FLL US Equity☆

10-K

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fll-20201231x10k.htm

10-K

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

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For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2020

For the transition period from ____ to ____

Commission File No. 001-32583

FULL HOUSE RESORTS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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(State or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer

Incorporation or Organization) Identification No.)

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One Summerlin, 1980 Festival Plaza Drive, Suite 680, Las Vegas, Nevada 89135

(Address and zip code of principal executive offices)

(702) 221-7800

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class Trading Symbol Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.0001 per Share FLL The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ◻ No þ

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ◻ No þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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Large accelerated filer ◻ ​ Accelerated filer ◻ ​ Emerging growth company ☐

Non-accelerated filer þ ​ Smaller reporting company þ ​ ​ ​

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No þ

The aggregate market value of Registrant’s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, as of June 30, 2020 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), was: $33.4 million. As of March 10, 2021, there were 27,124,292 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

The information required by Part III of this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating tothe annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2021, which definitive proxy statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.

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FULL HOUSE RESORTS, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I ​

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Item 1. Business 3

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Forward-Looking Statements 9

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Item 1A. Risk Factors 10

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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 30

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Item 2. Properties 30

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings 32

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 32

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PART II ​

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data 32

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 49

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 50

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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 81

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Item 9B. Other Information 81

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PART III ​

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Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 82

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Item 11. Executive Compensation 82

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Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 82

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PART IV ​

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Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 83

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SIGNATURES 86

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

Introduction

Formed as a Delaware corporation in 1987, Full House Resorts, Inc. owns, leases, operates, develops, manages, and/or invests in casinos and related hospitality and entertainment facilities. References in this document to “Full House,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Full House Resorts, Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where stated or the context otherwise indicates.

The following table presents selected information concerning our casino resort properties as of December 31, 2020:

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Property Location

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel ​ Hancock County, MS(near New Orleans)

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel ​ Cripple Creek, CO(near Colorado Springs)

Rising Star Casino Resort ​ Rising Sun, IN(near Cincinnati)

Stockman’s Casino ​ Fallon, NV(one hour east of Reno)

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We manage our casinos based on geographic regions within the United States. Accordingly, Stockman’s Casino and Grand Lodge Casino comprise our Northern Nevada business segment, while Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel, Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel, and Rising Star Casino Resort are currently distinct segments. Results related to our sports wagering agreements in Colorado are included in the Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel segment, and results related to our sports wagering agreements in Indiana are included in the Rising Star Casino Resort segment. Our corporate headquarters is in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Our mission is to maximize stockholder value. We seek to increase revenues by providing our customers with their favorite games and amenities, high-quality customer service, and appropriate customer loyalty programs. Our customers include nearby residents who represent a high potential for repeat visits, along with drive-in tourist patrons. We continuously focus on improving the operating margins of our existing properties through a combination of revenue growth and expense management efforts. The casino resort industry is capital-intensive, and we rely on the ability of our properties to generate operating cash flow to pay interest, repay debt, and fund maintenance and certain growth-related capital expenditures. We also continually assess the potential impact of growth and development opportunities, including capital investments at our existing properties, the development of new properties, and the acquisition of existing properties.

Our casino properties generally operate 24 hours each day, 365 days per year. We also operate the hotel, food and beverage, and other on-site operations at Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel (“Silver Slipper”), Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel (“Bronco Billy’s”), Rising Star Casino Resort (“Rising Star”) and Stockman’s Casino (“Stockman’s”), as well as a golf course, recreational vehicle (RV) park and ferry service at Rising Star and an RV park at Silver Slipper. At Grand Lodge Casino (“Grand Lodge”), the adjoining hotel and the food and beverage outlets are managed by Hyatt Regency Lake Tahoe Resort, Spa and Casino (“Hyatt Lake Tahoe”).

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Operating Properties

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel

The Silver Slipper is the western-most casino on the Mississippi Gulf Coast, midway between Biloxi, Mississippi and New Orleans, Louisiana. The property sits at the western end of an approximately eight-mile-long white sand beach, the closest such beach to the New Orleans and Baton Rouge metropolitan areas. Its customers are primarily from communities in southwestern Mississippi and southern Louisiana, including the North Shore of Lake Pontchartrain and the New Orleans and Baton Rouge metropolitan areas. In addition to its large, modern casino, the Silver Slipper includes 129 hotel rooms or suites, an on-site sportsbook, a fine-dining restaurant, a buffet, a quick-service restaurant, an oyster bar, a casino bar and a beachfront pool and bar. The Silver Slipper currently generates the most revenue and operating income of any of our properties.

The primary lease for the Silver Slipper includes approximately 38 acres, consisting of the seven-acre parcel on which the casino and hotel is situated and approximately 31 acres of marshlands. The lease term ends in April 2058. From April 1, 2022 through October 1, 2027, we have the option to buy out the lease, but have yet to make such determination.

We also manage a nearby 37-space beachfront RV park under a management contract, which expires on March 31, 2025, unless canceled by either party with prior notice of 180 days.

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel

Bronco Billy’s is located in Cripple Creek, Colorado, a historical gold mining town located approximately one hour southwest of Colorado Springs and two hours from Denver. Its customers are primarily from the Colorado Springs/Pueblo/Cañon City metropolitan area, the second-largest metropolitan area in Colorado, with a population of approximately 900,000 residents. Its secondary market, the Denver metropolitan area, has a population of approximately four million people. Bronco Billy’s occupies a significant portion of the key city block of Cripple Creek’s “casino strip.” In addition to gaming space, it currently offers 36 hotel rooms, a steakhouse and four casual dining outlets. Bronco Billy’s owns much of its real estate, but also leases certain parking lots and buildings, including a portion of the hotel and casino, under a long-term lease. The lease has six renewal options in three-year increments through 2035, and we have the right to buy out the lease at any time during its term. We also commenced a three-year lease in August 2018 for a key corner on our block, which also includes an option to extend or buy out the lease.

We are allowed to offer online sports wagering through three sports “skins” in Colorado. Rather than operate these sports skins ourselves, we contracted with three companies to operate such skins under their own brands in exchange for a percentage of revenues, as defined in each contract, subject to annual minimum amounts. For Colorado, the sum of the minimum annual amounts is $3.5 million. If our percentage-share of sports revenue exceeds our contractual minimums, then we should receive in excess of $3.5 million on an annualized basis. We incur minimal expenses related to these revenues. As of December 31, 2020, two of the three skins had begun operations, with the other operator still in the regulatory process that must be satisfied in order to operate.

In 2018, we began planning and design work on a new and distinct, luxury hotel and casino, to be located adjacent to Bronco Billy’s in Cripple Creek (the “Cripple Creek Project”). Following changes made to the state’s gaming laws in November 2020, including the elimination of betting limits and the approval of new table games, we increased the size of the Cripple Creek Project by 67% to approximately 300 luxury guest rooms and suites, from our previously planned 180 guest rooms. Such plans were approved by the Cripple Creek Historic Preservation Commission and Cripple Creek City Council in January and February 2021. The expected investment to complete the Cripple Creek expansion is $180 million, for which we secured funding in February 2021 through the issuance of our new 8.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “2028 Notes”) (see Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”). We restarted construction on the Cripple Creek Project in February 2021, with completion expected in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Rising Star Casino Resort

Rising Star is located on the banks of the Ohio River in Rising Sun, Indiana, approximately one hour from Cincinnati, Ohio, and within two hours of Indianapolis, Indiana, and Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky. In addition to its casino, Rising

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Star offers a contiguous 190-guest-room hotel, an adjacent leased 104-guest-room hotel, a 56-space RV park, four dining outlets, and an 18-hole golf course. The 104-guest-room hotel is leased pursuant to an agreement that expires in 2027 and contains a bargain purchase option, whereby we have the right to purchase the hotel and the landlord has the right to put the hotel to us, in both cases for $1 if exercised upon maturity of the lease. We also own 1.3 acres located in Burlington, Kentucky that is used as part of our ferry boat operations, as further described below.

We have completed several capital projects in recent years. In 2018, we renovated the entry pavilion and the adjoining hotel’s lobby and hallways. We also commenced operations of a ferry boat service that connects the more populous Boone County, Kentucky to our Rising Star property in Indiana. In the second half of 2019, we renovated and rebranded a casual restaurant as the new “Ben’s Bistro.”

We are allowed to offer online sports wagering through three sports “skins” in Indiana. As in Colorado, we contracted with three companies to operate such skins under their own brands in exchange for a percentage of revenues, as defined in each contract, subject to annual minimum amounts. As in Colorado, the sum of the minimum annual amounts in Indiana is $3.5 million with minimal expected expenses, so that the total between the six contracts and two states is $7 million per year. If our percentage-share of sports revenue exceeds our contractual minimums in one or more contracts, then we should receive in excess of $7 million on an annualized basis. As of December 31, 2020, one of the three skins in Indiana had begun operations, with the other operators still in the regulatory process that must be satisfied in order to operate.

Northern Nevada

Stockman’s Casino

Stockman’s is located in Churchill County, Nevada, approximately one hour from Reno, Nevada. Stockman’s primarily serves the local market of Fallon and surrounding areas, including the nearby Naval Air Station, which is the Navy’s premier air training facility, informally referred to as the “Top Gun” school. In addition to its casino, Stockman’s offers a bar, fine-dining restaurant and coffee shop. In 2018, we completed numerous external improvements to the property, including a new porte cochère. In late 2019, we completed a significant renovation and rebranding of the Stockman’s steakhouse.

Grand Lodge Casino

We operate Grand Lodge at the Hyatt Lake Tahoe under a lease with Hyatt Equities, L.L.C. (“Hyatt”). Grand Lodge is located within the Hyatt Lake Tahoe in Incline Village, Nevada on the north shore of Lake Tahoe and includes approximately 20,990 square feet of leased space. The Hyatt Lake Tahoe is one of three AAA Four Diamond hotels in the Lake Tahoe area. Its customers consist of both locals and tourists visiting the Lake Tahoe area.

Government Regulation

The gaming industry is highly regulated, and we must maintain our licenses and pay gaming taxes to continue our operations. Each of our casinos is subject to extensive regulation under the laws, rules, and regulations of the jurisdiction in which it is located. These laws, rules, and regulations generally concern the responsibility, financial stability, and character of the owners, managers, and persons with financial interests in the gaming operations and include, without limitation, the following conditions and restrictions:

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Violations of gaming laws in one jurisdiction could result in disciplinary action in other jurisdictions. A summary of the governmental gaming regulations to which we are subject is filed as Exhibit 99.1 and is herein incorporated by reference.

Our businesses are also subject to other various federal, state, and local laws and regulations. These laws and regulations include, but are not limited to, restrictions and conditions concerning alcoholic beverages, smoking, environmental matters, employees, currency transactions, taxation, zoning and building codes, construction, land use, and marketing and advertising. We also deal with significant amounts of cash in our operations and are subject to various reporting and anti-money laundering regulations. Such laws and regulations could change or could be interpreted differently in the future, or new laws and regulations could be enacted. Material changes, new laws or regulations, or material differences in interpretations by courts or governmental authorities could adversely affect our operating results. See “Item 1A – Risk Factors” for additional discussion.

Costs and Effects of Compliance with Environmental Laws

We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations that govern our operations, including emissions and discharges into the environment, and the handling and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and wastes. For example, our Indiana property is subject to environmental regulations for its riverboat, ferry boat and golf club operations. Our Mississippi property is located near environmental wetlands. In Colorado, we are building a major new casino hotel and such construction must also adhere to certain environmental regulations. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could result in costs for corrective action, penalties or the imposition of other liabilities or restrictions. We also are subject to laws and regulations that impose liability and clean-up responsibility for releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Under certain of these laws and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of the property may be liable for the costs of remediating contaminated soil or groundwater on or from its property, without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or caused, the contamination, and may also incur liability to third parties impacted by such contamination. The presence of contamination, or failure to remediate it properly, may adversely affect our ability to use, sell or rent the property. To date, none of these matters or other matters arising under environmental laws has had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations; however, we cannot assure you that such matters will not have such an effect in the future.

Competition

The gaming industry is highly competitive. Gaming activities with which we compete include traditional commercial casinos and casino resorts in various states including on tribal lands and at racetracks, state-sponsored lotteries, video poker in restaurants, bars and hotels, pari-mutuel betting on horse and dog racing and jai alai, sports betting and card rooms. We also face competition from Internet lotteries, sweepstakes, and other Internet gaming services, beyond those in which we participate. Internet gaming services allow customers to wager on a wide variety of sporting events and play Las Vegas-style casino games from home or in non-casino settings. Although there is no evidence to date that this has been the case, this could divert customers from our properties, and thus, adversely affect our business. All of our casinos, as well as other casinos that we may develop or acquire, compete with all these forms of gaming. We also compete with any new forms or jurisdictions of gaming that may be legalized, as well as with other types of entertainment. Some of our competitors have more personnel and greater financial or other resources than we do. The principal methods of competition are: location, with casinos located closer to the feeder markets at an advantage; casino, lodging, entertainment and other hospitality product quality in terms of facilities, customer service and ease of access; breadth of offerings, including the types of casino games and other non-gaming amenities; and marketing, including the amount, quality, and frequency of promotions offered to guests.

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel

Silver Slipper is closer to St. Tammany Parish, one of the most affluent and fastest-growing parishes in Louisiana, than the several casinos in New Orleans and Baton Rouge. Louisiana law permits 15 riverboat casinos, one land-based casino, four casinos at racetracks, and in certain areas, a limited number of slot machines at qualifying truck stops. The legislation permitting riverboat and truck stop casinos required a local referendum and, at the time such legalization occurred, it was rejected by St. Tammany Parish voters. At this time, all licenses for riverboat casinos in Louisiana have been granted and only one of such

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casinos is not currently in operation. Mississippi does not have a limitation on the number of casino licenses, but requires casinos in certain southern counties to be within approximately 800 feet of the shoreline, as defined by state law. There are occasionally proposals to relocate casinos within Louisiana or to develop new casinos in Mississippi, but there are considerable political and economic constraints on such potential competition, and management does not believe such efforts will be successful in the foreseeable future.

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel and the New Cripple Creek Casino Hotel

Bronco Billy’s is located in Cripple Creek, Colorado, which is a historical gold mining town located approximately one hour southwest of Colorado Springs, on the west side of Pikes Peak. Cripple Creek is one of only three cities in Colorado where commercial gaming is permitted. The other two cities adjoin each other and are approximately one hour west of Denver. Two Native American gaming operations exist in southwestern Colorado and there are tribal casinos in Oklahoma, but these are much further from Colorado Springs than Cripple Creek. There are no federally-recognized Native American tribes in the Colorado Front Range, which includes Denver and Colorado Springs. As of December 31, 2020, we believe that Bronco Billy’s was amongst the largest of the seven gaming facilities operating in Cripple Creek. One of those competitors is currently adding a 100-guest-room hotel, expected to open in 2021. The Company’s new casino hotel, which just began construction, will be significantly larger and is planned to be higher in quality than any of the existing casinos in Cripple Creek.

Rising Star Casino Resort

Rising Star Casino Resort is located on the banks of the Ohio River in Rising Sun, Indiana, approximately one hour from Cincinnati, Ohio, and within two hours of Indianapolis, Indiana, and Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky. One of three riverboat casinos in southeastern Indiana, its closest competitors are each approximately 15 miles away, near bridges crossing the Ohio River. There is no bridge at Rising Star, but in September 2018, we commenced a ferry boat service connecting Rising Sun, Indiana, to the populous Northern Kentucky region. Rising Star also competes with a large casino near Louisville, which completed a significant investment to transition from a dockside riverboat casino to a new land-based casino in December 2019; casinos in Ohio and elsewhere in Indiana; and slot parlors associated with racetracks in Kentucky. In January 2020, the racetrack casinos near Indianapolis, which were previously limited to slot machines, began offering live table games.

Northern Nevada

Stockman’s Casino

Stockman’s Casino is the largest of several casinos in Churchill County, Nevada, which has a population of approximately 25,000 residents. Churchill County is also the home of Naval Air Station Fallon, the United States Navy’s premier air training facility, informally referred to as the “Top Gun” school. While the Navy appears to be currently expanding its base in Fallon, a reduction of its activities at the base would likely have an adverse effect on Stockman’s results of operations. Fallon is approximately 30 minutes east of the new large Tesla battery factory and other developments in the Tahoe-Reno Industrial Center. Stockman’s also competes with casinos in other rural communities in the area, as well as with casinos in Reno, some of which are significantly larger and offer more amenities.

Grand Lodge Casino

Grand Lodge is located in Incline Village, Nevada, and is one of four casinos located within a five-mile radius in the North Lake Tahoe area. A hotel five miles away, which has been closed for several years, was sold recently and may re-open in the future, potentially with an additional competing casino.

Grand Lodge Casino also competes with casinos in South Lake Tahoe and Reno. There are also numerous Native American casinos in California serving the Northern California market.

Marketing

Our marketing efforts are conducted through various means, including our customer loyalty programs and specialized marketing campaigns, such as our seasonal “Christmas Casino” event at Rising Star Casino Resort. We advertise through various

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channels, including radio, television, Internet, billboards, newspapers and magazines, direct mail, email and social media. We also maintain websites to inform customers about our properties and utilize social media sites to promote our brands, unique events, and special deals. Our customer loyalty programs include the Slipper Rewards Club, the Bronco Billy’s Mile High Rewards Club, the Rising Star VIP Club, the Grand Lodge Players Advantage Club®, and the Stockman’s Winner’s Club. Under these programs, customers earn points based on their volume of wagering that may be redeemed for various benefits, such as “free play,” complimentary dining, and hotel stays.

Our properties do not have coordinated loyalty programs, due to the disparate locations of our properties. Instead, our loyalty programs focus on providing each casino’s customers the amenities they most prefer in each market.

Employees

As of March 1, 2021, we had 13 full-time corporate employees, three of whom are executive officers. Our casino properties had 911 full-time and 227 part-time employees as follows:

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​ Full-time Part-time

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel ​ 419 ​ 83

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel ​ 148 ​ 37

Rising Star Casino Resort ​ 228 ​ 70

Grand Lodge Casino ​ 72 ​ 33

Stockman’s Casino 44 4

Corporate 13 —

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We believe that our relationship with our employees is excellent. None of our employees are currently represented by labor unions.

Available Information

Our principal executive offices are located at Full House Resorts, Inc., One Summerlin, 1980 Festival Plaza Drive, Suite 680, Las Vegas, Nevada 89135, and our telephone number is (702) 221-7800. Our website address is www.fullhouseresorts.com. We make available, free of charge, on or through our Internet website, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Our Internet website and information contained on our Internet website are not part of this annual report on Form 10-K and are not incorporated by reference herein.

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) for which the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor. These forward-looking statements can be identified by use of terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “plans,” “intends,” “objectives,” “goals,” “aims,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “future,” “possible,” “seeks,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “will,” “might,” “likely,” “enable,” or similar words or expressions, as well as statements containing phrases such as “in our view,” “we cannot assure you,” “although no assurance can be given,” or “there is no way to anticipate with certainty.” Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our plans, beliefs or expectations regarding our growth strategies; the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic; our development and expansion plans, including the estimated commencement, completion and opening timeline for the new Cripple Creek casino hotel; our investments in capital improvements and other projects, including the amounts of such investments, the timing of commencement or completion of such capital improvements and projects and the resulting impact on our financial results; our sports revenue agreements with third-party providers, including the expected revenues and expenses and the expected timing for the launch of the sports betting “skins” related thereto; the Waukegan proposal, including our ability to obtain the casino license and, if we are awarded such license, to obtain financing; management’s expectation to exercise its buyout option on the Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel; adequacy of our financial resources to fund operating requirements and planned capital expenditures and to meet our debt and contractual obligations; expected sources of revenue; anticipated sources of funds; anticipated or potential legislative actions; beliefs in connection with our marketing efforts; factors that affect the financial performance of our properties; adequacy of our insurance; competitive outlook; outcome of legal matters; impact of recently issued accounting standards; and estimates regarding certain accounting and tax matters, among others.

Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the factors as discussed throughout Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and Part II, Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of future developments, events or conditions, except as required by law. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ significantly from those forecast in any forward-looking statements.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

An investment in our securities is subject to risks inherent to our business. We have described below what we currently believe to be the material risks and uncertainties in our business. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We also face other risks and uncertainties beyond what is described below. This Annual Report on Form 10-K is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. If this were to happen, the value of securities, including our common stock, could decline significantly. You could lose all or part of your investment.

Summary of Risk Factors

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The following is a summary of the risk factors discussed in “Item 1A – Risk Factors” in Part I of this Form 10-K. This summary should be read in conjunction with those Risk Factors and should not be relied upon as an exhaustive summary of the material risks facing our business.

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Risks Related to our Business and Operations

● Significant competition from other gaming and entertainment operations.

● We depend on our key personnel.

● Rising operating costs at our gaming properties.

● We face the risk of fraud and cheating.

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Risks Related to Development and Growth Opportunities

● We face a number of challenges prior to opening new or upgraded facilities.

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Risks Related to our Indebtedness

● Our loans under the CARES Act may be subject to regulatory review.

● We and our subsidiaries may still be able to incur substantially more debt.

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Risks Related to our Legal and Regulatory Environment

● Changes in legislation and regulation of our business.

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Risks Related to Technology

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General Risks

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Risks Related to our Business and Operations

The outbreak of COVID-19 (coronavirus) has significantly impacted the global economy, including the gaming industry, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.

The coronavirus pandemic and the efforts to contain it have significantly impacted the global economy, including the gaming industry in the United States and abroad. The ongoing outbreak has resulted in extended shutdowns of non-essential businesses around the world, including our own casinos for approximately three months, beginning in March 2020. While our casinos have reopened from such shutdowns, we currently operate under capacity restrictions, including limitations on the number of guests permitted in our buildings, the number of slot machines and table games that we are permitted to operate, the maximum occupancy in our restaurants, and the hours during which we are permitted to serve alcoholic beverages. We continue to have restrictions on concerts or special events that we have historically used to bring customers to our properties. Furthermore, governments have discouraged all non-essential movement and/or ordered social distancing and sheltering-in-place in an effort to help control the transmission of the coronavirus.

The current circumstances are dynamic and the impacts of the coronavirus on our business operations, including the duration and impact on overall customer demand, is ongoing and uncertain. For example, since our casinos have been allowed to reopen, some guests have chosen to not travel or visit our properties for health concerns, which has led to lower occupancy and lower room rates at our hotels. Additional closures or disruptions in our casino business would likely have a negative impact on our business and operating results. As the coronavirus continues to spread in the United States, we may elect on a voluntary basis to again close certain of our properties or portions thereof, or governmental officials may order additional closures or impose further restrictions on travel or on our operations, including the number of people allowed in our casino or perhaps sitting at any specific table game or bank of slot machines. Even as vaccines are becoming more readily available, the pandemic may still have the potential to have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Any of these events could result in significant disruptions to our operations and a drop in demand for our hotel-casino properties and could have a material adverse effect on us. Our operations could also be negatively affected if employees elect to stay home or are quarantined as the result of exposure to the virus. In addition, our reliance on third-party suppliers for food and other services, as well as construction materials and construction labor, exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these and similar goods and services. Such operational disruptions could increase our costs, further decrease our operating efficiencies and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Furthermore, any reductions in marketing or labor expenses as a result of limited operations may not continue following the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which the coronavirus impacts our results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain, including the duration and impact on overall customer demand, new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the coronavirus, and the actions to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact, among others.

A prolonged closure of our casinos would negatively impact our ability to service our debt.

Our casinos are our primary sources of income and operating cash flows which we rely upon to remain in compliance with debt covenants under any indebtedness we may incur and meet our obligations when due. As noted above, due to the coronavirus pandemic, our operations at our casinos and hotels are currently operating at reduced capacity, after approximately three months of temporary closures approximately a year ago, and there is uncertainty as to if additional closures will occur. Because we operate in several different jurisdictions, we are subject to different legal and market conditions in order to remain open. Although we believe we have sufficient resources to fund our currently-reduced operations for a period of time, we have no control over and cannot predict the length of current operating restrictions or future closures of our casinos and hotels due to the pandemic. If we are unable to generate revenues from our casinos due to new and prolonged periods of closure or experience significant declines in business volumes, this would negatively impact our ability to meet our payment obligations. In

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such an event, we could seek to amend our debt agreements, though there is no certainty that we would be successful in such efforts. Additionally, we could seek additional liquidity through the issuance of new debt or equity, or through the sale of certain assets. Our ability to obtain additional financing would depend in part on factors outside of our control. If there is a prolonged closure of our casinos and hotels, or we are unable to obtain additional capital, we may not be able to pay our obligations as they become due and could risk default under our indebtedness, including the 2028 Notes, upon which the amounts outstanding could be accelerated.

We face significant competition from other gaming and entertainment operations.

The gaming industry is characterized by an increasingly high degree of competition among a large number of participants, including casinos, racetrack casinos, sports betting, video lottery, poker machines not located in casinos, Native American gaming, social gaming and other forms of gaming. Furthermore, competition from Internet lotteries, sweepstakes, and other Internet gaming services, which allow customers to wager on a wide variety of sporting events and play casino games from home or in non-casino settings, including those offered by companies affiliated with us, could divert customers from our properties and thus materially and adversely affect our business. Additionally, there are often proposals to further legalize Internet gaming in a number of states and at the federal level. Several states, including Nevada, New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania, have enacted legislation authorizing intrastate Internet gaming and Internet gaming operations have begun in these states. Expansion of Internet gaming in other jurisdictions could further compete with our traditional operations, which could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

In a broader sense, our gaming operations face competition from all manner of leisure and entertainment activities, including other non-gaming resorts and vacation destinations, shopping, athletic events, television and movies, concerts, and travel. Legalized gaming is currently permitted in various forms throughout the U.S., in several Canadian provinces and on various lands taken into trust for the benefit of certain Native Americans in the U.S. and Canada. New jurisdictions may legalize gaming and established gaming jurisdictions could award additional gaming licenses or permit the expansion or relocation of existing gaming operations. New, relocated or expanded operations by other persons could increase competition for our gaming operations and could have a material adverse impact on us. Gaming competition is intense in most of the markets where we operate. In most markets, we compete directly with other casino facilities operating in the immediate and surrounding market areas. In some markets, we face competition from nearby markets in addition to direct competition within our market areas. As competing properties and new markets are opened, our operating results may be negatively impacted. In addition, some of our direct competitors in certain markets may have superior facilities and/or operating conditions. We expect each existing or future market in which we participate to be highly competitive. The competitive position of each of our casino properties is discussed in “Item 1. Business – Competition”.

We may face revenue declines if discretionary consumer spending drops due to an economic downturn.

Our revenues are highly dependent upon the volume and spending levels of customers at our properties and, as such, our business has been in the past, and could be in the future, adversely impacted by economic downturns. Decreases in discretionary consumer spending brought about by weakened general economic conditions such as, but not limited to, lackluster recoveries from recessions, pandemics, epidemics, widespread health emergencies, or outbreaks of infectious diseases such as the coronavirus, high unemployment levels, higher income taxes, low levels of consumer confidence, weakness in the housing market, cultural and demographic changes, and increased stock market volatility may negatively impact our revenues and operating cash flow. For example, the coronavirus is expected to have indeterminable adverse effects on the global economy, including the United States, such as an economic slowdown and it is possible that it could cause a global recession. This could lead to a reduction in discretionary spending by our guests on entertainment and leisure activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, cash flow and results of operations. Furthermore, during periods of economic contraction, our revenues may decrease while many of our costs remain fixed and some costs may increase, resulting in decreased earnings.

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We cannot assure you that any of our contracted sports betting parties, through the use of our permitted website “skins,” will be able to compete effectively, that our contracted sports parties will have the ability and/or willingness to sustain sports betting operations should they experience an extended period of unprofitability, or that we will have the ability to replace existing partners or vendors on similar terms as our existing revenue guarantees.

Our contracted sports betting parties, through the use of our permitted website “skins,” compete in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive market against an increasing number of competitors. The success of their sports betting operations is dependent on a number of factors that are beyond our and their control, including the ultimate tax rates and license fees charged by jurisdictions across the United States; their ability to gain market share in a newly developing market; the timeliness and the technological and popular viability of their products; their ability to compete with new entrants in the market; changes in consumer demographics and public tastes and preferences; and the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment. While our current agreements with our contracted sports betting parties provide us with contractual minimums for revenue upon their launch of operations, we cannot assure you that any of our contracted sports parties will be able to compete effectively or that they will have the ability or willingness to sustain sports betting operations for an extended period of unprofitability. Should any of our contracted sports betting parties cease operations, whether due to unprofitability or for other reasons, there can be no assurance that we will be able to replace them on similar terms as our existing agreements.

Marine transportation is inherently risky, and insurance may be insufficient to cover losses that may occur to our assets or result from our ferry boat operations.

The operation of our vessel is subject to various inherent risks, including:

● catastrophic marine disasters and accidents;

● adverse weather conditions or natural disasters;

● mechanical failure or equipment damage;

● hazardous substance spills; and

● navigation and human errors.

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The occurrence of any of these events may result in, among other things, damage to or loss of our vessel, damage to other vessels and the environment, loss of revenues, short-term or long-term interruption of ferry boat service, termination of our vessel charter or other contracts, fines, penalties or other restrictions on conducting business, damage to our reputation and customer relationships, and death or injury to personnel and passengers. Such occurrences may also result in a significant increase in our operating costs or liability to third parties.

We derive our revenues and operating income from our casino resort properties located in Mississippi, Colorado, Indiana and Nevada, and are especially subject to certain risks, including economic and competitive risks, associated with the conditions in those areas and in the states from which we draw patrons.

Because we derive our revenues and operating income from properties concentrated in four states, we are subject to greater risks from regional conditions than a gaming company with operating properties in a greater number of different geographic regions. A decrease in revenues from, or an increase in costs for, one of these locations is likely to have a proportionally greater impact on our business and operations than it would for a gaming company with more geographically diverse operating properties. Risks from regional conditions include the following:

● regional economic conditions;

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Some of our casino resort operations are located on leased property. If the lessor of the Grand Lodge Casino exercises its buyout rights or if we default on this or certain of our other leases, the applicable lessors could terminate the affected leases and we could lose possession of the affected casino.

We lease certain parcels of land at our Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel in Mississippi, certain land and buildings at Bronco Billy’s Hotel and Casino in Colorado (much of which is to be utilized for the new Cripple Creek casino hotel) and one of the two hotels at our Rising Star Casino Resort in Indiana. We also lease casino space at our Grand Lodge Casino in Nevada. As a lessee, we have the right to use the leased land, hotel or space, as applicable; however, we do not hold fee ownership. Accordingly, unless we have a purchase option and exercise such option, we will have no interest in the improvements thereon at the expiration of the leases. We have such purchase options on the leased property at the Silver Slipper, Bronco Billy’s and for the leased hotel at Rising Star, but it is either currently more advantageous for us to continue to lease rather than exercise the buyout option, or we have certain restrictions which only allow us to exercise the purchase option during certain future time periods. Under certain circumstances and at the expirations of the underlying leases, we might be forced to exercise our buyout options in order to continue to operate those properties. There is no certainty that the funds could be raised at that time at a reasonable cost, or at all, to exercise some or all of the buyout options. The operating lease at the Grand Lodge Casino, which is set to expire on August 31, 2023, includes certain lessor buyout rights based upon a multiple of EBITDA that, if exercised, could result in the lessor purchasing our leasehold interest and the operating assets on terms that may be less than fair market value or financially unfavorable to us. Since we do not completely control the land, buildings, hotel and space underlying our leased properties, a lessor could take certain actions to disrupt our rights under the long-term leases which are beyond our control. If the entity owning any leased land, buildings, hotel or space chose to disrupt our use either permanently or for a significant period of time, then the value of our assets could be impaired and our business and operations could be adversely affected. If we were to default on the lease, the lessor could terminate the affected lease and we could lose possession of the affected land, buildings, hotel or space and any improvements thereon. The loss of the lease through exercise of buyout rights or through termination upon default could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations as we would then be unable to operate all or portions of the affected facilities, which, in turn, may result in a default under our debt agreements.

Adverse weather conditions, road construction, gasoline shortages and other factors affecting our facilities and the areas in which we operate could make it more difficult for potential customers to travel to our properties and deter customers from visiting our properties.

Our continued success depends upon our ability to draw customers from each of the geographic markets in which we operate. Adverse weather conditions or road construction can deter our customers from traveling to our facilities or make it difficult for them to frequent our properties. In recent years, there were severe cold temperatures that we believe adversely affected our Indiana and Mississippi properties’ financial performance and historically low snow levels in the Lake Tahoe region adversely affected visitation and financial performance at Grand Lodge. Bronco Billy’s in recent years was adversely affected by nearby forest fires, as well as the subsequent flooding of its access roads due to lack of vegetation (from the forest fires) on hills above such roads. Moreover, gasoline shortages or fuel price increases could make it more difficult for potential customers to travel to our properties and deter customers from visiting. Our dockside gaming facility in Indiana, as well as any additional riverboat or dockside casino properties that might be developed or acquired, are also subject to risks, in addition to those associated with land-based casinos, which could disrupt our operations. Although our Indiana casino vessel does not leave its moorings in normal operations, there are risks associated with the movement or mooring of vessels on waterways, including risks of casualty due to river turbulence, flooding, collisions with other vessels and severe weather conditions. Our ferry boat that we operate at Rising Star has similar risks as our Indiana casino vessel, as well as additional risks related to ferry boat operations discussed above.

Our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by the occurrence of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, pandemics, epidemics, widespread health emergencies, or outbreaks of infectious diseases such as the coronavirus pandemic, or other catastrophic events, including war, terrorism and gun violence.

Natural disasters, such as major hurricanes, tornadoes, typhoons, floods, fires and earthquakes, could adversely affect our business and operating results. Hurricanes are common in the area in which our Mississippi property is located, and the severity of such natural disasters is unpredictable. In October 2020, Hurricane Zeta caused the temporary closure of the Silver Slipper and caused approximately $5 million of damage, most of which was covered by insurance. In 2005, Hurricanes Katrina

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and Rita caused significant damage in the Gulf Coast region. Additionally, our Indiana property is at risk of flooding due to its proximity to the Ohio River.

If a pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease, such as the recent coronavirus pandemic, occurs in the United States or on a global scale, our business may be adversely affected. As described elsewhere in these Risk Factors, such events may result in closures of our properties, a period of business disruption, and/or in reduced operations, any of which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Catastrophic events, such as terrorist and war activities in the United States and elsewhere, when they occur, have had a negative effect on travel and leisure expenditures, including lodging, gaming and tourism. Gun violence has also occurred at casinos, including a mass shooting at a casino in Las Vegas in 2017. We cannot accurately predict the extent to which such events may affect us, directly or indirectly, in the future. There also can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain or choose to purchase any insurance coverage with respect to occurrences of terrorist and violent acts and any losses that could result from these acts. If there is a prolonged disruption at our properties due to natural disasters, terrorist attacks or other catastrophic events, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Several of our properties, including Silver Slipper, Bronco Billy’s and Rising Star, are accessed by our customers via routes that have few alternatives.

The Silver Slipper is located at the end of a dead-end road, with no other access. Bronco Billy’s is accessed by most guests via a mountain pass; if that pass is closed for any reason, the alternative is longer. Rising Star’s primary access from Cincinnati is via a road alongside the Ohio River; if this road were to close, the alternative routes involve more winding roads through the rolling hills inland from the river or a ferry boat. If access to any of these roads is blocked for any significant period, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially affected.

We may incur property and other losses that are not adequately covered by insurance, including adequate levels of Weather Catastrophe Occurrence/Named Windstorm, Flood and Earthquake insurance coverage for our properties.

Although we maintain insurance that our management believes is customary and appropriate for our business, there can be no assurance that insurance will be available at reasonable costs in any given year or adequate to cover all losses and damage to which our business or our assets might be subjected. The lack of adequate insurance for certain types or levels of risk could expose us to significant losses in the event that a catastrophe occurred for which we are uninsured or under-insured. Any losses we incur that are not adequately covered by insurance may decrease our future operating income, require us to find replacements or repairs for destroyed property, and reduce the funds available for payments of our obligations. In addition, certain casualty events, such as labor strikes, nuclear events, acts of war, declines in visitation and loss of income due to fear of terrorism or other acts of violence, loss of electrical power due to catastrophic events, rolling blackouts or otherwise, deterioration or corrosion, insect or animal damage, pandemic-related shutdowns and pollution, may not be covered at all under our policies. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could, therefore, expose us to substantial uninsured losses.

There is no certainty that insurance companies will continue to offer insurance at acceptable rates, or at all, in hurricane-prone areas, including the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Some insurance companies may significantly limit the amount of coverage they will write in these markets and increase the premiums charged for this coverage. Additionally, uncertainty can occur as to the viability of certain insurance companies. While we believe that the insurance companies from which we have purchased insurance policies will remain solvent, there is no certainty that this will be the case.

We depend on our key personnel.

We are highly dependent on the services of our executive management team and other members of our senior management team. Our ability to attract and retain key personnel is affected by the competitiveness of our compensation packages and the other terms and conditions of employment, our continued ability to compete effectively against other gaming companies, and our growth prospects. The loss of the services of any members of our senior management team could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Higher wage and benefit costs could adversely affect our business.

While the majority of our employees earn more than the minimum wage in their relative jurisdictions and many receive medical plan benefits from us, changes in federal and state minimum wage laws and other laws relating to employee benefits, including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, have in the past, and could in the future, cause us to incur additional wage and benefits costs. Increased labor costs brought about by changes in either federal or state minimum wage laws, other regulations or prevailing market conditions have recently, and could in the future, further increase our expenses, which could have an adverse impact on our profitability, or decrease the number of employees we are able to employ, which could decrease customer service levels at our gaming facilities and therefore adversely impact revenues. For example, the state of Colorado increased its minimum wage to $11.10 in January 2019, $12.00 in January 2020 and again to $12.32 in January 2021. Thereafter it will be adjusted annually for cost-of-living increases, as measured by the Consumer Price Index used for Colorado. There is also the potential for an increase in the federal minimum wage, including a recent proposal to gradually increase it to $15.00.

Rising operating costs at our gaming properties could have a negative impact on our business.

The operating expenses associated with our gaming properties could increase due to, among other reasons, the following factors:

● availability and costs associated with insurance;

● increases in costs of labor;

If our operating expenses increase without any offsetting increase in our revenues, our results of operations would suffer.

We face the risk of fraud and cheating.

Our gaming customers may attempt or commit fraud or cheat in order to increase winnings. Acts of fraud or cheating could involve the use of counterfeit chips or other tactics, possibly in collusion with our employees. Internal acts of cheating could also be conducted by employees directly or through collusion with dealers, surveillance staff, floor managers or other casino or gaming area staff. Failure to discover such acts or schemes in a timely manner could result in losses in our gaming operations. In addition, negative publicity related to such schemes could have an adverse effect on our reputation, potentially causing a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Win rates for our gaming operations depend on a variety of factors, some beyond our control.

The gaming industry is characterized by an element of chance. In addition to the element of chance, win rates are also affected by other factors, including players’ skill and experience, the mix of games played, the financial resources of players, the spread of table limits, the volume of bets played and the amount of time played. Our gaming profits are mainly derived from the difference between our casino winnings and the casino winnings of our gaming customers. Since there is an inherent element of

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chance in the gaming industry, we do not have full control over our winnings or the winnings of our gaming customers. If our winnings do not exceed the winnings of our gaming customers by enough to cover our operating costs, we may record a loss from our gaming operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The concentration and evolution of the slot machine manufacturing industry could impose additional costs on us.

A majority of our revenues are attributable to slot machines and related systems operated by us at our gaming facilities. It is important, for competitive reasons, that we offer popular and up-to-date slot machine games to our customers. A substantial majority of the slot machines sold in the U.S. in recent years were manufactured by only a few companies, and there has been recent consolidation activity within the gaming equipment sector. In recent years, slot machine manufacturers have frequently refused to sell slot machines featuring the most popular games, instead requiring participation lease arrangements. Participation slot machine leasing arrangements typically require the payment of a fixed daily rental or a percentage payment of coin-in or net win. Generally, a participation lease is more expensive over the long term than the cost to purchase a new machine. For competitive reasons, we may be forced to purchase new slot machines or enter into participation lease arrangements that are more expensive than our current costs associated with the continued operation of our existing slot machines. If the newer slot machines do not result in sufficient incremental revenues to offset the increased investment and participation lease costs, it could hurt our profitability.

Our business may be adversely affected by legislation prohibiting tobacco smoking.

Legislation in various forms to ban indoor tobacco smoking has been enacted or introduced in jurisdictions in which we operate. Except for our casino in Colorado, the gaming areas of our properties are not currently subject to tobacco restrictions. While gaming areas have generally been exempted from these restrictions, if additional restrictions on smoking are enacted in jurisdictions in which we operate, we could experience a decrease in gaming revenue. This is particularly the case if such restrictions are not applicable to all competitive facilities in that gaming market.

We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility and reputation.

Many factors influence our reputation and the value of our brands, including the perception held by our customers, business partners, other key stakeholders and the communities in which we do business. Our business faces increasing scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance activities and risk of damage to our reputation and the value of our brands if we fail to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as diversity and inclusion, environmental stewardship, climate change, workplace conduct, human rights, philanthropy and support for local communities. Any harm to our reputation could impact employee engagement and retention and the willingness of customers and our partners to do business with us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows.

Risks Related to Development and Growth Opportunities

We are engaged from time to time in one or more construction and development projects, including the new Cripple Creek casino hotel, and many factors could prevent us from completing them as planned.

Construction of major buildings has certain inherent risks, including the risks of fire, structural collapse, human error and electrical, mechanical and plumbing malfunction. In addition, projects entail additional risks related to structural heights and the required use of cranes. Our development and expansion projects are exposed to significant risks, including:

● shortage of materials;

● shortage of skilled labor or work stoppages;

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● unanticipated cost increases or delays in completing the project;

● lack of sufficient, or delays in the availability of, financing;

● changes to plans or specifications;

● performance by contractors and subcontractors;

● disputes with contractors;

● personal injuries to workers and other persons;

● other unanticipated circumstances or cost increases.

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The occurrence of any of the foregoing could increase the total costs of a project, or delay or prevent its construction, development, expansion or opening. Escalating construction costs may cause us to modify the design and scope of projects from those initially contemplated or cause the budgets for those projects to be increased. We generally carry insurance to cover certain liabilities related to construction, but not all risks are covered, and it is uncertain whether such insurance will provide sufficient payment in a timely fashion even for those risks that are insured and material to us.

Construction of our development projects exposes us to risks of cost overruns due to typical construction uncertainties associated with any project or changes in the designs, plans or concepts of such projects. For these and other reasons, construction costs may exceed the estimated cost of completion.

We intend to construct an approximately 300-guest-room hotel in Cripple Creek, Colorado, adjoining and connected to our existing Bronco Billy’s casino. This expansion is expected to include a spa, rooftop pool, parking garage, convention and entertainment space, new restaurant, and an expanded and renovated casino, and this expansion is subject to all of the foregoing risks.

In addition to the risk factors noted above, our development of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel is exposed to the following significant risks:

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The construction costs for the new Cripple Creek casino hotel may exceed budgeted amounts plus contingencies, which may result in insufficient funds to complete the expansion of Bronco Billy’s.

We do not have final plans and specifications for construction of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel. Delays in the completion of those plans and specifications could delay completion of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel. In addition, completion of the plans and specifications while construction is in progress could cause inefficiencies, and certain items may need to be modified or replaced after they have been purchased, constructed or installed in order to conform to building code

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requirements or subsequently-developed plans and specifications. The Pre-Construction Services Agreement and Letter of Intent with our general contractor provides that the cost of construction may increase and the deadlines for the contractor’s obligations to complete construction may be adjusted for alterations in the project’s scope. We can give no assurance that changes in the scope of the expansion project will not increase the cost of the project or extend its completion date. We have established the total project budget based, in part, on our estimate of the cost of various construction goods and services for parts of the building that, in some cases, are not yet fully designed. If the actual cost with respect to these allowance items exceeds the estimated amount, we will be responsible for the payment of those excess amounts out of the cash flow from our other operations and from cash balances. Our cash flow or cash reserves may not be adequate at any given time to address balancing of the construction budget if there are increased costs. If our contingency, cash flow from operations and anticipated excess liquidity are insufficient to cover any shortfall, we may not have sufficient funds to complete the new Cripple Creek casino hotel without seeking additional capital or at all.

There is no assurance that the new Cripple Creek casino hotel will not be subject to additional regulatory restrictions, delays, or challenges.

We received approval of the plans for the new Cripple Creek casino hotel from the Cripple Creek Historic Preservation Commission and Cripple Creek City Council in January and February 2021, respectively. The two Ordinances that were approved in February 2021 do not become effective until 30 days after being published. During that 30-day period, a referendum petition with sufficient signatures could be collected and filed which would then refer the matter to a public vote. Additionally, as part of these approvals, the Cripple Creek City Council voted to amend the prior Development Agreement with Bronco Billy’s regarding the project, as an Amended & Restated Development Agreement. In the Amended & Restated Development Agreement, we are obligated to complete the project by December 31, 2022. If Bronco Billy’s does not complete the project by that date, the City may exercise its right of reversion for the previously vacated right of way of portions of 2nd Avenue and the alley. If the project is substantially underway at the deadline, it is likely that the City Council would agree to extend the deadline; however, there is no certainty that would be the case. Completion of the project could also be delayed by weather, labor shortages or other construction delays. There is no assurance that the new Cripple Creek casino hotel will not be subject to additional restrictions, delays, or challenges, as the project will also require at least the following administrative approvals: a development plan, approved construction drawings required for a building permit, and a certification of occupancy.

There is no assurance that the new Cripple Creek casino hotel will be successful.

In addition to the construction and regulatory risks associated with the development of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel, we cannot assure you that the level of consumer demand for that casino hotel will meet our expectations. The operating results of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel may be materially different than expected due to, among other factors, consumer spending and preferences in the geographic area, competition from other markets, or other developments that may be beyond our control. In addition, the new casino hotel may be more sensitive than anticipated by management to certain risks, including risks associated with downturns in the economy. Further, the new Cripple Creek casino hotel may not generate cash flows on our anticipated timeline. We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy with respect to the new Cripple Creek casino hotel, capital investments, and acquisitions. There is no assurance that the new Cripple Creek casino hotel will result in a more successful business operation, or that a more luxurious hotel, spa, and casino experience will increase clientele or revenues. There is no assurance that a more modern expansion will attract new visitors to a city with historic architecture. The occurrence of any of these issues could adversely affect our prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Failure to comply with the terms of our disbursement agreement could limit our access to funds.

In February 2021, we deposited approximately $180 million into the construction disbursement account. The funds in the construction disbursement account, which will be used to fund the completion of the design, development, construction, equipping and opening costs of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel, will be disbursed pursuant to the terms of our Cash Collateral and Disbursement Agreement. Funds will be distributed from this account only upon satisfaction of certain conditions, including the approval of the disbursements by an independent construction consultant, as contemplated by the Cash Collateral and Disbursement Agreement. If we fail to satisfy draw conditions or the independent construction consultant does not give its approval to construction draws, in each case under our Cash Collateral and Disbursement Agreement, we may not have access to funds when needed to pay such costs, which could cause delays in the construction of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel.

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We face a number of challenges prior to opening new or upgraded facilities.

No assurance can be given that, when we endeavor to open new or upgraded facilities, the expected timetables for opening such facilities will be met in light of the uncertainties inherent in the development of the regulatory framework, construction, the licensing process, legislative action and litigation. Delays in opening new or upgraded facilities could lead to increased costs and delays in receiving anticipated revenues with respect to such facilities and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may face disruption and other difficulties in integrating and managing facilities we have recently developed or acquired, or may develop or acquire in the future.

We may face certain challenges as we integrate the operational and administrative systems of recently developed or acquired facilities into our business. As a result, the realization of anticipated benefits may be delayed or substantially reduced. Events outside of our control, including changes in state and federal regulations and laws, as well as economic trends, also could adversely affect our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from the acquisition or future development.

We expect to continue pursuing expansion opportunities. We regularly evaluate opportunities for acquisition and development of new properties. We could face significant challenges in managing and integrating our expanded or combined operations and any other properties we may develop or acquire, particularly in new competitive markets. The integration of properties we may develop or acquire will require the dedication of management resources that may temporarily divert attention from our day-to-day business. The process of integrating properties that we may acquire also could interrupt the activities of those businesses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the development of new properties may involve construction, local opposition, regulatory, legal and competitive risks, as well as the risks attendant to partnership deals on these development opportunities. In particular, in projects where we team up with a joint venture partner, if we cannot reach agreement with such partners, or our relationships otherwise deteriorate, we could face significant increased costs and delays. Local opposition can delay or increase the anticipated cost of a project. Finally, given the competitive nature of these types of limited license opportunities, litigation is possible.

Management of new properties, especially in new geographic areas, may require that we increase our management resources. We cannot assure you that we will be able to manage the combined operations effectively or realize any of the anticipated benefits of our acquisitions. We also cannot assure you that, if acquisitions are completed, the acquired businesses will generate returns consistent with our expectations. Our ability to achieve our objectives in connection with any acquisition we may consummate may be highly dependent on, among other things, our ability to retain the senior-level property management teams of such acquisition candidates. If, for any reason, we are unable to retain these management teams following such acquisitions or if we fail to attract new capable executives, our operations after consummation of such acquisitions could be materially adversely affected. If we make new acquisitions or new investments, we may face additional risks related to our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, ability to satisfy financial covenants and comply with other restrictive covenants under our indenture, and ability to pay or refinance our indebtedness.

The occurrence of some or all of the above-described events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The construction of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel may inconvenience customers and disrupt business activity at the adjoining Bronco Billy’s casino.

Although we will attempt to minimize disruption of our existing Bronco Billy’s operations, construction of the new Cripple Creek casino hotel will require portions of the adjoining Bronco Billy’s to be closed or disrupted. For example, the Cripple Creek Project will be built, in part, on surface parking lots currently used by guests of Bronco Billy’s. As a result, we will close such parking lots and relocate guest parking until the project’s new parking garage is available for use. Similarly, hotel rooms at Bronco Billy’s will be temporarily unavailable during construction. Any significant disruption in operations at Bronco Billy’s could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Additional growth projects or potential enhancements at our properties may require us to raise additional capital.

We may need to access financial institution sources, capital markets, private sources or otherwise obtain additional funds to fund additional growth projects or potential enhancements we may undertake at our facilities. We do not know when or if financial institution sources, capital markets or private sources will permit us to raise additional funds for such phases and enhancements in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all. Inability to access financial institution sources, capital markets or private sources, or the availability of capital only on less-than-favorable terms, may force us to delay, reduce or cancel our growth projects and enhancement projects.

Our ability to obtain financial institution sources, capital markets or private source financing for future offerings may also be limited by our financial condition, results of operations or other factors, such as our credit rating or outlook at the time of any such financing or offering and the covenants in our existing debt agreements, as well as by general economic conditions and contingencies and uncertainties that are beyond our control. As we seek additional financing, we will be subject to the risks of rising interest rates and other factors affecting the financial markets.

The casino, hotel and resort industry is capital intensive, and we may not be able to finance expansion and renovation projects, which could put us at a competitive disadvantage.

Our properties have an ongoing need for renovations and other capital improvements to remain competitive, including replacement, from time to time, of furniture, fixtures and equipment. We may also need to make capital expenditures at our casino properties to comply with our debt covenants, lease agreements and applicable laws and regulations.

Renovations and other capital improvements at our properties require significant capital expenditures. In addition, renovations and capital improvements usually generate little or no cash flow until the projects are completed. We may not be able to fund such projects solely from existing resources and cash provided from operating activities. Consequently, we may have to rely upon the availability of debt or equity capital to fund renovations and capital improvements, and our ability to carry them out will be limited if we cannot obtain satisfactory debt or equity financing, which will depend on, among other things, market conditions. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain additional equity or debt financing or that we will be able to obtain such financing on favorable terms. Our failure to renovate our properties may put us at a competitive disadvantage.

We may face risks related to our ability to receive regulatory approvals required to complete certain acquisitions, mergers, joint ventures, and other developments, as well as other potential delays in completing certain transactions.

Our growth may be fueled, in part, by the acquisition of existing gaming and development properties. In addition to standard closing conditions, our material transactions, including but not limited to acquisitions, are often conditioned on the receipt of regulatory approvals and other hurdles that create uncertainty and could increase costs. Such delays could significantly reduce the benefits to us of such transactions and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to obtain necessary government approvals in a timely manner, or at all, it can adversely impact our various expansion, development, investment and renovation projects.

The scope of the approvals required for expansion, development, investment or renovation projects can be extensive and may include gaming approvals, state and local land-use permits, and building and zoning permits. Unexpected changes or concessions required by local, state or federal regulatory authorities could involve significant additional costs and delay the scheduled openings of the facilities. We may not obtain the necessary permits, licenses, entitlements and approvals within the anticipated time frames, or at all.

Insufficient or lower-than-expected results generated from our new developments and acquired properties may negatively affect our operating results and financial condition.

We cannot assure you that the revenues generated from our new developments and acquired properties will be sufficient to pay related expenses if and when these developments are completed; or, even if revenues are sufficient to pay expenses, that the new developments and acquired properties will yield an adequate return or any return on our significant investments. As

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previously discussed, the development of new properties may involve construction, regulatory, legal and competitive risks or local opposition, any of which can significantly increase the anticipated cost of a project. Our projects, if completed, may not achieve the level of guest acceptance and patronage we anticipate and, for this or other reasons, may take significantly longer than we expect to generate returns, if any. If our new developments or acquired properties do not achieve the financial results anticipated, it could adversely affect our revenues and results of operations. Moreover, lower-than-expected results from the opening of a new facility may make it more difficult to raise capital.

Risks Related to our Indebtedness

Our significant indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations.

As of February 12, 2021, the total principal amount of our indebtedness, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs, was $315.6 million, consisting of $310 million under the 2028 Notes and $5.6 million for unsecured loans taken under the CARES Act, and for which we intend to seek forgiveness. We also have a finance lease at our Rising Star Casino Resort for $3.8 million.

That debt could, among other things:

● adversely affect our credit rating or the market price of our common stock.

​

Any of these risks could impact our ability to fund our operations or limit our ability to expand our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The indenture governing the 2028 Notes imposes restrictive covenants and limitations that could significantly affect our ability to operate our business and lead to events of default if we do not comply with the covenants.

The indenture governing the 2028 Notes imposes restrictive covenants on us and our subsidiaries that may limit our current and future operations. The restrictions that are imposed include, among other obligations, limitations on our and our subsidiaries’ ability to:

● incur additional debt and guarantee indebtedness;

● make payments on subordinated obligations;

● make dividends or distributions and repurchase stock;

● make investments;

● enter into transactions with affiliates;

● grant liens on our property to secure debt;

● sell assets or enter into mergers or consolidations;

● sell equity interest in our subsidiaries;

● make capital expenditures; or

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These restrictions could adversely affect our ability to:

● obtain additional financing for our operations;

● make needed capital expenditures;

● make strategic acquisitions or investments or enter into alliances;

​

Our ability to comply with the covenants under the indenture, or in any instrument governing future indebtedness, may be affected by general economic conditions, industry conditions, and other events beyond our control, including delays in the completion of new projects under construction. As a result, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with these covenants. Our failure to comply with the covenants contained under the indenture, or in any instrument governing future indebtedness, including failure to comply as a result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default. If there were an event of default and it is not waived by the requisite parties (at their option), the agent, the trustee or holders, as applicable, could cause all the outstanding obligations under the 2028 Notes or other future indebtedness to be due and payable, subject to applicable grace periods, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results and our financial condition. Additionally, this could trigger cross-defaults under other debt obligations. We cannot assure you that our assets or cash flow would be sufficient to repay our obligations under the 2028 Notes, or any future outstanding debt obligations, if accelerated upon an event of default, particularly in light of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on our business, cash flows and liquidity, or that we would be able to borrow sufficient funds to refinance the 2028 Notes or any future debt instruments.

To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, and to fund planned capital expenditures and expansion efforts, will depend upon our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors, including the impact of the coronavirus pandemic.

We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations or asset sales, our anticipated growth in operations, including through our expansion efforts, will be realized, or that future borrowings will be available to us in amounts sufficient to enable us to repay the 2028 Notes and to fund our other liquidity needs. In addition, as we undertake substantial new developments or facility renovations or if we consummate significant acquisitions in the future, our cash requirements may increase significantly and we may need to obtain additional equity or debt financing or joint venture partners. Any increase in our level of indebtedness could impose additional cash requirements on us in order to support interest payments. If we incur additional debt, the related risks that we now face could intensify.

If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to repay the 2028 Notes, as needed, or to obtain adequate additional financing, we may have to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or delaying planned expenses and capital expenditures, selling assets, or issuing equity.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flows to service all of our indebtedness and fund our operating expenses, working capital needs and capital expenditures, and we may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful.

Our ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance our indebtedness will depend upon our future operating performance and our ability to generate cash flow in the future, which are subject to general economic, financial, business, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay investment and capital expenditures, dispose of material assets or operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be able to affect any such alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, such alternative actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. The

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indenture governing the 2028 Notes restricts our ability to dispose of assets and use the proceeds from asset dispositions, and may also restrict our ability to raise debt or equity capital to repay or service our indebtedness. If we cannot make scheduled payments on our debt, we will be in default and, as a result, our lenders could declare all outstanding amounts to be due and payable and foreclose against the collateral securing such debt, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects and could result in you losing your investment in us.

We depend on our subsidiaries for certain dividends, distributions and repayment of our indebtedness, including the 2028 Notes.

The source of much of our cash flow to pay our obligations under the 2028 Notes and make payments on any other indebtedness will be dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries. If our subsidiaries are unable to make dividend payments or distributions to us and sufficient cash or liquidity is not otherwise available, we may not be able to pay interest or principal under the 2028 Notes. Unless they guarantee the 2028 Notes, our subsidiaries will not have any obligation to pay amounts due under the 2028 Notes or to make funds available for that purpose. Unless they guarantee the 2028 Notes, our subsidiaries may not be able to, or be permitted to, make distributions to enable us to make payments in respect of our indebtedness, including the 2028 Notes. Each of our subsidiaries is a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. In addition, while the indenture governing the 2028 Notes limits the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to restrict the payment of dividends or make other intercompany payments to us, these limitations will be subject to certain qualifications and exceptions. In the event that we do not receive distributions from our subsidiaries, we may be unable to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, including the 2028 Notes.

Our ability to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms may be limited.

Although we believe that our cash, cash equivalents, working capital, future cash from operations, and the capital obtained from the 2028 Notes will provide adequate resources to fund completion of the Cripple Creek Project and ongoing operating requirements, we may need to refinance or seek additional financing to compete effectively or grow our business. These financing strategies may not be completed on satisfactory terms, if at all. In addition, certain financing transactions require approval of gaming regulatory authorities. Some requirements may prevent or delay us from obtaining necessary capital. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain any additional financing, refinance our existing debt, or fund our growth efforts. If we are unable to obtain financing on commercially reasonable terms, it could:

● restrict our ability to capitalize on business opportunities;

● place us at a competitive disadvantage.

The obligations under the 2028 Notes are collateralized by a security interest in substantially all of our assets, so if we default on those obligations, the holders of the 2028 Notes could foreclose on our assets. In addition, the existence of these security interests may adversely affect our financial flexibility.

The obligations under the 2028 Notes are secured by a security interest in substantially all of our assets. As a result, if we default under our obligations under the 2028 Notes, the holders of the 2028 Notes, acting through their appointed agent, could foreclose on their security interests and liquidate some or all of these assets, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and could require us to reduce or cease operations. In addition, the pledge of these assets and other restrictions may limit our flexibility in raising capital for other purposes. Because substantially all of our assets are pledged under these financing arrangements, our ability to incur additional secured indebtedness or to sell or dispose of assets to raise capital may be impaired, which could have an adverse effect on our financial flexibility.

Our loans under the CARES Act may be subject to regulatory review.

On May 8, 2020, two wholly-owned subsidiaries, each of which has less than 500 employees, executed promissory notes, each with a five-year term, evidencing unsecured loans in the aggregate amount of $5,606,200 through programs

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established under the CARES Act and administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. Such program was established for companies like ours, which were heavily impacted by the business shutdowns and uncertainties created by the pandemic, and encouraged us to retain or rehire employees who may have been unemployed. The application for the unsecured loans required us to certify, among other things, that the economic uncertainty created by the pandemic made the loan requests necessary to support our ongoing operations. We made this certification in good faith after analyzing, among other things, our financial situation (including our relatively small size and high leverage) and our lack of access to alternative forms of capital at such time in light of the required closure of all of our operations and uncertainty surrounding reopening dates. We believe that we satisfied all eligibility criteria for the loans. However, the certification required in the CARES Act application includes subjective criteria and is subject to interpretation. Others may interpret the criteria differently. If we are subsequently found to have been ineligible to receive the loans, we may be required to repay the loans prior to their maturity. We may also be subject to certain penalties with respect to the loans. We intend to seek forgiveness for all of our CARES Act loans, which will also require us to make certain certifications that will be subject to audit and review by governmental entities. While we believe we qualify for such forgiveness, there is no certainty that any or all of the loans will be forgiven. Any of these events could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We and our subsidiaries may still be able to incur substantially more debt, which could further exacerbate the risks described above.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. The indenture governing the 2028 Notes does not fully prohibit us or our subsidiaries from doing so, and specifically allows for a $15 million revolving credit facility (which allowance increases to $25 million upon the opening of the Cripple Creek Project). If new debt is added to our, or our subsidiaries’, current debt levels, the related risks that we or they now face could intensify.

Risks Related to our Legal and Regulatory Environment

We face extensive regulation from gaming and other regulatory authorities and the cost of compliance or failure to comply with such regulations may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Licensing. The gaming industry is highly regulated, and we must maintain our licenses and pay gaming taxes to continue our operations. The ownership, management and operation of gaming facilities are subject to extensive state and local regulation in the jurisdiction in which it is located. These laws, rules and regulations generally concern the responsibility, financial stability and character of the owners, managers, and persons with financial interest in the gaming operations. The regulatory authorities in jurisdictions where we operate have broad discretion, and may, for any reason set forth in the applicable legislation, rules and regulations, limit, condition, suspend, fail to renew or revoke a license or registration to conduct gaming operations. Furthermore, because we are subject to regulation in each jurisdiction in which we operate, and because regulatory agencies within each jurisdiction review our compliance with gaming laws in other jurisdictions, it is possible that gaming compliance issues in one jurisdiction may lead to reviews and compliance issues in other jurisdictions.

Taxation and fees. We believe that the prospect of significant tax revenue is one of the primary reasons that jurisdictions permit legalized gaming. As a result, gaming companies are typically subject to significant revenue-based taxes and fees in addition to normal federal, state, local and provincial income and employment taxes, and such taxes and fees are subject to increase at any time. We pay substantial taxes and fees with respect to our operations. From time to time, federal, state, local and provincial legislators and officials have proposed changes in tax laws, or in the administration of such laws, affecting the gaming industry. In addition, any downturn in economic conditions could intensify the efforts of state and local governments to raise revenues through increases in gaming taxes and/or property taxes. It is not possible to determine with certainty the likelihood of changes in tax laws or in the administration of such laws. Any material increase, or the adoption of additional taxes or fees, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Compliance with other laws. In addition to gaming regulations, we are also subject to various federal, state, and local laws and regulations affecting businesses in general. These laws and regulations include, but are not limited to, environmental matters, employment, currency transactions, taxation, construction, zoning, construction and land-use laws, marketing and advertising, smoking, and regulations governing the serving of alcoholic beverages.

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The Bank Secrecy Act, enforced by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”) of the U.S. Treasury Department, requires us to report currency transactions in excess of $10,000 occurring within a gaming day, including identification of the guest by name and social security number, to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). This regulation also requires us to report certain suspicious activity, including any transaction that exceeds $5,000 that we know, suspect or have reason to believe involves funds from illegal activity or is designed to evade federal regulations or reporting requirements. Periodic audits by the IRS and our internal audit function assess compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act, and substantial penalties can be imposed against us if we fail to comply with this regulation. In recent years, the U.S. Treasury Department has increased its focus on Bank Secrecy Act compliance throughout the gaming industry. Recent public comments by FinCEN suggest that casinos should make efforts to obtain information on each customer’s sources of income. This could impact our ability to attract and retain casino guests.

We also deal with significant amounts of cash in our operations and are subject to various reporting and anti-money laundering regulations. Any violations of anti-money laundering laws or regulations by any of our properties could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Such laws and regulations could change or could be interpreted differently in the future, or new laws and regulations could be enacted.

Our riverboat, as well as our ferry boat operations, at Rising Star must comply with certain federal and state laws and regulations with respect to boat design, on-board facilities, equipment, personnel and safety. In addition, we are required to have third parties periodically inspect and certify our casino riverboat for safety, stability and single compartment flooding integrity. All of our casinos also must meet local fire safety standards. We could incur additional costs if our gaming facilities are not in compliance with one or more of these regulations.

Changes in legislation and regulation of our business could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Regulations governing the conduct of gaming activities and the obligations of gaming companies in any jurisdiction in which we have or in the future may have gaming operations are subject to change and could impose additional operating, financial, competitive or other burdens on the way we conduct our business.

In particular, certain areas of law governing new gaming activities, such as the federal and state law applicable to sports betting, are new or developing in light of emerging technologies. New and developing areas of law may be subject to the interpretation of the government agencies tasked with enforcing them. In some circumstances, a government agency may interpret a statute or regulation in one manner and then reconsider its interpretation at a later date. No assurance can be provided that government agencies will interpret or enforce new or developing areas of law consistently, predictably, or favorably. Moreover, legislation to prohibit, limit or add burdens to our business may be introduced in the future in states where gaming has been legalized. In addition, from time to time, legislators and special interest groups have proposed legislation that would expand, restrict or prevent gaming operations or which may otherwise adversely impact our operations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Any expansion of gaming or restriction on or prohibition of our gaming operations or enactment of other adverse regulatory changes could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. For example, in January 2019, legal counsel for the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) issued a legal opinion on the Interstate Wire Act of 1961 (“Wire Act”), which stated that the Wire Act bans any form of online gambling if it crosses state lines and reversed a 2011 DOJ legal opinion that stated that the Wire Act only applied to interstate sports betting. The validity of the 2019 DOJ legal opinion and the conflicting interpretations of the Wire Act by DOJ is presently the subject of ongoing litigation.

Stockholders may be required to dispose of their shares of our common stock if they are found unsuitable by gaming authorities.

While gaming authorities generally focus on stockholders with more than 5% and often 10% of a company’s shares, such authorities generally can require that any beneficial owner of our common stock and other securities file an application for a finding of suitability. If a gaming authority requires a record or beneficial owner of our securities to file a suitability application, the owner must apply for a finding of suitability within 30 days or at an earlier time prescribed by the gaming authority. The gaming authority has the power to investigate an owner’s suitability and the owner must pay all costs of the investigation. If the owner is found unsuitable, then the owner may be required by law to dispose of our securities. Our certificate of incorporation also provides us with the right to repurchase shares of our common stock from certain beneficial owners declared by gaming

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regulators to be unsuitable holders of our equity securities. The price we may pay to any such beneficial owner may be below the price such beneficial owner would otherwise accept for his or her shares of our common stock.

We are subject to environmental laws and potential exposure to environmental liabilities.

We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations that govern our operations, including emissions and discharges into the environment, and the handling and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and wastes. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could result in costs for corrective action, penalties or the imposition of other liabilities or restrictions. We also are subject to laws and regulations that impose liability and clean-up responsibility for releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Under certain of these laws and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of property may be liable for the costs of remediating contaminated soil or groundwater on or from its property, without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or caused, the contamination, as well as incur liability to third parties impacted by such contamination. The presence of contamination, or failure to remediate it properly, may adversely affect our ability to use, sell or rent property. There can be no assurances that these matters or other matters arising under environmental laws will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations in the future.

We are subject to litigation which, if adversely determined, could cause us to incur substantial losses.

From time to time during the normal course of operating our businesses, we are subject to various litigation claims and legal disputes. Some of the litigation claims may not be covered under our insurance policies, or our insurance carriers may seek to deny coverage. As a result, we might also be required to incur significant legal fees, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial position. In addition, because we cannot accurately predict the outcome of any action, it is possible that, as a result of current and/or future litigation, we will be subject to adverse judgments or settlements that could significantly reduce our earnings or result in losses.

Our ferry boat service is highly regulated, which can adversely affect our operations.

Our ferry boat service at the Rising Star Casino Resort is subject to stringent local, state and federal laws and regulations governing, among other things, the health and safety of our passengers and personnel, and the operation and insurance of our vessel. Many aspects of our ferry boat service are subject to regulation by a wide array of agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard and other federal authorities, the State of Indiana and Commonwealth of Kentucky authorities, as well as local authorities in Ohio County, Indiana and Boone County, Kentucky. In addition, we are required by various governmental and quasi-governmental agencies to obtain, maintain and periodically renew certain permits, licenses and certificates with respect to our ferry boat service. Compliance with or the enforcement of applicable laws and regulations can be costly. In addition, failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in administrative and civil penalties, criminal sanctions or, in certain cases, the suspension or termination of our ferry boat service.

Risks Related to Technology

Our gaming operations rely heavily on technology services and an uninterrupted supply of electrical power and if we experience damage or service interruptions, we may have to cease some or all of our operations, which will result in a decrease in revenue.

Our gaming operations rely heavily on technology services and an uninterrupted supply of electrical power. Our security system and all of our slot machines are controlled by computers and reliant on electrical power to operate. A loss of electrical power or a failure of the technology services needed to run the computers could make us unable to run all or parts of our gaming operations. Any unscheduled interruption in our technology services or interruption in the supply of electrical power is likely to result in an immediate, and possibly substantial, loss of revenue due to a shutdown of our gaming operations. Although we have designed our systems around industry-standard designs to reduce downtime in the event of outages or catastrophic occurrences, they remain vulnerable to damage or interruption from floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, computer denial-of-service attacks and similar events. Additionally, substantial increases in the cost of electricity and natural gas could negatively affect our results of operations.

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Our information technology and other systems are subject to cyber-security risk, misappropriation of customer information and other breaches of information security.

We rely extensively on our computer systems to process customer transactions, manage customer data, manage employee data and communicate with third-party vendors and other third parties, and we may also access the Internet to use our computer systems. Our operations require that we collect and store customer data, including credit card numbers and other personal information, for various business purposes, including marketing and promotional purposes. We also collect and store personal information about our employees. Breaches of our security measures or information technology systems or the accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure or unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive personal information or confidential data about us, or our customers, or our employees including the potential loss or disclosure of such information as a result of hacking or other cyber-attack, computer virus, fraudulent use by customers, employees or employees of third party vendors, trickery or other forms of deception or unauthorized use, or due to system failure, could expose us, our customers, our employees or other individuals affected to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, result in litigation and potential liability for us, damage our reputation or brand names or otherwise harm our business. Additionally, disruptions in the availability of our computer systems, through cyber-attacks or otherwise, could impact our ability to service our customers and adversely affect our sales and the results of operations. We rely on proprietary and commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide security for processing, transmission and storage of customer information, such as payment card, employee information and other confidential or proprietary information. Our data security measures are reviewed and evaluated regularly; however, they might not protect us against increasingly sophisticated and aggressive threats. The cost and operational consequences of implementing further data security measures could be significant and there is no certainty that such measures, if purchased, could thwart all threats. Additionally, while we maintain cyber risk insurance to assist in the cost of recovery from a significant cyber event, such coverage may not be sufficient.

Additionally, the collection of customer and employee personal information imposes various privacy compliance related obligations on our business and increases the risks associated with a breach or failure of the integrity of our information technology systems. The collection and use of personal information are governed by privacy laws and regulations enacted in the United States and other jurisdictions around the world. Privacy regulations continue to evolve and on occasion may be inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another. Compliance with applicable privacy laws and regulations may increase our operating costs and/or adversely impact our ability to market our products, properties and services to our customers. In addition, non-compliance with applicable privacy laws and regulations by us (or in some circumstances non-compliance by third party service providers engaged by us) may also result in damage of reputation, result in vulnerabilities that could be exploited to breach our systems and/or subject us to fines, payment of damages, lawsuits or restrictions on our use or transfer of personal information.

General Risks

Our ability to utilize our net operating loss, or NOL, carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

Our ability to utilize our NOL carryforwards to offset potential future taxable income and related income taxes that would otherwise be due is dependent upon our generation of future taxable income before the expiration dates, if applicable, of the NOL carryforwards, and we cannot predict with certainty when, or whether, we will generate sufficient taxable income to use all of our NOL carryforwards.

Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a greater than 50 percentage point change (by value) in its equity ownership by certain stockholders over a three-year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change NOL carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes (such as research and development tax credits) to offset its post-change income or taxes may be limited. We have experienced ownership changes in the past, and we may experience ownership changes in the future and/or subsequent shifts in our stock ownership (some of which may be outside our control). As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change NOL carryforwards to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations under Section 382, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us. In addition, at the state level, there may be periods during which the use of NOL carryforwards is suspended or otherwise limited, which could accelerate or permanently increase state taxes owed.

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The market price for our common stock may be volatile, and investors may not be able to sell our stock at a favorable price or at all.

Many factors could cause the market price of our common stock to rise and fall, including:

● actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly results of operations;

● the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on our business;

● change in market valuations of companies in our industry;

● change in expectations of future financial performance;

● regulatory changes;

● fluctuations in stock market prices and volumes;

● issuance of common stock market prices and volumes;

● the addition or departure of key personnel; and

​

In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to companies’ operating performance, for example, as a result of the coronavirus epidemic. Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, stockholder derivative lawsuits and/or securities class-action litigation has sometimes been instituted against that company. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources.

The exercise of outstanding options to purchase common stock may result in substantial dilution and may depress the trading price of our common stock.

If our outstanding options to purchase shares of our common stock are exercised and the underlying shares of common stock issued upon such exercise are sold, our stockholders may experience substantial dilution and the market price of our shares of common stock could decline. Further, the perception that such securities might be exercised could adversely affect the trading price of our shares of common stock. During the time that such securities are outstanding, they may adversely affect the terms on which we could obtain additional capital.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties.

Substantially all of our assets collateralize our indebtedness, as discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” The majority of our facilities are subject to leases of the underlying real estate assets, which, among other things, includes the land underlying the facility and the buildings used in business operations, as discussed in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel

We own the facilities and related improvements at the Silver Slipper in Hancock County, Mississippi. The property at year-end offered 750 slot machines (of which approximately 216 were temporarily disabled to ensure social distancing) and 24 table games (of which approximately 12 were temporarily closed to ensure social distancing), a surface parking lot, an approximately 800-space parking garage and a 129-guest-room hotel. The casino and hotel are located on 38 acres of leased land, including 31 acres of protected marshlands. The lease expires on April 30, 2058 and contains a purchase option that can be exercised between April 1, 2022 and October 1, 2027. We also lease approximately 5.7 acres of land occupied by offices and warehouse space that are approximately four miles from our casino, as well as small parcels of land with a building and sign. We

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also manage a 37-space beachfront RV park under a management agreement, which expires on March 31, 2025, unless canceled by either party with a 180-day notice.

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel

Bronco Billy’s is located on or near approximately 3.9 acres of owned land and 2.4 acres of leased land that we control in Cripple Creek, Colorado. The property includes 36 hotel rooms, including 22 rooms that are in buildings that are not contiguous to the casino, and several acres of surface parking. A portion of the casino and parking lots are subject to a long-term lease that includes renewal options in three-year increments to 2035 and a purchase option that can be exercised at any time during the lease term. During 2018, we purchased the operating historical Imperial Hotel and other nearby parcels of land. In August 2018, we commenced a lease of the freestanding Imperial Casino. We refurbished and rebranded both the Imperial Hotel and Imperial Casino together as the Christmas Casino & Inn in November 2018. It resulted in an increase in our overall revenues, but such increase was not sufficient to offset the increase operating costs. As a result, we closed the Christmas Casino in September 2020, while continuing to operate the Christmas Inn to accommodate Bronco Billy’s customers. Our Cripple Creek operations currently offer 500 slot machines and no table games as of year-end. Of this, approximately 84 slot machines were disabled to ensure social distancing under the pandemic guidelines. Similarly, casinos in Cripple Creek were not able to offer table games between March 2020 and February 2021; the operating capacity of table games areas has been restricted since their reopening to ensure social distancing.

Rising Star Casino Resort

We own the Rising Star in Rising Sun, Indiana. At year-end, the property consisted of a dockside riverboat on the Ohio River offering 772 slot machines and 20 table games, a land-based pavilion with approximately 30,000 square feet of meeting and convention space, a 190-guest-room hotel, a 56-space RV park, surface parking and an 18-hole golf course on approximately 311 acres. Of our 772 slot machines, approximately 390 were disabled to ensure social distancing. Additionally, we lease a 104-guest-room hotel pursuant to a finance lease that expires in October 2027 and contains a bargain purchase option for $1 if exercised upon maturity of the lease. We also own 1.3 acres in Burlington, Kentucky, from where we commenced ferry boat operations in September 2018. The ferry service connects our Rising Star property in Indiana to populous Boone County, Kentucky.

Stockman’s Casino

Included as part of our Northern Nevada segment, we own Stockman’s, located on approximately five acres in Fallon, Nevada. The facility offers 203 slot machines and no table games as of year-end, a bar, a fine-dining restaurant and a coffee shop, and approximately 300 surface parking spaces. We have chosen to not operate our table games under the current pandemic conditions.

Grand Lodge Casino

Included as part of our Northern Nevada segment, the Grand Lodge Casino at year-end offered 270 slot machines and 11 table games, and is integrated into the Hyatt Lake Tahoe in Incline Village, Nevada on the north shore of Lake Tahoe. Of this, approximately 29 slot machines were disabled to ensure social distancing under the pandemic guidelines and we are required to limit the number of customers that can be accommodated at each table game. We operate Grand Lodge Casino pursuant to a lease with Hyatt which is set to expire on August 31, 2023 and own the personal property, including slot machines. The lease is secured by our interests under such lease, consisting of certain collateral (as defined and described in a security agreement), and is subordinate to the 2028 Notes. Currently, Hyatt has an option to purchase our leasehold interest and operating assets of the Grand Lodge Casino at a defined price based partially on earnings. We have an excellent relationship with Hyatt and, while there is no certainty that this will be the case, the lease has been extended several times in the past.

Corporate

We lease 4,479 square feet of corporate office space in Las Vegas, Nevada pursuant to a lease that expires in January 2025.

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We are subject to various legal and administrative proceedings relating to personal injuries, employment matters, commercial transactions and other matters arising in the normal course of business. We do not believe that the outcome of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We maintain what we believe is adequate insurance coverage to further mitigate the risks of such potential negative effects.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “FLL.”

On March 10, 2021, we had 73 “registered holders” of record of our common stock. We believe that a substantial number of stockholders hold their common stock in “street name” or are otherwise beneficial holders whose shares of record are held by banks, brokers, and other financial institutions. Such holders are not included in the number of “registered holders” above.

Dividend Policy

We have not paid any dividends on our common stock to date. The payment of dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be contingent upon our revenues and earnings, if any; the terms of our indebtedness; our capital requirements; growth opportunities; and general financial condition. Our debt covenants restrict the payment of dividends and it is the present intention of our board of directors to retain all earnings, if any, for use in our business operations, debt reduction and growth initiatives, reinvesting such earnings on behalf of stockholders. Accordingly, we do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

As a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion of our results of operations and financial condition should be read together with the other financial information and consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the results anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors, including those discussed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. The results of operations for the periods reflected herein are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods. Full House Resorts, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, may be referred to as “Full House,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us.”

Executive Overview

Our primary business is the ownership and/or operation of casino and related hospitality and entertainment facilities, which includes offering casino gambling, hotel accommodations, dining, golfing, RV camping, sports betting, entertainment and retail outlets, among other amenities. We own or operate five casino properties in four states – Mississippi, Colorado, Indiana and Nevada. We view our Mississippi, Colorado and Indiana properties as distinct operating segments and both of our Nevada

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properties as one operating segment. We also benefit from six permitted sports “skins” that we are allowed to operate, three in Colorado and three in Indiana. We have contracted with other companies to operate these online sports wagering sites under their own brands in exchange for a percentage of revenues, as defined, subject to annual minimum amounts. As of today, two of our three permitted betting “skins” are live in Colorado, and one of our three permitted “skins” is live in Indiana. We expect our three remaining “skins” to begin operation within the next few months.

Our portfolio consists of the following:

Property Location

Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel ​ Hancock County, MS(near New Orleans)

Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel ​ Cripple Creek, CO(near Colorado Springs)

Rising Star Casino Resort ​ Rising Sun, IN(near Cincinnati)

Stockman’s Casino ​ Fallon, NV(one hour east of Reno)

​

Our financial results are dependent upon the number of patrons that we attract to our properties and the amounts those guests spend per visit. While we provide credit at some of our casinos where permitted by gaming regulations, most of our revenues are cash-based, through customers wagering with cash or paying for non-gaming services with cash or credit cards. Our revenues are primarily derived from slot machines, but also include other gaming activities, including table games, keno and sports betting. In addition, we derive a significant amount of revenue from our hotels and our food and beverage outlets. We also derive revenues from our golf course and ferry boat service at Rising Star, our recreational vehicle parks (“RV parks”) owned at Rising Star and managed at Silver Slipper, and retail outlets and entertainment.

We set minimum and maximum betting limits for our slot machines and table games based on market conditions, customer demand and other factors. Our gaming revenues are derived from a broad base of guests that includes both high- and low-stakes players. At Silver Slipper, our sports book operations are in partnership with a company specializing in race and sports betting. At both Rising Star and Bronco Billy’s, we have contracted with other companies to operate our on-site and online sports wagering skins under their own brands in exchange for a percentage of revenues, as defined, subject to annual minimum amounts. Our operating results may also be affected by, among other things, overall economic conditions affecting the disposable income of our guests, weather conditions affecting access to our properties, achieving and maintaining cost efficiencies, taxation and other regulatory changes, and competitive factors, including but not limited to, additions and improvements to the competitive supply of gaming facilities, as well as pandemics, epidemics, widespread health emergencies, or outbreaks of infectious diseases such as the coronavirus.

We may experience significant fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to seasonality, variations in gaming hold percentages and other factors. Consequently, our operating results for any quarter or year are not necessarily comparable and may not be indicative of results in future periods.

Our market environment is highly competitive and capital-intensive. We rely on the ability of our properties to generate operating cash flow to pay interest, repay debt, and fund maintenance and certain growth-related capital expenditures. We continuously focus on improving the operating margins of our existing properties through a combination of revenue growth and expense management. We also assess growth and development opportunities, which include capital investments at our existing properties, the development of new properties, and the acquisition of existing properties.

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Recent Developments

COVID-19 Pandemic. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus as a pandemic (“COVID-19”). Although COVID-19 continues to spread throughout the U.S. and the world, the number of newly-reported cases has declined from levels seen in late 2020 and early 2021. Additionally, vaccines designed to inhibit the severity and the spread of COVID-19 are now being distributed throughout the world. At the start of the pandemic and continuing through today, COVID-19 has resulted in the implementation of significant, government-imposed measures to prevent or reduce its spread, including travel restrictions, business restrictions, closing of borders, “shelter-in-place” orders and business closures. In March 2020, pursuant to state government orders to prevent the spread of COVID-19, we temporarily closed all of our casino properties. As a result, we experienced a material decline in our revenues until our properties began reopening when permitted by local authorities. We reopened the Silver Slipper Casino and Hotel on May 21, 2020, Grand Lodge Casino and Stockman’s Casino on June 4, 2020, and Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel and Rising Star Casino Resort on June 15, 2020. During the shutdown period, we evaluated labor, marketing and other costs at our businesses so that, upon reopening, our properties could reopen with significantly lower operating costs. As a result, our operating performance since reopening in mid-2020 has been stronger than pre-pandemic levels, despite capacity restrictions throughout our casinos and in our restaurants. The extent to which our financial and operating results in future periods may be affected by COVID-19 will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted. Significant uncertainties include the ability to operate; new information which may emerge concerning new strains of COVID-19 and their severity; any additional actions imposed by governmental authorities to contain COVID-19 or minimize its impact; increased operating costs in light of social distancing requirements as a result of COVID-19; and general economic conditions, among others.

As of December 31, 2020, we believe we had a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity in place, including total cash and cash equivalents of $38 million. In February 2021, we issued the 2028 Notes, which further increased our cash balances. As of February 28, 2021, we had total cash and cash equivalents of approximately $232 million, which includes $180 million of restricted cash reserved to fund the Cripple Creek Project.

Debt Refinancing. On February 12, 2021, we issued $310 million of new 2028 Notes. The proceeds were used to redeem all $106.8 million of our senior secured notes due 2024 (the “Prior Notes”) and to repurchase all outstanding warrants totaling approximately 1.0 million shares. Additionally, $180 million of bond proceeds were placed in a construction reserve account to fund the Cripple Creek Project, including designing, developing, constructing, equipping and opening the project. Proceeds were also used to pay the transaction fees and expenses related to the offering, leaving approximately $8 million added to our unrestricted cash balances.

Sports Wagering in Indiana and Colorado. In late 2020, an affiliate of Wynn Resorts launched its mobile sports offering in Colorado through the use of one of our permitted sports wagering “skins.” As of today, two of our three permitted skins are live in Colorado and one of our three permitted skins is live in Indiana. We expect our three remaining skins to go live in the next few months. We receive a percentage of defined revenues of each skin, subject to annual minimums. When all six skins are in operation, we should receive at least $7 million per year of sports gaming revenues. Since we incur very little expense related to these operations, almost all of such revenues should result in income.

Cripple Creek Project. In 2018, we began planning and design work on our Cripple Creek Project, a new and distinct luxury hotel and casino located adjacent to our existing Bronco Billy’s. Reflecting changes made to the state’s gaming laws in November 2020, including the elimination of betting limits and the approval of new table games, we increased the size of our planned Cripple Creek expansion by 67% to approximately 300 luxury guest rooms and suites, from our previously planned 180 guest rooms. Such plans were approved by the Cripple Creek Historic Preservation Commission and Cripple Creek City Council in January and February 2021. The expected investment to complete the Cripple Creek expansion is $180 million, which we funded in February 2021 through the issuance of the 2028 Notes. With the funding complete, we started construction of the expanded luxury casino and hotel in late February 2021. We had previously intended to build the smaller project in two stages. In light of the regulatory changes and our ability to fund the entire expanded project, we now intend to build the Cripple Creek Project all at once, with completion expected in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Waukegan Proposal. On October 29, 2019, we submitted an Owners Gaming License Application to the Illinois Gaming Board (“IGB”) to develop and operate American Place, a casino and entertainment destination in Waukegan, Illinois. We continue to be one of three bidders for the Waukegan gaming license, which addresses an area midway between Chicago and

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Milwaukee with high population density and no existing casino. If awarded the license by the IGB, we intend to develop and operate a temporary casino on that site while American Place is being constructed. American Place would include a world-class casino with a state-of-the-art sportsbook; a premium boutique hotel comprised of twenty luxurious villas, each ranging from 1,500 to 2,500 square feet with full butler service; a 1,500-seat live entertainment venue; and various food and beverage outlets. American Place was one of three proposals certified by the Waukegan City Council in late 2019. At that time, the city’s consultant ranked American Place the top proposal amongst the various submissions on numerous different criteria.

​

In October 2020, we signed a commitment letter with a multi-billion-dollar investment management firm that has experience with casino construction projects. The commitment letter anticipates fully funding the project with non-recourse development capital. Under terms of the commitment letter, we would be required to invest $25 million into the project as equity, will own no less than 60% of the project, and will receive management fees for operating the casino and related amenities. The commitment letter is conditioned upon us being awarded the Waukegan casino license by the IGB and the investment firm’s further due diligence review, among other items. No assurance can be given that we will be awarded the license by the IGB or that we will meet the other conditions under the commitment letter.

​

According to the IGB, the process for it to choose the preferred developer has been slowed by the pandemic. In December 2020, the IGB issued a request for proposals for an investment bank or similar consultant to advise the IGB in assessing the various proposals. In January 2021, the IGB indicated that it received no responses to its RFP and was considering next steps, including the possible issuance of a revised RFP. The IGB Administrator has indicated that he believes the IGB can make a preliminary suitability determination within six months of hiring an appropriate financial consultant.

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Key Performance Indicators

We use several key performance indicators to evaluate the operations of our properties. These key performance indicators include the following:

Gaming revenue indicators:

Slot coin-in is the gross dollar amount wagered in slot machines and table game drop is the total amount of cash or credit exchanged into chips at table games for use by our customers. Slot coin-in and table game drop are indicators of volume.

Slot win is the difference between customer wagers and customer winnings on slot machines. Table game hold is the difference between the amount of money or markers exchanged into chips at the tables and customer winnings paid. Slot win and table game hold percentages represent the relationship between slot win and coin-in and table game win and drop.

Room revenue indicators:

Hotel occupancy rate is an indicator of the utilization of our available rooms. Complimentary room sales, or the retail value of accommodations furnished to customers free of charge, are included in the calculation of the hotel occupancy rate.

Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Property EBITDA and Adjusted Property EBITDA Margin:

Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of our performance. For a description of Adjusted EBITDA see “Non-GAAP Measure.” We utilize Adjusted Property EBITDA as the measure of segment profit in assessing performance and allocating resources at the reportable segment level. For information regarding our operating segments, see Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Additionally, we use Adjusted Property EBITDA Margin, which is calculated by dividing Adjusted Property EBITDA by the property’s revenues.

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Results of Operations – 2020 Compared to 2019

Consolidated operating results

The following summarizes our consolidated operating results for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and reflects the mandatory closure of all of our properties for approximately three months beginning in March 2020 due to the pandemic.

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ For the Years Ended ​ ​ ​

(In thousands) ​ December 31, ​ Percent

Interest and other non-operating expenses, net ​ 10,421 ​ 11,958 (12.9) %

Income tax (benefit) expense ​ (92) ​ 80 (215.0) %

​

The following table details the components of our total revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, which are comprised of casino and non-casino operations.

​

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ For the Years Ended ​ ​ ​

(In thousands) ​ December 31, ​ Percent

Casino revenues ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Non-casino revenues, net ​ ​ ​

​

The following discussion is based on our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, unless otherwise described. Because all of our operations were closed from mid-March 2020 through much of the second quarter of 2020, the comparisons for these years are not particularly meaningful. For further discussions, refer to “Operating results – reportable segments” below.

Revenues. Consolidated revenues decreased by 24.1%, primarily due to the mandatory closure of all of our properties in March 2020 for approximately three months, as well as capacity restrictions upon reopening. The first of our properties reopened on May 21, 2020, and all of our properties had reopened by June 15, 2020. Upon our reopening, our properties have been constrained by efforts to maintain “social distancing” during the pandemic, including reductions in the number of slot machines we are permitted to operate, the number of people that we can accommodate at each table game, the seating capacity of our bars and restaurants, and restrictions on the types of food service we can offer. Those restrictions continued through the end of 2020. Partially offsetting this, our contracted mobile sports operations generated $2.2 million and $0.1 million of revenue in 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are included in “Other Non-casino Revenues.” See “Recent Developments – Sports Wagering in Colorado and Indiana” for details.

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Operating expenses. Consolidated operating expenses decreased 27.7%, primarily due to the prolonged closures in the first half of 2020, as discussed above. This affected payroll and related expenses across all of our departments, as well as numerous volume-related costs, such as gaming taxes, device fees and our cost of the food and beverages served to guests. We also opted to significantly reduce our marketing expenses during the closure period, although some of such expenses, such as some contracted billboards, could not be reduced. Certain other costs continued despite the closures, thereby affecting income, including utility costs, real estate taxes, a much-limited payroll, much of our rent, and the costs to secure our properties and meet certain gaming regulatory requirements.

When permitted to reopen our casinos in mid-2020, we reopened them cautiously, with limited hours of operation of many amenities and minimal staffing, as we were unsure as to the customer response. As the capacity of our restaurants was limited in order to ensure social distancing, we chose to eliminate certain promotions. We reduced the number of slot machines we operate, again to ensure social distancing and, in some cases, as required to do so by the gaming authorities. This resulted in reductions in certain taxes based on the number of machines, as well as the amounts we pay for certain leased games. We have been limited in terms of the numbers of people who can participate at each table game, again to ensure social distancing, and we offset this by increasing the minimum wagers on our table games to help cover the operating costs associated with each game. Meanwhile, we expanded the number of stadium gaming and similar machines in the vicinity of our table games, to accommodate customers who may not want to play at higher table game minimums. We also used the closure period to revamp much of our marketing programs, particularly at Rising Star and Bronco Billy’s, which had recently installed new, state-of-the-art slot machine systems and therefore had much better marketing data than was available previously. The improved marketing data allowed us to focus our attention and benefits on our most important customers, while we were also able to identify groups of customers who had historically been receiving benefits that were not justified by their levels of play.

As a result, our operating expenses in the second half of 2020 declined significantly, much more so than our revenues. This resulted in significant increases in income across our most important properties, as well as in our margins across all segments.

Interest and other non-operating expense, net.

Interest Expense

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

(In thousands) ​ For the Years Ended

​ ​ December 31,

Interest cost (excluding loan fee amortization) ​ $ 9,400 ​ $ 10,316

Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount ​ 1,276 ​ 1,092

Change in fair value of interest rate cap agreement ​ — ​ 92

Capitalized interest ​ (853) ​ (772)

​

Interest expense decreased primarily due to the decline in the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), which affected the total interest rate due for the Prior Notes.

On February 12, 2021, we issued the 2028 Notes. The proceeds were used to, among other things, refinance all of the Prior Notes. Unlike the floating interest rate for the Prior Notes, the interest rate for the 2028 Notes is fixed. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” for a more detailed discussion.

Other non-operating expense, net

We incurred $0.6 million and $1.2 million of other non-operating expense from the fair value adjustment of our common stock warrant liability in 2020 and 2019, respectively. The common stock warrant liability is adjusted to fair value each quarter, with such increases in fair value during both years primarily related to the increases in our share price.

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Using a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 2028 Notes, we retired all outstanding warrants for $4 million in the first quarter of 2021. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a more detailed discussion.

Income taxes. Our effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was (167.3)% and (1.4)%, respectively. Our tax rate differs from the statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the effects of changes in tax law, changes in valuation allowance, and items that are permanently treated differently for GAAP and tax purposes. During 2020, we continued to provide a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, net of any available deferred tax liabilities. In future years, if it is determined that we meet the “more likely than not” threshold of utilizing our deferred tax assets, then we may reverse some or all of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.

We do not expect to pay any federal income taxes or receive any federal tax refunds related to our 2020 results. Taxable income generated in 2020 results in the utilization of historical net operating losses carrying forward, which are able to offset 100% of taxable income. Due to the level of uncertainty regarding sufficient prospective income as measured under GAAP, we maintain a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, as mentioned above.

See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” for a more detailed discussion.

Operating results – reportable segments

We manage our casinos based on geographic regions within the United States. Accordingly, Stockman’s and Grand Lodge Casino comprise our Northern Nevada business segment, while Silver Slipper, Bronco Billy’s and Rising Star are currently distinct segments. Our Rising Star segment includes results for our ferry boat operations between Indiana and Kentucky, as well as our three contracted sports skins in Indiana. The Bronco Billy’s segment includes the Christmas Casino in Cripple Creek, Colorado, which operated from November 2018 through September 2020, as well as our three contracted sports skins in Colorado.

The following table presents detail by segment of our consolidated revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. Management uses Adjusted Property EBITDA as its measure of segment profit.

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​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

(In thousands) For the Years Ended ​ ​

​ December 31, ​ Percent

Revenues ​ ​ ​

Adjusted Property EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA ​ ​

​

​