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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in the section Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and below in Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk”.

Overview

We are a leading global provider and innovator of high-performance products for gamers and digital creators, such as streamers, vloggers and broadcasters, many of which build their own PCs using our components. Our industry-leading gaming products help digital athletes, from casual gamers to committed professionals, perform at their peak across PC or console platforms, and our streaming products enable creators, particularly streamers, to produce studio-quality content to share with friends or to broadcast to millions of fans. Our PC components products offer our customers multiple options to build their customized gaming and workstation desktop PCs. Our solution is the most complete suite of products that address the most critical components for both game performance and streaming. Our product offering is enhanced by our two proprietary software platforms: iCUE for gamers and the Elgato streaming suite for content creators, including our Stream Deck control software, which provide unified, intuitive performance, and aesthetic control and customization across their respective product families. We also offer digital services to enhance the customer experience by integrating esports, Elgato's marketplace, customer care and extended warranty into our product offerings.

We group our products into two categories (operating segments):

•

Gamer and Creator Peripherals. Includes our high-performance gaming keyboards, mice, headsets, controllers, and streaming products, which includes capture cards, Stream Decks, microphones and audio interfaces, our Facecam streaming cameras, studio accessories, sim racing products, and gaming furniture, among others.

•

Gaming Components and Systems. Includes our high-performance PSUs, cooling solutions, computer cases, and DRAM modules, as well as high-end prebuilt and custom-built gaming PCs and laptops, and gaming monitors, among others.

We are committed to continuing to grow in our current markets as well as new markets through the development of innovative technologies and by entering into new categories through organic growth or acquisitions. In recent years, we have entered into several new markets, for example the camera market for content creators and the sim racing market for gamers. We continue to expand our product portfolio and in 2024, we launched 78 new products.

On September 19, 2024, we completed the acquisition of the Fanatec Business for a purchase consideration of $43.7 million. Refer to Note 4, “Business Combinations-Fanatec Acquisition” for more information on this transaction. The Fanatec sim racing product line, which fully complements our gaming PCs, gaming and streaming peripherals, and monitors, is expected to expand our business in these markets. Based on the external analysts’ and management's estimates, the total addressable market for sim racing in 2024 is approximately $1 billion. Fanatec’s results of operations are included in our consolidated statements of operations with effect from September 19, 2024.

Summary of Financial Results

Our net revenue was $1,316.4 million, $1,459.9 million, and $1,375.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Our gross margin was 24.9%, 24.7%, and 21.6% for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. We had net losses of $85.2 million, $2.6 million, and $54.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had cash and restricted cash, in the aggregate, of $109.6 million and $178.6 million, respectively. Net cash provided by operating activities was $35.9 million, $89.2 million, and $66.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Further information on our industry, our market opportunity and competitive strengths is presented in Part I, Item 1, “Business” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Key Factors Affecting Our Business

Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by numerous factors, including those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and those described below.

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Impact of Macroeconomic Conditions. Our business and financial performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. We continue to face global macroeconomic challenges including the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, the tensions in the Red Sea, and any potential conflicts between China and Taiwan, supply chain constraints, uncertainty in key financial markets and the risk of a recession, inflationary trends, volatility in exchange rates, evolving dynamics in the global trade environment and changes in laws or policies governing the terms of foreign trade, and in particular increased trade restrictions, tariffs or taxes on imports or exports from or to countries where we manufacture or sell our products. We also experience seasonality in the sale of our products, which may be affected by general economic conditions. The extent of the impact of macroeconomic conditions and geopolitical tensions on our business, sales, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are not within our control and are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. We will continue to evaluate these risks and uncertainties and further our mitigation plans.

We are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As a result of our foreign sales and operations, we have revenue, payroll and other operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies, in particular the Chinese Yuan, Euro and British Pound. Unfavorable movement in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the currencies we conduct sales or operate in may negatively impact our financial results.

Impact of Industry Trends. Our results of operations and financial condition are impacted by industry trends in the gaming market, including:

•

Increasing gaming engagement. We believe that gaming’s increasing time share of global entertainment consumption will drive continued growth in spending on both games and gaming products. Gaming continues to become increasingly social, as streaming viewership becomes more widely adopted along with increasing numbers of content creators. More members of the younger generation are gamers and spend more time on gaming related activities than older generations. We believe these trends will over time bring more gamers and creators to purchase dedicated hardware and help grow the market for peripheral products. The growth of these markets will not be linear, as these markets are impacted by macroeconomic and consumer confidence conditions, amongst other conditions. Our Gaming Components and Systems segment makes components used for self-built PCs and full gaming systems. The self-built PC market is heavily influenced by the timing of release of new game titles and next-gen CPUs and GPUs, as discussed in the bullet below. As for the peripherals market, our Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment benefited from an improvement in the peripherals market compared to last year. We were also able to increase our sales in this segment through expanding our product offerings by adding new products such as our teleprompter offerings, new PC controllers and mobile controllers, and several new keyboards. We expect this trend in peripheral market improvement and expansion to continue in 2025.

•

Introduction of new high-performance computing hardware and sophisticated games. We believe that the introduction of more powerful CPUs and GPUs that place increased demands on other system components, such as memory, power supply or cooling, has a significant effect on increasing the demand for our products. In addition, we believe that the introduction and success of games with sophisticated graphics that place increasing demands on system processing speed and capacity and therefore require more powerful CPUs or GPUs, drives demand for our high-performance gaming components and systems, such as PSUs and cooling solutions, and our gaming PC memory. As a result, our operating results may be materially affected by the timing of, and the rate at which computer hardware companies introduce, new and enhanced CPUs and GPUs, the timing of, and rate at which computer game companies and developers introduce sophisticated new and improved games that require increasingly high levels of system and graphics processing power, and whether these new products and games are widely accepted by gamers. During 2023, we experienced overall demand increase for our gaming components and systems products primarily driven by the self-built PC market expansion from the increase in availability in late 2022 of new and reasonably priced GPUs and CPUs as well as the release of new game titles. In 2024, we are mid-cycle for new GPU platforms and as a result, we did not experience a similar increase in demand driven by the new GPU platforms and some highly anticipated game title releases until the next substantial GPU launch in early 2025. The slowdown in the self-built PC market activity in the first nine months of 2024 led to an overall net decrease in demand for our products in the Gaming Components and Systems segment in 2024 compared to 2023.

Impact of Customer Concentration. We operate a global sales network that consists primarily of retailers (including e-retailers), as well as distributors we use to accesscertain retailers. Further, a limited number of retailers and distributors represent a significant portion of our net revenue, with e-retailer Amazon accounting for 30.9%, 30.7%, and 26.0% of our net revenue for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and sales to our ten largest customers accounting for approximately 53.1%, 55.4%, and 52.3% of our net revenue for the same periods, respectively. Our customers, including Amazon, typically do not enter into long-term agreements to purchase our products but instead enter into purchase orders with us. As a result of this concentration and the lack of long-term agreements with our customers, a primary driver of our net revenue and operating performance is maintaining good relationships with these retailers and distributors. To help maintain good relationships, we implement initiatives such as our updated packaging design which helps e-retailers such as Amazon process our packages more efficiently. Further, given our global operations, a significant percentage of our

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expenses relate to shipping costs. Our ability to effectively optimize these shipping costs, for example utilizing expensive shipping options such as air freight for smaller packages and more urgent deliveries and more cost-efficient options, such as ground or ocean freight, for other shipments, has an impact on our expenses and results of operations.

Impact of New Product Introductions. Gamers demand new technology and product features, and we expect our ability to accurately anticipate and meet these demands will be one of the main drivers for any future sales growth and market share expansion. We believe our net revenue in 2024 was favorably impacted by the release of 78 new products in 2024. While we intend to continue to develop and release new products, there can be no assurance that our new product introductions will have a favorable impact on our operating results or that customers will choose our new products over those of our competitors.

Impact of Seasonal Sales Trends. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience seasonal fluctuations in sales due to the buying patterns of our customers and spending patterns of gamers. Our net revenue has generally been lower in the first and second calendar quarters due to lower consumer demand following the fourth quarter holiday season and because of the decline in sales that typically occurs in anticipation of the introduction of new or enhanced CPUs, GPUs, and other computer hardware products, which usually take place in the second calendar quarter, and which tend to drive sales in the following two quarters. Further, our net revenue tends to be higher in the third and fourth calendar quarters due to seasonal sales such as “Black Friday” and “Cyber Monday” as well as “Singles Day” in China, as retailers tend to make purchases in advance of these sales. Our sales also tend to be higher in the fourth quarter due to the introduction of new consoles and high-profile games in connection with the holiday season. As a consequence of seasonality, our net revenue for the second calendar quarter is generally the lowest of the year followed by the first calendar quarter. Historical seasonal patterns may not continue in the future and may be further impacted in the future, by macroeconomic factors, increasing supply constraints, GPU shortages, and shifts in customer behavior. For example, our revenue seasonality for the third quarter of 2024 was negatively impacted due to a lower demand for our products in the Gaming Components and Systems segment which was primarily attributable to the delayed launches of new, reasonably priced GPUs and CPUs, as well as the postponed releases of new game titles to early 2025.

Impact of Product Mix. Our Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment has a higher gross margin than our Gaming Components and Systems segment.As a result, our overall gross margin is affected by changes in product mix. External factors can have an impact on our product mix, such as popular game releases that can increase sales of peripherals and availability of new CPUs and GPUs that can impact component sales. In addition, within our Gamer and Creator Peripherals and Gaming Components and Systems segments, gross margin varies between products, and significant shifts in product mix within either segment may also significantly impact our overall gross margin.

Impact of Fluctuations in Integrated Circuits Pricing. ICs account for most of the cost of producing our high-performance memory products. IC prices are subject to pricing fluctuations which can affect the average sales prices of memory modules, and thus impact our net revenue, and can have an effect on gross margins. The impact on net revenues can be significant as our high-performance memory products, included within our Gaming Components and Systems segment, represent a significant portion of our net revenue.

Components of our Operating Results

Net Revenue

We generate materially all of our net revenue from the sale of gamer and creator peripherals and gaming components and systems to retailers, including e-retailers, gamers and distributors worldwide. Our revenue is recognized net of allowances for returns, discounts, sales incentives and any taxes collected from customers.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists of product costs, including costs of contract manufacturers, inbound freight costs from manufacturers to our distribution hubs as well as inter-hub shipments, cost of materials and overhead, duties and tariffs, warranty replacement cost to process and rework returned items, depreciation of tooling equipment, warehousing costs, excess and obsolete inventory write-downs, and certain allocated costs related to facilities and information technology (“IT”), and personnel-related expenses and other operating expenses related to supply chain logistics.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses consist of sales, general and administrative expenses and product development expenses.

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Sales, general and administrative. Sales, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses represent the largest component of our operating expenses and consist of distribution costs, sales, marketing and other general and administrative costs. Distribution costs include outbound freight and the costs to operate our distribution hubs. Sales and marketing costs relate to the costs to operate our global sales force that works in conjunction with our channel partners, gaming team and event sponsorships, advertising and marketing promotions of our products and services, costs of maintaining our web store and credit card processing fees related to sales on our webstore, personnel-related cost and allocated overhead costs. General and administrative costs consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for our finance, legal, human resources, IT and administrative personnel, as well as the costs of professional services related to these functions and allocated overhead costs.

Product development. Product development costs are generally expensed as incurred. Product development costs consist primarily of the costs associated with the design and testing of new products and improvements to existing products. These costs relate primarily to compensation of personnel and consultants involved with product design, definition, compatibility testing and qualification, as well as depreciation costs of equipment used, prototype material costs and allocated overhead costs.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of interest associated with our debt financing arrangements, including our revolving line of credit, and amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts.

Interest Income

Interest income consists of interest earned on interest-bearing bank deposits and interest-bearing Bridge Loan, net of amortization of Bridge Loan origination costs.

Other (Expense) Income, Net

Other (expense) income, net consists primarily of our foreign currency exchange gains and losses relating to transactions and remeasurement of asset and liability balances denominated in foreign currencies, net fair value gains and losses from our foreign currency forward contracts, and the impairment loss on available-for-sale security, offset by bargain purchase gain from business acquisition.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions in which we do business. These foreign jurisdictions have statutory tax rates different from those in the United States. Accordingly, our effective tax rates will vary depending on the relative proportion of foreign to United States income, the utilization of foreign tax credits and changes in tax laws. Deferred tax assets are reduced through the establishment of a valuation allowance, if, based upon available evidence, it is determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the share of the net income of subsidiaries in which we own less than 100% of the equity attributable to the ownership interest that we did not acquire.

Results of Operations

In this section, we discuss the results of our operations for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. For a discussion of the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2024.

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The following tables set forth the components of our consolidated statements of operations, in dollars and as a percentage of total net revenue, for each of the periods presented.

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

Operating expenses:

Other (expense) income:

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 1,787 1,553

Net loss attributable to Corsair Gaming, Inc. $ (85,181 ) $ (2,590 )

Years Ended December 31,

Operating expenses:

Sales, general and administrative 23.6 19.5

Product development 5.1 4.5

Total operating expenses 28.7 24.0

Operating income (loss) (3.8 ) 0.7

Other (expense) income:

Interest expense (1.0 ) (1.2 )

Interest income 0.3 0.5

Other expense, net (0.1 ) (0.2 )

Total other expense, net (0.8 ) (0.9 )

Loss before income taxes (4.6 ) (0.2 )

Income tax benefit (expense) (1.7 ) 0.2

Net loss (6.3 ) (0.0 )

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 0.1 0.1

Net loss attributable to Corsair Gaming, Inc. (6.4 )% (0.1 )%

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

Net Revenue

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

Net revenue decreased $143.5 million, or 9.8%, in 2024 as compared to 2023. The decrease was due to a 20.8% decrease in sales for our Gaming Components and Systems segment, offset partially by a 19.7% increase in sales for our Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment.

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For further discussions specific to our Gaming Components and Systems and Gamer and Creator Peripherals segments, refer to “Segment Results” section below.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands, except percentages)

Gross margin increased by 20 bps in 2024 as compared to 2023. An improved product mix with more sales in the Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment accounted for 160 bps of the increase in gross margin, which was partially offset by a decrease of 110 bps in gross margin from higher spending on promotional activities as a proportion of net revenue.

Sales, General and Administrative (SG&A)

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

SG&A expenses increased $24.7 million, or 8.7%, in 2024 as compared to 2023. The increase was primarily due to a $9.3 million increase in distribution costs, which was largely attributable to rationalization costs for distribution hubs and increased freight costs, a $8.9 million increase in legal and other professional service expenses, which were mainly attributable to one-time settlement costs and professional services associated with the Fanatec Acquisition, a $2.2 million increase in marketing and advertising costs, a $1.3 million increase in severance and a $1.1 million increase from amortization of capitalized cloud computing arrangements implementation costs.

Product Development

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

Product development expenses increased $2.3 million, or 3.5%, in 2024 as compared to 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher personnel-related costs resulting from increase in headcount as well as merit adjustments.

Interest Expense, Interest Income and Other Expense, Net

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

Interest expense decreased $4.2 million, or 24.2%, in 2024 as compared to 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a lower principal balance on our Term Loan combined with lower interest rates on our Term Loan in 2024.

Interest income decreased $3.5 million, or 51.1%, in 2024 as compared to 2023 primarily due to a lower cash balance in our interest-bearing account.

Other expense, net is primarily comprised of foreign exchange gains and losses on cash, accounts receivable and intercompany balances denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of our subsidiaries. Our foreign currency exposure is primarily driven by fluctuations in the foreign currency exchanges rates of the Euro, the British Pound and the Chinese Yuan. The foreign exchange loss in the year ended December 31, 2024 was partially offset by a $2.6 million bargain purchase gain from the Fanatec Acquisition.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands, except percentages)

Loss before income taxes $ (61,658 ) $ (3,479 )

Effective tax rate (35.3 )% 70.2 %

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We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions in which we do business. These foreign jurisdictions have statutory tax rates different from those in the United States. Accordingly, our effective tax rates will vary depending on the relative proportion of foreign to United States income, the utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards, changes in geographic mix of income and expense, changes in management’s assessment of matters such as the ability to realize deferred tax assets, and changes in tax laws.

Our effective tax rates were a tax expense of 35.3% and a tax benefit of 70.2% for 2024 and 2023, respectively. The change in our effective rate was primarily due to a change in the mix of income and losses in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate, as well as the valuation allowance recorded against our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets, which were partially offset by a tax benefit recognized for the transfer of customer relationship intangible asset from Hong Kong to the U.K. as a result of our global tax restructuring initiative completed on July 1, 2024.

Segment Results

Segment Net Revenue

The following table sets forth our net revenue by segment expressed both in dollars (thousands) and as a percentage of net revenue:

Years Ended December 31,

Gaming Components and Systems Segment

Gamer and Creator Peripherals Segment

Net revenue of the Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment increased $77.8 million, or 19.7%, in 2024 as compared to 2023. The increase was primarily driven by the success of recent new product launches, increased demand for most of the products in this segment and the inclusion of post-acquisition revenues from our Drop Acquisition in July 2023, and from our Fanatec Acquisition in September 2024.

Gaming Components and Systems Segment

Net revenue of the Gaming Components and Systems segment decreased $221.3 million, or 20.8% in 2024 as compared to 2023. The demand for our products in this segment is largely driven by the activity in the self-built PC market, which is heavily influenced by the launch of new, reasonably priced GPUs and CPUs, as well as the release of new game titles. However, in 2024, we were mid-cycle for new GPU platforms, resulting in a relatively flat-to-low market trajectory for the self-built PC market since the beginning of the year. This led to a greater than anticipated decrease in demand for our products in this segment this year. Additionally, we experienced a downward adjustment in inventory levels at our channel partners in 2024 compared to an increase in channel inventory levels during the same periods last year, contributing to the lower net revenue in 2024.

Segment Gross Profit and Gross Margin

The following table sets forth our gross profit expressed in dollars (thousands) and gross margin (which we define as gross profit as a percentage of net revenue) by segment:

Years Ended December 31,

Gaming Components and Systems Segment

Gamer and Creator Peripherals Segment

The gross margin of the Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment increased by 490 bps in 2024 as compared to 2023. The increase was primarily attributable to a 350 bps increase from a more favorable product mix within this segment, in part due to

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successful launches of new products with higher average margins, and lower product costs from suppliers, a 80 bps increase from lower inventory reserves, and a 110 bps increase due to lower costs to process inventory returns in the year ended December 31, 2024. These increases were partially offset by a 50 bps decrease due to higher air freight costs.

Gaming Components and Systems Segment

The gross margin of the Gaming Components and Systems segment decreased by 410 bps in 2024 as compared to 2023. The decrease was primarily attributable to a 190 bps decrease from an unfavorable product mix within this segment and pricing pressures from market competition, a 160 bps decrease from increased promotional activities as a proportion of net revenue, and a 100 bps decrease from factory underutilization and higher inventory reserves.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We have financed our operations and acquisitions through cash from operations, and when necessary, through debt facilities and issuance of equity securities. As of December 31, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and restricted cash, in aggregate of $109.6 million, and our borrowing capacity under the Revolving Facility (as defined under ‘Capital Resources’ below) of $99.8 million.

We have a shelf-registration statement on Form S-3 on file with the SEC, which allows us to offer securities, including common stock, preferred stock and warrants, through August 1, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, $216.7 million remained available for issuance under the shelf-registration statement.

Our principal uses of cash generally include purchases of inventory, payroll and other operating expenses related to the development and marketing of our products, capital expenditure, repayments of debt and related interest, income tax payments, future investments in business and technology, and selective mergers and acquisitions.

We believe that the anticipated cash flows from operations based on our current business outlook, combined with our current levels of cash balances at December 31, 2024, supplemented with the borrowing capacity under our Revolving Facility, if and as needed, will be sufficient to fund our principal uses of cash for at least the next twelve months. In the longer term, liquidity will depend to a great extent on our future revenues and our ability to appropriately manage our costs based on the demand for our products. We may require additional funding and need or choose to raise the required funds through borrowings or public or private sales of debt or equity securities. The sale of additional equity would result in additional dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of debt financing would result in debt service obligations and the instruments governing such debt could provide for operating and financial covenants that would restrict our operations. There can be no assurance that any such equity or debt financing will be available on favorable terms, or at all.

Liquidity

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

Net cash provided by (used in):

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $35.9 million for 2024 and consisted net loss of $83.4 million, offset by non-cash adjustments of $97.0 million and a net cash inflow of $22.3 million from changes in our net operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash adjustments consisted primarily of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, as well as changes in deferred income taxes, partially offset by a bargain purchase gain from the Fanatec Acquisition. The net cash inflow from changes in our net operating assets and liabilities was primarily related to a decrease in account receivables from lower revenue in 2024 and a decrease in inventories from our efforts to normalize inventory levels. These cash inflows were partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable mainly due to timing of payments.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $89.2 million for 2023 and consisted of non-cash adjustments of $79.5 million and a net cash inflow of $10.7 million from changes in our net operating assets and liabilities, offset partially by a net loss of $1.0 million. The non-cash adjustments consisted primarily of depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense, which were partially offset by changes in deferred income taxes. The net cash inflow from changes in our net operating assets and liabilities was

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primarily related to an increase in accounts payable mainly due to timing of payments and purchases. These cash inflows were partially offset by an increase in inventory purchases and account receivables driven by increase in revenue in 2023.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $52.7 million for 2024 and primarily consisted of $43.1 million cash used for the Fanatec Acquisition, net of cash acquired (refer to Note 4, “Business Combinations” for more information on the Fanatec Acquisition), $9.8 million of capital expenditure, partially offset by $1.0 million cash received from escrow for the purchase price adjustment related to the Drop Acquisition.

Cash used in investing activities was $27.0 million for 2023 and consisted of $14.2 million for the Drop Acquisition (net of cash acquired), and $12.8 million capital expenditure, primarily for equipment and software.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $50.7 million for 2024 and primarily consisted of $25.0 million repayment of debt, $19.8 million purchase of additional ownership interest in iDisplay (refer to Note 16, "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest" for more information on the additional ownership interest purchase), $4.9 million settlement of deferred consideration related to a 2019 business acquisition, $5.8 million payment of dividends to noncontrolling interest, and $0.6 million payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards, partially offset by $5.4 million proceeds received from the issuance of shares through the employee equity incentive plans. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we borrowed $25.0 million from our Revolving Facility to fund our operations and the full amount was repaid within the same period.

Net cash used in financing activities was $37.4 million for 2023 and consisted primarily of $41.0 million repayment of debt, $1.4 million payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards, and $1.0 million payment of dividends to noncontrolling interest. These cash outflows were partially offset by proceeds received from the issuance of shares through the employee equity incentive plans of $7.4 million. We did not borrow from our revolving credit facility in 2023.

Capital Resources

On September 3, 2021, we refinanced the First Lien Credit and Guaranty Agreement with a new Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a total commitment of $350.0 million, consisting of a $100.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) and a $250.0 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan”). The Credit Agreement is available for a period of five years, maturing September 2026, and provides for additional incremental facilities up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. We may prepay the Term Loan and the Revolving Facility at any time without premium or penalty. We prepaid $12.5 million and $34.1 million of the Term Loan principal in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the total principal outstanding of the Term Loan was $174.0 million and the available and uncommitted capacity under the Revolving Facility was $99.8 million.

The Credit Agreement has a variable rate structure. According to the provisions in the Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement (“Third Amendment”), beginning 2024, the Term Loan and the Revolving Facility carry interest at our election at either (a) Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index rate (“BSBY”) plus a percentage spread (ranging from 1.25% to 2.25%) based on our total net leverage ratio, or (b) the base rate (as described in the Credit Agreement as the greatest of (i) the prime rate, (ii) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% and (iii) one-month BSBY plus 1.0%) plus a percentage spread (ranging from 0.25% to 1.25%) based on our total net leverage ratio. Additionally, the commitment fees on the unused portion of the Revolving Facility ranges from 0.2% to 0.4% based on our total net leverage ratio.

On August 19, 2024, we entered into a Fourth Amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement, which provides for, among other things, (i) effectuates the transition of the underlying variable interest rate from the BSBY to a forward-looking interest rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), with no change to the applicable margin percentage spread, but with the addition of a rate spread adjustment in the amount of 0.10% per annum, (ii) increases the letter of credit sublimit from $15 million to $65 million and (iii) the issuance of letters of credit denominated in Euro.

The Credit Agreement contains covenants with which we must comply during the term of the agreement, which we believe are ordinary and standard for agreements of this nature, including the maintenance of a maximum Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (“CTNL Ratio”) and a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (“CIC Ratio”) (as defined in the Credit Agreement). According to the provisions in the Third Amendment, beginning 2024, we are required to maintain a maximum CTNL Ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 and a minimum CIC ratio of 3.00 to 1.00, with the provision that the maximum CTNL Ratio can be temporarily increased to 3.50 to 1.00 upon the occurrence of a Qualified Acquisition (as defined in, and subject to the requirements of the Credit Agreement). As of December 31, 2024, we were not in default under the Credit Agreement.

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Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our U.S. subsidiaries and secured by a security interest in substantially all assets of the Company and the guarantor subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions detailed in the Credit Agreement and related ancillary documentation.

Contractual Cash and Other Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual cash and other obligations as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

Payments Due by Period

Total Less than1 Year 1-3Years 3-5Years More than5 Years

Inventory-related purchase obligations (2) 78,698 78,698 — — —

(1)

Amounts represent the principal cash payments as of December 31, 2024, of our Term Loan based on the repayment schedule according to the Credit Agreement and the expected interest payments associated with the Term Loan. See Note 7 “Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for more information.

(2)

Amounts represent an estimate of purchase obligations related to inventory.

(3)

Amounts represent contractual obligations from our operating leases for offices and warehouse spaces.

(4)

Amounts represent non-cancelable obligations related to capital expenditures, software licenses, marketing and other activities.

As of December 31, 2024, we had $3.5 million in non-current income tax payable, including interest and penalties, related to our income tax liability for uncertain tax positions. At this time, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with these tax liabilities; therefore, such amounts are not included in the contractual cash obligation table above.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

A critical accounting policy is defined as one that has both a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations and requires us to make difficult, complex and/or subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain.Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), which requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be applicable and evaluate them on an ongoing basis to ensure they remain reasonable under current conditions. Actual results may differ significantly from those estimates, which could have a material impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We believe the accounting policies below are critical in the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, and involve management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments.

Revenue Recognition and Accruals for Product Returns and Customer Incentive Programs

We offer product return rights and customer incentive programs. Customer incentive programs include special pricing arrangements, promotions, rebates and volume-based incentives.

Rights of return vary by customer and range from the right to return products to limited stock rotation rights allowing the exchange of a percentage of the customer’s quarterly purchases. Estimates of expected future product returns qualify as variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of the transaction price of the contract at the time of sale based on historical return rates. Return rates are influenced by product life cycle status, new product introductions, market acceptance of products, sales levels, the type of customer, seasonality, product quality issues, competitive pressures, operational policies and procedures, and other factors. Return rates can fluctuate over time but are sufficiently predictable to allow us to estimate expected future product returns.

Customer incentive programs are considered variable consideration, which we estimate and record as a reduction to revenue at the time of sale. Significant management judgments and estimates must be used to determine the cost of these programs to be included in the transaction price in any accounting period including a reduction for the estimate of amounts that ultimately will not be claimed for certain customer incentive programs. We use the expected value method to arrive at the amount of variable consideration. The Company constrains variable consideration until the likelihood of a significant revenue reversal is not probable. The accrual estimates are based on actual sales data, historical experience, forecasted incentives, anticipated volume of future purchases, and inventory levels in the channel.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for recent accounting pronouncements adopted and to be adopted.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.

Interest Rate Risk

As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and restricted cash of $109.6 million, which consisted primarily of bank deposits. Our cash is held for working capital purposes.

As of December 31, 2024, under the Credit Agreement, we had a $174.0 million Term Loan outstanding (face value), and the Term Loan bears variable market interest rates, primarily SOFR, effective from September 2024. A significant change in these market interest rates may adversely affect our operating results. As of December 31, 2024, a hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in a change to interest expense for the next twelve months by approximately $1.7 million.

Foreign Currency Risk

Approximately 21.3% of our net revenue in 2024 was denominated in foreign currencies, primarily Euro and GBP. Any unfavorable movement in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and the currencies in which we conduct sales in foreign countries could have an adverse impact on our net revenue and gross margins as we may have to adjust local currency product pricing due to competitive pressures if there is significant volatility in foreign currency exchange rates. Our operating expenses are denominated in the currencies of the countries in which our operations are located, which are primarily in the United States, Europe, China and Taiwan. Our operating results and cash flows are, therefore, subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

We enter into forward currency contracts to reduce the short-term effects of currency fluctuations on Euro, British Pound, and Chinese Yuan denominated cash, accounts receivable, and intercompany receivable and payable balances. These forward contracts generally mature within two to four months, and we do not enter into foreign currency forward contracts for trading purposes. The outstanding notional principal amount was $35.2 million and $44.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The gains or losses on these contracts are recognized in earnings based on the changes in fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts.

The net impact of changes in foreign currency rates, including the net gains or (losses) on the forward currency contracts, recognized in other (expense) income, net was $(4.6) million, $(2.8) million, and $1.0 million, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. A hypothetical ten percent change in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar would increase or decrease our gains or losses on foreign currency exchange of approximately $1.3 million in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 53

Consolidated Statements of Operations 55

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 56

Consolidated Balance Sheets 57

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 58

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 59

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 60

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors

Corsair Gaming, Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Corsair Gaming, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 26, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Transaction price in contracts with customers

The transaction price received by the Company from sales to distributors and retailers is net of variable consideration that may include product returns and customer incentives. Estimates of expected future product returns are recorded based on historical return rates, among other factors. Customer incentive programs, including accrual estimates, are based on incentive terms communicated to customers, actual sales data, historical experience, forecasted incentives, anticipated volume of future purchases, and inventory levels in the channel. The amounts recorded for accrued reserves for sales returns and accrued reserves for customer incentive programs were $34.9 million and $41.1 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024.

We identified the evaluation of the transaction price in contracts with customers as a critical audit matter. Subjective auditor judgment was required to evaluate changes in conditions and events affecting (1) the Company’s historical return rates, and (2) the length of time between when a sale occurs and a return is processed, which are used to determine accrued reserves for

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sales returns. In addition, subjective auditor judgment was required to evaluate the reliability of data used to determine certain accrued reserves for customer incentive programs.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s process to determine the transaction price, including controls related to estimating variable consideration related to product returns and customer incentives. We evaluated the historical return rates by assessing the historical relationship between sales and returns, considering the effect of external market conditions obtained from peer company data and market publications. We evaluated the length of time between when a sale occurs and a return is processed by comparing (1) the return date obtained from return claims from customers to (2) the estimated date the sale occurred obtained from supporting documentation. We evaluated the reliability of data used to determine certain accrued reserves for customer incentive programs by (a) selecting a sample of incentives recorded during the year and (1) comparing the key inputs to correspondence with customers and customer agreements, and (2) recalculating the total incentive amount and comparing it to the incentive recorded; and (b) selecting a sample of claims recorded during the year and comparing them to correspondence with customers to the incentive recorded.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2007.

San Francisco, California

February 26, 2025

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Years Ended December 31,

Operating expenses:

Other (expense) income:

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 1,787 1,553 442

Net loss attributable to Corsair Gaming, Inc. $ (85,181 ) $ (2,590 ) $ (54,388 )

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

Years Ended December 31,

Other comprehensive income (loss):

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

December 31,

Assets

Current assets:

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 35,376 39,824

Restricted cash, noncurrent 246 239

Liabilities

Current liabilities:

Debt maturing within one year, net $ 12,229 $ 12,190

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)

Temporary equity

Permanent equity

Corsair Gaming, Inc. stockholders’ equity:

Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) (58,765 ) 40,410

Accumulated other comprehensive loss (4,559 ) (3,487 )

Total Corsair Gaming, Inc. stockholders’ equity 604,303 667,575

Nonredeemable noncontrolling interest — 10,468

Total liabilities, temporary equity and permanent equity $ 1,235,829 $ 1,357,463

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

Shares Amount Capital Deficit) Income (Loss) Equity Interest Equity

Noncontrolling interest from business combination — — — — — — 12,084 12,084

Dividend paid to nonredeemable noncontrolling interest — — — — — — (400 ) (400 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Years Ended December 31,

Cash flows from operating activities:

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

Bargain purchase gain on business acquisition (2,581 ) — —

Deferred income taxes, net of valuation allowance 11,416 (6,332 ) (21,736 )

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Cash flows from investing activities:

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (43,131 ) (14,220 ) (19,534 )

Purchase of intangible asset (100 ) — —

Payment of deferred and contingent consideration — — (185 )

Purchase price adjustment related to business acquisition 1,041 — —

Investment in available-for-sale convertible note — — (1,000 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of debt, net — — —

Purchase of additional ownership interest (19,750 ) — —

Payment of other offering costs — (497 ) (296 )

Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest (5,792 ) (980 ) (4,312 )

Payment of deferred and contingent consideration (4,942 ) (950 ) (438 )

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (50,680 ) (37,387 ) 72,609

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (1,425 ) (281 ) (3,284 )

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:

Equipment purchased and unpaid at period end $ 2,493 $ 1,420 $ 4,985

Issuance of common stock relating to business acquisition — — 14,505

Purchase consideration related to business acquisition 592 — —

Receivable for business acquisition purchase price adjustment — 1,041 —

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Corsair Gaming, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Description of Business

Description of Business

Corsair Gaming, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “Corsair” the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), is a global provider and innovator of high-performance products for gamers and digital creators, many of which build their own PCs using our components.

Corsair is organized into two reportable segments:

•

Gamer and Creator Peripherals. Includes our high-performance gaming keyboards, mice, headsets, controllers, and our streaming products, which includes capture cards, Stream Decks, microphones and audio interfaces, our Facecam streaming cameras, studio accessories, sim racing products, and gaming furniture, among others.

•

Gaming Components and Systems. Includes our high-performance PSUs, cooling solutions, computer cases, DRAM modules, as well as high-end prebuilt and custom-built gaming PCs and laptops, and gaming monitors, among others.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Corsair and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. For consolidated entities where we own less than 100% of the equity, our consolidated net comprehensive income (loss) is reduced by the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest. In determining whether an entity is considered a controlled entity, we apply the VIE (variable interest entity) and VOE (voting interest entity) models. Entities that do not qualify as a VIE are assessed for consolidation under the VOE model. Under the VOE model, we consolidate the entity if we determine that we have a controlling financial interest in the entity through our ownership of greater than 50% of the outstanding voting shares of the entity and that other equity holders do not have substantive voting, participating or liquidation rights.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, the valuation of intangible assets, accounts receivable, sales return reserves, reserves for customer incentives, warranty reserves, inventory, derivative instruments, stock-based compensation, and deferred income tax. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the potential impacts from the events in the current economic environment as well as the potential impacts from geopolitical events. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. The extent to which the current macroeconomic factors and the development of the geopolitical unrest will impact our business going forward depends on numerous dynamic factors that we cannot reliably predict. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Making estimates and judgments about future events is inherently unpredictable and is subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, it could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Revenue Recognition

We determine revenue recognition through the following five-step approach:

•

identification of the contract, or contracts, with the customer

•

identification of the performance obligations in the contract

•

determination of the transaction price

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•

allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and

•

recognition of revenue when, or as the performance obligation is fulfilled.

Revenue is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied under the terms of the contracts, and control of the products is transferred to the customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive from the customers in exchange for those products or services.

Our products are primarily sold through a network of distributors and retailers, including e-retailers, and to a lesser extent direct to consumers. We primarily sell hardware products, which may include embedded software that function together, and are considered as one performance obligation. Hardware devices are generally plug and play, requiring no configuration and little or no installation. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when control of the products is transferred to the customer which generally occurs upon shipment or delivery to customer. We report revenue net of any required taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as other liabilities and accrued expenses until remitted to the relevant government authority.

Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included as part of our distribution costs recorded under sales, general and administrative expenses. Costs of maintaining our web store and credit card processing fees related to sales on our webstore are recorded under sales, general and administrative expenses.

We generally provide a warranty on products that provides assurance that our products conform to published specifications. Such assurance-type warranties are not deemed to be separate performance obligations from the product, and costs associated with providing these warranties are accrued in accordance with ASC 460-10, Guarantees.

We offer return rights and customer incentive programs. Customer incentive programs include special pricing arrangements, promotions, rebates and volume-based incentives.

We have agreements with certain customers that contain terms allowing price protection credits to be issued in the event of a subsequent price reduction. Our decision to make price reductions is influenced by product life cycle stage, market acceptance of products, the competitive environment, new product introductions and other factors. Accruals for estimated expected future pricing actions are recognized at the time of sale based on analysis of historical pricing actions by customer and by product, inventories owned by and located at distributors and retailers, current customer demand, current operating conditions, and other relevant customer and product information, such as stage of product life-cycle.

The transaction price received by us from sales to distributors and retailers is calculated as selling price net of variable consideration which may include rebates, product returns and price protection.

We normally require payments from customers within 30 to 90 days from invoice date. We do not generally modify payment terms on existing receivables. Our contracts with customers typically do not include significant financing components as the period between the satisfaction of the performance obligations and timing of payment are generally within one year.

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we did not recognize any material revenue adjustments related to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods as a result of changes in estimated variable consideration. Because the majority of the performance obligations in our contracts with customers relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year, we have elected to apply the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period.

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Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance, primarily for our webstore sales and extended warranty subscriptions. Contract liabilities are included in other liabilities and accrued expenses and other liabilities noncurrent on the consolidated balance sheets.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists of product costs, including purchases from contract manufacturers, inbound freight costs from manufacturers to our distribution hubs, as well as inter-hubs shipments, duties and tariffs, warranty replacement costs, costs to process and rework returned items, depreciation of tooling equipment, warehousing costs, inventory valuation write-downs, certain allocated costs related to facilities and IT department, and personnel-related expenses and other operating expenses related to supply chain logistics.

Distribution Costs

Distribution costs, recorded as a component of sales, general and administrative expenses, include the costs to operate two of our distribution hubs internally and the costs paid to third-party logistics providers to operate our other four distribution hubs. Distribution costs also include the costs of shipping products to customers through third party carriers. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling of products are recorded in net revenue. We do not consider distribution costs to be part of the costs to bring our products to the finished condition and therefore record such distribution costs as sales, general and administrative expense rather than in cost of revenue.

Product Development Costs

Product development costs are generally expensed as incurred. Product development costs consist primarily of the costs associated with the design and testing of new products and improvements to existing products. These costs relate primarily to compensation of personnel and consultants involved with product design, definition, compatibility testing and qualification. To date, almost all of the software development costs have been expensed as incurred because the period between achieving technological feasibility and the release of the software has been short and development costs qualifying for capitalization have been insignificant.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included as a component of sales, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising and promotion expenses were $24.0 million, $21.2 million, and $17.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

We measure and recognize compensation for all stock-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock purchase rights, restricted stock units (“RSU”) and performance stock units (“PSU”), based upon the grant-date fair value of those awards. The grant-date fair value of our stock options and stock purchase rights is estimated using a Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The fair values of our RSUs and PSUs are calculated based on the market value of our stock at the grant date. For stock options, stock purchase rights and RSUs, stock-based compensation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and we have elected to recognize actual forfeitures by reducing the stock-based compensation in the same period as the forfeitures occur. For PSUs, the stock-based compensation is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period, and it is based on the estimated number of shares that is considered probable of vesting. Adjustments to the compensation expense will be made in each reporting period based on changes in our estimate of the number of PSUs that are probable of vesting.

Cash and Restricted Cash

Total restricted cash was $2.6 million and $2.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The restricted cash serves as collateral for certain bank guarantees, customer deposits and security deposits.

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable from contracts with customers are recorded at the invoiced amount when we have an unconditional right to consideration, net of allowance for credit losses. We maintain trade credit insurance to mitigate credit risks on certain of our accounts receivable that reimburse us for up to 90% of collection losses. We estimate an allowance for credit losses by using a combination of relevant information including historical loss information, adjusted to take into account current market conditions and our customers’ financial condition, the amount of any receivables in dispute, the current receivables aging, and the current payment terms.

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Concentration of Credit Risk

Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, restricted cash and accounts receivable. We maintain our cash and restricted cash with various high-quality financial institutions with investment-grade ratings and we have not experienced any losses.

We sell a significant portion of our products through third-party distributors and resellers and, as a result, maintain individually significant receivable balances with such customers. As of December 31, 2024, two customers represented 41.8% and 14.2% of our accounts receivable, net balance, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, two customers represented 42.9% and 18.5% of our accounts receivable, net balance, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories primarily consist of finished goods and to a lesser extent component parts, which are purchased from contract manufacturers and component suppliers. Inventories are stated at lower of cost and net realizable value using the weighted average cost method of accounting. On a quarterly basis, we assess the valuation of inventory balances to determine what inventory, if any, for which the cost exceeds the net realizable value. We may be required to write down the value of inventory if estimates of future demand and market conditions indicate estimated excess or obsolete inventory.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Major improvements that extend the life, capacity or improve the safety of an asset are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, determined to be two to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements.

Capitalized cloud computing arrangements (“CCA”) implementation costs

We incur costs to implement CCAs that are hosted by third-party vendors. Implementation costs incurred during the development stage are capitalized until the software of the hosting arrangement is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. The costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangements. Total capitalized CCA implementation costs, net of amortization, were $4.9 million and $6.4 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are included in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" and "Other assets" on our consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of capitalized CCA implementation costs is included in the same line item in our consolidated statements of operations as the expense for fees for the associated hosting arrangement. Amortization expense was not material for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Leases

Our lease portfolio consists primarily of real estate facilities for manufacturing, distribution, warehousing and office use purposes under operating leases.

We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement based on the present value of the lease consideration in the contracts over the lease term. We do not record leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on our consolidated balance sheets but continue to record rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include options to extend or renew the lease terms. Such options are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities unless they are reasonably certain to be exercised. We account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We apply the incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of the lease consideration, as our leases do not provide an implicit rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest we would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Because we do not frequently borrow on a collateralized basis, we consider a combination of factors to determine our incremental borrowing rate, including our credit worthiness, adjusted to approximate a collateralized rating, observable market yield curves, and the U.S. and foreign currency risk-free rates.

Our variable lease expense consists primarily of warehousing and distribution services related to our outsourced distribution hubs, and to a lesser extent, variable costs related to office common area maintenance charges. Our service contracts with third-party logistic service providers include both fixed payments for the use of a fixed warehouse space and variable payments based on the usage of their services for distribution and warehouse management. The fixed payments are included in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability, but the variable payments are expensed as incurred. In addition, our real estate leases typically contain variable payments for office common area maintenance and these costs are also expensed as incurred.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

U.S. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy is broken down into the following three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date.

Level 2—Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active market, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the report date. The nature of these securities includes investments for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently and investments that are fair valued using other securities, the parameters of which can be directly observed.

Level 3—Securities that have little to no pricing observability as of the report date. These securities are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value are not observable and require significant management judgment or estimation.

Fair value accounting is applied to all financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in our consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. Our financial instruments, including cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, borrowings under credit facility, and other liabilities and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities.

Our financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of foreign currency forward contracts and the fair values of these contracts, which were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, were based on similar exchange traded derivatives and the related asset or liability. The balances of our financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were not material.

The fair value of our debt, including current maturities, was estimated using Level 2 inputs. Refer to Note 7 “Debt” for disclosure on the fair value of our debt.

Business Combinations

We account for acquisitions that meet the definition of a business under ASC 805, Business Combinations, by using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires the purchase consideration be allocated to the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed on acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill on the consolidated balance sheet. Alternatively, in an instance where the fair value of the net assets acquired exceeds the purchase consideration, we record a bargain purchase gain in the consolidated statement of operations at the date of acquisition.

Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management’s judgment, and the utilization of independent valuation experts as well as the use of significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the timing and amounts of future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, market prices and asset lives, among other items. The judgments made in the determination of the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the estimated useful life of each asset and the duration of each liability, can materially impact the financial statements in periods after acquisition, such as through depreciation and amortization expense. While we use our best estimates and assumptions as a part of the purchase price allocation to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, these estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the remeasurement period, which may extend for up to one year from the acquisition date, adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be recorded, with the corresponding offset to goodwill or bargain purchase gain. Upon conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations rather than adjusted through goodwill or bargain purchase gain.

We include the results of operations of the acquired business in the consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related charges, including primarily third-party professional fees, accounting fees and legal fees are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized and are tested for impairment on an annual basis at October 1 or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit or asset below its carrying value. We perform our annual goodwill impairment assessment at the reporting unit level and our indefinite-lived intangible assets at the individual asset level. In reviewing impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We also may elect not to perform

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the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. The ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment review for a reporting unit should be the same whether we choose to perform the qualitative assessment or proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the sustained decline in our stock price, combined with a reduction in our revenue forecasts, was considered a triggering event indicating that it was possible that the fair value of our reporting units could be less than their carrying amounts, including goodwill. As a result, we performed an interim quantitative goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2024 using a combination of the income valuation approach and market approach methodologies. The determination of the fair value of the reporting units using the aforementioned methodologies requires significant estimates and assumptions, including but not limited to, discount rate, terminal growth rates, market multiple data from selected guideline companies, and management's internal forecasts. Management determined that the fair values of the reporting units were not less than their respective carrying amounts. As of September 30, 2024, the indicated fair value was in excess of carrying value for our Component and Systems, Peripherals, and Memory reporting units by approximately 23%, 35% and 194%, respectively.

As a result of the goodwill triggering event described above, we also performed an interim impairment test for our indefinite-lived intangible asset and our finite-lived intangible assets as of September 30, 2024. The fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets was determined based on the relief from royalty method and the recoverability of our finite-lived intangible assets was determined based on the undiscounted cash flows method. No impairment resulted from these interim impairment tests.

Since the interim quantitative goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests were conducted as of September 30, 2024, which was only one day from our annual impairment test date of October 1, we do not believe that an annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset testing at October 1, 2024 would be necessary.

We have not recorded any impairment charges related to goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets for any prior periods.

Intangible Assets with finite-lives and Long-Lived Assets

Our intangible assets with finite lives principally include acquired technology, patents, tradenames, customer relationships and non-compete agreements. The assets are carried at cost and amortized using a straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets. Amortization expense related to patents and supplier relationship are included in cost of revenues. Amortization expense related to developed technology is included in product development costs. Amortization expense related to customer relationships and trade name are included in sales, general and administrative costs.

Our long-lived assets are primarily comprised of operating lease ROU assets, property and equipment and capitalized CCA implementation costs.

We evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets with finite lives and long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For ROU assets such circumstances would include a decision to abandon the use of all or part of an asset, or subleases that do not fully recover the costs of the associated lease. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If it is determined that an asset may not be recoverable, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value is recorded. Fair value is determined based on an asset’s projected discounted future cash flow or appraised value, depending on the nature of the asset. Such impairment charges recorded in the periods presented were not material.

Warranty Reserve

All of our products are covered by warranty to be free from defects in material and workmanship for periods generally ranging from six months to ten years, and for life for memory products. Our warranty does not provide a service beyond assuring that the product complies with agreed-upon specifications. At the time of sale, an estimate of future warranty costs is recorded as a component of cost of revenue and a warranty liability is recorded for estimated costs to satisfy the warranty obligation. The estimate of the costs to fulfill our warranty obligations is based on historical experience and expectations of future costs to repair or replace.

Foreign Currency

For subsidiaries that have non-U.S. dollar functional currencies, the assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated using period-end exchange rates. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Cumulative translation gains and losses are included as a component of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are remeasured using exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and (losses), net is included in other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations and the amounts were $(5.4) million, $(1.2) million and $(1.4) million for the years

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ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These amounts do not include the change in fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to Note 3, Derivative Financial Instruments for more information on our hedging instruments.

Gains and losses on long-term intercompany loans not intended to be repaid in the foreseeable future are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Noncontrolling Interest

We had both redeemable and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests in connection with our partial ownership of iDisplay.

Redeemable noncontrolling interest that is redeemable and not solely within our control is classified within temporary equity in the consolidated balance sheets. Redeemable noncontrolling interest is measured at the greater of the redemption value (calculated based on the formula stipulated in the Shareholders Agreement between the iDisplay seller and Corsair and including the amounts for dividends not currently declared or paid, for which the payment is not solely within our control), or the carrying value before giving effect to the redemption feature. The redemption value is remeasured each quarter and changes in the value are recognized immediately. Any resulting change in the value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest is recognized through retained earnings and this adjustment also impacts the net income or loss attributable to common stockholders of Corsair Gaming, Inc used in the net income (loss) per share calculation. (See Note 11 “Net Income (Loss) Per Share” and Note 16 “Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest” for more information).

In addition, as of December 31, 2023, we had noncontrolling interest recorded at carrying value which did not have redemption features and was classified within permanent equity in our consolidated balance sheet.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the tax and financial reporting bases of our assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in future years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced through the establishment of a valuation allowance, if, based upon available evidence, it is determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We are subject to foreign income taxes on our foreign operations. All deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current in the consolidated financial statements.

We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained on examination based on the technical merit of the position. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount, which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

We consider many factors when evaluating and estimating our tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments. Interest charges and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized as a component of the income tax benefit (expense).

Net Income (Loss) per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period, without consideration of potential dilutive securities. Diluted net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period, adjusted to include the incremental shares expected to be issued for assumed exercise of options under the treasury stock method.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvement to Reportable Segment Disclosure. This ASU updates the reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring disclosures of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of a segment's profit or loss. This ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We adopted this standard in the fourth quarter of 2024. See Note 14 “Segment and Geographic Information and Major Customers” for further detail.

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity's effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on income tax paid. The ASU is effective on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. This ASU will result in additional required disclosures in our consolidated financial statements, when adopted. We are currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU and expect to adopt them for the year ended December 31, 2025.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement (Topic 220) - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures: Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU requires additional disclosures about the nature of expenses included in the income statement, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation and depreciation. This ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU and expect to adopt them for the year ended December 31, 2027.

3. Derivative Financial Instruments

From time to time, we enter into derivative instruments such as foreign currency forward contracts, to minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets or other liabilities and accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets. We do not designate such instruments as hedges for accounting purposes; accordingly, changes in the value of these contracts are recognized in each reporting period in other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading purposes.

The foreign currency forward contracts generally mature within two to four months. The notional principal amount of outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts was $35.2 million and $44.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The net fair value gain (loss) recognized in other (expense) income, net in relation to these derivative instruments was $0.9 million, $(1.6) million, and $2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

4. Business Combinations

Fanatec Acquisition

On September 13, 2024, one of our subsidiaries, Corsair GmbH (“GmbH”) executed an Asset Purchase Agreement (“APA”) to purchase the business (the “Fanatec Business”) of Endor AG (“Endor”), which includes certain assets and all the personnel of Endor, as well as the equity interests of certain of Endor’s subsidiaries. Endor AG was a German public entity that created the leading end-to-end premium Fanatec sim racing product line. The Fanatec sim racing product line, which fully complements our sim racing chassis, gaming PCs, gaming and streaming peripherals, and monitors, will expand our product offerings in these markets.

The Fanatec APA was consummated on September 19, 2024 (the “Fanatec Acquisition Date”) for a cash purchase consideration of approximately $43.7 million, net of $4.5 million of cash acquired.

Prior to the Fanatec acquisition, another of our subsidiaries, Corsair Components Ltd (“CCL”), entered into a Bridge Loan Agreement (“Bridge Loan”) in May 2024 and a Debtor-In-Possession Loan Agreement (“DIP Loan”) in September 2024 with Endor to provide short-term financing for Endor's operations in connection with our intent to acquire the Fanatec Business through a German restructuring process. Pursuant to the terms of the APA, the total principal and interest owed by Endor to CCL as of the Fanatec Acquisition Date for the Bridge Loan and DIP Loan of approximately $16.6 million, in aggregate, was set-off against the purchase price, and accordingly, on the Fanatec Acquisition Date, GmbH paid CCL $16.6 million cash to settle the Bridge Loan and DIP Loan (including interest of $0.6 million), on behalf of Endor. GmbH paid the remaining $31.6 million purchase consideration to Endor in cash on the Fanatec Acquisition Date.

Because the Fanatec acquisition met the definition of a business, it has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. Fanatec’s results of operations are included in our consolidated statements of operations with effect from September 19, 2024.

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase consideration to the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Fanatec Acquisition Date with measurement period adjustments through December 31, 2024. The primary areas of the purchase price allocation that are not yet finalized consist of income tax and indirect tax considerations and the validation of certain prepayments and inventory values, accounts payables and accrued liabilities. We will continue to reflect measurement period adjustments to purchase price allocation, if any, in the period in which the adjustments are recognized. Final determination of the fair values may result in adjustments to the values presented in the following table (in thousands):

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Property and equipment 780 — 780

Purchase consideration, net of cash acquired $ 43,723 $ — $ 43,723

(1)

As previously reported in our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

(2)

During the fourth quarter of 2024, as a result of certain measurement period adjustments, the $46.3 million fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired exceeded the total purchase consideration of $43.7 million. Accordingly, we recognized a bargain purchase gain of $2.6 million, within “other (expense) income, net” in our consolidated statements of operations in the year ended December 31, 2024. We believe the bargain purchase gain was primarily attributable to Endor's distressed financial position and lack of financing options available to avoid liquidation.

The fair value of the working capital related items, as well as the fair value of property and equipment approximated their book values at the Fanatec Acquisition Date. The fair value of the inventories was estimated by major category, at an estimate of net realizable value, which we believe approximates the price a market participant could achieve in a current sale. The difference between the fair value of the inventories and the book value recorded on the Fanatec Acquisition Date was $5.4 million, of which we recognized $4.7 million in “cost of revenue” in our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2024, upon the sale of the acquired inventory.

The $15.1 million identifiable intangible assets acquired include trade name of $11.3 million and product technology of $3.8 million. The fair values of the identified intangible assets were estimated primarily using the income approach and were based on inputs that are not observable in the market which we consider to be Level 3 inputs. These intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 6 to 15 years, using the straight-line method of amortization. The identifiable intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

The acquisition-related costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2024 was $2.7 million, and these amounts are included in sales and general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

Pro forma information is not included because the effects of the Fanatec Acquisition were not material to our consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented.

Drop Acquisition

On July 14, 2023 (the “Drop Acquisition Date”), we completed the acquisition of the assets and business of Massdrop Inc. (“Drop”), including the assumption of trade payables and certain accrued liabilities (the “Drop Acquisition”) for a cash purchase consideration of approximately $14.2 million, net of $0.6 million of cash acquired. On January 29, 2024, in connection with a joint release letter executed between us and Drop's seller, we received a refund of $1.0 million from escrow funds in relation to a purchase price adjustment for net working capital. With this refund, total purchase consideration, net of cash acquired, decreased to $13.2 million.

Drop, a community-based e-commerce company headquartered in San Francisco, California, specializes in customized DIY keyboards and keycaps. We expect this acquisition to give Corsair a leading presence in the personalized keyboards market which is one of the fastest growing trends in the gaming peripheral space as well as allow us to offer specialized Corsair and Elgato products to the enthusiast community that Drop is engaged with. Drop’s results of operations are included in our consolidated statements of operations with effect from July 14, 2023.

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The Drop Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The final allocation of the Drop Acquisition purchase consideration to the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, inclusive of immaterial measurement period adjustments, was as follows (in thousands):

Amounts

Accounts receivable $ 135

Prepaid and other assets 866

Property and equipment 109

Identifiable intangible assets 9,160

Accounts payable (7,064 )

Accrued liabilities (3,726 )

Purchase consideration, net of cash acquired $ 13,179

The fair value of certain working capital related items, including accounts receivable, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, as well as the fair value of property and equipment approximated their book values at the Drop Acquisition Date. The fair value of the inventories was estimated by major category, at net realizable value, which we believe approximates the price a market participant could achieve in a current sale. The difference between the fair value of the inventories and the book value recorded on the Drop Acquisition Date was $2.0 million, of which we recognized $0.5 million and $1.5 million in “cost of revenue” in our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, upon the sale of the acquired inventory.

The goodwill of $6.0 million represents the expansion of our market presence by utilizing Drop's strength in direct consumer reach as well as the ability to expand the customizable keyboard and keycap market. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes and is assigned to our Peripherals reporting unit.

The $9.2 million identifiable intangible assets acquired include developed technology of $5.2 million, trade name of $2.3 million and domain name of $1.7 million. The fair values of the identified intangible assets were estimated primarily using the income approach and were based on inputs that are not observable in the market which we consider to be Level 3 inputs. These intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 5 to 15 years, using the straight-line method of amortization. The identifiable intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

The acquisition-related costs are included in sales, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations and the amounts incurred in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were not material.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

Pro forma financial information is not included because the effects of the Drop Acquisition were not material to our consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented.

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

We used to have four reporting units: Peripherals, Components, Memory and Systems. The Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment includes the Peripherals reporting unit. The Gaming Components and Systems segment includes the Components, Memory and Systems reporting units. Due to a change in business strategies, with effect from July 1, 2024, the Systems reporting unit and the Components reporting unit within the Gaming Components and Systems segment were combined (referred to as the Component and Systems reporting unit) because they now satisfy the aggregation criteria under the applicable accounting guidance. Therefore, with effect from July 1, 2024, we have three reporting units: Peripherals, Components and Systems, and Memory. The Gamer and Creator Peripherals segment includes the Peripherals reporting unit. The Gaming Components and Systems segment includes the Components and Systems reporting unit, and the Memory reporting unit. Since the composition of our other reporting units, the Peripherals reporting unit and the Memory reporting unit, did not change, the carrying value of the goodwill for the Component and Systems reporting was determined as the sum of the goodwill carrying value for the Components reporting unit and the Systems reporting unit as of July 1, 2024.

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The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment (in thousands):

GamingComponentsandSystems Gamer andCreatorPeripherals Total

Addition from business acquisition — 7,007 7,007

Purchase price adjustment — (1,041 ) (1,041 )

Measurement period adjustments — 21 21

Effect of foreign currency exchange rates 5 966 971

Measurement period adjustments — (28 ) (28 )

Effect of foreign currency exchange rates (61 ) (394 ) (455 )

Intangible assets, net

The following table is a summary of intangible assets, net (in thousands):

In the year when an identified intangible asset becomes fully amortized, the fully amortized balances from the gross asset and accumulated amortization amounts are removed from the table above.

Amortization expense of intangible assets was recognized in our consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of December 31, 2024 is as follows (in thousands):

Amounts

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6. Balance Sheet Components

The following tables present the components of certain balance sheet amounts (in thousands):

December 31,

Restricted cash—noncurrent 246 239

December 31,

Due from Factor — 283

Allowance for doubtful accounts (265 ) (1,448 )

December 31,

Computer equipment, software and office equipment 16,418 16,083

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (41,682 ) (35,653 )

December 31,

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December 31,

Accrued reserves for customer incentive programs $ 41,141 $ 41,148

Operating lease liabilities, current 15,843 9,721

Sales and use tax and value-added tax payable 9,169 10,652

December 31,

Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent $ 47,660 $ 38,587

7. Debt

On September 3, 2021, we refinanced the First Lien Credit and Guaranty Agreement with a new Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a $100.0 million five-year revolving credit facility (“Revolving Facility”) and a $250.0 million five-year term loan facility (“Term Loan”), with each maturing in September 2026. The Credit Agreement also permits, subject to conditions stated therein, additional incremental facilities in a maximum aggregate principal amount not to exceed $250.0 million. We may prepay the Term Loan and the Revolving Facility at any time without premium or penalty. We prepaid $12.5 million and $34.1 million of the Term Loan principal in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table presents the carrying value of our Term Loan (in thousands):

December 31,

Debt discount and issuance cost, net of amortization (461 ) (804 )

Less: debt maturing within one year, net 12,229 12,190

As of December 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of the Term Loan, which we have classified as a Level 2 financial instrument, was approximately $176.9 million.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had $99.8 million unused capacity under the Revolving Facility.

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The effective interest rate of our Term Loan, inclusive of the debt discount and debt issuance costs, was approximately 6.8%, 7.4% and 3.3% for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table summarizes the interest expense recognized for all periods presented (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

Credit Agreement:

Contractual interest expense for Revolving Facility 55 — 1,141

Amortization of debt discount and issuance cost 513 679 398

The future principal payments under our total long-term debt as of December 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):

Amounts

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Product Warranties

Changes in our assurance-type warranty obligations were as follows (in thousands):

December 31,

Balance assumed from business acquisitions 1,304 —

Warranty provision related to products shipped 5,872 9,097

Deductions for warranty claims processed (5,572 ) (5,627 )

Unconditional Purchase Obligations

In the normal course of business, we enter into various purchase commitments for goods or services. Our long-term non-cancelable purchase commitments consist primarily of multi-year contractual arrangements relating to subscriptions for our enterprise resource planning system and the related support services, in addition to commitments related to other cloud computing hosting arrangements. Total long-term non-cancelable purchase commitments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

Letters of Credit

Letters of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $0.2 million and nil, respectively. No amounts have been drawn upon the letters of credit for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

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Legal Proceedings

We may from time to time be involved in various claims and legal proceedings of a character normally incident to the ordinary course of business. Litigation can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations, and the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict, and our view of these matters may change in the future as the litigation and events related thereto unfold. We expense legal fees as incurred and we record a provision for contingent losses when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Based on currently available information, we believe there are no existing claims or proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, or the outcome of these matters is currently not determinable. An unfavorable outcome to any legal matter, if material, could have an adverse effect on our operations or financial position, liquidity of results of operations.

Indemnification

In the ordinary course of business, we may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms with respect to certain transactions. We have entered into indemnification agreements with directors and certain officers and employees that will require Corsair, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors, officers or employees. No demands have been made upon Corsair to provide indemnification under such agreements, and thus, there are no claims that we are aware of that could have a material effect on our consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, or statements of cash flows. We currently have directors’ and officers’ insurance.

9. Stockholders’ Equity

On September 25, 2020, in connection with the closing of the IPO, we filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation which increased the authorized shares of common stock for issuance to 300,000,000 and authorized 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share, for issuance. There were no shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Shelf-Registration Statement

On July 22, 2022, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC, which was declared effective August 1, 2022 (the “2022 Shelf Registration Statement”). The 2022 Shelf Registration Statement registered securities to be offered by us, in an amount up to $300.0 million, including common stock, preferred stock and warrants. In addition, the 2022 Shelf Registration Statement registered 54,179,559 shares of common stock held by the selling securityholders named in the 2022 Shelf Registration Statement. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares registered by the selling securityholders.

As of December 31, 2024, $216.7 million remained available for issuance under the 2022 Shelf Registration Statement.

10. Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plans

In 2017, we adopted the 2017 Equity Incentive Program (“2017 Plan”). In September 2020, we adopted the 2020 Incentive Award Plan (“2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan is the successor and continuation to the 2017 Plan. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, RSUs, performance awards and other forms of awards. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. All other awards may be granted to eligible employees, non-employee directors and consultants, at the discretion of our board of directors (“Board”).

Under the 2020 Plan, the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance is subject to automatic evergreen increases annually on the first day of each year beginning in 2021 through 2030, by an amount equal to the lesser of 4% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or a number of shares determined by our Board. The 2020 Plan reserve also includes any shares under the 2017 Plan and the 2020 Plan that may become available for issuance if the award terminates without the delivery of shares or if shares are tendered to satisfy the exercise price or tax withholding obligation with respect of the award. As of December 31, 2024, there were 7,083,164 shares reserved for future issuance under the 2020 Plan.

All stock options under the 2017 Plan and the 2020 Plan are issued at exercise prices not less than the fair market value on the date of grant. RSUs have no exercise price. Both stock options and RSUs vest over a period of time as determined by the Board, generally four to five years. Stock options expire ten years from date of grant.

In February 2024, we granted 327,000 shares of PSUs to certain senior members of our management team under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, with weighted-average grant date fair value of $13.54 per share. The vesting of PSUs is conditional upon the achievement of certain internal financial targets for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Performance Period”), as measured as soon as administratively practicable within a 60-day period following the end of the Performance Period (the “Determination Date”).

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If these targets are met, the PSUs would vest over a three-year service period. However, the financial targets for the Performance Period were not met and according to the terms of this PSU grant, the PSUs were forfeited on the Determination Date, which was February 5, 2025.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In September 2020, we adopted the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The ESPP is designed to allow eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock with their accumulated payroll deductions. Our ESPP offering periods are generally six months. On each purchase date which falls on the last date of each offering period, plan participants can purchase shares of common stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lesser of the closing price per share of our common stock on the enrollment date or on the purchase date.

Under the ESPP plan, the number of shares reserved for issuance is subject to automatic increases annually on the first day of each year beginning in 2021 through 2030, by an amount equal to the lesser of 1% of the total outstanding shares of our common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or a number of shares determined by our Board, provided that no more than 20,000,000 shares may be issued under the plan. As of December 31, 2024, there were 2,879,291 shares reserved for future issuance under the ESPP.

Stock Options Activities

The following table summarizes the stock option activities and related information for the year ended December 31, 2024:

(In years) (In thousands)

The weighted-average grant date fair value per share for stock options granted in years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $6.47, $8.71 and $8.70, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $2.0 million, $11.8 million and $7.7 million, respectively.

RSU Activities

CRSR US Equity

CRSR · 10-K · period ended 2024-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

CRSR US Equity☆

CRSR · 10-K · period ended 2024-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

CRSR US Equity