies, including the phase or completion of events, invoices received and contracted costs.

F-10

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Research and development costs primarily consist of payroll, stock-based compensation, certain manufacturing costs, laboratory costs and other supplies, and the cost to acquire license. Costs incurred in obtaining technology licenses through asset acquisitions are charged to research and development expense if the licensed technology has not reached technological feasibility and has no alternative future use. Payments of such upfront license fees and subsequent development milestones are included as investing cash outflows in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for all stock-based payments to employees and non-employees, including grants of stock options, restricted stock awards, or RSAs, and restricted stock units, or RSUs, based on their respective grant date fair values. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is affected principally by the estimated fair value of shares of the Company’s common stock and requires management to make a number of other assumptions, including the expected life of the option, the volatility of the underlying shares, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Expected volatility is based on the historical share volatility of a set of comparable publicly traded companies over a period of time equal to the expected term of the options. Due to the lack of historical exercise history, the expected term of the Company’s stock options is determined using the “simplified” method. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is zero based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Prior to September 23, 2020, the fair value of common stock underlying the Company’s stock options, RSAs and RSUs was estimated by the Company’s board of directors considering, among other things, contemporaneous valuations of the Company’s common stock prepared by unrelated third-party valuation firms. After the IPO, the fair value of common stock is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported on the date of the grant.

The RSAs and RSUs are valued based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Company expenses stock-based compensation related to stock options, RSAs and RSUs over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. Stock-based compensation costs are initially recorded in research and development expense or general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations in a manner consistent with the classification of the respective employee’s payroll costs. A portion of stock-based compensation expense that relates to employees who were directly involved in the buildout of the Company’s cGMP manufacturing facility have been capitalized into the cost basis of that asset to the extent that such costs were incurred to bring the asset to the condition and location for its intended use. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are recorded in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which provides for deferred taxes using an asset and liability approach. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse, and net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and research and development tax credit (“R&D Credit”) carryforwards. Valuation allowances are provided, if based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance to reduce its net deferred income tax assets to zero. In the event the Company were to determine that it would be able to realize some or all of its deferred income tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred income tax asset valuation allowance would increase income in the period such determination was made.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit would more likely than not be realized assuming examination by the taxing authority. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded increases in the amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits of $3.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would not affect the effective income tax rate due to the valuation allowance that currently offsets deferred tax assets. The Company does not expect the unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next 12 months. The Company would recognize any corresponding interest and penalties associated with its income tax positions in income tax expense. There was no income tax interest or penalties incurred for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is equal to net loss as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

F-11

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as amended, with guidance regarding the accounting for and disclosure of leases. This update requires lessees to recognize the liabilities related to all leases, including operating leases, with a term greater than 12 months on the balance sheets. This update also requires lessees and lessors to disclose key information about their leasing transactions.

Effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02 using the modified retrospective approach and utilizing the effective date as its date of initial application. As a result, prior periods are presented in accordance with the previous guidance in ASC 840. The Company elected the following practical expedients, which must be elected as a package and applied consistently to all of its leases at the transition date (including those for which the entity is a lessee or a lessor): i) the Company did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; ii) the Company did not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases (that is, all existing leases that were classified as operating leases in accordance with ASC 840 are classified as operating leases, and all existing leases that were classified as capital leases in accordance with ASC 840 are classified as finance leases); and iii) the Company did not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases. For leases that existed prior to the date of initial application of ASC 842 (which were previously classified as operating leases), a lessee may elect to use either the total lease term measured at lease inception under ASC 840 or the remaining lease term as of the date of initial application of ASC 842 in determining the period for which to measure its incremental borrowing rate. In transition to ASC 842, the Company utilized the remaining lease term of its leases in determining the appropriate incremental borrowing rates.

The adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities of $18.4 million and $19.1 million, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at adoption relating to its operating leases. The lease liabilities were determined based on the present value of the remaining minimum lease payments. Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company also (i) derecognized the build-to-suit lease asset of $26.3 million previously presented in property, plant and equipment, (ii) derecognized the build-to-suit lease liability of $26.5 million, and (iii) eliminated $0.7 million of deferred rent liabilities and tenant improvement allowances as of January 1, 2022 as these liabilities are reflected in the operating lease right-of-use assets. In adopting ASU 2016-02, the Company recorded a total one-time adjustment of $0.2 million to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2022 related to the de-recognition of the build-to-suit lease asset and related build-to-suit lease obligation. The adoption did not have a material impact on accumulated deficit and on the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2022. There is no impact to the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 because of the full valuation allowance position taken for deferred taxes.

Note 3—Supplemental Financial Information

Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

Accumulated depreciation (1,642 ) (499 )

Property, plant and equipment, net $ 14,963 $ 50,610

In November 2022, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $36.4million for the manufacturing facility asset group, of which $26.3 million relates to construction in progress and finance lease right-of-use assets. The impairment charge was estimated using a discounted cash flow model and recorded in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022. Included in construction in progress at December 31, 2021 was $45.8 million of costs associated with the Build-to-Suit lease (see Note 4),

F-12

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

which included $2.0 million of capitalized payroll and payroll-related costs. Property, plant and equipment, net includes $1.3 million of assets capitalized as finance leases as of December 31, 2022.

Depreciation expense was $1.2 million and $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Accrued research and development $ 8,190 $ 11,895

Accrued property, plant and equipment 2,081 2,644

Accrued severance 1,463 —

Lease liabilities, current portion 1,521 —

Accrued professional and consulting fees 390 1,091

Accrued license fees — 3,500

Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 18,287 $ 29,983

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

Prepaid research and development $ 4,840 $ 5,218

Deferred offering costs 724 545

Total prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 8,537 $ 10,499

Note 4— Leases

The Company leases certain office, laboratory, and manufacturing space.

Dallas Lease

On January 11, 2021, the Company entered into a lease agreement (the “Dallas Lease”) with Pegasus Park, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Dallas Landlord”), pursuant to which the Company will lease approximately 15,000 square feet of office space at 3000 Pegasus Park Drive, Dallas, Texas 75247 (the “Office Space”).

The Dallas Lease commenced on May 27, 2021, and has a term of approximately ten years. The Company has an option to extend the term of the Dallas Lease for one additional period of five years.

The Company has a right of first refusal with respect to certain additional adjacent office space before the Dallas Landlord accepts any offer for such space.

The Dallas Landlord has the right to terminate the Dallas Lease, or the Company’s right to possess the Office Space without terminating the Dallas Lease, upon specified events of default, including the Company’s failure to pay rent in a timely manner and upon the occurrence of certain events of insolvency with respect to the Company.

Dallas Lease Expansion

On December 14, 2021, the Company amended the Dallas Lease (the “Dallas Lease Amendment”) with the Dallas Landlord, pursuant to which the Company will lease approximately 18,000 square feet of office space adjacent to the Office Space at 3000 Pegasus Park Drive, Dallas, Texas 75247 (the “Expansion Premises”).

The Dallas Lease Amendment commenced on July 1, 2022, and has a term of approximately ten years.

F-13

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company is obligated to pay operating costs and utilities applicable to the Expansion Premises. Total future minimum lease payments under the Dallas Lease Amendment over the initial 10 year term are approximately $6.0 million. The Company will be responsible for costs of constructing interior improvements within the Expansion Premises that exceed a $40.00 per rentable square foot construction allowance provided by the Dallas Landlord.

The Company has a right of first refusal with respect to certain additional office space on the 15th floor at 3000 Pegasus Park Drive, Dallas, Texas 75247 before the Dallas Landlord accepts any offer for such space.

Durham Lease

On December 17, 2020, the Company entered into a lease agreement (the “Durham Lease”) with Patriot Park Partners II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Durham Landlord”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to lease approximately 187,500 square feet of a manufacturing facility located at 5 National Way, Durham, North Carolina (the “Facility”). The Durham Lease commenced on April 1, 2021 and is expected to have a term of approximately fifteen years and six months. The Company has two options to extend the term of the Durham Lease, each for a period of an additional five years.

The Company was not required to provide a security deposit in connection with its entry into the Durham Lease. The Company will be responsible for constructing interior improvements within the Facility. The Company was required to place $2.6 million in an escrow account which will be released when the improvements are substantially complete. The escrow funds are recorded as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. The Durham Landlord has the right to terminate the Durham Lease upon specified events of default, including the Company’s failure to pay rent in a timely manner and upon the occurrence of certain events of insolvency with respect to the Company.

In accordance with ASC Topic 840, Leases, the Company was deemed, for accounting purposes only, to be the owner of the entire leased Facility, including the building shell, during the construction period because of the Company’s level of direct financial and operational involvement in the substantial tenant improvements, including structural improvements, required to build out the Facility. As a result, the Company capitalized approximately $26.3 million as a build-to-suit asset within property, plant and equipment, net and recognized a corresponding build-to-suit lease financing obligation as a liability on its consolidated balance sheets equal to the fair value of the existing building shell using comparable market prices per square foot for similar space for public real estate transactions in the surrounding area at commencement of construction. Additionally, construction costs incurred as part of the build-out and tenant improvements were also capitalized within property, plant and equipment, net. Costs of approximately $45.8 million were capitalized during the year ended December 31, 2021, related to both equipment purchases and the build-out of the leased Facility. As part of its adoption of ASC 842, the Company de-recognized the building asset and corresponding financing obligation recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of January 1, 2022, in accordance with the ASC 842 transition guidance.

Summary of all lease costs recognized under ASC 842

The following table summarizes the lease costs recognized under ASC 842 and other information pertaining to the Company's operating leases for the year ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Operating lease cost $ 2,873

Variable lease cost 452

Total lease cost $ 3,325

Supplemental information related to the remaining lease term and discount rate are as follows:

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) - Finance leases 3.88

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) - Operating leases 11.45

Weighted average discount rate - Finance leases 10.51 %

Weighted average discount rate - Operating leases 7.72 %

F-14

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

For the year ended December 31, 2022

Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 2,486

As of December 31, 2022, future minimum commitments under ASC 842 under the Company's operating and finance leases were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31, Operating Finance

Lease liabilities, current 1,201 320

In 2021, the Company signed a lease agreement pursuant to which the Company will lease equipment to generate its supply of electricity, which has not yet commenced for accounting purposes as of December 31, 2022. This lease agreement provides for total remaining lease payments of $3.5 million over the 10-year lease term, which is not included in the maturity table above.

The following table summarizes aggregate lease commitments as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands) under ASC 840:

Year Ending December 31,

Total Lease Commitments $ 52,153

Note 5 – Loan with Silicon Valley Bank

On August 12, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”), by and among the Company, the lenders party thereto from time to time (the “Lenders”) and Silicon Valley Bank, as administrative agent and collateral agent for the Lenders (“Agent”). The Term Loan Agreement provides for (i) on the Closing Date, $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of term loans available through December 31, 2021, (ii) from January 1, 2022 until September 30, 2022, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available at the Company’s option upon having three distinct and active clinical stage programs, determined at the discretion of the Agent, at the time of draw, (iii) from October 1, 2022 until March 31, 2023, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available at the Company’s option upon having three distinct and active clinical stage programs, determined at the discretion of the Agent, at the time of draw and (iv) from April 1, 2023 until December 31, 2023, an additional $20.0 million term loan facility available upon approval by the Agent and the Lenders (collectively, the “Term Loans”). The Company drew $30.0 million in term loans on the Closing Date and $10.0 million in term loans in December 2021. The Company did not draw on the additional $20.0 million tranche prior to its expiration on September 30, 2022.

The interest rate applicable to the Term Loans is the greater of (a) the WSJ Prime Rate plus 3.75% or (b) 7.00% per annum. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate was 11.25%. The Term Loans are interest only from the Closing Date through August 31, 2024, after which the Company is required to pay equal monthly installments of principal through August 1, 2026, the maturity date.

F-15

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Term Loans could have been prepaid in full through August 12, 2022 with payment of a 2.00% prepayment premium, after which they may be prepaid in full through August 12, 2023 with payment of a 1.00% prepayment premium, after which they may be prepaid in full with no prepayment premium. An additional final payment of 7.5% of the amount of Terms Loans advanced by the Lenders (“Exit Fee”) will be due upon prepayment or repayment of the Term Loans in full. The Exit Fee of $3.0 million was recorded as debt discount and has also been fully accrued within non-current liabilities as of December 31, 2022. The debt discount is being accreted using the effective interest method over the term of the Term Loans within interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a perfected security interest in all of the Company’s assets except for intellectual property and certain other customarily excluded property pursuant to the terms of the Term Loan Agreement. There are no financial covenants and no warrants associated with the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan Agreement contains various covenants that limit the Company’s ability to engage in specified types of transactions without the consent of the Lenders which include, among others, incurring or assuming certain debt; merging, consolidating or acquiring all or substantially all of the capital stock or property of another entity; changing the nature of the Company’s business; changing the Company’s organizational structure or type; licensing, transferring or disposing of certain assets; granting certain types of liens on the Company’s assets; making certain investments; and paying cash dividends.

The Term Loan Agreement also contains customary representations and warranties, and also includes customary events of default, including payment default, breach of covenants, change of control, and material adverse effects. The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Term Loan Agreement as of December 31, 2022. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, a default interest rate of an additional 5% per annum may be applied to the outstanding loan balances, and the Lenders may declare all outstanding obligations immediately due and payable and exercise all of its rights and remedies as set forth in the Term Loan Agreement and under applicable law.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized interest expense related to the Term Loan of $3.7 million.

Future principal debt payments on the Term Loan Agreement as of December 31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,

Total principal payments 40,000

Unamortized debt discount (2,033 )

Note 6—Astellas Agreements

On October 21, 2022 (the “Effective Date”), the Company entered into the Option Agreement with Astellas, pursuant to which the Company granted to Astellas an exclusive option to obtain an exclusive, worldwide, royalty and milestone-bearing right and license (A) to research, develop, make, have made, use, sell, offer for sale, have sold, import, export and otherwise exploit, or, collectively, exploit, the product known, as of the Effective Date, as TSHA-120 (the “120 GAN Product”), and any backup products with respect thereto for use in the treatment of GAN or any other gene therapy product for use in the treatment of GAN that is controlled by Taysha or any of its affiliates or with respect to which the Company or any of its affiliates controls intellectual property rights covering the exploitation thereof, or a GAN Product, and (B) under any intellectual property rights controlled by Taysha or any of its affiliates with respect to such exploitation (the “GAN Option”). Subject to certain extensions, the GAN Option is exercisable from the Effective Date through a specified period of time following Astellas’ receipt of (i) the formal minutes from the Type B end-of-Phase 2 meeting between Taysha and the FDA in response to the Company’s meeting request sent to the FDA on September 19, 2022 for the 120 GAN Product (the “Type B end-of-Phase 2 Meeting”), (ii) all written feedback from the FDA with respect to the Type B end-of-Phase 2 Meeting, and (iii) all briefing documents sent by Taysha to the FDA with respect to the Type B end-of-Phase 2 Meeting.

Under the Option Agreement, the Company also granted to Astellas an exclusive option to obtain an exclusive, worldwide, royalty and milestone-bearing right and license (A) to exploit any Rett Product (as defined below), and (B) under any intellectual property rights controlled by Taysha or any of its affiliates with respect to such exploitation (the “Rett Option,” and together with the GAN Option, each, an “Option”). Subject to certain extensions, the Rett Option is exercisable from the Effective Date through a specified period of time following Astellas’ receipt of (i) certain clinical data from the female pediatric trial and (ii) certain specified data with respect to TSHA-102, such period, the Rett Option Period, related to (i) the product known, as of the Effective Date, as TSHA-102 and any backup products with respect thereto for use in the treatment of Rett syndrome, and (ii) any other gene therapy product for use in the treatment of Rett syndrome that is controlled by Taysha or any of its affiliates or with respect to which the Company or any of its affiliates controls intellectual property rights covering the exploitation thereof (a “Rett Product”).

F-16

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The parties have agreed that, if Astellas exercises an Option, the parties will, for a specified period, negotiate a license agreement in good faith on the terms and conditions outlined in the Option Agreement, including payments by Astellas of a to be determined upfront payment, certain to be determined milestone payments, and certain to be determined royalties on net sales of GAN Products and/or Rett Products, as applicable.

During the Rett Option Period, the Company has agreed to (A) not solicit or encourage any inquiries, offers or proposals for, or that could reasonably be expected to lead to, a Change of Control (as defined in the Option Agreement), or (B) otherwise initiate a process for a potential Change of Control, in each case, without first notifying Astellas and offering Astellas the opportunity to submit an offer or proposal to the Company for a transaction that would result in a Change of Control. If Astellas fails or declines to submit any such offer within a specified period after the receipt of such notice, the Company will have the ability to solicit third party bids for a Change of Control transaction. If Astellas delivers an offer to the Company for a transaction that would result in a Change of Control, the Company and Astellas will attempt to negotiate in good faith the potential terms and conditions for such potential transaction that would result in a Change of Control for a specified period, which period may be shortened or extended by mutual agreement.

As partial consideration for the rights granted to Astellas under the Option Agreement, Astellas paid the Company the Upfront Payment, which is $20.0 million. Astellas or any of its affiliates shall have the right, in its or their discretion and upon written notice to the Company, to offset the amount of the Upfront Payment (in whole or in part, until the full amount of the Upfront Payment has been offset) against (a) any payment(s) owed to Taysha or any of its affiliates (or to any third party on behalf of the Company) under or in connection with any license agreement entered into with respect to any GAN Product or Rett Product, including, any upfront payment, milestone payment or royalties owed to Taysha or any of its affiliates (or to any third party on behalf of the Company) under or in connection with any such license agreement or (b) any amount owed to Taysha or any of its affiliates in connection with a Change of Control transaction with Astellas or any of its affiliates. As further consideration for the rights granted to Astellas under the Option Agreement, the Company and Astellas also entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement.

Securities Purchase Agreement

On October 21, 2022, the Company entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement with Astellas, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to Astellas in a private placement (the “Private Placement”), an aggregate of 7,266,342 shares (the “Private Placement Shares”), of its common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $30.0 million. The Private Placement closed on October 24, 2022. Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, in connection with the Private Placement, Astellas has the right to designate one individual to attend all meetings of the Board in a non-voting observer capacity. The Company also granted Astellas certain registration rights with respect to the Private Placement Shares.

Accounting Treatment

In October 2022, upon closing of the Private Placement and transferring the 7,266,342 shares to Astellas, the Company recorded the issuance of shares at fair value. Fair value of the shares transferred to Astellas was calculated in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement by analyzing the Company's stock price for a short period of time prior to and after the transaction date as traded on the NASDAQ. The NASDAQ trading data is considered an active market and a Level 1 measurement under ASC 820. The fair value was determined to be approximately $13.95 million or $1.92 per share. The $16.1 million difference between the $30.0 million paid by Astellas and the fair market value of shares issued was allocated to the transaction price of the Option Agreement.

The Company determined that the Option Agreement falls within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers as the development of TSHA-102 for the treatment of Rett Syndrome and TSHA-120 for the treatment of GAN are considered ordinary activities for the Company. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company evaluated the Option Agreement and identified three separate performance obligations: (1) option to obtain licensing right to GAN, (2) option to obtain licensing right to Rett and (3) performance of research and development activities in the Rett development plan. The transaction price is determined to be $36.1 million which is comprised of the $20.0 million Upfront Payment and the $16.1 million allocated from the Private Placement.

To determine the standalone selling price ("SSP") of the Rett and GAN options, which the Company concluded to be material rights, the Company utilized the probability-weighted expected return (PWERM) method. The PWERM method contemplates the probability and timing of an option exercise. At contract inception, the Company estimated that the probability of exercise was 50% for each of the GAN and Rett options. The SSP of the Rett research and development activities was estimated using an expected cost plus margin approach. The standalone selling prices of the material rights and Rett research and development activities were then used to proportionately allocate the $36.1 million transaction price to the three performance obligations. The $36.1 million transaction price was recorded as deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheet at the inception of the Astellas Transactions.

The following table summarizes the allocation of the transaction price to the three performance obligations at contract inception:

F-17

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Transaction Price Allocation

Option to obtain license for Rett $ 5,485

Option to obtain license for GAN 2,317

Rett research and development activities 28,257

Revenue allocated to the material rights will be recognized at a point in time when each option period expires or when a decision is made by Astellas to exercise or not exercise each option. Revenue from the Rett research and development activities will be recognized as activities are performed using an input method, according to the costs incurred as related to the total costs expected to be incurred to satisfy the performance obligation. The transfer of control occurs over this time period and is a reliable measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation. Research and development services related to this performance obligation are expected to be completed by the end of 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, there were no significant changes to the total estimated costs to be incurred to satisfy the performance obligation associated with the Rett research and development activities.

The Company recognized revenue of $2.5 million from Rett research and development activities for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company had $33.6 million of deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. The Company will recognize revenues for these performance obligations as they are satisfied, which for the Rett research and development activities is expected to occur over a period of 1.0 year from December 31, 2022.

Note 7—Research, Collaboration, Grant and License Agreements

UT Southwestern Agreement

On November 19, 2019, the Company entered into a research, collaboration and license agreement (“UT Southwestern Agreement”) with the Board of Regents of the University of Texas System on behalf of The University of Southwestern Medical Center (“UT Southwestern”). Under the UT Southwestern Agreement, UT Southwestern is primarily responsible for preclinical development activities with respect to licensed products for use in certain specified indications (up to IND-enabling studies), and the Company is responsible for all subsequent clinical development and commercialization activities with respect to the licensed products. UT Southwestern will conduct such preclinical activities for a two-year period under mutually agreed upon sponsored research agreements that were entered into beginning in April 2020. During the initial research phase, the Company has the right to expand the scope of specified indications under the UT Southwestern Agreement.

In connection with the UT Southwestern Agreement, the Company obtained an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain patent rights of UT Southwestern and a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain know-how of UT Southwestern, in each case to make, have made, use, sell, offer for sale and import licensed products for use in certain specified indications. Additionally, the Company obtained a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license under certain patents and know-how of UT Southwestern for use in all human uses, with a right of first refusal to obtain an exclusive license under certain of such patent rights and an option to negotiate an exclusive license under other of such patent rights. The Company is required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize at least one licensed product.

On April 2, 2020, the Company amended the UT Southwestern Agreement to include the addition of another licensed product and certain indications, and a right of first refusal to the Company over certain patient dosing patents. No additional consideration was transferred in connection with this amendment. In March 2022, the Company and UT Southwestern mutually agreed to revise the payment schedules and current performance expectations of the current sponsored research agreements under the UT Southwestern Agreement and defer payments by fifteen months.

The UT Southwestern Agreement expires on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis upon the expiration of the last valid claim of a licensed patent in such country for such licensed product. After the initial research term, the Company may terminate the agreement, on an indication-by-indication and licensed product-by-licensed product basis, at any time upon specified written notice to UT Southwestern. Either party may terminate the agreement upon an uncured material breach of the agreement or insolvency of the other party.

In November 2019, as partial consideration for the license rights granted under the UT Southwestern Agreement, the Company issued 2,179,000 shares of its common stock, or 20% of its then outstanding fully-diluted common stock, to UT Southwestern. The Company does not have any future milestone or royalty obligations to UT Southwestern under the UT Southwestern Agreement other than costs related to maintenance of patents.

F-18

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Queen’s Agreement

On February 21, 2020, the Company entered into a license agreement with Queen’s (the “Queen’s Agreement”) to obtain the exclusive perpetual, royalty-bearing license, with the right to sublicense through multiple tiers, under certain patent rights and know-how of Queen’s, including certain improvements to such patent rights and know-how, to develop products in any field which use one or more valid claims of the patents licensed under the Queen’s Agreement (the “Licensed Patents”), or the technology, information and intellectual property related to the patents licensed under the Queen’s Agreement (together with the Licensed Patents, the “Licensed Products”), and to make, have made, use, sell, offer for sale, import and export Licensed Products and otherwise exploit such patents and know-how for use in certain specified indications. In exchange for the rights granted to the Company, the Company made a cash payment of $3.0 million in April 2020 which is recorded in research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations since the acquired license does not have an alternative future use. The Company is obligated to make aggregate cash payments of up to $10.0 million upon the completion of a combination of regulatory milestones and up to $10.0 million upon the completion of a combination of commercial milestones. In further consideration of the rights granted, beginning with the Company’s first commercial sale of the Licensed Products, the Company will also pay an annual earned royalty in the low single digits on net sales of Licensed Products, subject to certain customary reductions, and a percentage of non-royalty sublicensing revenue ranging in the low double digits. Royalties are payable, on a Licensed Products-by-Licensed Products and a country-by-country basis, until expiration of the last valid claim of a Licensed Patent covering such Licensed Products in such country and the expiration of any regulatory exclusivity for such Licensed Products in such country.

No additional milestone payments were made in connection with the Queen’s Agreement during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Abeona CLN1 Agreements

In August 2020, the Company entered into license and inventory purchase agreements with Abeona Therapeutics Inc. (“Abeona”) for worldwide exclusive rights to certain intellectual property rights and know-how relating to the research, development and manufacture of ABO-202, an AAV-based gene therapy for CLN1 disease (also known as infantile Batten disease). Under the terms of the agreements, the Company made initial cash payments to Abeona of $3.0 million for the license fee and $4.0 million for purchase of clinical materials and reimbursement for previously incurred development costs in October 2020. In exchange for the license rights, the Company recorded an aggregate of $7.0 million within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 since the acquired license or acquired inventory do not have an alternative future use. The Company is obligated to make up to $26.0 million in regulatory-related milestones and up to $30.0 million in sales-related milestones per licensed CLN1 product. The Company will also pay an annual earned royalty in the high single digits on net sales of any licensed CLN1 products. The license agreement expires on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis upon the expiration of the last royalty term of a licensed product. Either party may terminate the agreement upon an uncured material breach of the agreement or insolvency of the other party. The Company may terminate the license agreement for convenience upon specified prior written notice to Abeona.

In December 2021, a regulatory milestone was triggered in connection with this agreement and therefore the Company recorded $3.0 million within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. The milestone fee was paid in January 2022 and classified as an investing cash outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022. No additional milestone payments were triggered in connection with this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Abeona Rett Agreement

On October 29, 2020, the Company entered into a license agreement (the “Abeona Rett Agreement”) with Abeona pursuant to which the Company obtained an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license, with the right to grant sublicenses under certain patents, know-how and materials originally developed by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Edinburgh and Abeona to research, develop, manufacture, have manufactured, use, and commercialize licensed products for gene therapy and the use of related transgenes for Rett syndrome.

Subject to certain obligations of Abeona, the Company is required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop at least one licensed product and commercialize at least one licensed product in the United States.

In connection with the Abeona Rett Agreement, the Company paid Abeona a one-time upfront license fee of $3.0 million which is recorded in research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 since the acquired license does not have an alternative future use. The Company is obligated to pay Abeona up to $26.5 million in regulatory-related milestones and up to $30.0 million in sales-related milestones per licensed Rett product and high single-digit royalties on net sales of licensed Rett products. Royalties are payable on a licensed product-by-licensed product and country-by-country basis until the latest of the expiration or revocation or complete rejection of the last licensed patent covering such licensed product in the country where the licensed

F-19

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

product is sold, the loss of market exclusivity in such country where the product is sold, or, if no licensed product exists in such country and no market exclusivity exists in such country, ten years from first commercial sale of such licensed product in such country.

The Abeona Rett Agreement expires on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis upon the expiration of the last royalty term of a licensed product. Either party may terminate the agreement upon an uncured material breach of the agreement or insolvency of the other party. The Company may terminate the agreement for convenience upon specified prior written notice to Abeona.

In March 2022, the Company’s CTA filing for TSHA-102 for the treatment of Rett Syndrome was approved by Health Canada and therefore triggered a regulatory milestone payment in connection with this agreement. The Company recorded $1.0 million within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022. The $1.0 million regulatory milestone fee was paid in July 2022 and classified as an investing cash outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Acquisition of Worldwide Rights for TSHA-120 for the treatment of GAN

In March 2021, the Company acquired the exclusive worldwide rights to a clinical-stage AAV9 gene therapy program, now known as TSHA-120, for the treatment of Giant Axonal Neuropathy (“GAN”) pursuant to a license agreement with Hannah’s Hope Fund (“HHF”) for Giant Axonal Neuropathy, Inc. TSHA-120 is an intrathecally dosed AAV9 gene therapy currently being evaluated in a clinical trial for the treatment of GAN. Under the terms of the agreement, in exchange for granting the Company the exclusive worldwide rights to TSHA-120, HHF received an upfront payment of $5.5 million and will be eligible to receive clinical, regulatory and commercial milestones totaling up to $19.3 million, as well as a low, single-digit royalty on net sales upon commercialization of the product.

In exchange for the license rights, the Company recorded an aggregate of $5.5 million within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended March 31, 2021, since the acquired license does not have an alternative future use. This license fee was paid in April 2021 and has been classified as an investing outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 30, 2021. No additional milestone payments were made in connection with this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2022.

License Agreement for CLN7

In March 2022, the Company entered into a license agreement with UT Southwestern (the “CLN7 Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company obtained an exclusive worldwide, royalty-bearing license with right to grant sublicenses to develop, manufacture, use, and commercialize licensed products for gene therapy for CLN7, a form of Batten Disease. In connection with the CLN7 Agreement, the Company paid a one-time upfront license fee of $0.3 million. The Company recorded the upfront license fee in research and development expense in the consolidated statements of operations since the acquired license does not have an alternative future use. The upfront license fee was classified as an investing cash outflow in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company is obligated to pay UT Southwestern up to $7.7 million in regulatory-related milestones and up to $7.5 million in sales-related milestones, as well as a low, single-digit royalty on net sales upon commercialization of the product. No additional milestone payments were made in connection with this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Note 8—Stock-Based Compensation

On July 1, 2020, the Company’s board of directors approved the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“Existing Plan”) which permits the granting of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSAs, RSUs and other stock-based awards to employees, directors, officers and consultants. On September 16, 2020, the approval date of the New Plan (as defined below), no additional awards will be granted under the Existing Plan. The terms of the Existing Plan will continue to govern the terms of outstanding equity awards that were granted prior to approval of the New Plan.

On September 16, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (“New Plan”), which became effective upon the execution of the underwriting agreement in connection with the IPO. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the New Plan automatically increases on January 1 of each year, for a period of ten years, from January 1, 2021 continuing through January 1, 2030, by 5% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or a lesser number of shares as may be determined by the Company’s board of directors. On January 1, 2023, the Company’s board of directors increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the New Plan by 3,160,375 shares.

Furthermore, on September 16, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), which became effective upon the execution of the underwriting agreement in connection with the IPO. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the ESPP will not exceed 362,000 shares of common stock, plus the number of shares of common stock that are automatically added on January 1 of each year for a period of up to ten years, commencing on the first January 1 following the IPO and ending on (and including) January 1, 2030, in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the total number of shares of capital stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, and (ii) 724,000 shares of common stock.No shares were added to the

F-20

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

ESPP in 2021. On January 1, 2022 and 2023, the Company’s board of directors increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP by 384,739 and 632,075 respectively. The Company has issued 73,073 shares of common stock under the ESPP as of December 31, 2022.

The number of shares available for grant under the Company's incentive plans were as follows:

Existing New

Plan Plan Total

Stock Options

On July 1, 2020, options to purchase 2,896,782 shares of common stock under the Existing Plan were awarded to certain employees and consultants of the Company with an exercise price per share of $0.80, which were expected to vest over a four-year period, all of which were subsequently cancelled (the “Cancelled Options”). The grant date fair value of the Cancelled Options was $13.8 million at the original grant date. In exchange, the Company awarded 2,518,932 RSUs on September 2, 2020, which are expected to vest over a four-year term. The Company accounted for the changes in award terms as a modification in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation. The modification was accounted for as an exchange of the original award for a new award with total compensation cost equal to the grant-date fair value of the original award plus any incremental value measured on the modification date. The Company determined that there was no incremental value as the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification was greater than the fair value of the new award immediately after the modification. Accordingly, the Company continues to recognize the remaining compensation cost of the Cancelled Options over the vesting period of the RSUs.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, options to purchase 4,775,676 shares of common stock under the New Plan were awarded with a weighted-average grant date fair value per share of $3.07. The stock options vest over one to four years and have a ten-year contractual term.

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Year Ended December 31,

Risk-free interest rate 2.95 % 0.84 %

Expected dividend yield — —

Expected term (in years) 6.1 6.0

Expected volatility 78 % 75 %

F-21

Taysha Gene Therapies, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Weighted

TSHA US Equity

TSHA · 10-K · period ended 2022-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

TSHA US Equity☆

TSHA · 10-K · period ended 2022-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

TSHA US Equity