Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward Looking Statements
When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in future filings by the Company with the SEC, words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “will” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any such forward looking statements, each of which speak only as of the date made. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical earnings and those presently anticipated or projected. The Company has no obligation to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances occurring after the date of such statements.
These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes that may occur to general economic and business conditions; changes in current pricing levels that the Company can charge for its services and products or which it pays to its suppliers and business partners; changes in political, social and economic conditions in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates; changes to regulations that pertain to its operations; changes in technology that render the Company’s technology relatively inferior, obsolete or more expensive compared to others; changes in the business prospects of the Company’s business partners and customers; increased competition, including from the Company’s business partners; and enforcement of United States federal cannabis-related laws.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes which are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under Item 8.
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The Company does not undertake to update its forward-looking statements or risk factors to reflect future events or circumstances, unless required by law.
Overview
We are a multi-state operator in the United States cannabis industry. We develop, operate, manage, and optimize state-of-the-art, regulatory-compliant facilities for the cultivation, production, and dispensing of medicinal and adult-use cannabis. We also license our proprietary brands of cannabis products, along with other top brands, in several domestic markets.
Our common stock trades on both the OCTQX and on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the ticker symbol MRMD.
On March 9, 2023 (the "Ermont Acquisition Date"), we acquired the operating assets of Ermont, Inc. ("Ermont"), a medical-licensed vertical cannabis operator located in Quincy, Massachusetts (the "Ermont Acquisition"). The financial results of Ermont are included in our consolidated financial statements for the period subsequent to the Ermont Acquisition Date.
On April 27, 2022 (the “Kind Acquisition Date”), we acquired Kind Therapeutics USA (“Kind”), our former client in Maryland that holds licenses for the cultivation, production, and dispensing of medical cannabis (the “Kind Acquisition”). The financial results of Kind are included in our consolidated financial statements for the periods subsequent to the Kind Acquisition Date.
On May 5, 2022, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity ownership of Green Growth Group Inc. (“Green Growth”), an entity that holds a craft cultivation and production cannabis license in the State of Illinois (the “Green Growth Acquisition”).
On December 30, 2022, we completed an asset purchase under which we acquired from Greenhouse Naturals LLC the cannabis license and assumed the property lease associated with a cannabis dispensary in Beverly, Massachusetts that had never been operational.
During 2023, we were focused on continuing to execute our strategic growth plan, and intend to continue this focus in 2024, with priority on the activities described below:
•Increasing revenue organically in states where we currently do business by growing our product offerings, bolstering awareness via marketing campaigns, and developing additional assets within those states.
•Expanding our footprint into high-growth legal cannabis states through new license applications and/or acquisitions of existing cannabis businesses.
•Increasing revenue by producing and distributing our award-winning brands to qualified strategic partners or by acquiring production and distribution licenses.
•Continuing to consolidate the cannabis businesses that we have developed and managed.
•In Massachusetts, we opened two additional dispensaries and intend to significantly expand the capacity and capability of our manufacturing facility in New Bedford, Massachusetts.
•In Maryland, we opened a dispensary in Annapolis in October 2022, and we intend to expand our manufacturing facility by 40,000 square feet. We recently received Good Manufacturing Practices ("GMP") certification of our production kitchen, as well as approval to produce and sell high-dose edibles, which we have commenced. We also commenced adult-use wholesale and retail sales in Maryland. Under current Maryland cannabis laws, we have the potential to add three additional medical dispensaries, for a total of four.
•In Illinois, in May 2022, we closed on the acquisition of a craft cannabis license, which enables us to be vertically integrated and add cultivation, manufacturing, and distribution to our four existing retail cannabis operations in Illinois. Additionally, in October 2023, we announced the opening of a Thrive Dispensary in Casey. In response to the state's request to open as soon as possible, we are currently operating the Thrive Dispensary from a temporary mobile facility while construction on a permanent building is completed on the same site. Under
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Illinois cannabis laws, we have the potential to add five additional dispensaries, for a total of ten.
•In November 2023, we were granted a certificate of occupancy for our processing kitchen in Mt. Vernon, Illinois, and we have begun manufacturing our branded products for sale through retail and wholesale channels. Additionally, we continue construction of the cultivation facility in Mt. Vernon, and expect this facility to be completed in early 2024.
•In Ohio, in June 2023, we opened our first medical dispensary in the state, and we intend to explore additional opportunities to grow our operations in Ohio to the maximum allowable by state regulations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions and beliefs of what could occur in the future given available information. If actual results differ significantly from management’s estimates and projections, there could be a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements. We consider the following accounting policies to be both those most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and those that require the most subjective judgment: accounts receivable; valuation of inventory; estimated useful lives and depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangible assets; accounting for acquisitions and business combinations; loss contingencies and reserves; stock-based compensation; and accounting for income taxes.
Accounts Receivable
We provide credit to our clients in the form of payment terms. We limit our credit risk by performing credit evaluations of our clients and maintaining a reserve, as applicable, for potential credit losses. Such evaluations are judgmental in nature and include a review of the client’s outstanding balances with consideration toward such client’s historical collection experience, as well as prevailing economic and market conditions and other factors. Accordingly, the actual amounts collected could differ from expected amounts and require that we record additional reserves.
Inventory
Our inventory is valued at the lower of cost or market, including consideration of factors such as shrinkage, the aging of and future demand for inventory, expected future selling price, what we expect to realize by selling the inventory and the contractual arrangements with customers. Reserves for excess and obsolete inventory are based upon quantities on hand, projected volumes from demand forecasts, and net realizable value. These estimates are judgmental in nature and are made at a point in time, using available information, expected business plans and expected market conditions. As a result, the actual amount received on sale could differ from the estimated value of inventory. Periodic reviews are performed on the inventory balance. The impact of any changes in inventory reserves is reflected in cost of goods sold.
Estimated Useful Lives and Depreciation and Amortization of Property, Equipment, and Intangible Assets
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and intangible assets are dependent upon estimates of useful lives, which are determined through the exercise of judgment. The assessment of any impairment of these assets is dependent upon estimates of recoverable amounts that take into account factors such as economic and market conditions and the useful lives of assets.
Business Combinations and Asset Purchases
Classification of an acquisition as a business combination or an asset acquisition depends on whether the assets acquired constitute a business, which can be a complex judgment. Whether an acquisition is classified as a business combination or asset acquisition can have a significant impact on how we record the transaction.
We allocate the purchase price of acquired assets and companies to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net amount of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed and represents the
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expected future economic benefits from other assets acquired in the acquisition or business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Significant judgments and assumptions are required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, particularly acquired intangible assets, which are principally based upon estimates of the future performance and cash flows expected from the acquired asset or business and applied discount rates. While we use our best estimates and assumptions as part of the purchase price allocation process to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, our estimates and assumptions are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. If different assumptions are used, it could materially impact the purchase price allocation and our financial position and results of operations. Any adjustments to assets acquired or liabilities assumed subsequent to the purchase price allocation period are included in operating results in the period in which the adjustments are determined. Intangible assets typically are comprised of trademarks and trade names, licenses and customer relationships, and non-compete agreements.
Loss Contingencies and Reserves
We are subject to ongoing business risks arising in the ordinary course of business that affect the estimation process of the carrying value of assets, the recording liabilities, and the possibility of various loss contingencies. An estimated loss contingency is accrued when it is probable that a liability has been incurred or an asset has been impaired and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to determine whether such amounts should be adjusted and record changes in estimates in the period they become known. We are subject to legal claims from time to time. We reserve for legal contingencies and legal fees when the amounts are probable and estimable.
Stock-Based Compensation
Our stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. We use the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of stock options as of the date of grant. Determining the fair value of stock option awards at the grant date requires judgment regarding certain valuation assumptions, including the volatility of our stock price, expected term of the stock option, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Changes in such assumptions and estimates could result in different fair values and could therefore impact our earnings. Such changes, however, would not impact our cash flows.
Income Taxes
We use the asset and liability method to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the future tax consequences of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities, measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent our management concludes that it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. To assess the recoverability of any tax assets recorded on the balance sheet, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including our past operating results, the existence of cumulative income in the most recent years, changes in the business in which we operate and our forecast of future taxable income. In determining future taxable income, we make assumptions, including the amount of state and federal pre-tax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage our businesses.
Results of Operations
Years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Revenue
Our main sources of revenue are comprised of the following:
•Product sales (retail and wholesale) - direct sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products primarily by our retail dispensaries and wholesale operations in multiple states. We recognize this revenue when products are delivered or at retail points-of-sale.
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•Real estate rental income - rental income generated from the leasing of our state-of-the-art, regulatory compliant cannabis facilities to our cannabis-licensed clients. Rental income is generally a fixed amount per month that escalates over the respective lease terms. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, we charged additional rental fees based on a percentage of tenant revenue that exceeded specified amounts; these incremental rental fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with our client.
•Supply procurement - resale of cultivation and production resources, supplies and equipment that we have acquired from top national vendors at discounted prices to our clients and third parties within the cannabis industry. We recognize this revenue after the delivery and acceptance of goods by the purchaser.
•Management fees - fees for providing our cannabis-licensed clients with comprehensive oversight of their cannabis cultivation, production and dispensary operations. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, these fees were based on a percentage of such clients' revenue and were recognized after services were performed; these fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with our client.
•Licensing fees - revenue from the licensing of our branded products, including Betty's Eddies, Bubby's Baked, Vibations and Kalm Fusion, to wholesalers and regulated dispensaries throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. We recognize this revenue when the products are sold to the end customer.
Our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was comprised of the following (in thousands, except percentages):
Year ended December 31, Increase (decrease) from prior year
Product revenue:
Other revenue:
Our total revenue increased $14.6 million, or 10.9%, in the year ended December 31, 2023 ("2023") compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 ("2022"), the result of higher product revenue, partially offset by lower other revenue (real estate rentals, supply procurement, management fees and licensing fees).
Our total product revenue in 2023 increased $18.6 million, or 14.8%, primarily attributable to higher wholesale revenue, coupled with net increases in retail revenue. Our wholesale and retail revenue increased in both Maryland and Massachusetts in 2023. The increase in Maryland revenue is attributable to both the inclusion of a full year of revenue in 2023 compared to revenue in 2022 only for the period subsequent to the Kind Acquisition Date, and organic growth in the current year. The increase in Massachusetts revenue in 2023 was primarily attributable to higher retail revenue arising from our recent acquisitions there and, to a lesser extent, to higher wholesale revenue. These increases were partially offset by decreases in revenue from certain of our other dispensaries.
The decrease in our other revenue was primarily attributable to rent, supply procurement and management fee reductions in connection with one of our cannabis-licensed clients. These decreases were partially offset by higher supply procurement revenue primarily attributable to revenue generated from our cannabis-licensed client in Delaware.
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Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Our cost of revenue represents the direct costs associated with the generation of our revenue, including licensing, packaging, supply procurement, manufacturing, supplies, depreciation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, and other product-related costs.
Our cost of revenue, gross profit and gross margin for 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Year ended December 31, Increase from prior year
Our cost of revenue increased in 2023 compared to 2022, primarily attributable to higher materials and employee-related costs. These increases aggregated approximately $16 million, and were primarily due to our increased headcount in connection with our recent acquisitions and expanded footprint. These increases were partially offset by lower supply procurement and certain manufacturing-related expenses.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses are comprised of personnel, marketing and promotion, general and administrative, acquisition-related and other, and bad debt expenses. Our operating expenses for 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Year ended December 31, Increase (decrease) from prior year
The increase in our personnel expenses in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily due to the hiring of additional staff to support higher levels of projected revenue from existing and expanded operations, as well as increased headcount arising from the Kind Acquisition and, to a lesser extent, our other recent acquisitions. Personnel costs increased to approximately 15% of revenue in 2023 compared to approximately 11% of revenue in 2022.
The increase in our marketing and promotion expenses in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily attributable to our focused efforts to upgrade our marketing initiatives in order to expand branding and distribution of our licensed products. Marketing and promotion costs increased to approximately 4% of revenue in 2023, compared to approximately 3% of revenue in 2021.
The increase in our general and administrative expenses in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily attributable to higher facility-related, travel and entertainment, and insurance-related expenses, partially offset by lower costs in connection with our equity programs and lower bad debt expense. These decreases were partially offset by higher facilities-related and depreciation expenses.
Acquisition-related and other expenses include those expenses related to acquisitions and other significant transactions that we would otherwise not have incurred, and include professional and services fees, such as legal, audit, consulting, paying agent and other fees. We incurred $0.7 million of acquisition-related and other expense in 2023, primarily related to our acquisitive activities. We incurred $1.0 million of acquisition-related and other expenses in 2022, primarily related to the Kind Acquisition in April 2022 and the July 2022 listing of our common stock on the Canadian Securities Exchange.
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Overall, the increase in our operating expenses in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily attributable to our higher personnel, marketing and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by lower bad debt and acquisition-related and other expenses.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense primarily relates to interest on mortgages and notes payable and, effective in 2023, the CA Credit Agreement (as described below) and, to a lesser extent, the CREM Loan (as described below). Interest income primarily relates to our notes receivable. Other expense, net, includes gains (losses) on changes in the fair value of our investments and other investment-related income (expense).
Our net interest expense increased by $8.2 million in 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to interest or the CA Credit Agreement and expense related to the fair value adjustment to notes payable in connection with our early repayment of the notes payable for the Kind Acquisition.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
On November 16, 2023, we repaid and retired the term loan outstanding under the CA Credit Agreement (the "CA Term Loan Payoff") using proceeds from the CREM Loan entered into on the same day. The Term Loan payoff amount totaled $32.7 million, comprised of $28.5 million for the outstanding principal, $3.7 million for the make-whole payment, $0.2 million for accrued unpaid interest and $0.3 million for transaction-related fees. We also repaid the mortgage with Bank of New England related to our Massachusetts facilities in New Bedford and Middleborough (the "BNE Payoff") and concurrently, we refinanced these properties under the CREM Loan. In connection with these early repayments, we recognized losses aggregating $10.4 million, comprised of $10.2 million in connection with the CA Term Loan Payoff and $0.2 million in connection with the BNE Payoff.
Other Expense, Net
We reported net other expense of $1.6 million and $0.1 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The 2023 expense is primarily comprised of $0.9 million for the write-off of assets in the first quarter of 2023 in connection with our decision to cancel our plans to expand into Nevada and a $0.7 million term loan payment that we initiated in error to an account provided in a fraudulent email we received. We were initially advised by JPM Chase, the recipient's bank ("Chase") that we had identified the problem before the payment was delivered to the account identified by the email, and that the funds were being held by Chase pending its completion of an internal investigation. Chase has subsequently advised us that the funds were delivered to the fraudulent recipient's account. We continue to pursue all channels through our bank to recover these funds. In addition, we initiated, and are pursuing, a claim under our insurance coverage to recover this amount. There is no assurance that we will successfully recover all or any portion of this amount, including under our insurance claim. We reduced our cash balance and included this amount as a component of Other expense, net, in our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023. If these funds, or any portion of these funds, are recovered, we will reverse the expense accordingly. We have implemented additional safeguards to protect ourselves from future fraudulent activity; please see Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and Item 1C. Cybersecurity for further information. We recorded nominal net other expense for 2022, comprised of $1.0 million of non-cash income from the sale of an investment, virtually offset by a $1.1 million loss from the change in fair value of other investments.
Income Tax Provision
We recorded income tax provisions of $9.4 million and $5.9 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The provision recorded for both 2023 and 2022 was due in part to the impact of Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code, which prohibits the deduction of certain ordinary business expenses.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We had cash and cash equivalents of $14.6 million and $9.7 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition to the discussions below of our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities, please also see our discussion of non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA in the section “Non-GAAP Measurement” below, which discusses an additional financial measure not defined by GAAP, which our management also uses to measure our liquidity.
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CA Credit Agreement
On January 24, 2023, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement, by and among the Company, subsidiaries of the Company from time-to-time party thereto (collectively with the Company, the “CA Borrowers”), lenders from time-to-time party thereto (the “CA Lenders”), and Chicago Atlantic Admin, LLC (“Chicago Atlantic”), as administrative agent for the Lenders (the "CA Credit Agreement").
Proceeds from the CA Credit Agreement were designated to complete the build-out of a new cultivation and processing facility in Illinois, complete the build-out of a new processing kitchen in Missouri, expand existing cultivation and processing facilities in Massachusetts and Maryland, fund certain capital expenditures, and repay in full the Kind Therapeutics seller notes incurred in connection with the Kind Acquisition, which repayment occurred on January 24, 2023. The remaining balance, if any, was expected to be used to fund acquisitions.
The CA Credit Agreement provided for $35.0 million in principal borrowings at our option in the aggregate and further provided the CA Borrowers with the right, subject to customary conditions, to request an additional incremental term loan in the aggregate principal amount of up to $30.0 million; provided that the CA Lenders elect to fund such incremental term loan. $30.0 million of loan principal was funded at the initial closing (the "Term Loan") and we had the option, during the six-month period following the initial closing, to draw down an additional $5.0 million, which we did not elect to do. The loans required scheduled amortization payments of 1.0% of the principal amount outstanding under the CA Credit Agreement per month commencing in May 2023, and the remaining principal balance was due in full on January 24, 2026, subject to extension to January 24, 2028 under certain circumstances.
The CA Credit Agreement provided the CA Borrowers with the right, subject to specified limitations, to incur (a) seller provided debt in connection with future acquisitions, (b) additional mortgage financing from third-party lenders secured by real estate currently owned and acquired after the closing date, and (c) additional debt in connection with equipment leasing transactions.
The obligations under the CA Credit Agreement were secured by substantially all of the assets of the CA Borrowers, excluding specified parcels of real estate and other customary exclusions.
The CA Credit Agreement provided for a floating annual interest rate equal to the prime rate then in effect plus 5.75%, which rate could be increased by 3.00% upon an event of default or 7.50% upon a material event of default as provided in the Credit Agreement.
At any time, we could voluntarily prepay amounts due under the facility in $5.0 million increments, subject to a three-percent prepayment premium and, during the first 20-months of the term, a “make-whole” payment.
The CA Credit Agreement included customary representations and warranties and customary events of default, including, without limitation, payment defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to material indebtedness, and events of bankruptcy and insolvency.
The CA Credit Agreement also included customary negative covenants limiting our ability to incur additional indebtedness and grant liens that are otherwise not permitted, among others. Additionally, the CA Credit Agreement required us to meet certain financial tests. We were in compliance with the CA Credit Agreement covenants at all times while the Term Loan was outstanding.
The CA Credit Agreement provided for 30% warrant coverage against amounts funded under the facility, priced at a 20% premium to the trailing 20-day average price on the closing date of each such funding. At the initial closing, upon funding of the initial $30.0 million under the facility, we issued to the CA Lenders warrants to purchase an aggregate of 19,148,936 shares of our common stock at $0.47 per share, exercisable for a five-year period following issuance.
On November 16, 2023 (the "Payoff Date"), we repaid and retired the Term Loan (the "Term Loan Payoff") using proceeds from a new $58.7 million loan entered into on the same day (described below). The Term Loan Payoff amount totaled $32.7 million, comprised of $28.5 million for the outstanding principal, $3.7 million for the make-whole payment, $0.2 million for accrued unpaid interest and $0.3 million for transaction-related fees. We recognized a loss of $10.2 million in connection with the Term Loan Payoff.
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CREM Loan
On November 16, 2023, Mari Holdings MD LLC, Hartwell Realty Holdings LLC, Kind Therapeutics USA, LLC, ARL Healthcare Inc., and MariMed Advisors, Inc., each a wholly-owned direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company (collectively, the "CREM Borrowers") entered into a Loan Agreement (the "CREM Loan Agreement"), by and among the CREM Borrowers, and Needham Bank, a Massachusetts co-operative bank (the "CREM Lender") pursuant to which the CREM Lender loaned to the CREM Borrowers an aggregate principal amount of $58.7 million (the "CREM Loan Transaction"). The Company has fully guaranteed the obligations of the CREM Borrowers under the CREM Loan Transaction and pledged to the CREM Lender its equity ownership in each CREM Borrower. The CREM Lender has a first priority security interest in all of the CREM Borrowers' operating assets in Maryland and Massachusetts and first priority mortgages on the CREM Borrowers' properties owned in Maryland and Massachusetts.
The CREM Loan Transaction matures in ten years and has an interest rate for the initial five years of 8.43% per annum. The interest rate will reset after five years to the FHLB Rate (the Classic Advance Rate for Fixed Rate advances for a period of five years for an amount greater than or equal to the loan amount, as such rate is defined and published by the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston), plus 3.50%. We will make interest-only payments for the first twelve months of the term of the loan, with payments thereafter based upon a twenty-year amortization schedule.
The CREM Lender initially released $52.8 million to the CREM Borrowers (the "Initial CREM Distribution"). The remaining proceeds of $5.9 million will be held in escrow to complete the expansion of our Hagerstown, Maryland cultivation facility (the "Hagerstown Facility"). Any unused proceeds will be released to us after completion of the Hagerstown Facility expansion. We used $46.8 million of the Initial CREM Distribution to fully repay certain of our outstanding debt. These payments were comprised of $32.7 million to repay the Term Loan, $11.9 million to repay the mortgage with Bank of New England for our New Bedford, MA and Middleborough, MA properties (the "BNE Mortgage"), and $2.2 million to reduce the outstanding balance of the note we issued in connection with the Ermont Acquisition. Concurrent with the repayment of the BNE Mortgage, we refinanced these properties through the CREM Loan and accordingly, effective November 16, 2023, the mortgage on these properties is held by Needham Bank, which mortgage matures in 2033 and which outstanding amount is included as a component of the CREM Loan amount in our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023.
The CREM Loan Agreement includes customary representations and warranties and customary events of default, including, without limitation, payment defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to material indebtedness, and events of bankruptcy and insolvency. The CREM Loan Agreement also includes customary negative covenants limiting the CREM Borrowers' (but not the Company's) ability to incur additional indebtedness and grant liens that are otherwise not permitted, among others. The CREM Loan Agreement also requires the CREM Borrowers to meet certain periodic financial tests.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Our primary sources of cash from operating activities are from sales to customers in our dispensaries and to our wholesale customers. We expect cash flows from operating activities to be affected by increases and decreases in sales volumes and timing of collections, and by purchases of inventory and shipment of our products. Our primary uses of cash for operating activities are for personnel costs, purchases of packaging and other materials required for the production and sale of our products, and income taxes.
Our operating activities provided $7.9 million and $7.3 million of cash in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change in cash from operating activities in 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily attributable to $6.4 million of cash used to pay income taxes in the current year period, compared to $14.6 million in the same prior year period, coupled with higher expenses arising from expanding our sales activities, facilities and geographic footprint, both in the states where we currently operate and to expand into other states.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Our investing activities used $26.0 million and $26.2 million of cash in 2023 and 2022, respectively. We used $20.1 million of cash for purchases of property and equipment in 2023, compared to $12.1 million in 2022. This increase is primarily due to our expansion activities, resulting in the buildout of certain facilities to add cultivation and processing functionality and capacity. We used $3.0 million of cash for purchase consideration in connection with the Ermont
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Acquisition in March 2023, and an aggregate of $12.8 million for cash consideration in connection with the Kind Acquisition and Green Growth Acquisition in April 2022 and May 2022, respectively.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Our financing activities provided $23.0 million of cash in 2023 and used $1.0 million of cash in 2022.
In 2023, we received proceeds of $29.1 million from the CA Credit Agreement, of which we used $5.5 million to repay in full the notes previously issued to the sellers of Kind as part of the purchase consideration for the Kind Acquisition. We received $53.6 million from the CREM Loan, of which we used $46.8 million in the aggregate to repay and retire the CA Credit Agreement and our mortgage with Bank of New England for our Massachusetts facilities in New Bedford and Middleborough, including prepayment penalties, and reduce the balance on our notes payable in connection with the Ermont Acquisition. Concurrent with the repayment to Bank of New England, we refinanced these properties through the CREM Loan.
In 2022, we paid $2.0 million of cash to redeem the outstanding minority interests in one of our majority-owned real estate subsidiaries, made $1.5 million of aggregate principal payments on our outstanding mortgages and notes payable, and made distribution payments and finance lease principal payments aggregating $0.5 million. These amounts were partially offset by $3.0 million of proceeds from a new mortgage on one of our facilities in Illinois.
Based on our current expectations, we believe our current cash and future funding opportunities will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months. The rate at which we consume cash is dependent on the cash needs of our future operations, including our contractual obligations at December 31, 2023, and our ability to raise additional cash through financing activities. Our contractual obligations at December 31, 2023 were primarily comprised of our outstanding CREM Loan, mortgages and promissory notes, as well as our operating leases. Our CREM Loan, mortgage and promissory note obligations totaled approximately $66 million at December 31, 2023.
Non-GAAP Measurement
In addition to the financial information reflected in this report, which is prepared in accordance with GAAP, we are providing a non-GAAP financial measurement of profitability – Adjusted EBITDA – as a supplement to the preceding discussion of our financial results.
Our management defines Adjusted EBITDA as income from operations, determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding the following:
•depreciation and amortization of property and equipment;
•amortization of acquired intangible assets;
•impairments or write-downs of acquired intangible assets;
•stock-based compensation;
•acquisition-related and other;
•legal settlements; and
•acquisition-related and other.
Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure to assess our performance and liquidity, as it provides meaningful operating results by excluding the effects of expenses that are not reflective of our operating business performance. In addition, our management uses Adjusted EBITDA to understand and compare operating results across accounting periods, and for financial and operational decision-making. The presentation of Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Management believes that investors and analysts benefit from considering Adjusted EBITDA in assessing our financial results and our ongoing business, as it allows for meaningful comparisons and analysis of trends in the business. Adjusted EBITDA is used by many investors and analysts themselves, along with other metrics, to compare financial results across accounting periods and to those of peer companies.
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As there are no standardized methods of calculating non-GAAP measurements, our calculations may differ from those used by analysts, investors, and other companies, even those within the cannabis industry, and therefore may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures used by others.
Reconciliation of Income from Operations to Adjusted EBITDA (a Non-GAAP Measurement)
The table below reconciles Income from operations to Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
Year ended December 31,
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment 5,549 3,432
Amortization of acquired intangible assets 3,025 1,282
Acquisition-related and other 695 961
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue, or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Inflation
In the opinion of management, inflation has impacted the Company through increased costs of ingredients, nutrients and packaging. The Company recently negotiated with certain of our suppliers to reduce our costs for future purchases of ingredients, nutrients and packaging, all of which have increased significantly as a result of current economic conditions.
Seasonality
In the opinion of management, the Company’s financial condition and results of its operations are not materially impacted by seasonal sales.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has reviewed all other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company is a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Regulation S-K and, as such, is not required to provide the information contained in this item pursuant to Regulation S-K.
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
CONTENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 2738) 34
Consolidated Balance Sheets 36
Consolidated Statements of Operations 38
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 39
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 40
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements 41
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of MariMed Inc.
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MariMed Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Inventory
As discussed in the notes to the financial statements, the Company allocates a certain percentage of overhead cost to its manufactured inventory.
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Auditing management’s allocation of overhead involves significant judgements and estimates to determine the proper allocation.
To evaluate the appropriateness of the allocation of overhead to inventory, we evaluated management’s significant judgments and estimates in what parts of overhead should be included and the allocation of these costs.
/s/ M&K CPAS, PLLC
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
The Woodlands, TX
March 7, 2024
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MariMed Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
December 31,
Assets
Current assets:
Deferred rents receivable 630 704
Notes receivable, current portion 52 2,637
Investments, current portion 88 123
Due from related parties 105 29
Investments, net of current portion 221 —
Notes receivable, net of current portion 814 7,467
Operating lease right-of-use assets 9,716 4,931
Finance lease right-of-use assets 3,295 713
Liabilities, mezzanine equity and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Mortgages and notes payable, current portion $ 723 $ 3,774
Operating lease liabilities, current portion 1,945 1,273
Finance lease liabilities, current portion 1,210 237
Mortgages and notes payable, net of current portion 65,652 25,943
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 8,455 4,173
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion 2,140 461
Commitments and contingencies
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December 31,
Mezzanine equity:
Stockholders’ equity:
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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MariMed Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended December 31,
Operating expenses:
Acquisition-related and other 695 961
Interest and other (expense) income:
Loss on extinguishment of debt (10,431) —
Total interest and other expense, net (20,981) (861)
(Loss) income before income taxes (6,596) 19,508
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 24 146
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders $ (16,031) $ 13,468
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders:
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MariMed Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share amounts)
Shares Par Value Shares Amount
Release of shares under stock grants 402,203 — — — — — — —
Exercise of stock options 55,000 — — — 10 — — 10
Cashless exercise of stock options 200,000 — — — — — — —
Cashless exercise of warrants 317,298 — — — — — — —
Forfeiture of restricted shares (32,609) — — — — — — —
Conversion of promissory notes to common stock 1,142,858 1 — — 399 — — 400
Common stock issued to settle obligations 375,000 — — — 275 — — 275
Common stock issued under licensing agreement 218,345 — — — 121 — — 121
Common stock issued to purchase property and equipment 422,535 1 — — 299 — — 300
Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (259) (259)
Common stock subscribed but not issued — — 5,025 2 — — — 2
Release of shares under stock grants 599,999 1 — — (1) — — —
Warrants issued in connection with debt — — — — 5,454 — — 5,454
Common stock issued to settle obligations 400,000 — — — 160 — — 160
Common stock issued under licensing agreement 13,007 — — — 5 — — 5
Common stock issued to purchase property and equipment 740,741 1 — — 299 — — 300
Distributions to noncontrolling interests — — — — — — (158) (158)
Stock-based compensation — — — — 1,020 — — 1,020
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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MariMed Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders $ (16,031) $ 13,468
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 24 146
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment 5,549 3,432
Amortization of intangible assets 3,025 1,282
Amortization of original debt issuance discount 232 —
Amortization of debt discount 2,851 —
Payment-in-kind interest 366 —
Present value adjustment of notes payable — —
Obligations settled with common stock 465 696
Write-off of disposed assets 906 —
Gain on finance lease adjustment (31) —
Write-down of prepaid purchase consideration 200 —
Loss on extinguishment of debt 10,431 —
Loss on changes in fair value of investments 76 1,082
Other investment income — (954)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Deferred rents receivable 74 132
Accrued expenses and other (1,840) (482)
Net cash provided by operating activities 7,910 7,311
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment (20,130) (12,140)
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (2,987) (12,847)
Advances toward future business acquisitions (1,125) (800)
Purchases of investments (261) —
Purchases of cannabis licenses (626) (601)
Issuance of notes receivable (879) —
Proceeds from notes receivable 99 173
Due from related parties (76) (29)
Net cash used in investing activities (25,985) (26,244)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from term loan 29,100 —
Proceeds from mortgages — 3,000
Payment of third-party debt issuance costs in connection with debt (3,339) —
Principal payments of term loan (1,800) —
Payment of penalties on early retirement of debt (4,251) —
Principal payments of mortgages (585) (945)
Repayment and retirement of mortgages (12,595) —
Principal payments of promissory notes (2,370) (592)
Repayment and retirement of promissory notes (5,503) —
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 109 10
Principal payments of finance leases (702) (227)
Redemption of minority interests — (2,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 22,983 (1,013)
Net increase (decrease) to cash and cash equivalents 4,908 (19,946)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 9,737 29,683
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 14,645 $ 9,737
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Non-cash activities:
Trade receivables converted to notes receivable $ — $ 750
Common stock issued to purchase property and equipment $ 300 $ 300
Conversion of promissory notes to equity $ — $ 400
Entry into new operating leases $ 5,604 $ 661
Entry into new finance leases $ 3,235 $ 794
Common stock issued as purchase consideration $ 2,994 $ 2,212
Warrants to issue common stock issued with debt $ 5,454 $ —
Notes payable issued to purchase motor vehicles $ 158 $ —
Common stock issued to settle obligations $ 160 $ 275
Common stock issued under licensing agreement $ 5 $ 121
Issuance of common stock associated with subscriptions $ 41 $ —
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock $ 18,725 $ —
Conversion of notes receivable to omnibus long-lived asset $ 10,233 $ —
Liability recorded for building improvements $ 1,997 $ —
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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MariMed Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(1) NATURE OF THE BUSINESS
MariMed Inc. (the “Company” or "MariMed") is a multi-state operator in the United States cannabis industry. MariMed develops, operates, manages and optimizes state-of-the-art, regulatory-compliant facilities for the cultivation, production and dispensing of medical and adult-use cannabis. MariMed also licenses its proprietary brands of cannabis products along with other top brands in domestic markets.
(2) BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
On March 9, 2023 (the "Ermont Acquisition Date"), the Company acquired the operating assets of Ermont, Inc. ("Ermont"), a medical-licensed vertical cannabis operator located in Quincy, Massachusetts (the "Ermont Acquisition"). The financial results of Ermont are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements since the Ermont Acquisition Date.
On April 27, 2022 (the “Kind Acquisition Date”), the Company acquired Kind Therapeutics USA (“Kind”), the Company's former client in Maryland that holds licenses for the cultivation, production, and dispensing of medical cannabis (the “Kind Acquisition”). The financial results of Kind are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the periods subsequent to the Kind Acquisition Date.
The Company completed two acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2022 that it recorded as asset purchases. On May 5, 2022 (the "Green Growth Acquisition Date"), the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity ownership of Green Growth Group Inc. (“Green Growth”), an entity that holds a craft cultivation and production cannabis license in the state of Illinois (the “Green Growth Acquisition”). On December 30, 2022 (the "Greenhouse Naturals Acquisition Date"), the Company completed an asset purchase under which it acquired the cannabis license and assumed a property lease for a dispensary in Beverly, Massachusetts that had never been operational (the "Greenhouse Naturals Acquisition").
Certain reclassifications, not affecting previously reported net income or cash flows, have been made to the previously issued financial statements to conform to the current period presentation.
Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MariMed Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
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Subsidiary PercentageOwned
MariMed Advisors Inc. 100.0 %
Mia Development LLC 94.3 %
Mari Holdings IL LLC 100.0 %
Mari Holdings MD LLC 100.0 %
Mari Holdings NJ LLC 100.0 %
Mari Holdings Metropolis LLC 70.0 %
Mari Holdings Mt. Vernon LLC 100.0 %
Hartwell Realty Holdings LLC 100.0 %
Kind Therapeutics USA LLC 100.0 %
ARL Healthcare Inc. 100.0 %
KPG of Anna LLC 100.0 %
KPG of Harrisburg LLC 100.0 %
MariMed OH LLC 100.0 %
MariMed Hemp Inc. 100.0 %
MediTaurus LLC 100.0 %
Green Growth Group Inc. 100.0 %
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent third-party minority ownership of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is shown in the consolidated statements of operations and the value of net assets owned by noncontrolling interests are presented as a component of equity within the balance sheets.
Use of Estimates and Judgments
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reporting amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and judgments relied upon in preparing these consolidated financial statements include accounting for business combinations, inventory valuations, assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock-based compensation, and intangible assets and goodwill. The Company regularly assesses these estimates and records change in estimates in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates or assumptions.
Business Combinations
The Company recognizes identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the date of acquisition. Goodwill is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed and represents the expected future economic benefits arising from other assets acquire in the business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions as part of the purchase price allocation process to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, its estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with a corresponding offset to goodwill to the extent that it identifies adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations.
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Asset Purchases
The Company accounts for an acquisitive transaction determined to be an asset purchase based on the cost accumulation and allocation method, under which the costs to purchase the asset or set of assets are allocated to the assets acquired. No goodwill is recorded in connection with an asset purchase.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The fair values of these investments approximate their carrying values.
At each of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $0.1 million of cash held in escrow.
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are maintained with recognized financial institutions located in the United States. In the normal course of business, the Company may carry balances with certain financial institutions that exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced losses on balances in excess of such limits and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks in that regard.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values and include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deferred rents receivable, notes receivable, investments, term loan, mortgages and notes payable, and accounts payable.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participant would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
•Level 1. Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2. Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace, such as quoted price for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted price for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets).
•Level 3. Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables, and are carried at their estimated collectible amounts.
The Company provides credit to its clients in the form of payment terms. The Company limits its credit risk by performing credit evaluations of its clients and maintaining a reserve, if deemed necessary, for potential credit losses. Such evaluations include the review of a client’s outstanding balances with consideration towards such client’s historical collection experience, as well as prevailing economic and market conditions and other factors. Based on such evaluations, the Company maintained reserves of $0.8 million and $4.6 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Inventory
Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with the cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company allocates a certain percentage of overhead cost to its manufactured inventory; such allocation is based on square footage and other industry-standard criteria. The Company reviews physical inventory for obsolescence and/or excess and will record a reserve if necessary. As of the date of this report, no reserve was deemed necessary.
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Investments
Investments are comprised of equity holdings of public companies. These investments are recorded at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, with changes to fair value included in income. Investments are evaluated for permanent impairment and are written down if such impairments are deemed to have occurred.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contract with Customers ("ASC 606"), as amended by subsequently issued Accounting Standards Updates. ASC 606 requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The recognition of revenue is determined by performing the following consecutive steps:
•identify the contract(s) with a customer;
•identify the performance obligations in the contract(s);
•determine the transaction price;
•allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s); and
•recognize revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied.
Additionally, when another party is involved in providing goods or services to the Company’s clients, a determination is made as to who—the Company or the other party—is acting in the capacity as the principal in the sale transaction, and who is merely the agent arranging for goods or services to be provided by the other party.
The Company is typically considered the principal if it controls the specified good or service before such good or service is transferred to its client. The Company may also be deemed to be the principal even if it engages another party (an agent) to satisfy some of the performance obligations on its behalf, provided the Company (i) takes on certain responsibilities, obligations and risks, (ii) possesses certain abilities and discretion, or (iii) other relevant indicators of the sale. If deemed an agent, the Company would not recognize revenue for the performance obligations it does not satisfy.
The Company’s main sources of revenue are comprised of the following:
•Product sales (retail and wholesale) – direct sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products by the Company’s retail dispensaries and wholesale operations. This revenue is recognized when products are delivered or at retail points-of-sale.
•Real estate rental income – rental income generated from leasing of the Company’s state-of-the-art, regulatory-compliant cannabis facilities to its cannabis-licensed clients. Rental income is generally a fixed amount per month that escalates over the respective lease terms. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, the Company charged additional rental fees based on a percentage of tenant revenue that exceeded specific amounts; these incremental rental fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with the Company's client.
•Supply procurement – resale of cultivation and production resources, supplies and equipment that the Company has acquired from top national vendors at discounted prices to its client and third parties within the cannabis industry. The Company recognizes this revenue after the delivery and acceptance of goods by the purchaser.
•Management fees – fees for providing the Company’s cannabis clients with comprehensive oversight of their cannabis cultivation, production and dispensary operations. Prior to the third quarter of 2022, these fees were based on a percentage of such clients’ revenue and are recognized after services have been performed; these fees were eliminated in connection with new contract negotiations with the Company's client.
•Licensing fees – revenue from the licensing of the Company's branded products, including Betty's Eddies, Bubby's Baked, Vibations and Kalm Fusion, to wholesalers and to regulated dispensaries throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. The Company recognizes this revenue when the products are delivered.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
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Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, with depreciation recognized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, if applicable. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense in the period incurred. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are generally as follows: buildings and building improvements, thirty-nine to forty years; tenant improvements, the lesser of the remaining duration of the related lease or the asset useful life; furniture and fixtures, seven to ten years; machinery and equipment, seven to ten years. Land is not depreciated.
Software development costs associated with internal use software are incurred in three stages of development: the preliminary project stage, the application development stage and the post-implementation stage. Costs incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages are expensed as incurred. Certain qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized as property and equipment. Internal use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of five to seven years, beginning when the software is ready for its intended use.
The Company’s property and equipment are individually reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable from the undiscounted future cash flows of such asset over the anticipated holding period. An impairment loss is measured by the excess of the asset’s carrying amount over its estimated fair value. Impairment analyses are based on management’s current plans, asset holding periods, and currently available market information. If these criteria change, the Company’s evaluation of impairment losses may be different and could have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, based on the results of management’s impairment analyses, there were no impairment losses.
Intangible Assets and Goodwill
The Company's intangible assets are comprised of trade names and trademarks, license and customer and non-compete agreements. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable based upon the estimated undiscounted cash flows. Recoverability of intangible assets with estimated lives and other long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If these comparisons indicate that an asset is not recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds the related estimated fair value. Estimated fair value is based on either discounted future operating cash flows or appraised values, depending on the nature of the asset. The Company amortizes its intangible assets over their respective useful lives. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no impairment of goodwill.
Leases
Arrangements that are determined to be leases with a term greater than one year are accounted for by the recognition of right-of-use assets that represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities that represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Non-lease components within lease agreements are accounted for separately.
Right-of-use assets and obligations are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, utilizing the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of its fixed assets and other assets in accordance with ASC 360-10-15, Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Impairment of long-lived assets is recognized when the net book value of
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such assets exceeds their expected cash flows, in which case the assets are written down to fair value, which is determined based on discounted future cash flows or appraised values.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company's stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which generally corresponds with the vesting period. The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of stock options on the date of grant. The fair value of stock option and warrant issuances is affected by the Company's stock price on the issuance date as well as valuation assumptions, including the volatility of the Company's common stock price, expected term of the option, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.
The expected life of an instrument is calculated using the simplified method, which allows for using the mid-point between the vesting date and expiration date. The volatility factors are based on the historical two-year movement of the Company’s common stock prior to an instrument’s issuance date. The risk-free interest rate is based on United States Treasury rates with maturity periods similar to the expected instruments life on the issuance date.
The Company amortizes the fair value of option, warrant issuances and restricted stock units on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of each instrument.
Extinguishment of Liabilities
The Company accounts for extinguishment of liabilities in accordance with ASC 405-20, Extinguishments of Liabilities. When the conditions for extinguishment are met, the liabilities are written down to zero and a gain or loss is recognized.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the future tax consequences of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities, measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.
ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. The Company recognizes in the financial statements the benefit of a tax position which is "more likely than not" to be sustained under examination based solely on the technical merits of the position, assuming a review by tax authorities having all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the recognition threshold are measured using a cumulative probability approach, at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as a component of income tax expense.
Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, due to their cannabis activities, are subject to the provisions of Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which prohibits businesses from deducting certain expenses associated with the trafficking of controlled substances within the meaning of Schedule I and II of the Controlled Substances Act. Such non-deductibility of certain ordinary business expenses results in permanent differences and can cause the Company’s effective tax rate to be highly variable and not necessarily correlated with pre-tax income.
Related Party Transactions
The Company follows ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. In accordance with ASC 850, the Company’s financial statements include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business, as well as transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of financial statements.
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Comprehensive Income
The Company reports comprehensive income and its components following guidance set forth by ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, which establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in the consolidated financial statements. There were no items of comprehensive income applicable to the Company during the periods covered in the financial statements.
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company regularly assesses the likelihood that a loss will be incurred from the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events. Such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing possible loss contingencies from legal proceedings or unasserted claims, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of such proceedings or claims, and of the relief sought or expected to be sought.
If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss will be incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed. Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed.
While not assured, management does not believe, based upon information available at this time, that any loss contingency will have material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Risk and Uncertainties
The Company is subject to risks common to companies operating within the legal and medical cannabis industries, including, but not limited to, federal laws, government regulations and jurisdictional laws.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.
(3) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND ASSET PURCHASES
Business Combinations
Ermont
On March 9, 2023, following approval by the Massachusetts Cannabis Control Commission (the "CCC"), the Company acquired the operating assets of Ermont, a medical-licensed vertical cannabis operator located in Quincy, Massachusetts. The Ermont Acquisition provided the Company with its third dispensary in Massachusetts, substantially completing its build-out to the maximum allowable by state regulations.
As consideration for the Ermont Acquisition, which totaled $13.0 million, the Company paid $3.0 million of cash, issued 6,580,390 shares of the Company's common stock with a fair value of $3.0 million, and issued a $7.0 million promissory note (the "Ermont Note" and collectively, the "Ermont Consideration"). The Ermont Note has a six-year term and bears interest at 6.0% per annum, with payments of interest-only for two years and thereafter, quarterly payments of principal and interest in arrears. The outstanding balance on the Ermont Note is subject to prepayment in the event the Company raises $75.0 million of equity capital. The Company recorded the Ermont Note at the present value o $4.6 million as of the Ermont Acquisition date. The difference between the resent value and face value of the Ermont Note is being amortized to interest expense through the term of such note.
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The Company rebranded the dispensary as Panacea Wellness Dispensary and commenced medical sales immediately after the Ermont Acquisition Date. The Ermont Acquisition also includes a Host Community Agreement with the city of Quincy to conduct adult-use cannabis sales. The Company expects to commence adult-use sales upon approval by the CCC. The Company also plans to expand the existing medical dispensary to accommodate expected increased traffic associated with adult-use sales and to repurpose Ermont's existing cultivation facility for its pheno-hunting activities. The Company has moved its pheno-hunting activities out of the New Bedford facility to use the freed space to cultivate its Nature's Heritage flower.
The Company's consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 includes $3.8 million of revenue and $2.4 million of net loss attributable to Ermont for the period since the Ermont Acquisition Date.
The Ermont Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The Company did not assume any of Ermont's liabilities. A summary of the allocation of the Ermont Consideration to the acquired and identifiable intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Cash consideration:
Less cash acquired (13)
Net cash consideration 2,987
Promissory note 4,569
Total fair value of consideration $ 10,550
Fair value of assets acquired:
Property and equipment $ 800
Intangible assets:
Tradename and trademarks 1,063
Fair value of net assets acquired $ 10,550
The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets arising from the Ermont Acquisition in relation to the expected cash flows from the individual intangible assets over their respective useful lives, which have a weighted average life of 10.71 years (see Note 11). Goodwill results from assets not separately identifiable as part of the transaction and is not deductible for tax purposes.
The following unaudited pro forma information presents the condensed combined results of MariMed and Ermont for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 as if the Ermont Acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2022, with adjustments to give effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the Ermont Acquisition. These pro forma adjustments include amortization expense for the acquired intangible assets and interest expense related to the Ermont Note. Pro forma adjustments also include the elimination of acquisition-related and other expense directly attributable to the Ermont Acquisition from the year ended December 31, 2023 and inclusion of these expenses in the previous year.
The unaudited pro forma results do not reflect any operating efficiencies or potential cost savings that may result from the consolidation of the operations of MariMed and Ermont. Accordingly, these unaudited pro forma results are presented for illustrative purposes and are not intended to represent or be indicative of the actual results of operations of the combined company that would have been achieved had the Ermont Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2022, nor are they intended to represent or be indicative of future results of operations. These unaudited pro forma results for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (in thousands):
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Year ended December 31,
(unaudited)
Kind
In December 2021, the Company entered into a membership interest purchase agreement with the members of Kind (the "Kind Sellers") to acquire 100% of the equity ownership of Kind. Kind was the Company's client in Maryland that held licenses for the cultivation, production, and dispensing of medical cannabis. Upon execution of the membership interest purchase agreement, the Company deposited $5.0 million into escrow as a contract down payment. In April 2022, the Maryland Medical Cannabis Commission approved the Company’s acquisition of Kind, and the acquisition was completed on the Kind Acquisition Date (the “Kind Acquisition”). As consideration for Kind, the Company paid the Kind Sellers $13.1 million, which amount was reduced by $2.3 million of cash acquired (together, the "Kind Cash Consideration"), and issued four-year6.0% promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $6.5 million to the Kind Sellers, secured by a first priority lien on the Company’s property in Hagerstown, MD (the "Kind Notes" and, together with the "Kind Cash Consideration, the "Kind Consideration"). The Kind Acquisition has allowed the Company to expand its operations into the Maryland cannabis industry and marketplace.
The Kind Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the financial results of Kind have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the period subsequent to the Kind Acquisition Date. The Company’s financial results for the year ended December 31, 2022 include $8.1 million of revenue and a net loss of $1.5 million attributable to Kind. A summary of the allocation of Kind Consideration to the acquired assets, identifiable intangible assets and certain assumed liabilities is as follows (in thousands):
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Cash consideration:
Cash paid at closing $ 10,128
Release of escrow 2,444
Severance paid from escrow 556
Less cash acquired (2,310)
Net cash consideration 10,818
Write-off of accounts receivable 658
Write-off of deferred accounts receivable 842
Total fair value of consideration transferred $ 17,952
Fair value of assets acquired and (liabilities assumed):
Current assets, net of cash acquired $ 5,047
Property and equipment 622
Intangible assets:
Trade name and trademarks 2,041
Licenses and customer base 4,700
Non-compete agreements 42
Current liabilities (511)
Fair value of net assets acquired $ 17,952
The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets in relation to the expected cash flows from the individual intangible assets over their respective useful lives, which have a weighted average life of 5.77 years (see Note 11). Goodwill resulted from assets that were not separately identifiable as part of the transaction and was not deductible for tax purposes.
Concurrent with entering into the Kind membership purchase agreement, the Company entered into a membership interest purchase agreement with one of the members of Kind to acquire such member’s entire equity ownership interest in (i) Mari
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Holdings MD LLC (“Mari-MD”), the Company’s majority-owned subsidiary that owns production and retail cannabis facilities in Hagerstown, MD and Annapolis, MD, and (ii) Mia Development LLC (“Mia”), the Company’s majority-owned subsidiary that owns production and retail cannabis facilities in Wilmington, DE. Upon the dismissal in September 2022 of the derivative claims in the DiPietro lawsuit (Note 21), the Company paid the aggregate purchase consideration of $2.0 million, and the transaction was completed, increasing the Company’s ownership of Mari-MD and Mia to 99.7% and 94.3%, respectively.
The following unaudited pro forma information presents the condensed combined results of MariMed and Kind for the year ended December 31, 2022 as if the Kind Acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2021, with adjustments to give effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the Kind Acquisition. These pro forma adjustments include the reversal of MariMed revenue and related cost of sales derived from Kind prior to the Kind Acquisition Date, amortization expense for the acquired intangible assets, depreciation expense for property and equipment acquired by MariMed as part of the Kind Acquisition, and interest expense related to the Kind Notes. Pro forma adjustments also include the elimination of acquisition-related and other expense directly attributable to the Kind Acquisition from the year ended December 31, 2022 and inclusion of these expenses in the previous year.
The unaudited pro forma results do not reflect any operating efficiencies or potential cost savings that may result from the consolidation of the operations of MariMed and Kind. Accordingly, these unaudited pro forma results are presented for illustrative purposes and are not intended to represent or be indicative of the actual results of operations of the combined company that would have been achieved had the Kind Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2021, nor are they intended to represent or be indicative of future results of operations. These unaudited pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):
(unaudited)
Valuation of Acquired Intangible Assets
The valuation of the acquired intangible assets is inherently subjective and relies on significant unobservable inputs. The Company used an income approach to value the acquired trade name/trademarks, licenses/customer base, and non-compete intangible assets. The valuation for each of these intangible assets was based on estimated projections of expected cash flows to be generated by the assets discounted to the present value at discount rates commensurate with perceived risk. The valuation assumptions take into consideration the Company’s estimates of new markets, products and customers and its outcome through key assumptions driving asset values, including sales growth, royalty rates and other related costs.
Asset Purchases
Green Growth Group Inc.
In January 2022, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the equity ownership of Green Growth Group Inc. (“Green Growth”), an entity that holds a craft cultivation and production cannabis license issued by the Illinois Department of Agriculture, in exchange for cash consideration of $1.9 million and shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $1.5 million. Concurrently, the Company made a good faith deposit of $0.1 million.
In April 2022, the Illinois Department of Agriculture approved the Company’s acquisition of Green Growth, and the purchase transaction (the “Green Growth Acquisition”) was completed on May 5, 2022 (the “Green Growth Acquisition Date”). The Company paid the remaining $1.8 million in cash and issued 2,343,750 shares of MariMed common stock to the sellers on the Green Growth Acquisition Date. With this license, the Company can cultivate up to 14,000 square feet of cannabis flowers and produce cannabis concentrates. The acquisition of this cannabis license allows the Company to be vertically integrated in Illinois by growing cannabis and producing cannabis products that can be distributed and sold at the Company-owned Thrive dispensaries and sold into the robust Illinois wholesale cannabis marketplace. The Company has allocated the purchase price to its licenses/customer base intangible asset.
Greenhouse Naturals LLC
In November 2021, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement with Greenhouse Naturals LLC (the "Greenhouse Naturals Sellers") to acquire the cannabis license and assume the property lease associated with a cannabis
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dispensary in Beverly, MA. The purchase price was comprised of 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock payable at closing and $5.1 million in cash, with $5.0 million of the cash amount payable post-closing on a monthly basis as a percentage of the dispensary's monthly gross sales.
The Greenhouse Naturals Acquisition was completed on December 30, 2022, upon the Company's payment of $0.1 million of cash and issuance of 2,000,000 shares of its common stock, with a fair value of $0.7 million, to the Greenhouse Naturals Sellers. The Company issued a note to the Greenhouse Naturals Sellers for the remaining $5.0 million of the cash purchase price (the "Greenhouse Naturals Note"), and has recorded it at the present value of $4.3 million. The difference between the face value of the Greenhouse Naturals Note and the value recorded is being amortized to interest expense over the term of such note. The final inspection by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts was completed in April 2023, and the Company opened the dispensary on April 25, 2023. The Company has allocated the purchase price to a licenses/customer base intangible asset, with an estimated useful life of 10 years.
Pending Acquisitions
Allgreens Dispensary, LLC ("Allgreens")
In August 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase 100% of the membership interests in Allgreens Dispensary, LLC (the "Allgreens Agreement"), a conditional adult-use cannabis dispensary license in Illinois, for $2.25 million of cash and $1.0 million of promissory notes which the Company will issue to the Allgreens members at the time of closing (the "Allgreens Notes"). Completion of the acquisition is dependent upon certain conditions, including resolution of any remaining legal challenges affecting nearly 200 social equity dispensary licenses, and regulatory approval of the acquisition. If the closing conditions are met and the acquisition is completed, which the Company expects to occur in 2024, the Company will have five adult-use dispensaries operating in Illinois. For the interim period until the acquisition is completed, the Company has entered into a management agreement with Allgreens, under which the management fees are calculated as a percentage of Allgreens' revenue. In connection with this agreement, the Company recorded expenses related to Allgreens aggregating approximately $164,000 in the year ended December 31, 2023 as a component of Investments, net of current portion in the Company's consolidated balance sheet (see Note 9).
Pursuant to the Allgreens Agreement, as of December 31, 2023, the Company had made payments aggregating $1.375 million to the Allgreens members, with additional cash payments aggregating $0.875 million to be made as specific milestones as defined in the Allgreens Agreement are reached. The Allgreens Notes will mature one year from the date the dispensary is permitted to commence operations.
Robust Missouri Process and Manufacturing 1, LLC ("Robust")
In September 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire 100% of the membership interests in Robust Missouri Processing and Manufacturing 1, LLC (the "Robust Agreement"), a Missouri wholesaler and processor, for $0.7 million of cash. Completion of the acquisition is dependent upon obtaining all requisite approvals from the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, which is expected to occur in 2024. Under the Robust Agreement, the Company made an initial advance payment of $350,000 to the Robust members, with an additional payment of $350,000 to be made at closing.
Cancelled Acquisition
The Harvest Foundation LLC
In 2019, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the ownership interests of The Harvest Foundation LLC (“Harvest”), the Company’s cannabis-licensed client in the State of Nevada. The purchase price was comprised of the issuance of 1,000,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate, to two owners of Harvest as a good faith deposit, which were issued upon execution of the purchase agreement (the "Deposit Shares"). The Company recorded the Deposit Shares at par value at the time of issuance, since the transaction had not yet been consummated. In addition, $1.2 million of the Company’s common stock would be issued at closing and warrants to purchase 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an exercise price equal to the closing price of the Company’s common stock, would be granted on the day prior to legislative approval of the transaction.
The acquisition was conditioned upon state regulatory approval of the transaction and other closing conditions. Upon approval, and the fulfillment of other closing conditions, the ownership of Harvest would be transferred to the Company.
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There was no assurance that the closing conditions to the Company’s acquisition of Harvest, including regulatory approval, would be achieved or that the acquisition would be consummated.
The regulatory approval process for license transfers in Nevada experienced significant delays as a result of multiple factors, including the impact of COVID. Additionally, the progress of this potential acquisition had been delayed as a result of actions taken by the Nevada Cannabis Control Board (the "CCB") relating to regulatory operating violations by Harvest. Harvest was unable to negotiate a settlement with the CCB to resolve these violations, which would have allowed it to proceed with the sale. In October 2022, the CCB issued an order approving the placement of a receiver to oversee Harvest and its licenses. The Company monitored the status of these regulatory matters, and ultimately determined that it should withdraw from the agreement to purchase Harvest, and submitted such request to the CCB. The CCB accepted the request by the Company, releasing the Company from the liabilities related to this cancelled transaction. In connection with the cancellation of this transaction, the Deposit Shares were returned to the Company in December 2023, and they were restored to the status of authorized but unissued shares of the Company's common stock. The return of the Deposit Shares was recorded at par value and is included as a component of stockholders' equity in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023.
(4) (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic (loss) earnings per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. For periods in which the Company reports net income, diluted earnings per share is determined by using the weighted average number of common and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period, unless the effect is antidilutive.
The calculations of shares used to compute net earnings per share were as follows (in thousands):
Year ended December 31,
Potential dilutive common shares — 42,592
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 363,403 380,289
(5) ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
Year ended December 31,
Allowance for doubtful accounts (764) (4,603)
The Company maintains an allowance against trade accounts receivable (the "AR Allowance"), and had previously also reserved against cash advanced by the Company to a cannabis-licensed client or working capital purposes (the "WC Reserve"), both of which were reported as components of the allowance for doubtful accounts in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts activity was as follows (in thousands):
The amount reported under "Charges (credits) to other accounts" for the year ended December 31, 2022 represents the elimination of the reserve for trade receivables from a former client of the Company's in connection with the purchase accounting when the Company acquired this client. Of the amount reported under "Write-offs" for the year ended December 31, 2022, $29.0 million represents the write-off of a fully reserved trade receivable from a related party in connection with that party's bankruptcy declaration.
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(6) DEFERRED RENTS RECEIVABLE
The Company is the lessor under operating leases which contain rent holidays, escalating rents over time, options to renew, requirements to pay property taxes, insurance and/or maintenance costs, and prior to the third quarter of 2022, contingent rental payments based on a percentage of monthly tenant revenue. The Company is not the lessor under any finance leases.
The Company recognizes fixed rental receipts from such lease agreements on a straight line basis over the expected lease term. Differences between amounts received and amounts recognized are recorded in Deferred rents receivable in the consolidated balance sheets. Contingent rentals are recognized only after tenants’ revenue is finalized and if such revenue exceeds certain minimum levels.
The Company currently leases a cannabis cultivation, processing and dispensary facility that it owns in Delaware to a cannabis-licensed client under a triple net lease that expires in 2035. Prior to the Kind Acquisition Date, the Company had leased a cultivation and processing facility that it owns in Maryland to Kind. The Company had also previously leased a portion of a third owned property in Massachusetts under a lease that expired in February 2023, after which the tenant continued to rent the space on a month-to-month basis through November 2023. The Company does not intend to lease this space again, as it plans to use this space to expand its cultivation footprint.
The Company currently subleases two properties - a cannabis production facility with offices under a sublease that expires in January 2026 and contains an option to negotiate an extension of the sublease term and a dispensary under a sublease that expires in April 2027. The Company also subleases a portion of a third property that it developed into a cultivation facility under a sublease that expires in March 2030, with an option to extend the term for three additional five-year periods. The Company intends to develop the remaining space of this property into a processing facility. These properties are all subleased to a cannabis-licensed client in Delaware.
The Company received rental payments aggregating $2.0 million and $3.0 million in the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company recognized rental revenue on a straight line basis totaling $1.5 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Future minimum rental receipts for non-cancellable leases and subleases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Year ending December 31,
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(7) NOTES RECEIVABLE
Notes receivable, including accrued interest, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, was comprised of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
First State Compassion Center ("FSCC Initial Note") $ — $ 328
First State Compassion Center ("FSCC Secondary Notes") — 8,160
First State Compassion Center ("FSCC New Note") — 750
Less: Notes receivable, current portion (52) (2,637)
Notes receivable, net of current $ 814 $ 7,467
First State Compassion Center
Omnibus Agreement
On July 1, 2023 (the "Omnibus Agreement Date"), the Company entered into an Omnibus Agreement with First State Compassion Center ("FSCC"), the Company's cannabis-licensed client in Delaware: (a) consolidating all amounts owed by FSCC to the Company and its affiliated entities as described below, aggregating $11.0 million (the "Omnibus Agreement"); (b) providing for the automatic conversion of all amounts owed by FSCC to the Company, upon the approval of adult cannabis use in Delaware, into 100% ownership of FSCC's licenses and business; and (c) extending to FSCC, in the Company's sole discretion, up to an additional $2.0 million of working capital loans. The Omnibus Agreement has a term of five years, with an automatic five-year extension if adult cannabis use is not approved in Delaware by the maturity date, and bears interest, compounded semiannually and payable annually, at the appropriate rate of interest in effect under Sections 1274(d), 482 and 7872 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, as calculated under Rev. Ruling 86-17, 1986-1 C.B. 377, for the period for which the amount of interest is being determined. The state of Delaware recently approved the adult use of cannabis, with the implementation period expected to extend through approximately November 2024. The Omnibus Agreement is reported as a component of Other assets in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023.
Notes Receivable From FSCC Prior to the Omnibus Agreement Date
The notes receivable from FSCC described below in the aggregate were converted into the Omnibus on the Omnibus Agreement Date:
•FSCC issued a 10-year promissory note to the Company in May 2016 for $0.7 million, which bore interest at a rate of 12.5% per annum and matured in April 2026, as amended (the “FSCC Initial Note”). The monthly payments on the FSCC Initial Note were approximately $10,000. At December 31, 2022, the current portion of the FSCC Initial Note was approximately $85,000, and is included in Notes receivable, current portion, in the consolidated balance sheet.
•In December 2021, the Company converted financed trade accounts receivable balances from FSCC aggregating $7.8 million into notes receivable, which was net of the $1.3 million debt issuance discount recorded in connection with the conversion, whereby FSCC issued promissory notes aggregating $7.8 million to the Company (the “FSCC Secondary Notes”). The FSCC Secondary Notes bore interest at a rate of 6.0% per annum and matured in December 2025. FSCC was required to make periodic payments of principal and interest throughout the term of the FSCC Secondary Notes. At December 31, 2022, the FSCC Secondary Notes balance included approximately $49,000 of unpaid accrued interest. The Company had granted FSCC an interest holiday in 2023 from January 1, 2023 through the Omnibus Agreement Date and accordingly, no interest was accrued in 2023. At December 31, 2022, the current portion of the FSCC Secondary Notes aggregated $2.5 million.
•In December 2022, the Company converted amounts due from FSCC aggregating $750,000 into a note receivable, whereby FSCC issued a promissory note to the Company for $750,000 (the "FSCC New Note"). The FSCC New Note bore interest at a rate of 6.0% per annum and matured in December 2026. FSCC was required to make
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quarterly interest payments, with the full amount of principal due on December 31, 2026; however, the Company had granted FSCC an interest holiday for the six months ended June 30, 2023. At December 31, 2022, the entire balance of the FSCC New Note was long-term.
•In the second quarter of 2023, the Company converted $879,000 due from FSCC into a note receivable.
Healer LLC
In March 2021, the Company was issued a promissory note in the principal amount of approximately $894,000 (the "Revised Healer Note") from Healer LLC, an entity that provides cannabis education, dosage programs, and products developed by Dr. Dustin Sulak ("Healer"). The principal balance of the note represents previous loans extended to Healer by the Company totaling $0.8 million, plus approximately $94,000 of accrued interest through the Revised Healer Note issuance date. The Revised Healer Note bears interest of 6.0% per annum and requires quarterly payments of interest through its April 2026 maturity date.
The Company has the right to offset any licensing fees payable by the Company to Healer in the event Healer fails to make any payment when due. In 2021, the Company offset approximately $28,000 of licensing fees payable to Healer against the principal balance of the Revised Healer Note, reducing the principal balance to approximately $866,000.
At each of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the total amounts of principal and accrued interest due under the Revised Healer Note were approximately $866,000, of which approximately $52,000 was current.
(8) INVENTORY
Inventory at December 31, 2023 and 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Ingredients and other raw materials 4,932 3,255
(9) INVESTMENTS
The Company's investments at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were all classified as current and were comprised of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
Investment - current:
WM Technology Inc. $ 88 $ 123