RCEL US Equity☆

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business faces significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this annual report, including the following risk factors. Our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks, and in such event, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline, and you might lose all or part of your investment. This Annual Report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, and our results could materially differ from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere within this Annual Report for a discussion of certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with these statements.

Risks Related to Our Business Operations

We have experienced significant losses, expect losses to continue for the foreseeable future and may never achieve or maintain profitability.

Although we have begun full scale marketing and sales of our RECELL® System in the United States and other jurisdictions, we have not yet achieved profitability. We had a total net loss of $35.4 million and $26.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. We have incurred a cumulative deficit of $298.0 million through December 31, 2023. We anticipate that we may continue to incur losses at least until U.S. sales of the RECELL System are adequate to fund operating expenses. We may not be able to successfully achieve or sustain profitability. Successful transition to profitable operations is dependent upon achieving a level of revenues adequate to support our cost structure, including in new markets for which we are not presently approved.

Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash and we are subject to a number of restrictive covenants relating to our indebtedness, which may restrict our business and financing activities.

Pursuant to the Credit Agreement that the Company entered with OrbiMed Advisors, LLC ("Credit Agreement") on October 18, 2023, we incurred $40.0 million of indebtedness secured by substantially all of our assets and have the ability to incur an additional $50.0 million of indebtedness. This level of debt could have significant consequences on future operations, including increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions and limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the markets in which we compete.

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Our ability to make scheduled payments of interest depends on our future performance, which is subject to interest rate risk, economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. We are exposed to risks related to a potential rising interest rate environment for the debt, which could cause our borrowing costs to rise and impact our liquidity. Our business may not generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt in cash and make necessary capital expenditures. In addition, if the Company’s net revenue does not equal or exceed a certain amount for upcoming fiscal periods as set forth in the Credit Agreement, then the Company will be required to repay five percent of the outstanding principal amount of its indebtedness in equal quarterly installments, in addition to a repayment fee and a prepayment fee.

If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy payment obligations under the Credit Agreement, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations.

The restrictions and covenants in the Credit Agreement may also prevent us from taking actions that we believe would be in the best interests of our business, and may make it difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy or effectively compete with companies that are not similarly restricted. Our ability to comply with these covenants in future periods will largely depend on the success of our products, and our ability to successfully implement our overall business strategy. We may be unsuccessful in obtaining waivers or amendments to restrictions and covenants in the agreements. The breach of any of these covenants and restrictions could result in a default under the Credit Agreement, which could result in an acceleration of the repayment of our indebtedness.

Provisions in our U.S. government contracts, may affect our intellectual property rights.

Certain of our activities have been funded, and may in the future be funded, by the U.S. government, including through previous contracts with BARDA. When new technologies are developed with U.S. government funding, the government obtains certain rights in any resulting patents, including the right to a nonexclusive license authorizing the government to use the invention and rights that may permit the government to disclose our confidential information to third parties and to exercise “march-in” rights. The government can exercise its march-in rights if it determines that action is necessary because we fail to achieve practical application of the U.S. government-funded technology, because action is necessary to alleviate health or safety needs, to meet requirements of federal regulations, or to give preference to U.S. industry. In addition, U.S. government-funded inventions must be reported to the government, U.S. government funding must be disclosed in any resulting patent applications, and our rights in such inventions may be subject to certain requirements to manufacture products in the United States.

Development and commercialization of our products require successful completion of the regulatory approval process and may suffer delays or fail. We may be unsuccessful in obtaining additional approvals for our RECELL System for full thickness skin defects and skin conditions such as vitiligo.

In the United States, as well as other jurisdictions, we have been and will be required to apply for and receive regulatory authorization before we can market our products. For instance, our RECELL System has been approved by the FDA and regulatory authorities in Australia, the EU and Japan for use in certain treatments of burns, acute wounds, scars and vitiligo. However, we will require additional clinical data or approvals from regulatory authorities within these countries to market the product for the treatment of other indications, and from any other jurisdictions in which we seek to market the product. This process can be time-consuming and complicated and may be unsuccessful or otherwise result in unanticipated delays or fail altogether. For example, on September 29, 2023, the Company received notice from the FDA that additional information regarding the Company’s PMA supplement for its latest device, RECELL GO is required for the continuation of the FDA’s review. This request, which is not unique to the Breakthrough Device Program, placed the application file on hold for approximately 4 to 6 months while the Company addresses the FDA's questions.

To secure marketing authorization, an applicant generally is required to submit an application that includes the data supporting preclinical and clinical safety and effectiveness as well as detailed information on the manufacturing and control of the product, proposed labeling and other additional information. Before marketing authorization is granted, regulatory authorities may require the inspection of the manufacturing facility or facilities and quality systems (including those of third parties) at which the product candidate is manufactured and tested, as well as potential audits of the non-clinical and clinical trial sites that generated the data cited in the marketing authorization application.

We cannot predict whether any additional marketing authorizations will ultimately be granted or how long the applicable regulatory authority or agency will take to do so. Regulatory agencies, including the FDA, have substantial discretion in the approval process. In addition, the approval process and the requirements governing clinical trials vary from country to country. The policies of

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the FDA or other regulatory authorities may change, and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit or delay the necessary approval of any products we may develop and commercialize. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or elsewhere. If we are slow or unable to adapt to new or changed requirements, or if we are not able to maintain regulatory compliance, we may lose any marketing approval that we may have obtained, and we may not achieve or sustain profitability.

Additionally, any future regulatory approvals that we receive may also contain requirements for costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety and effectiveness of the product. Once a product is approved, the manufacturing processes, labeling, packaging, distribution, adverse event reporting, storage, advertising, promotion, import, export, and record keeping for the product will be subject to extensive and ongoing regulatory requirements. These requirements include submission of safety and other post-marketing reports, registration, and continued compliance with good manufacturing practices for any clinical trials that we conduct post-approval.

Finally, per FDA regulations, changes made to products, specifications, or test data evaluation methodology would generally require communication with the FDA. There are several pathways for communicating with the FDA of such changes. As part of such review, the FDA may request additional information, at which time the product may become temporarily unavailable.

Our success depends, in part, on our relationships with, and the efforts of, third-party distributors.

We rely on third-party distributors for a portion of our sales in countries outside of the U.S. Our distributors may not commit the necessary resources to market and sell our products to the level of our expectations, and, regardless of the resources they commit, they may not be successful. If we are not able to maintain our distribution network, if our distribution network is not successful in marketing and selling our products, or if we experience a significant reduction in, cancellation, or change in the size and timing of orders from our distributors, our revenues could decline significantly and lead to an inability to meet operating cash flow requirements, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Obtaining and maintaining regulatory approval for a product candidate in one jurisdiction does not mean that we will be successful in obtaining regulatory approval for that product candidate in other jurisdictions.

Obtaining and maintaining regulatory approval for a product in one jurisdiction does not guarantee that we will be able to obtain or maintain similar approval in other jurisdictions, while a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one jurisdiction may have a negative effect on the regulatory approval process in others. For example, even though the FDA has granted marketing approval for use of our RECELL System for the treatment full-thickness skin defects and vitiligo, comparable regulatory authorities in foreign jurisdictions must also approve the manufacturing, marketing and promotion of the product candidate in those countries if not currently approved. Approval procedures vary among jurisdictions and can involve requirements and administrative review periods different from, and greater than, those in the United States, including additional preclinical studies or clinical trials as clinical trials conducted in one jurisdiction may not be accepted by regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions. In many jurisdictions outside the United States, a medical device must be approved for reimbursement before it can be approved for sale in that jurisdiction. In some cases, the price that we intend to charge for our products is also subject to approval.

We are highly dependent on our regulatory approval in the United States and failure to maintain that approval would materially impact our business and prospects.

Our business is highly dependent on the PMA we received in September 2018 from the FDA including subsequent secondary approvals of the PMA outside of burns. This PMA allows us to sell our RECELL System in the United States, our current primary market. While we intend to take every action and precaution to ensure that our PMA remains effective, it is possible that the FDA could take a position in the future that requires a modification, temporary suspension or revocation of our PMA. Any such action by the FDA would have a material adverse effect on our business.

We may encounter substantial delays in any further clinical studies necessary to support any regulatory applications for additional commercial applications of our technology.

We cannot guarantee that any preclinical testing or clinical trials will be conducted as planned or completed on schedule, if at all. As a result, we may not achieve the expected clinical milestones necessary for approval by the FDA, or other regulators, for the use of our RECELL System for additional applications in the United States or other countries.

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A failure in a clinical study or regulatory application can occur at any stage. Events that may prevent successful or timely

commencement, enrollment or completion of clinical development or a regulatory application include:

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delays in raising, or inability to raise, sufficient capital to fund the planned trials;

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delays in reaching a consensus with regulatory agencies on trial design;

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changes in trial design;

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inability to identify, recruit and train suitable clinical investigators;

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inability to add new clinical trial sites;

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delays in reaching agreement on acceptable terms for the performance of the trials with prospective clinical research organizations and clinical trial sites;

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delays in recruiting suitable clinical sites and patients (i.e., subjects) to participate in clinical trials;

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imposition of a clinical hold by regulatory agencies for any reason, including negative clinical results, safety concerns or as a result of an inspection of manufacturing or clinical operations or trial sites;

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failure by any relevant parties to adhere to clinical trial requirements;

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failure to perform in accordance with the FDA’s Good Clinical Practice (“GCPs”), or applicable regulatory guidelines in other countries;

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delays in the testing, validation, manufacturing and delivery of the product candidates to the clinical sites;

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delays caused by clinical trial sites not completing a trial;

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failure to demonstrate adequate effectiveness;

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occurrence of serious adverse events in clinical trials that are associated with the product candidates that are viewed to outweigh its potential benefits;

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changes in regulatory requirements and guidance that require amending or submitting new clinical protocols;

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adverse events, safety issues, product recalls, manufacturing or supply chain interruptions, or poor clinical outcomes where the RECELL System is being used commercially; and

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disagreements with regulatory agencies in the interpretation of the data from our clinical trials.

Delays, including delays caused by the above factors, can be costly and could negatively affect our ability to complete clinical trials for our product candidates. If we are not able to successfully complete clinical trials or are not able to do so in a timely and cost-effective manner, we will not be able to obtain regulatory approval for the use of our RECELL System for additional applications, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unsuccessful in commercializing our RECELL System, or other future products, due to unfavorable pricing regulations or third-party coverage and reimbursement policies.

We cannot guarantee that we will receive favorable pricing and reimbursement for use of our products. The rules and regulations that govern pricing and reimbursement for medical products vary widely from country to country or from indication to indication, and within the United States, can also vary widely from one health system or hospital to the next. In some foreign jurisdictions, including the EU, the government largely controls pricing of medical products. In other countries, coverage negotiations must occur at the regional or hospital level. Pricing negotiations can take considerable time after the receipt of marketing approval for a medical product.

As a result, even after obtaining regulatory approval for a product in a particular country, we may be subject to price regulations or limited reimbursement, which may delay or limit our commercial launch of the product and negatively impact the revenue we are able to generate from the sale of the product in that country. Adverse pricing limitations may hinder our ability to recoup our total investment in our RECELL System or other future products, even after obtaining regulatory approval.

If we are unable to promptly obtain coverage and profitable payment rates from hospital budget, government-funded and private purchasers for the RECELL System or any future products, this could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, our ability to raise capital needed to commercialize products and our overall financial condition.

For example, we presently benefit from various reimbursement codes, including the following:

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for hospitals in inpatient services using Medicare Severity Diagnosis-Related Groups (“MS-DRGs”).

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Specific International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, Procedure Classification System (“ICD-10-PCS”) code series describing our “cell suspension technique” for the use of the RECELL System.

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CPT codes to support physician reimbursement for professional healthcare services, ambulatory surgical center (“ASCs”) reimbursement for facility services and hospital reimbursement for outpatient department services. Medicare reimburses

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ASCs for services using CPT codes and reimburses hospitals for outpatient services using Ambulatory Payment Classifications (“APCs”).

In addition, in 2022, we were approved for a TPT C code to support additional Medicare payment in the outpatient hospital and the ASC setting. There can be no guarantee that the above reimbursement codes will not be withdrawn, reduced, consolidated or otherwise be altered in a manner which is not supportive of ongoing commercial use of the RECELL System.

We may require additional financing in the future to continue the development and commercialization of our RECELL System or any future products, which may cause dilution to our existing stockholders. If additional financing is not available, we may have to postpone, reduce or cease operations.

If we are unable to achieve profitability sufficient to permit us to fund our operations, repay the indebtedness under our Credit Agreement with OrbiMed and other planned actions, we may be required to raise additional capital. There can be no assurance that such capital would be available on favorable terms, or at all. If we raise additional capital through the issuance of equity, the percentage ownership held by existing stockholders may be reduced, and the market price of our common stock or CDIs could fall due to an increased number of shares or CDIs available for sale in the market. If we are unable to secure additional capital as circumstances require, we may not be able to fund our planned activities or continue our operations.

We face manufacturing risks that may adversely affect our ability to manufacture products and could reduce our gross margins and negatively affect our business and operating results.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to manufacture our current and future products in sufficient quantities and on a timely basis to meet demand, while adhering to product quality standards, complying with regulatory quality system requirements and managing manufacturing costs. We have a manufacturing facility located in Ventura, California where we produce, package and warehouse the RECELL System. We also rely on global third-party manufacturers for production of some of the components used in the RECELL System. If our facility, or the facilities of our third-party contract manufacturers, suffer damage, or a force majeure event, this could materially impact our ability to operate.

We are also subject to other risks relating to our manufacturing capabilities, including:

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quality and reliability of components, sub-assemblies and materials that we source from third-party suppliers, who are required to meet our quality specifications, some of whom are our single-source suppliers for the products they supply;

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failure to secure raw materials, components and materials in a timely manner, in sufficient quantities or on commercially reasonable terms;

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inability to secure raw materials, components and materials of sufficient quality to meet the exacting needs of medical device manufacturing;

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inability to increase production capacity or volumes to meet demand; and

As demand for our products increases, we will have to invest additional resources to purchase raw materials and components, sub-assemblies and materials, hire and train employees and enhance our manufacturing processes. If we fail to increase our production capacity efficiently to meet demand for our products, we may not be able to fill customer orders on a timely basis, our sales may not increase in line with our expectations and our operating margins could fluctuate or decline. It may not be possible for us to manufacture our products at a cost or in quantities sufficient to make these products commercially viable or to maintain current operating margins, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we are continually identifying additional third-party suppliers who could serve if necessary as replacement manufacturers should the need arise.

Certain of our products are dependent on specialized sources of supply potentially subject to disruption which could have a material, adverse impact on our business.

Due to the cost and regulatory requirements associated with qualifying multiple suppliers, in the prior year we single-sourced some of our material components. To the extent that any of these single-sourced suppliers experience disruptions in deliveries due to production, quality, or other issues, we are potentially subject to similar production delays or unfavorable cost increases. In the current year, we invested resources in obtaining additional suppliers for some of our key raw materials, but these efforts only mitigate, and not eliminate, our supply chain risk.

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We rely on third parties to conduct, supervise and monitor our clinical trials. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our drug product candidates and our business could be substantially harmed.

We rely on clinical research organizations (“CRO”), and clinical trial sites to ensure our clinical trials are conducted properly and on time. While we will have agreements governing their activities, we will have limited influence over their actual performance. CROs manage and monitor the clinical trials, duties and functions, and we will control only certain aspects of our CROs’ activities. Nevertheless, we will be responsible for ensuring that each of our clinical trials is conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal, regulatory and scientific standards, and our reliance on the CROs does not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities.

We and our CROs are required to comply with the FDA’s GCPs for conducting, recording and reporting the results of clinical trials to assure that the data and reported results are credible and accurate and that the rights, integrity and confidentiality of clinical trial participants are protected. The FDA, and comparable foreign regulatory authorities, enforces these GCPs through periodic inspections of trial sponsors, principal investigators and clinical trial sites. If we or our CROs fail to comply with applicable GCPs, the clinical data generated in our future clinical trials may be deemed unreliable and the FDA or other foreign regulatory authorities may require us to perform additional clinical trials before approving any marketing applications.

If our CROs do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or obligations, fail to meet expected deadlines, or if the quality or accuracy of the clinical data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or regulatory requirements, or for any other reasons, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for, or successfully commercialize, our product candidates. If any such event were to occur, our financial results and the commercial prospects for our product candidates would be harmed, our costs could increase, and our ability to generate revenues could be delayed. If any of our relationships with these third-party CROs terminate, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative CROs or to do so on commercially reasonable terms. Further, switching or adding additional CROs involves additional costs and requires management time and focus. In addition, there is a natural transition period when a new CRO commences work. As a result, delays occur, which could materially impact our ability to meet our desired clinical development timelines. Though we carefully manage our relationships with our CROs, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and prospects.

Product recalls or inventory losses caused by unforeseen events may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

Our products are manufactured, stored and distributed using technically complex processes requiring specialized facilities, highly specific raw materials and other production constraints. The complexity of these processes, as well as strict company and government standards for the manufacture, storage and distribution of our product candidates, subjects us to risks. In addition, process deviations or unanticipated effects of approved process changes may result in production runs of our RECELL System not complying with stability requirements or specifications. The occurrence or suspected occurrence of production and distribution difficulties can lead to lost inventories and in some cases product recalls, with consequential reputational damage and the risk of product liability. The investigation and remediation of any identified problems can cause production delays, substantial expense, lost sales and delays of new product launches. In the event our production efforts require a recall or result in an inventory loss, our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected.

A cyber security incident could be disruptive to our business, compromise confidential data, cause reputation harm, and subject us to litigation and federal and state governmental inquiries.

We collect and store sensitive business and other information, including intellectual property and trade secrets, on our networks. Our business operations are dependent upon the secure maintenance of this information. Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer and information technology systems and those of our vendors and customers are vulnerable to attack and damage from computer viruses, malware, denial of service attacks, unauthorized access, or other harm, including from threat actors seeking to cause disruption to our business. We face risks related to the protection of information that we maintain—or engage a third-party to maintain on our behalf—including unauthorized access, acquisition, use, disclosure, or modification of such information. Cyberattacks are increasing in their frequency, sophistication and intensity and have become increasingly difficult to detect. Cyberattacks could include the deployment of harmful malware, ransomware, denial-of-service attacks, social engineering and other means to affect service reliability and threaten the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. Beyond external criminal activity, systems that access or control access to our services and databases may be compromised as a result of human error, fraud or malice on the part of employees or third parties, or may result from accidental technological failure. A material cyberattack or security incident could cause interruptions in our operations and could result in a material disruption of our business operations, damage to our reputation, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.

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We receive, collect, process, use and store a large amount of information from our customers and our own employees, including personal information, protected health and other sensitive and confidential information. If threat actors are able to circumvent or breach our security systems, they could steal any information located therein or cause serious and potentially long-lasting disruption to our operations. Security breaches or attempts thereof could also damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of monetary loss and/or litigation, fines and sanctions. We also face risks associated with security breaches affecting third parties that conduct business with us or our customers and others who interact with our data. While we maintain insurance that covers certain security incidents, we may not carry appropriate insurance or maintain sufficient coverage to compensate for all potential liability.

We are subject to diverse laws and regulations relating to data privacy and security, such as HIPPA and similar U.S. state data protection regulations, including the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), and European data privacy laws, including the E.U.’s General Data Protection Regulation. Complying with these numerous and complex regulations is expensive and difficult, and failure to comply with these regulations could result in regulatory scrutiny, fines, civil liability or damage to our reputation. In addition, any security breach or attempt thereof could result in liability for stolen assets or information, additional costs associated with repairing any system damage, incentives offered to clients or other business partners to maintain business relationships after a breach, and implementation of measures to prevent future breaches, including organizational changes, deployment of additional personnel and protection technologies, employee training and engagement of third-party experts and consultants. Additionally, the costs incurred to remediate any security incident could be substantial.

We cannot assure you that any of our third-party service providers with access to our, or our customers and/or employees’ personally identifiable and other sensitive or confidential information will not experience security breaches or attempts thereof, which could have a corresponding effect on our business.

We rely on information technology systems for critical business functions and the operations of our business.

We rely upon complex, integrated information technology (“IT”) systems in our business functions including our quality systems to operate our business. If any of our IT systems were to be disrupted or fail, our business could suffer irreparable harm, financial loss, and our operations would be adversely impacted.

The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and innovative. Our competitors may develop products that render our products less attractive or obsolete and our business may deteriorate.

The markets for our products are highly competitive and our competitors may develop products that may more effectively compete with our products, thus negatively impacting our sales, financial conditions and business prospects. Our competitors may have significantly more financial and other resources to invest in product development. We must continue to develop and market new products, or we risk our products becoming obsolete, in which case, our revenues may decline, and our business prospects may suffer.

Product development is an expensive, uncertain and lengthy process.

We have significant product development projects ongoing that, if successful, are intended to improve the ease and use of our device in our current burn indication, as well as in full-thickness skin defects, vitiligo and future indications. The costs, timeline and ultimate success of these product development programs are subject to risk and uncertainty. If we are not able to develop and obtain regulatory approval for these products in development in a timely fashion and within budget, our business prospects and financial condition may suffer.

Compliance with environmental, health and safety requirements is costly and, if not achieved, could result in material financial fines and penalties, expensive lawsuits, cessation of business operations, and a material adverse impact on the business.

Our manufacturing and other processes may involve the use of hazardous materials subject to federal, state, and local and foreign environmental requirements. Under some environmental laws and regulations, we could be held responsible for costs at third-party sites that we have used for waste disposal, or for contamination at our past or present facilities. Failure to comply with current environmental laws, or future laws, could result in significant fines, penalties and expenses which could have an adverse impact on our financial condition.

We may be subject to civil and criminal penalties if the FDA determines that we have marketed or promoted our products for off-label usage.

We are prohibited from promoting our products for uses that are inconsistent with the uses that have been approved by the FDA - also known as “off-label” uses. More specifically, we may not make claims, in our promotion materials, website or otherwise,

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about the use of any RECELL products which are outside of their approved labeling and indications. If the FDA determines that our marketing activities constitute off-label promotion, the FDA could impose fines and penalties on the Company and our executives, withdraw or recall our approved product from the market, as well as limit our product from off-label usage.

Risks Relating to our Industry and Intellectual Property

We face competition from the existing standard of care and any future potential changes in medical practice and technology and the possibility that our competitors may develop products, treatments or procedures that are similar, more advanced, safer or more effective than ours.

The medical device, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, specifically relating to the areas where we currently or intend to market our RECELL System, are intensely competitive and subject to significant changes due to technology and medical practice standards. We may face competition from any number of different sources with respect to any products we develop and commercialize.

Our commercial opportunity could be reduced or eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize products, treatments or procedures that are safer, more effective, have fewer or less severe side effects, are more convenient or are less expensive than our RECELL System or any future products we develop. Many of our current or future competitors may have significantly greater financial resources and experience and expertise in research and development, manufacturing, preclinical testing, conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing approved products than we may have. Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and biotechnology industries or wound care markets may result in increased concentration of resources among a smaller number of our competitors. Other early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. These companies compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring technologies complementary to, or necessary for, our programs.

We could be subject to product liability lawsuits, which could result in costly and time-consuming litigation and significant liabilities.

The development of medical device products, such as our RECELL System, involves an inherent risk of product liability claims and associated financial liability and adverse publicity. Any products we may develop could be found to be harmful or to contain harmful substances and expose us to substantial liability and risk of litigation or may force us to discontinue production. We may be unable to obtain or maintain insurance on reasonable terms or otherwise protect ourselves against potential product liability claims that could impede or prevent further business development of any products we may create and commercialize. Furthermore, a product liability claim could damage our reputation, whether or not such claims are covered by insurance or have merit. A product liability claim against us or the withdrawal of a product from the market could have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition. Furthermore, product liability lawsuits, regardless of their success, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management’s time and attention, which could seriously harm our business.

If we are unable to effectively protect our intellectual property, we may not be able to operate our business and third parties may be able to use and profit from our technology, both of which would impair our ability to be competitive.

Our success will be heavily dependent on our ability to obtain and maintain meaningful patent protection for our technologies and products throughout the world. Patent law relating to the technology fields in which we will operate is still evolving. The amount of ongoing protection for our proprietary rights therefore is uncertain. We will rely on patents to protect a significant part of our intellectual property and to enhance our competitive position. However, our presently pending or future patent applications may be denied, and any patent previously issued to us or our subsidiaries may be challenged, invalidated, held unenforceable or circumvented. In 2019, we filed a Patent Term Extension (“PTE”) application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark for U.S. Patent No. 9,029,140, which covers the RECELL System, as a result of patent term lost to the FDA regulatory process. The PTE application was approved, and the patent term of U.S. Patent No. 9,029,140, has been extended to April 9, 2024. Our other patents have expected expiration dates ranging from 2032 to 2033, while our pending patent applications, if granted, would have expiration dates ranging from 2032 to 2042. Furthermore, the patent protections we have been granted may not be broad enough to prevent competitors from producing products similar to ours.

In addition, the laws of various foreign countries in which we may compete may not protect our intellectual property to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. If we fail to obtain adequate patent protection for our proprietary technology, our ability to be commercially competitive will be materially impaired.

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In the ordinary course of business and as appropriate, we intend to apply for additional patents covering both our technologies and products, as we deem appropriate. Our existing patents and any future patents we obtain may not be sufficiently broad to prevent others from practicing our technologies or developing competing products and technologies. In addition, because patent law is evolving in the life science industry, the patent positions of companies like ours are uncertain. As a result, the validity and enforceability of our patents cannot be predicted with certainty.

We may find it difficult to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on all of our technologies and products in every jurisdiction is expensive. Competitors could reverse engineer our technologies in jurisdictions where we have not obtained patent protection to develop their own products. These products may compete with our products and may not be covered by any patent claims or other intellectual property rights.

The laws of some countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States and many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. This lack of protection, particularly in relation to biotechnology, could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents. Proceedings to enforce our patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial cost and divert the efforts and attention of key personnel from other aspects of our business.

We may incur substantial costs as a result of litigation or other proceedings relating to patent and other intellectual property rights and we may be unable to protect our rights to, or use of, our technology.

If we choose to go to court to stop someone else from using the intellectual property claimed in our patents or our licensed patents, that individual or company has the right to ask the court to rule that these patents are invalid and/or should not be enforced against that third party. These lawsuits are expensive and would distract our key personnel and consume time and other resources, even if we were successful in stopping the infringement of these patents. In addition, there is a risk that a court will decide that these patents are invalid or unenforceable and that we do not have the right to stop the other party from using the inventions or, even if the validity or enforceability of these patents is upheld, the court may refuse to stop the other party because the competitors’ activities do not infringe our rights.

If third parties make claims of intellectual property infringement against us, or otherwise seek to establish their intellectual property rights equal or superior to ours, we may have to spend time and money in response and potentially discontinue certain of our operations.

While we currently do not believe it to be the case, third parties may claim that we are employing their proprietary technology without authorization or that we are infringing on their patents. If such claims were made, we could incur substantial costs coupled with diversion of our management and key technical personnel in defending against these claims. Furthermore, parties making claims against us may be able to obtain injunctive or other equitable relief which could effectively halt our ability to further develop, commercialize and sell products. In the event of a successful claim of infringement, courts may order us to pay damages and obtain one or more licenses from third parties. We may not be able to obtain these licenses at a reasonable cost, if at all. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses could prevent us from commercializing available products and have a material negative effect on our business.

Our current and future relationships with investigators, health care professionals, consultants, third-party payors, and customers will be subject to applicable healthcare regulatory laws, which could expose us to penalties.

Our business operations and current and future relationships with investigators, healthcare professionals, consultants, third-party payors and customers may expose us to broadly applicable fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations. These laws regulate the business or financial arrangements and relationships through which we conduct our operations, including how we research, market, sell and distribute our products for which we obtain marketing approval. Such laws include:

•

the federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits, among other things, persons and entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, to induce or reward, or in return for, either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of, any good, facility, item or service, for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under a federal healthcare program such as Medicare and Medicaid. A person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute or specific intent to violate it to have committed a violation; in addition, the government may assert that a claim including

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items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the civil False Claims Act;

•

the federal false claims laws including the civil False Claims Act, which can be enforced through civil whistleblower or qui tam actions, and civil monetary penalties laws, which impose criminal and civil penalties against individuals or entities for knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented to the federal government, claims for payment that are false or fraudulent, knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used, a false record or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim, or knowingly making, or causing to be made, a false statement to avoid, decrease or conceal an obligation to pay money to the federal government; in addition, the government may assert that a claim including items and services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the civil False Claims Act;

•

HIPAA imposes criminal and civil liability for, among other things, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or making false or fraudulent statements relating to healthcare matters. Similar to the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it to have committed a violation;

•

HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and its implementing regulations, also imposes obligations, including mandatory contractual terms, with respect to safeguarding the privacy, security and transmission of individually identifiable health information on health plans, health care clearing houses, and certain health care providers, known as covered entities, and their business associates, defined as independent contractors or agents of covered entities that create, receive or obtain protected health information in connection with providing a service for or on behalf of a covered entity as well as their covered subcontractors;

•

a number of federal, state and foreign laws, regulations, guidance and standards that impose requirements regarding the protection of health data that are applicable to or affect our operations;

•

the federal transparency requirements, sometimes referred to as the “Sunshine Act,” under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies for which payment is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (with certain exceptions) to report annually to the government information related to payments or other "transfers of value" made to physicians (defined to include doctors, dentists, optometrists, podiatrists and chiropractors) and teaching hospitals, and requires applicable manufacturers and group purchasing organizations to report annually to the government ownership and investment interests held by the physicians described above and their immediate family members. Applicable manufacturers are also required to report such information regarding their relationships with physician assistants, nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, certified registered nurse anesthetists and certified nurse midwives during the previous year; and

•

analogous state and foreign laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, may apply to our business practices, including but not limited to, research, distribution, sales, and marketing arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private insurers, or otherwise restrict payments that may be made to healthcare providers and other potential referral sources; and state laws that require medical device companies to comply with the industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant compliance guidance promulgated by the federal government; state laws that require medical device manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers, marketing expenditures or drug pricing, as well as state and local laws that require the registration of sales representatives; and state and foreign laws governing the privacy and security of health information in some circumstances, many of which differ from each other in significant ways and often are not preempted by HIPAA, thus complicating compliance efforts.

Defending against any such actions can be costly, time-consuming and may require significant financial and personnel resources. Therefore, even if we are successful in defending against any such actions that may be brought against us, our business may be impaired.

The continued successful commercialization of the RECELL system for FDA approved and pending indications, will depend in part on the extent to which government authorities and health insurers establish adequate reimbursement levels and pricing policies.

Continued sales of the RECELL System depend in part on the availability of coverage and reimbursement from third-party payers such as government insurance programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, private health insurers, health maintenance organizations and other health care related organizations, who are increasingly challenging the price of medical products and services.

Both the federal and state governments in the United States continue to propose and pass new legislation, regulations, and policies affecting coverage and reimbursement rates, which are designed to contain or reduce the cost of health care. Further federal and state proposals and healthcare reforms are likely, which could limit the prices that can be charged for the RECELL System and may further limit our commercial opportunity. For example, on August 16, 2022, President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act

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of 2022, or the IRA, into law, which among other things, extends enhanced subsidies for individuals purchasing health insurance coverage in Affordable Care Act marketplaces through plan year 2025. The IRA also eliminates the “donut hole” under the Medicare Part D program beginning in 2025 by significantly lowering the beneficiary maximum out-of-pocket cost through a newly established manufacturer discount program. It is possible that the Affordable Care Act will be subject to judicial or Congressional challenges in the future. Accordingly, we continue to evaluate the effect that the Affordable Care Act has on our business.

There also may be future changes unrelated to the IRA that result in reductions in potential coverage and reimbursement levels for our product and we cannot predict the scope of any future changes or the impact that those changes would have on our operations. Cost control initiatives may decrease coverage and payment levels and, in turn, the price that we will be able to charge and/or the volume of our sales. We are unable to predict all changes to the coverage or reimbursement methodologies that will be applied by private or government payers. Any denial of private or government payer coverage, such as the Affordable Care Act, the IRA, as well as other federal, state, and foreign healthcare reform measures that have been and may be adopted in the future, or inadequate reimbursement could harm our business and reduce our revenue. Additionally, if rebate obligations associated with them are substantially greater than we expect, our future net revenue and profitability could be materially diminished.

Macroeconomic and Social Risks

Adverse changes in general economic conditions or uncertainty about future economic conditions, including economic uncertainty from the departures of critical personnel from the industry, could adversely affect us.

We are subject to the risks arising from adverse changes in general economic market conditions. Uncertainty about future economic conditions could negatively affect our current and prospective customers causing them to delay the purchase of our products. Poor economic conditions could harm our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In addition, a number of nurses and other critical personnel in burn centers who are trained and well versed in the use of the RECELL system have determined to change occupations. Nationally, this has been termed the “great resignation”. The fact that many burn center employees have moved on to other positions or industries may limit our ability to increase adoption of our RECELL system as we will be required to train a new group of nurses and other personnel critical to the implementation of the RECELL system.

Customer and consumer demand for our products may be impacted by weak economic conditions, recession, equity market volatility or other negative economic factors in the U.S. or other nations. The severity and length of time that a downturn in economic and financial market conditions may persist, as well as the timing, strength and sustainability of any recovery from such downturn, are unknown and are beyond our control.

Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and CDIs

We have never paid a dividend on our common stock and CDIs and do not intend to do so in the foreseeable future, and consequently, investors’ only opportunity to realize a return on their investment in the Company is through the appreciation in the price of our common stock and CDIs.

We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock and CDIs in the foreseeable future and intend to retain all earnings, if any, for our operations. If we decided to pay dividends at some future time, we may not have sufficient funds legally available to do so. Even if funds are legally available for distribution, we may be unable to pay any dividends to our stockholders because of limitations imposed by a lack of liquidity. Accordingly, our stockholders may have to sell some or all of their common stock or CDIs (as applicable) in order to generate cash flow from their investment. Our stockholders may not receive a gain on their investment when they sell their common stock or CDIs and may lose some or all of their investment. Any determination to pay dividends in the future on our common stock and CDIs will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on our results of operations, financial conditions, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law, capital requirements, and other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant.

As long as we remain subject to the rules of the ASX and of Nasdaq, we will be unable to access equity capital without stockholder approval if such equity capital sales would result in an equity issuance above regulatory thresholds and consequently, we may be unable to obtain financing sufficient to sustain our business if we are unsuccessful in soliciting requisite stockholder approvals.

Our ability to access equity capital is currently limited by ASX Listing Rule 7.1, which provides that a company must not, subject to specified exceptions, issue or agree to issue during any consecutive 12-month period any equity securities, or other securities with rights to conversion to equity, if the number of those securities in aggregate would exceed 15% of the number of outstanding common shares at the commencement of that 12-month period unless stockholder approval is obtained.

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Our equity issuances will be limited by ASX Listing Rule 7.1 so long as we continue to be listed on the ASX and this constraint may prevent us from raising the full amount of equity capital needed for operations without prior stockholder approval.

In addition to ASX Listing Rule 7.1, we are also subject to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(d), commonly referred to as the Nasdaq 20% Rule, which requires stockholder approval of a transaction other than a public offering involving the sale, issuance, or potential issuance by a company of common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock) equal to 20% or more of the common stock, or 20% or more of the voting power outstanding before the issuance for less than the greater of book or market value of the shares. While less restrictive than ASX Listing Rule 7.1, the operation of the Nasdaq 20% rule could limit our ability to raise capital through issuance of common stock or convertible securities without jeopardizing our listing status. If we were to violate the Nasdaq 20% rule, the Company would be subject to delisting from Nasdaq and share prices and trading volumes would likely suffer.

There has been relatively limited trading volume in the markets for our common stock and CDIs, and more active, liquid trading markets for such securities may never develop.

Trading in our common stock on Nasdaq and our CDIs on the ASX is often thin and susceptible to wide fluctuations in trading prices due to such limited trading volume and other factors, some of which may have little to do with our operations or business prospects. Limited liquidity in the trading markets for our common stock and CDIs may adversely affect a stockholder’s ability to sell its shares of our common stock or our CDIs at the time it wishes to sell them or at a price that it considers acceptable. In addition, if a more active, liquid public trading market does not develop we may be limited in our ability to raise capital by selling shares of common stock or CDIs. We cannot assure you that more active, liquid public trading markets for our common stock and CDIs will develop or, if developed, will be sustained.

The market price and trading volume of our common stock and CDIs may be volatile and may be affected by variability in our performance from period to period and economic conditions beyond management’s control.

The market price of our common stock (including common stock represented by CDIs) may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. This means that our stockholders could experience a decrease in the value of their common stock or CDIs regardless of our operating performance or prospects. The market prices of securities of companies operating in the medical device and biotech sectors have often experienced fluctuations that have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating results of these companies. In addition, the trading volume of our common stock and CDIs may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our common stock or CDIs declines significantly, our stockholders may be unable to resell our common stock or CDIs at or above their purchase price, if at all. There can be no assurance that the market price of our common stock and CDIs will not fluctuate or significantly decline in the future.

Some specific factors that could negatively affect the price of our common stock and CDIs or result in fluctuations in their price and trading volume include:

•

actual or expected fluctuations in our operating results;

•

actual or expected changes in our growth rates or our competitors’ growth rates;

•

results of clinical trials of our product candidates;

•

results of clinical trials of our competitors’ products;

•

regulatory actions with respect to our products or our competitors’ products;

•

reports of one or more patient serious adverse events;

•

publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors in the industry;

•

our failure or the failure of our competitors to meet analysts’ projections or guidance that we or our competitors may give to the market;

•

fluctuations of exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the Australian dollar;

•

issuances by us of debt or equity securities;

•

litigation involving our company, including stockholder litigation;

•

investigations or audits by regulators into the operations of our company;

•

proceedings initiated by our competitors or clients;

•

strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy;

•

sales or perceived potential sales of the common stock or CDIs by us, our directors, executive management team or our stockholders in the future;

•

short selling or other market manipulation activities;

•

announcement or expectation of additional financing efforts;

•

terrorist acts, acts of war or periods of widespread civil unrest;

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•

natural disasters and other calamities;

•

changes in market conditions for biopharmaceutical stocks;

•

our inability to raise additional capital, limiting our ability to continue as a going concern;

•

changes in market prices for our product or for our raw materials;

•

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

•

changes in key personnel for us or our competitors;

•

speculation in the press or investment community;

•

changes or proposed changes in laws and regulations affecting our industry; and

•

conditions in the financial markets in general or changes in general economic conditions.

The requirements of being a public company in the United States and listed on the ASX may strain our resources and divert management’s attention.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Act and the listing standards and the rules and regulations of Nasdaq. We are also subject to the reporting requirements under the ASX Listing Rules due to the listing of our CDIs on ASX. The requirements of these rules and regulations will increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time consuming and costly, and can place significant strain on our personnel, systems and resources. As a result of our disclosure of information in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible, which may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors, stockholders or third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.

We are an emerging growth company, and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”). For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of certain exemptions and relief from various U.S. reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including (i) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) having the option of delaying the adoption of certain new or revised financial accounting standards, (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and (iv) exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We have taken, and in the future may take, advantage of these exemptions until such time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. Accordingly, the information contained herein and in other reports we file with the SEC may be different than the information our investors receive from other public companies in which they hold stock. Further, we have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. As a result, our operating results and financial statements may not be comparable to the operating results and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards. It is possible that some investors will find our common stock and CDIs less attractive as a result, which may result in a less active trading market for our common stock and CDIs and higher volatility in our stock and CDI price.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act which, given the filing of the S-8 Registration Statement on August 27, 2020, will be December 31, 2025, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, (iii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period.

If research analysts publish unfavorable commentary or downgrade our common stock or CDIs it could adversely affect our share price and trading volume.

The trading market for our common stock and CDIs depends, in part, on the research and reports that research analysts publish about us and our business and industry. If one or more research analysts downgrade our shares or CDIs, publish unfavorable commentary about the Company or cease publishing reports about us or our business, the price of our common stock and CDIs could decline. If one or more of the research analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock and CDIs could decrease, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.

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General Risk Factors

The Company's cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities could be adversely affected by bank failures or other events affecting financial institutions and could adversely affect our liquidity and financial performance.

We regularly maintain domestic cash deposits in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured banks, which exceed the FDIC insurance limits. We also maintain cash deposits in foreign banks where we operate, some of which are not insured or are only partially insured by the FDIC or other similar agencies. The failure or rumored failure of a bank, or events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance, bankruptcy, receivership or other adverse developments in the financial or credit markets impacting financial institutions, may lead to disruptions in access to our bank deposits. These disruptions may adversely impact our liquidity and financial performance. There can be no assurance that our deposits in excess of the FDIC or other comparable insurance limits will be backstopped by the U.S. or applicable foreign government, or that any bank or financial institution with which we do business will be able to obtain needed liquidity from other banks, government institutions or by acquisition in the event of a failure or liquidity crisis. As such, those funds in bank deposit accounts in excess of the standard FDIC insurance limits are uninsured and subject to the risk of bank failure.

Currently, we have full access to all funds in deposit accounts or other money management arrangements. The failure of any bank in which we deposit our funds could reduce the amount of cash that we have available for our operations or delay our ability to access such funds. In the event of such failure, we may experience delays or other issues in meeting our financial obligations, our ability to access our cash and cash equivalents may be threatened and could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Future adverse developments with respect to specific financial institutions or the broader financial services industry may also lead to market-wide liquidity shortages.

If we fail to manage our growth effectively, our business could be disrupted.

Our future financial performance and ability to successfully commercialize our products, which is not guaranteed, and to compete in the market will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any future growth effectively. We expect to make significant investments to facilitate our future growth through, among other things:

•

new product development;

•

commercial development of our RECELL System to such areas full-thickness skin defects and vitiligo;

•

clinical trials for additional indications; and

•

funding of our marketing and sales infrastructure.

Any failure to manage future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our growth and success depend on our ability to attract and retain additional highly qualified and skilled sales and marketing, research and development, operational, managerial and finance personnel.

Competition for skilled personnel is intense and the unexpected loss of an employee with a particular skill could have a material adverse effect on our operations until a replacement can be found and trained. If we cannot attract and retain skilled scientific and operational personnel for our research and development and manufacturing operations on acceptable terms, we may not be able to develop and commercialize our products. Further, any failure to effectively integrate new personnel could prevent us from successfully growing our company.

Our operations are subject to anti-corruption laws, including Australian bribery laws, and the FCPA and other anti-corruption laws that apply in countries where we do business.

Anti-corruption laws generally prohibit us and our employees and intermediaries from bribing, being bribed or making other prohibited payments to government officials or other persons to obtain or retain business or gain some other business advantage. We participate in collaborations and relationships with third parties whose actions could potentially subject us to liability under these anti-corruption laws. In addition, we cannot predict the nature, scope, or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our international operations might be subject or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted.

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There is no assurance that we will be completely effective in ensuring our compliance with all applicable anti-corruption laws or other laws including trade related laws. If we are not in compliance with these laws, we may be subject to criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement and other sanctions and remedial measures, and legal expenses, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Likewise, any investigation of any potential violations of these laws by respective government bodies could also have an adverse impact on our reputation, our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

Item 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Risk Management and Strategy

AVITA Medical has implemented an Information Security Management System (“ISMS”). The Company’s ISMS is a continuous process designed to analyze the potential risks, vulnerabilities, the likeliness of occurrence and the related consequences of cybersecurity threats. The process is based on establishing the context, assessing the risks, and treating the risks. The key concept of the ISMS is to consistently maintain and improve confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets that should be protected by the organization on behalf of itself and its clients, and third parties. Once a risk, threat or vulnerability is identified, the Company establishes a risk treatment plan to take corrective action to prevent risks that can be avoided and minimize the ones that cannot. We engage an independent third-party cybersecurity services and consulting firm to continuously review our information security. We also conduct internal phishing campaigns and perform an independent penetration test on an annual basis. In addition, we conduct regular security awareness training and testing of our employees. The Company has not had any material cybersecurity incidents.

All related activities ISMC activities have been structured into a framework consisting of:

1.

Context establishment - Established in accordance with the requirements of International Organization for Standardization 27001 and 27002 (“ISO 27001” and “ISO 27002”). The ISO 27001, Information security management systems, provides a framework and guidelines for establishing, implementing and managing an ISMS and ISO 27002, Information security controls, provides a reference set of generic information security controls including implementation guidance.

2.

Risk Assessment - Relates to an evaluation and identification of risks, threats and vulnerabilities that exist or could exist, identifies the likelihood of occurrence and potential consequences. As part of the risk assessment management prioritizes the assessed risks from low to high based on likelihood and level of impact.

3.

Risk Treatment – will detail the remediation process for risks, vulnerabilities and threats identified to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.

4.

Risk Acceptance- The Company’s risk assessment is evaluated from a Low (1) to a High (3) on the Impact the threat would have on the Company and its operations and the likelihood of occurrence. Threat ratings created from the Impact and probability calculations will result with a value from 1- 9.

a.

Low (1 – 2.99) = Risk level acceptable and no further action deemed necessary

b.

Medium (2 – 5.99) and High (6 - 9) – implement risk management to reduce the risk to an acceptable level

5.

Risk Communications- Results of the risk assessment are communicated to appropriate level of management. Report includes the identified risk and vulnerability summaries. Updates will include treatment plans and status updates.

6.

Risk Monitoring and Review -Continuously performed to evaluate any changes or the need for changes. The Company uses the Ontrack software solution (“Ontrack”) to monitor and track all aspects of risk assessment. Ontrack also serves as tool to track any cybersecurity incidents and remediation tasks.

Disclosure of Management’s Responsibility

The Company’s Chief Financial Officer is primarily responsible for overseeing the Cybersecurity Risk Management Program and leading the Company’s efforts to mitigate technology risks in partnership with various business leaders in the organization. For qualifications of the CFO refer to Item 10 of the form 10-K. We have protocols, policies and tools in place to mitigate cybersecurity risk. They also provide the administrative, technical, and physical safeguards to ensure the security, confidentiality, integrity and availability of confidential information and personal information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, alteration, destruction or theft. In addition, we engage an independent third party annually to assess our IT general controls and IT security. Special focus is given to maintaining and improving our alignment with ISO 27001. Additionally, we have a cybersecurity incident response plan in place that provides a documented framework for handling high and low severity security incidents and facilitates coordination across

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multiple parts of the business. We have engaged an external consultant to provide oversight and technical expertise to our ISMS process. Finally, cybersecurity is integrated into the Company’s training as all employees are required to take security awareness training.

Disclosure of the Board’s Responsibility

While management is primarily responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks on a day-to-day basis, the Company’s Board of Directors oversees management’s efforts to assess and manage risk. The Board (in conjunction particularly with the Audit Committee) monitors the cybersecurity risk assessment and response process. The Audit Committee is briefed by our Chief Financial Officer on our cybersecurity ISMS program and the overall cybersecurity risk environment. The briefing may include discussions on topics such as: information security and technology risks, cybersecurity risk assessment process and updates, information risk management strategies, and progress on cybersecurity and data protection training initiatives for employees, among others.

Item 2. PROPERTIES

Our principal corporate office is located at 28159 Avenue Stanford, Suite 220, Valencia, California 91355. We lease the 17,500 square foot facility under a lease agreement that expires on October 31, 2026. Our production plant in Ventura, California is a 27,480 square foot facility that we lease through September 30, 2027 with the right to extend the lease, at our sole option, as a result of two, three-year options that allow us to extend the lease up to an additional six years in total. The Company also has an administrative office lease in Irvine, California of approximately 10,700 square feet that is currently leased through the end of July 2028. We do not own any real property. We believe that leased facilities are adequate to meet current needs and that additional facilities will, if required, be available for lease to meet future needs.

Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are currently not aware of any material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party or of which any of our property is the subject, nor are we aware of any such proceedings that are contemplated by any governmental authority. From time to time, as an operating business, we are involved in routine disputes (both formal and informal) with customers, manufacturing partners and employees.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

The Company’s common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “RCEL” and the Company’s CDIs are quoted on the ASX under the ticker code “AVH”. One share of common stock on Nasdaq is equivalent to five CDIs on the ASX.

Holders

As of January 31, 2024, the Company had approximately 4 unique stockholders of record of our common stock (which includes 20,497 holders of record of the Company’s CDIs, with each representing 1/5 of a share of common stock, and CHESS Depositary Nominees Pty Ltd, holds the legal title to all of the outstanding common stock underlying the CDIs of the Company).

Dividends

We have never paid cash dividends to our stockholders or to the holders of ordinary shares in the former parent company, AVITA Australia. We intend to retain future earnings for use in our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock and CDIs in the foreseeable future. Any future dividend policy will be determined by our board of directors and will be based upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, current and anticipated cash needs, future prospects, contractual restrictions and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant.

Item 6. [Reserved]

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Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITIONS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Objective

The purpose of this Management's Discussion and Analysis is to better allow our investors to understand and view our company from management's perspective. We are providing an overview of our business and strategy including a discussion of our financial condition and results of operations. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the years-ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report.

Overview

AVITA Medical is a commercial-stage regenerative medicine company transforming the standard of care for skin restoration with innovative devices and autologous cellular therapies. At the forefront of our portfolio is our patented and proprietary RECELL® System, approved by the United States Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) for the treatment of thermal burn wounds and full-thickness skin defects, and for repigmentation of stable depigmented vitiligo lesions. RECELL harnesses the regenerative properties of a patient’s own skin to create an autologous skin cell suspension, Spray-On SkinTM Cells, delivering a transformative solution at the point of care. This breakthrough technology serves as the catalyst for a new treatment paradigm enabling improved clinical outcomes.

Our objective is to become the leading provider of regenerative medicine addressing unmet medical needs in burn injuries, full-thickness skin defects, and in skin repigmentation, such as vitiligo. To achieve this objective, we plan to:

•

Become the standard of care in the U.S. burns industry by increasing RECELL System penetration in burn centers

•

Continue to commercialize the RECELL System in the U.S. for treatment of full-thickness skin defects

•

Expand our global presence within the European Union and Australia through the exclusive use of third-party distributors.

•

Launch RECELL GO following FDA approval to increase market adoption, expand our customer base, and facilitate international commercialization

•

Establish commercial payor coverage for the RECELL System in the U.S. for the repigmentation of stable depigmented vitiligo lesions, which we expect will begin during the fourth quarter of 2025

•

Further invest in our RECELL System platform to automate and improve workflow, speed, and ease of use as it relates to specific indications, as well as to build upon our intellectual property estate

•

Continue to build upon commercial activities in Japan through our partnership with COSMOTEC Company, Ltd with our current PMDA approval for RECELL with an indication in burns

•

Develop and pursue viable commercial activities outside of the U.S. and Japan following the FDA approvals of the RECELL System for full-thickness skin defects and repigmentation of stable depigmented vitiligo lesions

•

Pursue business development opportunities that are complementary to our core RECELL System indications and/or our targeted markets

•

Improve our margins and profitability by leveraging our current team and infrastructure across an expanding base of business in burns and in future indications

•

With the successful execution of the exclusive distribution agreement with Stedical Scientific, Inc., we will begin distribution of the PermeaDerm® Biosynthetic Wound Matrix in the United States using our existing sales force. Refer to Note 20 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details

Business Environment and Current Trends

Changes in reimbursement rates by third party payors may place additional financial pressure on hospitals and the broader healthcare system. Healthcare institutions may take actions to mitigate any persistent pressures on their budgets and such actions could impact the future demand for our products. Geopolitical conditions may also impact our operations. Although we do not have operations in Russia, Ukraine or in the Middle East, the continuation of the Russia-Ukraine military conflict and the conflict in the Middle East, and potential escalation of the conflicts beyond their current scope may further weaken the global economy and could result in additional inflationary pressures and supply chain constraints.

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Results of Operations

Year-Ended December 31, 2023, compared to the Year-Ended December 31, 2022

The table below summarizes the results of our operations for each of the periods presented (in thousands).

Year-Ended Year-Ended $ %

Statement of Operations Data: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Change Change

Operating expenses:

Income tax expense (66 ) (36 ) (30 ) (83 )%

*nm = not meaningful

Total net revenues increased by 46%, or $15.7 million, to $50.1 million, compared to $34.4 million in the year-ended December 31, 2022. Our commercial revenue, which excludes BARDA revenue, was $49.8 million for the year-ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $15.8 million, or 46%, compared to $34 million in the year-ended December 31, 2022. The growth in commercial revenues was largely driven by deeper penetration within individual customer accounts and the full-thickness skin defects launch along with the commencement of commercial sales with our partner COSMOTEC in Japan.

Gross profit margin increased by 2% to 84.5% compared to 82.4% in the year-ended December 31, 2022. The increase in gross profit margin is largely driven by higher production along with lower shipping costs.

BARDA income consisted of funding from BARDA, under the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under ongoing USG Contract No. HHSO100201500028C. BARDA income decreased 56% or $1.8 million to $1.4 million, compared to $3.2 million in the year-ended December 31, 2022, due to reimbursable clinical trials winding down.

Total operating expenses increased by 46% or $27.3 million to $86.4 million, compared with $59.1 million in the year-ended December 31, 2022.

Sales and marketing expenses increased by 70%, or $15.4 million, to $37.3 million, compared to $21.9 million incurred in the year-ended December 31, 2022. Higher costs in the current year were primarily attributed to higher salaries and benefits, commissions, recruitment fees and travel costs. The increase in salaries and benefits and recruitment fees are due to the preparation of the commercial launch of full-thickness skin defects in June 2023. Higher commissions and travel costs were directly associated with the increase in revenues.

General and administrative expenses increased by 21%, or $5.0 million, to $28.3 million, compared to $23.3 million incurred in the year-ended December 31, 2022. The increase was attributable to salaries and benefits, deferred compensation expense, stock-based compensation, and severance costs. Higher salary and benefits are driven by the increase in headcount. The increase in deferred compensation expense is driven by our deferred compensation liability which generally tracks the movements in the stock market. Severance costs in the current year were due to the termination of three former executive officers, partially offset by the termination of a former executive officer in the prior year.

Research and development expenses increased by 50%, or $6.9 million, to $20.8 million, compared to $13.9 million incurred in the year-ended December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher clinical trial costs associated with the TONE study as well as other research and development costs associated with furthering our pipeline, and the development of the next generation

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RECELL GO for preparation of Spray-On Skin Cells, which resulted in a PMA submission in June 2023. We also had increased expenses associated with building out a team of Medical Science Liaisons in support of the new full-thickness skin defects indication.

Interest expense increased by $1.1 million due to the new Credit Agreement entered into with OrbiMed Advisors, LLC on October 18, 2023.

Other income, net increased by $7.6 million in the current year primarily due to an increase of $2.1 million in income from our investment activities, wind down of certain foreign subsidiaries that resulted in a $9.4 million gain, partially offset by a loss on debt issuance of $1.2 million, debt issuance costs of $0.8 million and the change of fair value for our debt of $1.6 million and change in fair value of warrants for $0.7 million. We had an increase of approximately $2.1 million in interest income due to higher investment yields. By the end of the fourth quarter of 2023 the business activities of AVITA Medical Pty Limited, AVITA Medical Europe Limited, Visiomed Group Pty Ltd, C3 Operations Pty Ltd and Infamed Pty Ltd were essentially dissolved. As part of the liquidation the company recognized $9.4 million of non-cash foreign currency exchange gains associated with the elimination of the foreign subsidiaries. The gains were offset by expenses related to issuance of debt. We recognized approximately $1.2 million loss on debt issuance as the fair value of the debt and the warrants on the issuance date exceeded the proceeds received on October 18, 2023, the closing date. In addition, we incurred approximately $0.8 million in debt issuance costs. We also recognized $1.7 million and $0.7 million of non-cash charges due to the change in fair value of the debt and the warrant liability, respectively. As permitted under ASC 825, we elected the fair value option to account for the debt, and recorded the debt and warrants at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in fair value related to instrument specific credit risk for the debt are included in Other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Net loss increased by $8.8 million, to $35.4 million, over the $26.7 million recognized in the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in net loss was driven by the higher operating expenses, partially offset by higher revenues and the non-cash charges as described above.

Year-Ended December 31, 2022, compared to the Year-Ended December 31, 2021

The table below summarizes the results of our operations for each of the periods presented (in thousands).

Year-Ended Year-Ended $ %

Statement of Operations Data: December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Change Change

Operating expenses:

Income tax expense (36 ) (42 ) 6 14 %

*nm = not meaningful

Total net revenue increased by 4% or $1.4 million to $34.4 million, compared to $33.0 million in the year-ended December 31, 2021, which included $7.9 million from our delivery of units to managed inventory for BARDA (of the Office for the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response) for emergency response preparedness. Total commercial revenue, which excludes BARDA revenue, increased by 36% or $9.0 million to $34.0 million in the year-ended December 31, 2022, compared to $25.1 million in the year-ended December 31, 2021. The growth in commercial revenues was largely driven by deeper penetration within individual customer accounts along with the commencement of commercial sales with our partner COSMOTEC in Japan.

Gross profit margin was 82% and relatively flat compared to the year-ended December 31, 2021.

BARDA income consisted of funding from BARDA, under the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under ongoing USG Contract No. HHSO100201500028C. Under the BARDA

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contract, income of $3.2 million was recognized during the year-ended December 31, 2022, compared to income of $1.6 million for the year-ended December 31, 2021. BARDA income increased as a result of funding by BARDA for the pivotal trial for use of the RECELL System for soft tissue repair.

Total operating expenses increased by 10% or $5.5 million to $59.1 million, compared to $53.6 million in the year-ended December 31, 2021.

Sales and marketing expenses increased by 35%, or $5.6 million, to $21.9 million, compared to $16.3 million recognized in the year-ended December 31, 2021. Increased costs in the current year were primarily driven by higher selling costs, pre-commercialization costs and higher salaries and benefits. Higher selling costs are attributable to increased commissions due to increased revenue and higher costs for travel, hands-on professional education, and training. Increased pre-commercialization costs are driven by activities related to future RECELL launches in soft tissue repair and vitiligo. Higher salaries and benefits were primarily due to additional field personnel added to deepen penetration within individual customer accounts.

General and administrative expenses increased by 8%, or $1.6 million, to $23.3 million, compared to $21.7 million recognized in the year-ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher salaries and benefits and share-based compensation expenses. Higher salaries and benefits costs were due to the expansion of our workforce to support overall operations along with severance costs associated with the termination of a former executive officer. Higher share-based compensation expense was due to the new equity grants in the current period, partially offset by the reversal of expense for unvested awards related to the termination of a former executive officer in the current year.

Research and development expenses decreased by 12%, or $1.8 million, to $13.9 million, compared to $15.7 million recognized in the year-ended December 31, 2021. Research and development costs were lower due to the following: pediatric burn study was closed for enrollment, soft tissue repair and vitiligo trial participants were in less costly follow-up phases this period compared to more costly recruitment and treatment phases in the prior period, and lower expense for sponsored research toward pipeline development in the current period. This is partially offset by higher development expenses in the current year from ongoing development of next generation devices for preparation of Spray-On SkinTM Cells as compared to the prior year due to early prototype development and testing.

Net loss increased by 6%, or $1.5 million, to $26.7 million, over the $25.1 million recognized in the year-ended December 31, 2021. The increase in net loss was driven by higher operating expenses as described above, partially offset by higher revenue.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We expect to utilize cash reserves until U.S. sales of our products reach a level sufficient to fund ongoing operations. AVITA Medical has funded its research and development activities, and more recently its substantial investment in sales and marketing activities, through raising capital by issuing securities and the issuance of debt. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $22.1 million in cash and cash equivalents and $66.9 million in marketable securities.

On October 18, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), by and between the Company, as borrower, and an affiliate of OrbiMed Advisors, LLC, as the lender and administrative agent (the “Lender”). The Credit Agreement provides for a five-year senior secured credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $90.0 million (the “Loan Facility”), of which $40.0 million was borrowed on the Closing Date (the “Initial Commitment Amount”). In addition, an aggregate of $50.0 million will be made available in two separate $25.0 million tranches, at the Company’s discretion, subject to certain net revenue requirements. The first tranche of $25.0 million will be made available on or before December 31, 2024. The second tranche of $25.0 million will be made available on or prior to June 30, 2025, only if the first tranche was drawn upon. On the Closing Date, the Company closed on the Initial Commitment Amount, less certain fees and expenses payable to or on behalf of the Lender. The indebtedness under the Credit Agreement will be secured by substantially all of our assets and will accrue interest at a rate equal to the greater of (a) forward-looking one-month term SOFR rate and (b) four percent (4%) per annum, plus eight percent (8%). In the event that the Company does not meet certain twelve-month trailing revenue targets at the end of certain fiscal quarters, the outstanding balance of the loan must be repaid in equal quarterly installments of 5% of the funded amount through the maturity date. The Credit Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that are customary for this type of agreement.

On the Closing Date, we issued to an affiliate of the Lender a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase up to 409,661 shares of our common stock, at an exercise price of $10.9847 per share, with a term of 10 years from the issuance date. The Warrant contains customary share adjustment provisions, as well as weighted average price protection in certain circumstances.

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As of the date these financial statements were issued, we believe we have sufficient cash reserves to fund operations for the next 12 months.

Financing Activities

On April 14, 2023, we entered into a Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC pursuant to which the Company may sell from time-to-time up to 3,799,164 shares of its common stock (the “2023 ATM Program”). During the year-ended December 31, 2023, we did not make any sales under the 2023 ATM Program.

On October 18, 2023, as discussed above, we completed a Credit Agreement with the Lender for an aggregate amount up to $90.0 million. On the closing date of the agreement we drew $40.0 million.

On October 18, 2023, as discussed above, we issued to an affiliate of the Lender a warrant to purchase up to 409,661 shares of our common stock, at an exercise price of $10.9847 per share, with a term of 10 years from the issuance date.

Given the above, we believe there is presently sufficient working capital to support our committed activities, our research and development programs and other activities over the next twelve months.

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:

Year-Ended

Net cash used in operations $ (38,011 ) $ (19,090 )

Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities 1,607 (19,332 )

Net cash provided by financing activities 40,374 900

Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents (16 ) (26 )

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 3,954 (37,548 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 18,164 55,712

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 22,118 18,164

Net cash used in operating activities was $38.0 million during the year-ended December 31, 2023, and $19.1 million during the year-ended December 31, 2022. The increase primarily resulted from higher operating costs, partially offset by increased revenues.

Net cash provided in investing activities was $1.6 million during the year-ended December 31, 2023 and cash used in investing activities was $19.3 million during the during the year-ended December 31, 2022. Cash flows provided by investing activities were primarily attributable to maturities of marketable securities. Cash flows used in investing activities for the year-ended December 31, 2022 is primarily attributable to purchase of marketable securities.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $40.4 million and $0.9 million for the years-ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was due to the issuance debt.

Capital Management and Material Cash Requirements

We aim to manage capital to maintain optimal returns to stockholders and benefits for other stakeholders. We also aim to maintain a capital structure that ensures the lowest cost of capital available to us. We regularly review our capital structure and seek to take advantage of available opportunities to improve outcomes for us and our stockholders.

For the year-ended December 31, 2023, there were no dividends paid and we have no plans to commence the payment of dividends. We have no purchase commitments or long-term contractual obligations, except for lease obligations as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 7 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on our lease obligations. In addition, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC) that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors. We have no committed plans to issue further shares on the market but will continue to assess market conditions.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The SEC defines “critical accounting policies” as those that require the application of management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Practices, or U.S. GAAP, requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base those estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The following listing is not intended to be a comprehensive list of all of our accounting policies. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this Annual Report. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is dictated by U.S. GAAP, with no need for our judgment in its application. There are also areas in which our judgment in selecting an available alternative would not produce a materially different result. We have identified the following as our critical accounting policies.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when its customers obtain control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that are within the scope of Topic 606, Revenue from contracts with customers, (“ASC 606”), we perform the following five steps:

1.

Identify the contract with a customer

2.

Identify the performance obligations

3.

Determine the transaction price

4.

Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations

5.

Recognize revenue when/as performance obligation(s) are satisfied

In order for an arrangement to be considered a contract, it must be probable that we will collect the consideration to which it is entitled for goods or services to be transferred. Once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, we assess the goods or services promised with each contract, determines whether those are performance obligations and the related transaction price. We then recognize the sale of goods based on the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when the performance obligation is satisfied.

Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of the RECELL System to hospitals or other treatment centers, COSMOTEC and to BARDA (collectively, “customers”), predominately in the United States. We evaluated the BARDA contract and concluded that a portion of the arrangement, such as the procurement of the RECELL system and the emergency preparedness, represents a transaction with a customer and as such are in the scope of ASC 606. Amounts received from BARDA for the research and development of the our product are classified as BARDA income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and are accounted for under IAS 20. For further details refer to BARDA Income and Receivables below.

Revenues for commercial customers (COSMOTEC, hospitals and treatment centers) are recognized as control of the product is transferred to customers, at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for the product. Revenues are recognized net of volume discounts. As such, revenue is recognized only to the extent a significant reversal of revenues is not expected to occur in subsequent periods. For our contracts that have an original duration of one year or less, we used the practical expedient applicable to such contracts and does not consider the time value of money. Further, because of the short duration of these contracts, we have not disclosed the transaction price for the remaining performance obligations as of each reporting period or when we expect to recognize this revenue. We have further applied the practical expedient to exclude sales tax in the transaction price and expense contract acquisition costs such as commissions and shipping and handling expenses as incurred.

For revenues related to the BARDA contract within the scope of ASC 606, we identified two performance obligations (i) the procurement of 5,614 RECELL units, (ii) emergency preparedness services. Through this contract we promise to procure the product through a vendor management inventory arrangement and to stand ready to provide emergency deployment services related to the product. Emergency preparedness services include procuring necessary storage containers, housing, and maintaining the containers (and product), and providing shipping and handling services in the event of an emergency situation. This stand ready obligation is a

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series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer, overtime as services are consumed.

The total transaction price for the portion of the BARDA contract that is within the scope of ASC 606, was determined to be $9.2 million at contract inception. The transaction price was allocated on a stand-alone selling price basis as follows: $7.6 million to the procurement of the RECELL product, which is classified as revenues when recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and $1.6 million to the emergency deployment services is classified as revenues when recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The $1.6 million for emergency deployment includes variable consideration which is deemed immaterial to the contract as a whole. We estimated the stand-alone selling price of the procurement of the RECELL product based on historical pricing of our product at the initial execution of the contract. We estimated the stand-alone selling price of the emergency deployment services performed based on our projected cost of providing the services plus an applicable profit margin as denoted in the contract.

Our performance obligations are either satisfied at a point in time or over time as services are provided. The product procurement performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time, upon transfer of control of the product. As such, the related revenue for these performance obligations is recognized at a point in time as revenue within our Consolidated Statement of Operations. In addition to guidance under ASC 606, we recognize revenue from the sales of RECELL product to BARDA for placement into vaccine stockpiles in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Interpretation, Commission Guidance regarding Accounting for Sale of Vaccines and BioTerror Countermeasures to the Federal Government for Placement into the Pediatric Vaccine Stockpile or the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS). Under this guidance, revenue is recognized when product is placed in the BARDA vendor-managed inventory (“VMI”) as control of the product has been transferred to the customer at the time of delivery to the VMI. RECELL units that have been delivered to BARDA have a product replacement obligation at no cost to BARDA due to product’s limited shelf-life. The estimated cost of the expired inventory over the term of the contract is accrued on a per unit basis at the time of delivery. The liability is released upon replacement of the product along with a corresponding reduction to inventory. The emergency preparedness services performance obligation is satisfied over time. Revenue for the emergency deployment will be recognized on a straight-line basis during the term of the contract as services are consumed over time. Services recognized are included in sales within the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Contract costs to fulfil the performance obligation are incremental and expected to be recovered are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Contract costs are included in other long-term assets.

See Note 5 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for additional detail on revenue recognition.

Government Grants / BARDA Income and Receivables

We were granted a BARDA contract in September 2015, wherein BARDA provided funding to us to support the ongoing U.S. clinical regulatory program towards FDA premarket approval, Compassionate Use program, clinical and health economics research, and U.S. pediatric burn programs.

Income under the BARDA contract is earned under a cost-plus-fixed-fee arrangement in which we are reimbursed for direct costs incurred plus allowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned. Billings under the contracts are based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, which permit recovery of fringe benefits, general and administrative expenses and a fixed fee.

We have concluded that grants are not within the scope of ASC 606, as they do not meet the definition of a contract with a “customer”. We have further concluded that Subtopic 958-605, Not-for-Profit-Entities-Revenue Recognition also does not apply, as the Company is a business entity, and the grants are with governmental agencies. Government grants and related receivables are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received, and all attaching conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match the grant on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to compensate. When the grant relates to an asset, the fair value is credited to deferred income and is released to the profit or loss over the expected useful life of the relevant asset by equal annual installments.

Share-Based Compensation

We measure and recognize compensation expense on a graded-vesting method, for stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”), to employees, directors and consultants over the vesting period based on their grant date fair values. Compensation expense for performance-based awards is measured based on the number of shares ultimately expected to vest, estimated at each reporting date based on management’s expectations regarding the relevant performance criteria. We estimate the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of RSUs is based on the closing stock price as determined per Nasdaq at the date of grant.

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Determining the estimated fair value at the grant date requires judgment in determining the appropriate valuation model and assumptions, including, risk-free rate, volatility rate, annual dividend yield and the expected term.

The following assumptions were used in the valuation of stock options.

•

Expected volatility – determined using the historical volatility using daily intervals over the expected term.

•

Expected dividends – None, based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

•

Expected term – the expected term of our stock options for tenure only vesting has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method as described in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 relating to stock-based compensation. The simplified method was chosen because the we have limited historical option exercise experience due to its short operating history of awards granted, the first plan was established in 2016 and was primarily used for Executives awards. Further, we do not have sufficient history of exercises in the U.S. market given our redomiciliation from Australia to the United States in 2020.

•

Risk-free interest rate – the risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for a period approximately equal to the expected term of the award.

See Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for additional detail on share-based compensation.

Warrants

Warrants are accounted for in accordance with applicable accounting guidance provided inASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815”), as a liability based on the specific terms of the warrant agreement and recorded at fair value. The warrants are subject to re-measurement at each settlement date and at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized in earnings. The fair value of the warrant liability, which is reported within Warrant liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is estimated by the Company based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following inputs (Level 3):

•

Price of common stock

•

Estimated expected term

•

Estimated exercise price

•

Estimated expected volatility

•

Estimated risk free interest rate

•

Estimated expected dividend rate

Long-term debt

We elected the fair value option (“FVO”) of accounting under ASC 825-10, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”), to account for the debt. ASC 825-10, provides FVO election that allows companies an irrevocable election to use fair value at the date of issuance and subsequently remeasure every reporting period. The fair value of the debt is reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in fair value are reported in earnings in Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Any changes in fair value caused by instrument-specific credit risk are presented separately in other comprehensive income. We have elected to present interest expense separately from changes in fair value and therefore will present interest expense associated with the debt. All costs associated with the issuance of the Credit Agreement accounted for using the fair value option were expensed upon issuance. Refer to Note 6 for further details.

The fair value of the debt was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation in order to capture the probability of different potential cash flows outcomes associated with the contractual terms of the instrument. The below assumptions were used in the Monte Carlo simulation (Level 3):

•

Estimated risk free interest rate

•

Estimated revenue volatility

•

Estimated revenue discount rate

•

Estimated future revenue projection

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•

Estimated expected dividend rate

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

We review our uncertain tax positions regularly. An uncertain tax position represents our expected treatment of a tax position taken in a filed return or planned to be taken in a future tax return or claim that has not been reflected in measuring income tax expense for financial reporting purposes. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination on the basis of the technical merits or the statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired.

See Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for additional detail on income taxes.

Recent accounting pronouncements

See discussion of recent accounting pronouncements in Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements located in Item 8 in this Annual Report.

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Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item.

Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Our financial statements and supplementary data are attached hereto beginning on Page F-1 and are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2023.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for our company, as this term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. As required by Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on the criteria set forth in the Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.

This report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding our internal control over financial reporting, in accordance with applicable SEC rules that permit us to provide only management’s report in this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three-months ended December 31, 2023, there were no material changes made in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act).

Inherent Limitations on Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well-designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. Because of these inherent limitations, our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect all instances of fraud, misstatements, or other control issues. In addition, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure or internal controls to future periods are subject to risks, including, among others, that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

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Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None

Item 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

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PART III

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Identification of Directors

Lou Panaccio 66 Chairman of the Board of Directors July 2014 June 2024

Jeremy Curnock Cook 74 Non-Executive Director October 2012 June 2024

Professor Suzanne Crowe 73 Non-Executive Director January 2016 June 2024

Jan Stern Reed 64 Non-Executive Director July 2021 June 2024

Robert McNamara 67 Non-Executive Director June 2023 June 2024

Cary Vance 58 Non-Executive Director June 2023 June 2024

Lou Panaccio has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors since July 2014. Mr. Panaccio is a successful healthcare businessman with extensive experience leading companies from concept to commercialization. Mr. Panaccio possesses more than 35 years of executive leadership experience in healthcare services and life sciences, including more than 25 years of board-level experience. Mr. Panaccio is currently a Director of ASX50 company and one of the world’s largest medical diagnostics companies, Sonic Healthcare Limited, where he has served since 2005. In addition, Mr. Panaccio is Director of Unison Housing Limited, was a Chairman of Genera Biosystems Limited until June 2019, is a Chairman of Adherium Limited and a Director of Rhythm Biosciences Limited, both of which are publicly listed (ASX) development-stage medical diagnostics/devices companies. We believe Mr. Panaccio is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based on his extensive experience in the healthcare services and life sciences sectors and his experience in serving on boards.

Jeremy Curnock Cook has served as a Director since October 2012. He is a veteran in the life sciences/healthcare industry and has been actively supporting the commercialization of healthcare innovations and helping entrepreneurs build their international businesses over the past 45 years. Founder and Managing Director of BioScience Managers, Mr. Curnock Cook brings his decades of international experience to our Board of Directors. Over his career, Mr. Curnock Cook has successfully managed in excess of US $1 billion in equity investments. He launched the first dedicated biotechnology fund for the Australian market and is a former head of the life science private equity team at Rothschild Asset Management, an early pioneer and significant investor in the sector. In his early career he founded the International Biochemicals Group which he successfully sold to Royal Dutch Shell. Mr. Curnock Cook founded a European-focused seed fund with Johnson & Johnson and built the International Biotechnology Trust. Mr. Curnock Cook has served on more than 40 boards of directors in the life science sector in the UK, Europe, USA, Canada, Japan and Australia. In addition to serving on our Board of Directors, Mr. Curnock Cook currently serves on the following boards: International BioScience Managers Ltd appointed March 2000, Bioscience Managers Pty Ltd appointed January 2003, REX Bionics Pty Ltd appointed February 2012, Sheldon LTD (formerly Sea Dragon) appointed October 2012, Adherium Ltd appointed April 2015, Bioscience Managers UK Ltd appointed August 2017, Marine Department Ltd, appointed January 2019, JLCC Ltd appointed December 2019, Tidal Sense LTD (formally CRiL) appointed November 2020 and Humanetix Ltd appointed September 2021. We believe Mr. Curnock Cook is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based on his extensive experience in the life sciences sector.

Professor Suzanne Crowe AO has served as a Director since January 2016. Australian-based, she is a physician-scientist and ASX/Nasdaq-listed company director with expertise in supporting companies with their medical and scientific strategies. A Fellow of the Australian Institute of Company Directors, and Emeritus Professor, Monash University Melbourne, she is currently a Director of Sonic Healthcare Ltd, a large global medical diagnostics company. Past board positions include St Vincent’s Health Australia Ltd (2012-2021), the country’s largest not-for-profit health and aged care provider. After 35 years at both, she has recently retired from the Burnet Institute, having served as Associate Director Clinical Research, and The Alfred Hospital Melbourne, where she held the appointment of Senior Specialist Physician in Infectious Diseases. She was appointed as Officer of the Order of Australia in June 2020 in recognition of her distinguished services to health, clinical governance, biomedical research, and education. We believe Professor Crowe is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based on her technical experience and extensive expertise in supporting companies with their medical and scientific strategies.

Jan Stern Reed has served as a Director since July 2021. She has more than 35 years of legal, management and business leadership experience primarily within the healthcare industry, and brings significant expertise in corporate governance, compliance, and risk management. Ms. Reed served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Walgreens Boots Alliance, Inc., a global health and wellbeing company. Prior to Walgreens, Ms. Reed was Executive Vice President, Human Resources, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Solo Cup Company, where she was responsible for the legal, human resources, internal audit, corporate communications, and compliance functions. Prior to Solo Cup Company, she was Associate

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General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Chief Corporate Governance Officer at Baxter International, Inc. Ms. Reed holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Michigan and a Juris Doctor from the Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law. Ms. Reed currently serves as a board member of Stepan Co. (NYSE: SCL), a major manufacturer of specialty and intermediate chemicals used in a broad range of industries, and AngioDynamics, Inc. (NASDAQ: ANGO), an industry-leading and transformative medical technology company focused on restoring healthy blood flow in the body’s vascular system, expanding cancer treatment options, and improving quality of life for patients. We believe Ms. Reed is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based on her extensive experience in legal, human resources, corporate governance, general management and business leadership, primarily within the healthcare industry.

Robert McNamara has served as a Director since April 2023. He is an accomplished senior executive with over 25 years of leadership experience in public and privately held companies in the medical device and technology industries. His extensive experience in operations and financial management spans across early stage, high growth, and mature companies. He is currently a member of the Board of Directors and Chair of Audit Committee for Axonics, Inc. Additionally, Mr. McNamara is a member of the Board of Directors and Chair of Compensation Committee for Xtant Medical Holdings. Prior to these appointments, Mr. McNamara served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of LDR Holding/Spine. Prior to this role, he served as the Chief Financial Officer of three publicly traded medical device companies including Accuray, Somnus Medical Technologies, and Target Therapeutics. Mr. McNamara holds a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from the University of San Francisco and an MBA from The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. We believe Mr. McNamara is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his experience with financial management and other requirements of U.S. public and private companies, and considerable expertise in the medical device and technology industries.

Cary Vance has served as a Director since April 2023. Mr. Vance has over 25 years of extensive leadership experience with commercial and operational expertise in the healthcare industry. He is currently the President and Chief Executive Officer of PhotoniCare, Inc., a position he has held since May 2023. Prior to this appointment, he was President and CEO of Titan Medical, and he continues to serve as an independent director for Titan Medical’s Board of Directors. Previously, Mr. Vance served as President and CEO of XCath, a privately held neurovascular robotics company, having also served in similar roles at OptiScan Biomedical, Myoscience, and Hansen Medical. He strategically transformed and commercialized these businesses and markets with disruptive, enabling, and game-changing novel technologies. Mr. Vance has also executed on equity and debt financing strategies as an integral step to successful value creation and M&A events. Prior to his role at Hansen Medical, he served in various global executive leadership roles at Teleflex, Covidien, and GE HealthCare. Mr. Vance is Lean/Six Sigma Black Belt Certified, NACD Certified, and holds both a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and an MBA from Marquette University. We believe Mr. Vance is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based on his leadership experience and extensive expertise in commercial and operations in the healthcare industry.

James Corbett was appointed as President and CEO of the Company effective as of September 28, 2022. Mr. Corbett served as a Non-Executive Director from July 2021 to September 28, 2022. He has approximately 40 years of leadership experience in the medical device field, most recently, as CEO of CathWorks Ltd., a software-based medical technology company. Mr. Corbett has extensive global commercial and operating experience, serving as an expatriate General Manager of Baxter Japan and later as General Manager and President of Scimed Life Systems Inc. and Boston Scientific International respectively. During his career he has served as CEO of three publicly listed companies; Microtherapeutics Inc (MTIX), ev3 Inc (evvv), Alphatec Spine (ATEC). Mr. Corbett has also led two privately funded companies as CEO: Home Diagnostics Inc. and Vertos Medical. Mr. Corbett has extensive capital market and governance experience from both public and private environments. Mr. Corbett holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from the University of Kansas. Mr. Corbett is a board member of two privately held medical device companies. We believe Mr. Corbett is qualified to serve on our board of directors based on his global commercial and operating expertise in supporting companies with their medical and scientific strategies.

Identification of Named Executive Officers

Name Age Position Date First Elected or Appointed

James Corbett 65 Chief Executive Officer September 2022

David O'Toole 65 Chief Financial Officer June 2023

Donna Shiroma 61 General Counsel June 2018

James Corbett is discussed above under “Identification of Directors”.

David O'Toole an accomplished financial executive with extensive experience in both public company operations and capital markets, Mr. O’Toole joined AVITA Medical in 2023 as its Chief Financial Officer. Mr. O’Toole most recently served as CFO of Opiant Pharmaceuticals, a biopharmaceutical company developing treatments for addiction and drug overdose, which was acquired

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by Indivior in March of 2023. Prior to that, he served as CFO of Soleno Therapeutics, a company focused on the development and commercialization of novel therapeutics for the treatment of rare diseases. Prior to Soleno, Mr. O’Toole held the role of CFO for three publicly traded life sciences companies where he built and led high-performance teams. Prior to his CFO experience, he spent over 24 years in public accounting, including 16 years with Deloitte & Touche. He holds a Bachelor of Science in accounting from the University of Arizona and is a Certified Public Accountant (non-active).

Donna Shiroma has served as General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer, and Corporate Secretary since June 2018. Ms. Shiroma has more than 20 years of legal and compliance experience in thepharmaceutical and medical device industries and has played an instrumental role in transitioning companies from clinical to commercial entities. Prior to joining the Company, she served in roles of increasing responsibility as corporate counsel, vice president of legal, chief privacy officer, chief compliance officer, chief commercial officer and general counsel. Her prior professional experiences are with: Astex Pharmaceuticals from 2017 to 2018, Ascend Therapeutics from 2008 to 2017, PDL BioPharma from 2006 to 2008, and several Johnson & Johnson companies from 2001 to 2006. Ms. Shiroma holds a B.S. in Environmental Sciences from University of California, Berkeley, and a Juris Doctor degree from Santa Clara University School of Law. She is licensed in the State of California as an attorney.

Term of Office

Our Directors are elected for a term of one year and until their respective successors are elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation, disqualification, or removal. Our executive officers are appointed by our Board of Directors and hold office for such terms as may be prescribed by our Board of Directors and until their successors are appointed, or until their earlier resignation or removal.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships between our Directors or executive officers.

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

None of our Directors or executive officers has been involved in any of the following events during the past ten years:

a)

any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business or property of such person or any partnership or business in which such person was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;

b)

any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offences);

c)

being the subject of any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his or her involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities;

d)

being found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated;

e)

being the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of: (i) any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation; or (ii) any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease- and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order; or (iii) any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or

f)

being the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(40) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.

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Gender Diversity

Under the 4th Edition of the ASX’s Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations the Company is required to set measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity in the composition of its board, senior executives and workforce generally. As of the date of this Form 10-K, the Company's Directors of the Company are 28.5% female and 71.5% male.

The Company is also in the process of developing measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity in the composition of its senior executives and workforce generally in accordance with its Code of Ethics and Business Conduct. The Company will disclose its measurable objectives, the time period for achieving those objectives and the Company’s progress towards achieving those objectives in future reporting periods.

Performance Evaluations

At least annually, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will lead the Board of Directors in a self-evaluation to determine whether the board, its committees and individual directors are functioning effectively. The board completed its last self-evaluation during the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2023.

Additionally, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Compensation Committee and Audit Committee conduct an annual evaluation of each Board committee as it relates to the composition of each committee, the frequency and length of meetings, each committees primary responsibilities, and the effectiveness of the each of the committee’s duties. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee completed its self-evaluation during the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2023

The Company's Compensation Committee undertakes a review of the performance of the Company's CEO and the executive management team annually during the first quarter of the calendar year. While no performance evaluation for the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2022 took place in 2023, the Company's Compensation Committee completed a performance evaluation for the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2023 on or around January 3, 2024.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Conduct, or the Code, that constitutes a “code of ethics” as that term is defined in paragraph (b) of Item 406 of Regulation S-K and that applies to our executive officers, non-executive Directors, management and employees of the Company. A copy of the Code is available on our website at www.avitamedical.com.

If we make any amendments to the Code or grant any waivers, including any implicit waiver, from a provision of the Code, we will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

Section 16(a) Beneficial ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires the Company’s Directors and certain of its executive officers and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of the Company’s common shares to file reports of and changes in ownership with the SEC. Based solely on the Company’s review of copies of SEC filings it has received or filed, the Company believes that each of its Directors, executive officers, and beneficial owners of more than 10% of the shares satisfied the Section 16(a) filing requirements during the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2023.