Item7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
COVID-19
As was discussed under Item 1A "Risk Factors" above, COVID-19 and the resulting pandemic continues to impact the local, state, national and global economies. Supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and inflation have supplanted quarantines and government restrictions as the primary examples of matters impacting economic conditions. Significant progress was made in distributing and administering vaccines to the public through September 30, 2021, which has allowed a return to mostly normal operating conditions. Most restrictions implemented as a result of the pandemic have been eased, including Virginia’s state of emergency, allowing for increased business, recreational and travel activities. Natural gas consumption by the Company’s commercial customers has largely returned to pre-pandemic levels. However, the easing of restrictions and the existence of variant strains of COVID-19 may lead to a rise in infections, which could result in the reinstatement of some or all of the restrictions previously in place. Management continues to monitor current conditions to ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to maintain the safety of the Company's employees.
See the Regulatory section below for information regarding the service disconnection moratorium, CARES Act and ARPA funds.
The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact the Company depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the increase or reduction in governmental restrictions to businesses and individuals, the potential resurgence of the virus, including variants, as well as efficacy of the vaccines.
Cyber Risk
Cyber attacks are a constant threat to businesses and individuals. The Company remains focused on these threats and is committed to safeguarding its information technology systems. These systems contain confidential customer, vendor and employee information as well as important operational financial data. There is risk associated with unauthorized access of this information with a malicious intent to corrupt data, cause operational disruptions or compromise information. Management continuously monitors access to these systems and believes it has security measures in place to protect these systems from cyber attacks and similar incidents; however, there can be no guarantee that an incident will not occur. In the event of a cyber incident, the Company will execute its Security Incident Response Plan. The Company maintains cyber insurance to mitigate financial costs that may result from a cyber incident.
Overview
Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the regulated sale and distribution of natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Roanoke, Virginia, and the surrounding localities, through its Roanoke Gas subsidiary. Roanoke Gas also provides certain unregulated services. As a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources, Midstream is a more than 1% investor in the MVP and a less than 1% investor in Southgate. More information regarding the investment in MVP is provided under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.
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The utility operations of Roanoke Gas are regulated by the SCC, which oversees the terms, conditions and rates charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service and depreciation. Nearly all of the Company’s revenues, excluding equity in earnings of MVP, are derived from the sale and delivery of natural gas to Roanoke Gas customers based on rates authorized by the SCC. These rates are designed to provide the Company with the opportunity to recover its gas and non-gas expenses and to earn a reasonable rate of return for shareholders based on normal weather.
The Company is also subject to federal regulation from the Department of Transportation in regard to the construction, operation, maintenance, safety and integrity of its transmission and distribution pipelines. FERC regulates the prices for the transportation and delivery of natural gas to the Company's distribution system and underground storage services. In addition, Roanoke Gas is subject to other regulations which are not necessarily industry specific.
On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate application requesting an annual increase in customer non-gas base rates. Roanoke Gas implemented the interim non-gas rates contained in its rate application for natural gas service rendered to customers on or after January 1, 2019. On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application, granting Roanoke Gas an annualized increase in non-gas base rates of $7.25 million and an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.44%. As a result, the Company refunded $3.8 million to its customers in March 2020, representing the excess revenues collected plus interest for the difference between the final approved rates and the interim rates billed since January 1, 2019. The order also directed the Company to write-off $317,000 of ESAC assets that were not subject to recovery under the final order.
As the Company’s business is seasonal in nature, volatility in winter weather and the commodity price of natural gas, can impact the effectiveness of the Company’s rates in recovering its costs and providing a reasonable return for its shareholders. In order to mitigate the effect of weather variations and other factors not provided for in the Company's base rates, Roanoke Gas has certain approved rate mechanisms in place that help provide stability in earnings, adjust for volatility in the price of natural gas and provide a return on qualified infrastructure investment. These mechanisms include the SAVE Rider, WNA, ICC and PGA.
The Company’s non-gas base rates provide for the recovery of non-gas related expenses and a reasonable return to shareholders. These rates are determined based on the filing of a formal non-gas rate application with the SCC. Generally, investments related to extending service to new customers are recovered through the additional revenues generated by the non-gas base rates currently in place. The investment in replacing and upgrading existing infrastructure is generally not recoverable until a formal rate application is filed to include the additional investment, and new non-gas base rates are approved. The SAVE Rider provides the Company with a mechanism through which it recovers the cost related to SAVE qualified infrastructure investments on a prospective basis, until a formal rate application is filed to incorporate the recovery of these costs in non-gas rates. The SAVE Plan and Rider were reset effective January 1, 2019, when the recovery of all prior SAVE Plan investment was incorporated into the current non-gas rates. Accordingly, SAVE Plan revenues increased to $2,487,000 in fiscal 2021 from $1,272,000 in fiscal 2020. The current SAVE Plan is focused on replacing first generation, pre-1973 plastic pipe and other qualifying infrastructures projects. Additional information regarding the SAVE Plan and Rider is provided under the Regulatory section.
The WNA model reduces the volatility in earnings due to the variability in temperatures during the heating season. The WNA is based on the most recent 30-year temperature average and provides the Company with a level of earnings protection when weather is warmer than normal and provides its customers with price protection when the weather is colder than normal. The WNA allows the Company to recover from its customers the lost margin (excluding gas costs) from the impact of weather that is warmer than normal and correspondingly requires the Company to refund the excess margin earned for weather that is colder than normal. Any billings or refunds related to the WNA are completed following each WNA year, which runs from April to March. The Company recorded approximately $1,196,000 and $1,193,000 in additional revenue from the WNA for weather that was approximately 8% warmer than normal for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. The number of heating degree days used to determine normal will change annually as a new year is added to the 30-year period and the oldest year is removed. As a result of adding recent warmer than normal years to replace historical colder years, the number of heating degree days that defines normal has declined over the last several years.
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The Company also has an approved rate structure in place that mitigates the impact of financing costs of its natural gas inventory. Under this rate structure, Roanoke Gas recognizes revenue by applying the ICC factor, based on the Company’s weighted-average cost of capital, including interest rates on short-term and long-term debt, and the Company’s authorized return on equity, to the average cost of natural gas inventory. Total ICC revenues were $396,000 and $389,000 for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Average inventory balances varied modestly between periods; however, rising natural gas commodity prices near the end of the current fiscal year may lead to higher ICC revenues in fiscal 2022.
The cost of natural gas is a pass-through cost and is independent of the non-gas rates of the Company. Accordingly, the Company's approved billing rates include a component designed to allow for the recovery of the cost of natural gas used by its customers. This rate component, referred to as the PGA, allows the Company to pass along to its customers increases and decreases in natural gas costs based on a quarterly filing, or more frequent if necessary, with the SCC. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company will either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. The difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the annual deferral period, the balance is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer billings.
Roanoke Gas is required to submit an Annual Information Filing ("AIF") each year to the SCC. Included as part of this filing is an earnings test, which is required when the Company has certain regulatory assets. If the results of the earnings test indicate that the Company's regulatory earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, then certain regulatory assets are written-down and recovery accelerated to the point where the actual return for the period adjusts to the mid-point of the range. The Company conducted preliminary earnings tests for fiscal 2021 and 2020 in preparation for the AIF filings in January of the subsequent years. As a result of the preliminary earnings tests, Roanoke Gas expensed $217,000 in deferred COVID costs incurred during fiscal 2021, and fully amortized the remaining $525,000 balance of ESAC assets in fiscal 2020.
Inflation and Rising Prices
Natural gas commodity, delivery and storage capacity costs comprise the single largest expense of the Company representing nearly 58% of fiscal 2021 total operating expenses. Natural gas commodity prices have steadily increased through fiscal 2021 and natural gas futures for the upcoming winter heating season are double September prices. Several factors have contributed to rising natural gas prices including lack of interstate pipeline development, demand rebounding as activity returns to pre-pandemic levels, lower inventory storage levels, increased demand for cleaner energy and lagging production from suppliers. Roanoke Gas can recover rising natural gas costs through the PGA mechanism as noted above; however, in times of rapidly increasing costs, the timing of recovery may lag. Increasing natural gas prices, especially in relation to other energy options, may lead to reductions in energy consumption through customer conservation or fuel switching in addition to the potential for rising bad debts related to customers inability to pay higher natural gas bills.
Inflation affects the Company through increases in non-gas expenses such as labor costs, employee benefits, materials and supplies, contracted services and corporate insurance, among other areas. As the country emerges from the pandemic, issues such as supply chain delays, labor shortages and limited availability of key or critical supplies have put upward pressure on several categories of the Company's non-gas expenses. The Company recovers non-gas related costs through the non-gas portion of its tariff rates, which are adjusted through a non-gas rate application. Unlike the rate adjustments for the gas portion of rates which are done administratively, the non-gas rate application results in an inherent lag in non-gas expense recovery. Therefore, authorized non-gas rates may not keep pace with the rising costs during inflationary periods. Management must regularly evaluate the Company's operations, economic conditions and other factors to assess the need to apply for a non-gas rate adjustment.
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Results of Operations
The analysis on the results of operations is based on the consolidated operations of the Company, which is primarily associated with the utility segment. Additional segment analysis is provided in areas where Midstream's investment in affiliates represents a significant component of the comparison.
The Company's operating revenues are affected by the cost of natural gas, as reflected in the consolidated income statement under the line item cost of gas - utility. The cost of natural gas is passed through to customers at cost, which includes commodity price, transportation, storage, injection and withdrawal fees with any increase or decrease offset by a correlating change in revenue through the PGA. Accordingly, management believes that gross utility margin, a non-GAAP financial measure defined as utility revenues less cost of gas, is a more useful and relevant measure to analyze financial performance. The term gross utility margin is not intended to represent or replace operating income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, as an indicator of operating performance and is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The following results of operations analyses will reference gross utility margin.
Fiscal Year 2021 Compared with Fiscal Year 2020
The table below reflects operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree days.
Operating Revenues
Year Ended September 30, 2021 2020 Increase / (Decrease) Percentage
Delivered Volumes
Year Ended September 30, 2021 2020 Increase / (Decrease) Percentage
Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)
Total gas utility operating revenues for the year ended September 30, 2021 increased by 20% from the year ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to higher natural gas commodity prices and pipeline storage fees, higher residential and commercial volumes and an increase in SAVE revenues, partially offset by lower transportation and interruptible volumes. Rising natural gas commodity prices combined with higher transportation fees implemented by the Company's pipeline suppliers have resulted in a 41% per dth increase in the commodity component of revenue and a 38% per dth increase in the demand (pipeline and storage fees) component of revenue. These higher gas costs are passed on to customers through the PGA mechanism. The mostly weather sensitive residential and commercial natural gas deliveries increased by 6% on nearly the same number of heating degree days. The higher deliveries reflect the increased demand for natural gas as economic conditions continue to improve and the economy emerges from last year's pandemic. SAVE Plan revenues increased by $1,215,000 due to the ongoing investment in qualified SAVE infrastructure projects. Transportation and interruptible volumes, primarily driven by business activity rather than weather, declined by 20% due to a single multi-fuel customer that switched its primary fuel from natural gas to an alternate energy source in response to rising natural gas prices. In early fiscal 2020, this same customer switched from another energy source to natural gas as its primary fuel due to the favorable pricing of natural gas. Excluding the multi-fuel customer's usage from both periods, total transportation and interruptible volumes would have increased by 3% on a comparative basis. Non-utility revenues decreased due to the completion of a significant long-term contract in fiscal 2020.
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Gross Utility Margin
Year Ended September 30, 2021 2020 Increase Percentage
Gross utility margin increased over the prior fiscal year primarily as a result of the aforementioned higher SAVE revenues and increase in residential and commercial volumes and customer base charges more than offsetting the reduction in transportation and interruptible deliveries. Total volumetric margin increased for the reasons mentioned above as the increase in residential and commercial DTH sales more than offset the decline in lower-margin interruptible and transportation volumes. The growth in customer base charge revenues reflect a combination of customer additions and the continuation of service to delinquent customers as a result of the disconnection moratorium, which ended August 30, 2021.
The changes in the components of the gross utility margin are summarized below:
Years Ended September 30,
Operations and Maintenance Expense - Operations and maintenance expense decreased by $1,703,874 or 11%, from the prior year primarily due to the accelerated recovery of ESAC regulatory assets in fiscal 2020 and lower bad debt expense, partially offset by lower capitalized overheads. In accordance with the SCC's final order on the non-gas base rate application, the Company wrote-down $317,000 in ESAC assets last year that were not subject to recovery through the new rates. In addition to the write-down of a portion of the ESAC assets in December 2019, Roanoke Gas accelerated the recovery of the remaining $525,000 balance of ESAC assets in September 2020 as a result of the earnings test performed by the Company. Bad debt expense declined by $964,000 due to the application of more than $400,000 in CARES Act funds to eligible COVID-19 impacted customers with past due balances and the pending receipt of $859,000 in ARPA funds to provide similar relief. If not for the CARES Act and ARPA funds, bad debt expense would have increased significantly over last year's higher than normal levels. Total capitalized overheads declined by $258,000 on a nearly $3 million reduction in capital expenditures related to project timing.
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General Taxes - General taxes increased by $95,307, or 4%, primarily due to higher property taxes associated with a 5% increase in utility property.
Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased by $533,895, or 7%, corresponding to a similar increase in depreciable utility plant.
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliate - The equity in earnings of the MVP investment decreased by $3,147,320 as AFUDC activity ceased during the second fiscal quarter due to the cessation of growth construction activities by the LLC with limited construction resuming in April 2021 resulting in a much lower level of AFUDC recognized for the remainder of the year. See the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section for additional information.
Other Income, net - Other income increased by $275,850 primarily due to a $449,000 decrease in the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit costs partially offset by $207,000 reduction in the equity portion of AFUDC on Roanoke Gas' two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. Roanoke Gas temporarily stopped recognizing AFUDC effective January 2021 until such time construction activities resume on these stations.
Interest Expense - Total interest expense decreased by $47,273, or 1%, as a decline in the interest rate on the Company's variable rate debt offset higher total debt levels. Total average debt outstanding increased by 14% to meet the funding needs of Roanoke Gas' capital projects and Midstream's continuing investment in MVP. As a result of the declining interest rates on the Company's variable rate debt, the weighted-average interest rate fell by 12%. Declines in other interest contributed to the lower expense levels including lower customer deposit interest.
Roanoke Gas' interest expense increased by $81,285 as total average debt outstanding increased by $8,500,000 associated with an increase in the borrowings under the line-of-credit. The average interest rate decreased slightly from 3.76% in fiscal 2020 to 3.48% in fiscal 2021. Roanoke gas capitalized $68,000 less in AFUDC during the current year due to the absence of construction activities on the two gate stations, which offset a $67,000 reduction in interest expense attributable to fiscal 2020's rate refund.
Midstream's interest expense decreased by $128,558 as the average interest rate on Midstream's total debt declined from 2.76% to 2.23% related to the variable interest rate credit facility more than offsetting a $6,900,000 increase in total average debt outstanding during the period.
Income Taxes - Income tax expense decreased by $101,598, or 3%, on a 4% decrease in pre-tax earnings. The effective tax rate was 24.1% for fiscal 2021 compared to 23.8% for fiscal 2020. The effective tax rate for both years is below the combined state and federal statutory rate of 25.74% due to the amortization of the excess deferred income taxes, the excess deductions related to restricted stock vesting, stock option exercises and the realization of certain tax credits. Income tax expense related to Midstream decreased by $780,000 due to the significant reduction in pre-tax earnings related to AFUDC from the MVP investment. The majority of the remaining $680,000 difference in income tax expense is related to the increase in pre-tax earnings of Roanoke Gas.
Net Income and Dividends - Net income for fiscal 2021 was $10,102,062 compared to $10,564,534 for fiscal 2020. Basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.22 in fiscal 2021 compared to $1.30 in fiscal 2020. Dividends declared per share of common stock were $0.74 in fiscal 2021 compared to $0.70 in fiscal 2020.
Capital Resources and Liquidity
Due to the capital intensive nature of the utility business, as well as the related weather sensitivity, the Company’s primary capital needs are the funding of its capital projects, investment in MVP, the seasonal funding of its natural gas inventories and accounts receivables and payment of dividends. To meet these needs, the Company relies on its operating cash flows, credit availability under short-term and long-term debt agreements and proceeds from the sale of its common stock.
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Cash and cash equivalents increased by approximately $1.2 million in fiscal 2021 compared to a decrease of $1.3 million in fiscal 2020. The following table summarizes the categories of sources and uses of cash:
Cash Flow Summary Years Ended September 30,
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ 1,227,251 $ (1,340,282 )
Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities:
The seasonal nature of the natural gas business causes operating cash flows to fluctuate significantly during the year, as well as from year to year. Factors, including weather, energy prices, natural gas storage levels and customer collections, all contribute to working capital levels and related cash flows. Generally, operating cash flows are positive during the second and third fiscal quarters as a combination of earnings, declining storage gas levels and collections on customer accounts all contribute to higher cash levels. During the first and fourth fiscal quarters, operating cash flows generally decrease due to the combination of increasing natural gas storage levels and rising customer receivable balances.
Cash flow from operating activities decreased by nearly $1.3 million from the prior year. The decrease in cash flow provided by operations was primarily driven by the affects of increasing gas commodity prices and changes in certain regulatory assets and liabilities, partially offset by net income exclusive of noncash equity in earnings.
The table below summarizes the significant operating cash flow components:
Years Ended September 30,
Cash Flows From Operating Activities: 2021 2020 Increase (Decrease)
Non-cash adjustments:
Changes in working capital and regulatory assets and liabilities:
Increasing natural gas commodity prices during 2021, resulted in reductions in operating cash in several areas. Higher accounts receivable balances, and increases in the under collection of gas costs, and rising gas in storage balances resulted in lower operating cash of $0.9, $1.4 and $2.9 million year over year, respectively. Income tax refunds not yet received, associated with the R&D credit study conducted by a third party consultant, caused prepaid income taxes to increase significantly year over year, resulting in a decrease in operating cash of $3 million. See Note 8 for more information regarding the R&D tax credit.
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Operating cash decreases were partially offset by accounts payable and changes in certain regulatory assets and liabilities. Significantly higher accounts payable balances related to increasing natural gas commodity prices provided an additional $2.2 million in operating cash year over year. As there was no rate refund in fiscal 2021, operating cash improved $3.8 million.
Other significant non-cash changes include $1.1 million for allowance for doubtful accounts due to changes in bad debt reserves attributable to the pandemic and funding relief and $2.4 million related to the establishment of a regulatory liability for the R&D tax credit.
Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities:
Investing activities primarily consist of expenditures related to investment in Roanoke Gas' utility plant, which includes replacing aging natural gas pipe with new plastic or coated steel pipe, improvements to the LNG plant and gas distribution system facilities and expansion of its natural gas system to meet the demands of customer growth, as well as the continued investment in the MVP. Roanoke Gas' expenditures were approximately $20 million and $22.9 million in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. Roanoke Gas renewed 7.8 miles of main and 620 service lines and 9.6 miles of main and 592 service lines in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current SAVE Plan is focused on the replacement of pre-1973 first generation plastic pipe in addition to other SAVE related infrastructure. Furthermore, Roanoke Gas’ capital expenditures included costs to extend natural gas distribution mains and services to480 customers in fiscal 2021, compared to 448 customers in fiscal 2020. Depreciation covered approximately 43% and 35% of the current and prior year's capital expenditures, respectively, with the balance provided from other operating cash flows and financing activities.
Capital expenditures are expected to remain at or near current levels over the next three to five years as Roanoke Gas continues to focus on its SAVE Plan, which is expected to be completed by 2024, as well as customer growth and system expansion. The Company expects to utilize its credit facilities, as well as consider additional equity capital, to meet the funding requirements of these planned expenditures.
Investing cash flows also reflect the 2021 funding of $6 million for Midstream's participation in the LLC. Midstream's total expected funding requirement increased to between $60 and $62 million as discussed below, with anticipated cash investment for fiscal 2022 to be approximately $10.7 million. Funding for the investment in the LLC is provided through Midstream's credit facility and two unsecured notes in the combined amount of $24 million. More information regarding the credit facility is provided in Note 7 and under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.
Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities:
Financing activities generally consist of borrowings and repayments under credit agreements, issuance of stock and the payment of dividends. Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $15.5 million and $16.6 million in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company uses its line-of-credit to fund seasonal working capital needs and provide temporary financing for capital projects. The increase in financing cash flows was derived from Midstream's net borrowings of more than $8 million to finance its investment in MVP. The Company also realized $3.3 million from the issuance of common stock through its ATM program and $1.6 million from the issuance of stock through DRIP activity and the exercise of options. Cash out-flows for dividend payments exceeded $6.0 million as the annualized dividend rate increased from $0.70 to $0.74 per share. The Company’s consolidated capitalization was 41.5% equity and 58.5% long-term debt at September 30, 2021, exclusive of unamortized debt expense. This compares to 41.7% equity and 58.3% long-term debt at September 30, 2020.
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On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note. All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.
On September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $10 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points maturing on October 1, 2028. Related to this note, the Company also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.49%. The term note will fund in two installments of $5 million each on April 1, 2022 and October 1, 2022, respectively.
On August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15 million with an interest rate of 1.20% above the 30-day SOFR Average per annum maturing on August 20, 2026. Related to this note, the Company also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.00% The term note funded on October 1, 2021.
On March 25, 2021, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2023 with a maximum borrowing limit of $40 million. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits aligned with the Company's seasonal borrowing demand. The Company's total available borrowing limits range from $14 million to $40 million.
On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10 million. These notes have a 10-year term from the date of issue at a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. The proceeds from these notes provided financing for Roanoke Gas' capital budget.
Roanoke Gas has private shelf agreements with two different financial institutions. The first agreement, as amended, provides for the issuance of up to $40 million in unsecured notes in addition to the $28 million previously issued. This shelf agreement will expire on December 6, 2022 unless extended. The second agreement, effective September 30, 2020, provides for the issuance of up to $70 million in unsecured notes during its 5-year term expiring on September 30, 2025. No funds were drawn on either of these agreements during fiscal 2021.
On February 14, 2020, Resources filed a prospectus with the SEC utilizing a shelf registration process where the Company may sell shares of common stock, in one or more offerings, of an aggregate amount up to $40 million. The prospectus was filed including a supplement allowing the Company to offer a portion of these shares, up to an aggregate of $15 million, utilizing the ATM approach as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The ATM Plan allows Resources flexibility in the frequency, timing and amount of share offerings in supplementing its capital funding needs. There were 142,726 shares issued through the ATM program during fiscal 2021.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Regulation S-K, Item 303(a)(4)(ii).
Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline
Recent construction activity has been limited based on legal and regulatory challenges. Although certain permits and authorizations were received in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 and the first quarter of fiscal 2021, there remain pending challenges and authorization requests impacting current progress.
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Following a comprehensive review of all outstanding stream and wetland crossings across the approximately 300-mile MVP project route, on February 19, 2021, the LLC submitted (i) a joint application package to each of the Huntington, Pittsburgh and Norfolk Districts of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Army Corps) that requests an individual permit from the Army Corps to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing open cut techniques (the Army Corps Individual Permit) and (ii) an application to amend the MVP project’s CPCN that seeks FERC authority to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing alternative trenchless construction methods.
Related to seeking the Army Corps Individual Permit, on March 4, 2021, the LLC submitted applications to each of the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VADEQ) seeking Section 401 water quality certification approvals or waivers (such approvals or waivers, the State 401 Approvals). Both the WVDEP and VADEQ submitted requests to the Army Corps for additional time to address the applications, and in late June 2021, the Army Corps granted the WVDEP and the VADEQ additional review time through November 29, 2021 and December 31, 2021, respectively. In early June 2021, the FERC issued a notice of schedule for the LLC's CPCN amendment application. FERC issued its environmental assessment August 13, 2021. Given that the expected permitting timelines for both the FERC and the Army Corps remain in-line with the LLC's expectations, the LLC continues to target a full in-service date for the MVP project in summer 2022 at a total project cost of approximately $6.2 billion (excluding AFUDC).
In order to complete the MVP project in accordance with the targeted full in-service date and cost, the LLC must, among other things, timely receive the Army Corps Individual Permit (as well as timely receive the State 401 Approvals and, as necessary, certain other state-level approvals) and timely receive authorization from the FERC to amend the CPCN to utilize alternative trenchless construction methods for certain stream and wetland crossings. The LLC also must (i) maintain and, as applicable, timely receive required authorizations, including authorization to proceed with construction, related to the Jefferson National Forest from the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service and the FERC; (ii) continue to have available the orders previously issued by the FERC modifying its prior stop work orders and extending the LLC’s prescribed time to complete the MVP project; (iii) timely receive authorization from the FERC to complete construction work in the portion of the project route currently remaining subject to the FERC's previous stop work order; and (iv) continue to be authorized to work under the Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement issued by the United States Department of the Interior’s Fish and Wildlife Service for the MVP project. In each case, any such foregoing or other authorizations must remain in effect notwithstanding any pending or future challenge thereto. Failure to achieve any one of the above items could lead to additional delays and higher project costs.
Resources' current earnings from the MVP investment are attributable to AFUDC income generated by the LLC. The LLC temporarily suspended the accrual of AFUDC on the project from January 1, 2021 (due to a temporary reduction in growth construction activities) through March 31, 2021. Limited growth construction activities resumed in April 2021, and the LLC began accruing AFUDC associated with those activities. It is expected that the accrual of AFUDC will be temporarily suspended again for the winter curtailment period, which is expected to begin around November 2021. Additionally, Roanoke Gas continues the suspension of AFUDC accruals on its two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP until such time as construction activities resume on the respective gate stations.
Management conducted an assessment of its MVP investment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. This assessment included a third-party valuation. As a result of its evaluation, management has concluded that the investment is not currently impaired as of September 30, 2021. Furthermore, the LLC has conducted its own evaluation of the project and also concluded that no impairment exists as of September 30, 2021. Management will continue monitoring the status of the project for circumstances that may lead to future impairment, including any significant delays or denials of necessary permits and approvals. If necessary, the amount and timing of any future impairment would be dependent on the specific circumstances at the time of evaluation.
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In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project and submitted Southgate's certificate application to the FERC in November 2018. The Final Environmental Impact Statement for the project was issued on February 14, 2020. In June 2020, the FERC issued the CPCN for the MVP Southgate; however, the FERC, while authorizing the project, directed the Office of Energy Projects not to issue a notice to proceed with construction until necessary federal permits are received for the MVP project and the Director of the Office of Energy Projects lifts the stop work order and authorizes the LLC to continue constructing the MVP. On August 11, 2020, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) denied Southgate's application for a Clean Water Act Section 401 Individual Water Quality Certification and Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer Authorization due to timing of the MVP project's completion. On March 11, 2021, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, pursuant to an appeal filed by the LLC, vacated the NCDEQ's denial and remanded the matter to the NCDEQ for additional review. On April 29, 2021, the NCDEQ reissued its denial of Southgate's application. Based on the targeted full in-service date for the MVP and expectations regarding Southgate permit approval timing, the LLC is targeting the commencement of the MVP Southgate construction in 2022 and placing the MVP Southgate in-service during the spring of 2023.
Midstream has borrowing capacity of $41 million under its current credit facility, which matures in December 2022. As of September 30, 2021, $33.6 million had been utilized. Effective November 1, 2021, the borrowing capacity under this credit facility was reduced to $33 million as $8 million of the outstanding balance was termed out in a separate unsecured promissory note. See the Capital Resources and Liquidity section for more information. This credit facility will provide additional financing capacity for MVP funding; however, due to ongoing delays, additional financing will be required. Management is working with the Company's lending institutions to secure the necessary funding. If the legal and regulatory challenges, including any future challenges, are not resolved in a timely manner and/or restrictions are imposed that impact future construction, the cost of the MVP and Midstream's capital contributions may increase above current projections.
Regulatory
On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final general rate case order awarding Roanoke Gas an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and providing for a 9.44% return on equity and directing the write-off of $317,000 of ESAC assets not subject to recovery under the approved rates. Rates authorized by the SCC's final order required the Company to issue customers $3.8 million in rate refunds, which was completed in March 2020.
The final order also excluded from current rates a return on the investment of two interconnect stations with the MVP, but provided Roanoke Gas with the ability to defer the related financing costs of those investments for possible future recovery. As a result, the Company began recognizing AFUDC during the second quarter of fiscal 2020 to capitalize both the equity and debt financing costs incurred during the construction phases. During the first quarter of 2021, Roanoke Gas recognized a total of $55,981 in AFUDC, $41,978 and $14,003 of equity and debt carrying costs, respectively. Beginning January 2021, Roanoke Gas temporarily ceased recording AFUDC on its related MVP interconnect construction projects until such time as construction activities resume.
The service disconnection moratorium under which the Company has been operating since March 16, 2020, expired August 30, 2021. During the moratorium, utilities were prohibited from disconnecting residential customers for non-payment of their natural gas service and from assessing late payment fees; therefore, residential customers that ordinarily would have been disconnected for non-payment continued incurring charges for gas service. As a result, the Company’s arrearage balances are at historically high levels, which has resulted in a higher potential for bad debt write-offs.
In December 2020, Roanoke Gas received $403,000 in CARES Act funds to assist customers with growing past due balances. Based on guidance provided by the SCC, the Company was able to apply the full amount to eligible customer accounts during the second and third fiscal quarters. On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received notification from the SCC that its application for ARPA funds has been approved. According to the communication, the Company will receive $858,556 based on arrearage balances as of August 31, 2021. The pending receipt of these funds were considered in the valuation of the estimated allowance for uncollectibles as of September 30, 2021.
27
In April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply for recovery at a future date. Roanoke Gas deferred certain COVID-19 related costs throughout fiscal 2021. Based on Roanoke Gas's preliminary earnings test for the period ended September 30, 2021, fiscal 2021 earnings exceeded the mid-point of the authorized return resulting in the COVID-19 related costs being expensed during the fourth quarter.
Roanoke Gas continues to recover the costs of its infrastructure replacement program through its SAVE Rider. In May 2021, the Company filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to update the SAVE Plan and Rider for the period October 2021 through September 2022. In its application, Roanoke Gas requested to continue to recover the costs of the replacement of pre-1973 plastic pipe. In addition, the Company requested to include the replacement of certain regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying SAVE projects. The updated SAVE Rider is designed to collect approximately $3.45 million in annual revenues, an increase of approximately $1.1 million from the existing SAVE Rider rates. The Company received a final order on August 25, 2021 in which the SCC approved the Company’s requested revenue requirement.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The consolidated financial statements of Resources are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the Company’s financial statements are affected by accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that are necessary to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Estimates used in the financial statements are derived from prior experience, statistical analysis and professional judgments. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions.
The Company considers an estimate to be critical if it is material to the financial statements and requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. The Company considers the following accounting policies and estimates to be critical.
Regulatory accounting - The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this occurs, costs are deferred as regulatory assets on the consolidated balance sheet and recorded as expenses in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose regulatory liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future.
If, for any reason, the Company ceases to meet the criteria for application of regulatory accounting treatment for all or part of its operations, the Company would remove the applicable regulatory assets or liabilities from the consolidated balance sheet and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the period in which the discontinuance occurred. The write-downs of the COVID asset and ESAC assets are consistent with the provisions of ASC No 980.
Revenue recognition - Regulated utility sales and transportation revenues are based upon rates approved by the SCC. The non-gas cost component of rates may not be changed without a formal rate application and corresponding authorization by the SCC in the form of a Commission order; however, the gas cost component of rates is adjusted quarterly, or more frequently if necessary, through the PGA mechanism. When the Company files a request for a non-gas rate increase, the SCC may allow the Company to place such rates into effect subject to refund pending a final order. Under these circumstances, the Company estimates the amount of increase it anticipates will be approved based on the best available information.
28
The Company also bills customers through a SAVE Rider that provides a mechanism to recover on a prospective basis the costs associated with the Company’s expected investment related to the replacement of natural gas distribution pipe and other qualifying projects. As authorized by the SCC, the Company adjusts billed revenues monthly through the application of the WNA model. As the Company's non-gas rates are established based on the 30-year temperature average, monthly fluctuations in temperature from the 30-year average could result in the recognition of more or less revenue than for what the non-gas rates were designed. The WNA authorizes the Company to adjust monthly revenues for the effects of variation in weather from the 30-year average with a corresponding entry to a WNA receivable or payable. At the end of each WNA year, the Company refunds excess revenue collected for weather that was colder than the 30-year average or bills customers for revenue short-fall resulting from weather that was warmer than normal. As required under the provisions of ASC No. 980, the Company recognizes billed revenue related to SAVE projects and from the WNA to the extent such revenues have been earned under the provisions approved by the SCC.
The Company bills its regulated natural gas customers on a monthly cycle. The billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. The Company accrues revenue for estimated natural gas delivered to customers but not yet billed during the accounting period. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The consolidated financial statements include unbilled revenue of $1,191,227 and $1,041,518 as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequent guidance and amendments effective October 1, 2018. The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows as the new guidance resulted in essentially no change in the manner and timing in which the Company recognizes revenues. The primary operation of the Company is the sale and/or delivery of natural gas to customers (the performance obligation) based on SCC approved tariff rates (the transaction price). The Company recognizes revenue through billed and unbilled customer usage as natural gas is delivered. The Company also recognizes revenue through ARPs, including the WNA.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable balances based upon a variety of factors including loss history, level of delinquent account balances, collections on previously written off accounts and general economic conditions. The historical model used in valuing reserve for bad debts has been consistently applied over recent years and has produced reasonable estimates for valuing the potential loss on customer accounts receivable. With the arrival of COVID-19 and the unprecedented widespread impact deriving from the pandemic, including the 17 month disconnection moratorium, the estimation of the Company's bad debt reserves has become more subjective with greater reliance on qualitative assessments and judgment rather than historical patterns and tendencies. Furthermore, the federal government has made funds available through the CARES Act and ARPA, which have materially reduced the expected uncollectable balances as of September 30, 2021. Accordingly, based on management's evaluation, the total bad debt reserves were estimated at $242,010 as of September 30, 2021.
The Company is committed to working with its customers during these difficult times by providing extended payment terms and assisting customers in finding other sources of financial aid. With rising natural gas prices and lingering economic effects from the moratorium and COVID, bad debt concerns will continue into fiscal 2022.
Pension and Postretirement Benefits - The Company offers a pension plan and a postretirement plan to eligible employees. The expenses and liabilities associated with these plans, as disclosed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, are based on numerous assumptions and factors, including provisions of the plans, employee demographics, contributions made to the plan, return on plan assets and various actuarial calculations, assumptions and accounting requirements. In regard to the pension plan, specific factors include assumptions regarding the discount rate used in determining future benefit obligations, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, compensation increases and life expectancies. Similarly, the postretirement medical plan also requires the estimation of many of the same factors as the pension plan in addition to assumptions regarding the rate of medical inflation and Medicare availability. Actual results may differ materially from the results expected from the actuarial assumptions due to changing economic conditions, differences in actual returns on plan assets, different rates of medical inflation, volatility in interest rates and changes in life expectancy. Such differences may result in a material impact on the amount of expense recorded in future periods or the value of the obligations on the consolidated balance sheet.
29
In selecting the discount rate to be used in determining the benefit liability, the Company utilized the FTSE Pension Discount Curve, which incorporates the rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that corresponded to the length and timing of benefit streams expected under both the pension plan and postretirement plan. The Company used a discount rate of 2.73% and 2.70%, respectively, for valuing its pension plan liability and postretirement plan liability at September 30, 2021. These discount rates represent an increase from the 2.47% and 2.44% rates used for valuing the corresponding liabilities at September 30, 2020. The increase in discount rates corresponds to the inflationary pressures and current market conditions as the economy emerges from the impact of COVID. The yield on the 30-year Treasury increased from 1.46% last year to 2.08% at September 30, 2021. Corporate bond rates experienced a smaller increase as credit spreads appear to have narrowed. The rise in the discount rates was the primary factor in the reduction of the benefit obligations for both the pension and the postretirement plan. Mortality assumptions were based on the PRI-2012 Mortality Table with generational mortality improvements using Projection Scale MP-2020 for the current year valuation.
Management has continued to focus on reducing risk in the Company's defined benefit plans with a greater emphasis on pension plan risk. In 2016, the Company offered a one-time, lump-sum payout of the pension benefit to vested former employees who were not receiving payments under the plan. In 2017, the Company implemented a "soft freeze" to the pension plan whereby employees hired on or after January 1, 2017 would not be eligible to participate. Employees hired prior to that date continue to accrue benefits based on compensation and years of service. This "soft freeze" mirrored the strategy in 2000 when the Company implemented a similar freeze in its postretirement plan. In October 2020, the Company again offered a one-time lump-sum payout option of deferred pension benefits to those vested terminated employees not currently receiving pension benefits. Lump sum payments of $717,197 were made to those participants that elected this option and reduced corresponding pension liabilities by approximately $965,000. Each of these strategies have served to limit liability growth and reduce volatility.
The Company also has focused on its asset investment strategy. A combination of funding strategy and solid investment returns have allowed pension plan assets to increase by $10.7 million over the last three years, while liabilities increased by $8.8 million during the same period primarily due to a decline in the discount rate for determining the liability from 4.11% at September 30, 2018 to 2.73% at September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, the pension plan is 103% funded compared to 94% funded in the prior year. Future pension liability growth associated with participant service and compensation is limited to employees hired prior to the freeze. With the soft freeze of the pension plan, the portion of the liability attributable to active eligible employees continuing to accrue benefits has declined from 56% of the liability as of the date of the soft freeze to 39% in fiscal 2021. The remaining 61% of the 2021 liability is set subject to variability due to changes in the discount rate and mortality adjustments. Since January 2017 when the pension plan froze access to new employees, the asset allocation has transitioned from a 60% equity and 40% fixed income allocation to a 30% equity and 70% fixed income allocation. During the same period, the fixed income portion of the plan was transitioned to an LDI approach with the fixed income assets invested in securities with a duration that corresponds to the duration of the corresponding liability for benefits to be paid. This synchronization of 70% of the pension assets with the pension liabilities will reduce volatility in the funded status of the plan as well as the corresponding expense. The 30% allocation to equity investments provides asset growth potential to offset increases in the pension liability related to those employees continuing to accrue benefits. Management will continue to evaluate the investment allocation as the liabilities mature and make adjustments as necessary.
The Company has not made a change in investment allocation for the postretirement plan assets as increasing medical and insurance costs warrant the need for a continued higher allocation to equities for future plan asset growth potential. The postretirement plan assets increased by $2.9 million and liabilities increased by $0.6 million over the last three-year period. As the number of participants in the postretirement plan continue to decline through attrition, management will continue to monitor and evaluate the asset allocation and adjust as warranted.
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A summary of the funded status of both the pension and postretirement plans is provided below:
Funded status - September 30, 2021 Pension Postretirement Total
Funded status - September 30, 2020 Pension Postretirement Total
The Company annually evaluates the returns on its targeted investment allocation model as well as the overall asset allocation of its benefit plans. Understanding the volatility in the markets, the Company reviews both plans' potential long-term rate of return with its investment advisors to determine the rates used in each plan's actuarial assumptions. Under the current allocation model for the pension plan, management lowered the long-term rate of return assumption from 5.40% in fiscal 2021 to 4.75% in fiscal 2022 based on the change in the current equity allocation of the pension plan assets and the lower rate of return expected on the fixed income investments. The long-term rate of return was virtually unchanged for the postretirement plan at 4.25% as the asset allocation remains at 50% equity and 50% fixed income. Management will continue to re-evaluate the return assumptions and asset allocation and adjust both as market conditions warrant.
Management estimates that, under the current provisions regarding defined benefit pension plans, the Company will have no minimum funding requirements next year. However, the Company currently expects to contribute approximately $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate its benefit plan funding levels in light of funding requirements and ongoing investment returns and make adjustments, as necessary, to avoid benefit restrictions and minimize PBGC premiums.
The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of pension costs to changes in certain actuarial assumptions, assuming that the other components of the calculation remain constant.
Rate of return on plan assets -0.25 % 96,000 N/A
The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of postretirement benefit costs from changes in certain actuarial assumptions, while the other components of the calculation remain constant.
Rate of return on plan assets -0.25 % 35,000 N/A
Derivatives - The Company may hedge certain risks incurred in its operation through the use of derivative instruments. The Company applies the requirements of FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the recognition of derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at fair value. In most instances, fair value is based upon quoted futures prices for natural gas commodities and interest rate futures for interest rate swaps. Changes in the commodity and futures markets will impact the estimates of fair value in the future. Furthermore, the actual market value at the point of realization of the derivative may be significantly different from the values used in determining fair value in prior financial statements. The Company had three interest-rate swaps outstanding at September 30, 2021 related to its three variable rate notes and two interest-rate swaps associated with delayed draw notes to be funded subsequent to fiscal 2021. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the swaps.
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Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not applicable.
Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
32
RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements
for the Years Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020
and Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm
33
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 35
Consolidated Balance Sheets 37
Consolidated Statements of Income 39
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 40
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 42
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 43
34
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Stockholders
RGC Resources, Inc.
Roanoke, Virginia
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
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Valuation of Equity Method Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (“MVP”)
Description of the matter
As of September 30, 2021, the Company has investments in unconsolidated affiliates of $64.9 million. The majority of this amount, $64.5 million consists of an equity method investment in the Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC. As discussed in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company accounts for its investment in MVP under the equity method because it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over MVP’s operating and financial policies. The Company reviews the carrying value of its investments in unconsolidated entities for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a decline in value. When there is evidence of loss in value that is other than temporary, the Company compares the investment's carrying value to its estimated fair value to determine whether impairment has occurred. The Company evaluated its investment in MVP for impairment and determined the fair value exceeded the carrying value at September 30, 2021. Accordingly, no impairment losses were recorded. The Company contracted a third party valuation specialist to perform a valuation of this investment as of September 30, 2021.
Auditing management’s evaluation of impairment of the equity investment in MVP was complex due to significant judgment required to determine fair value of the investment. In particular, fair value estimates of the investment in MVP were sensitive to significant assumptions, including discounted cash flows. These assumptions could be affected by factors such as adverse macroeconomic conditions or permit and litigation matters impacting MVP. Audit procedures performed to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates required a high degree of auditor judgement and increased effort.
How We Addressed the Matter in our Audit
We obtained an understanding of the Company’s equity method investment impairment evaluation process and significant assumptions described above. In order to test this process, we performed audit procedures regarding methodologies utilized, significant assumptions, and underlying data in the analyses for completeness and accuracy. We involved valuation specialists from our firm to assist in reviewing valuation methodology and testing the discount rate assumption.
Audit procedures related to discounted future cash flows included, among others, procedures to evaluate cash flows considered in the valuation. We performed procedures to assess management’s consideration of potential changes in legal or regulatory trends and how such developments could impact significant assumptions that influence the in-service dates or viability of the project, and evaluated the sufficiency of the Company’s financial statement disclosures.
CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2006.
Blacksburg, Virginia
December 2, 2021
36
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF September 30, 2021 AND 2020
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
UTILITY PROPERTY:
OTHER ASSETS:
(Continued)
37
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF September 30, 2021 AND 2020
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Current maturities of long-term debt $ 7,000,000 $ —
LONG-TERM DEBT:
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)
CAPITALIZATION:
Stockholders’ Equity:
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
38
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020
OPERATING REVENUES:
OPERATING EXPENSES:
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX 1,912,510 (959,027 )
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
40
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020
Accumulated
Capital in Other Total
Common Excess of Retained Comprehensive Stockholders’
Stock Par Value Earnings Loss Equity
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED September 30, 2021 AND 2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net (545,443 ) (544,696 )
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate (1,667,554 ) (4,814,874 )
Allowance for funds used during construction (55,981 ) (330,208 )
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:
Accounts receivable and customer deposits, net (1,124,860 ) 53,213
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from disposal of utility property 147,090 60,187
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 1,227,251 (1,340,282 )
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the year for:
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDEDSeptember 30, 2021 AND 2020
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which distributes and sells natural gas to approximately 62,600 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service areas in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a majority of natural gas sales are for space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the SCC. Midstream is a wholly-owned subsidiary created primarily to invest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline project. Diversified Energy is inactive.
The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the FASB and the SEC, including certain provisions allowed under the smaller reporting company exceptions.
Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No.980,Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No.980no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No.980no longer applied.
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Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
September 30
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues $ 8,104 $ —
Utility Property:
In service:
Construction work in progress:
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Other deferred liabilities — 83,176
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Amortization of $84,315 and $1,106,511 of regulatory assets for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, is included in operations and maintenance expense on the consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for more information.
As of September 30, 2021, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $12,812,401 on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.
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Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend the original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and betterments are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant and charged to accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of retirement obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below.
Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:
September 30
Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over a range of periods. Rates are determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas. The last depreciation study was completed and approved by the SCC staff in fiscal 2019. The Company will be required to complete a new depreciation study no later than fiscal 2024. The composite weighted-average depreciation rate was 3.28% and 3.30% for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation expense. These retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC No.980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.
The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have not identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.
In fiscal 2020, Roanoke Gas implemented the application of AFUDC related to infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. This treatment allows capitalizing both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. For the years ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized $14,003 and $81,629 of debt financing costs and $41,978 and $248,579 of equity financing costs, respectively, thereby affecting the interest expense and other income, net lines of the related consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for further information.
Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No.410,Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO when there exists a legal obligation for the retirement of the asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the carrying amount of the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded AROs for its future legal obligations related to purging and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although the timing of such retirements is uncertain.
The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the ARO is reclassified from the regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory liability provided for in the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with the anticipation of future recovery through rates charged to customers.
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The following is a summary of the AROs:
Years Ended September 30
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at risk. As of September 30, 2021, the Company did not have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.
Due to the impact of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals, customer delinquent and past due balances increased significantly over the last two years. The allowance for doubtful accounts disclosed below has been adjusted to reflect the impact of $859,000 in pending ARPA funds. Without the ARPA and CARES Act funds, the allowance for doubtful accounts would have been more than $1 million as of September 30, 2021. See Notes 3 and 15 for additional information.
A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows:
Years Ended September 30
Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand, or on fixed or determinable dates, and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet. Trade receivables, resulting from the sale of natural gas and other services to customers, are the Company's primary type of financing receivables. These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the consolidated financial statements.
Inventories—Natural gas in storage and materials and supplies inventories are recorded at average cost. Natural gas storage injections are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and storage withdrawals are priced at the weighted average cost of gas in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.
Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $1,191,227 and $1,041,518, respectively.
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Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated state and federal income tax returns.
Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments. The unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.
Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s PGA clause, the SCC provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers increases or decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural gas derivative hedging instruments. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to increase or decrease the gas cost component of its rates, based on projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the deferral period, the balance of the net deferred charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer bills.
Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value based on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the following three broad levels:
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 9 and 13.
Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s consolidated income statements.
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Earnings Per Share—Basic EPS and diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all options are used to repurchase common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are exhausted represents the potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS is presented below:
Years Ended September 30
Effect of dilutive securities:
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.
No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 5% of total accounts receivable.
Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. These franchises are effective through January 1,2036. The Company's current CPCNs in Virginia are exclusive and are intended for perpetual duration.
Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.
Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No.815,Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those instruments at fair value.
The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that the Company may hedge against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds.
The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets with the offsetting entry to either under- or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income and other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit received from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.
The Company has five interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap on its $7 million term note that effectively converts the variable interest rate into a 2.30% fixed interest rate. During fiscal 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into two delayed draw variable-rate term notes in the amounts of $15 million and $10 million, with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 2.00% and 2.49%, respectively. Proceeds associated with the delayed draw notes were not received during the current fiscal year; therefore, the swaps associated with those notes were not effective during fiscal 2021. Midstream has two variable-rate term notes in the amount of $14 million and $10 million with corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. All swaps qualify as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. Any cash flows from interest rate swaps are classified as interest expense. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the period.
See Notes 7 and 13 for additional information on the swaps and fair value.
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Non-Cash Activity —A non-cash decrease in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding decrease in capital contributions payable of $371,800 and $2,512,387 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:
Tax
Before Tax (Expense) Net of Tax
Amount or Benefit Amount
Interest rate swaps:
Defined benefit plans:
Interest rate swaps:
Defined benefit plans:
The amortization of actuarial gains or losses are included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income, net.
Composition of AOCI:
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Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02,Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021 and interim periods within that annual period.
The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease, which was renewed in fiscal 2021, calls for monthly payments in the amount of $1,100 and is set to expire in September 2025. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12,Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15,Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14,Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2020. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04,Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. In combination with 2021-01, the ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Benchmark Administration, the administrator for LIBOR and other inter-bank offered rates, announced that the LIBOR rates for one-day, one-month, six-month and one-year will cease publication in June 2023 and that no new financial contracts may use LIBOR after December 31, 2021. Currently, all of the Company's LIBOR based financial contracts are based on the one-month LIBOR rate. None of the holders of these financial contracts have indicated when a transition from LIBOR will occur. Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate adopting this guidance until fiscal 2022. The new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows when the reference rate is changed for related contracts.
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Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
2. REVENUE
The Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.
The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification for the years ended September 30:
Gas utility Non-utility Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Gas utility Non-utility Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Gas utility revenues
Substantially all of Roanoke Gas’ revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC through its tariffs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity (the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective performance obligations over time.
All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value received by the customer. Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction price.
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Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues in the preceding table. Natural gas consumption is estimated for the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.
Other revenues
Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility customers and billings for non-utility activities. Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on services provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.
Alternative Revenue Program revenues
ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenues earned, as calculated based on the timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes approved by the SCC.
Customer Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers. The balances of customer receivables are provided below:
Current Assets Current Liabilities
The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not incur any significant costs to obtain contracts.
3. REGULATORY MATTERS
The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the natural gas operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, service extension and depreciation.
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In May 2021, Roanoke Gas filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to update the SAVE Rider for the period October 2021 through September 2022. The application requested the continued recovery of pre-1973 plastic pipe replacement costs, as well as inclusion of the replacement of several regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying projects. On August 25, 2021, the SCC issued its final order that approved the Company's requested $3.25 million in annual revenue, which is a $1.1 million increase over the existing SAVE Rider rates.
On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application. Under the provisions of this order, Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and provided for a 9.44% return on equity. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from the interim rates in excess of the final approved rates, including interest.
The final order did not provide for a return on Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments associated with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. Roanoke Gas applied AFUDC treatment retroactively to January 1, 2019, the date new non-gas rates became effective. The January 1, 2019 date was affirmed by the SCC in its October 1, 2020 order in the Company’s 2019 annual informational filing docket. Amounts capitalized are disclosed in the Utility Plant and Depreciation section of Note 1.
In 2020, Roanoke Gas accelerated amortization of the remaining balance of its ESAC assets. This acceleration was the result of the Company's preliminary earnings test for fiscal 2020. The SCC requires regulated utilities with certain regulatory assets to perform and submit an annual earnings test. Specific to ESAC assets, if the results indicate that earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, the Company must write-down certain regulatory assets to the point where the actual return for the period falls to the mid-point. As Roanoke Gas' fiscal 2020 unadjusted earnings exceeded the mid-point, the Company accelerated amortization of the related ESAC assets.
The service disconnection moratorium, under which the Company has been operating since March 16, 2020 in response to COVID-19, expired August 30, 2021. During the moratorium utilities were prohibited from disconnecting customers for non-payment and from assessing late payment fees; therefore, residential customers that ordinarily would have been disconnected for non-payment continued incurring charges for gas service. As a result, the Company's arrearage balances were at historic levels prior to the application of the CARES Act funds and pending application of the ARPA funds.
In December 2020, Roanoke Gas received $403,000 in CARES Act funds and was able to apply the funds to eligible customer accounts.
The Company applied for ARPA funds to assist its customers with their arrearages. On October 28, 2021, Roanoke Gas received SCC communication that it had qualified for and will receive ARPA funds in the amount of $858,556 pursuant to Chapter 1 of the 2021 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Special Session II. The Company's arrearage balances will be favorably impacted when these funds are received and applied to customer accounts in early fiscal 2022. See Note 15 for additional information.
In April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply for recovery at a future date. Roanoke Gas deferred $217,000 in COVID-19 related costs during fiscal 2021; however, due to preliminary earnings results that were outside of the authorized range, the Company reversed the regulatory asset and recognized the COVID-19 related costs as expense in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021.
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4. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.
Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost.
The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:
Gas Utility - The natural gas distribution segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory mechanisms through which it provides for the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and industrial customers.
Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of the Company's investment in MVP and Southgate projects.
Parent and Other - Parent and other include the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate eliminations.
Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:
Gas Utility Investment in Affiliates Parent and Other Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2021:
Gas Utility Investment in Affiliates Parent and Other Consolidated Total
For the Year Ended September 30, 2020:
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5. OTHER INVESTMENTS
Midstream is an approximately 1% equity investment owner of the LLC constructing the MVP. Due to various legal and regulatory delays, the LLC changed its approach in seeking authorization to cross all remaining streams and wetlands on the project route. It requested individual permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing open cut techniques and has applied to amend the MVP project's CPCN to seek FERC authority to cross certain streams and wetlands utilizing alternative trenchless construction methods. The LLC is targeting a full in-service date for the MVP project in summer 2022 at a total project cost of approximately $6.2 billion, with Midstream's total cash contribution expected to approach $65 million.
The LLC temporarily suspended accruing AFUDC on the project beginning January 1, 2021 and through March 31, 2021 due to a temporary reduction in growth construction activities. The LLC resumed accruing AFUDC beginning April 1, 2021 associated with certain growth construction activities resuming. The amount of AFUDC recognized during the current and prior years is included in the tables below.
Roanoke Gas will continue to suspend accruing AFUDC on its two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP until such time as construction activities resume on the respective gate stations. Roanoke Gas recognized $55,981 of AFUDC associated with these gate stations during the first fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2020.
In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The LLC is targeting the commencement of the MVP Southgate construction in 2022 and placing the MVP Southgate in-service during the spring of 2023.
Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through two variable rate unsecured promissory notes, under a non-revolving credit agreement maturing in December 2022, and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.
The Company will participate in the earnings generated from the transportation of natural gas through both pipelines proportionate to its level of investment once the pipelines are placed in service.
Midstream utilized a third-party business valuation specialist to assist in Management's assessment of the MVP investment in accordance with ASC 323,Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. As a result of its evaluation, including consideration of the valuation specialist's report, management has concluded that the investment is not currently impaired as of September 30, 2021. Furthermore, the LLC has conducted its own evaluation of the project and has also concluded that no impairment exists as of September 30, 2021. Management will continue monitoring the status of the project for circumstances that may lead to future impairment, including any significant delays or denials of necessary permits and approvals. If necessary, the amount and timing of any future impairment would be dependent on the specific circumstances at the time of evaluation.
The investments in the LLC are included in the consolidated financial statements as follows:
September 30
Other Assets:
Current Liabilities:
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Years Ended September 30
September 30
The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:
September 30
Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:
Income Statements
Years Ended September 30
Balance Sheets
September 30
Assets:
Liabilities and Equity:
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6. LINE-OF-CREDIT
On March 25, 2021, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2023 with a maximum borrowing limit of $40 million. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company. The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $14 million to $40 million.
The Company's total available borrowing limits for the remaining term are as follows:
Available
As of Line-of-Credit
A summary of the line-of-credit follows:
September 30
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances 1.12 % 2.16 %
Interest rate at year-end 1.08 % 1.15 %
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit 0.15 % 0.15 %
Associated with the line-of-credit is a credit agreement that contains various representations, warranties and covenants including a requirement that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1 and a long-term debt to long-term capitalization ratio of less than 65%.
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7. LONG-TERM DEBT
On October 29, 2021 Midstream entered into an unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of $8 million with an interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 115 basis points maturing December 1, 2027. Related to this note, Midstream also entered into an interest rate swap agreement that effectively converts the variable rate note into a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.443%. The loan will convert into an installment loan with principal pay-down beginning in fiscal 2023. In addition, this note reduces the borrowing capacity defined by the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and related Promissory Notes. The total borrowing capacity declined from $41 million to $33 million effective with the new promissory note. All other terms of the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement remain unchanged.
On September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into a Loan Agreement ("Agreement") and an unsecured Delayed Draw Promissory Note in the principal amount of $10 million ("Promissory Note"). Under the provisions of the Agreement, Roanoke Gas will receive a first advance of $5 million on or about April 1, 2022 with the remaining $5 million received on or about October 1, 2022. The Promissory Note has an interest rate of 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and a maturity date of October 1, 2028. The proceeds from this Promissory Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects. Also, on September 24, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $10 million corresponding to the term and draw provisions of the Agreement, which effectively converts the variable rate Promissory Note to a fixed instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.49%.
On August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an unsecured Delayed Draw Term Note in the principal amount of $15 million ("Term Note") with an interest rate of 1.20% above 30-day SOFR Average per annum maturing on August 20, 2026. In connection with the Term Note, Roanoke Gas also entered into the Sixth Amendment to its Credit Agreement ("Amendment"), which amends the original Credit Agreement with the corresponding bank dated March 31, 2016 and all subsequent amendments. The Amendment aligns the termination date and the maximum principal amount available under the Term Note and retains all other terms and requirements of prior credit agreements. The proceeds from this Term Note will be used to finance Roanoke Gas' infrastructure enhancement and replacement projects, as well as to refinance a portion of its existing debt. Also, on August 20, 2021, Roanoke Gas entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $15 million corresponding to the duration of the Term Note, which effectively converts the variable rate note to a fixed rate instrument with an effective annual interest rate of 2.00%. The Term Note funded in full on October 1, 2021.
Roanoke Gas also has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%.
Midstream has two variable rate notes in the amounts of $14 million and $10 million that are hedged by swap agreements, which effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.
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Long-term debt consists of the following:
September 30
Roanoke Gas:
Unsecured delayed draw notes payable — 21,545 — —
Midstream:
Less: current maturities of long-term debt (7,000,000 ) — — —
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Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the related debt. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company also had an unamortized loss on the early retirement of debt of $1,484,433 and $1,598,620, respectively, which has been deferred as a regulatory asset and is being amortized over a 20 year period.
All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, including financial covenants that require the ratio of long-term debt to long-term capitalization to not exceed 65%. All of the debt agreements except for the line-of-credit provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2021 and 2020.
The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt for the next five years ending after September 30, 2021 are as follows:
Year Ending September 30 Maturities
8. INCOME TAXES
Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued in fiscal 2018 to reflect the reduction in the corporate federal income tax rate. As a result of the revaluation, the excess deferred income taxes of the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas were reclassified to a regulatory liability. The excess deferred taxes related to the depreciable property are being returned to customers through reduced billings over the remaining weighted average useful life of the property with a corresponding reduction in income tax expense. The excess deferred taxes related to the other regulatory basis differences are being collected from customers over a five year period.
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During fiscal 2021, the Company engaged an outside firm to conduct a study of its activities that would qualify for the Research and Development ("R&D") credit under 26 U.S. Code § 41- Credit for increasing research activities. Upon completion of this study, the Company filed amended federal income tax returns for the 2017,2018 and 2019 fiscal years to claim the R&D tax credit. The Company also filed for the R&D tax credit on its fiscal 2020 federal income tax return. The total credits claimed on the income tax returns amounted to $3,169,656, which was offset by an increase of $636,694 in income tax resulting from the add back to taxable income of an amount equal to the total tax credits claimed for the 2017,2018 and 2019 fiscal years. The Company deferred the remaining tax credits as a regulatory liability because they related to utility plant. These credits will be amortized over the 20 year tax-life of the related utility plant. A portion of these tax credits were generated as a result of expenditures that qualify under the SAVE Plan and are subject to return to customers through a reduction in the corresponding SAVE rates in future periods. Annual amortization of the tax credits is expected to be approximately $124,000 with a reduction in annual SAVE revenues of approximately $40,000.
The Company also applied for a Virginia State tax credit related to the R&D study. The amount to be awarded has not yet been determined and therefore is not included in the consolidated financial statements at this time.
The current year tax expense includes the recognition of a federal solar tax credit and Virginia Neighborhood Assistance Tax Credits.
The details of income tax expense are as follows:
Years Ended September 30
Current income taxes:
Deferred income taxes:
Income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes due to the following:
Years Ended September 30
Corporate federal income tax rate 21 % 21 %
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit 642,447 647,685
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation (4,099 ) (114,984 )
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The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
September 30
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits 195,044 651,356
Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate 2,761,667 2,814,525
Deferred tax liabilities:
FASB ASC No.740 - Income Taxes provides for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recognized in the financial statements. The Company has evaluated its tax positions and accordingly has not identified any significant uncertain tax positions. In regard to the R&D tax credit, the firm engaged to conduct the study has done numerous such projects with successful outcomes with the IRS. The Company’s policy is to classify interest associated with uncertain tax positions as interest expense in the financial statements. Penalties are netted against other income.
The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and state income tax returns in Virginia and West Virginia. With the amendment of the federal returns for fiscal 2017,2018 and 2019, these years will remain open for three more years. The federal returns and the state returns for Virginia for the tax years ended prior to September 30,2017 are no longer subject to examination. The state returns for West Virginia prior to September 30, 2018 are no longer subject to examination.
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company sponsors both a noncontributory pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers all employees hired prior to January 2017 and benefits fully vest after 5 years of credited service. Benefits paid to retirees are based on age at retirement, years of service and average compensation. Effective January 1, 2017, a "soft freeze" to the pension plan was implemented, and employees hired on or after that date are no longer eligible to participate. Commensurate with the "soft freeze" in the pension plan, the Company amended its 401(k) Plan, allowing management to authorize a discretionary contribution to the 401(k) account for those employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The amount, if any, of this discretionary contribution would be determined each year and would be applied to the eligible employees at the end of the calendar year. This Company contribution would be in addition to any employee elected deferrals and employer match as provided for under the 401(k) Plan.
The postretirement plan provides certain health care, supplemental retirement and life insurance benefits to retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Employees hired prior to January 1,2000 are eligible to participate in the postretirement plan. Employees must have a minimum of 10 years of service and retire after attaining the age of 55 in order to vest in the postretirement plan. Retiree contributions to the plan are based on the number of years of service to the Company as determined under the pension plan.
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Employers who sponsor defined benefit plans must recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as an asset or liability in their statements of financial position and recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. For pension plans, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation, and for other postretirement plans, the benefit obligation is the accumulated benefit obligation. The Company established a regulatory asset for the portion of the obligation expected to be recovered through rates in future periods. The regulatory asset is adjusted for the recognition of actuarial gains and losses. The portion of the obligation attributable to the unregulated operations of the holding company is recognized in other comprehensive income, with actuarial gains and losses recognized using the corridor method.
The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the plans, amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the assumptions used:
Pension Plan Postretirement Plan
Change in benefit obligation:
Change in fair value of plan assets:
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of:
Noncurrent assets $ 1,259,639 $ — $ — $ —
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:
During fiscal 2021, the Company offered a one-time, lump sum pay out option for vested, terminated employees not currently receiving payments under the pension plan. The lump sum offer was accepted by 17 eligible participants resulting in a distribution of $717,197 in plan assets with a corresponding reduction in the benefit plan obligation.
The Company expects that an approximately $60,000 credit, before tax, of AOCI will be recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022 and approximately $207,000 of amounts deferred as regulatory assets will be amortized and recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2022.
The reduction in the benefit obligations for both the pension plan and postretirement plan was primarily attributed to actuarial gains resulting from the increase in the discount rate used to calculate the benefit obligations and improvement in the mortality scale.
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The following table details the actuarial assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the pension and the accumulated benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the postretirement plan:
Pension Plan Postretirement Plan
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Expected rate of compensation increase 4.00 % 4.00 % N/A N/A
Assumptions used to determine benefit costs:
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5.40 % 5.50 % 4.25 % 4.26 %
Expected rate of compensation increase 4.00 % 4.00 % N/A N/A
To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company, with input from the Plans' actuaries and investment advisors, considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of each plan’s portfolio.
Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:
Pension Plan Postretirement Plan
Service cost is included in operation and maintenance expense of the consolidated income statement. All other components of net periodic benefit costs are included in the other income, net line.
The assumed health care cost trend rates used in measuring the accumulated benefit obligation for the postretirement plan are presented below:
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year 6.50 % 7.00 % 5.20 % 5.20 %
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The health care cost trend rate assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A change of 1% would have the following effects:
1% Increase 1% Decrease
Effect on total service and interest cost components $ 111,000 $ (88,000 )
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 2,575,000 (2,106,000 )
The primary objectives of both plans' investment policies are to maintain investment portfolios that diversify risk through prudent asset allocation parameters, achieve asset returns that meet or exceed the corresponding actuarial assumptions and meet expected future benefits in both the short-term and long-term. The Company's pension plan allocation approach seeks to match the duration of the fixed income portion of the portfolio with the duration of the plan's liabilities. Such a match is designed to reduce the overall volatility in the pension plan relative to the funded status. The 30% equity allocation in the pension plan provides for potential returns to offset growth in the liabilities as eligible participants continue to accrue benefits.
Based on its most recent evaluation of returns for the asset classes within each plan's investment portfolio, the Company set the expected long-term rate of return for the pension plan and the postretirement plan for fiscal 2022 at 4.75% and 4.24% respectively.
The Company’s target and actual asset allocation in the pension and postretirement plans as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 were:
Pension Plan Postretirement Plan
Asset category:
Cash — % 1 % 1 % — % 1 % 1 %
Other — % — % — % — % — % — %
The plans assets are invested in mutual funds. The Company uses the fair value hierarchy described in Note 1 to classify these assets. The mutual funds are included under Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are determined based on individual prices for each security that comprises the mutual funds. The common and collective trust funds are included under Level 2. The following tables contains the fair value classifications of the plans' assets:
Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Asset Class:
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Equities
Mutual Funds:
Equities
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Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Asset Class:
Common and Collective Trust and Pooled Funds:
Bonds
Equities
Mutual Funds:
Equities
Postretirement Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2021
Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Asset Class:
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Equities
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Postretirement Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020
Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Asset Class:
Mutual Funds:
Bonds
Equities
Each mutual fund or common collective trust fund has been categorized based on its primary investment strategy.
The Company expects to contribute $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2022.
The following table reflects expected future benefit payments:
Pension Postretirement
Fiscal year ending September 30 Plan Plan
The Company established an NQDC Plan in fiscal 2021. The NQDC Plan is an unfunded, nonqualified benefit plan offered to select members of senior management not eligible to participate in the pension plan. Under the NQDC Plan, participants have the right to defer a percentage of base salary as well as receive discretionary credits from the Company. The Company's discretionary credits vest over time. Any benefits distributed from the NQDC Plan plan are paid from the general assets of the Company. As the plan is unfunded, the balance reflected in the table below is a noncurrent liability included in the benefit plan liabilities line on the consolidated balance sheet.
Beginning deferred compensation balance $ — $ —
Employer contributions 48,100 —
Participant contributions — —
Ending deferred compensation balance $ 35,344 $ —
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The Company sponsors a 401k Plan covering all employees who elect to participate. Employees may contribute from 1% to 50% of their annual compensation to the 401k Plan, limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically by the IRS. The Company matches 100% of the participant’s first4% of contributions and 50% on the next 2% of contributions. The Company also provided discretionary contributions for employees hired on or after January 1, 2017. The following table reflects the Company's contributions:
Years Ended September 30
10. COMMON STOCK OPTIONS
The KESOP provides for the issuance of common stock options to officers and certain other full-time salaried employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock. As of September 30, 2021, the number of shares available for future grants was 20,000.
FASB ASC No.718 - Compensation-Stock Compensation requires that compensation expense be recognized for the issuance of equity instruments to employees. During the fiscal year ended 2021, the Board approved stock option grants to certain officers. As required by the KESOP, each option's exercise price per share equaled the fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date. Pursuant to the plan, the options vest over a six-month period and are exercisable over a ten-year period from the date of issuance.
As the Company's stock options are not traded on the open market, the fair value of each grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model including the following assumptions:
Years Ended September 30
Expected dividends 2.75 % 2.74 %
Expected exercise term (years) 7 7
Risk-free interest rate 1.24 % 0.51 %
The underlying methods regarding each assumption are as follows:
Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the daily closing price of the Company's common stock.
Expected dividend rate is based on historical dividend payout trends.
Expected exercise term is based on the average time historical option grants were outstanding before being exercised.
Risk-free interest rate is based on the 7-year Treasury rate on the date of option grant.
Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.
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Stock option transactions under the Company's plans are summarized below.
Options expired — —
Options forfeited — —
Options expired — —
Options forfeited — —
1 Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options where the exercise price is below the market price.
Years Ended September 30
Weighted-average grant date option fair value $ 5.55 $ 6.26
11. OTHER STOCK PLANS
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan
The Company offers a DRIP Plan to shareholders of record for the reinvestment of dividends and the purchase of up to $100,000 per year in additional shares of common stock of the Company. Under the DRIP, the Company issued 29,604 and 28,191 shares in 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 332,719 shares of stock available for issuance under the DRIP.
Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors
The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPD in 1997. Under the RSPD, each director may elect annually to have up to 100% of his or her fees paid in shares of common stock ("Director Restricted Stock"); however, a minimum of 40% of the monthly retainer fee must be paid to each non-employee director of Resources in shares of Director Restricted Stock until such time as the director has accumulated at least 10,000 shares. The number of shares of Director Restricted Stock awarded each month is determined based on the closing sales price of Resources' common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market on the first business day of the month. The Director Restricted Stock issued under the Plan vests only in the case of a participant's death, disability, retirement, or in the event of a change in control of Resources. The Director Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the participant until the shares have vested under the terms of the Plan. The shares of Director Restricted Stock will be forfeited to Resources by a participant's voluntary resignation during his or her term on the Board or removal for cause as a director.
The Company assumes all directors will complete their term and there will be no forfeiture of the Director Restricted Stock. Since the inception of the RSPD, no director has forfeited any shares of Director Restricted Stock. The Company recognizes as compensation the market value of the Director Restricted Stock in the period it is issued.
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The following table reflects the director compensation activity pursuant to the Plan:
Forfeited — — — —
The fair market value of the Director Restricted Stock included in compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $269,200 and $241,617, respectively. No Director Restricted Stock was forfeited during fiscal 2021 or 2020.
As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 35,937 shares available for issuance under the RSPD.
RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan
The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPO in 2017 as approved by shareholders. Under the RSPO, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors may grant shares of common stock ("Officer Restricted Stock") that vest over time to key employees and officers for the purpose of attracting and retaining those individuals essential to the operation and growth of the Company. The RSPO provides for certain restrictions and non-transferability requirements until minimum levels of ownership are obtained. Such restrictions may continue beyond the vesting period.
The Company assumes all officers will complete their requirements and there will be no forfeiture of the Officer Restricted Stock.
The following table reflects the officer compensation activity pursuant to the RSPO:
Forfeited — — — —
The fair market value of the Officer Restricted Stock included as compensation during fiscal 2021 and 2020 was $366,869 and $450,677, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had 396,357 shares available for issuance under the RSPO.
Stock Bonus Plan
Shares from the Stock Bonus Plan may be issued to certain employees and management personnel in recognition of their performance and service. Under the Stock Bonus Plan, the Company issued no shares in 2021 and 2020. As of September 30, 2021 the Company had 4,785 shares of stock available for issuance under the Stock Bonus Plan. The Stock Bonus Plan is currently inactive.
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12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Long-Term Contracts
Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, Roanoke Gas enters into agreements with suppliers and pipelines to contract for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity. Roanoke Gas obtains most of its natural gas supply through a third party asset management contract. Roanoke Gas utilizes an asset manager to optimize the use of its transportation, storage rights and gas supply inventories, which helps to ensure a secure and reliable source of natural gas. Under the current asset management contract, Roanoke Gas has designated the asset manager to act as agent for its storage capacity and all gas balances in storage. Roanoke Gas retains ownership of gas in storage. Under provisions of this contract, Roanoke Gas is obligated to purchase its winter storage requirements from the asset manager during the spring and summer injection periods at market price. The table below details the volumetric obligations as of September 30, 2021 for the remainder of the contract period. The current asset management contract was renewed in August 2021 for a one year period which will expire in March 2023. The contract was renewed at essentially the same terms and conditions as the prior agreement, except the utilization fee retained by Roanoke Gas increased.
Natural Gas Contracts