CVGI · Read the filing

Item 1A.Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision. These are not the only risks we face. If any of these risks and uncertainties were to actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to COVID-19 Pandemic, health epidemics and Global Economy

Our financial condition and results of operations have been and will continue to be adversely affected by the coronavirus pandemic

The global spread of COVID-19 that was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and the preventative measures taken to contain or mitigate the outbreak have caused, and are continuing to cause, significant volatility and uncertainty and economic disruptions. The outbreak has resulted in governments around the world implementing increasingly stringent measures to contain or mitigate the spread of the virus, including quarantines, “shelter in place” and “stay at home” orders, travel restrictions, business curtailments, vaccine mandates and other measures. While we continue to operate, consistent with applicable government guidelines, we are experiencing, and may continue to experience, production slowdowns and/or shutdowns at our manufacturing facilities in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific as a result of government orders, our inability to obtain component parts from suppliers and/or unpredictable customer demand. In addition, many of our suppliers and customers are also experiencing, and may continue to experience, production slowdowns and/or shutdowns, which may further impact our business, sales and results of operation.

The resulting financial impact of COVID-19 has adversely affected our business, supply chain, sales, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, we may experience adverse impacts to our business due to any resulting economic inflation, recession or depression that may continue to impact customer demand and the financial instability or operating viability of our suppliers and customers. Additionally, a significant outbreak of any other contagious diseases in the human population could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that could affect demand for our products and adversely impact our operating results.

Volatility in and disruption to the global economic environment and changes in the regulatory and business environments in which we operate may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The commercial vehicle industry as a whole has been more adversely affected by volatile economic conditions than many other industries, as the purchase or replacement of commercial vehicles, which are durable items, may be deferred for many reasons. Future changes in the regulatory and business environments in which we operate, including increased trade protectionism and tariffs, may adversely affect our ability to sell our products or source materials needed to manufacture our products. Furthermore, financial instability or bankruptcy at any of our suppliers or customers could disrupt our ability to manufacture our products and impair our ability to collect receivables, any or all of which may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, some of our customers and suppliers may experience serious cash flow problems and, thus, may find it difficult to obtain financing, if financing is available at all. Any inability of customers to pay us for our products and services, or any demands by suppliers for different payment terms, or inability of our suppliers to supply us may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, our suppliers may not be successful in generating sufficient sales, restarting or ramping up production or securing alternate financing arrangements, and therefore may no longer be able to supply goods and services to us. In that event, we would need to find alternate sources for these goods and services, and there is no assurance we would be able to find such alternate sources on favorable terms, if at all. Disruption in our supply chain has had and could continue to have an adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and deliver our products on a timely basis, and thereby affect our results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by downturns in the U.S. and global economy which are naturally accompanied by related declines in new truck orders by fleets, freight tonnage hauled and in infrastructure development and other construction projects.

Our results of operations are directly impacted by changes in the U.S. and global economic conditions, which are accompanied by related declines in freight tonnage hauled and in infrastructure development and other construction projects because, among other things:

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▪Demand for our MD/HD Truck products is generally dependent on the number of new MD/HD Truck commercial vehicles manufactured in North America. Historically, the demand for MD/HD Truck commercial vehicles has declined during periods of weakness in the North American economy.

▪Demand for our construction equipment products is dependent on vehicle demand for new commercial vehicles in the global construction equipment market.

▪Demand in the medium and heavy-construction vehicle market, which is where our products are primarily used, is typically related to the level of larger-scale infrastructure development projects.

If we experience periods of low demand for our products or there is volatility in the commercial vehicle market in the future, it could have an adverse effect on our revenues, operating results and financial position.

We may be unable to successfully implement our business strategy and, as a result, our businesses and financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to achieve our business and financial objectives is subject to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. For example, we may not be successful in implementing our strategy if unforeseen factors emerge diminishing the current levels or any future expected growth in the commercial vehicle, warehouse automation or electric vehicle markets we supply or expect to penetrate, or we experience increased pressure on our margins. Any failure to successfully implement our business strategy could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and growth potential.

We may be unable to complete strategic acquisitions, or we may encounter unforeseen difficulties in integrating acquisitions.

We may pursue acquisition targets that will allow us to continue to expand into new geographic markets, add new customers, provide new products, manufacturing and service capabilities and increase penetration with existing customers. However, we expect to face competition for acquisition candidates, which may limit the number of our acquisition opportunities and may lead to higher acquisition prices. Moreover, acquisition of businesses may require additional debt and/or equity financing, perhaps resulting in additional leverage and/or shareholder dilution. The covenants relating to our debt instruments may further limit our ability to complete acquisitions. There can be no assurance we will find attractive acquisition candidates or successfully integrate acquired businesses into our existing business. If the expected synergies from acquisitions do not materialize or we fail to successfully integrate such new businesses into our existing businesses, our results of operations could also be adversely affected.

Circumstances associated with our acquisition and divestiture strategy could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

From time to time we evaluate the performance and strategic fit of our businesses and may decide to sell a business or product line based on such an evaluation. Any divestitures may result in significant write-offs, including those related to goodwill and other tangible and intangible assets, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our customer base is concentrated and the loss of business from a major customer or the discontinuation of particular commercial vehicle platforms could reduce our revenues.

Even though we may be selected as the supplier of a product by an OEM for a particular vehicle, our OEM customers issue blanket purchase orders, which generally provide for the supply of that customer’s annual requirements for that vehicle, rather than for a specific number of our products. If the OEM’s requirements are less than estimated, the number of products we sell to that OEM will be accordingly reduced. In addition, the OEM may terminate its purchase orders with us at any time. The loss of any of our large customers or the loss of significant business from any of these customers could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

On October 25, 2021, the Company provided notice to the Volvo Group (“Volvo”) of the Company’s intention to terminate its agreement with Volvo, with such termination to become effective twelve months from the date of notice, absent the parties reaching mutually agreeable terms upon which to continue their relationship. If no such agreement is reached, the loss of business from Volvo could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations as sales to Volvo represented more than 10% of reported consolidated net sales during each of the three most recent years.

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Our profitability could be adversely affected if the actual production volumes for our customers’ vehicles are significantly lower than expected or our costs are higher than expected.

We incur costs and make capital expenditures based in part upon estimates of production volumes for our customers’ vehicles. While we attempt to establish a price for our components and systems that will compensate for variances in production volumes, if the actual production of these vehicles is significantly less than anticipated, our gross margin on these products would be adversely affected. Our OEM customers have historically had a significant amount of leverage over us. We enter into agreements with our customers at the beginning of a given platform’s life to supply products for that platform. Once we enter into such agreements, fulfillment of the supply requirements is our obligation for the entire production life of the platform, with terms generally ranging from five to seven years, and we have limited provisions to terminate such contracts. We may become committed to supplying products to our customers at selling prices that are not sufficient to cover the direct cost to produce such products, which may be as a result of inflation or increased employment costs as a result of current labor markets or other factors. We cannot predict our customers’ demands for our products. If customers representing a significant amount of our revenues were to purchase materially lower volumes than expected, or if we are unable to keep our commitment under the agreements, or if our costs are higher than anticipated, it would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, we generally do not have clauses in our customer agreements that guarantee that we will recoup the design and development costs that we incurred to develop a product. In other cases, we share the design costs with the customer and thereby have some risk that not all the costs will be covered if the project does not go forward or if it is not as profitable as expected.

We may be unable to successfully implement price increases to offset inflation and, as a result, our businesses and financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to implement customer price increases where margin on product is not meeting profitability targets is subject to a variety of factors, such as fluctuations in our material, freight and labor costs, inflation or other competitive conditions, which are beyond our control. For example, customers may refuse to pay increased prices that meet our profitability targets, resource from other suppliers, or not issue purchase orders to us with large volumes. Any failure to successfully implement price increases could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and growth potential.

Our inability to compete effectively in the highly competitive warehouse automation industry could result in loss of market share and reduced gross margins, which could have an adverse effect on our revenues and operating results.

The warehouse automation industry is highly competitive. Some of our competitors are companies that are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do. Our products primarily compete on the basis of price, product quality, technical expertise, development capability, product delivery and product service. Increased competition may lead to price reductions or loss of business resulting in reduced gross margins and loss of market share.

We are subject to certain risks associated with our foreign operations.

We have operations in the Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Belgium, Australia, India and Thailand, which collectively accounted for approximately 24% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021. There are certain risks inherent in our international business activities including, but not limited to:

•the difficulty of enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through certain foreign legal systems;

•foreign customers, who may have longer payment cycles than customers in the U.S.;

•foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations affecting our ability to match revenue received with costs;

•tax rates in certain foreign countries, which may exceed those in the U.S., withholding requirements or the imposition of tariffs, exchange controls or other restrictions, including restrictions on repatriation, of foreign earnings;

•intellectual property protection difficulties;

•general economic and political conditions, along with major differences in business culture and practices, including the challenges of dealing with business practices that may impact the company’s compliance efforts, in countries where we operate;

•exposure to local social unrest, including any acts of war, terrorism or similar events;

•exposure to local minimum wage requirements;

•the difficulties associated with managing a large organization spread throughout various countries; and

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•complications in complying with a variety of laws and regulations related to doing business with and in foreign countries, some of which may conflict with U.S. law or may be vague or difficult to comply with.

Additionally, our international business activities are also subject to risks arising from violations of U.S. laws such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions, and various export control and trade embargo laws and regulations, including those which may require licenses or other authorizations for transactions relating to certain countries and/or with certain individuals identified by the U.S. government. If we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could suffer civil and criminal penalties that could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Recently, Russian troops invaded Ukraine. The invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the retaliatory measures taken by the U.S., NATO and other countries have created global security concerns and economic uncertainty that could have a lasting impact on regional and global economies. We cannot be certain that similar international tensions will not affect our facility in the Ukraine, including due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, electrical outages, cyber-attacks and periodic battles with separatists closer to our facility. In addition, certain of our employees in Ukraine are routinely conscripted into the military and/or sent to fight in the ongoing conflict. Furthermore, most of our products manufactured in Ukraine are shipped across the border from Ukraine to the Czech Republic for further delivery to our customers. If that border crossing were to be closed or restricted for any reason, or if our customers decide to stop ordering from us or shift orders to our competitors, we would experience a loss of the use of our Ukrainian facility, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Decreased availability or increased costs of materials could affect both our ability to produce products as well as the cost of producing our products.

We purchase raw materials, fabricated components, assemblies and services from a variety of suppliers. Steel, aluminum, petroleum-based products, copper, resin, foam, fabrics, wire and wire components, semiconductor chips, electronics and electrical components account for the most significant portion of our raw material costs. Although we currently maintain alternative sources for most raw materials, from time to time, however, the prices and availability of these materials fluctuate due to global market demands and other considerations, which could impair the Company's ability to procure necessary materials, or increase the cost of such materials. We may be assessed surcharges on certain purchases of steel, copper and other raw materials. There is currently a well-publicized global shortage of semiconductor chips and several of the raw materials we use that could impact the Company and our customers. Inflationary and other increases in costs or shortages of the various materials that are needed for us to produce our products are currently having an impact on our business which may continue for the foreseeable future. In addition, freight costs associated with shipping and receiving product are impacted by fluctuations in freight tonnage, freight hauler availability or capacity and the cost of oil and gas. We are currently experiencing difficulty purchasing and obtaining timely delivery of certain raw materials required for our operations, which is having an adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, to the extent we are unable to pass on the increased costs of raw materials, freight and labor to our customers, it could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We have invested substantial resources in markets where we expect growth and we may be unable to timely alter our strategies should such expectations not be realized.

Our future growth is dependent in part on us making the right investments at the right time in people, technology, product development, manufacturing capacity, and to expand into new markets including in warehouse automation and electric vehicle markets. If we fail to realize expected rates of return on our investments, we may incur losses on such investments and be unable to timely redeploy the invested capital to take advantage of other markets, potentially resulting in lost market share to our competitors.

We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in leveraging our capabilities into new markets and thus, in meeting the needs of these new customers and competing favorably in these new markets.

Our inability to compete effectively in the highly competitive commercial vehicle component supply industry could result in lower prices for our products, loss of market share and reduced gross margins, which could have an adverse effect on our revenues and operating results.

The commercial vehicle component supply industry is highly competitive. Some of our competitors are companies that are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do. In some cases, we compete with divisions of our OEM customers. Our products primarily compete on the basis of price, breadth of product offerings, product quality, technical expertise, development capability, product delivery and product service. Increased competition may lead to price reductions resulting in reduced gross margins and loss of market share.

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We may be unable to successfully introduce new products and, as a result, our business, and financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Product innovations have been and will continue to be a part of our business strategy. We believe it is important we continue to meet our customers’ demands for product innovation, improvement and enhancement, including the continued development of new-generation products, and design improvements and innovations that improve the quality and efficiency of our products including manufacturing seats with airbags, seatbelts and other safety devices and improvements. However, such development will require us to continue to invest in research and development and sales and marketing. Such investments are subject to the risks generally associated with product development, including difficulty in gaining market acceptance, delays in product development and failure of products to operate properly. Additionally, we have exposure to excess costs as we are engaged in multiple development programs for new electric vehicles, each with unique designs and timelines. These electric vehicle programs require the use of a higher level of technical expertise with increased costs and the incremental cost is variable depending on the pace and success rate of the innovation process, the prototyping and mule build process, the production tooling process and then production ramp-up. In addition, our competitors may develop new products before us or may produce similar products that compete with our new products. We may, as a result of these factors, be unable to meaningfully focus on product innovation as a strategy and may therefore be unable to meet our customers’ demands for product innovation, which could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We rely on third parties for raw materials, parts, and components.

We may source a variety of systems, components, raw materials and parts, including but not limited to top covers, fabricated steel, semiconductor chips, chemicals, seat-foam, air bag, air bag inflators, seat belts, and other components from third parties. From time to time these third-party items may not meet the quality standards that we desire, which could harm our reputation, cause delays and cause us to incur significant costs. Furthermore, we may be unable to source third-party items in sufficient quantities or at acceptable prices. We are currently experiencing difficulty sourcing certain raw materials, parts and components required for our operations, which is having an adverse effect on our results of operations.

We could experience disruption in our supply or delivery chain, which could cause one or more of our customers to halt or delay production.

We, as with other component manufactures in the commercial vehicle industry, sometimes ship products to the customers throughout the world so they are delivered on a “just-in-time” basis in order to maintain low inventory levels. Our suppliers (external suppliers as well as our own production sites) also sometimes use a similar method. This just-in-time method makes the logistics supply chain in the industries we serve very complex and very vulnerable to disruptions.

The potential loss of one of our suppliers or our own production sites could be caused by a myriad of factors. Additionally, as we expand in growth markets, the risk for such disruptions is heightened. The lack of even a small single subcomponent necessary to manufacture one of our products, for whatever reason, could force us to cease production, possibly for a prolonged period. In the event of a reduction or stoppage in production at any of our facilities, even if only temporary, or if we experience delays as a result of events that are beyond our control, delivery times to our customers could be severely affected. Any significant delay in deliveries to our customers could lead to increased returns or cancellations. Similarly, a potential quality issue could force us to halt deliveries. Even where products are ready to be shipped or have been shipped, delays may arise before they reach our customer. Our customers may halt or delay their production for the same reason if one of their other suppliers fails to deliver necessary components. This may cause our customers to suspend their orders or instruct us to suspend delivery of our products, which may adversely affect our financial performance. When we cease timely deliveries, we have to absorb our own costs for identifying and solving the root cause problem as well as expeditiously producing replacement components or products. Generally, we must also carry the costs associated with “catching up,” such as overtime and premium freight.

Additionally, if we are the cause for a customer being forced to halt production the customer may seek to recoup all of its losses and expenses from us. These losses and expenses could include consequential losses such as lost profits. Thus, any supply chain disruption, however small, could potentially cause the complete shutdown of an assembly line of one of our customers, and any such shutdown could expose us to claims for compensation. Where a customer halts production because of another supplier failing to deliver on time, we may not be fully compensated, if at all, and therefore our business and financial results could be adversely affected.

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If we are unable to recruit or retain senior management and other skilled personnel, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our operations depend to a large extent on the efforts of our senior management team as well as our ability to attract, train, integrate and retain highly skilled personnel. We seek to develop and retain an effective management team through the proper positioning of existing key employees and the addition of new management personnel where necessary. Retaining personnel with the right skills at competitive wages can be difficult in certain markets in which we are doing business, particularly those locations that are seeing much inbound investment and have highly mobile workforces. Additionally, attracting sufficiently well-educated and talented management, especially middle-management employees, in certain markets can be challenging.

We may not be able to retain our current senior management and other skilled personnel or retain similarly skilled personnel in the future. If we lose senior management or the services of our skilled workforce, or if we are unable to attract, train, integrate and retain the highly skilled personnel we need, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We may be adversely impacted by labor strikes, work stoppages and other matters.

As of December 31, 2021, a majority of employees based in Mexico are unionized. In addition, approximately 74% of our employees of our European, Asian and Australian operations were represented by a shop steward committee, which may limit our flexibility in our relationship with these employees. We may encounter future unionization efforts or other types of conflicts with labor unions or our employees.

Many of our OEM customers and their suppliers also have unionized work forces. Work stoppages or slow-downs experienced by OEMs or their other suppliers could result in slow-downs or closures of assembly plants where our products are included in assembled commercial vehicles. In the event that one or more of our customers or their suppliers experience a material work stoppage, such work stoppage could have an adverse effect on our business.

Additionally, the rapid recovery of certain COVID-19-impacted markets and locales and the low unemployment rate is causing spot shortages of labor. The Company has exposure to cost premiums as we use temporary labor during demand ramp-ups which carries with it a temporary premium cost. The Company is currently at high levels of temporary labor which could have an adverse effect on our business.

Our earnings may be adversely affected by changes to the carrying values of our tangible and intangible assets as a result of recording any impairment charges deemed necessary.

We are required to perform impairment tests whenever events and circumstances indicate the carrying value of certain assets may not be recoverable. We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any impairment of assets. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indication of impairment exists. Factors that may be considered in assessing whether goodwill or other long-lived assets may not be recoverable include a decline in our stock price or market capitalization, reduced estimates of future cash flows, the general economic environment, changes or downturns in our industry as a whole, termination of any of our customer contracts, restructuring efforts and general workforce reductions. A continued decline in our stock price may trigger an evaluation of the recoverability of the recorded goodwill and other long-lived assets. Any charge for impairment could adversely affect our reported net income and our stockholders’ equity.

We have taken, are taking, and may take future restructuring actions to realign and resize our production capacity and cost structure to meet current and projected operational and market requirements. Charges related to these actions or any further restructuring actions may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. There can be no assurance that any current or future restructuring will be completed as planned or achieve the desired results. The failure to complete restructuring as planned could have an adverse effect our results of operations.

We have established and may establish in the future valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. These changes may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.

Additionally, from time to time in the past, we have recorded asset impairment losses relating to specific plants and operations. Generally, we record asset impairment losses when we determine that our estimates of the future undiscounted cash flows from an operation will not be sufficient to recover the carrying value of that facility’s building, fixed assets and production tooling. There can be no assurance that we will not incur charges in the future as changes in economic or operating conditions impacting the estimates and assumptions could result in additional impairment. Any future impairments may adversely affect our results of operations.

Our inability to successfully achieve operational efficiencies could result in the incurrence of additional costs and expenses that could adversely affect our reported earnings.

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As part of our business strategy, we continuously seek ways to lower costs, improve manufacturing efficiencies and increase productivity in our existing operations and intend to apply this strategy to those operations acquired through acquisitions. In addition, we incur restructuring charges periodically to close facilities, such as lease termination charges, severance charges and impairment charges of leasehold improvements and/or machinery and equipment, as we continue to evaluate our manufacturing footprint to improve our cost structure and remove excess, underperforming assets, or assets that no longer fit our goals. If we decide to close or consolidate facilities, we may face execution risks which could adversely affect our ability to serve our customers. Further, we may be unsuccessful in achieving these objectives which could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

The geographic profile of our taxable income could adversely impact our tax provision and therefore our results of operations.

Our future tax provision could be adversely affected by the geographic profile of our taxable income and by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. Our results could be adversely impacted by significant changes in our effective tax rate. Additionally, any changes to manufacturing activities could result in significant changes to our effective tax rate related to products manufactured either in the United States or in international jurisdictions. If the United States or another international jurisdiction implements a tax change related to products manufactured in a particular jurisdiction where we do business, our results could be adversely affected.

Exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations on cross border transactions and translation of local currency results into United States dollars could adversely impact our results of operations.

Cross border transactions, both with external parties and intercompany relationships, result in increased exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. The strengthening or weakening of the United States dollar may result in favorable or unfavorable foreign currency translation effects in as much as the results of our foreign locations are translated into United States dollars. This could adversely impact our results of operations.

We have only limited protection for our proprietary rights in our intellectual property, which makes it difficult to prevent third parties from infringing upon our rights and our operations could be limited by the rights of others.

Our success depends to a certain degree on our ability to protect our intellectual property and to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of third parties. While we have been issued patents and have registered trademarks with respect to many of our products, our competitors could independently develop similar or superior products or technologies, duplicate our designs, trademarks, processes or other intellectual property or design around any processes or designs on which we have or may obtain patents or trademark protection. In addition, it is possible third parties may have or acquire licenses for other technology or designs that we may use or desire to use, requiring us to acquire licenses to, or to contest the validity of, such patents or trademarks of third parties. Such licenses may not be made available to us on acceptable terms, if at all, or we may not prevail in contesting the validity of third party rights.

As we diversify and globalize our geographic footprint, we may encounter laws and practices in emerging markets that are not as stringent or enforceable as those present in developed markets, and thus incur a higher risk of intellectual property infringement, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our products may be susceptible to claims by third parties that our products infringe upon their proprietary rights.

As the number of products in our target markets increases and the functionality of these products further overlaps, we may become increasingly subject to claims by a third party that our technology infringes such party’s proprietary rights. Regardless of their merit, any such claims could be time consuming and expensive to defend, may divert management’s attention and resources, could cause product shipment delays and could require us to enter into costly royalty or licensing agreements. If successful, a claim of infringement against us and our inability to license the infringed or similar technology and/or product could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We may be subject to product liability claims, recalls or warranty claims, which could be expensive, damage our reputation and result in a diversion of management resources.

As a supplier of products and systems, we face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that our products, or the equipment into which our products are incorporated, malfunction and result in injury to person or property

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or death. Product liability claims could result in significant losses as a result of expenses incurred in defending claims or the award of damages.

In addition, we may be required to participate in recalls involving systems or components sold by us if any prove to be defective, or we may or our customers may voluntarily initiate a recall and we have to make payments related to such recalls as a result of various industry or business practices, contractual obligations or the need to maintain good customer relationships. Such a recall would result in a diversion of management resources. While we maintain product liability insurance generally with a self-insured retention amount, we cannot assure you that it will be sufficient to cover all product liability claims, that such claims will not exceed our insurance coverage limits or that such insurance will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Any product liability claim brought against us could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

We warrant the workmanship and materials of many of our products under limited warranties and have entered into warranty agreements with certain customers that warranty certain of our products in the hands of customers of our customers, in some cases for many years. From time to time, we receive product warranty claims from our customers, pursuant to which we may be required to bear costs of repair or replacement of certain of our products. Accordingly, we are subject to risk of warranty claims in the event that our products do not conform to our customers’ specifications or, in some cases in the event that our products do not conform to their customers’ expectations. It is possible for warranty claims to result in costly product recalls, significant repair costs and damage to our reputation, all of which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our businesses are subject to statutory environmental and safety regulations in multiple jurisdictions, and the impact of any changes in regulation and/or the violation of any applicable laws and regulations by our businesses could result in an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to foreign, federal, state, and local laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment and occupational health and safety, including laws regulating air emissions, wastewater discharges, generation, storage, handling, use and transportation of hazardous materials; the emission and discharge of hazardous materials into the soil, ground or air; and the health and safety of our colleagues. We are also required to obtain permits from governmental authorities for certain of our operations. We cannot assure you that we are, or have been, in complete compliance with such environmental and safety laws, and regulations. Certain of our operations generate hazardous substances and wastes. If a release of such substances or wastes occurs at or from our properties, or at or from any offsite disposal location to which substances or wastes from our current or former operations were taken, or if contamination is discovered at any of our current or former properties, we may be held liable for the costs of cleanup and for any other response by governmental authorities or private parties, together with any associated fines, penalties or damages. In most jurisdictions, this liability would arise whether or not we had complied with environmental laws governing the handling of hazardous substances or wastes.

Several of our facilities are either certified as, or are in the process of being certified as ISO 9001, 14000, 14001 or TS16949 (the international environmental management standard) compliant or are developing similar environmental management systems. We have made, and will continue to make, capital and other expenditures to implement such environmental programs and comply with environmental requirements.

The environmental laws to which we are subject have become more stringent over time, and we could incur material costs or expenses in the future to comply with environmental laws. If we violate or fail to comply with these laws and regulations or do not have the requisite permits, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators. In some instances, such a fine or sanction could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

The agreements governing our credit facilities contain covenants that may restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to changes in our business or to take certain actions. If we are unable to comply with these covenants, our business, results of operations and liquidity could be adversely affected.

Our senior secured revolving and term loan credit facilities require us to maintain certain financial ratios and to comply with various operational and other covenants. If we do not comply with those covenants, we would be precluded from borrowing under the senior secured revolving credit facility, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and liquidity. If we are unable to borrow under our senior secured revolving credit facility, we will need to meet our capital requirements using other sources; however, alternative sources of liquidity may not be available on acceptable terms. In addition, if we fail to comply with the covenants set forth in our credit facilities the lenders thereunder could declare an event of default and cause all amounts outstanding thereunder to be due and payable immediately. We cannot assure you that our assets or cash flow would be sufficient to fully repay borrowings under our outstanding credit facilities or other debt instruments we

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may have in place from time to time, either upon maturity or if accelerated, upon an event of default, or that we would be able to refinance or restructure the payments on the credit facilities or such other debt instruments on acceptable terms.

In addition, the agreements governing the senior secured revolving and term loan credit facilities contain covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to:

•incur liens;

•incur or assume additional debt or guarantees or issue preferred stock;

•prepay, or make redemptions and repurchases of, subordinated debt;

•make loans and investments;

•engage in mergers, acquisitions, asset sales, sale/leaseback transactions and transactions with affiliates;

•place restrictions on the ability of subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other payments to the issuer;

•change the business conducted by us or our subsidiaries; and

•amend the terms of subordinated debt.

Our indebtedness may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business, remain in compliance with debt covenants and make payments on our indebtedness.

Our indebtedness, combined with our lease and other financial obligations and contractual commitments could have other important consequences to our stockholders, including:

•making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness, including the revolving credit facility, term loan and our other debt instruments, and any failure to comply with the obligations of any of our debt instruments, including financial and other restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default under the revolving credit facility or term loan and the governing documents of our debt instruments;

•the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay, when due, the principal of, interest on or other amounts due in respect of our indebtedness;

•making us more vulnerable to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions;

•require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

•limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

•placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and

•limiting our ability to borrow additional amounts for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, or execution of our business strategy or other purposes.

Any of these factors could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness depends on our ability to generate cash in the future. If we do not generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service and working capital requirements, we may need to seek additional financing or sell assets. This may make it more difficult for us to obtain financing on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all. Without any such financing, we could be forced to sell assets to make up for any shortfall in our payment obligations under unfavorable circumstances. If necessary, we may not be able to sell assets quickly enough or for sufficient amounts to enable us to meet our obligations.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our operating results, revenues and expenses may fluctuate significantly from quarter-to-quarter or year-to-year, which could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Our operating results, revenues and expenses have in the past varied and may in the future vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter or year-to-year. These fluctuations could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

We base our operating expense budgets in large part on expected revenue trends. However, certain of our expenses are relatively fixed and as such we may be unable to adjust expenses quickly enough to offset any unexpected revenue shortfall. Accordingly, any significant change in revenue may cause significant variation in operating results in any quarter or year.

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It is possible that in one or more future quarters or years, our operating results may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors and may result in changes in analysts’ estimates. In such events, the trading price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

Our common stock has historically had a low trading volume with limited analyst coverage and, as a result, any sale of a significant number of shares may depress the trading price of our stock; stockholders may be unable to sell their shares above the purchase price.

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CVGI.” The trading volume and analyst coverage of our common stock has historically been limited as compared to common stock of an issuer that has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share prices. Because of the limited trading volume, holders of our securities may not be able to sell quickly any significant number of such shares, and any attempted sale of a large number of our shares may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock. Additionally, because of the limited number of shares being traded, and changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding our common stock or lack of analyst coverage, the price per share of our common stock is subject to volatility and may continue to be subject to rapid price swings in the future that may result in stockholders’ inability to sell their common stock at or above purchase price.

Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could discourage potential acquisition proposals, could delay, deter or prevent a change in control and could limit the price certain investors might be willing to pay for our stock.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws may inhibit changes in control of our company not approved by our board of directors. These provisions include:

•a prohibition on stockholder action through written consents;

•a requirement that special meetings of stockholders be called only by the board of directors;

•advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and director nominations;

•limitations on the ability of stockholders to amend, alter or repeal the by-laws; and

•the authority of the board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock and common stock with such terms as the board of directors may determine.

We are also afforded the protections of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which would prevent us from engaging in a business combination with a person who becomes a 15% or greater stockholder for a period of three years from the date such person acquired such status unless certain board or stockholder approvals were obtained. These provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, discourage potential acquisition proposals and delay, deter or prevent a change in control.

General Risk Factors

Security breaches and other disruptions could compromise our information systems and expose us to liability, which could cause our business and reputation to suffer.

In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, financial information, our proprietary business information and that of our customers, suppliers and business partners, and personally identifiable information of our customers and employees, in our data centers and on our networks. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfunction, malfeasance or other disruptions. Like most companies, our systems are under attack on a routine basis. At times there are breaches of our security measures. While past breaches have not been material, there is no guarantee that future breaches could not have a material impact. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, regulatory penalties, disrupt our operations and the services we provide to customers, damage our reputation, and cause a loss of confidence in our products and services, which could adversely affect our business and our results of operations.

Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

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Item 2.Properties

Our corporate office is located in New Albany, Ohio. Several of our facilities are located near our OEM customers to reduce distribution costs, reduce risk of interruptions in our delivery schedule, further improve customer service and provide our customers with reliable delivery of products and services. We have seven owned and 24 leased principal facilities. We consider our properties to generally be in good condition, well maintained, and suitable and adequate to meet our business requirements for the foreseeable future. We do not anticipate difficulty in renewing existing leases as they expire or in finding alternative facilities. Our owned domestic facilities are subject to liens securing our obligations under our revolving credit facility and term loan credit facility as described in Note 3, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Utilization of our facilities varies with North American, European, Asian and Australian commercial vehicle production and general economic conditions in the regions. All locations are principally used for manufacturing, assembly, distribution or warehousing, except for our New Albany, Ohio facility, which is principally an administrative office.

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, stockholders' equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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PART II

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Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CVGI.”

As of March 1, 2022, there were approximately 150 holders of record of our outstanding common stock.

We have not declared or paid any dividends to the holders of our common stock in the past and do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future payment of dividends is within the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other factors, the capital requirements, operating results and financial condition of CVG.

The following graph compares the cumulative five-year total return to holders of CVG’s common stock to the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite Index and a Peer Group. The peer group includes Altra Industrial Motion Corp., American Railcar Industries Inc., ASTEC Industries Inc., Columbus McKinnon Corp., Dorman Products Inc., EnPro Industries, Federal Signal Corp., Freightcar America Inc., Gentherm Inc., L.B. Foster Company, LCI Industries, Modine Manufacturing, Shiloh Industries, Spartan Motors Inc., Standard Motor Products Inc., Stoneridge Inc., and Supreme Industries. Supreme Industries was purchased by Wabash National Corporation and is reported as part of the peer group only through 2017. American Railcar Industries, Inc. was purchased by ITE Management and is reported as part of the peer group only through 2018. Shiloh Industries was purchased by MiddleGround Capital LLC and is reported as part of the peer group only through 2020. The graph assumes that the value of the investment in the Company’s common stock in the peer group and the index (including reinvestment of dividends) was $100 on December 31, 2016 and tracks it through December 31, 2021.

The information in the graph and table above is not “solicitation material”, is not deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference in any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this annual report, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate such information by reference.

We did not repurchase any of our common stock on the open market during 2021. Our employees surrendered 148,358 shares of our common stock in 2021 to satisfy tax withholding obligations on the vesting of restricted stock awards issued under our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan. The following table sets forth information in connection with purchases made by, or on behalf of, us or any affiliated purchaser, of shares of our common stock during the period ended December 31, 2021:

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No other shares were surrendered during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

We did not sell any equity securities during 2021 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Item 6.[Reserved]

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Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with the information set forth in our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The statements in this discussion regarding industry outlook, our long-term strategy, our expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources and other non-historical statements in this discussion are forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Information” on page ii of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under “Item 1A - Risk Factors.” Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Business Overview

CVG is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the warehouse automation markets.

We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Belgium, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Thailand, India and Australia. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customer. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck markets, many construction vehicle OEMs and top e-commerce retailers.

Commercial Trends in the Vehicle Solutions and Aftermarket Segments

Demand for our products may be driven by preferences of the end-user of the vehicle, particularly with respect to heavy-duty trucks in North America. Heavy-duty truck OEMs generally dictate the specifications of component parts that will be used to manufacture the vehicle, including a wide variety of cab interior styles and colors, brand and type of seats, type of seat fabric and color, and interior styling. Certain of our products are only utilized in heavy-duty trucks, such as our storage systems, sleeper boxes and privacy curtains. To the extent that demand for higher content vehicles increases or decreases, our revenues and gross profit will be impacted positively or negatively.

Current trends include future adoption of electric vehicles in the commercial truck segment. Commercial truck makers are developing electric models of all classes of trucks and buses in their fleets. This has created an increased number of platform opportunities relative to historical trends of platform changes. The Company competes to retain its existing positions on platforms that are getting refreshed, competitively win new positions on platforms on which it is not the incumbent supplier, and gain first fit positions on new Electric Vehicle platforms. The global truck market is evolving to include many offerings aimed at low emissions and less impact on the environment.

In general, demand for our heavy-duty (or "Class 8") truck products is generally dependent on the number of new heavy-duty trucks manufactured in North America, which in turn is a function of general economic conditions, supply chain constraints, interest rates, changes in government regulations, consumer spending, fuel costs, freight costs, fleet operators' financial health and access to capital, used truck prices and our customers’ inventory levels. New heavy-duty truck demand has historically been cyclical and is particularly sensitive to the industrial sector of the economy, which generates a significant portion of the freight tonnage hauled by commercial vehicles.

North American heavy-duty truck production was 264,470 units in 2021. According to a February 2022 report by ACT Research, a publisher of industry market research, North American Class 8 production levels are expected to increase to 300,000 units in 2022. ACT Research estimated that the average age of active North American Class 8 trucks was 11 years in 2021. As vehicles age, maintenance costs typically increase. ACT Research forecasts that the vehicle age will decline as aging fleets are replaced.

North American medium-duty (or "Class 5-7") truck production was 235,335 units in 2021. According to a February 2022 report by ACT Research, North American Class 5-7 truck production is expected to increase to 261,000 units in 2022. We primarily participate in the class 6 and 7 portion of the medium-duty truck market.

Commercial Trends in Warehouse Automation Segment

Demand for our warehouse automation subsystems is derived by expansion of supply chain infrastructures to accommodate increased customer orders in e-commerce and product movement globally. As the percentage of products ordered on-line increases, the delivery mechanisms must expand to increase output. Additionally, desire for cost reduction, increased throughput volume and SKU proliferation, a greater variety of order and package types, more frequent product returns by end consumers, and COVID-19-driven social distancing protocols on warehouse floors all have driven increased investment in automated solutions by warehouse operators. The Company assembles the material handling subsystems incorporated into automated warehouses.

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Commercial Trends in the Electrical Systems Segment

Demand for our Electrical Systems products, such as wire harnesses, is primarily driven by construction equipment vehicle production. Demand for new vehicles in the global construction equipment market generally follows certain economic conditions around the world. Our products are primarily used in the medium- and heavy-duty construction equipment markets (vehicles weighing over 12 metric tons). Demand in the medium- and heavy-duty construction equipment market is typically related to the level of large scale infrastructure development projects, such as highways, dams, harbors, hospitals, airports and industrial development, as well as activity in the mining, forestry and commodities industries.

Other Key Developments

On October 25, 2021, the Company provided notice to the Volvo Group (“Volvo”) of the Company’s intention to terminate its agreement with Volvo, with such termination to become effective twelve months from the date of notice, absent the parties reaching mutually agreeable terms upon which to continue their relationship. The Company is focused on implementing customer price increases where margin on product is not meeting profitability targets. If no such agreement is reached, the loss of business from Volvo could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations as sales to Volvo represented more than 10% of reported consolidated net sales during each of the three most recent years.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused and continues to cause, significant volatility, uncertainty and economic disruptions to our business. While we continue to operate our facilities, we may experience production slowdowns and/or shutdowns at our manufacturing facilities in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific as a result of government orders, our inability to obtain component parts from suppliers and/or inconsistent customer demand. In addition, many of our suppliers and customers may experience production slowdowns and/or shutdowns, which may further impact our business, sales and results of operation. The extent of the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business results depends on a number of factors beyond our control.

While backlog was strong in the truck markets during the year ended December 31, 2021, all markets we operate in were impacted by supply chain constraints which caused volatility on our customers' production schedules and had a negative impact on our results. Overall, we continued to experience global supply chain disruptions and significant inflation, including longer lead-times to procure parts from China and due to port backups, labor inflation, chip shortages, steel and other raw material inflation, and freight cost increases. The impact of the pandemic and related economic recovery continue to be uneven from period to period and across our global footprint based on local and regional outbreaks. We continue to proactively monitor, assess and minimize to the extent possible disruptions and delays in production due to labor shortages or customer schedules, focus on cost control and recovery through pricing adjustments, and take reasonable measures to protect our workforce.

On November 1, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors approved a restructuring program to align the Company’s cost structure to support margin expansion. The program includes workforce reductions and footprint optimization across segments. We incurred $1.9 million expense during the year ended December 31, 2021 related to this program and expect the cost to be between $4.0 million to $6.0 million for the entire program.

2022 Demand Outlook

According to a February 2022 report by ACT Research, a publisher of industry market research, 2021 North American Class 8 truck build production was 264,470 units and Class 5-7 production was 235,335 units. 2022 North American Class 8 truck production levels are forecast to be at 300,000 units. We are estimating the industry will be able to make approximately 270,000 trucks, or roughly flat to 2021. 2022 Class 5-7 production are expected to be at 261,000 units. This outlook supports demand for the Company’s truck products.

According to LogisticsIQ, demand for warehouse automation products is expected to grow approximately 14% per year through 2026. This outlook supports demand for the Company's warehouse automation products.

Our Long-term Strategy

The Company's long-term strategy is to increase its sales, profits and shareholder value by financially optimizing its core legacy businesses, organically growing in targeted areas, strengthening its product portfolio, increasing its margins and adding to its business segments through a focused M&A program. The Company expects to diversify its revenue and profits by product, customer, platform, and end market. Our products include seating systems, plastic components, cab structures, warehouse automation subsystems, electrical wire harnesses, mirrors, wipers and other accessories.

We believe we are having success with our strategy to strengthen our business, including:

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•A growing current business in the warehouse automation market primarily through business expansion enabled by the FSE acquisition in 2019;

•A growing amount of future business in new emerging electric vehicle platforms as a multi-product global provider of electric vehicle design, subsystems and components; and

•A growing amount of new business wins that are in diverse end markets but fit the company’s current know-how, assets, and footprint.

We expect to lessen our dependence on certain products and markets, broaden the company’s customer list, broaden the company’s product offering and increase our margins. The goal is to become less cyclical and less customer concentrated and increase focus in other end markets.

We have a long-term strategy to globally optimize our cost structure through manufacturing process enhancements, low cost footprint and global sourcing. We periodically evaluate our short-term and long-term strategies and may adjust actions in response to changes in our business environment and other factors, such as implementing restructuring as needed.

We are also supplementing our organic strategies by evaluating strategic acquisition opportunities. The company has many opportunities to accomplish this type of business improvement and is being selective. The goal is to strengthen / enhance current positions, enter new markets, develop relationships with new customers, and enhance service to our customers, leading to increased return to our stockholders.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The table below sets forth certain operating data expressed as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated (dollars are in thousands):

Goodwill and other impairment — — 29,017 4.0 — —

Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,155 0.7 — — — —

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Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020

Consolidated Results

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the periods indicated (dollars are in thousands):

1.Not meaningful

Fluctuations in results from operations during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 compared to twelve months ended December 31, 2020 were primarily driven by weak operating performance during the second and third quarters of 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Revenues. The increase in consolidated revenues resulted from:

•a $143.6 million, or 26.1%, increase in sales to OEM;

•a $99.1 million, or 151.9%, increase in warehouse automation sales;

•a $6.4 million, or 6.4%, increase in aftermarket and OES sales; and

•a $4.8 million, or 112.0%, increase in other revenues.

Twelve months ended December 31, 2021 revenues were favorably impacted by foreign currency exchange translation of $13.2 million, which is reflected in the change in revenues above.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits and other expenses such as Contingent Consideration, marketing, travel, legal, audit, rent and utilities costs, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacturing of our products. SG&A expenses increased $1.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 primarily as a result of wages and benefits returning to or increasing beyond pre-pandemic levels in 2021 when compared to the reduced wages and benefits in 2020 due to the temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase was offset by a decrease in non-recurring payments relating to CEO transition and investigation expense incurred during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 of $5.2 million, a $4.4 million decrease in charge for Contingent Consideration, and a $1.5 million decrease in charges associated with ongoing restructuring initiatives. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 7.1% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 compared to 9.5% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

Impairment Expense. As a result of the Company's market capitalization having a value less than the carrying value of its equity for a period of time and market conditions impacting long-lived assets, the Company determined it had impairment indicators during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. Accordingly, we recognized a $27.1 million impairment of goodwill and impairment of long-lived assets of $1.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, which did not recur in 2021.

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Other (Income) Expense. Other income increased $1.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 due primarily to a favorable change in foreign currency of $0.9 million.

Interest Expense. Interest associated with our debt was $11.2 million and $20.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The decrease primarily related to a lower interest expense of $7.0 million due to refinancing of the Company's long term debt in April 2021, a decrease of $3.2 million in Payment In Kind interest expense resulting from the loan amendment that occurred in the second quarter of 2020 and a favorable change in interest rate swap adjustments of $1.0 million.

Loss on extinguishment of debt. On April 30, 2021, the Company refinanced its long-term debt, which resulted in a loss of $7.2 million, including a $3.7 million non-cash write off relating to deferred financing costs and unamortized discount of the 2023 Term Loan Facility, a voluntary prepayment premium of $3.0 million and $0.5 million of other fees associated with the new debt.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes. Income tax expense of $8.4 million and an income tax benefit of $7.5 million were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to the $32.1 million pre-tax income generated in the current year versus the $44.5 million pre-tax loss sustained in the prior year period.

Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

Consolidated Results

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the periods indicated (dollars are in thousands):

1.Not meaningful

In late March 2020, the Company took action to right-size the business and working capital profile to protect profit margin and liquidity levels. We implemented a comprehensive program of cost reduction initiatives and manufacturing capacity rationalization initiatives. These actions continued through the end of 2020. Actions included headcount reductions, reduction in recurring consulting expenses, re-prioritization and decrease in capital spending and reduction in sales and marketing expenses. Additionally, the Company eliminated the Corporate Business Development, Aviation, Quality, Procurement and Operating Excellence departments. The Company also implemented other temporary measures including pay reductions, plant shutdowns, furloughs, elimination of most annual incentive pay, suspension of the employer 401(k) match, and reduction in non-essential travel in an effort to mitigate the uncertainty.

Revenues. Consolidated revenues of $717.7 million decreased $183.5 million compared to 2019 primarily due to North American MD/HD truck production volume decreases in 2020, resulting in decreased sales into that market. Consolidated revenues in 2020 compared to 2019 were as follows:

•a $213.5 million, or 38.9%, decrease in sales to OEM;

•a $63.6 million, or 97.4%, increase in warehouse automation sales primarily attributable to the timing of the FSE acquisition which occurred in September 2019;

•a $31.2 million, or 24.0%, decrease in aftermarket and OES sales; and

•a $2.4 million, or 57.1%, decrease in other revenues.

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While the end markets CVG serves were anticipated to decline somewhat in 2020 as compared to 2019, the sharp market declines noted in the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 were primarily a result of the COVID-19 pandemic on the end markets we serve. These sharp market declines were partially offset by increased sales in industrial and military end markets we serve through the FSE business acquired in 2019. Revenues were adversely impacted by foreign currency exchange translation of $0.2 million, which is reflected in the change in revenue above.

Gross Profit. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which consists primarily of raw materials and purchased components for our products, wages and benefits for our employees and overhead expenses such as manufacturing supplies, facility rent and utilities costs related to our operations. The decrease in gross profit is primarily attributable to the decrease in sales volume. Cost of revenues decreased $152.5 million, or 19.2% in line with the sales decrease of 20.4%. The cost of revenue decrease included a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $99.0 million, or 19.5%; a decrease in wages and benefits of $16.2 million, or 22.4%; and a decrease in overhead expenses of $37.3 million, or 17.3%. During 2019, the Company began implementing cost reduction and manufacturing capacity rationalization initiatives (the "Restructuring Initiatives") in response to declines in end market volumes. The Restructuring Initiatives consisted primarily of headcount reductions in each segment and at corporate. Cost of revenues benefited from the Restructuring Initiatives and the Temporary Actions. The twelve months ended December 31, 2020 results include charges of $4.7 million associated with ongoing Restructuring Initiatives. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 10.3% for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 11.7% for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses increased $2.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 due primarily to a $5.0 million charge for future milestone payments related to the performance of the FSE business, increase in charges of $1.4 million associated with ongoing Restructuring Initiatives, $3.1 million increase in incentive compensation costs, 2020 charges of $4.0 million associated with the 2018 and quarterly 2019 financial statements restatement investigation and $2.3 million in costs associated with the CEO transition. These costs were offset by the Restructuring Initiatives and the Temporary Actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Impairment Expense. As a result of the Company's market capitalization maintaining a value less than the carrying value of its equity for a period of time, the Company determined it had an impairment indicator during the first quarter of 2020. Accordingly, we recognized a $27.1 million impairment of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2020. Additionally during the first quarter of 2020, the Company determined it had an impairment indicator of long-lived assets due to market conditions resulting in an impairment of $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Other Expense. Other expenses decreased $1.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 due primarily to the prior year $2.5 million non-cash charge associated with the early payout of benefits to term vested participants in the U.S. pension plan, which reduced future financial risk associated with the U.S. pension plan and contributed to an improvement in funded status of that plan to approximately 100%. The offset to this decrease is primarily attributable to an unfavorable change in foreign exchange translation adjustments of $1.2 million.

Interest Expense. Interest associated with our debt was $20.6 million and $16.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase primarily related to a $5.4 million Payment In Kind interest expense resulting from the amendment to our credit facilities that occurred in the second quarter of 2020. The increase was offset by lower interest expense of $1.6 million due to declining interest rates.

(Benefit) Provision for Income Taxes. An income tax benefit of $7.5 million and an income tax provision of $5.8 million were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to the $44.5 million pre-tax loss sustained in 2020 versus the $21.6 million pre-tax income generated in 2019, and unfavorable valuation allowance adjustments resulting in $2.1 million income tax expense in 2020 versus a $2.1 million income tax benefit in 2019.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $1.3 million U.S. federal income tax benefit for the impact of the High-Tax Exception to GILTI which consisted of a $0.5 million tax benefit related to the year ended December 31, 2019, and a $0.8 million tax benefit related to the year ended December 31, 2018.

SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Vehicle Solutions Segment Results

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 and Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the twelve months ended, (dollars are in thousands):

Revenues. The increase in 2021 revenues of $132.3 million from 2020 is primarily a result of volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. The decrease in 2020 revenues of $211.4 million from 2019 was primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic causing demand reductions in the Class 8 truck market.

Gross Profit. The increase in 2021 gross profit of $18.2 million from 2020 was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. Cost of revenues increased $114.1 million, or 34.1%, in line with the sales increase of 36.1%. The cost of revenue increase included an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $92.4 million, or 45.1%; an increase in wages and benefits of $6.3 million, or 25.0%; and an increase in overhead expenses of $15.4 million, or 14.8%. The decrease in 2020 gross profit of $32.7 million from 2019 was primarily due to volume declines and the related Restructuring Initiatives and temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit for each of the years in the three‐year period ended December 31, 2021, was 10.1%, 8.8%, and 11.3%, respectively. The decrease in 2020 was primarily due to fixed cost pressure during the height of the COVID-19 related disruptions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in 2021 SG&A expenses of $4.4 million from 2020 was primarily due to wages and benefits returning to or increasing beyond pre-pandemic levels in 2021 when compared to the reduced wages and benefits in 2020 due to the temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which were reduced $2.4 million over 2019.

Impairment Expense. The Company recorded an impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

Warehouse Automation Segment Results

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 and Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

The table below sets forth certain Warehouse Automation Segment operating data for the twelve months ended, (dollars are in thousands):

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Revenues. The increase in 2021 revenues of $86.3 million from 2020 is primarily a result of volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. The increase in 2020 revenues of $88.9 million from 2019 was primarily a result of the timing of the FSE acquisition which occurred in September 2019.

Gross Profit. The increase in 2021 gross profit of $16.5 million from 2020 was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. Cost of revenues increase $69.8 million, or 78.9%, in line with the sales increase of 84.9%. The cost of revenue increase included an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $55.3 million, or 77.9%; an increase in wages and benefits of $3.7 million, or 58.6%; and an increase in overhead expenses of $10.7 million, or 96.8%. The increase in 2020 gross profit of $12.0 million from 2019 was primarily attributable to the timing of the FSE acquisition which occurred in September 2019.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit for each of the years in the three‐year period ended December 31, 2021, was 15.8%, 13.0%, and 9.7%, respectively. The sequential increase is primarily due to fixed cost leverage.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The decrease in 2021 SG&A expenses of $3.6 million from 2020 was primarily due to wages and benefits returning to or increasing beyond pre-pandemic levels in 2021 when compared to the reduced wages and benefits in 2020 due to the temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, offset by a $5.0 million decrease in charge for Contingent Consideration. In 2020 SG&A expenses had increased by $8.3 million over 2019 due to the timing of the FSE acquisition.

Impairment Expense. The Company recorded an impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

Electrical Systems Segment Results

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 and Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the twelve months ended, (dollars are in thousands):

Revenues. The increase in 2021 revenues of $27.9 million from 2020 is primarily a result of volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. The decrease in 2020 revenues of $37.3 million from 2019 was primarily a result of the COVID-19 pandemic on the end markets we serve.

Gross Profit. The increase in 2021 gross profit of $8.6 million from 2020 was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. Cost of revenues increased $19.3 million, or 15.0%, in line with the sales increase of 19.8%. The cost of revenue increase included an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $12.0 million, or 17.0%; an increase in wages and benefits of $3.7 million, or 18.7%; and an increase in overhead expenses of $3.5 million, or 9.2%. The decrease in 2020 gross profit of $4.4 million from 2019 was primarily due to volume declines and the related Restructuring Initiatives and temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit for each of the years in the three‐year period ended December 31, 2021, was 12.3%, 8.6%, and 9.3%, respectively. The decrease in 2020 was primarily due to fixed cost pressure during the height of the COVID-19 related disruptions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in 2021 SG&A expenses of $2.2 million from 2020 was primarily due to wages and benefits returning to or increasing beyond pre-pandemic levels in 2021 when compared to the reduced wages and benefits in 2020 due to the temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which were reduced $1.3 million over 2019.

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Impairment Expense. The Company recorded an impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 and Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the twelve months ended, (dollars are in thousands):

Revenues. The increase in 2021 revenues of $7.5 million from 2020 is primarily a result of volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases. The decrease in 2020 revenues of $23.7 million from 2019 was primarily a result of the COVID-19 pandemic on the end markets we serve.

Gross Profit. The increase in 2021 gross profit of $1.3 million from 2020 was consistent with the revenue increase. Cost of revenues increased $6.1 million, or 6.7%, in line with the sales increase of 6.9%. The cost of revenue increase included an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $1.1 million, or 1.8%; an increase in wages and benefits of $3.3 million, or 69.0%; and an increase in overhead expenses of $1.8 million, or 7.1%. The decrease in 2020 gross profit of $5.6 million from 2019 was primarily due to volume declines and the related Restructuring Initiatives and temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit for each of the years in the three‐year period ended December 31, 2021, was 15.5%, 15.4%, and 16.9%, respectively. The decrease in 2020 was primarily due to fixed cost pressure during the height of the COVID-19 related disruptions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in 2021 SG&A expenses of $0.5 million from 2020 was primarily due to wages and benefits returning to or increasing beyond pre-pandemic levels in 2021 when compared to the reduced wages and benefits in 2020 due to the temporary actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which were reduced $1.2 million over 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company borrowed $49.4 million under its revolving credit facility. At December 31, 2021, the Company had liquidity of $109.2 million; $35.0 million of cash and $74.2 million availability from its revolving credit facility.

We intend to allocate resources consistent with the following priorities: (1) invest in growth; (2) invest in operational improvements; (3) manage working capital; (4) to reduce debt; and (5) other actions deemed appropriate by management to improve operational performance.

Our primary source of liquidity during the year ended December 31, 2021 was cash and availability under our revolving credit facility. We believe that these sources of liquidity will provide adequate funds for our working capital needs, planned capital expenditures and servicing of our debt through the next twelve months. However, there is no assurance that these sources of capital will provide for our funding needs. We also rely on the timely collection of receivables as a source of liquidity. As of December 31, 2021, we had $49.4 million of borrowings under our revolving credit facility, outstanding letters of credit of $1.4 million and borrowing availability of $74.2 million.

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receivable from customers per month. Additionally, the Amendment increased the Company’s capital expenditure investment threshold from $25.0 million to $32.0 million.

As of December 31, 2021, cash of $34.6 million was held by foreign subsidiaries. The Company had a $0.5 million deferred tax liability as of December 31, 2021 for the expected future income tax implications of repatriating cash from the foreign subsidiaries for which no indefinite reinvestment assertion has been made.

Covenants and Liquidity

Our ability to comply with the covenants in the Credit Agreement, as discussed in Note 3, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, may be affected by economic or business conditions beyond our control. Based on our current forecast, we believe that we will be able to maintain compliance with the financial maintenance covenants and the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant, if applicable, and other covenants in the Credit Agreement for the next twelve months; however, no assurances can be given that we will be able to comply. We base our forecasts on historical experience, industry forecasts and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. If actual results are substantially different than our current forecast we may not be able to comply with our financial covenants. If we do not comply with the financial and other covenants in the Credit Agreement, the lenders could declare an event of default under the Credit Agreement and our indebtedness thereunder could be declared immediately due and payable. The Credit Agreement contain cross default provisions. If we are unable to borrow under the Credit Agreement, we will need to meet our capital requirements using alternative sources of liquidity which may not be available on acceptable terms. Any of these events would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and liquidity.

Cash Flows

(In thousands)

Net cash (used) provided by operating activities $ (29,832) $ 34,372 $ 36,746

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash 842 2,302 (56)

Operating activities. For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in operations was $29.8 million compared to the net cash provided by operations of $34.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash used in operating activities is primarily attributable to the increase in working capital for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the prior year period.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash provided by operations was $34.4 million compared to $36.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to the decrease in net income associated with the sales declines in the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the to the prior year period. This reduction was offset by cash generated from working capital primarily resulting from timing of the payment of payables and expenses.

Investing activities. For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in investing activities was $17.6 million compared to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. In 2022, we expect capital expenditures to be in the range of $20 million to $25 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in investing activities was $6.4 million compared to $58.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in investing activities is primarily due to the FSE Acquisition for $34.0 million during 2019, and decreased capital spending in 2020.

Financing activities. For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities was $31.0 million compared to the net cash used in financing activities of $19.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 is attributable to $49.4 million of net borrowings under the revolving credit facility offset by $8.0 million of costs attributed to debt amendment and extinguishment completed during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and a $5.0 million Contingent Consideration payment. Net cash used in financing activities for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 is attributable to an additional repayment of $5.0 million of the senior secured term loan credit facility and loan amendment costs of $2.8 million

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For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in financing activities was $19.3 million compared to $10.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 is attributable to additional repayment of $10.0 million of the senior secured term loan credit facility and associated fees, along with a contingent consideration milestone payment of $1.0 million related to the FSE acquisition.

Debt and Credit Facilities

The debt and credit facility summaries described in Note 3, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are incorporated in this section by reference.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following table reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Payments Due by Period

Total 1 Year 2-3 Years 4-5 Years More than5 Years

We estimated future interest payments based on the effective interest rate as of December 31, 2021. Since December 31, 2021, there have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations as set forth above.

We expect to contribute approximately $1.1 million to our UK pension plan in 2022. No contributions are expected to be made to our U.S. pension plan in 2022.

Generally, we enter into agreements with our customers at the beginning of a given vehicle platform’s life to supply products for the entire life of that vehicle platform. These agreements generally provide for the supply of a customer’s production requirements for a particular platform rather than for the purchase of a specific quantity of products. The obligations under these agreements and regulations are not reflected in the contractual obligations table above.

As of December 31, 2021, we were not a party to significant purchase obligations for goods or services.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). For a comprehensive discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis, particularly relating to accounts receivable reserves, inventory reserves, goodwill, intangible and long-lived assets, income taxes, warranty reserves, litigation reserves and pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets, liabilities and equity that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results and outcomes could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions. See Item 1A - Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding risk factors that may impact our estimates.

Revenue Recognition — We recognize revenue when our performance obligation has been satisfied and control of products has been transferred to a customer, which typically occurs upon shipment. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transfer of goods or services. We enter into agreements with certain customers in the Vehicle Solutions segment at the beginning of a vehicle platform’s life to supply products for that vehicle platform. Once we enter into such agreements, fulfillment of our requirements is our obligation for the entire production life of

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the platform and we have no provisions to terminate such contracts. Management judgments and estimates must be made in estimating sales returns and allowances relating to revenue recognized in a given period.

Inventory — Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out cost or net realizable value. Cost includes applicable material, labor and overhead. We value our finished goods inventory at a standard cost that is periodically adjusted to approximate actual cost. Inventory quantities on-hand are regularly reviewed, and where necessary, provisions for excess and obsolete inventory are recorded based primarily on our estimated production requirements driven by expected market volumes.

Income Taxes — We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in our financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax laws and rates expected to be in place when the deferred tax items are realized. We recognize tax positions initially in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. We provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a portion of such deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as foreign currency exchange and interest rates. We do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We enter into financial instruments, from time to time, to manage the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates and to hedge a portion of future anticipated currency transactions. The counterparties are primarily major financial institutions.

Interest Rate Risk

We manage our interest rate risk by balancing the amount of our fixed rate and variable rate debt. To manage its exposure to variable interest rates in a cost-efficient manner, the Company enters into interest rate swaps in which the Company agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and variable interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to fix the interest rate on an initial aggregate amount of $73.1 million, which is 50% of the outstanding Term Loan Facility as of December 31, 2021 thereby reducing exposure to interest rate changes. A change in our variable interest rate of 100 basis points for a full twelve-month period would have an approximate $1.0 million impact on interest expense assuming approximately 50% of our average fiscal 2021 variable-rate term loan debt had not been hedged via an interest rate swap agreement.

In connection with the transition away from the use of the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) as an interest rate benchmark, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that for U.S. dollar LIBOR, the cessation date has been deferred to June 30, 2023 for the most commonly used tenors (overnight and one, three, six and 12 months). Prior to the USD LIBOR ceasing to be published or no longer represented, we will work with our credit lending banks and expect to come to an agreement to replace the benchmark rate on our floating rate debt to be in line with the industry recommended benchmark replacement, which is likely the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus a spread adjustment.

Additionally, with respect to our interest rate swaps, we are managing the transition from LIBOR based on industry-wide LIBOR reform efforts, including the LIBOR protocols issued by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association.

We are in the process of managing the transition, and any financial impact will be accounted for under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.

Foreign Currency Risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We use forward exchange contracts to hedge certain foreign currency transaction exposures. We estimate our projected revenues and purchases in certain foreign currencies and locations and will hedge a portion or all of the anticipated long or short position. The contracts typically run from one month up to eighteen months. To mitigate our exposure to Mexican Pesos, where we have our greatest exposure, we have entered into multiple monthly forward exchange contracts that have been designated as cash flow hedge instruments which are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. Noncash gains and losses are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized when settled in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We do not hold or issue foreign exchange options or forward contracts for trading purposes.

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Outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at December 31, 2021 are more fully described in Note 6, Fair Value Measurement, to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the potential reduction in earnings from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in quoted foreign currency spot rates applied to foreign currency sensitive instruments would have been immaterial.

Foreign Currency Transactions

A portion of our revenues during the year ended December 31, 2021 were derived from manufacturing operations outside of the U.S. The results of operations and the financial position of our operations in these other countries are primarily measured in their respective currency and translated into U.S. Dollars. A portion of the expenses incurred in these countries is in currencies different from which revenue is generated. As discussed above, from time to time, we enter into forward exchange contracts to mitigate a portion of this currency risk. The reported income of these operations will be higher or lower depending on a weakening or strengthening of the U.S. Dollar against the respective foreign currency.

A portion of our long-term assets and liabilities at December 31, 2021 are based in our foreign operations and are translated into U.S. Dollars at foreign currency exchange rates in effect as of the end of each period with the effect of such translation reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Accordingly, our stockholders’ investment will fluctuate depending upon the weakening or strengthening of the U.S. Dollar against the respective foreign currency. The principal currencies of exposure are the Mexican Peso, Chinese Yuan, British Pound, Euro, Czech Koruna, Australian Dollar, Japanese Yen, Indian Rupee, Thai Baht, and Ukrainian Hryvnia. Foreign currency translation adversely impacted fiscal year 2021 revenues by $13.2 million.

Effects of Inflation

Inflation potentially affects us in two principal ways. First, borrowings under our revolving credit facility are tied to prevailing short-term interest rates that may change as a result of inflation rates, translating into changes in interest expense. Second, general inflation can impact material purchases, labor, and pension liabilities. In many cases, we have limited ability to pass through inflation-related cost increases due to the competitive nature of the markets that we serve.

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Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Documents Filed as Part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K

Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 36

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 40

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 43

Item 15 - Exhibits 77

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors

Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 1, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Testing of revenue

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, revenue is recognized when a performance obligation has been satisfied and control of products has been transferred to the customer, usually at a designated shipping point and in accordance with customer specifications. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the transfer of goods or services. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded $971.6 million of revenue.

We identified the testing of revenue as a critical audit matter due to the large volume of data and the number and complexity of the revenue accounting systems. While revenues consist of a large number of similar, individually low value transactions, the processing and recording of revenue is reliant upon multiple information technology (IT) systems used to process large volumes

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of customer billing data. Specialized skills and knowledge were needed to test the IT systems used for the processing and recording of revenue.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over revenue. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the processing and recording of revenue. This included controls over the IT systems and automated and manual process level controls related to the processing and recording of revenue. For a selection of transactions, we (1) compared the amount of revenue recorded to a combination of Company internal data, executed contracts, and/or other relevant and reliable third-party data, including cash received from customers and (2) evaluated the timing of revenue recognition based on the shipment date. In addition, we involved IT professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in the identification and testing of certain IT systems used by the Company for the processing and recording of revenue. We evaluated the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained by assessing the results of procedures performed, including the appropriateness of the nature and extent of the audit effort.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

Columbus, Ohio

March 1, 2022

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Goodwill and other impairment — 29,017 —

Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,155 — —

Earnings (loss) per common share

Weighted average shares outstanding

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

(In thousands)

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation adjustments (1,421) 5,008 (1,185)

Change in defined benefit plans, net of tax 4,673 (5,041) 2,738

Derivative instruments, net of tax (684) 977 (32)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31, 2021 and 2020

ASSETS (in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Current assets:

Operating lease right-of-use asset, net 26,116 30,047

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Current operating lease liabilities 9,048 9,236

Current portion of long-term debt 9,375 2,429

Long-term operating lease liabilities 18,519 23,932

Pension and other post-retirement liabilities 9,905 15,296

Stockholders’ equity:

Accumulated other comprehensive loss (42,438) (45,006)

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 507,693 $ 454,373

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

Shares Amount

(In thousands, except share data )

Issuance of restricted stock 418,553 5 — — — — 5

Surrender of common stock by employees (130,141) — (985) — — — (985)

Share-based compensation expense — — — 2,845 — — 2,845

Cumulative effect of adoption of Topic 842 — — — — (72) — (72)

Issuance of restricted stock 544,787 (10) — — — — (10)

Surrender of common stock by employees (96,231) — (663) — — — (663)

Share-based compensation expense — — — 3,460 — — 3,460

Issuance of restricted stock 933,139 8 — — — — 8

Surrender of common stock by employees (148,358) — (1,279) — — — (1,279)

Share-based compensation expense — — — 6,254 — — 6,254

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

(In thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Impairment expense — 29,017 —

Noncash amortization of debt financing costs 1,008 1,929 1,393

Payment in kind interest expense 2,254 5,431 —

Noncash loss (gain) on forward exchange contracts (788) 299 1,972

Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,155 — —

Change in other operating items:

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Proceeds from disposal/sale of property, plant and equipment 87 722 23

Payments for acquisition of business — — (34,000)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Borrowings under term loan facility 150,000 — —

Repayment of term loan facility (3,750) — —

Borrowings under revolving credit facility 86,200 — —

Repayment of revolving credit facility (36,800) — —

Surrender of common stock by employees (1,279) (663) (985)

Debt extinguishment payments and early payment fees on debt (3,031) — —

Contingent consideration payment (5,000) (1,000) —

Other financing activities, net (342) (445) (443)

Net cash provided by ( used in) financing activities 31,011 (19,262) (10,113)

EFFECT OF CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH 842 2,302 (56)

CASH:

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

1. Significant Accounting Policies

Organization - Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the warehouse automation markets. References herein to the "Company", "CVG", "we", "our", or "us" refer to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customers. We believe our trucking products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck markets, many construction vehicle original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), and top e-commerce retailers.

We report our financial results by business segment; more specifically, Vehicle Solutions, Warehouse Automation, Electrical Systems and Aftermarket & Accessories. In the quarter ended December 31, 2021, we completed a strategic reorganization of our operations into four segments, As a result of the strategic reorganization, the prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the new organization structure. The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), its President and Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information for these four reportable segments and makes decisions regarding the allocation of resources based on these segments. See Note 17, Segment Reporting, for more information.

Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts in the tables below are in thousands, except share and per share amounts.

Principles of Consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly-owned or controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ materially from those estimates. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to footnote presentation for the current year.

Cash - Cash consists of deposits with high credit-quality financial institutions.

Accounts Receivable - Trade accounts receivable are stated at current value less allowances, which approximates fair value. We review our receivables on an ongoing basis to ensure that they are properly valued and collectible.

The allowance for credit losses is used to record the estimated risk of loss related to our customers’ inability to pay. This allowance is maintained at a level that we consider appropriate based on factors that affect collectability, such as the financial health of our customers, historical trends of charge-offs and recoveries and current and expected economic market conditions. As we monitor our receivables, we identify customers that may have payment problems, and we adjust the allowance accordingly, with the offset to selling, general and administrative expense. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when recovery is considered remote.

Inventories - Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out cost or market and are measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory quantities on-hand are regularly reviewed and when necessary provisions for excess and obsolete inventory are recorded based primarily on our estimated production requirements, taking into consideration expected market volumes and future potential use.

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Inventories consisted of the following as of December 31:

Property, Plant and Equipment - Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.

Property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following as of December 31:

Property, plant and equipment, net $ 63,126 $ 62,776

For financial reporting purposes, depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (generally 15 to 40 years for buildings and building improvements, three to 20 years for machinery and equipment, three to seven years for tools and dies, and three to five years for computer hardware and software). Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major betterments and renewals that extend the useful lives of property, plant and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful lives of the asset. When assets are retired or sold, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the results of operations. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the improvements or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Accelerated depreciation methods are used for tax reporting purposes. Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $15.1 million, $15.1 million and $13.6 million, respectively.

We review long-lived assets for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts of an asset group may not be recoverable. Our asset groups are established by determining the lowest level of cash flows available. If the estimated undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amounts of such assets, we recognize an impairment loss in an amount necessary to write down the assets to fair value as estimated from expected future discounted cash flows. Estimating the fair value of these assets is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain.

Leases - The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. As most leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The length of a lease term includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. The Company's accounting policy election is to not recognize lease assets or liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less. Additionally, when accounting for leases, the Company combines payments for leased assets, related services and other components of a lease.

Revenue Recognition - We recognize revenue when our performance obligation has been satisfied and control of products has been transferred to a customer, which typically occurs upon shipment. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transfer of goods or services.

Refer to Note 2, Revenue Recognition, for our revenue recognition policies.

Income Taxes - We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in our financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities based on enacted tax laws and rates expected to be in place when the deferred tax items are realized. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a portion of such deferred tax assets will not be realized.

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We evaluate tax positions for recognition by determining, based on the weight of available evidence, whether it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon audit. Any interest and penalties related to our uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax expense.

Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Comprehensive income (loss) reflects the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources including foreign currency translation, derivative instruments and pension and other post-retirement adjustments. See Note 13, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, for a rollforward of activity in accumulated comprehensive loss.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The fair value framework requires the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (i.e., inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and inactive markets.

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

Concentrations of Credit Risk - Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. We sell products to various companies throughout the world in the ordinary course of business. We routinely assess the financial strength of our customers and maintain allowances for anticipated losses. As of December 31, 2021, receivables from our five top customers represented approximately 51% of total receivables.

Foreign Currency Translation - Our functional currency is the local currency. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period; revenue and costs are translated using average exchange rates for the period. The related translation adjustments are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Translation gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity are included in the results of operations.

Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts - We use forward exchange contracts to hedge certain foreign currency transaction exposures. We estimate our projected revenues and purchases in certain foreign currencies or locations and hedge a portion of the anticipated long or short position. The contracts typically run from one month to eighteen months. All forward foreign exchange contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments have been marked-to-market and the fair value of contracts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets with the offsetting non-cash gain or loss recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For forward contracts that are designated as hedging instruments, the gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations when the contracts are settled. We do not hold or issue foreign exchange options or forward contracts for trading purposes.

Interest Rate Swap Agreement - We use an interest rate swap agreement to fix the interest rate on a portion of our variable interest debt thereby reducing exposure to interest rate changes. The interest rate swap agreement was formally designated at inception as a hedging instrument. Therefore, changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations when the contracts are settled.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting". The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. Also, in January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01 "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope", to clarify that certain provisions in Topic 848, if elected by an entity, apply to derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment that is modified as a result of reference rate reform. The guidance was effective upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into on or before December 31, 2022. The Company will apply the guidance to impacted transactions during the transition period. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Accounting Pronouncements Implemented During the Year Ended December 31, 2021

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes". The ASU simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and otherwise clarifies and amends existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company implemented ASU 2019-12 as of January 1, 2021 and the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In October 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-10, "Codification Improvements". The ASU updates various codification topics by clarifying and improving disclosure requirements to align with the SEC's regulations. The Company implemented ASU 2020-10 as of January 1, 2021 and the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

2. Revenue Recognition

Our products include seating systems, plastic components, cab structures, warehouse automation subsystems, electrical wire harnesses, mirrors, wipers and other accessories. We sell these products into multiple geographic regions including North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific and to multiple end markets. The nature, timing and uncertainty of recognition of revenue and associated cash flows across the varying product lines, geographic regions and customer end markets is substantially consistent.

Contractual Arrangements - Revenue is measured based on terms and conditions specified in contracts or purchase orders with customers. We have long-term contracts with some customers that govern overall terms and conditions which are accompanied by purchase orders that define specific order quantities and/or price. We have many customers with which we conduct business for which the terms and conditions are outlined in purchase orders without a long-term contract. We generally do not have customer contracts with minimum order quantity requirements.

Amount and Timing of Revenue Recognition - The transaction price is based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring control of a product to the customer. This is defined in a purchase order or in a separate pricing arrangement and represents the stand-alone selling price. Our payment terms vary by customer. None of the Company's business arrangements as of December 31, 2021, contained a significant financing component. We typically do not have multiple performance obligations requiring us to allocate a transaction price.

We recognize revenue at the point in time when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product to a customer, usually at a designated shipping point and in accordance with customer specifications. Estimates are made for variable consideration resulting from quality, delivery, discounts or other issues affecting the value of revenue and accounts receivable. This amount is estimated based on historical trends and current market conditions, and only amounts deemed collectible are recognized as revenues.

Other Matters - Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are recorded in revenues and costs associated with outbound freight are generally accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of revenues. We generally do not provide for extended warranties or material customer incentives. Our customers typically do not have a general right of return for our products.

We had outstanding customer accounts receivable, net of allowances, of $174.5 million as of December 31, 2021 and $151.1 million as of December 31, 2020. We generally do not have other assets or liabilities associated with customer arrangements.

Revenue Disaggregation -The following is the composition, by product category, of our revenues:

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Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2020

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019

3. Debt

Debt consisted of the following at December 31:

Term loan and security agreement due 2023 — 150,950

Unamortized discount and issuance costs (694) (4,374)

Total long-term debt, net of current portion $ 185,581 $ 144,147

Credit Agreement

On April 30, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”)

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between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) and other lenders party thereto (the “Lenders”) pursuant to which the Lenders made available a $150 million Term Loan Facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a $125 million Revolving Credit Facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). Subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Revolving Credit Facility includes a $10 million swing line sublimit and a $10 million letter of credit sublimit. The Credit Agreement provides for an incremental term facility agreement and/or an increase of the Revolving Credit Facility (together, the “Incremental Facilities”), in a maximum aggregate amount of (a) up to the date of receipt of financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022, $75 million, and (b) thereafter, (i) $75 million less the aggregate principal amount of Incremental Facilities incurred before such date, plus (ii) an unlimited amount if the pro forma consolidated total leverage ratio (assuming the Incremental Facilities are fully drawn) is less than 2.50:1.0. The Credit Facilities mature on April 30, 2026 (the “Maturity Date”).

The proceeds of the Credit Facilities were used, together with cash on hand of the Company, to (a) fund the redemption, satisfaction and discharge of all of the Company’s outstanding secured credit facility due 2023 (the “2023 Term Loan Facility”) issued pursuant to a term facility agreement (the “Term Facility Agreement”) between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent and other lender parties thereto, (b) fund the redemption, satisfaction and discharge of all of the Company’s asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Revolving Credit Facility”) issued pursuant to a facility agreement (the “ABL Facility Agreement”) between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as agent and certain financial institutions as lenders, (c) pay transaction costs, fees and expenses incurred in connection therewith and in connection with the Credit Agreement, and (d) for working capital and other lawful corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries.

At December 31, 2021 we had $49.4 million of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, outstanding letters of credit of $1.4 million and availability of $74.2 million. The unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the Revolving Credit Facility were $1.3 million as of December 31, 2021, which are being amortized over the remaining life of the Credit Agreement. The unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the ABL Revolving Credit Facility were $0.4 million as of December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, we had outstanding letters of credit of $1.6 million.

Interest rates and fees

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities and the commitment fee payable in connection with the Credit Facilities accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to (at the Company’s option) the base rate or the Eurodollar rate plus a rate which will vary according to the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio as set forth in the most recent compliance certificate received by the Administrative Agent, as set out in the following table:

Guarantee and Security

All obligations under the Credit Agreement and related documents are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s existing and future direct and indirect wholly owned material domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions (the “Guarantors”). All obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured by a first priority pledge of substantially all of the assets of the Company and of the Guarantors, subject to certain exceptions. The property pledged by the Company and the Guarantors includes a first priority pledge of all of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in their respective domestic subsidiaries and a first priority pledge of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in certain foreign subsidiaries, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.

Covenants and other terms

The Credit Agreement contains customary restrictive covenants, including, without limitation, limitations on the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur additional debt and guarantees; grant certain liens on assets; pay dividends or make certain other distributions; make certain investments or acquisitions; dispose of certain assets; make payments on certain indebtedness; merge, combine with any other person or liquidate; amend organizational documents; make material changes in accounting treatment or reporting practices; enter into certain restrictive agreements; enter into certain hedging agreements; engage in transactions with affiliates; enter into certain employee benefit plans; and other matters customarily included in senior secured loan agreements.

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The Credit Agreement also contains customary reporting and other affirmative covenants, as well as customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of obligations under the Credit Facilities when due; material inaccuracy of representations and warranties; violation of covenants in the Credit Agreement and certain other documents executed in connection therewith; breach or default of agreements related to material debt; revocation or attempted revocation of guarantees; denial of the validity or enforceability of the loan documents or failure of the loan documents to be in full force and effect; certain material judgments; certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency; certain Employee Retirement Income Security Act events; and a change in control of the Company. Certain of the defaults are subject to exceptions, materiality qualifiers, grace periods and baskets customary for credit facilities of this type.

The Credit Agreement includes (a) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20:1.0, and (b) a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 3.75:1.0 (subject to step-downs to 3.50:1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2021; to 3.25:1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2022; and to 3.00:1.0 for each fiscal quarter on and after the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2022).

On October 25, 2021, the Company entered into the Amendment to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment permits the Company to engage in supply chain financing arrangements with financial institutions to cover up to $20.0 million in accounts receivable from customers per month. Additionally, the Amendment increased the Company’s capital expenditure investment threshold from $25.0 million to $32.0 million.

We were in compliance with the covenants as of December 31, 2021.

Repayment and prepayment

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to make quarterly amortization payments to the Term Loan Facility at an annualized rate of the loans under the Term Loan Facility for every year beginning in the third quarter of 2021 as follows: 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 12.5% and 15%. The Credit Agreement also requires all outstanding amounts under the Credit Facilities to be repaid in full on the Maturity Date.

The Credit Agreement requires prepayments from the receipt of proceeds of dispositions or debt issuance, subject to certain exceptions and ability to re-invest and use proceeds towards acquisitions permitted by the Credit Agreement.

Voluntary prepayments of amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities are permitted at any time, without premium or penalty. Any prepayment of Eurodollar loans shall be in a principal amount of $1 million or a whole multiple of $1 million in excess thereof (or, if less, the entire principal amount thereof then outstanding) and any prepayment of base rate loans shall be in a principal amount of $0.5 million or a whole multiple of $0.1 million in excess thereof (or, if less, the entire principal amount thereof then outstanding).

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties by the Company. The representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement were made only for purposes of such agreement and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.

Term Loan and Security Agreement

On April 12, 2017, the Company entered into the $175.0 million 2023 Term Loan Facility, maturing on April 12, 2023, pursuant to a term loan and security agreement (the “TLS Agreement”). On April 30, 2021, the 2023 Term Loan Facility was fully repaid and terminated as described below.

ABL Revolving Credit Facility

On September 18, 2019, the Company entered into an amendment of the Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (the “Third ARLS Agreement”), dated as of April 12, 2017, which governed the Company’s ABL Revolving Credit Facility.

On March 1, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into Amendment No. 3, which amended the terms of the Third ARLS Agreement, among other things, to extend the maturity date of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility to March 1, 2026 and to remove the condition that the first $7.0 million of the $90.0 million Revolver Commitments are available as a first-in, last-out facility.

The Third ARLS Agreement, as amended, also allowed the Company to increase the size of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility by up to $50.0 million with the consent of Lenders providing the increase in the ABL Revolving Credit Facility. On April 30, 2021, the ABL Revolving Credit Facility was fully repaid and terminated as described below.

Termination of TLS Agreement and Third ARLS Agreement

Effective on April 30, 2021, the Company issued a notice of redemption in respect of its 2023 Term Loan Facility and the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and deposited with the Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent under the TLS Agreement and the Third ARLS Agreement proceeds from the Credit Facilities, together with cash on hand in an amount sufficient to

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discharge the Company’s obligations under the TLS Agreement and the Third ARLS Agreement and respective related agreements. All amounts under the 2023 Term Loan Facility and ABL Revolving Credit Facility were repaid and discharged in full on April 30, 2021 and the TLS Agreement and Third ARLS Agreement were terminated.

The discharge resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $7.2 million, including $3.7 million non-cash write off relating to deferred financing costs and unamortized discount of the 2023 Term Loan Facility, a voluntary repayment premium of $3.0 million, and $0.5 million of other fees associated with the new debt, recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021.

4. Intangible Assets

Our definite-lived intangible assets were comprised of the following:

Definite-lived intangible assets:

The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $3.4 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 and $3.4 million and $2.0 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively. The estimated intangible asset amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years ending after December 31, 2021 is $3.4 million for the years ending December 31, 2022 and 2023, $2.9 million for the year ending December 31, 2024 and $1.4 million for the years ending December 31, 2025 and 2026.

5. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels, and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

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Our financial instruments consisted of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, pension assets and liabilities. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value as a result of the short duration of such instruments or due to the variability of the interest cost associated with such instruments.

CVGI US Equity

CVGI · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1A.Risk Factors

Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.Properties

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.[Reserved]

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

CVGI US Equity☆

CVGI · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1A.Risk Factors

Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.Properties

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.[Reserved]

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

CVGI US Equity