Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OFOPERATIONS
Executive Overview
Fiscal 2020: Sales for the year were a record $9.6 billion, a 1 percent increase from last year, as all four business segments delivered sales growth. Organic net sales1 increased 2 percent. (1See explanation of non-GAAP financial measures in the Consolidated Results section). Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the last three fiscal quarters of 2020, the Company experienced significant demand shifts from its domestic foodservice business to its domestic retail business. Net sales increased for the year due to higher branded retail sales from all business segments, higher commodity sales in Refrigerated Foods and Jennie-O Turkey Store, and the acquisition of the Sadler's Smokehouse business. These gains offset a dramatic decline in foodservice sales and the impact of the CytoSport divestiture last year. Earnings before tax declined 8 percent, as the Company absorbed approximately $80 million in incremental costs related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 7 percent decrease in net earnings attributable to the Company was driven by COVID-19 related expenses in addition to the impact of the gain on the CytoSport divestiture last year. Diluted earnings per share for fiscal 2020 were $1.66, an 8 percent decrease compared to $1.80 per share last year.
Grocery Products segment profit for the full year increased as improved center store retail sales and favorable product mix more than overcame the divestiture of CytoSport and the benefit from a legal settlement in fiscal 2019. International & Other segment results increased significantly for the full year of fiscal 2020 due to higher income from the Company's partners in the Philippines, South Korea and Europe, branded export growth, and improved results in China. Earnings for the Jennie-O Turkey Store segment deceased primarily due to lower foodservice earnings and increased supply chain costs related to the COVID-19 impacts on manufacturing and live production. Refrigerated Foods segment results declined for the full year as lower foodservice sales and incremental supply chain costs related to COVID-19 more than offset excellent performances from the retail businesses.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company committed to making investments necessary to keep its team members safe. These investments included: enhanced safety procedures across the Company's facilities; providing personal protective equipment for all production team members; frequent disinfecting of high-touch areas; reconfiguration of common areas and workstations; temperature and wellness screenings; revised shift scheduling; reduced production line speeds; new guidelines on carpooling; more extensive social distancing measures throughout each facility; and where possible, providing remote work opportunities and facilitating access to rapid testing for employees. The Company also paid over $11 million in bonuses to full- and part-time plant production team members during the year.
Additionally, the Company continued to reinvest into the business through capital expenditures while returning cash back to shareholders in the form of dividends. Capital expenditures were $367.5 million in fiscal 2020. Notable projects included the completion of the Burke pizza toppings plant expansion, significant work on a new dry sausage facility in Nebraska, Project Orion, and many other projects to support growth of branded products. The annual dividend for 2021 will be $0.98 per share and marks the 55th consecutive year of dividend increases, representing an increase of 5 percent.
In March, the Company acquired Sadler's Smokehouse for $270.8 million. In June, the Company issued $1.0 billion, ten-year notes at an annual interest rate of 1.8 percent. The proceeds from the offering is expected to provide liquidity and allow the business to take advantage of strategic opportunities.
Fiscal 2021 Outlook: We are optimistic about our ability to grow sales and earnings in fiscal 2021. Sales for our retail products is expected to remain strong but not to the level of growth seen in fiscal 2020. Sales momentum for products such as SKIPPY® peanut butter, Herdez® salsas and sauces, Hormel® Black Label® bacon, Applegate® brands, and Jennie-O® lean ground turkey is expected to continue. Key product lines are expected to benefit from structurally higher capacity compared to last year. We anticipate a modest recovery in the foodservice industry but likely not back to 2019 levels. Brands like Hormel® Bacon 1TM, Hormel® Fire BraisedTM, Sadler’s®, and Café H® are well-positioned to grow as the industry recovers. Additional restrictions related to on-premise dining and regional lockdowns could impact the recovery of the foodservice industry. We expect the COVID-19 related higher cost structure in our domestic operations to continue through the first half of fiscal 2021 and for the majority of COVID-19 costs to subside as the pandemic comes under control. The availability of labor to staff our domestic production facilities and higher input costs present risk to our sales and profitability. Barring any unforeseen trade issues, the International & Other segment expects continued growth from the China business and the SPAM® and SKIPPY® brands.
Due to consistent cash flow, liquidity, and a strong balance sheet, the Company remains in a position of strength heading into fiscal 2021. We plan to invest our capital to support the growth of the value-added businesses and advertise our numerous iconic brands. We plan to open a new dry sausage facility for the Columbus® brand in the second quarter as well as invest in additional capacity to support our pepperoni business. Additionally, we are committed to returning cash to shareholders in the form of dividends.
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A detailed review of the Company's fiscal 2020 performance compared to fiscal 2019 appears in following section. A detailed review of the fiscal 2019 performance compared to fiscal 2018 is set forth in Part II, Item 7 of the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 27, 2019 under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
Results of Operations
OVERVIEW
The Company is a processor of branded and unbranded food products for retail, foodservice, deli, and commercial customers. At the beginning of fiscal 2019, the Company aligned all deli businesses, including the Jennie-O Turkey Store deli division, into Hormel Deli Solutions reporting within the Refrigerated Foods segment. In addition, the ingredients business was realigned from the Grocery Products segment to the Refrigerated Foods segment. Periods presented herein have been recast to reflect these changes. Periods presented have also been adjusted due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (Topic 715). See Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information.
The Company operates in the following four reportable segments:
Segment Business Conducted
The Company’s fiscal year consisted of 52 weeks in fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018. Fiscal 2021 will consist of 53 weeks.
FISCAL YEARS 2020 AND 2019
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
Net Earnings and Diluted Earnings Per Share
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
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Volume and Net Sales
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
(1) COMPARISON OF U.S. GAAP TO NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASUREMENTS
The non-GAAP adjusted financial measurements of organic net sales and organic volume are presented to provide investors with additional information to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations. Organic net sales and organic volume are defined as net sales and volume, excluding the impact of acquisitions and divestitures. Organic net sales and organic volume exclude the impacts of the Sadler's Smokehouse acquisition (March 2020) in the Refrigerated Foods segment and the CytoSport divestiture (April 2019) in the Grocery Products, and International & Other segments.
The Company believes these non-GAAP financial measurements provide useful information to investors because they are the measurements used to evaluate performance on a comparable year-over-year basis. Non-GAAP measurements are not intended to be a substitute for U.S. GAAP measurements in analyzing financial performance. These non-GAAP measurements are not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies.
The tables below show the calculations to reconcile from the GAAP measures to the non-GAAP adjusted measures.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
4th Quarter
Volume (lbs.)
Net Sales
Net sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 decreased, as higher sales of whole-birds at Jennie-O Turkey Store, the impact from the Sadler's Smokehouse acquisition, and strong retail sales growth of Applegate® products, Jennie-O® lean ground turkey, Black Label® bacon, and Skippy® peanut butter could not overcome significantly lower enterprise-wide foodservice sales.
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Full Year
Volume (lbs.)
Net Sales
For fiscal 2020, net sales increased due to higher branded retail sales from all business segments, higher commodity sales in Refrigerated Foods and Jennie-O Turkey Store, and the acquisition of Sadler's Smokehouse. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent shift in consumer behavior toward the retail channel led to a dramatic decline in foodservice sales. Net sales were also negatively impacted by the CytoSport divestiture last year.
In fiscal 2021, the Company expects net sales growth due to continued momentum from the retail and international channels and a recovery in the foodservice industry. Grocery Products expects strong demand for its branded retail items to continue. The business is expected to benefit from structural capacity improvements on key categories such as canned meats and chili. The International & Other segment expects stronger sales in China and continued growth of SPAM® luncheon meat and Skippy ®peanut butter. The retail businesses in Refrigerated Foods should continue to grow, led by the Hormel® Black Label® and Applegate® brands. We expect a recovery in the foodservice industry and growth from the Hormel® Bacon 1TM, Hormel® Fire BraisedTM, Sadler’s®, and Café H® brands. The deli division is expected to continue to grow the Columbus ® brand as new capacity comes online. Jennie-O Turkey Store is expecting sales growth from Jennie-O® lean ground turkey and a recovery in foodservice.
Cost of Products Sold
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Cost of products sold for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 decreased primarily due to lower value-added foodservice sales. Cost of products sold for the full year increased driven by record sales and approximately $80 million of incremental operational costs related to the COVID-19 pandemic. These costs included lower production volumes, employee bonuses, and enhanced safety measures in the Company's facilities.
The Company expects to absorb additional COVID-19 related operational costs during the first half of fiscal 2021. As the pandemic comes under control, the majority of these costs should subside.
Gross Profit
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Consolidated gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the fourth quarter and full year declined. The mix impact from lower foodservice sales in the Refrigerated Foods and Jennie-O Turkey Store segments and the incremental supply chain costs incurred related to the COVID-19 pandemic were the primary drivers of the decline.
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In fiscal 2021, higher sales and improved mix are expected to lead to gross profit expansion. The Company expects the higher cost structure related to COVID-19 to continue through the first half. Higher raw material input costs present a risk to the Company's profitability.
Selling, General, and Administrative (SG&A)
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Percentage of Net Sales 7.9 % 7.3 % 7.9 % 7.7 %
SG&A expenses for the fourth quarter increased driven by higher advertising investments in 2020 and lower pension and other employee-related expenses last year. Full year SG&A increased as a result of various factors impacting comparability to last year. These factors included the one-time gain from the divestiture of CytoSport, a partial year of expenses related to CytoSport, and a legal settlement.
Advertising investments in the fourth quarter were $29 million, an increase of 14 percent. Advertising investments declined for fiscal 2020 due primarily to the divestiture of CytoSport.
In fiscal 2021, the Company intends to continue building brand awareness through advertising investments in key brands such as SPAM®, SKIPPY®, Hormel® chili, Applegate®, Columbus®, Hormel® Black Label®, Hormel® pepperoni and Jennie-O®.
Research and development continues to be a vital part of the Company's strategy to extend existing brands and expand into new branded items. Research and development expenses were $8.3 million and $31.9 million for the fiscal 2020 fourth quarter and year, respectively, compared to $8.4 million and $32.5 million for the corresponding periods in fiscal 2019.
Equity in Earnings of Affiliates
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Equity in earnings of affiliates for the fourth quarter and full year of fiscal 2020 declined due to lower earnings from the MegaMex foodservice business. This decline was partially offset by improved performance from the Company's joint venture in the Philippines.
The Company accounts for its majority-owned operations under the consolidation method. Investments in which the Company owns a minority interest, and for which there are no other indicators of control, are accounted for under the equity or cost method. These investments, along with receivables from other affiliates, are included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as investments in and receivables from affiliates. The composition of this line item at October 25, 2020, was as follows:
(in thousands) Investments/Receivables
Country
Effective Tax Rate
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
The effective tax rate for fiscal 2020 was impacted by stock-based compensation and state tax settlements. The tax impacts of the CytoSport divestiture and stock-based compensation were the main drivers of the Company's fiscal 2019 effective tax rates for the fourth quarter and fiscal year. For additional information, refer to Note J - Income Taxes.
The Company expects the effective tax rate in fiscal 2021 to be between 20.0 and 21.5 percent.
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Segment Results
Net sales and operating profits for each of the Company’s reportable segments are set forth below. The Company is an integrated enterprise, characterized by substantial intersegment cooperation, cost allocations, and sharing of assets. Therefore, the Company does not represent that these segments, if operated independently, would report the operating profit and other financial information shown below. Additional segment financial information can be found in Note P - Segment Reporting.
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Net Sales
Segment Profit
Grocery Products
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Demand for center store brands remained strong in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, led by growth from brands such as SKIPPY®, Herdez®, and Hormel® Compleats®. Sales for the quarter were impacted by lower inventory levels and production limitations related to the COVID-19 pandemic on certain center store products and lower sales for MegaMex foodservice items. For the full year, net sales increased as growth from many center store brands more than offset the impact from the CytoSport divestiture last year.
Segment profit for the fourth quarter increased as improved results across the nut butters portfolio more than offset increased freight expense and lower earnings from our MegaMex foodservice business. Segment profit for the full year increased as improved sales and favorable product mix more than overcame the divestiture of CytoSport and the benefit from a legal settlement in fiscal 2019.
Looking ahead to fiscal 2021,Grocery Products expects strong demand for its branded retail items to continue. The business will benefit from structural capacity improvements on key categories such as canned meats and chili. Higher input costs could negatively pressure profitability.
Refrigerated Foods
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
For the fourth quarter, retail and deli sales growth from brands such as Applegate®, Hormel® Black Label®, and Columbus®, in addition to the impact from the Sadler’s Smokehouse acquisition did not offset a significant decline in foodservice sales. Sales were impacted by production limitations due to the COVID-19 pandemic and lower inventory levels. Full year sales increased due to strong demand for branded retail products, higher commodity sales and the benefit from the Sadler's Smokehouse acquisition.
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For the fourth quarter and full year of fiscal 2020, the decline in segment profit was due to lower foodservice sales and incremental supply chain costs related to COVID-19. Fourth quarter segment profit was also negatively impacted by a decrease in commodity profits.
In fiscal 2021, Refrigerated Foods is expecting modest growth from the retail businesses and a recovery in foodservice demand. Factors such as limited labor availability and low levels of inventory entering the year may limit the Company's ability to supply product in key categories to meet robust demand. Higher operational costs related to COVID-19 are expected to continue through the first half of the fiscal year. As the pandemic comes under control, the majority of these costs should subside.
Jennie-O Turkey Store
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 30, October 25, October 30,
Fourth quarter volume and sales growth of Jennie-O® lean ground products and whole birds were exceptionally strong. Reduced demand for foodservice and commodity products led to the overall decline in sales. Sales increased for fiscal 2020 as improvements in retail, whole bird, and commodity sales more than offset a dramatic decline in foodservice sales.
Lower foodservice earnings and increased supply chain costs related to the COVID-19 pandemic drove the decline in segment profit for the fourth quarter and full year.
Jennie-O Turkey Store expects growth from Jennie-O branded retail products, a recovery in the foodservice business, and an improvement in the vertically integrated supply chain. Incremental COVID-19 related costs are expected to persist through the first half of fiscal 2021. As the pandemic comes under control, the majority of these costs should subside. Limited labor availability and higher feed costs for 2021 pose a risk to sales and profitability.
International & Other
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 increased due to strong worldwide demand for SPAM® luncheon meat and growth in China. Results in China were positively impacted by strong demand for branded retail items, such as SKIPPY® peanut butter, and an accelerating recovery in the foodservice channel. Sales for the full year increased on improved results in China and strong international demand for the SPAM® and SKIPPY® brands.
The significant increase in segment profit for the fourth quarter was due to improved results in China, higher income from our partners in the Philippines, South Korea, and Europe, and branded export growth. Segment results increased for the full year of fiscal 2020 due to higher income from the Company's partners in the Philippines, South Korea, and Europe, branded export growth, and improved results in China.
Looking ahead to 2021, the International & Other segment anticipates growth in China and higher worldwide sales of SPAM ® luncheon meat and SKIPPY ®peanut butter. Higher input costs pose a risk to business results in China and Brazil.
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Unallocated Income and Expense
The Company does not allocate investment income, interest expense, or interest income to its segments when measuring performance. The Company also retains various other income and unallocated expenses at the corporate level. Equity in Earnings of Affiliates is included in segment profit; however, earnings attributable to the Company’s noncontrolling interests are excluded. These items are included in the segment table for the purpose of reconciling segment results to Earnings Before Income Taxes.
Fourth Quarter Ended Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 25, October 27,
Net Unallocated Expense increased for the fourth quarter due to higher interest and employee related expenses. Net Unallocated Expense for fiscal 2020 increased primarily due to one-time benefits in fiscal 2019 associated with the sale of CytoSport, higher selling and employee related expenses, and the impact from a legal settlement in 2019.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and Cash Equivalents were $1,714.3 million for fiscal 2020 compared to $672.9 million and $459.1 million for 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During fiscal 2020, cash provided by operating activities was $1,128.0 million compared to $923.0 million in fiscal 2019, and $1,241.7 million in fiscal 2018. The increase in fiscal 2020 was primarily due effective management of working capital.
Cash provided by/(used in) investing activities was $(656.3) million, $220.2 million, and $(1,235.4) million in fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Fiscal 2020 included the acquisition of Sadler's for $270.8 million. In fiscal 2019, the Company received $479.8 million from the sale of CytoSport and $30.6 million from the sale of the Fremont, Nebraska, processing facility. Fiscal 2018 included $857.4 million to purchase Columbus.
Capital expenditures in fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $367.5 million, $293.8 million, and $389.6 million, respectively. Significant projects in fiscal 2020 and 2019 included a new dry sausage facility in Nebraska, the Burke pizza toppings plant expansion, Project Orion, and ongoing investments to support food and employee safety as well as the growth of branded products. Key capital projects in fiscal 2018 included the expansion of value-added capacity at Dold Foods in Kansas and a highly automated whole bird facility in Minnesota. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2021 are estimated to be $350.0 million with the largest projects expected to include completion of the new dry sausage production facility in Nebraska, pepperoni capacity expansion, and Project Orion.
Cash provided by financing activities was $566.2 million in fiscal 2020 compared to cash used in financing activities of $926.2 million in fiscal 2019 and cash provided by financing activities of $11.6 million in fiscal 2018. In the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company issued ten-year senior notes in an aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion. The proceeds from the offering provide liquidity and allow the Company to take advantage of strategic opportunities. Cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2019 included repayment of the $375.0 term loan used to fund the acquisition of Columbus and $174.2 million in share repurchases.
Cash dividends paid to the Company’s shareholders continues to be an ongoing financing activity for the Company with $487.4 million in dividends paid in fiscal 2020 compared to $437.1 million in fiscal 2019 and $388.1 million in fiscal 2018. The dividend rate was $0.93 per share in fiscal 2020, which reflected an 11.0 percent increase over the fiscal 2019 rate of $0.84 per share. The Company has paid dividends for 369 consecutive quarters. The annual dividend rate for fiscal 2021 was increased 5% percent to $0.98 per share, representing the 55th consecutive annual dividend increase.
The Company is required by certain covenants in its debt agreements to maintain specified levels of financial ratios and financial position. As of October 25, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.
Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company remains confident in its ability to meet cash flow needs. In addition to providing a return to shareholders through dividends, top priorities for the Company include investments to ensure employee and food safety, growing the business through innovation, and evaluating opportunities for strategic acquisitions. Capital spending to enhance and expand current operations isl also expected to be a significant cash outflow in fiscal 2021.
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Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table outlines the Company’s future contractual financial obligations as of October 25, 2020, (for additional information regarding these obligations, see Note E - Long-term Debt and Other Borrowing Arrangements and Note M - Commitments and Contingencies):
Payments Due by Periods
Purchase Obligations:
(1) In the normal course of business, the Company commits to purchase fixed quantities of livestock, grain, and raw materials from producers to ensure a steady supply of production inputs. Some of these contracts are based on market prices at the time of delivery, for which the Company has estimated the purchase commitment using current market prices as of October 25, 2020.
(2) The Company utilizes grow-out contracts with independent farmers to raise turkeys for the Company. Under these contracts, the turkeys, feed, and other supplies are owned by the Company. The farmers provide the required labor and facilities and receive a fee per pound when the turkeys are delivered. Some of the facilities are sub-leased by the Company to the independent farmers. As of October 25, 2020, the Company had approximately 100 active contracts ranging from one to twenty-five years in duration. The grow-out activity is assumed to continue through the term of these active contracts. Amounts in the table represent the Company’s obligation based on turkeys expected to be delivered from these farmers.
(3) See Note E - Long-term Debt and Other Borrowing Arrangements.
(4) See Note N - Leases.
(5) Other Long-term Liabilities represent payments under the Company’s deferred compensation plans and immaterial other financing arrangements. Excluded from the table above are payments under the Company’s defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. (See estimated benefit payments for the next ten fiscal years in Note F - Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits).
(6) As discussed in Note J - Income Taxes, the total liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, at October 25, 2020, was $29.1 million, which is not included in the table above as the ultimate amount or timing of settlement of the Company's reserves for income taxes cannot be reasonably estimated.
The Company believes its financial resources, including a revolving credit facility for $400 million and anticipated funds from operations, will be adequate to meet all current commitments.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of October 25, 2020, the Company had $47.5 million of standby letters of credit issued on its behalf. The standby letters of credit are primarily related to the Company’s self-insured workers compensation programs. However, this amount includes revocable standby letters of credit totaling $3.1 million for obligations of an affiliated party that may arise under workers compensation claims. Letters of credit are not reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
Trademarks
References to the Company’s brands or products in italics within this report represent valuable trademarks owned or licensed by
Hormel Foods, LLC or other subsidiaries of Hormel Foods Corporation.
Critical Accounting Policies
This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon the Company's consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that can have a meaningful effect on the reporting of consolidated financial statements. See Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies additional information.
Critical accounting policies are defined as those reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties, which may result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. As conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic evolve, the Company expects these judgments and estimates may be subject to change, which could materially impact future periods. The Company believes the following are its critical accounting policies:
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Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes sales at the point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the product has transferred to the customer. Obligations for the Company are usually fulfilled once shipped product is received or picked up by the customer. Revenue is recorded net of applicable provisions for discounts, returns, and allowances.
The Company offers various sales incentives to customers and consumers. Incentives offered off-invoice include prompt pay allowances, will call allowances, spoilage allowances and temporary price reductions. These incentives are recognized as reductions of revenue at the time control is transferred. Coupons are used as an incentive for consumers to purchase various products. The coupons reduce revenues at the time they are offered, based on estimated redemption rates. Promotional contracts are performed by customers to promote the Company’s products to consumers. These incentives reduce revenues at the time of performance through direct payments and accrued promotional funds. Accrued promotional funds are unpaid liabilities for promotional contracts in process or completed at the end of a quarter or fiscal year. Promotional contractual accruals are based on agreements with customers for defined performance. The liability relating to these agreements is based on a review of the outstanding contracts on which performance has taken place but which the promotional payments relating to such contracts remain unpaid as of the end of the fiscal year. The level of customer performance and the historical spend rate versus contracted rates are estimates used to determine these liabilities.
Inventory Valuation: The Company values inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value. For pork inventories, when the carcasses are disassembled and transferred from primal processing to various manufacturing departments, the primal values, as adjusted by the Company for product specifications and further processing, become the basis for calculating inventory values. Turkey raw materials are represented by the deboned meat quantities. The Company values these raw materials using a concept referred to as the “meat cost pool.” The meat cost pool is determined by combining the cost to grow turkeys with processing costs, less any net sales revenue from by-products created from the processing and not used in producing Company products. The Company has developed a series of ratios using historical data and current market conditions (which themselves involve estimates and judgment determinations by the Company) to allocate the meat cost pool to each meat component. Substantially all inventoriable expenses, meat, packaging, and supplies are valued by the average cost method.
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangibles: Estimating the fair value of the Company’s goodwill reporting units and intangible assets requires significant judgment upon initial valuation. Determining the useful life of an intangible asset also requires judgment. Certain acquired brands are expected to have indefinite lives based on their history and the Company’s intent to continue to support and build the brands. Other acquired assets such as customer relationships, are expected to have determinable useful lives.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are originally recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and the residual of the purchase price is recorded to goodwill. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are allocated to the reporting units that will receive the related sales and income. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.
Goodwill
In conducting the annual impairment test for goodwill, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (> 50% likelihood) the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If a qualitative assessment determines an impairment is more likely than not, the Company is required to perform a quantitative impairment test. Otherwise, no further analysis is required. Alternatively, the Company may elect to proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.
In conducting a qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes actual and projected growth trends for net sales, gross margin, and segment profit for each reporting unit, as well as historical performance versus plan and the results of prior quantitative tests performed. Additionally, the Company assesses factors that may impact its business, including macroeconomic conditions and the related impact, market-related exposures, plans to market for sale all or a portion of the business, competitive changes, new or discontinued product lines, changes in key personnel, and any potential risks to their projected financial results.
If performed, the quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level. First, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its corresponding carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using discounted cash flow valuations (Level 3), which incorporate assumptions regarding future growth rates, terminal values and discount rates. The estimates and assumptions used consider historical performance and are consistent with the assumptions used in determining future profit plans for each reporting unit, which are approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. If the quantitative assessment results in the carrying value exceeding the fair value of any reporting unit, then the results from the quantitative analysis will be relied upon to determine both the existence and amount of goodwill impairment. An impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill in that reporting unit.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company completed its annual goodwill impairment tests and elected to perform a qualitative assessment. As a result of the qualitative testing during 2020, 2019, and 2018, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded.
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Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
In conducting the annual impairment test for its indefinite-lived intangible assets, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (> 50% likelihood) that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If the Company concludes this is the case, a quantitative test for impairment must be performed. Otherwise, the Company does not need to perform a quantitative test.
In conducting the qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes growth rates for historical and projected net sales and the results of prior quantitative tests performed. Additionally, the Company assesses critical areas that may impact the value of its intangible assets or the applicable royalty rates to determine if impairment may be indicated.
If performed, the quantitative impairment test compares the fair value to the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. The fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets is primarily determined on the basis of estimated discounted value, using the relief from royalty method (Level 3). This method incorporates assumptions regarding future sales projections, discount rates, and royalty rates. If the carrying value exceeds fair value, the indefinite-lived intangible asset is considered impaired and an impairment charge is recorded. Even if not required, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative test in order to gain further assurance in the qualitative assessment.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company completed its annual indefinite-live impairment tests by performing a qualitative assessment. During 2019, the Company elected to quantitatively test two indefinite-lived intangible assets and to perform a qualitative assessment for the remaining assets. No impairment charges were recorded as a result of the qualitative and quantitative testing during fiscal years 2020 and 2019. During fiscal 2018, a $17.3 million intangible asset impairment charge was recorded for the CytoSport trademark. No other material impairment charges were recorded in fiscal 2018.
Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits: The Company incurs expenses relating to employee benefits, such as noncontributory defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement health care benefits. In accounting for these employment costs and the associated liabilities, management must make a variety of assumptions and estimates including mortality rates, discount rates, compensation increases, expected return on plan assets, and health care cost trend rates. The Company considers historical data as well as current facts and circumstances when determining these estimates. The Company uses third-party specialists to assist management in the determination of these estimates and the calculation of certain employee benefit expenses and the outstanding obligation.
Benefit plan assets are stated at fair value. Due to the lack of readily available market prices, private equity investments are valued by models using a combination of available market data and unobservable inputs that consider earnings multiples, discounted cash flows, and other qualitative and quantitative factors. Other benefit plan investments are measured at Net Asset Value (NAV) per share of the fund's underlying investments as a practical expedient. These valuations are subject to judgments and assumptions of the funds which may prove to be incorrect, resulting in risks of incorrect valuation of these investments. The Company seeks to mitigate these risks by evaluating the appropriateness of the funds’ judgments and assumptions by reviewing the financial data included in the funds’ financial statements for reasonableness. The Company also holds quarterly meetings with the investment adviser to review fund performance, which include comparisons to the relevant indices. On an annual basis, the Company performs pricing tests on certain underlying investments to gain additional assurance of the reliability of values received from the fund manager. See Note F - Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits for additional information.
Income Taxes: The Company records income taxes in accordance with the liability method of accounting. Deferred taxes are recognized for the estimated taxes ultimately payable or recoverable based on enacted tax law. Changes in enacted tax rates are reflected in the tax provision as they occur.
The Company computes its provision for income taxes based on the statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to it in the various jurisdictions in which it operates. Judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its annual tax provision. While the Company considers all of its tax positions fully supportable, the Company is occasionally challenged by various tax authorities regarding the amount of taxes due. The Company recognizes a tax position in its financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. This position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. A change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions will be recognized in earnings in the quarter of such change.
Contingent Liabilities: At any time, the Company may be subject to investigations, legal proceedings or claims related to the ongoing operation of its business, including claims both by and against the Company. Such proceedings typically involve claims related to product liability, contract disputes, wage and hour laws, employment practices, antitrust regulations, or other actions brought by employees, consumers, competitors, or suppliers. The Company routinely assesses the likelihood of any adverse outcomes related to these matters on a case by case basis, as well as the potential ranges of losses and fees. The Company establishes accruals for its potential exposure, as appropriate, for claims against the Company when losses become probable and reasonably estimable. Where the Company is able to reasonably estimate a range of potential losses, the Company records the amount within that range which constitutes the Company’s best estimate. The Company also discloses the nature and range of loss for claims against the Company when losses are reasonably possible and material. These accruals and disclosures are determined based on the facts and circumstances related to the individual cases and require estimates and judgments regarding the interpretation of facts and laws, as well as the effectiveness of strategies or factors beyond our control.
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Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Hog Markets: The Company’s earnings are affected by fluctuations in the live hog market. To minimize the impact on earnings and ensure a steady supply of quality hogs, the Company has entered into contracts with producers for the purchase of hogs at formula-based prices over periods of up to 10 years. Hogs purchased under contract accounted for 95 percent and 93 percent of the total hogs purchased by the Company during fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. The majority of these contracts use market-based formulas based on hog futures, hog primal values, or industry reported hog markets. Other contracts use a formula based on the cost of production, which can fluctuate independently from hog markets. The Company’s value-added branded portfolio helps mitigate changes in hog and pork market prices. Therefore, a hypothetical 10 percent change in the cash hog market would have had an immaterial effect on the Company’s results of operations.
The Company utilizes a hedge program to reduce exposure and offset the fluctuations in the Company’s future direct hog purchases. This program utilizes lean hog futures which are accounted for under cash flow hedge accounting. The fair value of the Company’s open futures contracts in this program as of October 25, 2020, was $3.1 million compared to $5.8 million as of October 27, 2019. The Company measures its market risk exposure on its lean hog futures contracts using a sensitivity analysis, which considers a hypothetical 10 percent change in the market prices for lean hogs. A 10 percent decrease in the market price for lean hogs would have negatively impacted the fair value of the Company’s October 25, 2020, open lean hog contracts by $9.3 million, which in turn would lower the Company’s future cost on purchased hogs by a similar amount.
Turkey Production Costs: The Company raises or contracts for live turkeys to meet the majority of its raw material supply requirements. Production costs in raising turkeys are subject primarily to fluctuations in feed prices and, to a lesser extent, fuel costs. Under normal, long-term market conditions, changes in the cost to produce turkeys are offset by proportional changes in the turkey market.
The Company utilizes a hedge program to reduce exposure and offset the fluctuation in the Company’s future direct grain purchases. This program utilizes corn futures for Jennie-O Turkey Store, and these contracts are accounted for under cash flow hedge accounting. The fair value of the Company’s open futures contracts as of October 25, 2020, was $(0.1) million compared to $(2.2) million as of October 27, 2019. The Company measures its market risk exposure on its grain futures contracts using a sensitivity analysis, which considers a hypothetical 10 percent change in the market prices for grain. A 10 percent decrease in the market price for grain would have negatively impacted the fair value of the Company’s October 25, 2020, open grain contracts by $7.2 million, which in turn would lower the Company’s future cost on purchased grain by a similar amount.
Other Input Costs: The costs of raw materials, packaging materials, freight, fuel, and energy may cause the Company's results to fluctuate significantly. To manage input cost volatility, the Company pursues cost saving measures, forward pricing, derivatives, and pricing actions when necessary.
Investments: The Company has corporate-owned life insurance policies classified as trading securities as part of a rabbi trust to fund certain supplemental executive retirement plans and deferred income plans. As of October 25, 2020, the balance of these securities totaled $173.1 million compared to $157.5 million as of October 27, 2019. A majority of these securities represent fixed income funds. The Company is subject to market risk due to fluctuations in the value of the remaining investments as unrealized gains and losses associated with these securities are included in the Company’s net earnings on a mark-to-market basis. A 10 percent decline in the value of the investments not held in fixed income funds would have a negative impact to the Company’s pretax earnings of approximately $8.4 million, while a 10 percent increase in value would have a positive impact of the same amount.
International Assets: The fair values of certain Company assets are subject to fluctuations in foreign currencies. The Company’s net asset position in foreign currencies as of October 25, 2020, was $541.2 million, compared to $543.8 million as of October 27, 2019, with most of the exposure existing in Chinese yuan and Brazilian real. Changes in currency exchange rates impact the fair values of the Company assets either currently through the Consolidated Statements of Operations within Interest and Investment Income or through the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss.
The Company measures its foreign currency exchange risk by using a 10 percent sensitivity analysis on the Company’s primary foreign net asset position, the Chinese yuan and the Brazilian real, as of October 25, 2020. A 10 percent strengthening in the value of the Chinese yuan relative to the U.S. dollar would result in other comprehensive income of approximately $40.7 million pretax. A 10 percent weakening in the value of the Chinese yuan relative to the U.S. dollar would result in other comprehensive loss of approximately $33.3 million pretax. A 10 percent strengthening in the value of the Brazilian real relative to the U.S. dollar would result in other comprehensive income of approximately $10.4 million pretax. A 10 percent weakening in the value of the Brazilian real relative to the U.S. dollar would result in other comprehensive loss of approximately $8.5 million pretax.
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
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Report of Management
Management’s Responsibility for Financial Statements
The accompanying financial statements were prepared by the management of Hormel Foods Corporation which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. These statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles appropriate in the circumstances and, as such, include amounts that are based on our best estimates and judgments.
Hormel Foods Corporation has developed a system of internal controls designed to assure that the records reflect the transactions of the Company and that the established policies and procedures are adhered to. This system is augmented by well-communicated written policies and procedures, a strong program of internal audit and well-qualified personnel.
These financial statements have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, and their report is included herein. The audit was conducted in accordance with the standards of the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and includes a review of the Company’s accounting and financial controls and tests of transactions.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, composed solely of outside directors, meets periodically with the independent auditors, management, and the internal auditors to assure that each is carrying out its responsibilities. Both Ernst & Young LLP and our internal auditors have full and free access to the Audit Committee, with or without the presence of management, to discuss the results of their audit work and their opinions on the adequacy of internal controls and the quality of financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management of Hormel Foods Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a–15(f). The Company’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting standards. Under the supervision, and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework).
Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework, we concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 25, 2020. Our internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2020, has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.
/s/ James P. Snee /s/ James N. Sheehan
Chairman of the Board, Executive Vice President
President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Hormel Foods Corporation
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Hormel Foods Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Hormel Foods Corporation (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of October 25, 2020 and October 27, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ investment, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 25, 2020 and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 15 and our report dated December 4, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
December 4, 2020
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Hormel Foods Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Hormel Foods Corporation (the Company) as of October 25, 2020 and October 27, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ investment, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 25, 2020 and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at October 25, 2020 and October 27, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 25, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated December 4, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosure to which it relates.
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Valuation of Alternative Investments - Pension Assets
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1931.
Minneapolis, Minnesota
December 4, 2020
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Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
October 25, October 27,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 2020 2019
Assets
Current Assets
Investments In and Receivables from Affiliates 308,372 289,157
Property, Plant, and Equipment
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Investment
Current Liabilities
Current Maturities of Long-term Debt 258,691 —
Shareholders’ Investment
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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Consolidated Statements of Operations
Fiscal Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 28,
Goodwill/Intangible Impairment — — 17,279
Other Income and Expense:
Less: Net Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest 272 342 442
Net Earnings Per Share:
Weighted-average Shares Outstanding:
*Adjusted due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (Topic 715). See Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Fiscal Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 28,
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Less: Comprehensive Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest 624 70 217
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Investment
Hormel Foods Corporation Shareholders
share amounts) Shares Amount Shares Amount
Cumulative Effect Adjustment from the Adoption of:
Contribution from Non-controlling Interest 77 77
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Fiscal Year Ended
October 25, October 27, October 28,
Operating Activities
Adjustments to Reconcile to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:
Goodwill/Intangible Impairment — — 17,279
Loss (Gain) on Property/Equipment Sales and Plant Facilities 1,793 (811) (2,867)
Gain on Sale of Business — (16,469) —
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, Net of Acquisitions:
Investing Activities
Net (Purchase) Sale of Securities $ (2,589) $ (14,496) $ —
Proceeds from Sale of Business — 479,806 —
Acquisitions of Businesses and Intangibles (270,789) — (857,668)
Financing Activities
Repayments of Long-term Debt and Finance Leases (8,368) (374,840) (160)
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interest 77 — —
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash 3,526 (3,140) (2,985)
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note A
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hormel Foods Corporation (the Company) and all of its majority-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These estimates and assumptions take into account historical and forward looking factors, including but not limited to the potential impacts arising from COVID-19 and related public and private sector policies and initiatives.
Rounding: Certain amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and associated notes may not foot due to rounding. All percentages have been calculated using unrounded amounts.
Fiscal Year: The Company’s fiscal year ends on the last Sunday in October. Fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018 consisted of 52 weeks. Fiscal 2021 will consist of 53 weeks.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all investments with an original maturity of three months or less on their acquisition date to be cash equivalents. The Company’s cash equivalents as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, consisted primarily of bank deposits, money market funds rated AAA, or other highly liquid investment accounts. The Net Asset Value (NAV) of the Company’s money market funds is based on the market value of the securities in the portfolio.
Fair Value Measurements: Pursuant to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820), the Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value or discloses the fair value of certain assets and liabilities recorded at cost in the consolidated financial statements. Fair value is calculated as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires assets and liabilities measured at fair value to be categorized into one of three levels based on the inputs used in the valuation. The Company classifies assets and liabilities in their entirety based on the lowest level of input significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1: Observable inputs based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable inputs, other than those included in Level 1, based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about what inputs a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances.
See additional discussion regarding the Company’s fair value measurements in Note F - Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits, Note G - Derivatives and Hedging, and Note L - Fair Value Measurements.
Compensation: The Company maintains a rabbi trust to fund certain supplemental executive retirement plans and deferred compensation plans. Under the plans, participants can defer certain types of compensation and elect to receive a return on the deferred amounts based on the changes in fair value of various investment options, primarily a variety of mutual funds. The Company has corporate-owned life insurance policies on certain participants in the deferred compensation plans. The cash surrender value of the policies is included in Other Assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The securities held by the trust are classified as trading securities. Therefore, unrealized losses and gains associated with these investments are included in the Company’s earnings. Securities held by the trust generated gains (losses) of $7.0 million, $8.3 million, and $(0.4) million for fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined principally under the average cost method. Adjustments to the Company’s lower of cost or net realizable value inventory reserve are reflected in Cost of Products Sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Property, Plant, and Equipment: Property, Plant, and Equipment are stated at cost. The Company uses the straight-line method in computing depreciation. The annual provisions for depreciation have been computed principally using the following ranges of asset lives: buildings 20 to 40 years, and equipment 3 to 14 years.
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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Definite-Lived Intangible Assets: Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company reviews long-lived assets and definite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If impairment indicators are present and the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets and any related goodwill, the carrying value is reduced to the estimated fair value. The Company recorded no material impairment charges for long-lived or definite-lived assets in fiscal years 2020, 2019, or 2018.
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangibles: Indefinite-lived intangible assets are originally recorded at their estimated fair values at date of acquisition and the residual of the purchase price is recorded to goodwill. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are allocated to reporting units that will receive the related sales and income. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. See additional discussion regarding the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets in Note E - Goodwill and Intangible Assets.
Goodwill
In conducting the annual impairment test for goodwill, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (> 50% likelihood) the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines an impairment is more likely than not, the Company is required to perform a quantitative impairment test. Otherwise, no further analysis is required. Alternatively, the Company may elect to proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.
In conducting a qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes actual and projected growth trends for net sales, gross margin and segment profit for each reporting unit, as well as historical performance versus plan and the results of prior quantitative tests. Additionally, the Company assesses factors that may impact the business's financial results such as macroeconomic conditions and the related impact, market-related exposures, plans to market for sale all or a portion of the business, competitive changes, new or discontinued product lines, and changes in key personnel.
If performed, the quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level. First, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its corresponding carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using discounted cash flow valuations (Level 3), which incorporate assumptions regarding future growth rates, terminal values and discount rates. The estimates and assumptions used consider historical performance and are consistent with the assumptions used in determining future profit plans for each reporting unit, which are approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. If the quantitative assessment results in the carrying value exceeding the fair value of any reporting unit, the results from the quantitative analysis will be relied upon to determine both the existence and amount of goodwill impairment. An impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill in that reporting unit.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company completed its annual goodwill impairment tests and elected to perform a qualitative assessment. No impairment charges were recorded as a result of the qualitative testing performed during fiscal 2020, as well as fiscal years 2019 and 2018.
Indefinite-Lived Intangibles
In conducting the annual impairment test for its indefinite-lived intangible assets, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (> 50% likelihood) an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If the Company concludes this is the case, a quantitative test for impairment must be performed. Otherwise, the Company does not need to perform a quantitative test.
In conducting the qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes growth rates for historical and projected net sales and the results of prior quantitative tests. Additionally, each operating segment assesses items that may impact the value of their intangible assets or the applicable royalty rates to determine if impairment may be indicated.
If performed, the quantitative impairment test compares the fair value and carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. The fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets is primarily determined on the basis of estimated discounted value using the relief from royalty method (Level 3), which incorporates assumptions regarding future sales projections, discount rates and royalty rates. If the carrying amount exceeds fair value, the indefinite-lived intangible asset is considered impaired and an impairment charge is recorded for the difference. Even if not required, the Company may elect to perform the quantitative test in order to gain further assurance in the qualitative assessment.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company completed its annual indefinite-lived asset impairment tests by performing a qualitative assessment. During fiscal 2019, the Company elected to quantitatively test two indefinite-lived intangible assets and to perform a qualitative assessment for the remaining assets. No impairment charges were recorded as a result of the qualitative and quantitative testing during fiscal years 2020 and 2019. During fiscal 2018, a $17.3 million intangible asset impairment charge was recorded for the CytoSport trademark. No other material impairment charges were recorded in fiscal 2018.
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Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits: The Company has elected to use the corridor approach to recognize expenses related to its defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. Under the corridor approach, actuarial gains or losses resulting from experience and changes in assumptions are deferred and amortized over future periods. For the defined benefit pension plans, the unrecognized gains and losses are amortized when the net gain or loss exceeds 10.0% of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year. For the other post-retirement plans, the unrecognized gains and losses are amortized when the net gain or loss exceeds 10.0% of the accumulated pension benefit obligation at the beginning of the year. For plans with active employees, net gains or losses in excess of the corridor are amortized over the average remaining service period of participating employees expected to receive benefits under those plans. For plans with only retiree participants, net gains or losses in excess of the corridor are amortized over the average remaining life of the retirees receiving benefits under those plans.
Contingent Liabilities: The Company may be subject to investigations, legal proceedings, or claims related to the ongoing operation of its business, including claims both by and against the Company. Such proceedings typically involve claims related to product liability, contract disputes, antitrust regulations, wage and hour laws, employment practices, or other actions brought by employees, consumers, competitors or suppliers. The Company establishes accruals for its potential exposure for claims when losses become probable and reasonably estimable. Where the Company is able to reasonably estimate a range of potential losses, the Company records the amount within that range which constitutes the Company’s best estimate. The Company also discloses the nature of and range of loss for claims against the Company when losses are reasonably possible and material.
Foreign Currency Translation: Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated at the current exchange rate as of the date of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Amounts in the Consolidated Statements of Operations are translated at the average monthly exchange rate. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss in Shareholders’ Investment.
When calculating foreign currency translation, the Company deemed its foreign investments to be permanent in nature and has not provided for taxes on currency translation adjustments arising from converting the investment in a foreign currency to U.S. dollars.
Derivatives and Hedging Activity: The Company uses commodity positions to manage its exposure to price fluctuations in those markets. The contracts are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position within Other Current Assets or Accounts Payable. Additional information on hedging activities is presented in Note G - Derivatives and Hedging.
Equity Method Investments: The Company has a number of investments in joint ventures where its voting interests are in excess of 20 percent but not greater than 50 percent and for which there are no other indicators of control. The Company accounts for such investments under the equity method of accounting and its underlying share of each investee’s equity is reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as part of Investments In and Receivables from Affiliates.
The Company regularly monitors and evaluates the fair value of its equity investments. If events and circumstances indicate that a decline in the fair value of these assets has occurred and is other than temporary, the Company will record a charge in Equity in Earnings of Affiliates in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s investments do not have a readily determinable fair value as none of them are publicly traded. The fair values of the Company’s private equity investments are determined by discounting the estimated future cash flows of each entity. These cash flow estimates include assumptions on growth rates and future currency exchange rates (Level 3). The Company did not record an impairment charge on any of its equity investments in fiscal years 2020, 2019, or 2018. See additional discussion regarding the Company’s equity method investments in Note H - Investments In and Receivables From Affiliates.
Revenue Recognition: The Company’s customer contracts predominantly contain a single performance obligation to fulfill customer orders for the purchase of specified products. Revenue from product sales is primarily identified by purchase orders (“contracts”) which in some cases are governed by a master sales agreement. The purchase orders in combination with the invoice typically specify quantity and product(s) ordered, shipping terms, and certain aspects of the transaction price including discounts. Contracts are at standalone pricing or governed by pricing lists or brackets. The Company's revenue is recognized at the point in time when performance obligations have been satisfied, and control of the product has transferred to the customer. This is typically once the shipped product is received or picked up by the customer. Revenues are recognized at the net consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the goods. The amount of net consideration recognized includes estimates of variable consideration, including costs for trade promotion programs, consumer incentives, and allowances and discounts associated with distressed or potentially unsaleable products.
A majority of the Company’s revenue is short-term in nature with shipments within one year from order date. The Company's payment terms generally range between 7 to 45 days and vary by sales channel and other factors. The Company accounts for shipping and handling costs as contract fulfillment costs and excludes taxes imposed on and collected from customers in revenue producing transactions from the transaction price. The Company does not have significant deferred revenue or unbilled receivable balances as a result of transactions with customers. Costs to obtain contracts with a duration of one year or less are expensed and included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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The Company promotes products through advertising, consumer incentives, and trade promotions. These programs include discounts, slotting fees, coupons, rebates and in-store display incentives. Customer trade promotion and consumer incentive activities are recorded as a reduction to the sale price based on amounts estimated as variable consideration. The Company estimates variable consideration at the expected value method to determine the total consideration which the Company expects to be entitled. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company’s estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available.
The Company discloses revenue by reportable segment, sales channel and class of similar product in Note P - Segment Reporting.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: The Company estimates the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts based on a combination of factors, including the age of its Accounts Receivable balances, customer history, collection experience and current market factors. Additionally, a specific reserve may be established if the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations.
Advertising Expenses: Advertising costs are included in Selling, General, and Administrative and expensed when incurred. Advertising expenses include all media advertising but exclude the costs associated with samples, demonstrations, and market research. Advertising costs for fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $123.6 million, $131.1 million, and $151.5 million, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs: The Company’s shipping and handling expenses are included in Cost of Products Sold on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Research and Development Expenses: Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, General, and Administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Research and development expenses incurred for fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $31.9 million, $32.5 million, and $33.8 million, respectively.
Income Taxes: The Company records income taxes in accordance with the liability method of accounting. Deferred taxes are recognized for the estimated taxes ultimately payable or recoverable based on enacted tax law. Changes in enacted tax rates are reflected in the tax provision as they occur.
In accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, the Company recognizes a tax position in its financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. That position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Stock-Based Compensation: The Company records stock-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. For options subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense ratably over the shorter of the vesting period or requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense for grants made to retirement-eligible employees is recognized on the date of grant. The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant based on historical experience and revises in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ.
Share Repurchases: The Company may purchase shares of its common stock through open market and privately negotiated transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The timing and amount of repurchase transactions under the repurchase authorization depend on market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory considerations. For additional share repurchases information, see Part II, Item 5 - Market for Registrants' Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: Non-cash investment activities presented on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows primarily consist of unrealized gains or losses on the Company’s rabbi trust. The noted investments are included in Other Assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Changes in the value of these investments are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as Interest and Investment Income.
Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications of previously reported amounts have been made to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on Net Earnings or Operating Income, other than those related to the adoption of ASU 2017-07, as described within New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted.
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Accounting Changes and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted
Fiscal 2020
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The updated guidance requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than twelve months. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on the classification as a finance or operating lease. The update also requires expanded quantitative and qualitative disclosures. Accounting guidance for lessors is largely unchanged. The requirements of the new standard are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the provisions of this new accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal 2020. For transition purposes, the Company elected the package of practical expedients to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification, and initial direct costs. The Company elected the comparative periods practical expedient, and as a result, the Company did not adjust its comparative period financial information or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the effective date. Upon adoption, the Company recognized right-of-use assets of $112.7 million and lease liabilities of $114.1 million in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of October 28, 2019. The new standard did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Statements of Operations or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Fiscal 2019
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This topic converges the guidance within U.S. GAAP and international financial reporting standards and supersedes ASC 605, Revenue Recognition. The standard requires companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard provides enhanced disclosures about revenue, guidance for transactions which were not previously addressed, and improves guidance for multiple-element arrangements. The guidance was effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The updated guidance is to be applied either retrospectively or by using a cumulative effect adjustment. The Company adopted the provisions of the new standard using the full retrospective method at the beginning of fiscal 2019.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory (Topic 740). The updated guidance requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity asset transfer, other than transfers of inventory, when the transfer occurs. For intra-entity transfers of inventory, the income tax effects will continue to be deferred until the inventory has been sold to a third party. The updated guidance was effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted only within the first interim period of a fiscal year. The guidance is required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company adopted the updated provisions at the beginning of fiscal 2019, resulting in a reclassification from prepaid tax assets to deferred tax assets. In addition, due to the impact of the lower tax rate on deferred tax balances resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act), the Company recognized a cumulative effect adjustment to Retained Earnings of $10.5 million in fiscal 2019.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (Topic 715). The updated guidance requires an employer to report the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic post-retirement benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs. Other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic post-retirement benefit cost must be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization. This guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The updated guidance should be applied retrospectively for the presentation of components of net benefit cost and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit cost. The Company adopted the updated provisions at the beginning of fiscal 2019. The Company elected to utilize a practical expedient which allows the Company to use historical amounts disclosed in the Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits footnote as an estimation basis for retrospectively applying the requirements to separately report the other components in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Due to the retrospective adoption, the Company reclassified $19.0 million of non-service cost components of net periodic benefit costs from Operating Income to Interest and Investment Income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended October 28, 2018.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (Topic 815). The updated guidance expands an entity’s ability to hedge nonfinancial and financial risk components and reduce complexity in fair value hedges of interest rate risk. The guidance eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and generally requires the entire change in the fair value of a hedging instrument to be presented in the same income statement line as the hedged item. The guidance also eases certain documentation and assessment requirements and modifies the accounting for components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Entities will apply the amendments to cash flow and net investment hedge relationships that exist on the date of adoption using a modified retrospective approach. The presentation and disclosure requirements apply prospectively. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual period. The Company early adopted the updated guidance at the beginning of fiscal 2019; therefore, eliminating
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the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness. The Company applied the amendment to cash flow hedge relationships existing on the date of adoption using a modified retrospective approach. Presentation and disclosure requirements were applied on a prospective basis. The adoption resulted in an immaterial adjustment from Retained Earnings to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The updated guidance allows entities to reclassify stranded income tax effects resulting from the Tax Act from Accumulated Other comprehensive income to retained earnings in their consolidated financial statements. Under the Tax Act, deferred taxes were adjusted to reflect the reduction of the historical corporate income tax rate to the newly enacted corporate income tax rate, which left the tax effects on items within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss stranded at an inappropriate tax rate. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period and should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized. The Company early adopted the updated provisions at the beginning of fiscal 2019, resulting in a reclassification of $53.8 million from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Retained Earnings.
In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-09, Codification Improvements. This amendment makes changes to a variety of topics to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements to the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). The transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not require transition guidance and are effective upon issuance of ASU 2018-09. The amendments effective upon issuance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. A majority of the amendments do have transition guidance with effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company early adopted the remaining amendments in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (Topic 350). The amendments in the update align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and for interim periods within those fiscal years and is to be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the adoption date. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company early adopted the updated provisions on a prospective basis at the beginning of fiscal 2019.
Fiscal 2018
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330). The updated guidance requires that inventory be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The guidance is limited to inventory measured using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost methods and excludes inventory measured using last-in, first-out (LIFO) or retail inventory methods. Net realizable value is defined as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The updated guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the updated provisions on a prospective basis at the beginning of fiscal 2018. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718). The update simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual period, with adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year. Accordingly, the Company adopted the provisions of this new accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal 2018. This resulted in the excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies realized upon exercise or vesting of stock-based awards being recorded in its Consolidated Statements of Operations instead of additional paid-in capital within its Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The amendments requiring recognition of excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the income statement have been applied prospectively. Excess tax benefits of $40.4 million were recorded as a reduction of income tax expense for the fiscal year ended October 28, 2018. The effective tax rate was reduced by 3.4 percent for the twelve months ended October 28, 2018 as a result of the exercise activity. The Company applied the amendments related to the presentation of excess tax benefits on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows using a retrospective transition method, and as a result, realized windfalls were reclassified from financing activities to operating activities in its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In accordance with ASU 2016-09, the Company has made the accounting policy election to estimate forfeitures and adjust as actual forfeitures occur.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230). The update makes eight targeted changes to how cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted provided all amendments are adopted in the same period. The guidance requires application using a retrospective transition method. The Company early adopted the provisions of
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the new accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal 2018 and elected to account for distributions received from equity method investees as cash flows from operating activities using the nature of distribution approach accounting policy. Under the nature of the distribution approach, distributions are classified based on the nature of the activity that generated them. The guidance requires cash received from the settlement of insurance claims to be classified on the basis of the related insurance coverage. Accordingly, the Company classified cash settlements received from insurance claims to the specific type of loss to determine the cash flow classification of the proceeds. The guidance also requires cash proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies to be classified as investing activities. Accordingly, the Company classified the cash proceeds received from corporate-owned life insurance policies as cash flows from investing activities. The adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118. The update provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act). SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. The Company’s accounting for certain income tax effects are incomplete; however, reasonable estimates have been determined for those tax effects. The Company recognized a measurement-period adjustment during the fiscal year ended October 28, 2018.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). The update provides guidance on the measurement of credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The amendment replaces the current incurred loss impairment approach with a methodology to reflect expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to explain credit loss estimates. The updated guidance is to be applied on a modified retrospective approach and is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. The Company will adopt the provisions of this new accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal 2021 and does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement - Disclosure Framework (Topic 820). The updated guidance requires entities to disclose changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. Amendments in this guidance also require disclosure of transfers into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, purchases and issues of Level 3 assets and liabilities, and clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is as of the reporting date. The guidance removes requirements to disclose the amounts and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, policy for timing between of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The Company will adopt the provisions of this new accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal 2021 and does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans (Topic 715). The updated guidance requires additional disclosures of weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation. Amendments in the guidance also clarify the requirement to disclose the projected benefit obligation (PBO) and fair value of plan assets for plans with PBOs in excess of plan assets. The same disclosure is needed for the accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) and fair value of plan assets for plans with ABOs in excess of plan assets. The guidance removes certain previous disclosure requirements no longer considered cost beneficial. The amendments are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740). The updated guidance simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions in Topic 740 and clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendments are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.
Recently issued accounting standards or pronouncements not disclosed above have been excluded as they are not relevant to the Company.
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Note B
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Acquisitions: On March 2, 2020, the Company acquired the assets comprising the Sadler's Smokehouse business (Sadler's) for a final purchase price of $270.8 million. Sadler's is an authentic, pit-smoked meats business based in Henderson, Texas. This acquisition strengthens the Company's foodservice position and provides an opportunity to further extend the Sadler's product line into the retail and deli channels.
The transaction was funded with cash on hand and accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method. The Company has completed an allocation of the fair value of the assets acquired utilizing third-party valuation appraisals. See Note D - Goodwill and Intangible Assets for amounts assigned to goodwill and intangible assets.
Operating results for this acquisition have been included in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition and are reflected in the Refrigerated Foods segment. Pro forma results are not material for inclusion.
On November 27, 2017, the Company acquired Columbus Manufacturing, Inc. (Columbus), an authentic premium deli meat and salami company, from Arbor Investments for a final purchase price of $857.4 million. The transaction was funded with cash on hand and by borrowing $375.0 million under a term loan facility and $375.0 million under a revolving credit facility.
Columbus specializes in authentic premium deli meat and salami. This acquisition allows the Company to enhance its scale in the deli by broadening its portfolio of products, customers, and consumers.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method. The Company completed an allocation of the fair value of the assets acquired utilizing third-party valuation appraisals.
Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets recognized. The $610.6 million of goodwill recorded as part of the acquisition primarily reflects the value of the potential to expand presence in the deli channel and serve as the catalyst for uniting all of the Company's deli businesses into one customer-facing organization. The goodwill and intangible assets have been allocated to the Refrigerated Foods segment.
Operating results for this acquisition have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition and are reflected in the Refrigerated Foods segment.
Divestiture: On April 15, 2019, the Company completed the sale of CytoSport, Inc. (CytoSport), which includes the Muscle Milk® and Evolve® brands, to PepsiCo, Inc., and received final proceeds of $479.8 million. The divestiture resulted in a pretax gain of $16.5 million recognized in Selling, General, and Administrative expense and a tax benefit of $17.0 million recognized within the Provision for Income Taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
CytoSport's results of operations through the date of divestiture are included within Earnings Before Income Taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and are reflected within the Grocery Products and International & Other segments.
Note C
Inventories
Principal components of inventories are:
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Note D
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill: The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the fiscal years ended October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, are:
Foreign Currency Translation — — — (2,454) (2,454)
Foreign Currency Translation — — — (17,232) (17,232)
The increase to goodwill during fiscal 2020 is due to the acquisition of Sadler's. The reduction in goodwill during fiscal 2019 is due to the divestiture of CytoSport on April 15, 2019. See Note B - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information. Beginning balances for fiscal 2019 have been reclassified to present the current allocation between segments. See Note P - Segment Reporting for additional detail.
Intangible Assets:The carrying amounts for indefinite-lived intangible assets are:
October 25, October 27,
Foreign Currency Translation (6,923) (3,803)
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for definite-lived intangible assets are:
Gross Weighted- Gross Weighted-
Carrying Accumulated Avg Life Carrying Accumulated Avg Life
(in thousands) Amount Amortization (in Years) Amount Amortization (in Years)
Foreign Currency Translation — (4,760) — — (3,054) —
The increase in gross carrying amount of other intangibles during fiscal 2020, is related to the acquisition of Sadler's. See Note B - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information.
Amortization expense for the last three fiscal years was:
(in thousands)
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Estimated annual amortization expense for the five fiscal years after October 25, 2020, is as follows:
(in thousands)
During the fourth quarter of fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company completed the required annual impairment tests of indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill. In fiscal 2018, an impairment was indicated for the CytoSport trademark in the Grocery Products segment, resulting in a charge of $17.3 million. No other impairment was indicated. Useful lives of intangible assets were also reviewed during this process, with no material changes identified.
Note E
Long-term Debt and Other Borrowing Arrangements
Long-term Debt consists of:
Unamortized Discount on Senior Notes (2,630) —
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs (7,979) —
Finance Lease Liabilities(1) 61,030 —
Other Financing Arrangements 3,206 —
Less: Current Maturities of Long-term Debt 258,691 —
(1) See Note N - Leases for additional information
On June 11, 2020, the Company issued senior notes in an aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion, due June 11, 2030. The notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.800% per annum, with interest paid semi-annually in arrears on June 11 and December 11 of each year, commencing December 11, 2020. The notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at any time at the applicable redemption price set forth in the prospectus supplement. If a change of control triggering event occurs, the Company must offer to purchase the notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase.
The Company has a $400.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit which matures in June 2021. The unsecured revolving line of credit bears interest at a variable rate based on LIBOR and a fixed fee is paid for the availability of this credit line. As of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, the Company had no outstanding draws from this line of credit.
The Company is required by certain covenants in its debt agreements to maintain specified levels of financial ratios and financial position. At the end of the current fiscal year, the Company was in compliance with all of these covenants.
Total interest paid in the last three fiscal years is as follows:
(in millions)
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Note F
Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits
The Company has several defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans covering most employees. Benefits for defined benefit pension plans covering hourly employees are provided based on stated amounts for each year of service, while plan benefits covering salaried employees are based on final average compensation. Total costs associated with the Company’s defined contribution benefit plans in fiscal years 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $44.5 million, $43.0 million, and $44.2 million, respectively.
Certain groups of employees are eligible for post-retirement health or welfare benefits. Benefits for retired employees vary for each group depending on respective retirement dates and applicable plan coverage in effect. Contribution requirements for retired employees are governed by the Retiree Health Care Payment Program and may change each year as the cost to provide coverage is determined.
Net periodic cost of defined benefit plans included the following:
Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
Curtailment (Gain) Charge — 2,825 — — 1,219 —
Non-service cost components of net pension and post-retirement benefit cost are presented within Interest and Investment Income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Actuarial gains and losses and any adjustments resulting from plan amendments are deferred and amortized to expense over periods ranging from 8-20 years for pension benefits and 4-16 years for post-retirement benefits. The following amounts have not been recognized in net periodic pension cost and are included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
The following amounts are expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit expense in fiscal 2021:
(in thousands) Pension Benefits Post-retirementBenefits
Amortized Prior Service Credit $ (1,496) $ (669)
The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and funded status of the plans as of the October 25, 2020, and the October 27, 2019, measurement dates:
Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
Change in Benefit Obligation
Plan Amendments — 8,086 — —
Curtailment (Gain) Loss — (513) — 1,839
Participant Contributions — — 2,344 2,302
Medicare Part D Subsidy — — 555 662
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Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
Change in Plan Assets
Fair Value of Plan Assets at Beginning of Year $ 1,477,288 $ 1,313,380 $ — $ —
Participant Contributions — — 2,344 2,302
Fair Value of Plan Assets at End of Year $ 1,553,532 $ 1,477,288 $ — $ —
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, are as follows:
Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
The accumulated benefit obligation for all pension plans was $1.6 billion as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019. The following table provides information for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Fair Value of Plan Assets — —
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations are as follows:
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit costs are as follows:
Expected Long-term Return on Plan Assets 7.00 % 7.15 % 7.30 %
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on fair value and developed in consultation with outside advisors. A range is determined based on the composition of the asset portfolio, historical long-term rates of return, and estimates of future performance.
For measurement purposes, an 8.0% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits for pre-Medicare and post-Medicare retirees’ coverage is assumed for 2020. The pre-Medicare and post-Medicare rate is assumed to decrease to 5.0% for 2026 and remain steady thereafter.
The assumed discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, rate of future compensation increase, and health care cost trend rate have a significant impact on the amounts reported for the benefit plans. A one-percentage-point change in these rates would have the following effects:
1-Percentage-Point
Expense Benefit Obligation
(in thousands) Increase Decrease Increase Decrease
Pension Benefits
Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets (14,670) 14,670 — —
Post-retirement Benefits
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The Company’s funding policy is to make annual contributions of not less than the minimum required by applicable regulations. The Company expects to make contributions of $29.4 million during fiscal 2021 that represent benefit payments for unfunded plans.
Benefits expected to be paid over the next ten fiscal years are as follows:
(in thousands) Pension Benefits Post-retirement Benefits
The investment strategy for defined benefit pension plan assets attempts to minimize the long-term cost of pension benefits, reduce the volatility of pension expense, and achieve a healthy funded status for the plans. The Company establishes target allocations in consultation with outside advisors through the use of asset-liability modeling in an effort to match the duration of the plan assets with the duration of the Company’s projected benefit liability.
The actual and target weighted-average asset allocations for the Company’s pension plan assets as of the plan measurement date are as follows:
Asset Category Actual % Target Range % Actual % Target Range %
Cash and Cash Equivalents 1.5 — 1.2 —
The following tables show the categories of defined benefit pension plan assets and the level under which fair values were determined pursuant to the provisions of ASC 820. Assets measured at fair value using the net asset value (NAV) per share practical expedient are not required to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. These amounts are provided to permit reconciliation to the total fair value of plan assets.
Fair Value Measurements as of October 25, 2020
Plan Assets in Fair Value Hierarchy
Private Equity(2)
Fixed Income(3)
Plan Assets at Net Asset Value
Real Estate – Domestic(5) $ 81,015
Global Stocks - Collective Investment Funds(6) 457,713
Fixed Income - Hedge Funds(8) 51,956
Fixed Income - Collective Investment Funds(9) 36,941
Plan Assets at Net Asset Value $ 664,918
Total Plan Assets at Fair Value $ 1,553,532
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Fair Value Measurements as of October 27, 2019
Plan Assets in Fair Value Hierarchy
Private Equity(2)
Fixed Income(3)
Plan Assets at Net Asset Value
Real Estate – Domestic(5) $ 79,329
Global Stocks - Collective Investment Funds(6) 404,971
Plan Assets at Net Asset Value $ 555,403
Total Plan Assets at Fair Value $ 1,477,288
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, including the general classification of such instruments:
(1) Cash Equivalents: These Level 1 and Level 2 investments consist primarily of highly liquid money market mutual funds traded in active markets in addition to highly liquid futures and T-bills with an observable daily settlement price.
(2) Private Equity: These Level 3 investments consist of various collective investment funds, which are managed by a third party, invested in a well-diversified portfolio of equity investments from top performing, high quality firms focused on U.S. and foreign small to mid-markets, venture capitalists, and entrepreneurs with a concentration in areas of innovation. Investment strategies include buyouts, growth capital, buildups, and distressed, as well as early stages of company development mainly in the U.S. The fair value of these funds is based on the fair value of the underlying investments.
(3) Fixed Income: The Level 1 investments include U.S. Treasury bonds and notes, which are valued at the closing price reported on the active market in which the individual securities are traded. The Level 2 investments consist principally of U.S. government securities, which are valued daily using institutional bond quote sources and mortgage-backed securities pricing sources, and municipal, domestic, and foreign securities, which are valued daily using institutional bond quote sources.
(4) Global Stocks - Mutual Fund: These Level 1 investments include open-ended mutual funds consisting of a mix of U.S. common stocks and foreign common stocks, which are valued at closing price reported on the active market in which the fund is traded. The investment strategy is to obtain long term capital appreciation by focusing on companies generating above average earnings growth and are leading growth businesses in the marketplace. There are no restrictions on redemptions.
(5) Real Estate - Domestic: These investments include ownership in open-ended real estate funds, which manage diversified portfolios of commercial properties within the office, residential, retail, and industrial property sectors. Investment strategies aim to acquire, own, hold, or dispose of investments with the goal of achieving current income and/or capital appreciation. The real estate investments are valued at the NAV of shares held by the Master Trust. Requests to redeem shares are granted on a quarterly basis with either 45 or 90 days advance notice, subject to availability of cash.
(6) Global Stocks - Collective Investment Funds: These investments include commingled funds consisting of a mix of U.S. common stocks and foreign common stocks. The collective investment funds are valued at the NAV of shares held by the Master Trust. The investment strategy is to obtain long term capital appreciation by focusing on companies generating above average earnings growth and are leading growth businesses in the marketplace. All funds are daily liquid with the exception of one that is available on the first business day of the month for subscriptions and withdrawals.
(7) Hedge Funds: These investments are designed to provide diversification to an overall institutional portfolio and, in particular, provide protection against equity market downturns. They are comprised of CTAs/Managed Futures, Global Macro (Discretionary and/or Quant), and Long Volatility/Tail Risk Hedging strategies. The hedge funds are valued at the NAV of shares held by the Master Trust. Requests to redeem shares are granted daily, monthly or quarterly.
(8) Fixed Income - Hedge Funds: These investments target absolute, risk-adjusted returns by taking advantage of price dislocations and inconsistencies within credit markets. Funds are comprised primarily of U.S. and European corporate credit and structured credit. The investments are valued at the NAV of shares held by the Master Trust. Requests to redeem shares are granted on a quarterly basis on the three year fund anniversary with a ninety day notice period.
(9) Fixed Income - Collective Investment Funds: These investments include commingled funds consisting of a mix of U.S. government and investment grade corporate bonds. The collective investment funds are valued at NAV of the shares held by the Master Trust. The investment strategy is to achieve an investment return that approximates as closely to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index over the long term by investing in the securities that comprise the benchmark. There are no restrictions on redemptions.
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A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the investments measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows:
Purchases, Issuances, and Settlements (Net) (10,151) (2,894)
Interest and Dividend Income 5,535 618
The Company has commitments totaling $125.0 million for the private equity investments within the pension plans. The unfunded private equity commitment balance for each investment category as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, is as follows:
Funding for future private equity capital calls will come from existing pension plan assets and not from additional cash contributions into the Company’s pension plans.
Note G
Derivatives and Hedging
The Company uses hedging programs to manage price risk associated with commodity purchases. These programs utilize futures and options contracts to manage the Company’s exposure to price fluctuations in the commodities markets. The Company has determined its designated hedging programs to be highly effective in offsetting the changes in fair value or cash flows generated by the items hedged. Effectiveness testing is performed on a quarterly basis to ascertain a high level of effectiveness for cash flow and fair value hedging programs.
Cash Flow Hedges: The Company designates corn and lean hog futures and options used to offset price fluctuations in the Company’s future direct grain and hog purchases as cash flow hedges. Effective gains or losses related to these cash flow hedges are reported in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and reclassified into earnings, through Cost of Products Sold, in the period or periods in which the hedged transactions affect earnings. The Company typically does not hedge its grain exposure beyond the next two upcoming fiscal years and its hog exposure beyond the next fiscal year.
Fair Value Hedges: The Company designates the futures it uses to minimize the price risk assumed when fixed forward priced contracts are offered to the Company’s commodity suppliers as fair value hedges. The intent of the program is to make the forward priced commodities cost nearly the same as cash market purchases at the date of delivery. Changes in the fair value of the futures contracts, along with the gain or loss on the hedged purchase commitment, are marked-to-market through earnings and recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a Current Asset and Liability, respectively. Effective gains or losses related to these fair value hedges are recognized through Cost of Products Sold in the period or periods in which the hedged transactions affect earnings.
Other Derivatives: The Company holds certain futures and options contract positions as part of a merchandising program and to manage the Company’s exposure to fluctuations in commodity markets. The Company has not applied hedge accounting to these positions. Activity related to derivatives not designated as hedges is immaterial to the consolidated financial statements.
Volume:As of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, the Company had the following outstanding commodity futures and options contracts related to its hedging programs:
Volume
Corn 26.0 million bushels 30.4 million bushels
Lean Hogs 153.7 million pounds 187.3 million pounds
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Fair Value of Derivatives:The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, are:
(in thousands) Fair Value(1)
Commodity Contracts Other Current Assets $ (1,330) $ 6,405
(1) Amounts represent the gross fair value of derivative assets and liabilities. The Company nets the derivative assets and liabilities for each of its hedging programs, including cash collateral, when a master netting arrangement exists between the Company and the counterparty to the derivative contract. The amount or timing of cash collateral balances may impact the classification of the derivative in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The gross liability position as of October 25, 2020 is offset by cash collateral of $25.5 million contained within the master netting arrangement. The gross asset position as of October 27, 2019, is offset by cash owed of $4.0 million. See Note L - Fair Value Measurements for a discussion of these net amounts as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
Fair Value Hedge - Assets (Liabilities): The carrying amount of the Company’s fair value hedge assets (liabilities) as of October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, are:
(1) Amounts represent the carrying amount of fair value hedged assets and liabilities which are offset by other assets included in master netting arrangements described above.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Impact: As of October 25, 2020, the Company included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, hedging gains of $2.8 million (before tax) relating to its positions. The Company expects to recognize the majority of these gains over the next twelve months.
The effect of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for gains or losses (before tax) related to the Company's derivative instruments for the fiscal years ended October 25, 2020, and October 27, 2019, are:
(in thousands) Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended
(1) See Note I - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for the after-tax impact of these gains or losses on Net Earnings.
Consolidated Statements of Operations Impact: The effect on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for gains or losses (before tax, in thousands) related to the Company's derivative instruments for the fiscal years ended, are:
Cost of Products Sold
Cash Flow Hedges - Commodity Contracts
Amortization of Excluded Component from Options — (2,489) —
Gain (Loss) Due to Ineffectiveness — — (177)
Fair Value Hedges - Commodity Contracts
Gain (Loss) Due to Ineffectiveness — — (171)
Total Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings $ (24,642) $ 1,007 $ (2,256)
(1)Amounts represent gains or losses on commodity contracts designated as fair value hedges that were closed during the year, which were offset by a corresponding gain or loss on the underlying hedged purchase commitment. Additional gains or losses related to changes in the fair value of open commodity contracts, along with the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged purchase commitment, are also marked-to-market through earnings with no impact on a net basis.
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Note H
Investments In and Receivables From Affiliates
The Company accounts for its majority-owned operations under the consolidation method. Investments in which the Company owns a minority interest and for which there are no other indicators of control, are accounted for under the equity or cost method. These investments, along with any related receivables from affiliates, are included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as Investments In and Receivables From Affiliates.
Investments In and Receivables from Affiliates consists of:
(in thousands) Segment % Owned October 25, 2020 October 27, 2019
Other Joint Ventures International & Other Various (20 – 40%) 87,466 70,565
Equity in Earnings of Affiliates consists of:
Other Joint Ventures International & Other 3,653 525 5,984
Dividends received from affiliates for the fiscal years ended October 25, 2020, October 27, 2019, and October 28, 2018, were $37.5 million, $22.5 million, and $30.0 million, respectively.
The Company recognized a basis difference of $21.3 million associated with the formation of MegaMex Foods, LLC, of which $11.9 million is remaining as of October 25, 2020. This difference is being amortized through Equity in Earnings of Affiliates.
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Note I
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss are as follows:
Unrecognized Gains (Losses)
Reclassification into Net Earnings
Impact of Adoption of ASU:
Unrecognized Gains (Losses)
Reclassification into Net Earnings
Unrecognized Gains (Losses)
Reclassification into Net Earnings
(1) Included in computation of net periodic cost. See Note F - Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits for additional details.
(2) Included in Cost of Products Sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) Cumulative effect from the adoption of Accounting Standards Updates. See Note A - Significant Accounting Policies for additional details.
Note J
Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted comprehensive tax legislation into law, H.R. 1, commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act). Except for certain provisions, the Tax Act is effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. As a fiscal year U.S. taxpayer, the majority of the provisions, such as eliminating the domestic manufacturing deduction, creating new taxes on certain foreign sourced income, and introducing new limitations on certain business deductions, became effective for the Company in fiscal 2019. The global intangible low taxed income (GILTI) and foreign derived intangible income (FDII) provisions became effective for fiscal 2019 and resulted in an immaterial impact to the Company. For fiscal 2018, the most significant impacts included lowering of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate, remeasuring certain net deferred tax liabilities, and the transition tax on the deemed repatriation of certain foreign earnings. The phase-in of the lower federal corporate income tax rate resulted in a 21.0 percent tax rate for fiscal 2019 and a blended tax rate of 23.4 percent for fiscal 2018,
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as compared to the pretax reform federal corporate income tax rate of 35.0 percent. The tax rate will continue to be 21.0 percent in subsequent fiscal years.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, which provides guidance for companies related to the Tax Act. ASU 2018-05 allows for a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the Tax Act to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts. The Company made reasonable estimates to record a net tax benefit of $72.9 million during fiscal 2018. This provisional net tax benefit included a benefit of $81.2 million from re-measuring the Company's net U.S. deferred tax liabilities, partially offset by the Company's accrual for the transition tax and other U.S. tax law changes of $8.3 million. The Company completed its provisional tax analysis during the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and did not record any significant adjustments to the provisional amounts booked in fiscal 2018.
With respect to the Tax Act provision on GILTI, the Company has elected to treat GILTI as a period cost.
The components of the Provision for Income Taxes are as follows:
Current
Deferred