Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Overview

We are a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of drugs for the treatment of cancer. Our core objective is to leverage our proprietary phospholipid ether drug conjugate TM (PDCTM) delivery platform to develop PDCs that are designed to specifically target cancer cells and deliver improved efficacy and better safety as a result of fewer off-target effects. We believe that our PDC platform possesses the potential for the discovery and development of the next generation of cancer-targeting treatments, and we plan to develop PDCs both independently and through research and development collaborations.

We are primarily focused on the development of our radioconjugate PDC programs, also known as phospholipid radioconjugates or PRCs, designed to provide targeted delivery of a radioisotope directly to cancer cells, while limiting exposure to healthy cells. We believe this profile differentiates our PRCs from many traditional on-market treatments and radiotherapeutics. The three lead programs are: iopofosine I 131 (iopofosine), a beta-emitting iodine-131 based program which has been studied extensively, as described below; CLR 121225, an actinium-225 based program; and CLR 121125, an iodine-125 Auger-emitting program, both prepared to enter clinical trials in 2025.

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Results of Operations

Research and development. Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in identifying, developing and testing, and manufacturing product candidates, which primarily include salaries and related expenses for personnel, cost of manufacturing materials and contract manufacturing fees paid to contract manufacturers and contract research organizations, and fees paid to medical institutions for clinical studies. We analyze our research and development expenses based on four categories as follows: clinical project costs, preclinical project costs, manufacturing and related costs, and general research and development costs that are not allocated to the functional project costs, including personnel costs, facility costs, and related overhead costs.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other related costs for personnel in executive, finance, and administrative functions. Other costs include insurance, costs for public company activities, investor relations, directors’ fees, and professional fees for legal and accounting services.

Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net, consists primarily of the impacts related to issuing and revaluing equity securities, and interest income.

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

Research and Development. Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were approximately $26,136,000, compared to approximately $27,266,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The following table provides a summary of research and development costs by category for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:

Year Ended

December 31,

The overall decrease in research and development expenses of approximately $1,130,000, or 4%, was primarily a result of a reduction in clinical project costs of approximately $4,670,000, resulting from site management costs declining and the timing of patient enrollment related to the WM arm of the CLOVER-WaM study, partially offset by an increase in manufacturing and related costs related to greater production sourcing necessary to further develop commercial production capabilities of approximately $1,241,000 and an increase in general research and development costs related to an increase in personnel of approximately $2,554,000.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, were approximately $25,641,000, compared to approximately $11,694,000 in 2023. The increase of $13,947,000, or 119% in general and administrative costs was primarily driven by investing in the development of information and infrastructure to support product commercialization, including the related market preparation and personnel costs.

Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net, for the year ended December 31, 2024, was approximately $7,262,000 of income, as compared to approximately $3,870,000 of expense for the year ended December 31, 2023. A significant portion of this non-cash impact comes from changes in the valuation of the Company’s outstanding warrants. Warrant valuation consists of several

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aspects, but the most significant driver is the price of the Company’s common stock at the end of each reporting period. Interest income improved to approximately $1,211,000 in 2024, compared to approximately $387,000 in 2023. The Company’s improved return on cash equivalents is a product of higher average cash balances and a higher average interest rates.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Year ended December 31, 2024, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2023

As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $23.3 million, compared to $9.6 million as of December 31, 2023, an increase of $13.7 million. Net cash proceeds from the issuance of common stock, preferred stock and warrants during 2024 were approximately $61.4 million. The cash used in operating activities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, was approximately $47.6 million.

Investing activities consist exclusively of fixed asset purchases, which declined in 2024 as compared to 2023 due to our having completed the establishment of redundancy in each aspect of our product manufacturing supply chain, ensuring product availability upon commercialization.

Net cash proceeds from financing activities was exclusively the exercise of warrants by investors during 2024 for approximately $61.4 million, as compared to approximately $22.9 million primarily for preferred stock issued in 2023.

Our cash requirements have historically been for our research and development activities, finance and administrative costs, capital expenditures and overall working capital. We have experienced negative operating cash flows since inception and have funded our operations primarily from sales of equity-based securities. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $247.3 million.

Liquidity Outlook

We have incurred losses since inception in devoting substantially all of our efforts toward research and development. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we generated a net loss of approximately $44.6 million and used approximately $47.6 million in cash for operations. We expect that we will continue to generate operating losses for the foreseeable future. As of December 31, 2024, our consolidated cash balance was approximately $23.3 million. As of the date the accompanying consolidated financial statements were issued (the “issuance date”), the Company’s available liquidity to fund the Company’s operations over the next twelve months beyond the issuance date was limited to approximately $14.9 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. Absent further action taken by management to increase its liquidity, the Company may be unable to fund its operations under normal course beyond the fourth quarter of 2025. To improve the Company’s liquidity, management plans to secure additional outside capital via the sale of equity and/or debt securities or execute a strategic transaction. Management also plans to preserve liquidity, as needed, by implementing cost saving measures. While management believes their plans will be successful, no assurance can be provided such plans will be effectively implemented over the next twelve months beyond the issuance date. In the event management’s plans are not effectively implemented, the Company will be required to seek other alternatives which may include, among others, the sale of assets, discontinuance of certain operations, a wind-down of operations and/or filing for bankruptcy protection.

These uncertainties raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates it will be able to realize assets and settle liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of these uncertainties.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., or GAAP, requires management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those

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estimates. We review these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflect the effects of revisions in the period that they are determined to be necessary.

We believe that the following accounting policies reflect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.

Accrued Liabilities. As part of the process of preparing financial statements, we are required to estimate accrued liabilities. This process involves identifying services that have been performed on our behalf and estimating the level of service performed and the associated cost incurred for such service as of each balance sheet date in our financial statements. Examples of estimated expenses for which we accrue include contract service fees, such as amounts paid to clinical research organizations and investigators in conjunction with clinical studies, fees paid to vendors in conjunction with the manufacturing of clinical materials, and professional service fees, such as for lawyers and accountants. In connection with such service fees, our estimates are most affected by our understanding of the status and timing of services provided relative to the actual levels of services incurred by such service providers. The majority of our service providers invoice us monthly in arrears for services performed. In the event that we do not identify certain costs that have begun to be incurred, or we over- or underestimate the level of services performed or the costs of such services, our reported expenses for such period would be too high or too low. The date on which certain services commence, the level of services performed on or before a given date and the cost of such services are often determined based on subjective judgments. We make these judgments based on the facts and circumstances known to us, in accordance with GAAP.

Fair value measurements. We account for certain financial assets at fair value, defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., exit price) in the principal, most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that a market participant would use in pricing an asset or liability. In conjunction with the financings conducted in July 2024, September 2023 and October 2022, we recorded the preferred stock and warrants separately based on their estimated fair values. Subsequent to issuance, to the extent that such securities are liability classified, they are marked to market, with the change in value reflected in the statement of operations at each reporting date. If management made different assumptions or judgments, material differences in measurements of fair value could occur.

Warrants. We account for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of our control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. If these instruments are initially classified as either liabilities or equity and a subsequent assessment determines that the classification has changed, we reflect that change in the financial statements.

Preferred Stock. We account for preferred stock based upon their specific terms and the authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815, including whether they are freestanding instruments, whether any redemption or conversion aspects exist and how they are required to be settled (particularly if there is a cash settlement aspect), whether they contain characteristics that are predominantly debt-like or equity-like, whether they have embedded derivatives, and if they have redemption features. Based upon analysis of these criteria, the preferred stock will be classified as either debt, temporary (or “mezzanine”) equity, or permanent equity. The resultant classification is then evaluated quarterly to determine whether any change to the classification is required.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

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Item 8. Financial Statements.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

Page

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 63

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 67

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Cellectar Biosciences, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cellectar Biosciences, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, statements of convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations and has limited capital resources to fund its ongoing operations that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

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Initial Accounting for the Warrant Exercise Inducement Transaction — Refer to “Note 6. Stockholders’ Equity” to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

On July 21, 2024, the Company, entered into a warrant exercise inducement (the “Inducement”) with certain holders of its September 2023 Tranche B warrants, pursuant to which the holders agreed to exercise the warrants to purchase 1,610 shares of the Company’s Series E-4 Convertible Voting Preferred Stock (the “Series E-4 preferred stock”) which were convertible to 6,739,919 shares of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate, at a reduced, as-converted common stock price of $2.52 per share, in exchange for the Company’s issuance of new warrants (the “Inducement Warrants”), with varying termination dates and exercise prices. The Company received gross proceeds of $19.4 million and net proceeds of $17.5 million. As included in Note 6 to the financial statements, the Inducement Warrants were comprised of three separate tranches, each with a unique exercise price contractual term.

Due to a cash settlement feature included in the Inducement Warrants that requires cash settlement in the event of a fundamental transaction that is outside the Company’s control resulting in a form of settlement inconsistent with that which would be received by other security holders, the warrants do not qualify under the equity classification guidance. As a result, and in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815, the Inducement Warrants issued in July 2024 were deemed to be liabilities and are adjusted to fair value each reporting period.

We identified the assessment of the initial accounting for the warrant exercise inducement transaction as a critical audit matter because of the complexity in applying the accounting framework and the significant judgments made by management in the determination of the classification and valuation of the Inducement Warrants. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s classification, as well as the valuation of the Inducement Warrants.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the classification and valuation of the Inducement Warrants included the following, among others:

o Evaluating management’s use of the Monte Carlo simulation methodology

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Morristown, New Jersey

March 12, 2025

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2024.

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CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31, December 31,

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 961,665 888,225

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Lease liability, net of current portion 409,586 494,003

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 10)

MEZZANINE EQUITY:

STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY:

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended December 31,

OPERATING EXPENSES:

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT) 66,000 (60,000)

NET LOSS PER SHARE — BASIC $ (1.22) $ (3.50)

NET LOSS PER SHARE — DILUTED $ (1.40) $ (3.50)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Par Amount Capital Deficit Equity (Deficit)

Stock awards — — — — 213,532 2 (2) — —

Retired shares — — — — (8) — — — —

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Year Ended

December 31,

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Loss on disposal of assets 145,726 —

Change in operating lease right-of-use asset 65,409 58,051

Changes in:

Prepaid expenses and other assets (73,440) (173,548)

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of property, plant & equipment (104,195) (864,038)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INFORMATION

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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CELLECTAR BIOSCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. NATURE OF BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATION

Cellectar Biosciences, Inc. (Cellectar or the Company) is a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of drugs for the treatment of cancer, leveraging our proprietary phospholipid drug conjugateTM (PDCTM) delivery platform that specifically targets cancer cells and delivers improved efficacy and better safety as a result of fewer off-target effects.

Going Concern — As an emerging growth company, the Company has, by design, incurred significant recurring losses and used net cash in its operations since its inception as it devotes substantially all of its efforts towards researching, developing and seeking approval for its product candidates to be commercialized in the marketplace. As a result of these efforts, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $247,342,000 as of December 31, 2024, and incurred a net loss of approximately $44,581,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company expects it will continue to generate significant losses and use net cash for the foreseeable future, until such time that one or more of its product candidates are approved and successfully commercialized in the marketplace. While management believes one or more of the Company’s product candidates will be approved and successfully commercialized in the marketplace, no assurance can be provided any products will be approved or commercialized in a profitable manner.

To fund its research, development, and approval efforts, the Company has been heavily dependent on funding from private investors and public stockholders since its inception through the issuance of securities, such as common stock, convertible preferred stock, and warrants (collectively referred to as outside capital). The Company expects to remain heavily dependent on outside capital to fund the Company’s operations for the foreseeable future until such time that one or more of its product candidates are approved and successfully commercialized in the marketplace. While management believes additional outside capital will be secured as needed, no assurance can be provided that additional outside capital will be secured or secured on terms that are acceptable to the Company.

As of the date the accompanying consolidated financial statements were issued (the “issuance date”), the Company’s available liquidity to fund the Company’s operations over the next twelve months beyond the issuance date was limited to approximately $14.9 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. Absent further action taken by management to increase its liquidity the Company may be unable to fund its operations under normal course beyond the fourth quarter of 2025. To improve the Company’s liquidity, management plans to secure additional outside capital via the sale of equity and/or debt securities or execute a strategic transaction. Management also plans to preserve liquidity, as needed, by implementing temporary cost saving measures. While management believes their plans will be successful, no assurance can be provided such plans will be effectively implemented over the next twelve months beyond the issuance date. In the event management’s plans are not effectively implemented, the Company will be required to seek other alternatives which may include, among others, the sale of assets, discontinuance of certain operations, a wind-down of operations and return of capital to stockholders, and/or filing for bankruptcy protection.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the application of certain accounting policies, as described in this note and elsewhere in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company consists of one reportable segment.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and judgments that may affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates including those related to

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potential accrued liabilities, valuation of warrant and equity-based instruments, and share-based compensation. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Changes in estimates are reflected in reported results in the period in which they become known.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — All short-term investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

Property, Plant & Equipment — Property, plant & equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation on property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (3 to 10 years). Leasehold improvements are depreciated over 64 months (their estimated useful life), which represented the full term of the lease at the time the leasehold improvements were capitalized. Our only long-lived assets are property, equipment and Right-of-Use (ROU) assets. The Company periodically, and at a minimum annually, evaluates long-lived assets for potential impairment. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Such analyses necessarily involve judgement. The Company recorded disposal charges of approximately $146,000 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Right-of-Use Asset and Lease Liability — The Company accounts for all material leases in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 842, Leases. ROU assets are recognized over their estimated useful life, which represents the full term of the lease. See Note 11.

Stock-Based Compensation — The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of stock option awards. The resulting compensation expense, net of expected forfeitures, for awards that are not performance-based, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, which for 2024 and 2023 ranged from twelve months to three years.

Research and Development — Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The Company recognizes cost reimbursements from government grants when it is probable that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and the grant proceeds will be received. Government grants are recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs for which the government grant is intended to compensate. Specifically, when government grants are related to reimbursements for operating expenses, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the related expense.

Income Taxes — Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method of accounting. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established when it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Management has provided a full valuation allowance against the Company’s net deferred tax asset. Tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing tax returns are required to be evaluated to determine whether the tax positions are more-likely-than-not to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions deemed to not meet a more-likely-than-not threshold would be recorded as tax expense in the current year. There were no uncertain tax positions that require accrual to or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments The guidance under FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. Financial instruments in the accompanying consolidated financial statements consist of cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, warrant liabilities and long-term obligations. The carrying amount of cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value as a result of their short-term nature. See Note 3.

Warrants — The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding

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financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. For equity-classified warrants, the fair value is not remeasured. For warrants that are liability-classified, changes in fair value, as well as the cost to issue the warrants, are included in Other Income (Expense) in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. If these instruments are initially classified as either liabilities or equity and a subsequent assessment determines that the classification has changed, the Company reflects that change in the financial statements.

Preferred Stock — The Company accounts for preferred stock based upon their specific terms and the authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815, including whether they are freestanding instruments, whether any redemption or conversion aspects exist and how they are required to be settled (for example, if there are features that may require cash settlement), contain characteristics that are predominantly debt-like or equity-like, have embedded derivatives, and if they have redemption features. Based upon analysis of these criteria, the preferred stock will be classified as either debt, temporary (or “mezzanine”) equity, or permanent equity. The resultant classification is then evaluated quarterly to determine whether any change to the classification is required.

Concentration of Credit Risk — Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents on deposit with financial institutions. The Company’s excess cash as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, is on deposit in interest-bearing accounts with well-established financial institutions. At times, such amounts may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limits. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, uninsured cash balances totaled approximately $22,837,000 and $9,123,000, respectively.

Government Assistance — For the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022, management adopted ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), which aims to provide increased transparency by requiring business entities to disclose information about certain types of government assistance they receive in the notes to the financial statements. Reimbursements of eligible expenditures pursuant to government assistance programs are recorded as reductions of operating costs when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and when the reimbursement has been claimed. The determination of the amount of the claim, and accordingly the receivable amount, requires management to make calculations based on its interpretation of eligible expenditures in accordance with the terms of the programs. The reimbursement claims submitted by the Company are subject to review by the relevant government agencies. The Company currently has a cancer treatment research award through the National Cancer Institute (NCI) totaling approximately $2.0 million over a period of approximately three years. In September 2022, the Company was awarded $1.98 million in additional grant funding to expand the Company’s ongoing Phase 1 study of iopofosine I 131 in children and adolescents with inoperable relapsed or refractory high-grade gliomas (HGGs). The grant was awarded by the NCI based upon the initial signals of efficacy in the Phase 1 study, which is an international, open-label, dose escalation, safety study. The funding allows for an expansion from Part 1a into the Part 1b portion of the ongoing Phase 1 pediatric study.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, the Company received approximately $602,000 in NCI grant funding under the grants described above, all of which was reported as a reduction of research and development (R&D) expenses. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, the Company received approximately $1,759,000 in NCI grant funding under the grants described above, all of which was reported as a reduction of research and development (R&D) expenses.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted — In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Public business entities are required to adopt this standard for annual fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 address investor requests for more detailed expense information and require additional disaggregated disclosures in the notes to financial statements for certain categories of expenses that are included on the face of the income statement. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with

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early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.

The Company evaluates all ASUs issued by the FASB for consideration of their applicability to the financial statements. The Company has assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are not relevant to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280). The amendments in this update expand segment disclosure requirements, including new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment among other disclosure requirements. The Company adopted this ASU retrospectively. See Note 13.

3. FAIR VALUE

In accordance with Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC 820, the Company groups its financial assets and financial liabilities generally measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded, and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value:

To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value as maturities are less than three months. The carrying amounts reported for other current financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of their short-term nature.

The Company evaluates its financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level in which to classify them for each reporting period, pursuant to the policy described in Note 2. This determination requires significant judgments be made. The following table summarizes the conclusions reached as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Balance Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

December 31, 2024

December 31, 2023

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July 2024 Warrants

As part of the July 2024 inducement financing the Company issued Tranche A, B, and C warrants (the Inducement Warrants) to purchase shares of common stock (see Note 2). The fair value of the Inducement Warrants was determined using a probability-weighted expected return method (PWERM) with a scenario-based Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes model. The PWERM is a scenario-based methodology that estimates the fair value of the Company’s different classes of equity based upon an analysis of future values for the Company, assuming various outcomes. Under both models, assumptions and estimates are used to value the warrants. The Company assesses these assumptions and estimates on a quarterly basis as additional information that impacts the assumptions is obtained. The quantitative elements associated with the inputs impacting the fair value measurement of the Inducement Warrants include the value per share of the underlying common stock, the timing, form and overall value of the expected exits for the stockholders, the risk-free interest rate, the expected dividend yield and the expected volatility of the Company’s shares. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The Company estimated a 0% dividend yield based on the expected dividend yield and the fact that the Company has never paid or declared cash dividends. Expected volatility was determined based upon the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock.

The Inducement Warrants are classified within the Level 3 hierarchy because of the nature of these inputs and the valuation technique utilized, and had a fair value of $12,000,000 and $1,200,000 as of July 21, 2024, the date of issuance, and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is included in the warrant liability caption on the accompanying balance sheets.

The following table summarizes the modified option-pricing assumptions used on December 31, 2024, and July 21, 2024:

December 31, July 21,

Dividend 0 % 0 %

September 2023 Warrants

As part of the September 2023 financing the Company issued Tranche A and Tranche B warrants (the 2023 Warrants) to purchase shares of preferred stock which, on an as-converted basis, represented an aggregate of 21,025,641 shares of common stock. The fair value of the Tranche A and B warrants was determined using a probability-weighted expected return method (PWERM) with a scenario-based Monte Carlo simulation and Black-Scholes model. The PWERM is a scenario-based methodology that estimates the fair value of the Company’s different classes of equity based upon an analysis of future values for the Company, assuming various outcomes. Under both models, assumptions and estimates are used to value the preferred stock warrants. The Company assesses these assumptions and estimates on a quarterly basis as additional information that impacts the assumptions is obtained. The quantitative elements associated with the inputs impacting the fair value measurement of the 2023 Warrants include the value per share of the underlying common stock, the timing, form and overall value of the expected exits for the stockholders, the risk-free interest rate, the expected dividend yield and the expected volatility of the Company’s shares. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The Company estimated a 0% dividend yield based on the expected dividend yield and the fact that the Company has never paid or declared cash dividends. Expected volatility was determined based upon the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock.

As previously described, all of the Tranche A warrants were exercised in January 2024. Additionally, in July 2024, the holders of the Tranche B warrants exercised all but 105.00 of the Tranche B warrants outstanding. As a result, those warrants were marked-to-market on July 21, 2024, the date of the exercise and subsequent settlement.

The 2023 Warrants are classified within the Level 3 hierarchy because of the nature of these inputs and the valuation technique utilized, and had a fair value of $26,000 and $4,200,000 as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which is included in the warrant liability caption on the accompanying balance sheets. They continue to be classified as a liability due to a cash settlement feature in the agreement.

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The following table summarizes the modified option-pricing assumptions used on December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

December 31, December 31,

Dividend 0 % 0 %

At the time the Tranche A warrants were exercised, their fair value, calculated as the difference between the common stock conversion rate in the Series E-3 preferred stock and the trading price of the stock when the warrants were exercised, was determined to be $4,800,000. At the time the Tranche B warrants were exercised, their fair value, calculated as the difference between the common stock conversion rate in the Series E-4 preferred stock, as adjusted by the inducement offering terms, and the trading price of the stock when the warrants were exercised, was determined to be $2,610,000. Due to the settlement of these warrants, the corresponding liability was reclassified to equity in accordance with ASC 815.

October 2022 Warrants

In October 2022 the Company issued a total of 5,151,098 common warrants that are immediately exercisable with a five-year life and a strike price of $1.96 for shares of common stock (the 2022 Common Warrants), and 1,875,941 pre-funded warrants (the 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants) to acquire shares of common stock (see Note 6). The 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants were all exercised prior to December 31, 2024.

The fair value of the 2022 Common Warrants was determined by utilizing a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The quantitative elements associated with the inputs impacting the fair value measurement of the 2022 Common Warrants include the value per share of the underlying common stock, the risk-free interest rate, the expected dividend yield and the expected volatility of the Company’s shares. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The Company estimated a 0% dividend yield based on the expected dividend yield and the fact that the Company has never paid or declared cash dividends. Expected volatility was determined based upon the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. These warrants are classified within the Level 3 hierarchy because of the nature of these inputs and the valuation technique utilized. The following table summarizes the assumptions used at each financial reporting date:

December 31, December 31,

Risk-free interest rate 4.27 % 3.84 %

Expected life (years) 2.8 3.8

Dividend 0 % 0 %

The following table summarizes the changes in the fair market value of the warrants which are classified within the Level 3 fair value hierarchy, inclusive of all Preferred and Common Warrants, excluding the Pre-Funded Common Warrants:

Level 3

Change in warrant fair value (14,778,015)

Settlement of 2023 Tranche A Warrants to equity (4,800,000)

Settlement of 2023 Tranche B Warrants to equity (2,610,000)

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4. PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT

Property, plant & equipment consisted of the following as of December 31:

Less– accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,024,000) (885,000)

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded approximately $292,000 and $192,000 of fixed asset depreciation and amortization expense, respectively.

5. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities consist of the following as of December 31:

6. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

July 2024 Warrant Inducement

On July 21, 2024, the Company, entered into a warrant exercise inducement (the “Inducement”) with certain holders of its September 2023 Tranche B warrants, pursuant to which the holders agreed to exercise the warrants to purchase 1,610 shares of the Company’s Series E-4 Convertible Voting Preferred Stock, par value $0.00001 per share (the “Series E-4 preferred stock”) which were convertible to 6,739,919 shares of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate, at a reduced, as-converted common stock price of $2.52 per share, in exchange for the Company’s issuance of new warrants (the “Inducement Warrants”), with varying termination dates and exercise prices. The Company received gross proceeds of $19.4 million and net proceeds of $17.5 million.

The Inducement Warrants have the following terms:

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Due to a cash settlement feature that requires cash settlement in the event of a fundamental transaction that is outside the Company’s control resulting in a form of settlement inconsistent with that which would be received by other security holders, the warrants do not qualify under the equity classification guidance. As a result, and in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815, the warrants issued in July 2024 are deemed to be liabilities. All such liabilities are required to be presented at fair value, with changes reflected in financial results for the period. See Note 3 for the related valuation.

In accordance with the guidance above, the Company recorded the Inducement Warrants and preferred stock at their respective fair values. Utilizing valuation techniques described in Note 3, the Company computed the fair value of the Inducement Warrants as $12.0 million and recorded the preferred stock at approximately $15.9 million, which represented its fair value of $17.0 million less allocated issuance costs. The value of the preferred stock and Inducement Warrants sold exceeded the proceeds received by the Company and the fair value of the Tranche B warrants that were exercised in the transaction, which was approximately $2.6 million at the time of exercise. The value in excess of the net proceeds and the fair value of the Tranche B warrants of approximately $7.7 million is reflected in Other Expense.

As of December 31, 2024, all of the Series E-4 preferred stock issued in the July 2024 financing has been converted into 6,739,919 shares of common stock.

September 2023 Private Placement

On September 8, 2023, in a private placement with certain institutional investors, the Company issued 1,225 shares of Series E-1 preferred stock, along with Tranche A warrants to purchase 2,205 shares of Series E-3 preferred stock and Tranche B warrants to purchase 1,715 shares of Series E-4 preferred stock. Shares of Series E preferred stock were issued at a fixed price of $20,000 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $24.5 million and net proceeds of approximately $22.2 million after placement agent fees and other customary expenses.

The conversion prices for the preferred stock are as follows: for the Series E-1 or E-2 preferred stock, $1.82 per share of common stock, or a total of 13,461,538 shares of common stock; for the Series E-3 preferred stock, $3.185 per share of common stock, or a total of 13,846,154 shares of common stock; and for the Series E-4 preferred stock, $4.7775 per share of common stock, or a total of 7,179,487 shares of common stock, in each case subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization. The warrants were exercisable as follows:

As of December 31, 2023, the Tranche A and Tranche B warrants did not qualify as derivatives; however, they did not meet the requirements necessary to be considered indexable in the Company’s stock. As a result, and in accordance with the guidance in FASB ASC 815, the warrants were deemed to be liabilities. As of September 30, 2024, the Tranche B warrants do not qualify as derivatives and meet the requirements necessary to be considered indexable in the Company’s stock. However, due to a cash settlement feature that requires cash settlement in event of a fundamental transaction that is outside the Company’s control resulting in a form of settlement inconsistent with that which would be received by other security holders, the warrants do not qualify under the equity classification guidance. As a result, and in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815, the Tranche B warrants continue to be deemed liabilities. All such liabilities are required to be presented at fair value, with changes reflected in financial results for the period. As discussed above, the majority of the Tranche B warrants were exercised in July 2024. See Note 3 for the related valuation.

When issued, the Series E-1 preferred stock had a redemption feature; therefore, it was classified as mezzanine equity as of September 30, 2023. The Series E-1 preferred stock also had a liquidation preference, which was calculated as an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) two times (2X) the Original Per Share Price, together with any declared, unpaid dividends, or (ii) such amount per share as would have been payable had all shares of Series E-1 preferred stock been converted into Common Stock immediately prior to such Liquidation. While the Series E - 1 preferred was outstanding, this resulted in both the Tranche A and Tranche B warrants being considered puttable by virtue of the liquidation preference impacting the disposition of these warrants in the

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event of a liquidation. In accordance with the guidance in ASC 480, a puttable warrant is deemed to be a liability. These features only applied to the Series E-1 preferred stock when it was outstanding; upon stockholder approval of the transaction, which was obtained by the Company at a special meeting of stockholders held on October 25, 2023, the Series E-1 preferred stock immediately converted into either Series E-2 preferred stock and/or common stock, dependent upon the beneficial ownership position of the holder.

The net proceeds from the September 2023 Private Placement were allocated first to the fair value of the Tranche A and Tranche B warrants, which had a fair value upon issuance of $4,800,000, with the remainder, or $17,820,000, allocated to the Series E-1 preferred stock. Upon stockholder approval of the transaction, the entire amount that had been assigned to mezzanine equity was reclassified to Series E-2 preferred stock and is a component of permanent equity, as is reflected in the financial statements. As a result of the stockholder approval, Series E-1 preferred stock was fully extinguished in accordance with the terms of the financing. The outstanding shares of Series E preferred stock were classified as permanent equity upon issuance.

Series E preferred stock is convertible to common stock at the request of the holder, subject to the holder not exceeding certain beneficial ownership percentages as stipulated in the financing agreement. Subsequent to the issuance of the Series E-2 preferred stock and prior to December 31, 2023, preferred holders converted 905.24 shares of preferred stock into 9,947,684 shares of common stock at the stated rate of $1.82 per common share, resulting in 319.76 shares of Series E - 2 preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 284.16 shares of Series E-2 preferred stock were converted into 3,122,637 shares of common stock. There remain 35.60 shares of Series E-2 preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2024.

In January 2024, the Company released topline data from its pivotal, Phase 2b CLOVER WaM trial. In accordance with the terms of the Tranche A warrant, the warrants’ expiration accelerated to 10 trading days after the topline data release. Warrant holders exercised the Tranche A warrants in their entirety, resulting in the Company issuing 2,205.00 shares of Series E-3 preferred stock, which were convertible to common stock at the stated rate of $3.185 per share, and receiving gross proceeds of $44.1 million and net proceeds of $42.8 million (see Note 3).

As of December 31, 2024, all of the Series E-3 preferred stock has been converted into 13,846,141 shares of common stock.

October 2022 Public Offering and Private Placement

On October 25, 2022, the Company completed a registered direct offering of 3,275,153 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.085 per share and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,275,153 shares of common stock in a concurrent private placement priced at-the-market under Nasdaq rules. In a separate concurrent private placement transaction, the Company offered and sold pre-funded warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,875,945 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,875,945 shares of common stock. The warrants are immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $1.96 per share and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the closing date. Each pre-funded warrant had a purchase price of $2.08499, is immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and will not expire until exercised in full. The registered direct offering and private placements resulted in total gross proceeds of approximately $10.7 million with net proceeds to the Company of approximately $9.6 million after deducting estimated offering expenses.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 1,079,132 pre-funded warrants, which was the entirety of the quantity still outstanding, were converted into 1,079,132 shares of common stock, and 547,177 warrants issued in October 2022 were exercised for net proceeds of approximately $1.1 million. There were no such conversions or exercises in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

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Warrants

The following table summarizes information with regard to outstanding warrants to purchase stock as of December 31, 2024:

Number of Common

Shares Issuable

Upon

Exercise of

Outstanding Exercise

Offering Warrants Price Expiration Date

All warrants in the table above are liability-classified.

7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

2021 Stock Incentive Plan

The Company maintains the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The Company utilizes stock-based compensation incentives as a component of its employee and non-employee director and officer compensation philosophy. A committee of the Board of Directors determines the terms of the awards granted and may grant various forms of equity-based incentive compensation. Currently, these incentives consist principally of stock options and restricted shares. All outstanding awards under the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) remained in effect according to the terms of the 2015 Plan. Any shares that are currently available under the 2015 Plan and any shares underlying 2015 Plan awards which are forfeited, cancelled, reacquired by the Company or otherwise terminated are added to the shares available for grant under the 2021 Plan.

Under the current stock option award program, all options become exercisable between one and three years after issuance and expire after ten years. The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Volatility is based on the Company’s historical common stock volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time. The expected term of stock options granted is based on an estimate of when options will be exercised in the future. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. No dividends have been recorded historically.

At the annual meeting of stockholders held on June 14, 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase in the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan by 7,000,000 to 9,368,900.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, stock options granted were 3,063,500 and 1,617,000, respectively. The following table summarizes amounts charged to expense for stock-based compensation related to employee and director stock option grants:

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,

Employee and director stock option and stock grants:

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In December 2023, the Company granted 2,776,000 contingent, non-statutory stock option awards at an exercise price of $2.63 per share to employees and directors, and in March 2024 the Company granted 200,000 contingent, non-statutory stock option awards at an exercise price of $3.63 and $3.35 per share to our employees. Each of these grants was contingent on approval of an increase in the shares available in the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan that was approved by the stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on June 14, 2024. In accordance with the removal of the contingency, the Company began recognizing the expense for these awards in June 2024.

Assumptions Used in Determining Fair Value

Valuation and amortization method. The fair value of each stock award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of employee stock options is amortized to expense using the straight-line method over the required service period which is generally the vesting period. The estimated fair value of the non-employee options is amortized to expense over the period during which a non-employee is required to provide services for the award (usually the vesting period).

Volatility. The Company estimates volatility based on the Company’s historical volatility since its common stock has been publicly traded.

Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant commensurate with the expected term assumption.

Expected term. The expected term of stock options granted is based on an estimate of when options will be exercised in the future. The Company applied the simplified method of estimating the expected term of the options, as described in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletins 107 and 110, as the historical experience is not indicative of the expected behavior in the future. The expected term, calculated under the simplified method, is applied to groups of stock options that have similar contractual terms. Using this method, the expected term is determined using the average of the vesting period and the contractual life of the stock options granted. The Company applied the simplified method to non-employees who have a truncation of term based on termination of service and utilizes the contractual life of the stock options granted for those non-employee grants which do not have a truncation of service.

Forfeitures. The Company only records stock-based compensation expense for those awards that are expected to vest. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

Dividends. The Company has not historically issued dividends.

Summary. The following table summarizes the assumptions used for stock options granted to employees and directors in the periods indicated:

Year Ended December 31,

Expected life (years) 6.0 6.0

Dividend 0 % 0 %

Exercise prices for all grants made during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were equal to the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

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Stock Option Activity

A summary of stock option activity is as follows:

Number of

Issuable Weighted

Upon Average

Exercise Weighted Remaining

of Average Contracted Aggregate

Outstanding Exercise Term in Intrinsic

Options Price Years Value

Exercised (1,667) 1.68

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding is calculated based on the positive difference between the estimated per-share fair value of common stock at the end of the respective period and the exercise price of the underlying options. Shares of common stock issued upon the exercise of options are from authorized but unissued shares. At December 31, 2024, we had 4,746,451 shares available for grant under the 2021 Option Plan.

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $2.45 and $1.35, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $5,342,685 and $1,670,964, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of vested and unvested options outstanding at December 31, 2024, was $3.69 and $2.19, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of vested and unvested options outstanding at December 31, 2023, was $11.13 and $1.81, respectively.

The weighted average grant date fair value of options forfeited during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $1.77 and $1.41, respectively. The number of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, was 2,408,864 and 308,136, respectively. The number of options unvested at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, was 1,653,921 and 1,837,732, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, there was approximately $3,608,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based compensation arrangements. Of this total amount, the Company expects to recognize approximately $2,057,000, $1,547,000, and $4,000 during 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively. The Company’s expense estimates are based upon the expectation that all unvested options will vest in the future.

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8. INCOME TAXES

Tax provision (benefit)

Current

Federal $ — $ —

Deferred

Deferred tax assets consisted of the following as of December 31:

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Total deferred tax assets $ — $ —

A reconciliation of income taxes computed using the U.S. federal statutory rate to that reflected in operations is as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Income tax benefit using U.S. federal statutory rate 21.00 % 21.00 %

State income taxes 7.44 % 6.92 %

Permanent nondeductible items (0.09) % (0.28) %

Change in valuation allowance (43.91) % (35.48) %

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As of December 31, 2024, the Company had federal net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards of approximately $109,644,000 generated as of December 31, 2017, and NOL carryforwards of approximately $118,494,000 after December 31, 2017. Federal NOLs generated as of December 31, 2017, will expire in 2025 through 2037, while NOLs generated during 2018 and later will be carried forward indefinitely until utilized. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had state NOL carryforwards of approximately $135,680,000. State NOL carryforwards will expire in 2029 through 2044.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had federal research and development (R&D) and orphan drug credit carryforwards of approximately $21,359,000 which will expire in 2024 through 2043. As of December 31, 2024, the Company also had state credit carryforwards of approximately $826,000 which will expire in 2025 through 2039.

The Company had federal NOLs and R&D credit carryforwards of $425,000 and $5,000, respectively, that expired in 2024.

The NOL, R&D and orphan drug credit carryforwards may have, or may become subject to, an annual limitation in the event of certain cumulative changes in the ownership interest of significant stockholders over a three-year period in excess of 50%, as defined under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, as well as similar state tax provisions. This could limit the amount of NOLs that the Company can utilize annually to offset future taxable income or tax liabilities. The amount of the annual limitation, if any, will be determined based on the value of the Company immediately prior to an ownership change. Subsequent ownership changes may further affect the limitation in future years. If and when the Company utilizes the NOL carryforwards in a future period, it will perform an analysis to determine the effect, if any, of these loss limitation rules on the NOL carryforward balances.

The Company has evaluated the available evidence supporting the realization of its deferred tax assets, including the amount and timing of future taxable income, and has determined that it is more likely than not that its net deferred tax assets will not be realized. As a result of uncertainties surrounding the realization of the deferred tax assets, the Company maintains a full valuation allowance against all of its net deferred tax assets. When the Company determines that it will be able to realize some portion or all of its deferred tax assets, an adjustment to the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets would have the effect of increasing net income in the period such determination is made.

The Company did not have unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest and penalties at any time during the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023, and does not anticipate having unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months. The Company is subject to audit by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities for tax periods commencing January 1, 2021, as a result of its NOLs. However, any adjustment related to these periods would be limited to the amount of the NOL generated in the year(s) under examination.

9. NET LOSS PER SHARE

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants outstanding during the period. The pre-funded warrants are considered common shares outstanding for the purposes of the basic net loss per share calculation due to the nominal cash consideration and lack of other contingencies for issuance of the underlying common shares. Diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders, as adjusted, by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock and the dilutive potential common stock equivalents then outstanding. Potential common stock equivalents consist of stock options, warrants, and convertible preferred shares. In accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share, diluted earnings per share are the amount of earnings for the period available to each share of common stock outstanding during the reporting period and to each share that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares for all dilutive potential common shares

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outstanding during the reporting period. In the quarters ended June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2024, the common warrants issued in October 2022 were dilutive. In all other periods presented, all outstanding warrants were antidilutive.

Dilutive effect of warrant liability (7,283,786)

Net loss allocated to common shares $ (51,865,232)

Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 36,622,474

Dilutive effect of warrant liability 521,295

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted 37,143,769

Net loss per share - diluted $ (1.40)

The following potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share since their inclusion would have been antidilutive:

Year Ended December 31,

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal

The Company may be involved in legal matters and disputes in the ordinary course of business. We do not anticipate that the outcome of such matters and disputes will materially affect the Company’s financial statements.

Workforce Reduction

In December 2024, the Company implemented a workforce reduction plan impacting approximately 60% of employees. The total expense charge related to the plan was approximately $1,510,000. The remaining liability related to the plan as of December 31, 2024 was $1,180,000.

11. LEASES

Operating Lease Liability

In June 2018, the Company executed an agreement for office space in the Borough of Florham Park, Morris County, New Jersey to be used as its headquarters (HQ Lease). The HQ Lease commenced upon completion of certain improvements in October 2018 and terminates in February 2024 with an option to extend the term of the lease for one additional 60-month period.

On December 30, 2022, the Company entered into an Amended Agreement of Lease, with CAMPUS 100 LLC (the “Landlord”). Under the Amended Lease, which was accounted for as a modification of the initial lease, as the Company will continue to lease 3,983 square feet of rentable area on the second floor of a building located at 100 Campus Drive in Florham Park, New Jersey, for the period commencing on March 1, 2023, and ending on April 30, 2029. The Company also has an option to extend the term of the Amended Lease for one additional 60-month period.

Under the terms of the Amended Lease, the Company’s previously paid security deposit of $75,000 was reduced to $23,566 and the aggregate rent due over the term of the Amended Lease is approximately $918,000, which will be reduced to approximately $893,000 after certain rent abatements. The Company will also be required to pay its proportionate share of certain operating expenses

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and real estate taxes applicable to the leased premises. After certain rent abatements the rent is approximately $11,800 per month for the first year and then escalates thereafter by 2% per year for the duration of the term. The Company has not entered into any leases with related parties.

Discount Rate

The Company has determined an appropriate interest rate to be used in evaluating the present value of the Amended Lease liability considering factors such as the Company’s credit rating, borrowing terms offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration, amount of lease payments, quality of collateral and alignment of the borrowing term and lease term. The Company considers 14% per annum as reasonable to use as the incremental borrowing rate for the purpose of calculating the liability under the Amended Lease. In conjunction with the June 2018 lease, the Company had previously used a 10% per annum incremental borrowing rate.

Maturity Analysis of Short-Term and Operating Leases

The following table approximates the dollar maturity of the Company’s undiscounted payments for its short-term leases and operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024:

Years ending December 31,

Total undiscounted lease payments 657,000

Less: Imputed interest (163,000)

Present value of lease liabilities $ 494,000

12. EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT PLAN

The Company maintains a defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code that allows eligible employees to contribute a portion of their annual compensation on a pre-tax basis. The Company has not made any matching contributions under this plan.

13. OPERATING SEGMENT

The Company has one operating and reportable segment focused on utilizing its PDC platform to develop drugs for the treatment of cancer. The accounting policies of the single operating segment are the same as those of the Company. The chief operating decision maker is the Company’s president and CEO, who manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis, assesses performance for the operating segment and decides how to allocate resources based on consolidated operating expenses, which are reported in the consolidated statements of operations. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total consolidated assets. Expenditures for additions to long-lived assets, which include purchases of property and equipment, are included in total consolidated assets reviewed by management and are reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

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Management uses consolidated cash used in operations and budget-to-actual variances for consolidated net loss to assess the performance of the operating segment and evaluate performance and to allocate resources.

The following table presents certain financial data for the Company’s one reportable segment:

Year Ended December 31,

Research and development:

Other segment items consist of warrant issuance expense, (gain) loss on valuation of warrants, and interest income.

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision, and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), in connection with the period ending December 31, 2024. Based on that evaluation, management has concluded that as of the respective period, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.

Notwithstanding the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, management has concluded that the audited consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act for the Company. Management assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of the year ended December 31, 2024. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO Framework”). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2024, because of the material weaknesses described below.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, as allowed by the SEC.

Material Weaknesses

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that a reasonable possibility exists that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Management concluded that material weaknesses existed as of the year ended December 31, 2024. Specifically, management identified deficiencies in the principles associated with the control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication and monitoring components of internal control, based on the criteria established by the COSO Framework, that constitute material weaknesses, either individually or in the aggregate.

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These material weaknesses resulted in errors that required the restatement of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, as well as the restatement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the interim periods ended September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023, March 31, 2023, September 30, 2022, June 30, 2022, and March 31, 2022. Additionally, these material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of the account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or timely detected.

Management’s Plan to Remediate the Material Weaknesses

The process of designing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting is a continuous effort that requires management to anticipate and react to changes in our business, economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources. In early 2024, the Company began recruiting and hired qualified accounting and financial reporting personnel to supplement our level of knowledge and experience with internal control over financial reporting in order to begin to design and implement a formal control environment and risk assessment process. Such process includes identification of risks, the level of detail in our risk assessment, and the clarity of the linkage between risks and internal controls. The results of this effort are expected to enable us to effectively identify, develop, evolve and implement controls and procedures to address risks. Additionally, the Company has also initiated the implementation of an ERP system, which will provide a system-based control structure for all financial transactions.

As our remediation efforts are still on-going, we will continue to consider the need for additional resources and implement further enhancements to our policies and procedures as necessary to further improve our internal control over financial reporting. As we work to improve our internal control over financial reporting, we may modify our remediation plan and may implement measures as we continue to review, optimize and enhance our financial reporting controls and procedures in the ordinary course. The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the remediated controls have been operating for a sufficient period of time and can be evidenced through testing that these are operating effectively.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the period ended December 31, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information.

Certain information regarding annual incentive bonus is included under Item 11 of this Form 10-K.

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Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Officers and Directors” and “Corporate Governance.”

Insider Trading Policy

We have adopted an Insider Trading Policy which governs the purchase, sale and/or any other dispositions of our securities by the Company and its directors, officers and employees and is reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations and applicable exchange listing standards. A copy of our Insider Trading Policy is filed as Exhibit 19.1 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Code of Ethics

The board of directors has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. A copy of the Code of Ethics is available at our website www.cellectar.com.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers

Executive Compensation

This section provides information, in tabular and narrative formats specified in applicable SEC rules, regarding the amounts of compensation paid to each of our named executive officers, or NEOs, and related information. As a smaller reporting company, the Company has presented such information in accordance with the scaled disclosure requirements permitted under applicable SEC regulations.

The following table sets forth certain information concerning all cash and non-cash compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our each of NEOs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:

2024 Summary Compensation Table

Non-Equity

Stock Option Incentive Plan All Other

Salary Awards Awards Compensation Compensation

Name and Principal Position Year ($) ($)(1) ($) (1) ($) (2) ($) (3) Total ($)

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Equity Awards

As described in Note (1) to the 2024 Summary Compensation Table above, on November 30, 2023 the Compensation Committee approved stock option awards to Messrs. Caruso, Longcor and Kolean with respect to 900,000 shares, 500,000 shares, and 290,000 shares, respectively, subject to stockholder approval of an amendment to the 2021 Plan at the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders. These options are scheduled to vest one-third on the first anniversary of the grant date and in 24 equal monthly installments thereafter, subject to continuous employment with the Company through each vesting date.

Employment Agreements

James V. Caruso. We entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Caruso as of June 15, 2015, as amended and restated on April 15, 2019, pursuant to which Mr. Caruso serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Under the agreement, the Company pays Mr. Caruso a base salary that is adjusted from time to time. Mr. Caruso is also eligible for an annual bonus, based on performance, with an initial target of up to 50% of his base salary at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. If Mr. Caruso is terminated other than for cause or by Mr. Caruso for good reason within 12 months after a change in control (i.e. double trigger), he is entitled to severance in an amount equal to (i) 24 months of base salary, (ii) his then applicable target bonus payable over 24 months (a total of 1.5x the annual target bonus payable at the time of termination) and (iii) 24 months of payment or reimbursement of health insurance (equal to the premium paid by the Company prior to the date of termination), each payable in installments over 24 months. Following a termination of employment by the Company without cause or by Mr. Caruso for good reason that is not within 12 months after a change in control, Mr. Caruso is entitled to severance in an amount equal to 12 months base salary plus payment or reimbursement of health insurance for 12 months (equal to the premium paid by the Company prior to the date of termination). Each of the foregoing severance benefits is conditioned on Mr. Caruso’s execution of a release agreement in favor of the Company.

Jarrod Longcor. We entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Longcor as of July 15, 2016, as amended and restated on April 15, 2019, and amended on November 10, 2019. Under the agreement, Mr. Longcor receives a base salary that may be adjusted from time to time. Mr. Longcor is eligible for an annual bonus, based on performance, with an initial target of up to 30% of his base salary. If Mr. Longcor’s employment is terminated other than for cause or by Mr. Longcor for good reason, contingent upon the execution of a release agreement in favor of the Company, Mr. Longcor is entitled to (i) severance in an amount equal to nine months of Mr. Longcor’s annual base salary, provided that if such termination occurs within 12 months after a change in control (i.e. double trigger), such severance is increased to 18 months of Mr. Longcor’s full base salary, each payable in monthly installments, (ii) payment or reimbursement of health insurance (for nine or 18 months, as applicable), each payable in monthly installments, (iii) a payment amount equal to the annual bonus Mr. Longcor would have received for the calendar year in which the termination occurred prorated for the number of days elapsed in such year, and (iv) outplacement services not to exceed $7,500.

Chad J. Kolean. We entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Kolean as of February 22, 2022. Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Kolean receives a base salary that may be adjusted from time to time and is eligible to receive an annual performance bonus with a target amount equal to 40% of his base salary. In the event of a dismissal without cause or resignation by Mr. Kolean for good reason, Mr. Kolean will be entitled to nine months of severance. In the event of dismissal without cause or

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resignation by Mr. Kolean for good reason, within the eighteen months following a change in control, Mr. Kolean will be entitled to eighteen months of severance.

2024 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to outstanding equity awards as of December 31, 2024, with respect to our NEOs.

Option Awards Stock Awards

Market

Number of Value

Number of Number of Shares or of Shares or

securities securities Units of Units of

underlying underlying Option Stock Stock

unexercised unexercised Exercise Option that Have that Have

options (#) options (#) Price Expiration Not Not

Pursuant to the terms of the option award agreements, options granted pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2015 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2021 Plan become fully vested upon a termination event within one year following a change in control, as defined in such plans. A termination event is defined as either termination of employment other than for cause or constructive termination resulting from a significant reduction in either the nature or scope of duties and responsibilities, a reduction in compensation or a required relocation.

Risks Related to Compensation Policies and Practices

When determining our compensation policies and practices, the Compensation Committee considers various matters relevant to the development of a reasonable and prudent compensation program, including whether the policies and practices are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us. We believe that the mix and design of our executive compensation plans and policies do not encourage management to assume excessive risks and are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us.

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Pay Versus Performance

Average

Summary Average Value of

Compensation Compensation Initial Fixed

Table Total Actually Paid $100

Summary Compensation for Non-PEO to Non-PEO Investment

Compensation Actually Paid Named Named Based On:

Table to Executive Executive Total Net Income

Total for PEO PEO Officers Officers Shareholder Return (Loss)

Year(1) ($)(2) ($)(3) ($)(2) ($)(4) ($)(5) ($)

PEO

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Other NEOs Average(a)

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2024 Director Compensation

The following table sets forth certain information about the compensation of our non-employee directors who served during the year ended December 31, 2024:

Director Option

Fees Awards

Name Year ($)(1) ($)(2) Total ($)

(1) Director fees consist of annual cash fees for service.

During 2024, we paid each of our non-employee directors a quarterly cash fee of $15,000 ($22,500 for Mr. Swirsky). In addition, in December 2023, we granted to each non-employee director stock options to purchase 60,000 shares (90,000 shares for Mr. Swirsky), which were subject to the approval of an amendment to the 2021 Plan at the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders. Mr. Swirsky receives additional cash remuneration and option awards for his service as Chairman of the Board of the Company. We reimbursed directors for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending Board and committee meetings and undertaking certain matters on our behalf. Directors who are our employees do not receive additional fees for their service as directors.

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The aggregate number of option awards outstanding as of December 31, 2024, for each non-employee director was as follows:

Stock

Options

Name Outstanding

Asher Chanan-Khan, M.B.B.S., M.D. 100,600

Clawback Policy

Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in the event of misconduct that results in a financial restatement that would have reduced a previously paid incentive amount, we can recoup those improper payments from our executive officers. The SEC also recently adopted rules which direct national stock exchanges to require listed companies to implement policies intended to recoup bonuses paid to executives if we are found to have misstated its financial results. We have adopted our Executive Compensation Clawback Policy (the “Clawback Policy”) in order to comply with the final clawback rules adopted by the SEC under the Rule, and the listing standards, as set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5608 (the “Final Clawback Rules”).

The Clawback Policy provides for the mandatory recovery of erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation from our current and former executive officers as defined in the Rule (“Covered Officers”) in the event that we are required to prepare an accounting restatement, in accordance with the Final Clawback Rules. The recovery of such compensation applies regardless of whether a Covered Officer engaged in misconduct or otherwise caused or contributed to the requirement of an accounting restatement. Under the Clawback Policy, our board of directors may recoup from the Covered Officers erroneously awarded incentive compensation received within a lookback period of the three completed fiscal years preceding the date on which we are required to prepare an accounting restatement. The foregoing description of the Clawback Policy does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms and conditions of the Clawback Policy, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 97 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Timing of Grants of Options

We do not grant option awards in anticipation of the release of material nonpublic information and we do not time the release of material nonpublic information based on option award grant dates or for the purpose of affecting the value of executive compensation. In addition, we do not take material nonpublic information into account when determining the timing and terms of such awards. In fiscal year 2024, we did not grant option awards to our named executive officers during the time period outlined in Item 402(x) of Regulation S-K

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The information required by this item with respect to the security ownership of certain beneficial owners and the security ownership of management is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.”

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Equity compensation plans

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2024, regarding shares authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans, including individual compensation arrangements.

Equity compensation plan information

Number of shares

Weighted-average remaining available for

Number of shares to exercise price of future issuance under

be issued upon outstanding equity compensation plans

exercise of outstanding options (excluding shares reflected

Plan category options and rights (#) and rights ($) in column (a)) (#)

(a) (b) (c)

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Item 9B. Other Information.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

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CLRB · 10-K · period ended 2024-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Item 9B. Other Information.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

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