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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Astronics Corporation, through its subsidiaries, is a leading supplier of advanced technologies and products to the global aerospace and defense industries. Our products and services include advanced, high-performance electrical power generation and distribution systems, seat motion solutions, lighting and safety systems, avionics products, aircraft structures, systems certification, and automated test systems.

We have two reportable segments, Aerospace and Test Systems. Our Aerospace segment has principal operating facilities in the United States, Canada and France. Our Test Systems segment has principal operating facilities in the United States and the United Kingdom. We have engineering offices in Ukraine and India.

Our Aerospace segment designs and manufactures products for the global aerospace industry. Product lines include lighting and safety systems, electrical power generation, distribution and seat motion systems, aircraft structures, avionics products, systems certification, and other products. Our primary Aerospace customers are the airframe manufacturers (“OEM”) that build aircraft for the commercial transport, military and general aviation markets, suppliers to those OEMs, aircraft operators such as airlines, suppliers to the aircraft operators, and branches of the U.S. Department of Defense (“USDOD”). Our Test Systems segment designs, develops, manufactures and maintains automated test systems that support the aerospace and defense and mass transit industries as well as training and simulation devices for both commercial and military applications. In the Test Systems segment, Astronics’ products are sold to a global customer base including OEMs and prime government contractors for both electronics and military products.

Our strategy is to increase our value by developing technologies and capabilities, either internally or through acquisition, and using those capabilities to provide innovative solutions to our targeted markets where our technology can be beneficial.

Important factors affecting our growth and profitability are the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the timing and extent of recovery (as discussed more fully below), supply chain and labor market pressures, the rate at which new aircraft are produced, government funding of military programs, our ability to have our products designed into new aircraft and the rates at which aircraft owners, including commercial airlines, refurbish or install upgrades to their aircraft. New aircraft build rates and aircraft owners spending on upgrades and refurbishments is cyclical and dependent on the strength of the global economy. Once one of our products is designed into a new aircraft, the spare parts business is also frequently retained by the Company. Future growth and profitability of the Test Systems business is dependent on developing and procuring new and follow-on business. The nature of our Test Systems business is such that it pursues large, often multi-year, projects. There can be significant periods of time between orders in this business which may result in large fluctuations of sales and profit levels and backlog from period to period. Test Systems segment customers include the USDOD, prime contractors to the USDOD, mass transit operators and prime contractors to mass transit operators.

Each of the markets that we serve presents opportunities that we expect will provide growth for the Company over the long-term. We continue to look for opportunities in all of our markets to capitalize on our core competencies to expand our existing business and to grow through strategic acquisitions.

Challenges which continue to face us include the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its continued impact on the aerospace industry, supply chain pressures including material availability and cost increases, labor availability and cost, inflationary pressures, and improving shareholder value through increasing profitability. Increasing profitability is dependent on many things, primarily sales growth, both acquired and organic, and the Company’s ability to pass cost increases along to customers and control operating expenses and to identify means of creating improved productivity. Sales are driven by increased build rates for existing aircraft, market acceptance and economic success of new aircraft and our products, continued government funding of defense programs, the Company’s ability to obtain production contracts for parts we currently supply or have been selected to design and develop for new aircraft platforms and continually identifying and winning new business for our Test Systems segment.

Reduced aircraft build rates driven by a weak economy, aircraft groundings, tight credit markets, reduced air passenger travel and an increasing supply of used aircraft on the market would likely result in reduced demand for our products, which will result in lower profits. Reduction of defense spending may result in fewer opportunities for us to compete, which could result in lower profits in the future. Many of our newer development programs are based on new and unproven technology and at the

same time we are challenged to develop the technology on a schedule that is consistent with specific programs. Delays in delivery schedules and incremental costs resulting from supply chain pressures can also result in lower profits. We will continue to address these challenges by working to improve operating efficiencies and focusing on executing on the growth opportunities currently in front of us.

Our ABL Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility each subject us to various financial and other affirmative and negative covenants with which we must comply on an ongoing or periodic basis. These include financial covenants pertaining to minimum trailing four quarter EBITDA requirements, minimum liquidity requirements and minimum fixed charge coverage ratio requirements, and excess cash flow repayment provisions. An unexpected decline in our revenues or operating income, including occurring as a result of events beyond our control, could cause us to violate our financial covenants. During 2023, given the ongoing challenges faced in our business as described herein, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its continued impact on the aerospace industry, and based upon our 2023 Outlook as described herein, our ability to satisfy the already tight financial covenants in our ABL Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility is expected to be challenging and is an item that our management team will be closely monitoring throughout the year. while the company expects to remain in compliance with the required financial covenants for the duration of the agreements, any unexpected negative impacts to our business, including as a result of additional supply chain pressures, the timing of customer orders and our ability to delivery schedules, or labor availability and cost pressures, could result in lower revenues and reduced financial profits, and, as a result thereof, our inability to satisfy the financial covenants in our ABL Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility during 2023.

See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, for an additional discussion of risks associated with our potential inability to satisfy the financial and restrictive covenants set forth in the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility.

In September 2021, the Company entered into an agreement with the U.S. Department of Transportation (“USDOT”) under the Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program (“AMJP”) for a grant of up to $14.7 million. The Company received $7.4 million under the grant in 2021, $5.2 million in the first quarter of 2022 and $2.1 million in the third quarter of 2022. The grant benefit was recognized over the six-month performance period as a reduction to cost of products sold in proportion to the compensation expense that the award is intended to defray. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $6.0 million and $8.7 million of the award, respectively.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant impact on our sales and net income for fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020. The pandemic adversely impacted customer demand for all market channels, with commercial transport (both OEM and aftermarket channels) being the most adversely impacted due to the pandemic's impact on air travel worldwide. As a result, the Company executed restructuring activities in the form of workforce reduction to better align capacity with expected demand. Restructuring charges in severance expense totaling $0.6 million, associated primarily with the Aerospace segment, were recorded in the year ended December 31, 2021, compared with $4.9 million recorded in the year ended December 31, 2020.

We are also monitoring the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related export controls and financial and economic sanctions imposed on certain industry sectors, including the aviation sector, and parties in Russia by the U.S., the U.K., the European Union and others. Although the conflict has not resulted in a direct material adverse impact on our business to date, the implications of the Russia and Ukraine conflict in the short-term and long-term are difficult to predict at this time. Factors such as increased energy costs, the availability of certain raw materials for aircraft manufacturers, embargoes on flights from Russian airlines, sanctions on Russian companies, and the stability of Ukrainian customers could impact the global economy and aviation sector.

DIVESTITURES

On February 13, 2019, the Company completed a divestiture of its semiconductor test business within the Test Systems segment. The total proceeds of the divestiture included two elements of contingent purchase consideration (“earnout”). In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company agreed to an earnout payment of $10.7 million for the calendar 2020 earnout, which was recorded in 2021 as a separate line item below operating loss and was received by the Company in early January 2022. In March 2022, the Company agreed with the earnout calculation for the calendar 2021 earnout in the amount of $11.3 million. The Company recorded the gain and received the payment in the first quarter of 2022. In February 2023, the Company was notified by the buyer that they have calculated $3.4 million as being payable for the calendar 2022 earnout. The Company is in the process of reviewing the calculation and expects to record the additional gain on sale, and receive the payment, in the first quarter of 2023. We are not eligible for any further earnout payments related to this divestiture. See further information in Note 21 in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.

On October 6, 2021, the Company sold one of its Aerospace buildings for $9.2 million. Net cash proceeds were approximately $8.8 million and a gain on sale of approximately $5.0 million was recorded. The operation has been integrated into another facility.

MARKETS

Commercial Transport Market

The commercial transport market is our largest end market with sales driven by new aircraft production and aftermarket airline retrofit programs. In the commercial transport market, while many of our key long-term fundamentals remain intact, we continue to see near-term market pressure due to effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and certain supply chain challenges. Despite increases in sales in 2022 compared to the prior year, we expect 2023 will remain challenging for our commercial transport products with improvement expected to continue throughout 2023 driven by the planned increased production rate of the 737 MAX and an expectation of improved activity with our airline customers. Aircraft build rates are expected to improve modestly during 2023 from current levels as production of the 737 MAX and A-320 picks up, and the aftermarket is expected to strengthen over the course of the year as aircraft utilization and load factors increase. On the other hand, wide-body production rates and usage are expected to remain depressed throughout 2023 and possibly for several years due to low international travel demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, though we are seeing signs of recovery in the widebody/long-haul market.

Sales to the commercial transport market include sales of lighting and safety systems, electrical power and seat motion systems, aircraft structures, avionics products and systems certification. Sales to this market totaled approximately $314.6 million or 58.8% of our consolidated sales in 2022. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse impact on air travel worldwide, the commercial aerospace industry has been significantly disrupted, but has shown continued improvement during 2022.

Maintaining and growing sales to the commercial transport market will depend not only on market recovery from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also on airlines’ capital spending budgets for cabin upgrades as well as the purchase of new aircraft by global airlines. This spending by the airlines is impacted by their profits, cash flow and available financing as well as competitive pressures between the airlines to improve the travel experience for their passengers. We expect that new aircraft will be equipped with more passenger and aircraft connectivity and in-seat power than previous generation aircraft which drives demand for our avionics and power products. This market has historically experienced strong growth from airlines installing in-seat passenger power systems on their existing and newly delivered aircraft. Our ability to maintain and grow sales to this market depends on our ability to maintain our technological advantages over our competitors and maintain our relationships with major in-flight entertainment suppliers and global airlines.

Military Aerospace Market

Sales to the military aerospace market include sales of lighting and safety products, avionics products, electrical power and seat motion products and structures products. Sales to this market totaled approximately 10.2% of our consolidated sales and amounted to $54.5 million in 2022.

The military market is dependent on governmental funding which can change from year to year. Risks are that overall spending may be reduced in the future, specific programs may be eliminated or that we fail to win new business through the competitive bid process. Astronics does not have significant reliance on any one program such that cancellation of a particular program will cause material financial loss. We believe that we will continue to have opportunities similar to past years with respect to this market.

General Aviation Market

The general aviation market has also been impacted by the pandemic with new aircraft build rates significantly lower than pre-pandemic levels. Most of our sales in this market are line-fit products driven by aircraft build rates although there are some aftermarket sales as well. We expect improvement in 2023 as build rates are expected to increase.

Sales to the general aviation market include sales of lighting and safety products, avionics products, and electrical power and seat motion products. Sales to this market totaled approximately 11.9% of our consolidated sales in 2022 and amounted to $63.4 million.

Sales to the general aviation market are driven by our ship set content on new aircraft and build rates of new aircraft. General aviation OEM build rates are impacted by global wealth creation and corporate profitability. We continue to see opportunities on new aircraft currently in the design phase to employ our lighting and safety, electrical power and avionics technologies in this market. There is risk involved in the development of products for any new aircraft including the risk that the aircraft will not ultimately be produced or that it will be produced in lower quantities than originally expected and thus impacting our return on our engineering and development efforts.

Test Systems Products

Sales by our Test Systems segment accounted for approximately 13.8% of our consolidated sales in 2022 and amounted to $73.7 million. This segment designs, develops, manufactures and maintains automated test systems that support the aerospace and defense, communications and mass transit industries as well as training and simulation devices for both commercial and military applications. Sales to the aerospace and defense market were $49.3 million in 2022. Sales to the mass transit market were $13.5 million and sales to other markets were $10.9 million in 2022.

Sales to the military market are subject to fluctuations resulting from changes in governmental spending, elimination of certain programs, or failure to win new business through the competitive bid process. Consistent with the Aerospace segment, the Test Systems segment does not significantly rely on any one program such that cancellation of a particular program will cause material financial loss, and we believe that we will continue to have opportunities similar to past years regarding this market.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are affected by management’s application of accounting policies, which are discussed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1 in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report. The critical accounting policies have been reviewed with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.

Revenue Recognition

Astronics recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a promised good or service to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for the good or service. Our performance obligations are satisfied and control is transferred either at a point-in-time or over-time. The majority of our revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when control is transferred, which is generally evidenced by the shipment or delivery of the product to the customer, a transfer of title, a transfer of the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and customer acceptance. For certain contracts under which we produce products with no alternative use and for which we have an enforceable right to recover costs incurred plus a reasonable profit margin for work completed to date and for certain other contracts under which we create or enhance a customer-owned asset while performing repair and overhaul services, control is transferred to the customer overtime. The Company recognizes revenue using an over time recognition model for these types of contracts.

We utilize the cost-to-cost method as a measure of progress for performance obligations that are satisfied over time as we believe this input method best represents the transfer of control to the customer. Under the cost-to-cost method, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the proportion of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. These projections require management to make numerous assumptions and estimates relating to items such as the complexity of design and related development costs, performance of subcontractors, availability and cost of materials, labor productivity and cost, overhead, capital costs, and manufacturing efficiency. We review our cost estimates on a periodic basis, or when circumstances change and warrant a modification to a previous estimate. Cost estimates are largely based on negotiated or estimated purchase contract terms, historical performance trends and other economic projections.

See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report for a further description of revenue recognition under ASC 606.

Reviews for Impairment of Goodwill

Our goodwill is the result of the excess of purchase price over net assets acquired from acquisitions. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had approximately $58.2 million and $58.3 million of goodwill, respectively.

We identify our reporting units by assessing whether the components of our operating segments constitute businesses for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews the operating results of those components. The Test Systems operating segment is its own reporting unit while the other reporting units are one level below our Aerospace operating segment.

The Company tests goodwill at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.

We use the discounted cash flow method to estimate the fair value of each of our reporting units. The discounted cash flow method incorporates various assumptions, the most significant being projected sales growth rates, operating profit margins and

cash flows, the terminal growth rate and the discount rate. Management projects sales growth rates, operating margins and cash flows based on each reporting unit’s current business, expected developments and operational strategies. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and the impairment loss is recorded for the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill.

The Company’s four reporting units remaining with goodwill as of the first day of our fourth quarter were subject to the annual goodwill impairment test. Based on our quantitative assessments of our reporting units, we concluded that goodwill was not impaired in 2022 or 2021.

As a result of the qualitative factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic that surfaced during the first quarter of 2020, we performed interim quantitative assessments for the eight reporting units which had goodwill as of March 28, 2020, and an additional quantitative assessment for our PECO reporting unit as of June 27, 2020 driven by reductions from previously forecasted aircraft build rates. Based on our quantitative assessments, the Company recorded goodwill impairment charges associated with four Aerospace reporting units, totaling $86.3 million in the December 31, 2020 Consolidated Statements of Operations. No additional goodwill impairment charges were incurred as a result of the annual goodwill impairment test in 2020.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, PERFORMANCE AND OUTLOOK

(In thousands, except percentages, employees and per share data) 2022 2021

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:

SG&A Expenses as a Percentage of Sales 19.0 % 22.3 %

Net Gain on Sale of Facility $ — $ 5,014

Operating Margin (5.6) % (6.4) %

Other Expense, Net of Other Income $ 1,611 $ 2,159

Effective Tax Rate (20.0) % 5.1 %

Net Loss Margin (6.7) % (5.7) %

Diluted Loss Per Share $ (1.11) $ (0.82)

Weighted Average Shares Outstanding – Diluted 32,164 31,061

OTHER YEAR-END DATA:

A discussion by segment can be found at “Segment Results of Operations and Outlook” in this MD&A.

CONSOLIDATED OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS

2022 Compared With 2021

Consolidated sales were up $90.0 million to $534.9 million compared to the prior year. Aerospace sales were up $96.0 million. Test System sales decreased $6.0 million. The increase in sales validates both the recovery we are seeing in our commercial aerospace market as well as the progress being made with our supply chain. Although challenges remain, our supply chain continues to improve, which is necessary for us to meet our goals for the year.

Consolidated cost of products sold were up $83.8 million to $463.4 million in 2022 from $379.5 million in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher volume as the global aerospace industry continues its recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic coupled with increased costs associated with material and labor inflation. The current year period benefited from $6.0 million recognized as an offset to cost of products sold related to the AMJP award, compared to a benefit from the grant of $8.7 million in the prior year. Research and development expenses increased $5.0 million due to higher innovation spend. Margins remained under pressure in the quarter because of inflation and supply chain workarounds. We are passing on increased costs

where we can although it will take time to roll through sales. We are expecting improvement in pricing as well as reduction in certain input costs as we advance through 2023.

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $101.6 million compared with $99.1 million for the prior year period primarily due to increased wages and benefits. The current-year period reflects $3.1 million related to the settlement of a litigation claim, a customer accommodation dispute, and a lease termination settlement. The prior-year period also benefited from a $2.2 million non-cash reduction of the fair value of a contingent consideration liability. During the prior year period, the Company also recorded an $8.4 million reserve related to its ongoing patent litigation dispute.

The Company recorded gains of $11.3 million and $10.7 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, as additional gain on the sale of the Company’s former semiconductor business resulting from the contingent earnout payments for the 2021 and 2020 calendar year. In February 2023, the Company was notified by the buyer that they have calculated $3.4 million as being payable for the calendar 2022 earnout. The Company is in the process of reviewing the calculation and expects to record the additional gain on the sale, and receive the payment, in the first quarter of 2023. We are not eligible for any further earnout payments related to this divested business.

Consolidated net loss was $35.7 million, or $(1.11) per diluted share, compared with net loss of $25.6 million, or $(0.82) per diluted share in the prior year.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rates for 2022 and 2021 were (20.0)% and 5.1%, respectively. In the past, research and development costs were deducted as incurred. However, beginning with the 2022 tax year, these costs are required to be capitalized for tax purposes and amortized over 5 years. While this would typically result in the creation of an associated deferred tax asset, due to our cumulative three-year pre-tax loss, a valuation allowance was applied against the deferred tax asset. In addition to state income taxes, the following items had the most significant impact on the difference between our statutory U.S. federal income tax rate (21% in 2022 and 2021) and our effective tax rate:

2022:

•Recognition of approximately $13.2 million of valuation allowance against federal deferred tax assets. See Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report for additional information.

•Recognition of approximately $2.6 million of 2022 U.S. R&D tax credits.

2021:

•Recognition of approximately $6.8 million of valuation allowance against federal deferred tax assets. See Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report for additional information.

•Recognition of approximately $2.6 million of 2021 U.S. R&D tax credits which were offset by the federal valuation allowance recognized during the year.

2021 Compared With 2020

For a comparison of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, see Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 4, 2022.

COVID-19 Impacts on Our Business

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted businesses on a global scale, led to significant volatility in financial markets and affected the aviation and industrial industries. The impacts of the pandemic have placed labor and supply chain pressures on our business and we have been impacted by customer demand variability. Although we saw stable and growing backlog throughout 2022 in our aerospace business, disruptions are ongoing and continue to adversely challenge our commercial transport market. While we remain bullish about the aerospace business, we believe the recovery to pre-pandemic activity, particularly in the widebody market, will take longer than originally anticipated at the outset of the pandemic. As economic activity continues to recover, we

will continue to monitor the situation, assessing further possible implications on our operations, supply chain, liquidity, cash flow and customer orders.

See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, for an additional discussion of risk related to supply chain disruptions.

2023 Outlook

Bookings in 2022 of $690.6 million demonstrates continued strong demand for our products and further substantiates our expectations for another 20% increase in sales in 2023. We are forecasting revenue of $640 million to $680 million for 2023. The midpoint of this range would represent growth of 23% for the year, slightly higher than the 20% growth achieved in 2022. We are encouraged by our fourth quarter revenue performance, our record backlog, and continued strong demand which is beginning to benefit from a recovery in the widebody/long-haul market. The first quarter is expected to be our lightest with revenue in the range of $140 million to $150 million. We expect subsequent quarterly revenue to be in the range of $160 million to $185 million, increasing throughout the year.

Our ability to meet forecast for 2023 will depend on the cooperation of our supply chain, which we perceive is slowly improving. Challenges certainly remain, but our supply base is getting more predictable and the ratio of positive surprises relative to negative surprises is improving. We have record backlog going into 2023, and believe our supply chain will support our expected revenue range.

At December 31, 2022, our consolidated backlog was $571.4 million. At December 31, 2021, our backlog was $415.7 million. Backlog in the Aerospace segment was $477.7 million at December 31, 2022, of which $402.4 million is expected to be recognized as revenue in 2023. Backlog in the Test Systems segment was $93.7 million at December 31, 2022. The Test Systems segment expects to recognize $49.0 million of backlog as revenue in 2023.

Cash taxes related to 2022 are expected to be in the range of $6 million to $8 million. Cash taxes related to the 2023 calendar year activity are expected to be in the range of $12 million to $14 million.

Capital equipment spending in 2023 is expected to be in the range of $17 million to $20 million, up from $7.7 million in 2022, due to investments in customer programs.

SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND OUTLOOK

Operating loss, as presented below, is sales less cost of products sold and other operating expenses, excluding interest expense, other corporate expenses and other non-operating sales and expenses. Cost of products sold and other operating expenses are directly identifiable to the respective segment. Operating loss is reconciled to loss before income taxes in Note 20 of Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.

We do not have material off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material future effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

AEROSPACE SEGMENT

(In thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021

Operating Margin (0.4) % (2.4) %

2022 Compared With 2021

Aerospace segment sales increased $96.0 million, or 26.3%, to $461.2 million. Commercial transport sales increased 55.7%, or $112.6 million, and drove the improvement. Sales to this market were $314.6 million compared with $202.0 million in 2021. Improving domestic airline travel is driving higher fleet utilization, higher airline spending and increased narrowbody production rates which are driving demand for Astronics’ products.

General Aviation sales increased $6.7 million, or 11.9%, to $63.4 million due in part to higher demand in the business jet market for antenna systems. The Company expects strong demand in the business jet industry to drive higher OEM production rates in the near future, resulting in further increases in demand for its products.

Military aerospace sales decreased $15.8 million, or 22.4%, to $54.5 million. The prior-year period benefited from incremental non-recurring engineering revenue associated with development programs and higher sales of lighting and safety and avionics products.

Other revenue decreased $7.6 million to $28.7 million driven by decreased contract manufacturing programs.

Electrical Power & Motion sales increased $45.7 million compared with the prior-year period. Additionally, Avionics sales increased by $32.3 million and Lighting & Safety sales increased by $20.6 million.

Aerospace segment operating loss was $1.9 million compared with operating loss of $8.6 million last year. Lower operating loss was driven by higher volume primarily in the commercial transport market and $5.2 million higher research and development expenses, but was partially offset by increased material and labor costs. Operating loss in the current year included $6.0 million offset to cost of products sold from the Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection (“AMJP”) Program grant and $2.6 million of expense related to settlements of a litigation claim and a customer accommodation claim. The prior year period included $8.7 million of AMJP benefit and a $5.0 million gain on the sale of a facility. During the prior year period, the Company also recorded an $8.4 million reserve related to its ongoing patent litigation dispute.

2021 Compared With 2020

For a comparison of Aerospace segment results for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, see Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 4, 2022.

2023 Outlook for Aerospace

Aerospace bookings in 2022 were $604.2 million, for a book-to-bill ratio of 1.31:1. The Aerospace segment’s backlog at December 31, 2022 was $477.7 million, compared to $334.7 million at December 31, 2021. Approximately $402.4 million of the December 31, 2022 backlog is expected to be recognized as revenue over the next twelve months.

TEST SYSTEMS SEGMENT

(In thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021

Operating Margin (11.0) % (4.7) %

2022 Compared With 2021

Test Systems segment sales were $73.7 million, down $6.0 million compared with the prior year driven by lower revenue on defense and mass transit programs.

Test Systems operating loss was $8.1 million, or 11.0% of sales, compared with an operating loss of $3.8 million, or 4.7% of sales, in 2021. The higher operating loss was primarily attributable to mix and underabsorption of fixed costs due to volume and investments in staffing in preparation for the expected contract award from the U.S. Army. As previously disclosed, Astronics Test Systems was selected as the down select winner for the development of its Radio Test Set referred to as TS-4549/T. The Test Systems segment has been investing in significant new development programs which are expected to result in more profitable business in the near future.

2021 Compared With 2020

For a comparison of Test Systems segment results for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, see Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on March 4, 2022.

2023 Outlook for Test Systems

Bookings for the Test Systems segment in 2022 were $86.4 million, for a book-to-bill ratio of 1.17:1 for the year. Backlog in the Test Systems segment was $93.7 million at December 31, 2022, compared to $81.0 million at December 31, 2021. The Test Systems segment expects to recognize $49.0 million of backlog as revenue in 2023.

In 2022, as mentioned above, our Test Systems business was down-selected by the U.S. Army as the winner of the TS-4549/T radio test competition. A directed sole-source procurement is underway to finalize the terms of a contract, a process that is expected to be completed in the third quarter. Preliminarily, the Company expects the program to generate sales of $200 million over the next seven years.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND OTHER COMMITMENTS

For further information on our contractual obligations and other commitments as of December 31, 2022 and estimated timing thereof, see the notes referenced below, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.

Long-term Debt and Interest Payments — Refer to Note 8, Long-Term Debt, in this report. The Company completed a financing transaction totaling $205 million subsequent to the year ending December 31, 2022, which refinanced its previous revolving credit facility that was scheduled to mature in November 2023. The new financing consists of a $90 million asset-based Term Loan Facility and a $115 million asset-based revolving credit facility. The maturity date of the Term Loan Facility is the earlier of the stated maturity date of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility or January 19, 2027, provided the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is extended beyond that date. The Term Loan Facility has an interest rate of SOFR plus 8.75% and is collateralized primarily by real estate, fixed assets and intellectual property. Amortization of the term loan principal will begin in April 2023 with a monthly amortization rate of 0.292% of the outstanding term loan principal balance for the period April 1, 2023 through June 1, 2023, increasing to 0.542% per month for the period July 1, 2023 through September 1, 2023, then increasing to 0.833% monthly thereafter. During 2023, scheduled principal payments of $4.5 million are due under the Term Loan Facility. The Term Loan Facility requires a commitment fee of $4.5 million, $1.8 million of which was paid on the closing date, $1.8 million of which will be paid on June 19, 2023 and $0.9 million of which will be paid on the date that the financial statements and compliance certificate for the fiscal quarter of the Company ending on or about March 31, 2024 are required to be delivered under the Term Loan Facility. The revolving credit facility has a scheduled maturity of January 19, 2026, an interest rate of SOFR plus 2.25% to 2.75% and is collateralized primarily by inventory and accounts receivable. The revolving credit facility requires a quarterly commitment fee under the revolving credit agreement in an amount equal to 0.25% or 0.375% based on the Company’s average excess availability. Future interest payments under the two credit facilities of approximately $52.5 million have been estimated using the applicable interest rate of each debt facility based on expected future borrowings and scheduled term loan repayments. Actual future ABL borrowings and rates may differ from those used to estimate the amounts discussed above.

Purchase Obligations — Purchase obligations are comprised of the Company’s commitments for goods and services in the normal course of business and amount to approximately $155.8 million payable over the next twelve months.

Supplemental Retirement Plan and Post Retirement Obligations — Anticipated payments related with the Company’s defined benefit plans are detailed in Note 13, Retirement Plans and Related Post Retirement Benefits in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.

Lease Obligations — Refer to Note 10, Leases in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report for details on obligations and timing of expected future lease payments, including a five-year maturity schedule. These amounts exclude annual operating lease payments of approximately $1.7 million per year through 2033, which represents legal binding lease payments for leases signed, but not yet commenced.

Legal Reserves — Refer to Note 19, Legal Proceeding in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report for management’s estimate of damages to be paid related to our ongoing litigation with Lufthansa Technik and timing thereof.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

CASH FLOW DATA:

Net Cash Flows from:

YEAR-END FINANCIAL POSITION:

OTHER YEAR-END DATA:

(1)Working capital is calculated as the difference between Current Assets and Current Liabilities.

Our cash flow from operations and available borrowing capacity provide us with the financial resources needed to run our operations and reinvest in our business.

Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity is highly dependent upon achieving expected operating results. Failure to achieve expected operating results could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, our ability to obtain financing or access our existing financing, and our operations in the future.

Operating Activities

Cash used for operating activities totaled $28.3 million in 2022, as compared with $5.5 million cash used for operating activities in 2021. Cash flow from operating activities decreased compared with the 2021 primarily related to increases in net operating assets, primarily accounts receivable and inventory, more than offsetting cash received from income tax refunds and the AMJP program. Accounts receivable has increased with a higher volume of sales while inventory balances have increased to fulfill customer demand in upcoming quarters coupled with increased lead times on certain key components required to be purchased further in advance. Non-cash items in 2022 and 2021 include the $11.3 million and $10.7 million earnout from the sale of the semiconductor business, respectively. Additional non-cash items in 2021 include the $5.0 million net gain on the sale of facilities within the Aerospace segment, as well as the $8.4 million incremental reserve for estimated impacts of the intellectual property dispute with Lufthansa Technik.

Our cash flows from operations are primarily dependent on our net income (loss) adjusted for non-cash expenses and income and the timing of collections of receivables, inventory levels and payments to suppliers and employees. Sales and operating results of our Aerospace segment are influenced by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aerospace industry, in particular, build rates of new aircraft, which are subject to general economic conditions, airline passenger travel and spending for government and military programs. Our Test Systems segment sales depends in part on capital expenditures of the aerospace and defense industry which, in turn, depend on current and future demand for those products. A reduction in demand for our customers’ products would adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

The Company generated positive cash flows from operations in the fourth quarter of 2022, and expects to continue to do so for the full year ending December 31, 2023.

Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities in 2022 was $14.4 million. Investing cash flows in 2022 were positively impacted by the receipt of $10.7 million and $11.3 million related to the calendar 2020 and 2021 earnouts, respectively, from the sale of the semiconductor business, offset by $7.7 million in capital expenditures.

Cash provided by investing activities in 2021 was $3.2 million, primarily the result of $9.2 million in proceeds from the sale of assets within the Aerospace segment, offset by purchases of property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) of $6.0 million.

Our expectation for 2023 is that we will invest between $17 million and $20 million for PP&E. Future requirements for PP&E depend on numerous factors, including expansion of existing product lines and introduction of new products. Management believes that our cash flow from operations and current borrowing arrangements will provide for these capital expenditures. We expect to continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities in the future.

Financing Activities

Cash used for financing activities totaled $1.4 million for 2022, as compared with cash used for financing activities of $7.5 million for 2021. The Company made net repayments towards our senior credit facility of $1.0 million in 2022 compared with net repayments of $10.0 million in 2021, coupled with $2.4 million in costs associated with amending and refinancing our credit facility in 2022.

The Company's long-term debt at December 31, 2022 and 2021 consisted of borrowings under its Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Agreement”). On March 1, 2022, the Company executed an amendment to the Agreement, which reduced the revolving credit line from $375 million to $225 million and extended the maturity date of the loans under the facility from February 16, 2023 to May 30, 2023. On August 9, 2022, the Company executed a further amendment to the Agreement, which reduced the revolving credit line from $225 million to $190 million until September 12, 2022 with further reductions to $180 million effective September 12, 2022 and $170 million effective October 11, 2022. The amendment extended the maturity date of the loans under the facility from May 30, 2023 to August 31, 2023. On October 21, 2022, the Company executed an additional amendment to the Agreement, under which the lenders waived enforcement of their rights against the Company arising from the Company’s failure to comply with the maximum net leverage ratio and minimum liquidity covenants, each as of September 30, 2022. The amendment increased the revolving credit line to $180 million as of October 21, 2022, with a reduction to $170 million effective November 21, 2022. Another amendment to the Agreement was executed on November 14, 2022 (the “Amended Facility”), which extended the maturity date of the loans under the facility from August 31, 2023 to November 30, 2023. Under the Amended Facility, the revolving credit line was set at $180 million, with a reduction to $170 million effective December 21, 2022. The amendment required the Company to maintain minimum liquidity, defined as unrestricted cash plus the unused revolving credit commitments ($10 million as of November 30, 2022 and December 31, 2022). The Amended Facility required the Company to comply with a minimum Adjusted EBITDA covenant on a trailing twelve month basis. The amendment eliminated the net leverage ratio covenant for the remaining term of the agreement. Each amendment executed in 2022 required payment of a consent fee of 5 to 10 basis points of the commitment for each consenting lender.

At December 31, 2022, there was $164.0 million outstanding on the Amended Facility and there remained $6.0 million available subject to the minimum liquidity covenant discussed above. The credit facility allocated up to $20 million of the $170 million revolving credit line for the issuance of letters of credit. Interest on the debt outstanding at December 31, 2022 was payable on the unpaid principal amount of the facility at a rate equal to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”, which is required to be at least 1.00%), plus 5.50% with an increase to a rate equal to SOFR (which is required to be at least 1.00%), plus 8.50% effective January 17, 2023. The Company also was required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders in an amount equal to 0.40% on the undrawn portion of the Amended Facility.

The Company amended its existing revolving credit facility on January 19, 2023 by entering into the Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “ABL Revolving Credit Facility”). The ABL Revolving Credit Facility set the maximum aggregate amount that the Company can borrow under the revolving credit line at $115 million, with borrowings subject to a borrowing base determined primarily by certain domestic inventory and accounts receivable. The maturity date of borrowings under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is January 19, 2026. Under the terms of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, the Company will now pay interest on the unpaid principal amount of the facility at a rate equal to SOFR (which is required to be at least 1.00%) plus 2.25% to 2.75%. The Company will pay a quarterly commitment fee under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility in an amount equal to 0.25% or 0.375% based on the Company’s average excess availability. Under the provisions of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, the Company has a cash dominion arrangement with the lead banking institution whereby eligible daily cash receipts are contractually utilized to pay down outstanding borrowings. Eligible cash receipts that have not yet been applied to outstanding debt balance will be classified as restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company also entered into a $90 million asset-based Term Loan Facility on January 19, 2023. The Term Loan Facility is secured primarily by fixed assets, real estate and intellectual property. The maturity date of the Term Loan Facility is the earlier of the stated maturity date of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility or January 19, 2027, provided the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is extended beyond that date. The Company will pay interest under the Term Loan Facility at a rate equal to SOFR (which is required to be at least 2.50%) plus 8.75%. The Company will pay a commitment fee under the Term Loan Facility of 5% of the total aggregate commitment, or $4.5 million, $1.8 million which was paid on the closing date, $1.8 million of which will be paid on June 19, 2023 and $0.9 million of which will be paid on the date that the financial statements and compliance certificate for the fiscal quarter of the Company ending on or about March 31, 2024 are required to be delivered under the Term Loan Facility.

for the period July 1, 2023 through September 1, 2023 then increasing to 0.833% thereafter. Total scheduled principal payments of $4.5 million are payable in 2023 and as such, have been classified as current in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. The weighted-average interest rate on current maturities of long-debt is 13.60%.

Pursuant to the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility, the Company is required to comply with a minimum trailing four quarter EBITDA of $14.7 million for the Company’s first quarter of 2023, $23.3 million in the second quarter, $39.2 million in the third quarter, $51.7 million in the fourth quarter, $57.6 million in the first quarter of 2024, $65.2 million in the second quarter of 2024 and $70 million thereafter. In addition, mandatory prepayment of a portion of excess cash flow, as defined by the Term Loan Facility, is payable towards the principle amount outstanding at the end of 2023. Any voluntary prepayments made are subject to a prepayment fee, as defined by the Term Loan Facility. The Company is also required to maintain minimum liquidity of $20 million through the date of delivery of the compliance certificate for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, and $10 million thereafter. Beginning with the first quarter of 2024, the Company is subject to a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.10 to 1.00. Further, the Company is subject to excess cash flow repayment provisions, restrictions on additional indebtedness, share repurchases and dividend payments, and a limitation on capital expenditures.

Upon execution of the amendment to its ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility on January 19, 2023, the Company incurred an additional $6.1 million in debt issuance costs, allocated between the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility. Deferred debt issuance costs associated with the ABL Revolving Credit Facility will be recorded within other assets and those associated with the Term Loan Facility will be recorded as a reduction of the carrying value of the debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are borrowers or guarantors under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility.

In the event of voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy of the Company or any subsidiary, all unpaid principal and other amounts owing under the credit facilities automatically become due and payable. Other events of default, such as failure to make payments as they become due and breach of financial and other covenants, change of control, cross default under other material debt agreements, and a going concern qualification for any reason other than loan maturity date give the agent the option to declare all such amounts immediately due and payable.

The Company expects its sales growth and reductions in working capital will provide sufficient cash flows to fund operations. However, the Company may also evaluate various actions and alternatives to enhance its profitability and cash generation from operating activities, which could include manufacturing efficiency initiatives, cost-reduction measures, working with vendors and suppliers to reduce lead times and expedite shipment of critical components, and working with customers to expedite receivable collections.

Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity and comply with financial debt covenants is highly dependent upon achieving expected operating results. Failure to achieve expected operating results could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, our ability to obtain financing or access our existing financing, and our operations in the future and could allow our debt holders to demand payment of all outstanding amounts. Refer to Item 1A, Risk Factors, for further discussion.

Refer to Note 8 of our consolidated financial statements in Item 8, Financial Statement and Supplementary Data, of this report for additional information regarding our credit facility.

DIVIDENDS

Management believes that it should retain the capital generated from operating activities for investment in advancing technologies, acquisitions and debt retirement. Accordingly, there are no plans to institute a cash dividend program. Further, we are precluded from payment of dividends under our credit facilities.

RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated herein by reference to the information included in the Company’s 2023 Proxy Statement which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2022 fiscal year.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company has limited exposure to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates to U.S. dollar, primarily in Canadian dollars and Euros currency. Approximately 91% of the Company’s consolidated sales are transacted in U.S. dollars. Net assets held in or measured in Canadian dollars amounted to $8.8 million at December 31, 2022. A 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Canadian dollar would have had a $0.2 million impact to 2022 net loss. Net assets held in or measured in Euros amounted to $25.3 million at December 31, 2022. A 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Euros would have had a $0.1 million impact to 2022 net loss.

Risk due to fluctuation in interest rates is a function of the Company’s floating rate debt obligations, which total approximately $164.0 million at December 31, 2022. A change of 1% in interest rates of all variable rate debt would impact annual net loss by approximately $1.6 million, before income taxes.

As disclosed elsewhere in this report, the future impacts of the Russia and Ukraine conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic and their residual effects, including economic uncertainty, inflationary environment and disruption within the global supply chain, labor markets and aerospace industry, on our business remain uncertain. As we cannot anticipate the ultimate duration or scope of the Russia-Ukraine war and the COVID-19 pandemic, the ultimate financial impact to our results cannot be reasonably estimated, but could be material.

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Astronics Corporation

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Astronics Corporation (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated March 10, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Valuation of Goodwill

Revenue Recognition

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company‘s auditor since 1992.

Buffalo, New York

March 10, 2023

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 based upon the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework originally issued in 2013 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2022.

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and, as part of their audit, has issued their report, included herein, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.

By: /s/ Peter J. Gundermann March 10, 2023

Peter J. Gundermann

President & Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ David C. Burney March 10, 2023

David C. Burney

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Astronics Corporation

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Astronics Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Astronics Corporation (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021,the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) and our report dated March 10, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Buffalo, New York

March 10, 2023

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended December 31,

Net Gain on Sale of Facility — 5,014 —

Impairment Loss — — 87,016

Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes 5,954 (1,382) 3,371

Basic Loss Per Share $ (1.11) $ (0.82) $ (3.76)

Diluted Loss Per Share $ (1.11) $ (0.82) $ (3.76)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Year Ended December 31,

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):

Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments (1,928) (939) 2,574

Retirement Liability Adjustment – Net of Tax 6,897 2,894 (3,396)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31,

(In thousands, except share and per share data) 2022 2021

ASSETS

Current Assets:

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets 15,743 45,089

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net of Accumulated Depreciation 90,658 95,236

Intangible Assets, Net of Accumulated Amortization 79,277 94,320

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current Liabilities:

Current Maturities of Long-term Debt $ 4,500 $ —

Accrued Payroll and Employee Benefits 15,588 19,607

Current Operating Lease Liabilities 4,441 6,778

Customer Advanced Payments and Deferred Revenue 32,567 27,356

Long-term Operating Lease Liabilities 9,942 12,018

Shareholders’ Equity:

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (9,526) (14,495)

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity $ 615,031 $ 609,138

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands) Year Ended December 31,

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

Non-cash Items:

Provision for Losses on Inventory and Receivables 3,415 3,942 6,079

Net Gain on Sales of Assets — (5,083) —

Contingent Consideration Liability Fair Value Adjustment — (2,200) —

Net Gain on Sale of Businesses, Before Taxes (11,284) (10,677) —

Impairment Loss — — 87,016

Accrued Litigation Claim 500 8,374 —

Equity Investment Other Than Temporary Impairment — — 3,493

Restructuring Activities — 267 1,173

Deferral of Federal Payroll Taxes — — 5,877

Cash Flows from Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities:

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets 261 20 (45)

Customer Advanced Payments and Deferred Revenue 5,264 (235) (7,043)

Supplemental Retirement Plan and Other Liabilities (405) (404) (403)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Proceeds from Sale of Businesses and Assets 22,061 9,213 —

Other Investing Activities — — 1,662

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONTINUED

(In thousands) Year Ended December 31,

Purchase of Outstanding Shares for Treasury — — (7,732)

Stock Award and Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) activity 97 3,396 666

Finance Lease Principal Payments (93) (901) (1,922)

Financing-related Costs (2,416) — (360)

(Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents (15,979) (10,655) 8,506

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information

Income Taxes Refunded, Net of Payments $ (9,978) $ (1,250) $ (1,536)

Non-Cash Investing Activities:

Capital Expenditures in Accounts Payable $ 490 $ — $ —

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Year Ended December 31,

Common Stock

Net Exercise of Stock Options, including ESPP — 5 1

Net Issuance of Common Stock for Restricted Stock Units (“RSU’s”) 1 1 —

Class B Stock Converted to Common Stock 1 5 8

Convertible Class B Stock

Beginning of Year $ 64 $ 69 $ 76

Net Exercise of Stock Options — — 1

Class B Stock Converted to Common Stock (1) (5) (8)

Additional Paid in Capital

Tax Withholding Related to Issuance of RSU’s (304) (179) —

Accumulated Comprehensive Loss

Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments (1,928) (939) 2,574

Retirement Liability Adjustment – Net of Taxes 6,897 2,894 (3,396)

Retained Earnings

Reissuance of Treasury Shares for 401K Contribution (11,118) — —

Treasury Stock

Purchase of Shares — — (7,732)

Shares Issued to Fund 401K Obligation 18,618 — —

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

ASTRONICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY, CONTINUED

Year Ended December 31,

Common Stock

Net Issuance of Common Stock for RSU’s 106 70 45

Net Issuance from Exercise of Stock Options, including ESPP 20 485 48

Class B Stock Converted to Common Stock 85 531 858

Convertible Class B Stock

Net Issuance of Restricted Stock — 4 —

Net Issuance from Exercise of Stock Options 24 25 85

Class B Stock Converted to Common Stock (85) (531) (858)

Treasury Stock

Purchase of Shares — — 282

Shares Issued to Fund 401K Obligation (653) — —

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES

Description of the Business

Astronics Corporation (“Astronics” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of advanced technologies to the global aerospace, defense and electronics industries. Our products and services include advanced, high-performance electrical power generation, distribution and seat motion systems, lighting and safety systems, avionics products, systems and certification, aircraft structures and automated test systems.

We have principal operations in the United States (“U.S.”), Canada, France and England, as well as engineering offices in the Ukraine and India.

The Company has two reportable segments, Aerospace and Test Systems. The Aerospace segment designs and manufactures products for the global aerospace and defense industry. Our Test Systems segment designs, develops, manufactures and maintains automated test systems that support the aerospace and defense, communications and mass transit industries as well as training and simulation devices for both commercial and military applications.

See Notes 21 and 22 for details of our acquisition and divestiture activities in 2022, 2021 and 2020.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted businesses on a global scale, led to significant volatility in financial markets and affected the aviation and industrial industries. The impacts of the pandemic have placed labor and supply chain pressures on our business and we have been impacted by customer demand variability. Although we saw stable and growing backlog during 2022 in our aerospace business, COVID-19 related disruptions are ongoing and continue to adversely challenge our commercial transport market. While we remain bullish about the aerospace business, we believe the recovery to pre-pandemic activity, particularly in the widebody market, will take longer than originally anticipated at the outset of the pandemic. As economic activity continues to recover, we will continue to monitor the situation, assessing further possible implications on our operations, supply chain, liquidity, cash flow and customer orders.

In September 2021 the Company was awarded a grant of up to $14.7 million from the U.S. Department of Transportation under the Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program (“AMJP”). The Company received $7.4 million under the grant in 2021, $5.2 million in the first quarter of 2022 and $2.1 million in the third quarter of 2022. The grant benefit was recognized ratably over the six-month performance period as a reduction to cost of products sold in proportion to the compensation expense that the award is intended to defray. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $6.0 million and $8.7 million of the award, respectively.

Additionally, the Company qualified for government subsidies from the Canadian and French governments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on our foreign operations. The Canadian and French subsidies are income-based grants intended to reimburse the Company for certain employee wages. The grants are recognized as income over the periods in which the Company recognizes as expenses the costs the grants are intended to defray. The amount recognized during 2022 was immaterial.

The following table presents the COVID-19 related government assistance, including AMJP, recorded during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,

Reduction in Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 11 228 278

Restructuring Activities

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the global economy, and particularly the aerospace industry, resulting in reduced expectations of the Company’s anticipated future operating results. As a result, the Company executed restructuring activities in the form of workforce reduction, primarily in the second quarter of 2020, to align capacity with expected demand.

Additional restructuring activities occurred during 2021 to align the workforce to expected activities and to consolidate certain facilities.

For more information regarding these restructuring plans see Note 22.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Acquisitions are accounted for under the acquisition method and, accordingly, the operating results for the acquired companies are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations from the respective dates of acquisition.

Cost of Products Sold, Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Cost of products sold includes the costs to manufacture products such as direct materials and labor and manufacturing overhead as well as all engineering and developmental costs. The Company is engaged in a variety of research and development activities directed to the substantial improvement or new application of the Company’s existing technologies. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and include salaries, benefits, consulting, material costs and depreciation. Research and development expenses amounted to $48.3 million in 2022, $43.3 million in 2021 and $40.2 million in 2020. These costs are included in Cost of products sold. SG&A expenses include costs primarily related to our sales, marketing and administrative departments. Interest expense is shown net of interest income. Interest income was insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

Shipping and Handling

Shipping and handling costs are included in Costs of products sold.

Equity-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for its stock options following Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC Topic 718”). ASC Topic 718 requires all equity-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU's”), to be recognized in the statement of earnings based on the grant date fair value of the award. For awards with graded vesting, the Company uses a straight-line method of attributing the value of stock-based compensation expense, subject to minimum levels of expense, based on vesting. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

Under ASC Topic 718, stock compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. Equity-based compensation expense is included in SG&A expenses.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase are considered cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses

Accounts receivable are composed of trade and contract receivables recorded at either the invoiced amount or costs in excess of billings, are expected to be collected within one year, and do not bear interest. The Company records a valuation allowance to account for estimated credit losses. The estimate for credit losses is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews the allowance by considering factors such as the age of the receivable balances, historical experience, credit quality, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. Balances are written off when determined to be uncollectible.

The Company's exposure to credit losses may increase if its customers are adversely affected by global economic recessions, disruption associated with the current COVID-19 pandemic, industry conditions, or other customer-specific factors. Although the Company has historically not experienced significant credit losses, it is possible that there could be a material adverse impact from potential adjustments of the carrying amount of trade receivables and contract assets as airlines and other aerospace companies’ cash flows are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Inventories

We record our inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We determine the cost basis of our inventory on a first-in, first-out or weighted average basis using a standard cost methodology that approximates actual cost. The Company records reserves to provide for excess, slow moving or obsolete inventory. In determining the appropriate reserve, the Company considers the age of inventory on hand, the overall inventory levels in relation to forecasted demands as well as reserving for specifically identified inventory that the Company believes is no longer salable or whose value has diminished.

Cloud Computing Arrangements

The Company incurs costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by third party vendors. Implementation costs associated with cloud computing arrangements are capitalized when incurred during the application development phase. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the contractual term of the cloud computing arrangement. Capitalized amounts related to such arrangements are recorded within other current assets and other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets and were insignificant as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) is computed using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes and using accelerated methods for income tax purposes. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows: buildings, 25-40 years; and machinery and equipment, 4-10 years. Leased buildings and associated leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the terms of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets, with the amortization of such assets included within depreciation expense.

The cost of properties sold or otherwise disposed of and the accumulated depreciation thereon are eliminated from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss, as well as maintenance and repair expenses, is reflected within operating income. Replacements and improvements are capitalized.

Depreciation expense was approximately $12.0 million, $12.7 million and $13.3 million in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Deferred Financing Costs

The Company incurs debt issuance costs in connection with amending or entering into new credit facilities. These costs are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense over term of the credit facility on a straight-line basis, which approximates the effective interest method. The unamortized balance of deferred financing costs was $3.2 million at December 31, 2022 and $0.4 million at December 31, 2021, recorded within Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

On January 19, 2023, the Company completed a financing transaction, which refinanced its previous revolving credit facility which was scheduled to mature in November 2023. The new financing consists of a $90 million asset-based term loan (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a $115 million asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Revolving Credit Facility”). In 2022, the Company incurred $3.6 million in debt issuance costs associated with amending its existing credit facility and entering into a new credit facility. These costs are classified within Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company incurred an additional $6.1 million in debt issuance costs upon execution of the Restated Agreement and the Term Loan Facility on January 19, 2023. Deferred debt issuance costs associated with revolving credit facilities will be recorded within other assets and those associated with term loan facilities will be recorded as a reduction of the carrying value of the debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used are initially recorded at cost. The carrying value of these assets is evaluated for recoverability whenever adverse effects or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Impairments are recognized if future undiscounted cash flows from operations are not expected to be sufficient to recover long-lived assets. The carrying amounts are then reduced to fair value, which is typically determined by using a discounted cash flow model.

Assets held for sale are to be reported at lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Judgment is required in estimating the sales price of assets held for sale and the time required to sell the assets. These estimates are based upon available market data and operating cash flows of the assets held for sale. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we sold a facility resulting in a gain of $5.0 million. Refer to Note 21.

Goodwill

We may elect to perform a qualitative assessment that considers economic, industry and company-specific factors for all or selected reporting units. If, after completing the assessment, it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we proceed to a quantitative test. We may also elect to perform a quantitative test instead of a qualitative test for any or all of our reporting units.

Quantitative testing requires a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. We use the discounted cash flow method to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. The discounted cash flow method incorporates various assumptions, the most significant being projected sales growth rates, operating margins and cash flows, the terminal growth rate and the weighted average cost of capital. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the shortfall up to the carrying value of the goodwill represents the amount of goodwill impairment.

The 2022 and 2021 assessments indicated no impairment to the carrying value of goodwill in any of the Company’s reporting units and no impairment charges were recognized. See Note 7 for further information regarding the goodwill impairment charge in 2020.

Intangible Assets

The estimated fair values of acquired intangibles are generally determined based upon future economic benefits such as earnings and cash flows. Acquired identifiable intangible assets are recorded at fair value and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Acquired intangible assets with an indefinite life are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of those assets are below their estimated fair values. Impairment is tested under ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, as amended by Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2012-2.

Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and long-term debt. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral. The Company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying values of cash and equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value. The carrying value of the Company’s variable rate long-term debt instruments also approximates fair value due to the variable rate feature of these instruments.

From time to time, the Company makes long-term, strategic equity investments in companies to promote business and strategic objectives. These investments as classified within Other Assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. For investments requiring equity method accounting, we recognize our share of the investee’s earnings or losses within Other Expense, Net of Other Income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Such amounts were immaterial in 2022, 2021 and 2020. For investments not requiring equity method accounting, if the investment has no readily determinable fair value, we have elected the practicability exception of ASU 2016-01, under which the investment is measured at cost, less impairment, plus or minus observable price changes from orderly transactions of an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.

In 2020, the Company determined there were indicators of impairment over one of its investments as a result of the investee’s deteriorating operating performance and limited access to capital. We determined that the fair value of this investment was de minimis and a full impairment charge of $3.5 million was recorded within Other Expense, Net of Other Income in the accompanying Consolidated Statement Operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

As a result of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, the Company generated a significant tax loss for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was carried back under the CARES Act to recover previously paid income taxes. The Company records a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets if and to the extent it is more likely than not that the Company will not recover the deferred tax assets. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, the Company weights all relevant positive and negative evidence, and considers among other factors, historical financial performance, projected future taxable income, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, the overall business environment, and tax planning strategies. Losses in recent periods and cumulative pre-tax losses in the three years period ending with the current year, combined with the significant uncertainty brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, is collectively considered significant negative evidence under ASC 740 when assessing whether an entity can use projected income as a basis for concluding that deferred tax assets are realizable on a

more-likely than not basis. For purposes of assessing the recoverability of deferred tax assets, the Company determined that it could not include future projected earnings in the analysis due to recent history of losses and therefore had insufficient objective positive evidence that the Company will generate sufficient future taxable income to overcome the negative evidence of cumulative losses. Accordingly, during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 the Company determined that a portion of its deferred tax assets are not expected to be realizable in the future. As a result, the Company recorded a provision for valuation allowances against its U.S. federal deferred tax assets of approximately $11.9 million, $6.0 million, and $23.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 respectively. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded a valuation allowance against certain foreign deferred tax assets of approximately $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting periods in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company accounts for its foreign currency translation in accordance with ASC Topic 830, Foreign Currency Translation. The aggregate transaction gains and losses included in operations were insignificant in 2022, 2021, and 2020.

Dividends

The Company has not paid any cash dividends in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022.

Loss Contingencies

Loss contingencies may from time to time arise from situations such as claims and other legal actions. Loss contingencies are recorded as liabilities when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. In all other instances, legal fees are expensed as incurred. Disclosure is required when there is a reasonable possibility that the ultimate loss will exceed the recorded provision. Contingent liabilities are often resolved over long time periods. In recording liabilities for probable losses, management is required to make estimates and judgments regarding the amount or range of the probable loss. Management continually assesses the adequacy of estimated loss contingencies and, if necessary, adjusts the amounts recorded as better information becomes known.

Acquisitions

The Company accounts for its acquisitions under ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations and Reorganizations (“ASC Topic 805”). ASC Topic 805 provides guidance on how the acquirer recognizes and measures the consideration transferred, identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, non-controlling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination. ASC Topic 805 also expands required disclosures surrounding the nature and financial effects of business combinations.

Newly Adopted and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, or had and are expected to have minimal impact on our financial statements and related disclosures.

NOTE 2 — REVENUE

Revenue is recognized when, or as, the Company transfers control of promised products or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring those products or services. Sales shown on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations are from contracts with customers.

Payment terms and conditions vary by contract, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within a range from 30 to 90 days after the performance obligation has been satisfied; or in certain cases, up-front deposits. In circumstances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined that the Company's contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. Taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities, are excluded from sales.

The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental, material costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the Company expects the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year and the costs are expected to be recovered. These incremental costs

include, but are not limited to, sales commissions incurred to obtain a contract with a customer. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have material incremental costs on any open contracts with an original expected duration of greater than one year.

The Company recognizes an asset for certain, material costs to fulfill a contract if it is determined that the costs relate directly to a contract or an anticipated contract that can be specifically identified, generate or enhance resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and are expected to be recovered. Such costs are amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods to which the asset relates. Start-up costs are expensed as incurred. Capitalized fulfillment costs are included in Inventories in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Should future orders not materialize or it is determined the costs are no longer probable of recovery, the capitalized costs are written off. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has capitalized $2.5 million of costs. As of December 31, 2021, the Company did not have material capitalized fulfillment costs.

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts which are, therefore, not distinct. Thus, the contract's transaction price is the revenue recognized when or as that performance obligation is satisfied. Promised goods or services that are immaterial in the context of the contract are not separately assessed as performance obligations.

Some of our contracts have multiple performance obligations, most commonly due to the contract covering multiple phases of the product lifecycle (development, production, maintenance and support). For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the contract’s transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus margin approach, under which expected costs are forecast to satisfy a performance obligation and then an appropriate margin is added for that distinct good or service. Shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of the good are considered fulfillment activities, not performance obligations.

Some of our contracts offer price discounts or free units after a specified volume has been purchased. The Company evaluates these options to determine whether they provide a material right to the customer, representing a separate performance obligation. If the option provides a material right to the customer, revenue is allocated to these rights and recognized when those future goods or services are transferred, or when the option expires.

Contract modifications are routine in the performance of our contracts. Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications or requirements. In most instances, contract modifications are for goods or services that are distinct, and, therefore, are accounted for as new contracts. The effect of modifications has been reflected when identifying the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations, determining the transaction price and allocating the transaction price.

The majority of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is recognized at a point in time, when the customer obtains control of the promised product, which is generally upon delivery and acceptance by the customer. These contracts may provide credits or incentives, which may be accounted for as variable consideration. Variable consideration is estimated at the most likely amount to predict the consideration to which the Company will be entitled, and only to the extent it is probable that a subsequent change in estimate will not result in a significant revenue reversal when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. Variable consideration is treated as a change to the sales transaction price and based on an assessment of all information (i.e., historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company, and estimated at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available. Most of our contracts do not contain rights to return product; where this right does exist, it is evaluated as possible variable consideration.

For contracts that are subject to the requirement to accrue anticipated losses, the Company recognizes the entire anticipated loss in the period that the loss becomes probable.

For contracts with customers in which the Company promises to provide a product to the customer that has no alternative use to the Company and the Company has enforceable rights to payment for progress completed to date inclusive of profit, the Company satisfies the performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time, using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying our performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material and overhead.

The Company also recognizes revenue from service contracts (including service-type warranties) over time. The Company recognizes revenue over time during the term of the agreement as the customer is simultaneously receiving and consuming the benefits provided throughout the Company’s performance. The Company typically recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis throughout the contract period.

On December 31, 2022, we had $571.4 million of remaining performance obligations, which we refer to as total backlog. We expect to recognize approximately $451.4 million of our remaining performance obligations as revenue in 2023.

Costs in excess of billings includes unbilled amounts resulting from revenues under contracts with customers that are satisfied over time and when the cost-to-cost measurement method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, and right to payment is not just subject to the passage of time. Amounts may not exceed their net realizable value. Costs in excess of billings are classified as current assets, within Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Billings in excess of cost includes billings in excess of revenue recognized as well as other elements of deferred revenue, which includes advanced payments, up-front payments, and progress billing payments. Billings in excess of cost are reported in our Consolidated Balance Sheets classified as current liabilities, within Customer Advance Payments and Deferred Revenue, and non-current liabilities, within Other Liabilities. To determine the revenue recognized in the period from the beginning balance of billings in excess of cost, the contract liability as of the beginning of the period is recognized as revenue on a contract-by-contract basis when the Company satisfies the performance obligation related to the individual contract. Once the beginning contract liability balance for an individual contract has been fully recognized as revenue, any additional payments received in the period are recognized as revenue once the related costs have been incurred.

We recognized $14.8 million and $18.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, in revenues that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.

The Company's contract assets and contract liabilities consist of costs and profits in excess of billings and billings in excess of cost and profits, respectively. The following table presents the beginning and ending balances of contract assets and contract liabilities:

(In thousands) Contract Assets Contract Liabilities

The increase in contract assets reflects the net impact of new revenue recognized in excess of billings exceeding billing of previously unbilled revenue during the period. The increase in contract liabilities reflects the net impact of additional customer advances or deferred revenues recorded in excess of revenue recognized.

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by Market Segments as of December 31 as follows:

Aerospace Segment

Test Systems Segment

Semiconductor — — 3,483

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by Product Lines as of December 31 as follows:

Aerospace Segment

NOTE 3 — ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable at December 31 consists of:

Unbilled Recoverable Costs and Accrued Profits 27,349 25,941

Less Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses (2,630) (3,183)

The following table provides a rollforward of the allowance for estimated credit losses that is deducted from accounts receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected at December 31:

(In thousands)

Bad Debt Expense, Net of Recoveries 90

Write-off Charges Against the Allowance and Other Adjustments (125)

Bad Debt Expense, Net of Recoveries 565

Write-off Charges Against the Allowance and Other Adjustments (1,118)

NOTE 4 — INVENTORIES

Inventories at December 31 are as follows:

At December 31, 2022, the Company’s reserve for inventory valuation was $36.8 million, or 16.4% of gross inventory. At December 31, 2021, the Company’s reserve for inventory valuation was $33.8 million, or 17.7% of gross inventory.

NOTE 5 — PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, Plant and Equipment at December 31 are as follows:

Total Property, Plant and Equipment, Net $ 90,658 $ 95,236

NOTE 6 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes acquired intangible assets at December 31 as follows:

Amortization is computed on the straight line method for financial reporting purposes. Amortization expense for intangibles was $14.9 million, $15.4 million and $17.1 million for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Based upon acquired intangible assets at December 31, 2022, amortization expense for each of the next five years is estimated to be:

(In thousands)

NOTE 7 — GOODWILL

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill at December 31 as follows:

(In thousands) Aerospace Test Systems Total

Foreign Currency Translations and Other — — —

Foreign Currency Translations and Other (114) 1 (113)

The Company’s four reporting units with goodwill as of the first day of our fourth quarters of 2022 and 2021 were subject to the annual goodwill impairment test. Based on our quantitative assessments of our reporting units performed during our annual goodwill impairment tests, the Company concluded that no impairment to the carrying value of goodwill in any of the Company’s reporting units was indicated and no impairment charges were recognized in 2022 and 2021.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the global economy and aerospace industry. Management considered these qualitative factors and the impact to each reporting unit’s revenue and earnings, and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of several reporting units was less than its carrying value. Therefore, we performed a quantitative test for all eight reporting units with goodwill as of March 28, 2020.

We determined that the estimated fair value of four of the eight reporting units with goodwill significantly exceeded their respective carrying values and did not result in a goodwill impairment for these four reporting units as of March 28, 2020.

For the remaining four reporting units with goodwill, we determined that the estimated fair value was less than their respective carrying values. We recognized full impairments of the goodwill of our Astronics Connectivity Systems and Certification (“ACSC”), PGA and Custom Control Concepts (“CCC”) reporting units, and a partial impairment of the goodwill of our PECO reporting unit as of March 28, 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, further commercial aircraft order reductions, delays and cancellations at a major customer of our PECO reporting unit resulted in revisions to PECO’s forecast. We therefore performed a quantitative test for the PECO reporting unit as of June 27, 2020. As a result of this quantitative test, we determined that the estimated fair value was less than the respective carrying value as of June 27, 2020.

As a result of our interim goodwill impairment tests, we recorded non-cash goodwill impairment charges in the Aerospace segment of approximately $86.3 million within the Impairment Loss line of the December 31, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Operations.

NOTE 8 — LONG-TERM DEBT

Amortization of the principal under the Term Loan Facility will begin in April with a monthly amortization rate of 0.292% of the outstanding term loan principal balance for the period April 1, 2023 through June 1, 2023, increasing to 0.542% per month for the period July 1, 2023 through September 1, 2023 then increasing to 0.833% thereafter. Total scheduled principal payments of $4.5 million are payable in 2023 and as such, have been classified as current in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. The weighted-average interest rate on current maturities of long-debt is 13.60%.

Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are borrowers or guarantors under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility.

NOTE 9 — WARRANTY

In the ordinary course of business, the Company warrants its products against defects in design, materials and workmanship typically over periods ranging from twelve to sixty months. The Company determines warranty reserves needed by product line based on experience and current facts and circumstances. Activity in the warranty accrual, which is included in other accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is summarized as follows:

NOTE 10 — LEASES

The Company has operating and finance leases for leased office and manufacturing facilities and equipment leases. We have concluded that when an agreement grants us the right to substantially all of the economic benefits associated with an identified asset, and we are able to direct the use of that asset throughout the term of the agreement, we have a lease. We lease certain office equipment under finance leases, and we lease certain production facilities, office equipment and vehicles under operating

leases. Some of our leases include options to extend or terminate the leases and these options have been included in the relevant lease term to the extent that they are reasonably certain to be exercised.

If the lease arrangement also contains non-lease components, the Company elected the practical expedient not to separate any combined lease and non-lease components for all lease contracts. For our real estate leases, the remaining fixed minimum rental payments used in the calculation of the new lease liability, include fixed payments and variable payments (if the variable payments are based on an index), over the remaining lease term. Variable lease payments based on indices have been included in the related right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, while variable lease payments based on usage of the underlying asset have been excluded, as they do not represent present rights or obligations. Variable lease components for leases relate primarily to common area maintenance charges and other separately billed lessor services, sales and real estate taxes. Variable lease costs are expensed in the period they are incurred. We have also elected to adopt the practical expedient under ASC 842 to not separate lease and non-lease components in contracts where the base lease payment contains both. In this situation, these lease agreements are accounted for as a single lease component for all classes of underlying assets. While we do have real estate leases with options to purchase the facility at a market value at the date of exercise, these are not included in the calculation of the lease liability, as these options are not expected to be exercised.

Any new additional operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) assets are based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments. The Company's operating lease liability increased approximately $3.0 million as a result of acquiring ROU assets from new leases entered into during the year ended December 31, 2022. In determining the incremental borrowing rate, we have considered borrowing data for secured debt obtained from our lending institution.

The following is a summary of the Company's ROU assets and liabilities at December 31:

Operating Leases:

Operating Right-of-Use Assets, Gross $ 29,466 $ 30,318

Less Accumulated Right-of-Use Asset Impairment 1,710 1,710

Operating Right-of-Use Assets, Net $ 13,028 $ 16,169

Short-term Operating Lease Liabilities $ 4,441 $ 6,778

Long-term Operating Lease Liabilities 9,942 12,018

Finance Leases:

Finance Right-of-Use Assets, Gross $ 231 $ 177

Less Accumulated Amortization 138 106

Finance Right-of-Use Assets, Net — Included in Other Assets $ 93 $ 71

Long-term Finance Lease Liabilities — Included in Other Liabilities 67 —

Finance Lease Liabilities $ 96 $ 72

The following is a summary of the Company's total lease costs as of December 31:

Finance Lease Cost:

Amortization of ROU Assets $ 94 $ 573

Interest on Lease Liabilities 4 78

Total Finance Lease Cost 98 651

Short-term Lease Cost (excluding month-to-month) 602 271

Less Sublease and Rental Income (1,329) (1,265)

The following is a summary of cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities as of December 31:

Operating Cash Flow for Finance Leases $ 4 $ 78

Operating Cash Flow for Operating Leases $ 7,873 $ 6,711

Financing Cash Flow for Finance Leases $ 93 $ 901

As permitted by ASC 842, leases with expected durations of less than 12 months from inception (i.e. short-term leases) were excluded from the Company’s calculation of its lease liability and ROU asset. Furthermore, as permitted by ASC 842, the Company elected to apply the package of practical expedients, which allows companies not to reassess: (a) whether its expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (b) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (c) initial direct costs for any existing leases.

The weighted-average remaining term for the Company's operating and financing leases are approximately 4 years and 3 years, respectively. The weighted-average discount rates for the Company's operating and financing leases are each approximately 3.6%.

The following is a summary of the Company's maturity of lease liabilities:

(In thousands) Operating Leases Financing Leases

These amounts exclude annual operating lease payments of approximately $1.7 million per year through 2033, which represents legal binding lease payments for leases signed, but not yet commenced.

NOTE 11 — INCOME TAXES

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced, if deemed necessary, by a valuation allowance for the amount of tax benefits which are not more likely than not to be realized.

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes at December 31 consists of the following:

Current

Deferred

The effective tax rates differ from the statutory federal income tax rate as follows:

Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 %

Permanent Items

Stock Compensation Expense (2.2) % (2.1) % (0.3) %

Non Deductible Goodwill Impairment — % — % (10.2) %

Contingent Consideration Liability Fair Value Adjustment — % 1.7 % — %

Other (0.3) % (0.7) % — %

Foreign Tax Rate Differential (2.8) % (2.7) % (1.0) %

State Income Tax, Net of Federal Income Tax Effect 1.0 % 2.2 % 3.3 %

Research and Development Tax Credits 7.7 % 12.8 % 2.2 %

Change in Valuation Allowance (44.6) % (29.8) % (19.2) %

Net GILTI and FDII Tax Expense 1.8 % — % — %

Foreign Tax Credit for Dividend Withholding (1.5) % 1.7 % — %

Tax Rate Change on 2020 Federal Net Operating Loss Carryback — % 0.9 % 1.3 %

Effective Tax Rate (20.0) % 5.1 % (3.0) %

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes as well as tax attributes.

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, are as follows:

Deferred Tax Assets:

Section 163(j) - Interest Expense Limitation — 891

Customer Advanced Payments and Deferred Revenue 1,917 1,301

Net Operating Loss Carryforwards and Other 11,307 15,617

Goodwill and Intangible Assets 1,277 1,082

Research & Development Costs 19,892 —

Deferred Tax Liabilities:

Earnout Income Accrual — 2,603

Net Deferred Tax Liabilities $ (1,158) $ (1,148)

The net deferred tax assets and liabilities presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows at December 31:

Other Assets — Long-term $ 712 $ 273

Deferred Tax Liabilities — Long-term (1,870) (1,421)

Net Deferred Tax Liabilities $ (1,158) $ (1,148)

The Company records a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets if and to the extent it is more likely than not that the Company will not recover the deferred tax assets. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, the Company weighs all relevant positive and negative evidence, and considers among other factors, historical financial performance, projected future taxable income, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, the overall business environment, and tax planning strategies. Losses in recent periods and cumulative pre-tax losses in the three year period ending with the current year, combined with the significant uncertainty brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, is collectively considered significant negative evidence under ASC 740 when assessing whether an entity can use projected income as a basis for concluding that deferred tax assets are realizable on a more-likely than not basis. For purposes of assessing the recoverability of deferred tax assets, the Company determined that it could not include future projected earnings in the analysis due to the recent history of losses and therefore had insufficient objective positive evidence that the Company will generate sufficient future taxable income to overcome the negative evidence of cumulative losses. Accordingly, during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company determined that a portion of its deferred tax assets are not expected to be realizable in the future. As a result, the Company recorded a provision for valuation allowances against its U.S. federal deferred tax assets of approximately $11.9 million, $6.0 million, and $23.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. In addition, during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded a valuation allowance against certain foreign deferred tax assets of approximately $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively.

Beginning January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 eliminated the option to deduct research and development expenditures in the current year and now requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize research and development costs pursuant to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 174. The capitalized expenses are amortized over a 5-year period for domestic expenses and a 15-year period for foreign expenses. As a result of this provision of the TCJA, deferred tax assets related to capitalized research expenses increased by approximately $19.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. Given the recent history of losses, the Company determined that it could not include future projected income as a source of taxable income to realize this deferred tax asset in the future. As a result, a valuation allowance has been recorded.

At December 31, 2022, gross federal net operating losses, amounted to approximately $3.1 million. In the current year, the Company generated approximately $51.5 million of taxable income, net of utilized net operating losses of approximately $25.7 million. The remaining prior year carry forward net operating losses of approximately $3.1 million can be carried forward and are subject to annual limitations under Internal Revenue Code Section 382. Of these net operating losses, $2.7 million expire in 2038 and the remaining $0.4 million will carryforward indefinitely. Given the recent history of losses, the Company determined that it could not include future projected income as a source of taxable income to realize this deferred tax asset in the future. As a result, a valuation allowance has been recorded.

At December 31, 2022, gross state net operating loss carryforwards amounted to approximately $134.1 million. These state net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire at various dates from 2022 through 2042. Due to the uncertainty as to the Company’s ability to generate sufficient taxable income in certain states in the future along with the recent history of losses resulting in the Company excluding future projected income as a source of taxable income to realize certain of these state net operating losses in the future, a valuation allowance has been recorded.

At December 31, 2022, state income tax credit carryforwards amounted to approximately $1.1 million and begin to expire at various dates from 2022 to 2037. Due to the uncertainty as to the Company’s ability to generate sufficient taxable income in certain states in the future along with the recent history of losses resulting in the Company excluding future projected income as a source of taxable income to realize certain of these state net operating losses in the future, a valuation allowance has been recorded.

At December 31, 2022, the Company has approximately $0.2 million of foreign tax credits that it can carry forward through 2031. Given the recent history of losses, the Company determined that it could not include future projected income as a source of taxable income to realize this deferred tax asset in the future. As a result, a valuation allowance has been recorded.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company determined that a revised state filing position could be taken which would reduce the taxable income apportioned for state income tax purposes and recorded a state income tax receivable of approximately $3.0 million as a component of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets. The Company has filed amended state income tax returns for tax years 2015 and 2016 and intends to file amended state income tax returns for tax years 2017 through 2019 in order to claim these refunds.

The Company has analyzed its filing positions in all of the federal and state jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as all open tax years in these jurisdictions. Should the Company need to accrue a liability for uncertain tax benefits, any interest associated with that liability would be recorded as interest expense. Penalties, if any, would be recorded as operating expenses. A reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows:

Decreases as a Result of Tax Positions Taken in Prior Years (969) (478) (775)

Increases as a Result of Tax Positions Taken in the Current Year — — 100

There are no material penalties or interest liabilities accrued as of December 31, 2022, 2021, or 2020, nor are any material penalties or interest costs included in expense for each of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The years under which we conducted our evaluation coincided with the tax years currently still subject to examination by major federal and state tax jurisdictions, those being 2019 through 2022 for federal purposes and 2017 through 2022 for state purposes.

Pretax income (loss) from the Company’s foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $0.1 million, $(3.3) million and $(7.0) million for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The balance of pretax earnings or loss for each of those years were domestic.

Historically, we have asserted that the unremitted earnings of our foreign subsidiaries were indefinitely reinvested. However, as of December 31, 2022, we determined that we can no longer assert indefinite reinvestment on approximately $3.4 million of the unremitted earnings of Luminescent Systems Canada Inc. As a result, we have recorded a deferred tax liability of approximately $0.2 million at December 31, 2022, related to local country withholding taxes that are expected to be incurred upon ultimate repatriation of such earnings. All other foreign unremitted earnings, which total approximately $11.3 million, continue to be indefinitely reinvested. We continue to be permanently reinvested in outside basis differences other than unremitted earnings as we have no plans to liquidate or sell any foreign subsidiaries. In addition, we have not provided deferred taxes on any outside basis differences of our domestic subsidiaries as we have the ability and intent to recover these basis differences in a tax-free manner. It is not practicable to determine the amount of unrecognized deferred tax related to these basis differences.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act includes many measures to assist companies, including temporary changes to income and non-income based laws, some of which were enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”). Some of the key changes include eliminating the 80% of taxable income limitation by allowing corporate entities to fully utilize NOLs to offset taxable income in 2018, 2019 and 2020, allowing NOLs originating in 2018, 2019 and 2020 to be carried back five years, enhanced interest deductibility, and retroactively clarifying the immediate recovery of qualified improvement property costs rather than over a 39-year recovery period. As a result of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, the Company generated a significant tax loss for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was carried back under the CARES Act to recover previously paid income taxes. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded a tax benefit relating to the NOL carryback provisions and the technical correction for qualified improvement property provided for in the CARES Act of approximately $0.3 million and $1.5 million respectively. No tax benefit was recorded for the year ending December 31, 2022.

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) was signed into law on August 16, 2022. Key provisions under the IRA include a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax imposed on certain large corporations and the extension and expansion of clean energy tax incentives. There were no impacts related to the IRA recorded for the year ending December 31, 2022.

NOTE 12 — PROFIT SHARING/401K PLAN

The Company offers eligible domestic full-time employees participation in certain profit sharing/401K plans. The plans provide for a discretionary annual company contribution. In addition, employees may contribute a portion of their salary to the plans which, under certain of the profit sharing/401K plans, is partially matched by the Company. In response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, both the discretionary Company contribution and the match were temporarily suspended beginning in the second quarter of 2020. The discretionary Company contribution and, where applicable, the matching contribution, were reinstated in the fourth quarter of 2021. The plans may be amended or terminated at any time.

Total charges to income before income taxes for these plans were approximately $4.7 million, $4.3 million and $3.3 million in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company has funded the 2021 and 2022 contributions to date with treasury stock in lieu of cash and will fund the remaining 2022 contribution with treasury stock in the first quarter of 2023.

NOTE 13 — RETIREMENT PLANS AND RELATED POST RETIREMENT BENEFITS

The Company has two non-qualified supplemental retirement defined benefit plans (“SERP” and “SERP II”) for certain current and retired executive officers. The accumulated benefit obligation of the plans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 amounts to $20.5 million and $28.5 million, respectively.

The plans provide for benefits based upon average annual compensation and years of service and, in the case of SERP, there are offsets for social security and profit sharing benefits. It is the Company’s intent to fund the plans as plan benefits become payable, since no assets exist at December 31, 2022 or 2021 for either of the plans.

The Company accounts for the funded status (i.e., the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations) of its pension plans in accordance with the recognition and disclosure provisions of ASC Topic 715, Compensation, Retirement Benefits, which requires the Company to recognize the funded status in its balance sheet, with a corresponding adjustment to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”), net of tax. These amounts will be subsequently recognized as net periodic pension cost pursuant to the Company’s historical policy for amortizing such amounts. Further, actuarial gains and losses that arise in subsequent periods and are not recognized as net periodic pension cost in the same periods will be recognized as a component of AOCI. Those amounts will be subsequently recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost on the same basis as the amounts recognized in AOCI.

Unrecognized prior service costs of $1.0 million ($1.6 million net of $0.6 million in taxes) and unrecognized actuarial losses of $0.8 million ($2.4 million net of $1.6 million in taxes) are included in AOCI at December 31, 2022 and have not yet been recognized in net periodic pension cost.

The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the projected benefit obligation of the plans for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

Funded Status

Projected Benefit Obligation

In 2022, the net actuarial gain of $4.9 million is due principally to the increase of 225 basis points in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligation as of December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year. The assumptions used to calculate the projected benefit obligation as of December 31 are as follows:

ATROB US Equity

ATRO · 10-K · period ended 2022-12-31

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ATROB US Equity☆

ATRO · 10-K · period ended 2022-12-31

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ATROB US Equity