Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. Pebblebrook Hotel Trust is a Maryland real estate investment trust that conducts its operations so as to qualify as a REIT under the Code. Substantially all of the operations are conducted through Pebblebrook Hotel, L.P. (our "Operating Partnership"), a Delaware limited partnership of which Pebblebrook Hotel Trust is the sole general partner. In this report, we use the terms "the Company", "we" or "our", to refer to Pebblebrook Hotel Trust and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Overview
COVID-19 and Liquidity Update
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") to be a global pandemic and the virus spread throughout the United States and the world. As a result of this pandemic and subsequent government mandates, health official recommendations, corporate policy changes and individual responses, hotel demand dramatically declined. In response, we implemented significant cost controls, salary reductions and temporarily suspended operations at 47 of our hotels and resorts in 2020. In addition, to improve liquidity, we raised capital by issuing convertible notes and additional preferred shares as summarized below. As demand improved as a result of an increase in vaccinations and corresponding lifting of governmental restrictions and recommendations, we gradually reopened our hotels and resorts. As of December 31, 2021, all of our hotels and resorts were open, with the exception of Hotel Vitale, whose operations will remain suspended until the completion of its renovations and repositioning, which we expect to occur in the second quarter of 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on our operations and financial results throughout 2021. Although results improved relative to 2020, we cannot estimate with certainty when travel demand will fully recover. However, we anticipate further recovery in 2022. Leisure travel in 2021 exceeded expectations, particularly at our warmer-weather and resort properties and we expect this trend to continue in 2022. However, business travel continues to be substantially lower.
During 2021, we amended the agreements governing our existing credit facilities, term loan facilities and unsecured senior notes to, among other changes:
•waive quarterly financial covenants until the second quarter of 2022, with substantially less-restrictive covenants through the end of the first quarter of 2023;
•extend or provide the option for us to extend more than $1.0 billion of debt maturities including our revolving credit facility;
•increase pricing until the end of the covenant waiver period; and
•impose certain restrictions during the covenant waiver period on share repurchases, dividends, capital improvements, and hotel property acquisitions.
Based on the amendments to our credit agreements, actions noted above, and assumptions regarding the recovery of demand, we believe we have sufficient liquidity to meet our obligations for the next 12 months. For further discussion on our liquidity, see Liquidity and Capital Resources included in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, other significant transactions included:
•On February 9, 2021, we issued, at a 5.5% premium to par, an additional $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of the convertible notes originally issued in December 2020.
•On April 1, 2021, we sold the Sir Francis Drake for $157.6 million.
•On May 13, 2021, we raised $222.6 million of net proceeds from the issuance of 9,200,000 6.375% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On June 10, 2021, we sold The Roger New York for $19.0 million.
•On July 22, 2021, we acquired the leasehold interest in Jekyll Island Club Resort for $94.0 million.
•On July 27, 2021, we raised $242.1 million of net proceeds from the issuance of 10,000,000 5.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On August 21, 2021, we redeemed all outstanding 6.375% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On August 22, 2021, we redeemed all outstanding 6.50% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On September 9, 2021, we sold Villa Florence San Francisco on Union Square for $87.5 million.
•On September 23, 2021, we acquired the leasehold interest in Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort for $270.0 million, including the assumption of a $161.5 million mortgage loan.
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•On October 20, 2021, we acquired Avalon Bed & Breakfast and Duval Gardens for $20.0 million, with both properties consolidating into our Southernmost Beach Resort.
•On December 1, 2021, we acquired the leasehold interest in Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa for $108.0 million, including the assumption of a $61.7 million mortgage loan.
•We repaid $431.9 million of debt, consisting of $341.9 million of term loans, $50.0 million of senior unsecured notes and $40.0 million on the senior unsecured credit facility.
While we do not operate our hotel properties, both our asset management team and our executive management team monitor and work cooperatively with our hotel managers by advising and making recommendations in all aspects of our hotels’ operations, including property positioning and repositioning, revenue and expense management, operations analysis, physical design, renovation and capital improvements, guest experience and overall strategic direction. Through these efforts, we seek to improve property efficiencies, lower costs, maximize revenues and enhance property operating margins, which we expect will enhance returns to our shareholders.
Key Indicators of Financial Condition and Operating Performance
We measure hotel results of operations and the operating performance of our business by evaluating financial and non-financial metrics such as room revenue per available room ("RevPAR"); total revenue per available room ("Total RevPAR"); average daily rate ("ADR"); occupancy rate ("Occupancy"); funds from operations ("FFO"); earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"); and EBITDA for real estate ("EBITDAre"). We evaluate individual hotel and company-wide performance with comparisons to budgets, prior periods and competing properties. ADR, occupancy and RevPAR may be impacted by macroeconomic factors as well as regional and local economies and events. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures for further discussion of FFO, EBITDA and EBIDTAre.
Hotel Operating Statistics
The following table represents the key same-property hotel operating statistics for our hotels for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:
For the year ended December 31,
Same-Property Occupancy 40.4 % 26.5 %
While the operations of many of our hotels were temporarily suspended beginning in March 2020, the above table of hotel operating statistics includes information from all hotels owned as of December 31, 2021 except for the following: Hotel Zena Washington DC for the first and second quarters of 2021 and 2020, as it was closed for renovation during the first and second quarters of 2020; Hotel Vitale for the third and fourth quarters of 2021 and 2020, as it was closed for renovation during the third and fourth quarters of 2021; Jekyll Island Club Resort for the first and second quarters of 2021 and 2020; Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort for the first, second and third quarters of 2021 and 2020; Southernmost Beach Resort's 31 additional rooms following the acquisition of Avalon Bed & Breakfast and Duval Gardens for the first, second and third quarters of 2021 and 2020; and Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa for all of 2021 and 2020. Also included in the above table is information for Sir Francis Drake and The Roger New York for the first quarter of 2021 and 2020 as well as Villa Florence San Francisco on Union Square for the first and second quarters of 2021 and 2020.
Results of Operations
This section includes comparisons of certain 2021 financial information to the same information for 2020. Year-to-year comparisons of the 2020 financial information to the same information for 2019 are contained in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on February 23, 2021.
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At December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had 53 wholly-owned properties and leasehold interests. All properties owned during these periods have been included in our results of operations during the respective periods since their dates of acquisition or through the dates of disposition. Based on when a property was acquired or disposed, operating results for certain properties are not comparable. The properties listed below are hereinafter referred to collectively as "non-comparable properties" for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. All other properties are referred to collectively as "comparable properties":
Property Location Disposition Date
InterContinental Buckhead Atlanta Buckhead, GA March 6, 2020
Sofitel Washington DC Lafayette Square Washington, D.C. March 6, 2020
Union Station Hotel Nashville, Autograph Collection Nashville, TN July 29, 2020
Sir Francis Drake San Francisco, CA April 1, 2021
The Roger New York New York, NY June 10, 2021
Villa Florence San Francisco on Union Square San Francisco, CA September 9, 2021
Property Location Acquisition Date
Jekyll Island Club Resort Jekyll Island, GA July 22, 2021
Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort Hollywood, FL September 23, 2021
Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa La Jolla, CA December 1, 2021
Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2021 to the year ended December 31, 2020
Revenues — Total revenues increased by $290.2 million, of which $2.9 million was due to the non-comparable properties and the remaining increase was attributable to the comparable properties as a result of an increase in demand from a rebound in leisure travel and easing of governmental restrictions throughout 2021.
Hotel operating expenses — Total hotel operating expenses increased by $117.2 million, primarily due to resuming operations at the comparable properties and returning demand.
Real estate taxes, personal property taxes, property insurance and ground rent — Real estate taxes, personal property taxes, property insurance and ground rent decreased by $2.7 million primarily due to a decline in property taxes as a result of successful appeals. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in ground rent on ground leases that have percentage rent and the acquisition of three properties subject to ground leases.
General and administrative — General and administrative expenses consist of employee compensation costs, legal and professional fees, insurance and other expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased by $7.0 million primarily due to a decrease in share-based compensation costs relating to the cancellation of the retention LTIP unit awards and time-based service condition awards in 2020.
Transaction costs — Transaction costs incurred during 2020 were the result of additional transfer taxes paid in connection with the LaSalle merger. Transactions costs incurred during 2021 were immaterial.
Impairment loss — We recognized an impairment loss of $14.9 million in 2021 related to one hotel and an impairment loss of $74.6 million in 2020 related to two hotels and the retail component of a hotel.
(Gain) loss on sale of hotel properties — We recognized a net gain on sale of $64.7 million in 2021 primarily due to the sale of Sir Francis Drake and a net gain on sale of $117.4 million in 2020 primarily due to the sale of InterContinental Buckhead Atlanta.
Other operating expenses — Other operating expenses decreased by $2.5 million primarily due to reductions in pre-opening, hotel management transition and franchise tax expenses.
Interest expense — Interest expense decreased by $7.5 million primarily due to decreased borrowings, as certain term loans, senior unsecured notes and amounts under our senior unsecured credit facility were paid down in 2021. This was partially offset by increased interest on the convertible senior notes and amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees as a result of the partial repayment of certain of the term loans during 2021.
Income tax (expense) benefit — Income tax (expense) benefit was a benefit of $3.7 million in 2020 primarily due to the deferred tax asset recognized in 2020 on the taxable REIT subsidiary's estimated loss. In 2021, we recognized a valuation allowance offsetting the deferred tax asset on the current year taxable REIT subsidiary's loss due to the uncertainty of utilizing the deferred tax asset in the future.
Distributions to preferred shareholders — Distributions to preferred shareholders increased as a result of the issuance of the Series G and Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares in May 2021 and July 2021, respectively. This was partially offset by the redemption of the Series C and Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares in August 2021.
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Issuance costs of redeemed preferred shares — Issuance costs of redeemed preferred shares increased due to the redemption of the Series C and Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares in August 2021. These costs are included in the determination of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Non-GAAP financial measures are measures of our historical or future financial performance that are different from measures calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We report FFO, EBITDA and EBITDAre, which are non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are useful to investors as key measures of our operating performance.
We calculate FFO in accordance with standards established by Nareit, formerly known as the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, which defines FFO as net income (calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP), excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization, gains (losses) from sales of real estate, impairments of real estate assets (including impairment of real estate related joint ventures), the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles and adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most industry investors consider presentations of operating results for real estate companies that use historical cost accounting to be insufficient by themselves. By excluding the effect of real estate related depreciation and amortization including our share of the joint venture depreciation and amortization, gains (losses) from sales of real estate and impairments of real estate assets (including impairment of real estate related joint ventures), all of which are based on historical cost accounting and which may be of lesser significance in evaluating current performance, we believe that FFO provides investors a useful financial measure to evaluate our operating performance.
The following table reconciles net income (loss) to FFO and FFO available to common share and unit holders for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31,
Adjustments:
Issuance costs of redeemed preferred shares (8,055) — —
EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The white paper issued by Nareit entitled “Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for Real Estate” defines EBITDAre as net income or loss (computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP), excluding interest expense, income tax, depreciation and amortization, gains or losses on the disposition of depreciated property (including gains or losses on change of control), impairment write-downs of depreciated property and of investments in unconsolidated affiliates caused by a decrease in value of depreciated property in the affiliate, and after comparable adjustments for our portion of these items related to unconsolidated affiliates. We believe that EBITDA and EBITDAre provide investors useful financial measures to evaluate our operating performance, excluding the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest expense) and our asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization).
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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to EBITDA and EBITDAre for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31,
Adjustments:
FFO, EBITDA and EBITDAre do not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to U.S. GAAP net income (loss), as indications of our financial performance, or to U.S. GAAP cash flow from operating activities, as measures of liquidity. In addition, FFO, EBITDA and EBITDAre are not indicative of funds available to fund cash needs, including the ability to make cash distributions.
Critical Accounting Policies
We consider these policies critical because they require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain, involve various assumptions and require significant management judgment, and because they are important for understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Applying different estimates or assumptions may result in materially different amounts reported in our financial statements.
Investment in Hotel Properties
Estimation and judgment are required to determine the fair values of our acquired hotel properties. Upon acquiring a business or hotel property, we measure and recognize the fair value of the acquired land, land improvements, building, furniture, fixtures and equipment, identifiable intangible assets or liabilities, other assets and assumed liabilities. Identifiable intangible assets or liabilities typically arise from contractual arrangements assumed in connection with the transaction, including terms that are above or below market compared to an estimated market agreement at the acquisition date. We determine the acquisition-date fair values of all assets and assumed liabilities using a combination of the market, cost and income approaches. These valuation methodologies are based on significant Level 2 and Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy, such as estimates of future income growth, capitalization rates, discount rates, capital expenditures and cash flow projections, including hotel revenues and net operating income, at the respective hotel properties. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. Transaction costs are expensed for acquisitions that are considered business combinations and capitalized for asset acquisitions.
Impairment
We review our investments in hotel properties for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the hotel properties may not be recoverable. Events or circumstances that may cause a review include, but are not limited to, when a hotel property experiences a current or projected loss from operations, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel property will be sold before the end of its useful life, adverse changes in the demand for lodging at the properties due to declining national or local economic conditions and/or new hotel construction in markets where the hotels are located. When such conditions exist, we perform an analysis to determine if the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from operations and the proceeds from the ultimate disposition of a hotel exceed its carrying value. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an adjustment to reduce the carrying amount to the related hotel's estimated fair market value is recorded and an impairment loss recognized. In the evaluation of impairment of our hotel properties, we make many assumptions and estimates including projected cash flows both from operations and eventual disposition, expected useful life and holding period, future required capital expenditures, and fair values, including consideration of capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. We will adjust our assumptions with respect to the remaining useful life of the hotel property when circumstances change, such as an expiring ground lease or it is more likely than not that the hotel property will be sold prior to its previously expected useful life.
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New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for recently issued accounting pronouncements that may affect us.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash provided by our operations, borrowings under our credit facilities, net proceeds from equity and debt offerings, and net proceeds from property sales.Our primary cash requirements in the short term (i.e., those requiring cash before January 1, 2023) will be to fund property lease obligations, interest and current principal on debt, capital improvements, dividends on common and preferred shares, and working capital of our property operations.We believe our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and the amount available on our senior unsecured revolving credit facility, which totaled $730.1 million as of December 31, 2021, along with cash generated from ongoing operations will be sufficient to satisfy our short-term cash requirements. As of December 31, 2021 we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.
In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must pay dividends to our shareholders of at least 90% of our taxable income.As a result of this requirement, we cannot rely on retained earnings to fund long-term liquidity requirements such as hotel property acquisitions, redevelopements and repayments of long-term debt. As such, we expect to continue to raise capital through equity and debt offerings to fund our growth.
For a discussion on the impact of COVID-19 on our liquidity, see Overview.
Our material cash requirements include the following contractual and other obligations.
Debt
Our outstanding debt consisted of floating- and fixed-rate unsecured term loans, convertible senior notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgage loans with varying maturities. Our total debt had an aggregate face value of $2.5 billion as of December 31, 2021, as summarized below.
(in thousands)
Revolving credit facilities $ —
Convertible senior notes 750,000
Senior unsecured notes 50,000
Total debt at face value $ 2,455,941
For further discussion on the components of our debt, see Note 5,Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We have the option to extend certain of our current debt maturities with the payment of extension fees. Assuming we exercise all extension options available in our debt agreements, we expect that future principal and interest payments associated with our debt obligations outstanding as of December 31, 2021 will be $2.7 billion through their maturity, with $136.8 million payable before January 1, 2023. We intend to pay amounts due with available cash, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, or refinance with long term debt.
In February 2021 and December 2021, we amended the agreements governing our existing credit facilities, term loan facilities and senior notes to, among other things, waive financial covenants until the second quarter of 2022 (with substantially less-restrictive covenants through the end of the first quarter of 2023), extend certain debt maturity dates and increase the interest rate spread. For a further discussion of these amendments, see Note 5, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We are in compliance with all covenants governed by our existing credit facilities, term loan and senior note facilities.
Our mortgage loans contain customary provisions regarding events of default, as well as customary cash management, cash trap and lockbox provisions. Cash trap provisions are triggered if the hotel's performance is below a certain threshold. Once triggered, all of the cash flow generated by the hotel is deposited directly into lockbox accounts and then swept into cash management accounts for the benefit of our lender.
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The mortgage loans associated with Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort and Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa both triggered the cash trap provisions prior to our acquisition of those hotel properties, and therefore cash from hotel operations is being held by the lender in the cash management accounts and reflected as restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheets. Cash will be released from the lockbox once the hotel reaches profitability levels that terminate the cash trap or the loan is paid off. These loans may remain subject to cash trap provisions for a substantial period of time which could limit our liquidity and ability to pay dividends or reduce debt balances.We expect that we will exceed the thresholds necessary to exit the cash trap provisions of these agreements in 2022.
Hotel, ground and finance lease obligations
Our properties that are subject to hotel, ground or finance leases, as noted in Note 11, Commitment and Contingencies, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, may require minimum fixed rent payments, percentage rent payments based on a percentage of revenues in excess of certain thresholds or rent payments equal to the greater of a minimum fixed rent or percentage rent. Minimum fixed rent may be adjusted annually by increases in consumer price index ("CPI") and may be subject to minimum and maximum increases.
Future fixed minimum payments associated with our hotel, ground and finance leases total $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2021, with $20.4 million payable within the next 12 months.
Purchase commitments
As of December 31, 2021, we had $7.3 million of outstanding purchase commitments, all of which will be paid within the next 12 months. These purchase commitments represent outstanding purchase orders and contracts that have been executed for capital and renovation projects at our properties. See Capital Investments for discussion on planned capital investments.
Preferred dividends
We expect to pay aggregate annual dividends of approximately $45.4 million on our outstanding Series E, Series F, Series G and Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares within the next 12 months and in future years until the shares are redeemed. For further discussion on our preferred shares, see Note 7, Equity, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Sources and Uses of Cash
Our principal sources of cash are cash from operations, draws on our credit facilities, net proceeds from equity and debt offerings, and net proceeds from property sales. Our principal uses of cash are asset acquisitions, debt service payments, the redemption of equity securities, capital investments, operating costs, corporate expenses and dividends.
Operating activities. Our net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was $70.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and $(201.8) million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Fluctuations in our net cash provided by or (used in) operating activities are primarily the result of changes in hotel revenues, operating cash requirements and corporate expenses. The increase in cash provided by (used in) operations in 2021 as compared to 2020 is due to the resumption of operations at our hotels, as we temporarily suspended operations at 47 of our hotels and resorts in 2020.
Investing Activities. Our net cash provided by (used in) investing activities was $(81.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and $250.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Fluctuations in our net cash provided by or (used in) investing activities are primarily the result of acquisition and disposition activities, as well as capital improvements and additions to our properties.
•During the year ended December 31, 2021, we invested $83.8 million in improvements to our hotel properties, received $255.9 million from the sales of three hotel properties and purchased three hotel properties using cash of $253.5 million.
•During the year ended December 31, 2020, we invested $125.0 million in improvements to our hotel properties and received $375.1 million from the sales of three hotel properties.
Financing Activities. Our net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $(33.3) million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and $31.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Fluctuations in our net cash provided by or (used in) financing activities are primarily the result of our issuance and repurchase of debt and equity securities and distributions paid on our preferred and common shares.
•During the year ended December 31, 2021, we received gross proceeds of $480.0 million from the issuance of our Series G and Series H Preferred Shares, which was partially offset by the payment $15.9 million in offering costs; received proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes and other debt of $268.6 million; repaid $392.2 million in other debt and $40.0 million of revolving credit facilities borrowings; used $250.0 million to redeem all our Series C and Series D Preferred Shares; paid $44.7 million in preferred and common distributions; purchased $21.0 million in Capped Call Transactions; and paid $14.5 million in financing fees.
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•During the year ended December 31, 2020, we borrowed $760.1 million under the revolving credit facilities and $513.0 million in other debt; repaid $885.1 million of revolving credit facilities borrowings and $213.0 million in other debt; paid $86.5 million in preferred and common distributions; purchased $38.3 million in Capped Call Transactions; and paid $16.4 million in financing fees.
Capital Investments
We maintain and intend to continue maintaining all of our hotels in good repair and condition, in conformity with applicable laws and regulations, in accordance with franchisor standards when applicable and in accordance with agreed-upon requirements in our management agreements. Routine capital investments will be administered by the hotel management companies. However, we maintain approval rights over the capital investments as part of the annual budget process and as otherwise required from time to time.
Certain of our hotel properties may undergo renovations as a result of our decision to upgrade portions of the hotels, such as guest rooms, meeting space and restaurants, in order to better compete with other hotels in our markets. In addition, after we acquire a hotel property, we are often required by the franchisor or brand manager, if any, to complete a property improvement plan (“PIP”) in order to bring the hotel property up to the franchisor’s or brand’s standards. Generally, we expect to fund renovations and improvements with available cash, restricted cash, borrowings under our credit facility or proceeds from new debt or equity offerings.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, we invested $83.8 million in capital investments to reposition and improve our properties, primarily the renovations of Hotel Vitale, Southernmost Beach Resort and L'Auberge Del Mar.
Depending on market conditions, and in some instances subject to approval from governmental authorities, we expect to invest an additional $100.0 million to $120.0 million in capital investments in 2022, which includes normal hotel capital refurbishments, return of investment projects and major capital projects.
In 2022 we intend to complete or commence the following capital projects:
•$40.0 million redevelopment of Paradise Point Resort & Spa into Paradise Point, a Margaritaville Island Resort San Diego, which will commence upon the approval of governmental authorities;
•$28.0 million transformation of Hotel Vitale into 1 Hotel San Francisco, which commenced in 2021 and is expected to reopen in the second quarter of 2022;
•$20.0 million to $22.0 million renovation of Hilton San Diego Gaslamp Quarter, which will commence in 2022 and is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2023;
•$20.0 million to $22.0 million renovation of Jekyll Island Club Resort, which will commence in 2022 and is expected to be completed in the third quarter of 2023;
•$20.0 million redevelopment of Solamar Hotel into Margaritaville Hotel San Diego Gaslamp Quarter, which will commence in 2022 and is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2023; and
•$18.0 million to $21.0 million renovation of Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa, which will commence in 2022 and is expected to be completed in 2024.
Common Share Repurchase Program and ATM Program
On February 22, 2016, we announced that our Board of Trustees authorized a share repurchase program of up to $150.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares. Under this program, we may repurchase common shares from time to time in transactions on the open market or by private agreement. We may suspend or discontinue this program at any time. No common shares were repurchased by the Company under the share repurchase program during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, $56.6 million of common shares remained available for repurchase under this program. The credit agreements governing our existing indebtedness prohibit us from repurchasing common shares until we have certified compliance with certain financial covenants through June 30, 2022.
On July 27, 2017, we announced that our Board of Trustees authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $100.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares. Under this program, we may repurchase common shares from time to time in transactions on the open market or by private agreement. We may suspend or discontinue this program at any time. This $100.0 million share repurchase program will commence upon the completion of our $150.0 million share repurchase program.
On April 29, 2021, we filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC to sell up to $200.0 million of common shares under an "at the market" offering program (the "ATM program"). No common shares were issued or sold under the ATM program during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, $200.0 million of common shares remained available for issuance under the ATM program.
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Inflation
We rely on the performance of the hotels to increase revenues to keep pace with inflation. Generally, our hotel operators possess the ability to adjust room rates daily, except for group or corporate rates contractually committed to in advance, although competitive pressures may limit the ability of our operators to raise rates faster than inflation or even at the same rate.
Seasonality
For discussion on the seasonality of our hotels' operations, see Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to the effects of interest rate changes. We may enter into derivative instruments including interest rate swaps, caps and collars to manage or hedge interest rate risk. Derivative instruments are subject to fair value reporting at each reporting date and the increase or decrease in fair value is recorded in net income (loss) or accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), based on the applicable hedge accounting guidance. Derivatives expose the Company to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counter parties under the terms of the interest rate hedge agreements. We believe we minimize the credit risk by transacting with major credit-worthy financial institutions.
As of December 31, 2021, we have interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $1.3 billion to hedge variable interest rates on our unsecured term loans. We have designated these pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap derivatives as cash flow hedges. For a further discussion of our derivative instruments see Note 5, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. We seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs by closely monitoring our variable rate debt and converting such debt to fixed rates when we deem such conversion advantageous. From time to time, we may enter into interest rate swap agreements or other interest rate hedging contracts. While these agreements are intended to lessen the impact of rising interest rates, they also expose us to the risks that the other parties to the agreements will not perform, we could incur significant costs associated with the settlement of the agreements, the agreements will be unenforceable and the underlying transactions will fail to qualify as highly effective cash flow hedges under guidance included in ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging."
The table below provides information about financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including senior notes, term loans, mortgage loans and credit facilities. For debt obligations, the table presents scheduled maturities, including annual amortization of principal, and related weighted-average interest rates for the debt maturing in each specified period (dollars in thousands).
Liabilities
Average interest rate 2.52 % 3.37 % 2.85 % — % — % — % 3.03 %
______________________
(1) Scheduled maturities assume we exercise all extension options available in our debt agreements. For a discussion of our debt, see Note 5, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
This table reflects indebtedness outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and does not reflect indebtedness, if any, incurred after that date. Our ultimate exposure to interest rate fluctuations depends on the amount of indebtedness that bears interest at variable rates, the time at which the interest rate is adjusted, the amount of adjustment, the ability to prepay or refinance variable rate indebtedness and hedging strategies used to reduce the impact of any increases in rates. As of December 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of our fixed rate debt was $747.8 million.
As of December 31, 2021, $274.6 million of the Company's aggregate indebtedness (11.2% of total indebtedness) was subject to variable interest rates, excluding amounts outstanding under the term loan facilities that have been effectively swapped into fixed rates. If interest rates on our unhedged variable rate debt increase or decrease by 0.1 percent, our annual interest expense will increase or decrease by approximately $0.3 million, respectively.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See Financial Statements and index beginning on page F-1.
47
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the original framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued in 2013 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in InternalControl - Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021.
We acquired Jekyll Island Club Resort on July 22, 2021, Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort on September 23, 2021 and Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa on December 1, 2021 and have excluded the hotel operations of these properties from our assessment of effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021. Total assets and revenues for these hotels of $7.8 million and $35.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2021 have been excluded from our assessment.
KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and, as part of its audit, has issued its report, included herein on page F-4, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.
There was no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
Not applicable.
48
PART III
Item 10. Trustees, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Trustee Independence.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Our independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, McLean, VA, Auditor Firm ID: 185.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
49
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1. Financial Statements
Included herein on pages F-1 through F-35.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
The following financial statement schedule is included herein on pages F-36 through F-39.
Schedule III--Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
All other schedules for which provision is made in Regulation S-X are either not required to be included herein under the related instructions or are inapplicable or the related information is included in the footnotes to the applicable financial statement and, therefore, have been omitted from this Item 15.
3. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed or furnished, as the case may be, as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
50
Exhibit Number Description of Exhibit
4.1† Description of the Registrant's Securities.
51
52
21.1† List of Subsidiaries of Pebblebrook Hotel Trust.
23.1† Consent of KPMG LLP.
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document(1)
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document(1)
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document(1)
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document(1)
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document(1)
53
______________________
*Management agreement or compensatory plan or arrangement
†Filed herewith.
††Furnished herewith.
(1) Submitted electronically herewith. Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Equity; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; and (vi) Cover Page (in connection with Exhibit 104).
54
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PEBBLEBROOK HOTEL TRUST
Date: February 22, 2022 /s/ JON E. BORTZ
Jon E. Bortz
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name Title Date
Jon E. Bortz
Raymond D. Martz
/s/ CYDNEY C. DONNELL Trustee February 22, 2022
Cydney C. Donnell
/s/ RON E. JACKSON Trustee February 22, 2022
Ron E. Jackson
/s/ PHILLIP M. MILLER Trustee February 22, 2022
Phillip M. Miller
/s/ MICHAEL J. SCHALL Trustee February 22, 2022
Michael J. Schall
/s/ BONNY W. SIMI Trustee February 22, 2022
Bonny W. Simi
/s/ EARL E. WEBB Trustee February 22, 2022
Earl E. Webb
PEBBLEBROOK HOTEL TRUST
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page No.
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets F-5
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income F-6
Consolidated Statements of Equity F-8
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows F-11
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-12
Schedule III - Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation F-36
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees
Pebblebrook Hotel Trust:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Pebblebrook Hotel Trust and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes and financial statement schedule III (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 22, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for convertible debt as of January 1, 2021 due to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40).
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
F-2
The assessment of hotel properties for impairment
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company reviews its investments in hotel properties for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the hotel properties may not be recoverable. For hotel properties that have an indication that its carrying value may not be recoverable, an undiscounted cash flow analysis is prepared using various inputs and assumptions, including estimated holding period and expected terminal capitalization rate. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has reduced travel significantly and adversely affected the hospitality industry and resulted in recoverability analyses being performed on all of the Company’s hotel properties. In addition, COVID-19 has increased uncertainty in future cash flow projections and hold periods. Investment in hotel properties was $6.1 billion, or 97% of total assets as of December 31, 2021.
We identified the assessment of hotel properties for impairment as a critical audit matter. Significant auditor judgment was required to evaluate certain key assumptions, specifically, the judgments related to the Company’s estimated holding period, expected terminal capitalization rate, and projected undiscounted cash flows from operations and eventual disposition, including the effects of COVID-19 and the resulting duration of the economic effects on its properties. Changes in the key assumptions could have a significant impact on the determination of recoverability of the carrying value of the Company’s investment in hotel properties.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s process to evaluate hotel properties for impairment, including the specific assumptions described above. We inquired of Company officials and inspected documents, such as meeting minutes of the board of trustees, to identify Company strategies that may indicate it was more-likely-than not that a property will be sold significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. We read publicly available information in order to identify information regarding potential sales of the Company’s properties. We also performed sensitivity analyses over the estimated holding period of certain of the Company’s hotel properties by changing the Company’s estimates to assess the impact on the analysis. We evaluated the Company’s expected terminal capitalization rates by comparing to published third-party industry reports as well as the Company’s historical hotel property sales. For certain of the hotel properties, we performed sensitivity analyses over the estimated terminal capitalization rate by considering points within the ranges we obtained from published third party industry reports. We evaluated the Company’s projected undiscounted cash flows from operations, by comparing to published third-party industry reports evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the hotel industry. We inquired and obtained representations from the Company regarding the status and evaluation of any potential disposal of properties and read minutes of the board of trustees. We corroborated that information with others in the organization who are responsible for, and have authority over, disposition activities.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2009.
McLean, Virginia
February 22, 2022
F-3
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees
Pebblebrook Hotel Trust:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Pebblebrook Hotel Trust and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes and financial statement schedule III (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 22, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
The Company acquired the Jekyll Island Club Resort, the Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort, and the Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa during 2021, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, the Jekyll Island Club Resort, the Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort, and the Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa’s internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $7.8 million and total revenues of $35.5 million included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of the Jekyll Island Club Resort, the Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort, and the Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 22, 2022
F-4
Table of Contents
ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 250,584 226,446
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Shareholders’ equity:
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (19,442) (60,071)
Distributions in excess of retained earnings (1,094,023) (853,973)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-5
Table of Contents
For the year ended December 31,
Revenues:
Expenses:
Hotel operating expenses:
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (1,514) (864) 283
Issuance costs of redeemed preferred shares (8,055) — —
F-6
Table of Contents
For the year ended December 31,
Comprehensive Income:
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income 25,210 28,505 (260)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-7
Table of Contents
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs — — — — (275) — — (275) — (275)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
F-8
Table of Contents
For the year ended December 31, 2020
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs — — — — (119) — — (119) — (119)
Distributions on common shares/units — — — — — — (4,692) (4,692) (45) (4,737)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
F-9
Table of Contents
For the year ended December 31, 2021
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Distributions on common shares/units — — — — — — (5,032) (5,032) (66) (5,098)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-10
Table of Contents
Pebblebrook Hotel TrustConsolidated Statements of Cash Flows(in thousands)
For the year ended December 31,
Operating activities:
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Investing activities:
Acquisition of hotel properties (253,541) — —
Other investing activities (128) — (752)
Financing activities:
Gross proceeds from issuance of preferred shares 480,000 — —
Payment of offering costs — common and preferred shares (15,947) (119) (275)
(Distributions to) contributions from non-controlling interest — — (125)
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities — 760,115 414,771
Purchases of capped calls for convertible senior notes (20,975) (38,300) —
Redemption of preferred shares (250,000) — —
Repayments of refundable membership deposits (2,739) (1,354) (637)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-11
Table of Contents
PEBBLEBROOK HOTEL TRUST
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Organization
Pebblebrook Hotel Trust (the "Company") is an internally managed hotel investment company, formed as a Maryland real estate investment trust in October 2009 to opportunistically acquire and invest in hotel properties located primarily in major United States cities, with an emphasis on major gateway coastal markets.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company owned 53 hotels with a total of 13,247 guest rooms. The hotel properties are located in: Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Hollywood, Florida; Jekyll Island, Georgia; Key West, Florida; Miami (Coral Gables), Florida; Los Angeles, California (Beverly Hills, Santa Monica, and West Hollywood); Naples, Florida; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Portland, Oregon; San Diego, California; San Francisco, California; Santa Cruz, California; Seattle, Washington; Stevenson, Washington; and Washington, D.C.
Substantially all of the Company’s assets are held by, and all of the Company's operations are conducted through, Pebblebrook Hotel, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"). The Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2021, the Company owned 99.3% of the common limited partnership units issued by the Operating Partnership ("common units"). The remaining 0.7% of the common units are owned by the other limited partners of the Operating Partnership. For the Company to maintain its qualification as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), it cannot operate the hotels it owns. Therefore, the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries lease the hotel properties to subsidiaries of Pebblebrook Hotel Lessee, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, "PHL"), a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"), which in turn engage third-party eligible independent contractors to manage the hotels. PHL is consolidated into the Company’s financial statements.
COVID-19 and Liquidity Update
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") to be a global pandemic and the virus spread throughout the United States and the world. As a result of this pandemic and subsequent government mandates, health official recommendations, corporate policy changes and individual responses, hotel demand dramatically declined. In response, the Company implemented significant cost controls, salary reductions and temporarily suspended operations at 47 of its hotels and resorts in 2020. In addition, to improve liquidity, the Company raised capital by issuing convertible notes and additional preferred shares as summarized below. As demand improved as a result of an increase in vaccinations and corresponding lifting of governmental restrictions and recommendations, the Company gradually reopened its hotels and resorts. As of December 31, 2021, all of the Company's hotels and resorts were open, with the exception of Hotel Vitale, whose operations will remain suspended until the completion of its renovations and repositioning, which we expect to occur in the second quarter of 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the Company's operations and financial results throughout 2021. Although results improved relative to 2020, the Company cannot estimate with certainty when travel demand will fully recover. However, the Company anticipates further recovery in 2022. Leisure travel in 2021 exceeded expectations, particularly at the Company's warmer-weather and resort properties, and we expect this trend to continue in 2022. However, business travel continues to be substantially lower.
During 2021, the Company amended the agreements governing its existing credit facilities, term loan facilities and unsecured senior notes to, among other changes:
•waive quarterly financial covenants until the second quarter of 2022, with substantially less-restrictive covenants through the end of the first quarter of 2023;
•extend or provide the option for us to extend more than $1.0 billion of debt maturities including our revolving credit facility;
•increase pricing until the end of the covenant waiver period; and
•impose certain restrictions during the covenant waiver period on share repurchases, dividends, capital improvements, and hotel property acquisitions.
F-12
Table of Contents
Based on the amendments to the Company's credit agreements, actions noted above, and assumptions regarding the recovery of demand, the Company believes it has sufficient liquidity to meet its obligations for the next 12 months. For further discussion on the Company's liquidity, see Liquidity and Capital Resources included in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, other significant transactions included:
•On February 9, 2021, the Company issued, at a 5.5% premium to par, an additional $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of the convertible notes originally issued in December 2020.
•On April 1, 2021, the Company sold the Sir Francis Drake for $157.6 million.
•On May 13, 2021, the Company raised $222.6 million of net proceeds from the issuance of 9,200,0006.375% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On June 10, 2021, the Company sold The Roger New York for $19.0 million.
•On July 22, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in Jekyll Island Club Resort for $94.0 million.
•On July 27, 2021, the Company raised $242.1 million of net proceeds from the issuance of 10,000,0005.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On August 21, 2021, the Company redeemed all outstanding 6.375% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On August 22, 2021, the Company redeemed all outstanding 6.50% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares.
•On September 9, 2021, the Company sold Villa Florence San Francisco on Union Square for $87.5 million.
•On September 23, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort for $270.0 million, including the assumption of a $161.5 million mortgage loan.
•On October 20, 2021, the Company acquired Avalon Bed & Breakfast and Duval Gardens for $20.0 million, with both properties consolidated into the Company's Southernmost Beach Resort.
•On December 1, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa for $108.0 million, including the assumption of a $61.7 million mortgage loan.
•The Company paid down $431.9 million of debt, consisting of $341.9 million of term loans, $50.0 million of senior unsecured notes and $40.0 million on the senior unsecured credit facility.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Company and its subsidiaries are separate legal entities and maintain records and books of account separate and apart from each other. The consolidated financial statements include all of the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries and are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in entities that the Company does not control, but over which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence regarding operating and financial policies, are accounted for under the equity method.
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period's financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and revenues and expenses. These estimates are prepared using management’s best judgment, after considering past, current and expected events and economic conditions. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Risks and Uncertainties
The state of the overall economy can significantly impact hotel operational performance and thus, impact the Company's financial position. As discussed above, the impact of COVID-19 has significantly impacted the hotels' operational performance and therefore the Company has significantly reduced distributions to our shareholders in addition to taking other measures in order to reduce operating expenses. A continued reduction in travel may impact the Company's ability to service debt or meet other financial obligations.
F-13
Table of Contents
Fair Value Measurements
A fair value measurement is based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in an orderly transaction. The hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value are as follows:
1.Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
2.Level 2 – Inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable.
3.Level 3 – Model-derived valuations with unobservable inputs.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company's financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses. Due to their short maturities, the carrying amounts of these assets and liabilities approximate fair value. See Note 5, Debt, to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for disclosures on the fair value of debt and derivative instruments.
Investment in Hotel Properties
Upon acquiring a business or hotel property, the Company measures and recognizes the fair value of the acquired land, land improvements, building, furniture, fixtures and equipment, identifiable intangible assets or liabilities, other assets and assumed liabilities. Identifiable intangible assets or liabilities typically arise from contractual arrangements in connection with the transaction, including terms that are above or below market compared to an estimated market agreement at the acquisition date. Acquisition-date fair values of assets and assumed liabilities are determined using a combination of the market, cost and income approaches. These valuation methodologies are based on significant Level 2 and Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy, such as estimates of future income growth, capitalization rates, discount rates, capital expenditures and cash flow projections, including hotel revenues and net operating income, at the respective hotel properties.
Transaction costs related to business combinations are expensed as incurred and included on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized and recorded to investment in hotel property.
Hotel renovations and replacements of assets that improve or extend the life of the asset are recorded at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Furniture, fixtures and equipment under finance leases are recorded at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Hotel properties are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 10 to 40 years for buildings, land improvements, and building improvements and 1 to 10 years for furniture, fixtures and equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the useful lives of the related assets. Intangible assets arising from contractual arrangements are typically amortized over the life of the contract. The Company is required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives and classification of properties for purposes of determining the amount of depreciation expense to reflect each year with respect to the assets. These assessments may impact the Company’s results of operations.
The Company reviews its investments in hotel properties for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the hotel properties may not be recoverable. Events or circumstances that may cause a review include, but are not limited to, when a hotel property experiences a current or projected loss from operations, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel property will be sold before the end of its useful life, adverse changes in the demand for lodging at the properties due to declining national or local economic conditions and/or new hotel construction in markets where the hotels are located. When such conditions exist, the Company performs an analysis to determine if the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from operations and the proceeds from the ultimate disposition of a hotel exceed its carrying value. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an adjustment to reduce the carrying value to the related hotel’s estimated fair market value is recorded and an impairment loss is recognized. In the evaluation of impairment of its hotel properties, the Company makes many assumptions and estimates including projected cash flows both from operations and eventual disposition, expected useful life and estimated holding period, future required capital expenditures, and fair values, including consideration of expected terminal capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. The Company will adjust its assumptions with respect to the remaining useful life of the hotel property when circumstances change or it is more likely than not that the hotel property will be sold prior to its previously expected useful life.
F-14
Table of Contents
The Company will classify a hotel as held for sale and will cease recording depreciation expense when a binding agreement to sell the property has been signed under which the buyer has committed a significant amount of nonrefundable cash, approval of the Company's board of trustees (the "Board of Trustees") has been obtained, no significant financing contingencies exist, and the sale is expected to close within one year. If the fair value less costs to sell is lower than the carrying value of the hotel, the Company will record an impairment loss. The Company will classify the loss, together with the related operating results, as continuing or discontinuing operations on the statements of operations and classify the assets and related liabilities as held for sale on the balance sheet.
Intangible Assets and Liabilities
Intangible assets or liabilities are recorded on non-market contracts assumed as part of the acquisition of certain hotels. The Company reviews the terms of agreements assumed in conjunction with the purchase of a hotel to determine if the terms are over or under market compared to an estimated market agreement at the acquisition date. Under market lease assets or over market contract liabilities are recorded at the acquisition date and amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the agreement. The Company does not amortize intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, but reviews these assets for impairment annually or at interim periods if events or circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, demand deposits with financial institutions and short-term liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents balances in excess of insured limits with various financial institutions. This may subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the credit quality of these financial institutions.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash primarily consists of reserves for replacement of furniture and fixtures, cash held in escrow pursuant to certain lender or hotel management agreement requirements to pay for real estate taxes, ground rent or property insurance and cash held in cash management and lockbox accounts pursuant to certain mortgage loan requirements.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets
The Company's prepaid expenses and other assets consist of prepaid real estate taxes, prepaid insurance, inventories, over or under market leases, and corporate office equipment and furniture.
Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to the effects of interest rate changes. The Company may enter into derivative instruments including interest rate swaps, caps and collars to manage or hedge interest rate risk. Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet date. Unrealized gains and losses of hedging instruments are reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue consists of amounts derived from hotel operations, including the sales of rooms, food and beverage, and other ancillary services. Room revenue is recognized over the length of a customer's hotel stay. Revenue from food and beverage and other ancillary services is generated when a customer chooses to purchase goods or services separately from a hotel room and revenue is recognized on these distinct goods and services at the point in time or over the time period that goods or services are provided to the customer. Certain ancillary services are provided by third parties and the Company assesses whether it is the principal or agent in these arrangements. If the Company is the agent, revenue is recognized based upon the commission earned from the third party. If the Company is the principal, the Company recognizes revenue based upon the gross sales price. Some contracts for rooms or food and beverage services require an upfront deposit which is recorded as deferred revenues (or contract liabilities) and recognized once the performance obligations are satisfied.
The Company recognizes revenue related to nonrefundable membership initiation fees and refundable membership initiation deposits over the expected life of an active membership. For refundable membership initiation deposits, the difference between the amount paid by the member and the present value of the refund obligation is deferred and recognized as other operating revenues on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income over the expected life of an active membership. The present value of the refund obligation is recorded as a membership initiation deposit liability in the consolidated balance sheets and accretes over the nonrefundable term using the effective interest method using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The accretion is included in interest expense.
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Certain of the Company's hotels have retail spaces, restaurants or other spaces which the Company leases to third parties. Lease revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease and included in other operating revenues in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
The Company collects sales, use, occupancy and similar taxes at its hotels which are presented on a net basis on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Accounts receivable primarily represents receivables from hotel guests who occupy hotel rooms and utilize hotel services. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts sufficient to cover estimated potential credit losses.
Income Taxes
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, the Company must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distribute at least 90 percent of its REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) to its shareholders. As a REIT, the Company generally is not subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of its taxable income that is currently distributed to shareholders. The Company is subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and to federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed taxable income. In addition, the Company's TRS lessees are subject to federal and state income taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Valuation allowances are provided if, based upon the weight of the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Share-based Compensation
The Company has adopted an equity incentive plan that provides for the grant of common share options, share awards, share appreciation rights, performance units and other equity-based awards. Equity-based compensation is measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant and recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Share-based compensation awards that contain a performance condition are reviewed at least quarterly to assess the achievement of the performance condition. Compensation expense will be adjusted when a change in the assessment of achievement of the specific performance condition level is determined to be probable. The determination of fair value of these awards is subjective and involves significant estimates and assumptions including expected volatility of the Company's shares, expected dividend yield, expected term and assumptions of whether these awards will achieve parity with other operating partnership units or achieve performance thresholds.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing the net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders, as adjusted for dilutive securities, by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus dilutive securities. Any anti-dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted per-share calculation.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The purpose of reporting comprehensive income (loss) is to report a measure of all changes in equity of an entity that result from recognized transactions and other economic events of the period other than transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss).
Segment Information
The Company separately evaluates the performance of each of its hotel properties. However, because each of the hotels has similar economic characteristics, facilities, and services, the hotel properties have been aggregated into a single operating segment.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Convertible Debt
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20)and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which simplified the accounting for convertible instruments by eliminating the requirement to separate conversion features from the host contract. The new guidance eliminates the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models for convertible instruments. As a result, in more cases, convertible debt will be accounted for as a single instrument. The guidance also removes certain conditions for equity classification related to contracts in an entity’s own equity and requires the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share.
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The Company early adopted ASU 2020-06 effective January 1, 2021 and reclassified its equity component of the convertible debt to the liability. Convertible debt is now recorded entirely as a single liability with no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the convertible debt instrument recorded as attributable to the conversion feature. In addition, the Company ceased recording non-cash interest expense associated with the amortization of the debt discount and calculates earnings per share using the if-converted method to the extent those shares are not anti-dilutive.
Reference Rate Reform
In March 2020 and January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting and ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), respectively. ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform, if certain criteria are met. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 was effective upon issuance and, once adopted, may be applied prospectively to contract modifications and hedging relationships through December 31, 2022.
In 2020, the Company elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the adoption of ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 on its consolidated financial statements.
Note 3. Acquisition and Disposition of Hotel Properties
Acquisitions
On July 22, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in the 200-room Jekyll Island Club Resort in Jekyll Island, Georgia for $94.0 million, excluding prorations and transaction costs, using cash on hand.
On September 23, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in the 369-room Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort in Hollywood, Florida for $270.0 million, excluding prorations and transaction costs, using cash on hand and the assumption of a $161.5 million mortgage loan.
On October 20, 2021, the Company acquired the 19-room Avalon Bed & Breakfast and the 12-room Duval Gardens in Key West, Florida for $20.0 million, excluding prorations and transaction costs, using cash on hand. Both properties were consolidated into the Company's Southernmost Beach Resort.
On December 1, 2021, the Company acquired the leasehold interest in the 210-room Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spain La Jolla, California for $108.0 million, excluding prorations and transaction costs, using cash on hand and the assumption of a $61.7 million mortgage loan.
See Note 5, Debt, for additional information about the mortgage loans assumed and Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information about the leasehold interests acquired.
Dispositions
The following table summarizes disposition transactions during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
Hotel Property Name Location Sale Date Sale Price
Sir Francis Drake San Francisco, CA April 1, 2021 $ 157,625
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income included operating income (loss) of $(6.5) million, $(15.5) million and $33.8 million, respectively, excluding impairment loss and (gain) loss on sale of hotel properties, related to the hotel properties sold.
The sales of the hotel properties described above did not represent a strategic shift that had a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results, and therefore, did not qualify as discontinued operations.
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Note 4. Investment in Hotel Properties
Investment in hotel properties as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):
Impairment
The Company reviews its investment in hotel properties for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate potential impairment. As a result of the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on its expected future operating cash flows and estimated hold periods for certain properties, the Company determined certain impairment triggers had occurred and therefore, the Company assessed its investment in hotel properties for recoverability. Based on the analyses performed, for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $14.9 million related to one hotel as a result of its fair value being lower than its carrying value. The impairment loss was determined using Level 2 inputs under authoritative guidance for fair value measurements using information from marketing efforts for this property. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $74.6 million related to two hotels and the retail component of a hotel as a result of the fair value being lower than its carrying value. The impairment loss was determined using Level 2 inputs under authoritative guidance for fair value measurements using information from marketing efforts for this property.
Right-of-use Assets and Lease Liabilities
The Company recognized right-of-use assets and related liabilities related to its ground leases, all of which are operating leases. When the rate implicit in the lease could not be determined, the Company used incremental borrowing rates, which ranged from 4.7% to 7.6%. In addition, the term used includes any options to exercise extensions when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise such option. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information about the ground leases.
The right-of-use assets and liabilities are amortized to ground rent expense over the term of the underlying lease agreements. As of December 31, 2021, the Company's lease liabilities consisted of operating lease liabilities of $319.4 million and financing lease liabilities of $42.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, the Company's lease liabilities consisted of operating lease liabilities of $255.1 million and financing lease liabilities of $46.4 million. The financing lease liabilities are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Company's accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Note 5. Debt
On February 18, 2021, the Company amended its credit agreements and related documents governing its unsecured revolving credit facilities, term loan agreements and senior notes, which:
•waived all of its financial covenants until the second quarter of 2022 (with substantially less-restrictive covenants through the end of the first quarter of 2023), except for the minimum fixed charge coverage ("FCCR") and the minimum unsecured interest coverage ratio ("Unsecured ICR") which were extended through December 31, 2021;
•extended the majority of the remaining balance of the Company's Sixth Term Loan 2021 tranche, from November 2021 to November 2022;
•increased the spread on the unsecured revolving credit facility to LIBOR plus 2.40% and unsecured term loans to LIBOR plus 2.35%;
•increased the fixed rate on the senior unsecured notes by 0.45% during the waiver period; and
•extended other terms through the waiver period.
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On December 9, 2021, the Company amended its credit agreements and related documents governing its unsecured revolving credit facilities, term loan agreements and senior notes, which:
•extended the maturity date of the Company's senior unsecured credit facility from January 2022 to March 2023, and provided an option to extend for up to twosix-month periods;
•extended the maturity date of the Company's PHL unsecured credit facility from January 2022 to March 2023, and reduced the borrowing capacity principal amount from $25.0 million to $20.0 million;
•extended the maturity date for $274.0 million of the Company's First Term Loan from January 2023 to March 2024;
•provided an option to extend up to $69.8 million of the remaining principal balance of the Company's Sixth Term Loan Tranche 2021 from November 2022 to November 2023;
•provided an option to extend up to $93.0 million of the remaining principal balance of the Company's Sixth Term Loan Tranche 2022 from November 2022 to November 2023;
•set the maximum amount of permitted additional secured non-recourse indebtedness at $400.0 million;
•set the amount that may be reinvested in the acquisition of unencumbered hotel properties funded by the disposition of hotel properties at $1.0 billion;
•extended the waiver period for the minimum FCCR and the minimum Unsecured ICR financial covenants until the second quarter of 2022;
•set the minimum FCCR for the second quarter of 2022 to 1.25:1.00; and
•set the minimum Unsecured ICR for the second quarter of 2022 to 1.50:1.00.
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The Company's debt consisted of the following as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands):
Balance Outstanding as of
Interest Rate Maturity Date December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Revolving credit facilities
Senior unsecured credit facility Floating (1)(2)(3) March 2023 $ — $ 40,000
PHL unsecured credit facility Floating (2)(4) March 2023 — —
Total revolving credit facilities $ — $ 40,000
Unsecured term loans
First Term Loan Extended Floating (5) March 2024 274,000 —
Sixth Term Loan
Deferred financing costs, net (5,812) (8,455)
Convertible senior notes
Senior unsecured notes
Total senior unsecured notes at stated value 50,000 100,000
Deferred financing costs, net (162) (407)
Mortgage loans
Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort Floating (8) May 2022 161,500 —
Total mortgage loans at stated value 222,873 —
Debt premium (discount), net (2,735) —
Deferred financing costs, net (745) —
Total mortgage loans $ 219,393 $ —
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(1) Borrowings bear interest at floating rates equal to, at the Company's option, either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin or (ii) an Adjusted Base Rate (as defined in the applicable credit agreement) plus an applicable margin.
(2) In December 2021, the Company exercised the option to extend the maturity date to March 2023, pursuant to certain terms and conditions and payment of an extension fee.
(3) Of the total borrowing capacity, $39.0 million will mature in January 2022. The Company has the option to extend the maturity date of March 2023 for the remaining $611.0 million for up to twosix-month periods, pursuant to certain terms and conditions and payment of an extension fee.
(4) Borrowings bear interest at floating rates equal to, at the Company's option, either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin or (ii) a Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the applicable credit agreement) plus an applicable margin.
(5) Borrowings under the term loan facilities bear interest at floating rates equal to, at the Company's option, either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin or (ii) a Base Rate plus an applicable margin. As of December 31, 2021, approximately $1.3 billion of the borrowings under the term loan facilities bore an effective weighted-average fixed interest rate of 4.06%, after taking into account interest rate swap agreements, and approximately $113.1 million bore an effective weighted-average floating interest rate of 2.64%. As of December 31, 2020, approximately $1.4 billion of the borrowings under the term loan facilities bore an effective weighted-average fixed interest rate of 4.19%, after taking into account interest rate swap agreements, and approximately $345.0 million bore a weighted-average floating interest rate of 2.46%.
(6) In February 2021, the interest rate increased from 4.70% to 5.15%. The increased interest rate is effective through the end of the waiver period.
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(7) In February 2021, the interest rate increased from 4.93% to 5.38%. The increased interest rate is effective through the end of the waiver period.
(8) The loan bears interest at a floating rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a weighted-average spread of 2.37%. The Company has the option to extend the maturity date for up to twoone-year periods.
(9) The Company has the option to extend the maturity date for $69.8 million of the principal balance by up to one year, subject to certain terms and conditions and payment of an extension fee.
(10) The Company has the option to extend the maturity date for $93.0 million of the principal balance by up to one year, subject to certain terms and conditions and payment of an extension fee.
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facilities
The Company has a $650.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility, of which $39.0 million will mature in January 2022. The remaining $611.0 will mature in March 2023, with options to extend the maturity date for up to twosix-month periods, subject to certain terms and conditions and payment of an extension fee. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no outstanding borrowings, $12.1 million of outstanding letters of credit and borrowing capacity of $637.9 million remaining on its senior unsecured credit facility. Interest is paid on the periodic advances under the senior unsecured revolving credit facility at varying rates, based upon either the London Inter-bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or the alternate base rate, plus an additional margin amount, or spread. The Company has the ability to further increase the aggregate borrowing capacity under the credit agreement up to $1.3 billion, subject to lender approval. Borrowings on the revolving credit facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.45% to 2.25%, depending on the Company’s leverage ratio. As a result of the amendments to the credit agreements and related documentation described above, the spread on the borrowings is fixed at 2.40% during the waiver period. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an unused commitment fee at an annual rate of 0.20% or 0.30% of the unused portion of the revolving credit facility, depending on the amount of borrowings outstanding. The credit agreement contains certain financial covenants, including a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and a maximum percentage of secured debt to total asset value.
The Company also has a $20.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the "PHL Credit Facility") to be used for PHL's working capital and general corporate purposes. This credit facility has substantially similar terms as the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility and matures in March 2023. Borrowings on the PHL Credit Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.45% to 2.25%, depending on the Company's leverage ratio. As a result of the amendments described above, the spread of the borrowings is fixed at 2.40% during the waiver period. The PHL Credit Facility is subject to debt covenants substantially similar to the covenants under the Company's credit agreement that governs the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no borrowings under the PHL Credit Facility and had $20.0 million borrowing capacity remaining available under the PHL Credit Facility.
Under the terms of the credit agreement for the unsecured revolving credit facility, one or more standby letters of credit, up to a maximum aggregate outstanding balance of $30.0 million, may be issued on behalf of the Company by the lenders under the unsecured revolving credit facility. The Company will incur a fee that shall be agreed upon with the issuing bank. Any outstanding standby letters of credit reduce the available borrowings on the senior unsecured revolving credit facility by a corresponding amount. Standby letters of credit of $12.1 million and $6.8 million were outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants of the credit agreements that govern the unsecured revolving credit facilities.
Unsecured Term Loan Facilities
The Company has senior unsecured term loans with different maturities. Each unsecured term loan bears interest at a variable rate of a benchmark interest rate plus an applicable margin, depending on the Company's leverage ratio. Each of the term loan facilities is subject to debt covenants substantially similar to the covenants under the credit agreement that governs the revolving credit facility. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company repaid $341.9 million aggregate principal balance of the Company's Second Term Loan and Sixth Term Loan. As of December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants of its term loan facilities.
The Company entered into interest rate swap agreements to fix the LIBOR rate on a portion of these unsecured term loan facilities. See Derivative and Hedging Activities for further discussion on the interest rate swaps.
Convertible Senior Notes
In December 2020, the Company issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Senior Notes due December 2026 (the "Convertible Notes"). The net proceeds from this offering of the Convertible Notes were approximately $487.3 million after deducting the underwriting fees and other expenses paid by the Company.
In February 2021, the Company issued an additional $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes. These additional Convertible Notes were sold at a 5.5% premium to par and generated net proceeds of approximately $257.2 million after deducting the underwriting fees and other expenses paid by the Company of $6.5 million, which was offset by a premium received in the amount of $13.8 million.
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The Convertible Notes are governed by an indenture (the “Base Indenture”) between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. The Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15th and December 15th of each year, beginning on June 15, 2021. The Convertible Notes will mature on December 15, 2026. The Company recorded coupon interest expense of $12.7 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The Company separated the Convertible Notes issued in December 2020 into liability and equity components. The initial carrying amount of the liability component was $386.1 million and was calculated using a discount rate of 6.25%. The discount rate was based on the terms of debt instruments that were similar to the Convertible Notes. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the principal amount of such Convertible Notes, or $113.9 million. The amount recorded in equity was not subject to remeasurement or amortization. The $113.9 million also represented the initial discount recorded on the Convertible Notes. As a result of the Company's early adoption of ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2021, the Convertible Notes are now recorded as a single liability with no portion recorded in equity. The Company also ceased recording non-cash interest expense associated with the amortization of the debt discount.
Prior to June 15, 2026, the Convertible Notes will be convertible upon certain circumstances. On and after June 15, 2026, holders may convert any of their Convertible Notes into the Company’s common shares of beneficial interest (“common shares”) at the applicable conversion rate at any time at their election two days prior to the maturity date. The initial conversion rate is 39.2549 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $25.47 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes did not exceed the principal amount.
The Company may redeem for cash all or a portion of the Convertible Notes, at its option, on or after December 20, 2023 upon certain circumstances. The redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. If certain make-whole fundamental changes occur, the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes may be increased.
In connection with the Convertible Notes issuances, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Call Transactions”) with certain of the underwriters of the offerings of the Convertible Notes or their respective affiliates and other financial institutions. The Capped Call Transactions initially cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Convertible Notes, the number of common shares underlying the Convertible Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to holders of common shares upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or offset the potential cash payments that the Company could be required to make in excess of the principal amount of any converted Convertible Notes upon conversion thereof, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. The upper strike price of the Capped Call Transactions is $33.0225 per share. The cost of the Capped Call Transactions entered into in December 2020 and February 2021 was $38.3 million and $21.0 million, respectively, and was recorded within additional paid-in capital.
Senior Unsecured Notes
The Company has $47.6 million of senior unsecured notes outstanding bearing a fixed interest rate of 4.70% per annum and maturing in December 2023 (the "Series A Notes") and $2.4 million of senior unsecured notes outstanding bearing a fixed interest rate of 4.93% per annum and maturing in December 2025 (the "Series B Notes"). As a result of the amendments described above, the interest rates of the Series A Notes and the Series B Notes are fixed at 5.15% and 5.38%, respectively, for the duration of the waiver period. The debt covenants of the Series A Notes and the Series B Notes are substantially similar to those of the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all such debt covenants.
Mortgage Loans
On September 23, 2021, the Company assumed a $161.5 million loan secured by a first-lien mortgage on the leasehold interest of Margaritaville Hollywood Beach Resort ("Margaritaville"). The loan requires interest-only payments based on a floating interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus a weighted-average spread of 2.37%. The loan matures on May 9, 2022 and may be extended for up to twoone-year periods. If the loan is extended for the second of the twoone-year periods, the interest rate spread will increase by 20 basis points for the second-year period only. The Company expects to exercise both extensions. The loan is also subject to an interest rate cap agreement.
On December 1, 2021, the Company assumed a $61.7 million loan secured by a first-lien mortgage on the leasehold interest of Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa ("Estancia"). The loan requires both principal and interest monthly payments based on a fixed interest rate of 5.07%. The loan matures on September 1, 2028.
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The Company's mortgage loans associated with Margaritaville and Estancia are non-recourse to the Company except for customary carve-outs to the general non-recourse liability. The loans contain customary provisions regarding events of default, as well as customary cash management, cash trap and lockbox provisions. Cash trap provisions are triggered if the hotel's performance is below a certain threshold. Once triggered, all of the cash flow generated by the hotel is deposited directly into lockbox accounts and then swept into cash management accounts for the benefit of our lender. No event of default has occurred under the loan documents.
The mortgage loans triggered the cash trap provisions prior to the acquisitions, and therefore cash from hotel operations is being held by the lender in the cash management accounts and reflected as restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Cash will be released from the lockbox once the hotel reaches profitability levels that terminate the cash trap or the loan is paid off.
Interest Expense
The components of the Company's interest expense consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31,
Fair Value
The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed rate debt by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument at estimated market rates, taking into consideration general market conditions and maturity of the debt with similar credit terms and is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Company’s fixed rate debt (unsecured senior notes, convertible senior notes and the Estancia mortgage loan) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $747.8 million and $491.8 million, respectively.
Future Minimum Principal Payments
As of December 31, 2021, the future minimum principal payments for the Company's debt, assuming all extension options available in the Company's debt agreements are exercised, are as follows (in thousands):
Total debt principle payments $ 2,455,941
Deferred financing costs, net (22,923)
Debt premium (discount), net 8,870
Derivative and Hedging Activities
The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements to hedge against interest rate fluctuations. All of the Company's interest rate swaps are cash flow hedges. All unrealized gains and losses on these hedging instruments are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
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The Company's interest rate swaps at December 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following, by maturity date (dollars in thousands):
Aggregate Notional Value as of
Hedge Type Interest Rate Range Maturity December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
The Company records all derivative instruments at fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Fair values of interest rate swaps and caps are determined using the standard market methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts/payments and the discounted expected variable cash payments/receipts. Variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts and payments on the swaps are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves (Overnight Index Swap curves) and volatilities (Level 2 inputs). Derivatives expose the Company to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties under the terms of the interest rate hedge agreements. The Company incorporates these counterparty credit risks in its fair value measurements. The Company believes it minimizes the credit risk by transacting with major creditworthy financial institutions.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company's derivative instruments were in both asset and liability positions, with aggregate asset and liability fair values of $0.6 million and $20.2 million, respectively. Derivative assets are included in prepaid expenses and other assets and derivative liabilities are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company expects approximately $13.2 million will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense within the next 12 months.
Note 6. Revenue
The Company presents revenue on a disaggregated basis in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The following table presents revenues by geographic location for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31,
______________________
(1)Other includes: Nashville, TN, New York, NY, Philadelphia, PA and Santa Cruz, CA.
Payments from customers are primarily made when services are provided. Due to the short-term nature of the Company's contracts and the almost simultaneous receipt of payment, almost all of the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period is expected to be recognized as revenue over the following 12 months.
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Note 7. Equity
Common Shares
The Company is authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 common shares. Each outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders. Holders of common shares are entitled to receive dividends when authorized by the Board of Trustees.
Share Repurchase Program
On February 22, 2016, the Company announced that the Board of Trustees authorized a share repurchase program of up to $150.0 million of common shares. Under this program, the Company may repurchase common shares from time to time in transactions on the open market or by private agreement. The Company may suspend or discontinue this program at any time. Upon repurchase by the Company, common shares cease to be outstanding and become authorized but unissued common shares. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company had no repurchases under this program and as of December 31, 2021, $56.6 million of common shares remained available for repurchase under this program. The credit agreements governing the Company's existing indebtedness prohibits the Company from repurchasing common shares until the Company has certified compliance with certain financial covenants through June 30, 2022.
On July 27, 2017, the Company announced that the Board of Trustees authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $100.0 million of common shares. Under this program, the Company may repurchase common shares from time to time in transactions on the open market or by private agreement. The Company may suspend or discontinue this program at any time. This $100.0 million share repurchase program will commence upon completion of the Company's $150.0 million share repurchase program.
ATM Program
On April 29, 2021, the Company filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC to sell up to $200.0 million of common shares under an "at the market" offering program (the "ATM program"). No common shares were issued or sold under the ATM program during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, $200.0 million of common shares remained available for issuance under the ATM program.
Common Dividends
The Company declared the following dividends on common shares/units for the year ended December 31, 2021:
Dividend per Share/Unit For the Quarter Ended Record Date Payable Date
Preferred Shares
The Company is authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 preferred shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share (“preferred shares”).
In May 2021, the Company issued 9,200,0006.375% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares at a public offering price of $25.00 per share for net proceeds of $222.6 million. In July 2021, the Company issued 10,000,0005.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares at a public offering price of $25.00 per share for net proceeds of $242.1 million.
In August 2021, the Company redeemed all outstanding shares of 6.50% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares and 6.375% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares at the redemption amount of $25.00 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends of $0.17 and $0.16 per share, respectively.
F-25
Table of Contents
The following Preferred Shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020:
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The Series E, Series F, Series G and Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares (collectively, the “Preferred Shares”) rank senior to the common shares and on parity with each other with respect to payment of distributions. The Preferred Shares do not have any maturity date and are not subject to mandatory redemption. The Series E and Series F Preferred Shares could not be redeemed prior to March 4, 2018, and May 25, 2021, respectively, except in limited circumstances relating to the Company’s continuing qualification as a REIT or as discussed below. The Series G and Series H Preferred Shares may not be redeemed prior to May 13, 2026 and July 27, 2026, respectively, except in limited circumstances relating to the Company’s continuing qualification as a REIT or as discussed below. On or after such dates, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Preferred Shares, in each case in whole or from time to time in part, by payment of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued and unpaid distributions through the date of redemption. Upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the Company's declaration of trust, the result of which the common shares and the common securities of the acquiring or surviving entity are not listed on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT or Nasdaq, or any successor exchanges, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Preferred Shares in whole or in part within 120 days following the change of control by paying $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid distributions through the date of redemption. If the Company does not exercise its right to redeem the Preferred Shares upon a change of control, the holders of the Preferred Shares have the right to convert some or all of their shares into a number of common shares based on defined formulas subject to share caps. The share cap on each Series E Preferred Share is 1.9372 common shares, on each Series F Preferred Share is 2.0649 common shares, on each Series G Preferred Share is 2.1231 common shares, and on each Series H Preferred Share is 2.2311 common shares.
Preferred Dividends