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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect our future results. Unless otherwise noted, transactions and other factors significantly impacting our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity are discussed in order of magnitude. Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Refer to Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 3, 2024, for discussion of the results of operations for the year ended February 3, 2024, compared to the year ended January 28, 2023, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Overview

We are driven by our purpose to enrich lives through technology and our vision to personalize and humanize technology solutions for every stage of life. We accomplish this by leveraging our combination of tech expertise and a human touch to meet our customers’ everyday needs, whether they come to us online, visit our stores or invite us into their homes. We have operations in the U.S. and Canada.

We have two reportable segments: Domestic and International. The Domestic segment is comprised of our operations in all states, districts and territories of the U.S. and our Best Buy Health business, and includes the brand names Best Buy, Best Buy Ads, Best Buy Business, Best Buy Essentials, Best Buy Health, Current Health, Geek Squad, Imagine That, Insignia, Lively, My Best Buy, My Best Buy Memberships, Pacific Kitchen and Home, TechLiquidators and Yardbird; and the domain names bestbuy.com, currenthealth.com, lively.com, techliquidators.com and yardbird.com. Our International segment is comprised of all operations in Canada under the brand names Best Buy, Best Buy Express, Best Buy Mobile, Geek Squad and TechLiquidators and the domain names bestbuy.ca and techliquidators.ca.

Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday nearest the end of January. Fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 ended on February 1, 2025, February 3, 2024, and January 28, 2023, respectively. Fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2023 each included 52 weeks. Fiscal 2024 included 53 weeks with the 53rd week occurring in the fiscal fourth quarter. Unless otherwise noted, references to years within the MD&A section of this report relate to fiscal years, not calendar years. Our business, like that of many retailers, is seasonal. A large proportion of our revenue and earnings is generated in the fiscal fourth quarter, which includes the majority of the holiday shopping season.

Comparable Sales

Throughout this MD&A, we refer to comparable sales. Comparable sales is a metric used by management to evaluate the performance of our existing stores, websites and call centers by measuring the change in net sales for a particular period over the comparable prior period of equivalent length. Comparable sales includes revenue from stores, websites and call centers operating for at least 14 full months. Revenue from online sales is included in comparable sales and represents sales initiated on a website or app, regardless of whether customers choose to have product delivered, or pick up product in store, curbside or at an alternative pick-up location. Revenue from acquisitions is included in comparable sales beginning with the first full quarter following the first anniversary of the date of the acquisition. Comparable sales also includes credit card revenue, gift card breakage, commercial sales and sales of merchandise to wholesalers and dealers, as applicable. Revenue from stores closed more than 14 days, including but not limited to relocated, remodeled, expanded and downsized stores, or stores impacted by natural disasters, is excluded from comparable sales until at least 14 full months after reopening. Comparable sales excludes the impact of certain periodic warranty-related profit-share revenue, the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (applicable to our International segment only) and the impact of the 53rd week (applicable in 53-week fiscal years only). Comparable sales is based on our fiscal calendar and is not adjusted to align calendar weeks. All periods presented apply this methodology consistently.

Consistent with our comparable sales policy, revenue from Best Buy Express locations rebranded as a result of our previously announced collaboration with Bell Canada is excluded from our comparable sales calculation until locations have been operating for at least 14 full months.

We believe comparable sales is a meaningful supplemental metric for investors to evaluate revenue performance resulting from growth in existing stores, websites and call centers versus the portion resulting from opening new stores or closing existing stores. The method of calculating comparable sales varies across the retail industry. As a result, our method of calculating comparable sales may not be the same as other retailers’ methods.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, we renamed our non-GAAP financial measures to adjusted financial measures; for example, consolidated non-GAAP operating income has been renamed to consolidated adjusted operating income. The methodology for calculating these measures remains unchanged, and therefore any previously reported non-GAAP financial measures that are renamed to corresponding adjusted financial measures remain unchanged.

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This MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”), as well as certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as consolidated adjusted operating income, consolidated adjusted operating income rate, consolidated adjusted effective tax rate and consolidated adjusted diluted earnings per share (“EPS”). We believe that non-GAAP financial measures, when reviewed in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, provide additional useful information for evaluating current period performance and assessing future performance. For these reasons, internal management reporting, including budgets, forecasts and financial targets used for short-term incentives are based on non-GAAP financial measures. Generally, our non-GAAP financial measures include adjustments for items such as restructuring charges, goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairments, price-fixing settlements, gains and losses on sales of subsidiaries and certain investments, amortization of definite-lived intangible assets associated with acquisitions, certain acquisition-related costs and the tax effect of all such items. In addition, certain other items may be excluded from non-GAAP financial measures when we believe doing so provides greater clarity to management and our investors. We provide reconciliations of the most comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP to presented non-GAAP financial measures that enable investors to understand the adjustments made in arriving at the non-GAAP financial measures and to evaluate performance using the same metrics as management. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not superior to or as a substitute for, GAAP financial measures. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. Non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting their usefulness for comparative purposes.

In our discussions of the operating results of our consolidated business and our International segment, we sometimes refer to the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates or the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which are references to the differences between the foreign currency exchange rates we use to convert the International segment’s operating results from local currencies into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes. We also may use the term “constant currency,” which represents results adjusted to exclude foreign currency impacts. We calculate those impacts as the difference between the current period results translated using the current period currency exchange rates and using the comparable prior period currency exchange rates. We believe the disclosure of revenue changes in constant currency provides useful supplementary information to investors in light of significant fluctuations in currency rates.

Refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section below for detailed reconciliations of items impacting consolidated adjusted operating income, consolidated adjusted effective tax rate and consolidated adjusted diluted EPS in the presented periods.

Business Strategy Update

Our strategy for fiscal 2026 involves three key priorities:

Omni-channel enhancements

Starting with our digital experiences, we intend to improve our search and discover capability to make it easier for our customers to find what they want and need. We will leverage artificial intelligence (“AI”) to launch an innovative new search experience across our websites and apps. We will also leverage AI to enhance personalization, which we believe will drive both customer engagement and sales conversion.

In our physical stores, we expect to prioritize merchandising and store health and appearance updates over large-scale remodels, building on the insights we have gained from testing and changes implemented within our stores in recent years. From a store labor perspective, we will focus on enhancements and optimization, building on the significant operating model changes we have made in recent years that were designed to provide the experience our customers expect in the most efficient way possible.

Investment in new growth initiatives

We are targeting a mid-fiscal 2026 launch for our new Best Buy Marketplace (“Marketplace”) within our Domestic segment, which we believe will complement our existing product assortment with access to a broader range of products offered by Marketplace sellers. We believe this will unlock potential new commission and advertising revenue, without requiring our investment in inventory.

We have recently elevated our focus on Best Buy Ads, our retail media network, and we see fiscal 2026 as a pivotal year. In recent years, Best Buy Ads has primarily served our merchandise vendors. In fiscal 2026, we will continue this evolution and also expect Best Buy Ads to expand into other areas of opportunity. In order to support this growth, we plan to invest in technology capabilities, our Best Buy Ads team and other new third-party partnerships.

Operational efficiency

Our third strategic priority for fiscal 2026 is to continue our longstanding commitment to operational efficiency by identifying cost reductions and other savings to help fund investment capacity for new and existing initiatives and offset financial pressures facing our business.

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Tariffs

We enter fiscal 2026 facing significant uncertainty regarding the scope, timing and magnitude of tariffs we may experience for the products we sell and the consequent financial impact on our business. In conjunction with our vendors, we will seek to mitigate the impact of tariffs on our business and our customers. For more information regarding the potential impacts of tariffs on our business, refer to Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Results of Operations

Consolidated Results

In fiscal 2025, we continued to manage our profitability through strong execution despite revenue declines. As we entered the year, we were operating in an uneven environment and expected there would be industry pressure. Our strategy was to focus on sharpening our customer experiences and industry positioning while optimizing our operating income rate.

Selected consolidated financial data was as follows ($ in millions, except per share amounts):

(1)

Revenue % change (4.4) % (6.1) % (10.6) %

Comparable sales % change (2.3) % (6.8) % (9.9) %

Gross profit as a % of revenue(1) 22.6 % 22.1 % 21.4 %

Restructuring charges $ (3) $ 153 $ 147

Goodwill impairment $ 475 $ - $ -

Operating income as a % of revenue 3.0 % 3.6 % 3.9 %

(1)Because retailers vary in how they record costs of operating their supply chain between cost of sales and SG&A, our gross profit rate and SG&A rate may not be comparable to other retailers' corresponding rates. For additional information regarding costs classified in cost of sales and SG&A, refer to Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In fiscal 2025, we generated $41.5 billion in revenue, compared to $43.5 billion in fiscal 2024 that included approximately $735 million in revenue from the 53rd week. Our comparable sales declined 2.3% in fiscal 2025, as we continued to operate in a challenged consumer electronics industry and experienced softer consumer demand. While our comparable sales declined in fiscal 2025 in categories such as appliances, home theater and gaming, we grew comparable sales in our computing, tablet and services categories.

Restructuring charges in fiscal 2025 were primarily comprised of adjustments to employee termination benefits related to previously planned organizational changes and higher-than-expected employee retention associated with an enterprise-wide initiative that commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024. Refer to Note 2, Restructuring, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

The goodwill impairment in fiscal 2025 was related to our Best Buy Health reporting unit. The impairment primarily arose from downward revisions of our revenue growth rates and margin rates compared to projections used in prior years. Refer to Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Operating income rate decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to the goodwill impairment and unfavorable SG&A rate, partially offset by favorability in the gross profit rate and lower restructuring charges.

Diluted EPS decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to lower operating income.

Revenue, gross profit rate, SG&A and operating income rate changes in fiscal 2025 were primarily driven by our Domestic segment. For further discussion of our Domestic and International segments, see Segment Performance Summary, below.

Store Summary

Stores open by segment were as follows:

Best Buy Outlet Centers 25 22 19

Canada Best Buy Mobile stand-alone stores 31 32 33

We continuously monitor store performance as part of a market-driven, omnichannel strategy. As we approach the expiration of leases, we evaluate various options for each location, including whether a store should remain open. In fiscal 2026, we currently expect to reduce our Domestic segment Best Buy store count by approximately 5 to 10 stores.

In fiscal 2024, we announced our collaboration with Bell Canada to rebrand 167 of its stores to Best Buy Express. These stores, previously part of The Source, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bell Canada, are leased by Bell Canada and therefore excluded from our store count. Under the arrangement, we provide the curated consumer electronics assortment and Geek Squad services, as well as supply chain, marketing and e-commerce support. Bell Canada is the exclusive telecommunications services provider and is also responsible for the store operations. By the end of fiscal 2025, all of the 167 stores have been rebranded.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense decreased to $372 million in fiscal 2025 compared to $381 million in fiscal 2024, primarily due to the impact of decreased pre-tax earnings, partially offset by the impact of certain expenses that are not tax deductible. Our effective tax rate increased to 28.7% in fiscal 2025 compared to 23.5% in fiscal 2024, primarily due to the impacts of certain expenses that are not tax deductible and lower pre-tax earnings, partially offset by increased tax benefits from green energy incentives.

Segment Performance Summary

Domestic Segment

Selected financial data for the Domestic segment was as follows ($ in millions):

Revenue % change (4.6) % (6.3) % (10.5) %

Comparable sales % change(1) (2.5) % (7.1) % (10.3) %

Gross profit as a % of revenue 22.6 % 22.1 % 21.3 %

Adjusted SG&A as a % of revenue(3) 18.3 % 17.9 % 16.9 %

Adjusted operating income as a % of revenue(4) 4.3 % 4.2 % 4.3 %

Selected Online Revenue Data

Online revenue as a % of total segment revenue 34.0 % 32.7 % 33.2 %

Comparable online sales % change(1) (0.8) % (7.8) % (13.5) %

(1)Comparable online sales are included in the comparable sales calculation.

(2)Represents Domestic segment Adjusted SG&A and Domestic segment Adjusted operating income as reported in accordance with the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note13, Segment and Geographic Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

(3)Adjusted SG&A as a % of revenue is calculated as Domestic segment Adjusted SG&A divided by Domestic segment Revenue.

(4)Adjusted operating income as a % of revenue is calculated as Domestic segment Adjusted operating income divided by Domestic segment Revenue.

Domestic segment revenue decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily driven by comparable sales declines in appliances and home theater and by the extra week of revenue totaling approximately $675 million in fiscal 2024. These decreases were partially offset by comparable sales growth in computing. Online revenue of $13.0 billion decreased 0.8% on a comparable basis in fiscal 2025.

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Domestic segment revenue mix percentages and comparable sales percentage changes by revenue category were as follows:

Revenue Mix Summary Comparable Sales Summary

Computing and Mobile Phones 45 % 42 % 3.4 % (7.8) %

Consumer Electronics 29 % 30 % (5.2) % (8.6) %

Entertainment 7 % 7 % (11.9) % 9.7 %

Notable comparable sales changes by revenue category were as follows:

• Computing and Mobile Phones: The 3.4% comparable sales growth was driven primarily by computing and tablets.

• Consumer Electronics: The 5.2% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by home theater.

• Appliances: The 14.8% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by large appliances.

• Entertainment: The 11.9% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by gaming.

• Services: The 8.4% comparable sales growth was driven primarily by growth in our delivery and installation services, as well as our membership programs.

Domestic segment gross profit rate increased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to improved financial performance from our services category, including our membership offerings, partially offset by lower product margin rates and lower profit-sharing revenue from our private label and co-branded credit card arrangement.

Domestic segment adjusted SG&A decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to lower employee compensation expense, which was primarily store payroll, the impact of the 53rd week in fiscal 2024 and reduced vehicle rental costs. These decreases were partially offset by higher advertising and technology expense.

Domestic segment adjusted operating income rate increased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to a favorable gross profit rate, partially offset by higher advertising and technology spend on lower sales, resulting in an unfavorable SG&A rate.

International Segment

Selected financial data for the International segment was as follows ($ in millions):

Revenue % change (1.9) % (4.3) % (10.9) %

Comparable sales % change (0.5) % (3.2) % (5.4) %

Gross profit as a % of revenue 22.4 % 22.4 % 23.0 %

Adjusted SG&A as a % of revenue(2) 19.1 % 19.1 % 18.2 %

Adjusted operating income as a % of revenue(3) 3.3 % 3.4 % 4.8 %

(1)Represents International segment Adjusted SG&A and International segment Adjusted operating income as reported in accordance with the adoption of ASU 2023-07. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 13, Segment and Geographic Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

(2)Adjusted SG&A as a % of revenue is calculated as International segment Adjusted SG&A divided by International segment Revenue.

(3)Adjusted operating income as a % of revenue is calculated as International segment Adjusted operating income divided by International segment Revenue.

International segment revenue decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily driven by the negative impact of foreign exchange rates and by the extra week of revenue totaling approximately $60 million in fiscal 2024. These decreases were partially offset by increased revenue from Best Buy Express locations.

International segment revenue mix percentages and comparable sales percentage changes by revenue category were as follows:

Revenue Mix Summary Comparable Sales Summary

Computing and Mobile Phones 48 % 46 % 3.4 % (0.9) %

Consumer Electronics 28 % 29 % (3.3) % (9.3) %

Notable comparable sales changes by revenue category were as follows:

• Computing and Mobile Phones: The 3.4% comparable sales growth was driven primarily by mobile phones.

• Consumer Electronics: The 3.3% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by home theater and smart home.

• Appliances: The 0.9% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by large appliances.

• Entertainment: The 13.3% comparable sales decline was driven primarily by gaming.

• Services: The 5.3% comparable sales growth was driven primarily by growth in our warranty services and membership programs.

International segment gross profit rate in fiscal 2025 remained unchanged from fiscal 2024.

International segment adjusted SG&A decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to the favorable impact of foreign exchange rates and the impact of the 53rd week in fiscal 2024, partially offset by expenses associated with new Best Buy Express locations.

International segment adjusted operating income rate in fiscal 2025 remained relatively unchanged from fiscal 2024.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Reconciliations of consolidated operating income, effective tax rate and diluted EPS (GAAP financial measures) to consolidated adjusted operating income, adjusted effective tax rate and adjusted diluted EPS (non-GAAP financial measures), respectively, were as follows ($ in millions, except per share amounts):

Intangible asset amortization(1) 21 61 86

Goodwill impairment(3) 475 - -

Intangible asset amortization(1) (0.6) % 0.1 % 0.1 %

Restructuring charges(2) 0.1 % 0.2 % 0.2 %

Goodwill impairment(3) (4.9) % - % - %

Adjusted effective tax rate 23.3 % 23.8 % 21.0 %

Goodwill impairment(3) 2.19 - -

Gain on sale of subsidiary, net(4) - (0.10) -

Loss on investments 0.03 0.05 -

Income tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments(5) (0.22) (0.24) (0.24)

For additional information regarding the nature of charges discussed below, refer to Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies; Note 2, Restructuring; Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets; and Note 10, Income Taxes, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(1)Represents the non-cash amortization of definite-lived intangible assets associated with acquisitions, including customer relationships, tradenames and developed technology assets.

(2)Represents charges related to employee termination benefits and subsequent adjustments to previously planned organizational changes and higher-than-expected employee retention associated with enterprise-wide restructuring initiatives.

(3)Represents the non-cash goodwill impairment charge related to our Best Buy Health reporting unit.

(4)Represents the gain on sale of a Mexico subsidiary subsequent to our exit from operations in Mexico.

(5)The non-GAAP adjustments primarily relate to the U.S. As such, the income tax on a portion of the U.S. non-GAAP adjustments is calculated using the statutory tax rate of 24.5%. There is no income tax for a portion of the U.S. non-GAAP adjustments, as there is no tax benefit on the expenses in the calculation of GAAP income tax expense.

Adjusted operating income rate increased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to a favorable gross profit rate in our Domestic segment, partially offset by an unfavorable SG&A rate in our Domestic segment.

Adjusted effective tax rate decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to increased tax benefits from green energy incentives.

Adjusted diluted EPS in fiscal 2025 remained unchanged from fiscal 2024, as the decrease in adjusted earnings was offset by lower diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We closely manage our liquidity and capital resources. Our liquidity requirements depend on key variables, including the level of investment required to support our business strategies, the performance of our business, capital expenditures, dividends, credit facilities, short-term borrowing arrangements and working capital management. We modify our approach to managing these variables as changes in our operating environment arise. For example, capital expenditures and share repurchases are a component of our cash flow and capital management strategy, which, to a large extent, we can adjust in response to economic and other changes in our business environment.

Cash and cash equivalents were as follows ($ in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,578 $ 1,447

The increase in cash and cash equivalents in fiscal 2025 was primarily due to positive cash flows from operations, primarily driven by earnings. These increases were partially offset by dividend payments, capital expenditures and share repurchases.

Our cash deposits held at financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with reputable credit. We limit exposure relating to financial instruments by diversifying the financial instruments among various counterparties, which consist primarily of major financial institutions.

Cash Flows

Cash flows were as follows ($ in millions):

Total cash provided by (used in):

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (10) (5) (8)

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities increased in fiscal 2025, primarily driven by the timing and volume of inventory purchases and payments, partially offset by the timing of vendor funding receivables.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities decreased in fiscal 2025, primarily driven by lower capital spending.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities increased in fiscal 2025, primarily driven by higher share repurchases.

Sources of Liquidity

Funds generated by operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents, our credit facilities, other debt arrangements and trade payables are our most significant sources of liquidity. We believe our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund operations and anticipated capital expenditures, share repurchases, dividends and strategic initiatives, including business combinations. However, in the event our liquidity is insufficient, we may be required to limit our spending. There can be no assurance that we will continue to generate cash flows at or above current levels or that we will be able to maintain our ability to borrow under our existing credit facilities or obtain additional financing, if necessary, on favorable terms.

We have a $1.25 billion five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility agreement (the “Five-Year Facility Agreement”) with a syndicate of banks that expires in April 2028. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Five-Year Facility Agreement as of February 1, 2025, or February 3, 2024.

The Five-Year Facility Agreement contains a covenant that requires the company to maintain a maximum quarterly cash flow leverage ratio. The Five-Year Facility Agreement contains customary default provisions, including, but not limited to, failure to pay interest or principal when due and failure to comply with covenants. As of February 1, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants. If an event of default were to occur with respect to any of our other debt, it would likely constitute an event of default under the Five-Year Facility Agreement as well.

Our credit ratings and outlook as of March 17, 2025, remained unchanged from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 3, 2024, and are summarized below.

Rating Agency Rating Outlook

Standard & Poor's BBB+ Stable

Moody's A3 Stable

Credit rating agencies review their ratings periodically, and, therefore, the credit rating assigned to us by each agency may be subject to revision at any time. Factors that can affect our credit ratings include, but are not limited to, changes in our operating performance; the economic environment, regulatory and political environment; conditions in the retail and consumer electronics industries; our competitive standing within the industries we operate; our financial position; and changes in our business strategy. If changes in our credit ratings were to occur, they could impact, among other things, interest costs for certain of our credit facilities, our future borrowing costs, access to capital markets, vendor financing terms and future new-store leasing costs.

Restricted Cash

Our liquidity is also affected by restricted cash balances that are primarily restricted to cover product protection plans provided under our membership offerings and self-insurance liabilities. Restricted cash, which is included in Other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $290 million and $346 million as of February 1, 2025, and February 3, 2024, respectively. The decrease in restricted cash was primarily due to releases of product protection reserves based on claims and purchasing behaviors of customers participating in our membership offerings.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures were as follows ($ in millions):

E-commerce and information technology $ 438 $ 496 $ 540

(1)Store-related projects are primarily comprised of store remodels and various merchandising projects.

We currently expect capital expenditures in fiscal 2026 of $700 million to $750 million.

Debt and Capital

As of February 1, 2025, we had $500 million of principal amount of notes due October 1, 2028 (“2028 Notes”) and $650 million of principal amount of notes due October 1, 2030 (“2030 Notes”). Refer to Note 7, Debt, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information about our outstanding debt.

Share Repurchases and Dividends

We repurchase our common stock and pay dividends pursuant to programs approved by our Board of Directors (“Board”). The payment of cash dividends is also subject to customary legal and contractual restrictions. Our long-term capital allocation strategy is to first fund operations and investments in growth and then return excess cash over time to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases while maintaining investment-grade credit metrics. Our share repurchase plans are evaluated on an ongoing basis, considering factors such as our financial condition and cash flows, our economic outlook, the impact of tax laws, our liquidity needs, and the health and stability of global credit markets. The timing and amount of future repurchases may vary depending on such factors.

On February 28, 2022, our Board approved a $5.0 billion share repurchase program. There is no expiration date governing the period over which we can repurchase shares under this authorization.

Share repurchase and dividend activity were as follows ($ and shares in millions, except per share amounts):

Total cost of shares repurchased $ 500 $ 340 $ 1,001

Total number of shares repurchased 5.8 4.7 11.8

Regular quarterly cash dividends per share $ 3.76 $ 3.68 $ 3.52

Cash dividends declared and paid $ 807 $ 801 $ 789

The total cost of shares repurchased increased in fiscal 2025 from increases in the volume of repurchases and the average price per share.

Cash dividends declared and paid increased in fiscal 2025, primarily due to an increase in the regular quarterly cash dividend per share, partially offset by fewer shares outstanding. On March 4, 2025, we announced the Board’s approval of a 1% increase in the regular quarterly cash dividend to $0.95 per share.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

We do not have outstanding off-balance-sheet arrangements. Contractual obligations as of February 1, 2025, were as follows ($ in millions):

Payments Due by Period

For additional information regarding the nature of contractual obligations discussed below, refer to Note 5, Derivative Instruments; Note 6, Leases; Note 7, Debt; and Note 12, Contingencies and Commitments, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(1)Purchase obligations primarily include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable, are legally binding and specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. Purchase obligations do not include agreements that are cancelable without penalty. Additionally, although they do not contain legally binding purchase commitments, we include open purchase orders in the table above. Substantially all open purchase orders are fulfilled within 30 days.

(2)Operating lease obligations exclude payments to landlords covering real estate taxes and common area maintenance. These charges, if included, would increase total operating lease obligations by $0.7 billion as of February 1, 2025. Operating lease obligations also exclude $19 million of legally binding fixed costs for leases signed but not yet commenced.

(3)Long-term debt obligations represent principal amounts only and exclude interest rate swap valuation adjustments.

(4)Interest payments related to our 2028 Notes and 2030 Notes include the variable interest rate payments included in our interest rate swaps.

Additionally, we have $1.25 billion in undrawn capacity on our Five-Year Facility Agreement as of February 1, 2025, which, if drawn upon, would be included in either short-term or long-term debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make assumptions and estimates about future events and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors believed to be relevant at the time our consolidated financial statements are prepared. Because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We have not made any material changes to our accounting policies or methodologies during the past three fiscal years. We believe that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These estimates require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments and generally incorporate significant uncertainty.

Vendor Allowances

Description

We receive funds from our merchandise vendors through a variety of programs and arrangements, primarily in the form of purchases-based or sales-based volumes and for product advertising and placement. We recognize vendor allowances based on purchases and sales as a reduction of cost of sales when the associated inventory is sold. Vendor allowances for advertising and placement are recognized as a reduction of cost of sales ratably over the corresponding performance period. Funds that are determined to be a reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to sell a vendor's products are recorded as an offset to the related expense within SG&A when incurred.

Judgments and uncertainties involved in the estimate

Due to the quantity and diverse nature of our vendor agreements, estimates are made to determine the amount of funding to be recognized in earnings or deferred as an offset to inventory. These estimates require a detailed analysis of complex factors, including proper classification of the type of funding received and the methodology to estimate the portion of purchases-based funding that should be recognized in cost of sales in each period, which considers factors such as inventory-turn by product category and actual sell-through of inventory.

Effect if actual results differ from assumptions

A 10% change in our vendor funding deferral as of February 1, 2025, would have affected net earnings by approximately $45 million in fiscal 2025. The level of vendor funding deferral has remained relatively stable over the last three fiscal years.

Goodwill

Description

Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually in the fiscal fourth quarter or whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. The impairment test involves a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. Fair value reflects our estimate of the price a potential market participant would be willing to pay for the reporting unit in an arms-length transaction.

We have goodwill in two reporting units – Best Buy Domestic (comprising our core U.S. Best Buy business) and Best Buy Health – with carrying values of $492 million and $416 million, respectively, as of February 1, 2025.

Judgments and uncertainties involved in the estimate

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires complex analysis and judgment. We use a combination of discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis and market data, such as revenue multiples and quoted market prices, for observable comparable companies. DCF analysis requires detailed forecasts of cash flow drivers, such as revenue growth rates, margin rates and capital investments, and estimates of weighted-average cost of capital rates. These estimates incorporate many uncertain factors, such as the effectiveness of our strategy, changes in customer behavior, technological changes, competitor actions, regulatory changes and macroeconomic trends.

Effects if actual results differ from assumptions

For our Best Buy Domestic reporting unit, fair value is primarily derived from market data and exceeded carrying value by a substantial margin in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023. Barring a fundamental, material deterioration of macroeconomic factors, we believe the risk of future goodwill impairment within our Best Buy Domestic reporting unit is remote.

In fiscal 2025, we recorded a goodwill impairment of $475 million for the Best Buy Health reporting unit. The impairment was identified during the fourth quarter as a result of our annual impairment review. This coincides with our annual review of performance against financial and strategic goals, and the annual update of our budget and long-range financial projections. Fair value for the Best Buy Health reporting unit is estimated primarily based on DCF analysis. The impairment primarily arose from downward revisions of our revenue growth rates and margin rates compared to projections used in prior years, as the market has not scaled as we originally forecasted.

Our Best Buy Health reporting unit is subject to a greater level of uncertainty compared to our Best Buy Domestic reporting unit, since it operates in a more uncertain environment. Factors that drive this uncertainty include macro-economic conditions, the regulatory environment, government funding programs, competitor actions, technology changes and other trends in the health and care sectors. Changes in any of these factors could lead to further lowering our expectations, which could result in further goodwill impairment.

Inventory Markdown

Description

We value our inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value through the establishment of inventory markdown adjustments. Markdown adjustments reflect the excess of cost over the net recovery we expect to realize from the ultimate sale or other disposal of inventory and establish a new cost basis. No adjustment is recorded for inventory that we expect to return to our vendors for full credit.

Judgments and uncertainties involved in the estimate

Markdown adjustments involve uncertainty because the calculations require management to make assumptions and to apply judgment about the expected revenue and incremental costs we will generate for selling current inventory. Such estimates include the evaluation of historical recovery rates, as well as factors such as product type and condition, forecasted consumer demand, product lifecycles, promotional environment, regulatory actions, vendor return rights and the expected sales channel of ultimate disposition. We also apply judgment in the assumptions about other components of net realizable value, such as vendor allowances and selling costs.

Effect if actual results differ from assumptions

A 10% change in our markdown adjustment as of February 1, 2025, would have affected net earnings by approximately $11 million in fiscal 2025. The level of markdown adjustments has remained relatively stable over the last three fiscal years.

Tax Contingencies

Description

Our income tax returns are routinely examined by domestic and foreign tax authorities. Taxing authorities audit our tax filing positions, including the timing and amount of income and deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. At any one time, multiple tax years are subject to audit by the various taxing authorities. In evaluating the exposures associated with our various tax filing positions, we may record a liability for such exposures. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have established a liability, is audited and fully resolved or clarified. We adjust our liability for unrecognized tax benefits and income tax provisions in the period in which an uncertain tax position is effectively settled, the statute of limitations expires for the relevant taxing authority to examine the tax position or when more information becomes available. Our effective income tax rate is also affected by changes in tax law, the tax jurisdiction of new stores or business ventures, the level of earnings and the results of tax audits.

Judgments and uncertainties involved in the estimate

Our liability for unrecognized tax benefits contains uncertainties because management is required to make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the exposures associated with our various tax filing positions. Such assumptions can include complex and uncertain external factors, such as changes in tax law, interpretations of tax law and the timing of such changes, and uncertain internal factors such as taxable earnings by jurisdiction, the magnitude and timing of certain transactions and capital spending.

Effect if actual results differ from assumptions

To the extent we prevail in matters for which a liability has been established or are required to pay amounts in excess of our established liability, our effective income tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement generally would require use of our cash and may result in an increase in our effective income tax rate in the period of resolution. A favorable tax settlement may reduce our effective income tax rate in the period of resolution.

Service Revenue

Description

We sell membership plans that include access to benefits such as technical support, price discounts on certain products and services and product protection plans. We allocate the transaction price to all performance obligations identified in the contract based on their relative fair value. For performance obligations provided over the term of the contract, we typically recognize revenue on a usage basis, an input method of measuring progress over the related contract term. This method involves the estimation of expected usage patterns, primarily derived from historical information.

Judgments and uncertainties involved in the estimate

Estimates involve complex calculations and judgment, for example, in estimating the relative standalone selling price for bundled performance obligations; the appropriate recognition methodology for each performance obligation; and, for those based on usage, the expected pattern of consumption across a large portfolio of customers. When insufficient reliable and relevant history is available to estimate usage, we generally recognize revenue ratably over the life of the contract until such history has accumulated.

Effect if actual results differ from assumptions

A 10% change in the amount of services membership deferred revenue as of February 1, 2025, would have affected net earnings by approximately $43 million in fiscal 2025. The level of services membership deferred revenue has remained relatively stable over the last three fiscal years.

New Accounting Pronouncements

For a description of applicable new accounting pronouncements, including our assessment of the impact on our financial statements, see Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

In addition to the risks inherent in our operations, we are exposed to certain market risks.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to changes in short-term market interest rates and these changes in rates will impact our net interest expense. Our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash generate interest income that will vary based on changes in short-term interest rates. In addition, we have swapped a portion of our fixed-rate debt to floating rate such that the interest expense on this debt will vary with short-term interest rates. Refer to Note 5, Derivative Instruments, and Note 7, Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding our interest rate swaps.

As of February 1, 2025, we had $1.9 billion of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and $0.5 billion of debt that has been swapped to floating rate, and therefore the net asset balance exposed to interest rate changes was $1.4 billion. As of February 1, 2025, a 50-basis point increase in short-term interest rates would have led to an estimated $7 million increase in net interest income, and conversely a 50-basis point decrease in short-term interest rates would have led to an estimated $7 million decrease in net interest income.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We have market risk arising from changes in foreign currency exchange rates related to operations in our International segment. On a limited basis, we utilize foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exposure to certain forecasted inventory purchases, recognized receivable and payable balances and our investment in our Canadian operations. Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of net earnings and cash flows, as well as net asset value associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our foreign currency risk management strategy includes both hedging instruments and derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. Refer to Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 5, Derivative Instruments, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding these instruments.

During fiscal 2025, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations were primarily driven by the strength of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar compared to the prior-year period. We estimate that the foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations had an unfavorable impact on our revenue of approximately $85 million. The estimated impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our net earnings in fiscal 2025 was not significant.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Management's Report on the Consolidated Financial Statements

Our management is responsible for the preparation, integrity and objectivity of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the related financial information. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP and necessarily include certain amounts that are based on estimates and informed judgments. Our management also prepared the related financial information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is responsible for its accuracy and consistency with the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, which conducted its audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). The independent registered public accounting firm's responsibility is to express an opinion as to whether such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in accordance with GAAP.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed under the supervision of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and effected by our Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1)pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and the dispositions of our assets;

(2)provide reasonable assurance that our transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and Board; and

(3)provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2025, using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessment, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of February 1, 2025. During our assessment, we did not identify any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited our consolidated financial statements for the year ended February 1, 2025, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an unqualified attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2025.

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of

Best Buy Co., Inc.

Richfield, Minnesota.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Best Buy Co., Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of February 1, 2025, and February 3, 2024, the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity for each of the three years in the period ended February 1, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of February 1, 2025, and February 3, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended February 1, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 19, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Vendor Allowances – Domestic Reporting Segment — Refer to Note 1 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company receives vendor allowances from certain merchandise vendors through a variety of programs intended to offset the invoice cost of inventory and for promoting and selling merchandise inventory. Allowances based on purchases are initially deferred and recorded as a reduction of merchandise inventory and are recognized as a reduction to cost of sales when the associated inventory is sold. Allowances based on sales volumes are based on merchandise sold and are calculated using an agreed upon amount for each unit sold and recognized as a reduction to cost of sales when the associated inventory is sold. Other promotional allowances not specifically related to volume of purchases or sales, such as advertising and placement, are recognized as a reduction to cost of sales ratably over the corresponding performance period.

Given the significance of vendor allowances recorded by the Domestic Reporting Segment to the financial statements and the volume and diversity of individual vendor agreements, auditing these vendor allowances was complex and subjective due to the extent of effort required to evaluate whether these vendor allowances were recorded in accordance with the terms of the vendor agreements and that these allowances deferred as an offset to inventory were complete and accurate.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to evaluating whether these vendor allowances were recorded in accordance with the terms of the vendor agreements and the completeness and accuracy of deferred vendor allowances included the following, among others:

We tested the effectiveness of controls over the recording of these vendor allowances, including management's controls over the establishment of vendor arrangements, the calculation of vendor allowances earned, and the determination of the deferred vendor allowances recorded as a reduction to inventory.

We selected a sample of these vendor allowances recorded as a reduction of cost of sales and (1) recalculated the amount recognized using the terms of the vendor agreement; (2) evaluated, based on the terms of the agreement, if the amount should be deferred and recorded as a reduction of merchandise inventory; and (3) tested the settlement of the arrangement.

We tested the amount of these deferred vendor allowances recorded as a reduction to inventory by developing an expectation for the amount and comparing our expectation to the amount recorded by management.

Goodwill – Best Buy Health Reporting Unit — Refer to Note 1 and Note 3 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. The goodwill balance was $908 million as of February 1, 2025, of which $416 million was related to the Best Buy Health reporting unit. The Company primarily uses a discounted cash flow analysis to estimate the fair value of the Best Buy Health reporting unit. The discounted cash flow analysis requires management to make subjective estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of cash flows, such as revenue growth rates and margin rates, and estimates of the weighted average cost of capital rate. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on either the fair value, the amount of any goodwill impairment charge, or both. The Company recorded a goodwill impairment of $475 million related to the Best Buy Health reporting unit in the year ended February 1, 2025.

Given the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair value of the Best Buy Health reporting unit, performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to the forecasts of cash flows, such as revenue growth rates and margin rates, and estimates of the weighted average cost of capital rate, required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the forecasts of cash flows, such as revenue growth rates and margin rates, and estimates of the weighted average cost of capital rate used by management to estimate the fair value of the Best Buy Health reporting unit included the following, among others:

We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the Best Buy Health reporting unit, such as controls related to management’s forecasts of future revenue and margin rates, and estimates of the weighted average cost of capital rate.

We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues and margin rates by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.

We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s revenue forecasts and margin rates by comparing the forecasts to: (1) the Company’s historical revenue growth rates; (2) internal communications to management and the board of directors; (3) underlying source documents, when available, such as customer contracts; (4) forecasted information included in industry reports, applicable market data, and certain peer companies; and (5) underlying analyses detailing business strategies and growth plans.

We inquired of operating and sales management teams to determine whether the judgments and assumptions used in the future revenue projections were consistent with the strategy and long-range plans for the Best Buy Health reporting unit.

With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the weighted average cost of capital rate by: (1) testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculations; and (2) developing a range based upon our independent estimate and comparing the rate selected by management to that range.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

March 19, 2025

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of

Best Buy Co., Inc.

Richfield, Minnesota.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Best Buy Co., Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of February 1, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended February 1, 2025, of the Company and our report dated March 19, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

March 19, 2025

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Consolidated Balance Sheets

$ in millions, except per share amounts

Assets

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,578 $ 1,447

Property and equipment

Property under finance leases 88 97

Less accumulated depreciation 4,930 4,816

Liabilities and equity

Current liabilities

Unredeemed gift card liabilities 253 253

Accrued compensation and related expenses 464 486

Current portion of operating lease liabilities 617 618

Current portion of long-term debt 10 13

Long-term operating lease liabilities 2,282 2,199

Contingencies and commitments (Note 12)

Equity

Best Buy Co., Inc. Shareholders' Equity

Additional paid-in capital - 31

Accumulated other comprehensive income 300 317

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Earnings

$ and shares in millions, except per share amounts

Selling, general and administrative expenses 7,651 7,876 7,970

Goodwill impairment 475 - -

Other income (expense):

Gain on sale of subsidiary, net - 21 -

Investment income and other 84 78 28

Interest expense (51) (52) (35)

Equity in income of affiliates 4 1 1

Diluted earnings per share $ 4.28 $ 5.68 $ 6.29

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

$ in millions

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax (17) (5) (7)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

$ in millions

Operating activities

Goodwill impairment 475 - -

Gain on sale of subsidiary, net - (21) -

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Total cash provided by operating activities 2,098 1,470 1,824

Investing activities

Additions to property and equipment (706) (795) (930)

Purchases of investments (26) (9) (46)

Net proceeds from sale of subsidiary - 14 -

Sales of investments 20 7 7

Other, net 8 2 7

Total cash used in investing activities (704) (781) (962)

Financing activities

Issuance of common stock 17 19 16

Repayments of debt (17) (19) (19)

Other, net (2) (3) -

Total cash used in financing activities (1,309) (1,144) (1,806)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (10) (5) (8)

Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 75 (460) (952)

Supplemental cash flow information

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

$ and shares in millions, except per share amounts

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax - - - - (7) (7)

Stock-based compensation - - 138 - - 138

Issuance of common stock 2.5 - 16 - - 16

Common stock dividends, $3.52 per share - - 14 (804) - (790)

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax - - - - (5) (5)

Stock-based compensation - - 145 - - 145

Issuance of common stock 2.0 - 19 - - 19

Common stock dividends, $3.68 per share - - 14 (816) - (802)

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax - - - - (17) (17)

Stock-based compensation - - 139 - - 139

Issuance of common stock 1.8 - 17 - - 17

Common stock dividends, $3.76 per share - - 17 (824) - (807)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Best Buy,” “we,” “us”, “our” and the “company” in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements refer to Best Buy Co., Inc. and, as applicable, its consolidated subsidiaries.

Description of Business

In fiscal 2024, we completed the sale of a Mexico subsidiary subsequent to our exit from operations in Mexico and recognized a $21 million gain within Gain on sale of subsidiary, net on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Best Buy Co., Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements, as well as the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Future results could be materially affected if actual results were to differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Fiscal Year

Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday nearest the end of January. Fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 ended on February 1, 2025, February 3, 2024, and January 28, 2023, respectively. Fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2023 each included 52 weeks. Fiscal 2024 included 53 weeks with the 53rd week occurring in the fiscal fourth quarter. Unless otherwise noted, references to years in these notes to consolidated financial statements relate to fiscal years, not calendar years.

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). ASU 2023-07 enhances reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through expanded disclosures around significant segment expenses. The amendments were applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in these financial statements. See Note 13,Segment and Geographic Information, for the applicable new disclosures.

Unadopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of specific categories meeting a quantitative threshold within the income tax rate reconciliation, as well as disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. This ASU, which can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively, is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the ASU and expect to include updated income tax disclosures in our fiscal 2026 Form 10-K.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disclosure of specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. We are currently evaluating the impact of the ASU and expect to include updated expense disclosures in our fiscal 2028 Form 10-K.

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Segment Information

Our business is organized into two reportable segments: Domestic (which is comprised of all states, districts and territories of the U.S. and our Best Buy Health business) and International (which is comprised of all operations in Canada). Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is our Chief Executive Officer. Our segments are primarily based on geographical area and reflect the way in which internally reported financial information is regularly reviewed by the CODM, who has ultimate responsibility for enterprise decisions, including determining resource allocation for, and monitoring the performance of, the consolidated enterprise, the Domestic segment and the International segment.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets are reconciled to the total shown on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as follows ($ in millions):

Restricted cash included in Other current assets 290 346 379

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 1,868 $ 1,793 $ 2,253

Cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Amounts included in restricted cash are primarily restricted to cover product protection plans provided under our membership offerings and self-insurance liabilities.

Receivables

Receivables consist primarily of amounts due from banks for vendors for various vendor funding programs, customer credit card and debit card transactions, and mobile phone network operators for device sales and commissions. Receivables are stated at their carrying values, net of a reserve for expected credit losses, which is primarily based on historical collection trends. Our allowances for uncollectible receivables were $26 million and $32 million as of February 1, 2025, and February 3, 2024, respectively. We had $48 million and $43 million of write-offs in fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024, respectively.

Merchandise Inventories

Merchandise inventories are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The weighted-average method is used to determine the cost of inventory which includes costs of in-bound freight to move inventory into our distribution centers. Also included as a reduction to the cost of inventory are certain vendor allowances. Costs associated with storing and transporting merchandise inventories to our retail stores are expensed as incurred and included within Cost of sales on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Our inventory valuation also reflects markdown adjustments for the excess of cost over the net recovery we expect to realize from the ultimate sale or other disposal of inventory and establish a new cost basis. No adjustment is recorded for inventory that we expect to return to our vendors for full credit. Subsequent changes in facts or circumstances do not result in the reversal of previously recorded markdown adjustments or an increase in the newly established cost basis.

Our inventory valuation reflects adjustments for physical inventory losses (resulting from, for example, theft). Physical inventory is maintained through a combination of full location counts and more regular cycle counts.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is initially recorded at cost. We depreciate property and equipment to its residual value using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the period from the date the assets are placed in service to the end of the lease term, which includes optional renewal periods if they are reasonably certain. Accelerated depreciation methods are generally used for income tax purposes.

When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from our Consolidated Balance Sheets and any resulting gain or loss is reflected on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Major renewals or replacements that substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized at cost and depreciated over its remaining useful life.

Estimated useful lives by major asset category are as follows (in years):

Asset Category Useful Life

Leasehold improvements 5-10

Fixtures and equipment 2-15

Capitalized software is included in Fixtures and equipment on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Costs associated with the acquisition or development of software for internal use are capitalized at cost and amortized over the expected useful life of the software, generally from two years to five years. A subsequent addition, modification or upgrade to internal-use software is capitalized to the extent that it enhances the software's functionality. Software maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. The costs of developing software for sale to customers are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility is established, which generally leads to expensing substantially all costs.

Costs associated with implementing cloud-computing arrangements that are service contracts are capitalized using methodology similar to internal-use software, but are included in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. When evaluating long-lived assets with impairment indicators for potential impairment, we first compare the carrying value of the asset to its estimated undiscounted future cash flows. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying value of the asset, we calculate an impairment loss. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value, which is typically based on estimated discounted future cash flows. We recognize an impairment loss if the amount of the asset’s carrying value exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value.

We evaluate locations for triggering events on a quarterly basis. For store locations, our primary indicator that asset carrying values may not be recoverable is negative store operating income for the most recent 12-month period. We also monitor other factors when evaluating store locations for impairment, including significant changes in the manner of use or expected life of the assets, or significant changes in our business strategies.

When reviewing long-lived assets for impairment, we group long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. For example, long-lived assets deployed at store locations are reviewed for impairment at either the individual store level or at the local market level. Such reviews involve comparing the net carrying value of all assets to the net cash flow projections for each store or market. In addition, we conduct separate impairment reviews at other levels as appropriate, for example, to evaluate the potential impairment of assets shared by several areas of operations, such as information technology systems.

Leases

The majority of our lease obligations are real estate operating leases used in our retail and distribution operations. Our finance leases are primarily equipment-related. For any lease with an initial term in excess of 12 months, the related lease assets and liabilities are recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as either operating or finance leases at the inception of an agreement where it is determined that a lease exists. We have lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components. We have elected to account for these lease agreements with both lease and non-lease components as a single component for all classes of assets.Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Operating lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future payments over the lease term at the commencement date. We estimate the incremental borrowing rate for each lease based on an evaluation of our credit ratings and the prevailing market rates for collateralized debt in a similar economic environment with similar payment terms and maturity dates commensurate with the terms of the lease. Our operating leases also typically require payment of real estate taxes, common area maintenance and insurance. These components comprise the majority of our variable lease cost and are excluded from the present value of our lease obligations. In instances where they are fixed, they are included due to our election to combine lease and non-lease components. Operating lease assets also include prepaid lease payments and initial direct costs and are reduced by lease incentives. We generally do not include options to extend or terminate a lease unless it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Fixed payments may contain predetermined fixed rent escalations. We recognize the related rent expense on a straight-line basis from the commencement date to the end of the lease term.

Refer to Note 6, Leases, for additional information.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. We test goodwill for impairment annually in the fiscal fourth quarter or whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. We monitor the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. We test for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level. Reporting units are determined by identifying operating segments (or components thereof) that constitute businesses for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by segment management. We have goodwill in two reporting units – Best Buy Domestic and Best Buy Health – with carrying values of $492 million and $416 million, respectively, as of February 1, 2025, and carrying values of $492 million and $891 million, respectively, as of February 3, 2024. In fiscal 2025, we recorded a goodwill impairment related to our Best Buy Health reporting unit.

Our impairment testing involves a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. Fair value reflects our estimate of the price a potential market participant would be willing to pay for the reporting unit in an arms-length transaction. We use a combination of discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis and market data, such as revenue multiples and quoted market prices, for observable comparable companies. DCF analysis requires detailed forecasts of cash flow drivers, such as revenue growth rates, margin rates and capital investments, and estimates of weighted-average cost of capital rates. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, we conclude that no goodwill impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we recognize an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

Intangible Assets

Our valuation of identifiable intangible assets acquired is based on information and assumptions available to us at the time of acquisition, using income and market approaches to determine fair value, as appropriate.

We amortize definite-lived intangible assets associated with acquisitions over the estimated useful lives of the assets. We review these assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We monitor the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year and recognize an impairment loss for any portion of the carrying value that is not recoverable. The goodwill impairment recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 related to our Best Buy Health reporting unit was a triggering event to evaluate Best Buy Health intangible assets for impairment. No intangible asset impairments were identified.

We do not amortize indefinite-lived intangible assets, but test for impairment annually in the fiscal fourth quarter or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We utilize the relief from royalty method to determine the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible asset. If the carrying value exceeds its fair value, we recognize an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess.

Refer to Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for additional information.

Derivatives

Net Investment Hedges

We use foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against the effect of Canadian dollar exchange rate fluctuations on a portion of our net investment in our Canadian operations. The contracts have terms of up to 12 months. For a net investment hedge, we recognize changes in the fair value of the derivative as a component of foreign currency translation within other comprehensive income to offset a portion of the change in translated value of the net investment being hedged, until the investment is sold or liquidated. We limit recognition in net earnings of amounts previously recorded in other comprehensive income to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operation. We report the gains and losses, if any, related to the amount excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Net cash flows related to our net investment hedges are presented within Investing activities on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Fair Value Hedges

We utilize “receive fixed-rate, pay variable-rate” interest rate swaps to mitigate the effect of interest rate risk on our $500 million principal amount of notes due October 1, 2028 (“2028 Notes”). Our interest rate swap contracts are considered perfect hedges because the critical terms and notional amounts match those of our fixed-rate debt being hedged and are, therefore, accounted for as fair value hedges using the shortcut method. Under the shortcut method, we recognize the change in the fair value of the derivatives with an offsetting change to the carrying value of the debt. Accordingly, there is no net impact on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings from the fair value of the derivatives. Net cash flows related to our fair value hedges are presented within Operating activities on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

We use foreign currency forward contracts to manage the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relative to recognized receivable and payable balances denominated in non-functional currencies. The contracts generally have terms of up to 12 months. These derivative instruments are not designated in hedging relationships and, therefore, we record gains and losses on these contracts directly to our Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Net cash flows related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are presented within Operating activities on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Refer to Note 5, Derivative Instruments, for additional information.

Fair Value

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, we use a three-tier valuation hierarchy based upon observable and non-observable inputs:

Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Significant other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly, including:

• Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

• Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets;

• Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and

• Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by other observable market data.

Level 3 — Significant unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. In instances where the inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the fair value measurement has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular item to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, including the consideration of inputs specific to the asset or liability.

Fair value measurements are based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Fixed asset fair values are primarily derived using a DCF analysis to estimate the present value of net cash flows that the asset or asset group was expected to generate. The key inputs to the DCF analysis generally include our forecasts of net cash generated from investment operations, as well as an appropriate discount rate.

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis relate primarily to our tangible fixed assets, goodwill and intangible assets, which are remeasured when the derived fair value is below carrying value on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. For these assets, we do not periodically adjust carrying value to fair value, except in the event of impairment. When we determine that impairment has occurred, the carrying value of the asset is reduced to fair value and the difference is typically recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) or Restructuring charges on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings for non-restructuring and restructuring charges, respectively. In fiscal 2025, we recorded a goodwill impairment related to our Best Buy Health reporting unit within Goodwill impairment on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Refer to Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, and Note 4, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information.

Insurance

We are self-insured for certain losses related to workers’ compensation, medical, general liability and auto claims; however, we obtain third-party excess insurance coverage to limit our exposure to certain claims. Some of these self-insured losses are managed through a wholly-owned insurance captive. Liabilities associated with these losses include estimates of both claims filed and losses incurred but not yet reported. We utilize valuations provided by qualified, independent third-party actuaries as well as internal resources with insurance and risk expertise. Our net self-insured liabilities included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows ($ in millions):

Accrued compensation and related expenses $ 23 $ 41

Accrued liabilities 65 70

Long-term liabilities 69 57

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.

In determining our provision for income taxes, we use an annual effective income tax rate based on annual income, permanent differences between book and tax income and statutory income tax rates. The effective income tax rate also reflects our assessment of the ultimate outcome of tax audits. We adjust our annual effective income tax rate as additional information on outcomes or events becomes available. Discrete events, such as audit settlements or changes in tax laws, are recognized in the period in which they occur.

Our income tax returns are routinely examined by domestic and foreign tax authorities. At any one time, multiple tax years are subject to audit by the various taxing authorities. In evaluating the exposures associated with our various tax filing positions, we may record a liability for such exposures. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have established a liability, is audited and fully resolved or clarified. We adjust our liability for unrecognized tax benefits and income tax provisions in the period in which an uncertain tax position is effectively settled, the statute of limitations expires for the relevant taxing authority to examine the tax position or when more information becomes available. We include our liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued penalties and interest, in Long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and in Income tax expense on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Refer to Note 10, Income Taxes, for additional information.

Supply Chain Financing

We have a supply chain financing program with an independent financial institution, whereby some of our suppliers have the opportunity to receive accounts payable settlements early, at a discount, facilitated by the financial institution. Under this program, the financial institution agrees to terms with our suppliers, including amounts that are eligible for early payment, the timing of such payments and the discounts. The financial institution then pays the supplier based on the payment terms agreed to. Suppliers’ participation in this program is at their own option. The financial institution can vary discounts offered at their own discretion. Our rights and obligations to our suppliers – which are typically formalized in standardized agreements – are not affected by the existence of the program.

Our liability associated with the funded participation in the program, which is primarily included in Accounts payable on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, was as follows ($ in millions):

Supply chain financing liability at beginning of period $ 426

Invoices confirmed during the year 4,048

Confirmed invoices paid during the year (4,076)

Supply chain financing liability at end of period $ 398

Accrued Liabilities

The major components of accrued liabilities are sales tax liabilities, advertising accruals, insurance liabilities, sales return reserves and customer deposits.

Long-Term Liabilities

The major components of long-term liabilities are deferred revenue from our private label and co-branded credit card arrangement and unrecognized tax benefits.

Foreign Currency

Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at our Consolidated Balance Sheet dates. Results of operations and cash flows are translated using the average exchange rates throughout the periods. The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of assets and liabilities is included as a component of shareholders' equity in Accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions, which are included in SG&A on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings, have not been significant in any period presented.

Revenue Recognition

We generate substantially all of our revenue from contracts with customers from the sale of products and services, both as a principal and as an agent. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Our revenue excludes sales and usage-based taxes collected and is reported net of sales refunds, which includes an estimate of future returns and contract cancellations based on historical refund rates, with a corresponding reduction to cost of sales. We defer the revenue associated with any unsatisfied performance obligation until the obligation is satisfied, typically when control of a product is transferred to the customer or a service is completed.

Product Revenue

Product revenue is recognized when the customer takes physical control, either in our stores or at their home. Any fees charged to customers for delivery are recognized when delivery has been completed. We use delivery information to determine when to recognize revenue for delivered products and any related delivery fee revenue.

In most cases, we are the principal to product contracts as we have control of the physical products prior to transfer to the customer. Accordingly, revenue is recognized on a gross basis.

For certain sales, primarily activation-based software licenses and third-party stored-value cards, we are the sales agent providing access to the content and recognize commission revenue net of amounts due to third parties who fulfill the performance obligation. For these transactions, commission revenue is typically recorded once customers have taken possession of licenses or cards and can access their benefits.

Warranty obligations associated with the sale of our exclusive brands products are assurance-type warranties that are a guarantee of the product’s intended functionality and, therefore, do not represent a distinct performance obligation within the context of the contract.

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Services - When we are the principal

We recognize revenue for services, such as delivery, installation, set-up, software troubleshooting, product repair and data services once the service is completed, as this is when the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain the benefits of the service or serviced product. Payment terms are typically at the point of sale, but may also occur upon completion of the service. Our service contracts are primarily with retail customers, merchandise vendors (for factory warranty repairs) and extended warranty underwriters.

For technical support membership contracts (for example, our My Best Buy PlusTM or My Best Buy TotalTM memberships), we are responsible for providing support services to customers. These contracts have terms ranging from one month to one year and typically contain several performance obligations. Payment for the membership contracts is typically due at the start of the contract period. We have determined that our contracts do not include a significant financing component. For performance obligations provided over the term of the contract, we typically recognize revenue on a usage basis, an input method of measuring progress over the related contract term. This method involves the estimation of expected usage patterns, primarily derived from historical information, as this depicts when customers use the services and, accordingly, when delivery of the performance obligation occurs. There is judgment in, for example, estimating the relative standalone selling price for bundled performance obligations; the appropriate recognition methodology for each performance obligation; and, for those based on usage, the expected pattern of consumption across a large portfolio of customers. When insufficient reliable and relevant history is available to estimate usage, we generally recognize revenue ratably over the life of the contract until such history has accumulated.

Services - When we are the agent

On behalf of third-party underwriters, we sell various hardware protection plans to customers that provide extended warranty coverage on their device purchases. Such plans have terms ranging from one month to five years. Payment is due at the point of sale. Third-party underwriters assume the risk associated with the coverage and are primarily responsible for fulfillment. We record the net commissions (the amount charged to the customer less the premiums remitted to the underwriter) as revenue once the corresponding product revenue is recognized. In addition, in some cases we are eligible to receive profit-sharing payments, a form of variable consideration, which are dependent upon the financial performance of the underwriter’s protection plan portfolio. We do not share in any losses of the portfolio. We record any profit share as revenue once the uncertainty associated with the portfolio period, which is calendar-year based, is no longer constrained using the expected value method. This typically occurs during our fiscal fourth quarter, with payment of the profit share occurring in the subsequent fiscal year. Net commissions and profit-sharing revenue earned from the sale of extended warranties represented 0.9%, 0.8% and 0.9% of revenue in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, respectively.

We earn commissions from mobile network carriers to sell service contracts on their platforms. Revenue is recognized upon sale of the contract and activation of the customer on the provider’s platform. The time between when we activate the service with the customer and when we receive payment from the content provider is generally 30 to 60 days, which is after control has passed. Activation commissions are subject to repayment to the carrier primarily in the event of customer cancellation for specified time periods after the sale. Commission revenue from mobile network carriers is reported net of expected cancellations, which we estimate based on historical cancellation rates.

Credit Card Revenue

We offer promotional financing and credit cards issued by third-party banks that manage and directly extend credit to our customers. Approximately 25% of Domestic segment revenue in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 was transacted using one of our branded cards. We provide a license to our brand and marketing services, and we facilitate credit applications in our stores and online. The banks are the sole owners of the accounts receivable generated under the program and, accordingly, we do not hold any customer receivables related to these programs and act as an agent in the financing transactions with customers. We are eligible to receive a profit share from certain of our banking partners based on the annual performance of their corresponding portfolio. We receive profit-share payments quarterly based on forecasts of full-year performance shortly after the end of each program quarter. This is a form of variable consideration. We record such profit share as revenue over time using the most likely amount method, which reflects the amount earned each quarter when it is determined that the likelihood of a significant revenue reversal is not probable, which is typically quarterly. Profit-sharing revenue from our credit card arrangement approximated 1.1%, 1.4% and 1.4% of Domestic segment revenue in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, respectively.

Best Buy Gift Cards

We sell Best Buy gift cards to our customers in our retail stores, online and through select third parties. Our gift cards do not expire. We recognize revenue from gift cards when the card is redeemed by the customer. We also recognize revenue for the portion of gift card values that is not expected to be redeemed (“breakage”). We estimate breakage based on historical patterns and other factors, such as laws and regulations applicable to each jurisdiction. We recognize breakage revenue using a method that is consistent with customer redemption patterns. Typically, over 90% of gift card redemptions (and therefore recognition of over 90% of gift card breakage revenue) occur within one year of issuance. There is judgment in assessing the level at which we group gift cards for analysis of breakage rates, redemption patterns and the ultimate value of gift cards which we do not expect to be redeemed.

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Sales Incentives

We frequently offer sales incentives that entitle our customers to receive a gift card at the time of purchase or an instant savings coupon that can be redeemed towards a future purchase. For sales incentives issued to customers that are only earned in conjunction with the purchase of products or services, the sales incentives represent an option that is a material right and, accordingly, is a performance obligation in the contract. The revenue allocated to these sales incentives is deferred as a contract liability and is based on the cards that are projected to be redeemed. We recognize revenue for this performance obligation when it is redeemed by the customer or when it is not expected to be redeemed. There is judgment in determining the level at which we group incentives based on similar redemption patterns, future redemption patterns and the ultimate number of incentives that we do not expect to be redeemed.

We also issue coupons that are not earned in conjunction with a purchase of a product or service, typically as part of targeted marketing activities. This is not a performance obligation, but is recognized as a reduction of the transaction price when redeemed by the customer.

Customer Loyalty Programs

We have customer loyalty programs which allow members to earn points when using our private label and co-branded credit cards. Points earned enable members to receive a certificate that may be redeemed on future purchases. Certificate expirations are typically two months from the date of issuance. Our loyalty programs represent customer options that provide a material right and, accordingly, are performance obligations for each applicable contract. The relative standalone selling price of points earned by our loyalty program members is deferred and included in Deferred revenue on our Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the percentage of points that are projected to be redeemed. We recognize revenue for this performance obligation over time when a certificate is redeemed by the customer. There is inherent judgment in estimating the value of our customer loyalty programs as they are susceptible to factors outside of our influence, particularly customer redemption activity. However, we have significant experience in estimating the amount and timing of redemptions of certificates, based primarily on historical data.

Refer to Note 9, Revenue, and Note 13, Segment and Geographic Information, for additional information.

Cost of Sales and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Types of costs classified in each major expense category are as follows:

Cost of Sales

Cost of products sold, including:

Cash discounts on payments to merchandise vendors

Customer shipping and handling expenses

Markdowns

Physical inventory losses

Cost of services provided, including:

Cost of replacement parts and related freight expenses

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Advertising costs

Charitable contributions

Depreciation and amortization related to retail, services and corporate assets

Long-lived asset impairment charges

Occupancy and maintenance costs of retail, services and corporate facilities

Other administrative costs, such as supplies, travel and lodging

Outside and outsourced service fees

Vendor Allowances

We receive funds from our merchandise vendors through a variety of programs and arrangements, primarily in the form of purchases-based or sales-based volumes and for product advertising and placement. We recognize vendor allowances based on purchases and sales as a reduction of cost of sales when the associated inventory is sold. Vendor allowances for advertising and placement are recognized as a reduction of cost of sales ratably over the corresponding performance period. Funds that are determined to be a reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to sell vendors’ products are recorded as an offset to the related expense within SG&A on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings when incurred.

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Advertising Costs

Advertising costs, which are included in SG&A on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings, primarily consist of digital advertisements. Digital advertising costs are generally expensed as incurred, which is typically when customers either view or click through a digital ad. Other advertising costs are expensed the first time the advertisement runs, or as broadcast costs are incurred. Advertising costs were $846 million, $794 million and $864 million in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

We recognize stock-based compensation expense for the fair value of our stock-based compensation awards, which is determined based on the closing market price of our stock at the date of grant for time-based share awards and Monte-Carlo simulation for market-based share awards. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period in which services are required. Forfeitures are expensed as incurred or upon termination. Refer to Note 8, Shareholders’ Equity, for additional information.

Earnings per Share

We compute our basic earnings per share based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, and our diluted earnings per share based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding adjusted by the number of additional shares that would have been outstanding had the potentially dilutive common shares been issued as calculated using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive securities include stock options and non-vested share awards. Non-vested market-based share awards and non-vested performance-based share awards, to the extent they exist, are included in the average diluted shares outstanding each period if established market or performance criteria have been met at the end of the respective periods. Refer to Note 8, Shareholders’ Equity, for additional information.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is computed as net earnings plus or minus certain other items that are recorded directly to shareholders’ equity.

2. Restructuring

Restructuring charges were as follows ($ in millions):

Fiscal 2024 Restructuring Initiative $ 3 $ 171 $ -

Fiscal 2023 Resource Optimization Initiative (6) (18) 145

Mexico Exit and Strategic Realignment - - 2

Fiscal 2024 Restructuring Initiative

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, we commenced an enterprise-wide restructuring initiative intended to accomplish the following: (1) align field labor resources with where customers want to shop to optimize the customer experience; (2) redirect corporate resources for better alignment with our strategy; and (3) right-size resources to better align with our revenue outlook for fiscal 2025. We do not expect to incur material future restructuring charges related to this initiative.

All charges incurred related to this initiative were comprised of employee termination benefits from continuing operations and were presented within Restructuring charges on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings as follows ($ in millions):

International - 8 8

Restructuring accrual activity related to this initiative was as follows ($ in millions):

Domestic International Total

Balances as of January 28, 2023 $ - $ - $ -

Cash payments (86) (3) (89)

(1)Represents adjustments to previously planned organizational changes and higher-than-expected employee retention.

Fiscal 2023 Resource Optimization Initiative

During the second quarter of fiscal 2023, we commenced an enterprise-wide initiative to better align our spending with critical strategies and operations, as well as to optimize our cost structure. We do not expect to incur material future restructuring charges related to this initiative.

International - (2) 5 3

Restructuring accrual activity related to this initiative was as follows ($ in millions):

Domestic International Total

Cash payments (70) (3) (73)

(1)Represents adjustments primarily related to higher-than-expected employee retention from previously planned organizational changes.

No material restructuring accrual activity occurred in fiscal 2025 related to this initiative, and no material liability remains as of February 1, 2025.

3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill balances by segment were as follows ($ in millions):

In fiscal 2025, we recorded a goodwill impairment of $475 million within the Domestic segment for the Best Buy Health reporting unit. The impairment was identified during the fourth quarter as a result of our annual impairment review. This coincides with our annual review of performance against financial and strategic goals, and the annual update of our budget and long-range financial projections. Fair value for the Best Buy Health reporting unit is estimated primarily based on DCF analysis. The impairment primarily arose from downward revisions of our revenue growth rates and margin rates compared to projections used in prior years, as the market has not scaled as we originally forecasted.

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

BBY US Equity

BBY · 10-K · period ended 2025-02-01

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

BBY US Equity☆

BBY · 10-K · period ended 2025-02-01

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

BBY US Equity