Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF ALTI GLOBAL, INC.
In this section, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “AlTi,” “we,” “us,” and “our” are intended to mean the business and operations of AlTi and its consolidated subsidiaries. The following discussion analyzes the financial condition and results of operations of AlTi and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated audited financial statements and the related notes included in this Annual Report.
Amounts and percentages presented throughout our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations may reflect rounded results in thousands (unless otherwise indicated) and consequently, totals may not appear to sum.
Our Business
We are a multi-disciplinary financial services business, with a diverse array of investment, advisory, and administrative capabilities with which we serve our clients and investors around the globe; and provide value to our shareholders. Our business is organized into two business segments: Wealth Management and Strategic Alternatives (formerly known as Asset Management):
•we manage or advise approximately $71.4 billion in combined assets as of December 31, 2023;
•in our Wealth Management segment, we provide holistic solutions for our wealth management clients through our full spectrum of wealth management services, including discretionary investment management services, non-discretionary investment advisory services, trust services, administration services, and family office services;
•in our Strategic Alternatives segment, we assist our investors with alternative investments and co-investments by providing access to highly differentiated opportunities in these areas as well as structuring and selecting partners with a proven track record in alternative asset classes, with attractive risk adjusted return characteristics.
Our business is global, with approximately 480 professionals operating in 21 cities in 10 countries across three continents as of December 31, 2023. These include approximately 80 individuals expected to depart and one country and city we expect to exit related to the pending sale of FOS and the sale of LRA, which became effective on March 5, 2024. See Note 3 (Business Combinations and Divestitures).
The services that we provide form a complementary ecosystem for our target markets of clients, investors, and businesses, many of whom share common interests and goals that we are able to connect and serve. The complementary nature of our services and a differentiated suite of capabilities positions us well for organic growth across our business lines. Our strategy includes a focus on inorganic growth through acquisitions and investments in talented managers in exchange for a share of future revenues or profits. We also believe we are well positioned to capitalize on global market trends and dynamics that we see facing our world as well as the industry, clients, investors, and businesses we serve.
Fee Structure
Consistent with offering a diverse range of services, we generate a diverse range of revenue streams across our business lines. A high-level summary of these revenue streams is set forth below.
Broadly, our revenues fall into four categories: recurring management, advisory, or administration fees; performance or incentive fees; distribution from investments and other income or fees:
•Management, advisory, and administration fees are historically more predictable across market conditions than our other revenue sources. These fees are recurring in nature (usually being annual or
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quarterly fees) and are earned from both our wealth management division from investment management, investment advisory, trusts and administration, and family office services, and also from our fund management activities associated with our internally managed funds. Added to the recurring nature of these fees, our high client retention rate in our wealth management services, and the long-term nature of our fund management fees, means that these fees are also relatively stable.
•Incentive or performance fees are comprised of both carried interest payments we earn on co-investments and annual performance or incentive fees earned in some cases from our investment management and advisory or fund management services associated with our internally managed funds. These fees, being performance related, are variable in nature and more susceptible to impact from exogenous factors. As a result, performance and incentive fees provide potential upside to our revenues in the future and, in our view, can be highly accretive to our profitability.
•Distributions from investments are generated from the equity interests we have in the three external managers pursuant to which we are entitled to distributions based on the terms of the respective arrangements. Distributions from each investment will be recorded upon receipt of the distribution. The Company receives distributions from its External Strategic Managers through our profit or revenue sharing arrangements that are generated through their management and incentive fees based on performance of the underlying investments. The management component of the distributions is recurring in nature, while the incentive portion is more susceptible to impact from exogenous factors.
•Other income or fees include transaction fees from our strategic advisory, corporate advisory, brokerage, and placement agency services. Transaction fees are generally non-recurring in nature, are typically commission based, and are payable on the successful completion of a transaction. Transactions are also susceptible to impact from exogenous factors. However, as is the case with performance and incentive fees, transaction fees provide potential upside to our revenues and, in our view, can be highly accretive to our profitability.
Wealth Management Fees
Investment management or advisory fees are the primary source of revenue in our Wealth Management segment. These fees are generally calculated on the basis of a percentage of the value of each client’s assets (AUM or AUA) and are charged using either an average daily balance or ending balance, quarterly in arrears.
AUA consists of all assets we are responsible for overseeing and reporting on, but we do not necessarily charge fees on all such assets. Billable assets represent the portion of our assets on which we charge fees. Non-billable assets are exempt of fees and consist of assets such as cash and cash equivalents in certain agreed upon situations, personally owned real estate, and other designated assets.
The fees vary depending upon the level and complexity of client assets and the services being provided. The fee typically covers the investment advisory services and basic estate and wealth planning services. The more complex estate and wealth planning services, as well as our Trustee service, and certain extended family office services, are typically billed separately, as a fixed or time-based amount.
Some clients in certain jurisdictions may also pay performance fees if their portfolio achieves returns in excess of an agreed benchmark or hurdle rate. Typically, such fees are paid annually upon crystallization and are not accrued prior to being earned.
Strategic Alternatives Fees
Fund Management Fees
We earn management fees in our Strategic Alternatives segment through our alternatives platform (compensation for internal fund management and advisory services), public real estate fund management and private real estate recurring fees. The management fees for the alternatives platform are approximately 0.75% to 1.5% of the net asset value of the funds’ underlying investments.
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Incentive Fees
TIG Arbitrage is entitled to receive incentive fees if certain performance returns have been achieved as stipulated in our governing documents.The incentive fees for TIG Arbitrage are calculated using 15% to 20% of the net profit/income. We recognize our incentive fees when it is no longer probable that a significant reversal of revenue will occur. Our incentive fees are not subject to clawback provisions.
Distributions from Investments
Distributions from investments are earned through our profit or revenue sharing arrangements with the External Strategic Managers.Our economic interests in the External Strategic Managers are as follows:
•Real Estate Bridge Lending Strategy—20.92% profit share;
•European Equities—25% revenue share; and
•Asian Credit and Special Situations—12% revenue share
Our distributions from investments from European equities and Asian credit and special situations are comprised of a management fee component and, depending on performance, an incentive fee component. Depending on the fund, the incentive fee component can range from 15% to 35% of the net profit/income, in excess of a 10% return hurdle.
Co-investment
As sponsor of private market direct and co-investment transactions, we generate income from debt and equity structures relating to specified real estate investments or investments in other alternative asset classes. Private market fees include arrangement, retainer, management, advisory, performance, acquisition, promote and other associated fees as well as interest arbitrage for debt structures. Arrangement fees are typically 50 to 100 basis points of equity value contributed into a transaction. Acquisition fees are typically payable where there are no agency fees or where there is an off-market transaction sourced by the team. Such acquisition fees are usually in the range of 50 to 100 basis points of the purchase price of the relevant acquisition. The equity structures are typically medium to long-term (three to ten years) closed-ended structures with fees normally ranging between 50 and 175 basis points of the equity value committed or drawn. The debt structure terms are generally between 12 and 36 months. The investment adviser, general partner or other entity entitled to fees in respect of each of our co-investments receives such fees either monthly, quarterly, or annually.
We may be entitled to a portion of the performance-related entitlements (such as carried interest or promote) that may be payable on exit from Co-investment transactions. Such revenues are only received if the investor hurdle (i.e. a minimum return to the investor) is reached and may include a catch-up. Carried interest entitlements are based on a percentage of the investor return above such hurdle and are set on a deal and fund basis. Typically, carried interest entitlements represent 10% to 20% of the investors’ equity internal rate of return in excess of an 8% to 15% hurdle, with no carried interest entitlement being payable if the hurdle is not met. In relation to our co-investments, a group company will typically have entered into an advisory or management agreement, or other arrangement, that entitles us to receive a share of base management fees (whether directly or through a joint venture entity) from the inception of the relevant investment or joint venture, through to exit and the liquidation of the relevant transaction vehicle, or as otherwise set out in an approved business plan. Where we have established feeder vehicles for clients, there may also be administration and advisory fees associated with those vehicles (these are earned by our trusts and administration business).
Real Estate Funds (Public and Private)
We generate income from managing and advising real estate investment funds. Our fees from managing and advising these vehicles are contained in management and advisory contracts relating to the relevant fund and are typically calculated on a sliding scale of percentages of the asset value, market capitalization or the investor capital of the relevant fund as applicable.
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Market Trends and Business Environment
Our business is directly and indirectly affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions, particularly in the U.S. and to a lesser extent in Europe, and Asia. Our business is also sensitive to current and expected interest rates, as well as the currency markets.
2023 was a strong year for stocks and bonds despite the intra-year correction. The S&P 500 and the MSCI All Country World Index increased by 26.3% and 22.8% total return, respectively, in the year, representing the strongest year since 2019. Fixed income markets performed well as bond prices rose and yields fell. Despite significant fluctuations throughout the year, the 10-year U.S. Treasury bond yields ended the year at 3.9%, almost exactly where it started. The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index increased by 5.53% in 2023, while the Barclays Global Aggregate Index increased by 5.72% over the same time frame.
The catalyst for the market rally into year-end was a broad easing of financial conditions and reversal of the factors which caused the S&P 500’s 10% intra-year correction, attributed to several factors including falling long term government bond yields, a function of the Treasury announcing a slower pace of longer-dated debt issuance, as well as a Federal Reserve guidance of to no more rate hikes and possibly three rate cuts in 2024, falling oil prices due to higher U.S. production which provided consumer relief through lower prices, as well as slowing inflation.
Our fee-based revenue streams are driven by the value of clients’ portfolio holdings, in the case of our Wealth Management segment or the performance of our varied funds and direct investments in our Strategic Alternatives segment. The overall level of revenues in these businesses, however, does not correlate completely with changes in global equity and fixed income markets.
In our Wealth Management segment, while our client portfolios are well diversified across a range of asset classes and thus are not solely impacted by changes in equities or government bonds, they benefited in the year from the strong performance in the equity and fixed income markets. Client portfolios also include holdings such as gold, credit and hedge funds that also delivered positive returns in the year. Portfolio fluctuations also depend on multiple additional factors that include, but are not limited to, the level and duration of fixed income holdings with short-term money market funds showing limited volatility over the quarter, the level of alternative and private market holdings and the geographic and industry mix of client’s equity assets. We also note that our UHNW client base generally does not need to draw down from their portfolios to support day-to-day living needs and, accordingly, is able to approach portfolio investing with a long-term time horizon. Hence, in terms of behavior, they are less sensitive to short-term changes in market conditions.
In our Strategic Alternatives segment, the majority of our fees are derived from alternative funds which are structured to have low correlation to equity and fixed income markets and in some cases benefit in times of market stress. In particular, our event-driven strategy performed well during the second half of the year. Since US GAAP only permits recognition of incentive fees when they are fully crystallized, the positive performance in the second half is reflected in the fourth quarter, when the fees were crystallized.
Rising interest rates through most of 2023 had an impact on our public and private real estate assets. The higher cost of capital environment, rising costs of construction and declining real estate prices are negatively impacting some of the real estate segments in which we operate. This has impacted the price at which the public real estate vehicle that we manage trades in the market, which saw an average decline in price of 7% in the year, but declined more than 25% mid-year, impacted the level of management fees that we earn. On the private real estate side, the more difficult market and interest rate conditions may reduce the ultimate return expected from some of these investments. It is important to note that these assets are utilized in conjunction with longer-term investment strategies and are not subject to daily market pricing.
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We do not hedge corporate currency risk associated with client portfolio and investor holdings across global markets. Hence, as we report our revenues in U.S. dollars, the translation impact from changes in the value of currencies outside the U.S. dollar can impact our results in any given financial reporting period.
Throughout the year, we made progress on our strategic initiatives to set the Company up for the future. Some of these initiatives, particularly the work to restructure and reposition certain businesses, have impacted our US GAAP earnings, but are consistent with our goal of simplifying the business with a focus on recurring revenues.
We have continued to right-size the organization, simplify our business lines, and initiate processes to reduce the number of our regulated entities, while securing important client wins and adding key revenue-generating talent. Since the beginning of the year, we have reported AUM/AUA growth amidst a volatile market environment.
We believe that the combination of our Wealth Management and Strategic Alternatives segments differentiates us from pure-play firms in both sectors and provides a growing base of recurring and diversified revenues. In the year, total AUM/AUA increased 9.8%, and within our Wealth Management segment, these have grown 18.6% since the Business Combination.
In 2023 we generated revenues of $250.9 million, 77% of which were recurring revenues. We believe these results, generated largely through organic client wins, are starting to reflect the power of our franchise, which we believe will continue to flow to an improved bottom line as we look forward to 2024.
Despite these top-line results, we are reporting a US GAAP net loss of $305.8 million for the year, primarily due to a non-cash goodwill impairment charge that is largely related to decisions taken this year to restructure or exit unprofitable transaction-oriented business lines in our Strategic Alternatives segment and the impairment of intangible and other assets. The results also include several other non-cash items that negatively impacted US GAAP earnings. Adjusted EBITDA was $28.6 million in 2023.
Despite what has been a challenging year, our core businesses are performing well. Based on the initiatives already undertaken this year and those that we embarked on in connection with the 2024 budgeting, on an organic basis, we expect operating expenses to continue to trend downward in 2024. As these cost savings and other growth initiatives take hold next year, we would expect to see the impact of operating leverage drive improvements and greater consistency in our US GAAP results and Adjusted EBITDA. In addition, we believe that we will be able to deploy the capital raised from the recently announced investments from Allianz Strategic Investments S.à.r.l. and CWC AlTi Investor LLC to make accretive investments that will benefit our GAAP results and Adjusted EBITDA in 2024. A copy of this investment agreement is included as Exhibit 10.22 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference in Form 8-K filed February 23, 2024.
Non-Comparability of Predecessor Period
Our results for the year ended 2022 reflect only the results of TWMH and do not include the results of the TIG Entities, Alvarium, or Cartesian Growth Capital. Therefore, prior period amounts are not comparable to current period. Please see “Results of Operations” and “Reconciliation of Consolidated US GAAP Financial Measures to Certain Non-US GAAP Measures” for a detailed discussion of the underlying drivers of our results, including the accretive impacts of the Business Combination.
Managing Business Performance and Key Financial Measures
Non-US GAAP Financial Measures
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA as non-US GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBITDA is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable US GAAP measure of net income (loss). Adjusted Net Income represents net income (loss) before taxes plus (a) equity-settled share-based payments, (b) transaction-related costs, including professional fees, (c) impairment of equity method
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investments, (d) change in fair value of investment or other financial instruments, (e) onetime bonuses recorded in the statement of operations, (f) compensation expense related to the earn-in of certain variable interest entities, and (g) adjusted income tax expense. Adjusted EBITDA represents adjusted net income plus (a) interest expense, net, (b) income tax expense, (c) adjusted income tax expense less income tax expense, and (d) depreciation and amortization expense.
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA as non-US GAAP measures to track our performance and assess our ability to service our borrowings. These non-US GAAP financial measures supplement and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of, the results of operations, which are discussed further under “Components of Consolidated Results of Income” and are prepared in accordance with US GAAP. For the specific components and calculations of these non-US GAAP measures, as well as a reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable measure in accordance with US GAAP, see “Reconciliation of Consolidated US GAAP Financial Measures to Certain Non-US GAAP Measures.”
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The following tables present the non-US GAAP financial measures for the periods indicated:
For the Period Favorable (Unfavorable)
Revenues
Stock based compensation - Legacy (b) 24,697 — 24,697
Change in fair value of warrant liability (d) 12,866 — 12,866
Change in fair value of gains on investments (e) (4,451) (247) (4,204)
Change in fair value of earn-out liability (f) (31,126) — (31,126)
Losses on EMI/Carried Interest (non-cash) (j) 5,017 — 5,017
EMI Adjustments (Interest, Depreciation, Taxes & Amortization) (k) 2,889 — 2,889
Holbein compensatory earn-in (l) — 1,858 (1,858)
TWMH Partner's payout right (m) — 3,662 (3,662)
TIH Share Purchase extinguishment of debt (n) — 1,019 (1,019)
(a)Add-back of non-cash expense related to awards of Class A Common stock (approved post-transaction).
(b)Add-back of non-cash expense related to awards of Class A Common stock (approved pre-transaction).
(c)Add-back of transaction expenses related to the Business Combination, including professional fees.
(d)Represents the change in fair value of the warrant liability.
(e)Represents the change in unrealized gains/losses related primarily to Investments held at fair value and changes in fair value of the TRA liability (Successor) and changes in fair value to the interest rate swap (Predecessor).
(f)Represents the change in fair value of the earn-out liability.
(g)Represents cost to implement organization change to derive cost synergy.
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(h)Represents impairment of intangible asset associated with the deconsolidation of AHRA of $29.4 million, impairment of LRA of $23.5 million, impairment of equity method investments of $15.6 million and amortization of carried interest of $4.1 million.
(i)Represents the impairment of goodwill.
(j)Represents the amortization of the step-up in equity method investments.
(k)Represents reported interest, depreciation, amortization, and tax adjustments of the Company's equity method investments.
(l)Add-back of cash portion of the compensatory earn-ins related to the Holbein acquisition as discussed in Note 5, “Equity-Based Compensation.” The $0.8 million of compensatory earn-ins is settled in 50% equity and 50% cash. Add-back of equity portion of compensatory earn-ins of $0.4 million is included in the equity settled share-based payments combined earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) adjustment.
(m)Represents the change in the TWMH partner’s payout related to the Business Combination.
(n)Represents forgiveness of a promissory note of a certain shareholder of TIH upon the sale of his shares in TIH to TWMH.
Operating Metrics
We monitor certain operating metrics that are common to the wealth and asset management industry, which are discussed below.
AlTi Global, Inc.AUM: $39.5 billionAUA: $71.4 billion
Wealth Management - AUM
AUM refers to the market value of all assets that we manage, provide discretionary investment advisory services on, and have execution responsibility for. Although we have investment responsibility for AUM, we include both billable (assets charged fees) and non-billable assets (assets exempt of fees) in our AUM calculation (e.g., we have agreements with certain clients under which we do not bill on certain securities or cash and cash equivalents held within their portfolio). AUM includes the value of all assets managed or supervised by operating partner subsidiaries, affiliates, and joint ventures in which the Company holds either a majority or minority stake. Our calculations of AUM and AUA may differ from the calculation methodologies of other wealth managers and, as a result, this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other wealth managers.
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The table below presents the change in our total AUM for our Wealth Management segment for the periods indicated:
(Dollars in Millions) For the Period
Wealth Management - AUA
AUA includes all assets we manage as defined above, oversee, and report on. We view AUA as a core metric to measure our investment and fundraising performance as it includes non-financial assets (e.g., real estate) that are not included in AUM, investment consulting assets (not included in AUM but revenue generating) and other assets that we do not charge fees upon and do not have responsibility for investment execution responsibility, but the reporting of which is valued by our clients. AUA includes the value of all assets managed or supervised by operating partner subsidiaries, affiliates, and joint ventures in which the Company holds either a majority or minority stake. Our calculations of AUA and AUM may differ from the calculation methodologies of other wealth managers and, as a result, this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other wealth managers.
The table below presents the change in our total AUA for our Wealth Management segment for the periods indicated:
(Dollars in Millions) For the Period
Strategic Alternatives - AUM/AUA
The Company’s Strategic Alternatives AUM/AUA includes the following:
•Assets managed by the Alternatives platform, including by TIG Arbitrage (AUM $2.4 billion) and the External Strategic Managers (AUA $5.3 billion);
•Co-investment real estate advisory services, where we include the value of our private market direct and co-investment real estate investments (AUA $10.1 billion); and
•Assets managed in both public and private real estate investment funds (AUM $2.6 billion) from which we generate fee revenue. The Company’s reported value of these assets are either the net asset value or the market capitalization of the fund.
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The tables below present the change in our total AUM/AUA by strategy and product for our alternatives platform for the periods indicated:
Alternatives Platform
External Strategic Managers:
The table below presents the change in our total AUM/AUA for our Real Estate - Public and Private funds for our Strategic Alternatives segment for the periods indicated:
For the Period
(Dollars in Millions) As of January 1 – December 31, 2023 (Successor)
Beginning Balance: $ 14,130
* AUA is reported with a one quarter lag for HLIF as management fees are billed on that basis.
Components of Consolidated Results of Income
Revenues
Management/Advisory Fees
For services provided to each client account, the Company charges investment management, custody, and/or trustee fees based on the fair value of the assets of such account (“management/advisory fees”). The Company invoices clients based on the terms outlined in the signed customer contract (e.g., quarterly in arrears or in advance) based on the fair market value or net asset value. For those assets for which valuations are not available on a daily basis, the most recent valuation provided to the Company is used as the fair value for the purpose of calculating the quarterly fee.
The customer exchanges consideration to obtain services that are the output of the Company’s ordinary activities, which are investment management services provided to each client account. Further, none of the scope exceptions under ASC 606-10-15-2 apply to the management/advisory fees; therefore, they are in the scope of ASC 606.
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Incentive Fees
The Company is entitled to receive incentive fees if certain targeted returns have been achieved as stipulated in its customer contracts. The incentive fees are generally calculated using 15% to 20% of the net profit its customers earn. Incentive fees are generally calculated and recognized when it is probable that there will be no significant reversal.
Distributions from Investments
The Company has equity interests in three entities pursuant to which it is entitled to distributions based on the terms of the respective arrangements. Distributions from each investment will be recorded upon receipt of the distribution. The Company receives distributions from External Strategic Managers through profit or revenue sharing arrangements that are generated through management and incentive fees based on performance of the underlying investments.
Other fees
The Company generates arrangement fees in its co-investment division by arranging private debt or equity financing, generally in connection with an acquisition. Arrangement fees range from 0.5% to 1.75% of the equity value contributed into a transaction and are payable upon close of the deal. The Company also generates brokerage fees which are similar to arrangement fees except that they are generally paid for assisting public companies in raising capital.
Expenses
Compensation and Employee Benefits: Compensation generally includes salaries, bonuses, other performance-based compensation such as commissions, long-term deferral programs, benefits, and payroll taxes. Compensation is accrued over the related service period and long-term deferral program awards are paid out based on the various vesting dates.
General, Administrative and Other Expenses: General, administrative and other expenses include costs primarily related to professional services, occupancy, travel, communication and information services, distribution costs, and other general operating items.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses: Fixed assets are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis, with the corresponding depreciation and amortization expense included within depreciation and amortization in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. The estimated useful life for leasehold improvements is the lesser of the remaining lease term or the life of the asset, while other fixed assets are generally depreciated over a period of three to fifteen years.
Interest Expense: Interest expense consists of the interest expense on our outstanding debt, amortization of deferred financing costs, and amortization of original issue discount.
Income Tax Expense: Income tax expense consists of taxes paid or payable by our consolidated operating subsidiaries. Certain of our subsidiaries are treated as flow-through entities for federal income tax purposes and, accordingly, are not subject to federal and state income taxes, as such taxes are the responsibility of certain direct and indirect owners of the flow-through entities. However, the flow-through entities are subjected to unincorporated business tax (“UBT”) and other state taxes. A portion of our operations is conducted through domestic and foreign corporations that are subject to corporate level taxes and for which we record current and deferred income taxes at the prevailing rates in the various jurisdictions in which these entities operate.
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Results of Operations
As a result of the Business Combination, the previous year figures are not comparable to current year amounts as prior year figures only include the results of operations of TWMH.
Consolidated Results of Operations – For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2022
For the Period Favorable (Unfavorable)
Revenues
Expenses
Revenue
Management/Advisory fees. The increase in management and advisory fees during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven primarily by a $108.0 million increase in revenue from the inclusion of TIG and Alvarium post-Business Combination.
Incentive fees. The increase in incentive fees during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by a $43.4 million accretive impact of the inclusion of Alvarium and TIG’s incentive fees post-Business Combination.
Distributions from investments. The increase in distributions from investments during during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by a $17.2 million accretive impact of the inclusion of TIG’s distributions from investments post-Business Combination. Such impact included $9.5 million of revenue and profit share generated from management fees from External Strategic Managers, which are recurring in nature. The impact also includes distributions from shares of incentive fees crystallized from these managers.
Other fees / income. The increase in other fees / income during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by a $5.5 million accretive impact of the inclusion of Alvarium’s other fees / income post Business Combination.
Expenses
Compensation Expense. The increase in compensation expense during during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 of $152.8 million was primarily driven by increased compensation and benefits costs as a result of higher headcount following the Business Combination. Results
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for the year endedDecember 31, 2023 include $46.1 million of non-cash stock based compensation related to both legacy TWMH and Alvarium incentive plans as well as the issuance of AlTi equity.
Non-compensation Expense. The increase in non-compensation expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 of $332.1 million includes a $206.5 million impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets,$42.8 million of expenses related to the Business Combination, primarily for professional services fees, a $12.9 million loss related to the exchange of warrants into common stock and $14.5 million in interest expense on the Company’s debt facility. These expenses were partially offset by a $31.1 million gain related to the change in fair value of earn-out liabilities as a result of share price changes.
Taxes
The Company's effective tax rate was 3.3% for year ended December 31, 2023 compared to (9.6)% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The difference in the effective tax rate is primarily driven by the legal entity organizational changes which occurred on account of the Business Combination, the tax impact of mark-to-market losses associated with contingent liabilities and equity consideration in the Business Combination, nondeductible professional fees incurred in connection with the Business Combination, and the impact of a forecasted valuation allowance with respect to deferred tax assets generated in the Company’s subsidiaries in the U.K.
Reconciliation of Consolidated US GAAP Financial Measures to Certain Non-US GAAP Measures
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA as non-US GAAP measures to assess and track our performance. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA as presented in this Annual Report are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, US GAAP.
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The following tables present the reconciliation of net income as reported in our Consolidated Statement of Operations to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated:
For the Period
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA
Change in fair value of warrant liability (d) 6,433 6,433 12,866 —
(Gains)/Losses on EMI/Carried Interest (non-cash) (j) 5,017 — 5,017 —
Holbein compensatory earn-in (l) — — — 1,858
TWMH Partner’s payout right (m) — — — 3,662
TIH Share Purchase extinguishment of debt (n) — — — 1,019
Adjusted income tax (expense) benefit (5,085) 98 (4,987) —
(a)Add-back of non-cash expense related to awards of Class A Common stock (approved post-transaction).
(b)Add-back of non-cash expense related to awards of Class A Common stock (approved pre-transaction).
(c)Add-back of transaction expenses related to the Business Combination, including professional fees.
(d)Represents the change in fair value of the warrant liability.
(e)Represents the change in unrealized gains/losses related primarily to Investments held at fair value and changes in fair value of the TRA liability (Successor) and changes in fair value to the interest rate swap (Predecessor).
(f)Represents the change in fair value of the earn-out liability.
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(g)Represents cost to implement organization change to derive cost synergy.
(h)Represents impairment of intangible asset associated with the deconsolidation of AHRA of $29.4 million, impairment of LRA of $23.5 million, impairment of equity method investments of $15.6 million and amortization of carried interest of $4.1 million.
(i)Represents the impairment of goodwill.
(j)Represents the amortization related to the step-up in equity method investments.
(k)Represents reported interest, depreciation, amortization, and tax adjustments of the Company's equity method investments.
(l)Add-back of cash portion of the compensatory earn-ins related to the Holbein acquisition as discussed in Note 5, (Equity-Based Compensation). The $3.7 million of compensatory earn-ins is settled in 50% equity and 50% cash. Add-back of equity portion of compensatory earn-ins of $1.9 million is included in the equity settled share-based payments combined EBITDA adjustment.
(m)Represents the change in the TWMH partner’s payout related to the Business Combination.
(n)Represents forgiveness of a promissory note of a certain shareholder of TIH upon the sale of his shares in TIH to TWMH.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Management assesses liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund operating, investing, and financing activities. Management takes prudent approach to ensure the Company's liquidity will continue to be sufficient for its foreseeable working capital needs, contractual obligations, distribution payments and strategic initiatives.
On January 3, 2023, concurrent with the consummation of the Business Combination, the Company entered into a $250.0 million credit facility with a syndicate led by BMO Capital Markets Corp. The facility, which has a term of five years and is comprised of a $150.0 million revolving credit facility and a $100 million term loan facility, was to be used to pay down subsidiary debt, to fund growth initiatives and for working capital. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $95.0 million outstanding on the Term Loan facility and $93.8 million outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility. See Note 15 (Debt, net of unamortized deferred financing costs).
As a result of the Business Combination, the previous year figures are not comparable to current year amounts as prior year figures only include the results of operations of Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings, LLC.
Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2022
The following tables and discussion summarize our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows by activity attributable to AlTi. Negative amounts represent an outflow or use of cash.
For the Period Favorable (unfavorable)
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For the year ended December 31, 2023, cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period of $194.1 million included the proceeds from the PIPE Investors related to the issuance of shares of Class A Common Stock concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination, remaining cash held in the trust account, and the beginning balance sheet cash from each of Alvarium, TIG, and TWMH.
Operating Activities
Our cash inflows from operating activities comprise of cash collected through management and advisory fees, incentive fees, distributions from investments and other income/fees. Our cash outflows from operating activities consist of operating expenses, the most significant components of which included compensation and benefits and professional fees for the year ended December 31, 2023. Our operating net cash outflow of $81.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 was driven by the payment of fees related to the business combination. the payout of 2022 incentive compensation and other operating expenses.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities primarily related to the acquisition of TWMH and TIG historical equity during the year ended December 31, 2023. Additionally, the Company made incremental investments of $12.0 million and $3.4 million into Zebedee and Arkkan, respectively, an acquisition of AL Wealth Partners for $14.4 million and the remaining 70% acquisition of AWMS for $4.4 million.
Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2023 were primarily driven by issuance of the Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility totaling $188.7 million, which were used to pay down existing debt of $141.9 million. Additionally, we used approximately $4.2 million to purchase shares issued as compensation and received $5.8 million from the exercise of warrants.
Future Sources and Uses of Liquidity
In the normal course of business, we may engage in off-balance sheet arrangements, including transactions in derivatives, guarantees, commitments, indemnifications, and potential contingent repayment obligations. We do not have any off-financial position arrangements that would require us to fund losses or guarantee target returns to clients.
Contractual Obligations
Tax Receivable Agreement
As discussed in Note 20 (Commitments and Contingencies) to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report, we may in the future be required to make payments under the TRA.
Pursuant to the TRA, the Company will pay certain parties to the Business Combination 85% of certain tax benefits, if any, that it realizes (or in certain cases is deemed to realize) as a result of any increase in tax basis of the assets of Alvarium Tiedemann related to the Business Combination.
Amounts payable under the TRA are contingent upon (i) the generation of taxable income over the life of the TRA, (ii) the tax rates in effect as of time periods in which tax benefits are used, and (iii) certain terms governing the rate of interest to be applied to payments under the TRA.
As of December 31, 2023, the liability associated with the TRA was approximately $17.6 million and consisted entirely of a liability recorded under ASC 805 associated with the Business Combination, and as such, is presented at fair value through the discount of future anticipated payments. Payments under the TRA that are on account of liabilities arising in connection with the Business Combination are revalued at the end of each reporting period with the gain or loss recognized in earnings.
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In connection with the TRA, certain parties to the Business Combination who received Class B Units in Umbrella have the ability to exchange Class B Units in Umbrella for shares of Class A Common Stock in the Company. Class B Paired Interests may be exchanged for Class A Common Stock on a 1:1 exchange basis. These exchanges are anticipated to be treated as taxable exchanges which may provide an increase in the tax basis of the assets of the Company and therefore provide for additional payments under the TRA. TRA liabilities that are generated on account of future exchanges will be recorded under ASC 450, Contingencies. On August 31, 2023, holders of Class B Units exchanged 1,813,248 Class B Paired Interests to the Company, in exchange for shares of Class A Common Stock on a 1:1 basis totaling an amount equal to $7.31 multiplied by the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock received at the time of the transaction.
Payments under the TRA will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired unless (i) the Company exercises its right to terminate the TRA and pays recipients an amount representing the present value of the remaining payments, (ii) there is a change of control or (iii) the Company breaches any of the material obligations of the TRA, in which case all obligations will generally be accelerated and due as if the Company had exercised its right to terminate the TRA. In each case, if payments are accelerated, such payments will be based on certain assumptions, including that the Company will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions.
The estimate of the timing and amount of future payments under the TRA involves several assumptions that do not account for the significant uncertainties associated with those potential payments, including an assumption that the Company will have sufficient taxable income in the relevant tax years to utilize the tax benefits that would give rise to an obligation to make payments.
As of December 31, 2023, assuming no material changes in the relevant tax laws and that the Company generates sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization resulting from the increase in tax basis of certain of AlTi’s assets, we expect to pay approximately $17.6 million under the TRA. Future changes in the fair value of the TRA liability will be recognized in earnings. Any future cash savings and related payments under the TRA due to subsequent exchanges of Class B Units for shares of Class A Common Stock would be accounted for separately from the amount related to the Business Combination.
Warrants
Prior to the Business Combination, the Company issued warrants to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. Throughout the period from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023, 428,626 Warrants were exercised. On April 3, 2023, 78,864 Warrants were exercised. On June 7, 2023, the Company closed an offer and consent solicitation and entered into a warrant amendment, pursuant to which the remaining 19,892,387 Warrants were exchanged for 4,962,147 shares of Class A Common Stock. The exercises and exchanges throughout the period from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023 resulted in an increase in Additional Paid-in-Capital amount of $29.5 million. Following the exchanges, none of the Warrants were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.
Business Combination Earn-out
Under the terms of the Business Combination, upon Closing, the Sponsor and the selling shareholders of TWMH, TIG, and Alvarium became entitled to receive earn-out shares contingent on various share price milestones. Additionally, upon a change of control of the Company, the share price milestones will be deemed to have been met and all the Business Combination Earn-out Securities will be payable to the earn-out holders. The earn-out shares are precluded from being considered indexed to the Company’s own stock and are recognized as a liability at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of the earn-out shares was $62.4 million. See Note 2 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) for additional detail.
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AWMS Earn-out Liability
On August 2, 2023, the Company acquired the remaining 70% of the issued and outstanding ownership and membership interests of AWMS, increasing its interest from 30% to 100%. The AWMS Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and the fair value of the total purchase consideration transferred was $16.8 million. The total purchase consideration transferred consists of cash consideration, equity consideration, deferred cash consideration, earn-out consideration, (or AWMS earn-out liability), and the payment of assumed liabilities. As of December 31, 2023, the AWMS earn-out liability of $1.1 million is reported in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Since the AWMS earn-out liability meets the definition of a derivative, it is recorded at fair value as a derivative liability on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and measured at fair value at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value to be recognized in Gain (loss) on earn-out liability in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and in Fair value of earn-out liability in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in the period of change.
Indemnification Arrangements
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain indemnities for related parties of the Company, persons acting on behalf of the Company or such related parties and third parties. The terms of the indemnities vary from contract to contract and the Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements cannot be determined and has not been recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these contracts and expects the risk of material loss to be remote.
Litigation
From time to time, we may be named as a defendant in legal or regulatory actions. Although there can be no assurance of the outcome of such matters, management’s current assessment is that no loss contingency reserve is required to be recorded as of December 31, 2023 for any potential liability related to any current legal or regulatory proceeding or claim that would individually or in the aggregate materially affect our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
Home REIT is a real estate investment trust company listed on the London Stock Exchange. AFM UK was its alternative investment fund manager (“AIFM”) until August 21, 2023 and AHRA was its investment adviser until June 30, 2023. AFM UK is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. AHRA was owned by ARE (another wholly owned subsidiary of the Company) up until December 30, 2022, when it was sold. AlTi was formed on January 3, 2023, through a business combination transaction that included certain legacy Alvarium companies, including AFM UK. While the sale of AHRA occurred prior to the Business Combination, under GAAP, its results were required to be consolidated in our financial statements until June 30, 2023, when it was deconsolidated. For UK regulatory purposes, up until June 30, 2023, AHRA was permitted to perform certain limited regulated activities as an “appointed representative” of its regulated principal firm, ARE (which is authorized and regulated by the UK FCA).
Since November 2022, Home REIT and AHRA have been the subject of a series of allegations in the UK media regarding Home REIT’s operations, triggered by a report issued by a short seller. Home REIT’s stock price fell materially as a result and its shares are currently suspended from trading. Following the publication of the short seller report, a UK law firm announced that it was seeking current and former shareholders of Home REIT to potentially bring claims in connection with the allegations. The announcement states that claims will likely be brought against Home REIT itself, its directors, and AFM UK.
On October 6, 2023, a pre-action letter of claim was received by, among others, AFM UK and ARE asserting potential claims against those entities relating to the above matters (a pre-action letter of claim is required to be sent by a claimant to a potential defendant under the Practice Direction on Pre-Action Protocols and Conduct contained in the United Kingdom’s Ministry of Justice Civil Procedure Rules prior to a claimant commencing litigation in the UK). The pre-action letter was sent by a law firm acting on behalf of a group of current and
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former shareholders in Home REIT. The pre-action letter does not provide details of amounts being claimed from any of the potential defendants (whether jointly or severally), and it is not possible at this point in time for us to reliably assess what the quantum of such claims might be, or AFM UK’s and ARE’s potential exposure, though they may potentially be material to the Company. If any litigation or other action is commenced against AFM UK and/or ARE, we intend to defend ourselves in any such matters vigorously. However, if any claims were commenced, we would anticipate that such claims may involve complex questions of law and fact and we may incur significant legal expenses in defending such litigation.
HLIF is a private fund which pursues a similar investment strategy to Home REIT. In the period from June 30, 2022 to December 31, 2023, the estimated value of its underlying real estate investment portfolio declined by approximately 50%, primarily due to a decrease in the timely collection of rents on the underlying portfolio, but also due to higher interest rates and other macro-economic factors. HLIF is managed by AFM UK as its AIFM and ‘authorized corporate director’ and is advised by SHIA. Like AHRA, SHIA was permitted to perform certain limited regulated activities as an “appointed representative” of its regulated principal firm, ARE.
In February 2024, the UK FCA commenced investigations into the historic performance of certain group entities, in their services to Home REIT and/or HLIF, and whether they breached certain civil or criminal regulatory rules and/or principles. The investigations are focused primarily on whether any false or misleading statements were made in relation to Home REIT and/or HLIF and/or whether these group entries breached other FCA rules and/or principles. The commencement of the investigations does not mean that the UK FCA has determined that any such breaches have occurred. However, it is possible that the UK FCA may determine that certain breaches have occurred and it may seek to impose financial penalties or other outcomes on one or more group entities, that may potentially be material to the Company. We intend to cooperate fully with the UK FCA as it conducts the investigations. We are not able to estimate how long it might take for the UK FCA to complete such investigations, but it is possible that the investigations may continue for a prolonged period, potentially over several years.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP. In applying many of these accounting principles, we need to make assumptions, estimates, and/or judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses in our consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions, estimates, and/or judgments, however, are both subjective and subject to change, and actual results may differ from our assumptions and estimates. Actual results may also differ from our estimates and judgments due to risks and uncertainties and changing circumstances, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to geopolitical tensions, changes in market conditions, or other relevant factors.If actual amounts are ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual amounts become known. For a summary of our significant accounting policies and estimates, see Note 2 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies), to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report.
Estimation of Fair Values
Investments at Fair Value – External Strategic Managers: The fair values of our Investments in External Strategic Managers were determined using significant unobservable inputs. The assumptions used could have a material impact on the valuation of these assets and include our best estimates of expected future cash flows and an appropriate discount rate. Changes in the estimated fair values of these assets may have a material impact on our results of operations in any given period, as any decreases in these assets have a corresponding negative impact on our US GAAP results of operations in the period in which the changes occur.
TRA Liability: We carry a portion of our TRA liability at fair value, as it is a contingent consideration related to the Business Combination. The valuation of the TRA liability is sensitive to our expectation of future cash savings that we may ultimately realize related to our tax goodwill and other intangible assets deductions. We then apply a discount rate that we believe is appropriate given the nature of and expected timing of payments of
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the liability. A decrease in the discount rate assumption would result in an increase in the fair value estimate of the liability, which would have a correspondingly negative impact on our US GAAP results of operations. However, payments under the TRA are ultimately only made to the extent we realize the offsetting cash savings on our income taxes due to the tax goodwill and other intangibles deduction.
Business Combination Earn-out Liability and AWMS Earn-out Liability: The fair values of our Business Combination Earn-out Securities liability and our AWMS earn-out liability were determined using various significant unobservable inputs. The assumptions used could have a material impact on the valuation of these liabilities, and include our best estimate of expected volatility, expected holding periods and appropriate discounts for lack of marketability. Changes in the estimated fair values of these liabilities may have material impacts on our results of operations in any given period, as any increases in these liabilities have a corresponding negative impact on our US GAAP results of operations in the period in which the changes occur. See Note 2 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) for additional details.
Equity-based Compensation: The Company issued stock grants to certain employees as bonus compensation. The fair value of the grants was determined based on the share price on the date of issuance.
Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in Business Combinations: The determination of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations involves significant judgment and estimation. We utilize various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow approach and market approach, to assess the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities. These valuation methodologies incorporate assumptions regarding future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, useful lives of assets, market multiples, and the realization of tax assets. Additionally, we allocate the purchase price consideration among identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, considering any contingent consideration. The realization of tax assets is assessed based on historical performance, future taxable income projections, and applicable tax laws and regulations. Uncertainties and contingencies inherent in the fair value measurement process are carefully evaluated and disclosed as appropriate to ensure transparency in our financial reporting.
Fair Value of Reporting Units for Goodwill Impairment Testing: In assessing goodwill impairment, we determine the fair value of reporting units using established valuation methodologies, primarily the discounted cash flow approach and market approach. The income approach involves discounting future cash flows generated by the reporting units, considering key assumptions such as revenue growth rates, discount rates, terminal value calculations, and market multiples. Goodwill is allocated to reporting units, and impairment is evaluated by comparing the carrying amount of goodwill to the fair value of the reporting units. We conduct regular assessments for triggering events or changes in circumstances that may necessitate goodwill impairment testing. These disclosures ensure stakeholders understand the methodologies, assumptions, and sensitivities involved in our goodwill impairment testing process.
We conduct sensitivity analyses on key inputs and assumptions used in fair value measurements and critical accounting estimates to assess the potential impact on financial results. Changes in assumptions, such as discount rates, growth rates, or market multiples, are carefully evaluated to understand their effect on the fair value of assets, liabilities, or reporting units. Our sensitivity analysis considers a range of potential outcomes and their implications on financial reporting. Mitigating factors and risk management strategies are employed to address uncertainties and enhance the reliability of our financial disclosures. These disclosures provide stakeholders with insight into the robustness of our valuation methodologies and the degree of uncertainty inherent in our financial reporting process.
Income Taxes
Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and in evaluating income tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties. We recognize the income tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation, based on the technical merits of the positions. The tax benefit is measured as the largest amount of benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a
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tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained, then no benefits of the position are recognized. The Company’s income tax positions are reviewed and evaluated quarterly to determine whether or not we have uncertain tax positions that require financial statement recognition or de-recognition.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences, using currently enacted tax rates, of differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Variable Interest Entities
The determination of whether to consolidate a VIE under US GAAP requires a significant amount of judgment concerning the degree of control over an entity by its holders of variable interests. To make these judgments, we conduct an analysis, on a case-by-case basis, of whether we are the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate an entity. We continually reconsider whether we should consolidate a VIE. Upon the occurrence of certain events, such as modifications to organizational documents and investment management agreements of our products, we will reconsider our conclusion regarding the status of an entity as a VIE. Our judgement when analyzing the status of an entity and whether we consolidate an entity could have a material impact on individual line items within our consolidated financial statements, as a change in our conclusion would have the effect of grossing up the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of the entity being evaluated. In light of the relevantly insignificant direct and indirect investments into our products, the likelihood of a reasonable change in our estimation and judgement would likely not result in a change in our conclusions to consolidate or not consolidate any VIEs to which we have exposure.
Impact of Changes in Accounting on Recent and Future Trends
We believe that none of the changes to US GAAP that went into effect during the year ended December 31, 2023, or that have been issued but that we have not yet adopted have substantively impacted our recent trends or are expected to substantively impact our future trends.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Under SEC rules and guidance, an issuer that no longer qualifies as a smaller reporting company at the determination date (the last day of the second fiscal quarter of such issuer) may continue to use the scaled disclosures permitted for a smaller reporting company through its annual report on Form 10-K and begin providing non-scaled larger company disclosure in the first Form 10-Q of the next fiscal year. Although we are filing as an accelerated filer, we are allowed to continue reporting as a smaller reporting company in this Form 10-K. As such, we are not required to provide information under this Item.
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Item 8. Financial Statements
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors
AlTi Global, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of financial position of AlTi Global, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company, prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings) as of December 31, 2023 (Successor) and 2022 (Predecessor), the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2023 (Successor period) and for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2022 (Predecessor periods), and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the results of its operations and its cash flows for the Successor and Predecessor periods, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
New Basis of Accounting
As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 3, 2023, the Company entered into a business combination which, for convenience purposes, it has been presented as if it closed on January 1, 2023. As a result of the transaction, the consolidated financial information for the period after the transaction is presented on a different cost basis than that for the periods before the transaction and, therefore, is not comparable.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2000.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
March 22, 2024
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
Assets
Other receivable, net — 5,167
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization 435,677 20,578
Assets held for sale 56,634 —
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 36,804 $ 8,073
Accrued compensation and profit sharing 57,466 15,660
Accrued member distributions payable 7,271 11,422
Earn-out liability, at fair value 63,444 —
TRA liability (includes $13,233 and $0 at fair value, respectively) 17,607 —
Delayed share purchase agreement 1,818 1,818
Earn-in consideration payable 1,830 1,519
Debt, net of unamortized deferred financing cost 186,353 21,187
Deferred tax liability, net 14,109 82
Deferred income 66 —
Liabilities held for sale 13,792 —
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)
Shareholders' Equity
Additional paid-in capital 523,255 —
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) (190,552) —
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 9,222 (1,077)
Total AlTi Global, Inc. shareholders' equity 341,932 17,533
Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries 446,094 320
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 1,266,567 $ 91,989
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Table of Contents
AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Operations
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
For the Period
Revenue
Distributions from investments 17,185 — —
Other income/fees 5,494 — —
Operating Expenses
Other Income (Expenses)
Impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets (206,507) — —
Loss on TRA (233) — —
Loss on warrant liability (12,866) — —
Gain on earnout liability 31,104 — —
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments 21,036 (1,077) —
Other comprehensive loss (764) — —
Net (Loss) Income Per Share
Weighted Average Shares of Class A Common Stock Outstanding
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Table of Contents
AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Cancellation of AHRA call option — — — — — — — 154 154
Other comprehensive income — — — — — — (420) (344) (764)
Payment for partner’s tax — — — — (998) — — — (998)
Measurement period adjustment — — — — (635) — — (118) (753)
Share based compensation — — — — 7,937 — — — 7,937
Issuance of shares for business combination 339,967 — — — 2,058 — — — 2,058
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Table of Contents
AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period — — — (1,077) — (1,077)
Non-controlling interest shareholders' equity — — — — 581 581
Reallocation of book capital as a result of member transactions (1) 1 — — — —
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period — — — — — —
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
For the Period
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing costs 927 — —
Unrealized (gain) loss on investments 15,616 97 (51)
Impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets 206,507 — —
Gain (loss) on TRA 233 — —
Gain (loss) on Earn-in — 221 —
(Income) loss on equity method investments 3,019 (33) 3,050
Restricted unit compensation — 2,365 5,532
Fair value of warrant liability 12,866 — —
Fair value of earn-out liability (31,104) — —
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense (12,387) (101) (93)
Equity-settled share-based payments 36,749 — —
Unrealized foreign currency (gains)/losses 587 — —
(Gain) loss from retirement of debt (73) — —
Forgiveness of debt shareholder loan — 619 —
Forgiveness of debt of notes receivable from members 261 263 —
Fair value of interest rate swap 33 (276) (178)
Cash flows due to changes in operating assets and liabilities
Operating cash flow from operating leases 7,147 618 —
Payable to equity method investees — — (298)
Other operating activities (248) — —
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (81,706) 6,858 18,885
(Continued on the following page)
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Table of Contents
AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
(Continued from the previous page) For the Period
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Cash acquired from consolidation of variable interest entity — 471 6
Cash payment for acquisition of TWMH and TIG historical equity (99,999) — —
Receipt of payments of notes receivable from members 226 428 —
Cash receipts from the repayment of advances and loans 601 — —
Purchases of equity method investments — — (1,236)
Distributions from investments — 4 37
Purchase of TIH shares — (382) —
Purchase of Holbein — (8,097) —
Loss on assets acquired — — 146
Payment of Payout Right (760) — —
Acquisition of AWMS, net of cash acquired (4,383) — —
Acquisition of AL Wealth Partners, net of cash acquired (14,430) — —
Sale of fixed assets 8 — —
Purchases of fixed assets (630) (156) (2)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (132,947) (7,229) (2,485)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payments of debt issuance costs (2,586) — —
Increase (decrease) in distributions due to former TIG members (14,199) — —
Cash receipts from exercise of Warrants 5,836 — —
Dividends paid to former owners of AWMS and ALWP (3,372) — —
Payments on promissory notes — — (2,786)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 36,019 (345) (11,928)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 2,793 (193)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 194,086 8,040 3,568
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period $ 18,245 $ 7,131 $ 8,040
Reconciliation of balance sheet cash and cash equivalents to cash flows:
Cash and cash equivalents on balance sheet $ 15,348 $ 7,131 $ 8,040
(Continued on the following page)
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
(Continued from the previous page) For the Period
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash Paid During the Period for:
Interest payments on term notes and lines of credit 14,079 622 298
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing activities:
Non-cash purchase of equity method investment $ — $ — $ 298
Non-cash delayed share purchase agreement $ — $ 1,818 $ —
Supplemental disclosure of noncash financing activities:
Non-cash equity issuance $ — $ — $ 2,505
Non-cash repurchase of units with notes payable $ — $ — $ 6
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
(1) Description of the Business
AlTi Global, Inc. is a multi-disciplinary financial services business, with a diverse array of investment, advisory, and administrative capabilities. The Company is a global organization that manages or advises approximately $71.4 billion in combined assets as of December 31, 2023. The Company provides holistic solutions for wealth management clients through a full spectrum of wealth management services, including discretionary investment management services, non-discretionary investment advisory services, trust services, administration services, and family office services. It also structures, arranges, and provides a network of investors with co-investment opportunities in a variety of alternative assets which are either managed intra-group or by carefully selected managers in the relevant asset class. The Company manages and advises both public and private investment funds.
Amounts disclosed throughout this document for the year ended December 31, 2023, relate to AlTi Global, Inc., the Successor in the Business Combination. Amounts disclosed throughout this document for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 relate to TWMH, the Predecessor company. Although the Business Combination closed on January 3, 2023, for convenience purposes, it has been presented as if it closed on January 1, 2023. Based on the Company’s quantitative and qualitative assessment, the amounts related to the period from January 1 through January 2, 2023, are not material to either the Predecessor periods or the Successor period. Due to the Business Combination and the conforming of significant accounting policies, the results of operations, cash flows, and other financial information for the Successor Period are not comparable to the Predecessor periods.
Business Combination
The Company was initially incorporated in the Cayman Islands as Cartesian Growth Capital, a special purpose acquisition company. In anticipation of the Business Combination:
•The holders of the equity of the TIG Entities contributed their TWMH and TIG equity to Umbrella making TWMH and the TIG wholly owned subsidiaries of Umbrella.
•Alvarium reorganized such that it became the wholly owned indirect subsidiary of AlTi Global Topco.
•Cartesian SPAC formed Umbrella Merger Sub.
Pursuant to the Business Combination on January 3, 2023:
•The Company was redomiciled as a Delaware corporation and changed its name to Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc. Effective April 19, 2023, Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc. changed its name to AlTi Global, Inc.
•The Company acquired all the outstanding share capital of AlTi Global Topco.
•Umbrella Merger Sub, LLC merged into Umbrella with AlTi Global Capital, LLC, formerly known as Alvarium Tiedemann Capital, LLC as the surviving entity.
•The Company acquired 51% of the equity interests of Umbrella, while the existing TWMH and TIG rollover shareholders hold a 49% economic interest in Umbrella. Umbrella holds 100% of the equity interests of TWMH, TIG, and Alvarium.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
•Through a series of intercompany transactions, AlTi was restructured to reflect the final structure depicted below:
Capital Structure
The Registrant has the following classes of shares and other instruments outstanding:
•Class A Common Stock – Shares of Class A Common Stock that are publicly traded. Class A shareholders are entitled to declared dividends from shares of Class A Common Stock. As of December 31, 2023, the shares of Class A Common Stock represent 55% of the total voting power of all shares.
•Class B Common Stock – Shares of Class B Common Stock that are not publicly traded. Class B shareholders are entitled to distributions declared by the Company’s board of directors. The distributions are paid by Umbrella. As of December 31, 2023, the shares of Class B Common Stock represent 45% of the total voting power of all shares.
•Prior to the Business Combination, the Company issued warrants to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. Throughout the period from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023, 428,626 Warrants were exercised. On April 3, 2023, 78,864 Warrants were exercised. On June 7, 2023, the Company closed an offer and consent solicitation and entered into a warrant
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
amendment, pursuant to which the remaining 19,892,387 Warrants were exchanged for 4,962,147 shares of Class A Common Stock. The exercises and exchanges throughout the period from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023 resulted in an increase in Additional Paid-in-Capital amount of $29.5 million. Following the exchanges, none of the Warrants were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.
The following table presents the number of shares of the Company that were outstanding as of December 31, 2023:
As of December 31, 2023 (Successor)
Segments
Our business is organized into two operating segments: Wealth Management and Strategic Alternatives. Described below are the segments and the revenue generated by each, which broadly fall into three categories: recurring management, advisory, or administration fees; performance or incentive fees; and transaction fees.
Wealth Management
Within our Wealth Management segment, services provided principally consist of investment management and advisory services, trusts and administrative services, and family office services. The wealth management client base includes high net worth individuals, families, single family offices, foundations, and endowments globally. Investment management or advisory fees are the primary source of revenue in our Wealth Management segment. These fees are generally calculated based on a percentage of the value of each client’s billable AUM or AUA (as applicable). As of December 31, 2023, this segment had $51.0 billion in AUM/AUA.
Investment Management and Advisory Services
In our investment management and advisory services teams, we diversify our clients’ portfolios across risk factors, geographies, traditional asset classes such as money markets, equities and fixed income, and alternative asset classes including private equity, private debt, hedge funds, real estate, and other assets through highly experienced third-party managers.
Trusts and Administration Services
The trust and administration services that we provide include entity formation and management, creating or modifying trust instruments and/or administrative practices to meet beneficiary needs, full corporate, trustee-executor, and fiduciary services. We also offer provision of directors and company secretarial services, administering entity ownership of intellectual property rights, advice and administration services in connection with investments in marine and aviation assets, and administering entity ownership of fine art and collectibles.
Family Office Services (FOS)
Family office services are tailored outsourced family office solutions and administrative services which we provide primarily to our larger clients. These services include bookkeeping and back-office services, private foundation management and grantmaking, oversight of trust administration, financial tracking and reporting, cash flow management and bill pay, and other financial services.
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
Strategic Alternatives
Strategic alternatives services include the alternatives platform and public and private real estate (including co-investment) businesses.
Alternatives Platform
The alternatives platform embodies our legacy TIG business, which is an alternative asset manager and includes our TIG Arbitrage strategy and funds managed by our External Strategic Managers, predominantly for institutional investors. The TIG Arbitrage strategy is an event-driven strategy fund that earns management fees and incentive fees based on the performance of its underlying funds and accounts. The investment strategies of the External Strategic Managers include Real Estate Bridge Lending, European Equities and Asian Credit and Special Situations. Distributions are received from the External Strategic Managers through profit or revenue sharing arrangements that are generated through management and incentive fees based on the performance of the underlying investments. As of December 31, 2023, this platform had $7.6 billion in AUM/AUA.
Co-Investment
Real estate co-investment oversees deal origination, documentation, and structuring from inception to exit for a variety of strategies, including development, income, value-add, and planning. Investors are typically HNWIs, single family offices, and institutional investors. Fees earned include private market, incentive fees, management and advisory fees, and placement and brokerage fees. As of December 31, 2023, our real estate co-investment platform had deployed more than $7.8 billion of capital (inclusive of capital raised for our public and private real estate funds), of which approximately 14% has been invested by legacy Alvarium Shareholders and senior employees.
Real Estate - Public and Private
The real estate business includes fund management services as well as co-investment solutions. As of December 31, 2023, this business had approximately $12.7 billion of AUM/AUA.
Fund Management
Our real estate fund management business manages two funds based in the United Kingdom, LXi, a publicly traded real estate investment trust, and HLIF, a private fund. Fees from our real estate fund management business are earned from management and advisory services. On January 9, 2024, AlTi RE Public Markets Limited entered into heads of terms to sell 100% of the equity of LXi REIT Advisors Limited (“LRA”), the advisor to the publicly-traded fund LXi REIT plc (“LXi”), to LondonMetric Property Plc (“LondonMetric”) for fixed consideration of approximately $33.1 million and up to an estimated $5.1 million of contingent consideration based on the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date, as applicable. The contingent consideration is preliminary and not final based on available information at the time of this filing. This disposal was completed on March 6, 2024. See Note 22 (Subsequent Events) for further information. As a result, AlTi has recognized an intangible asset impairment charge of $23.5 million as of December 31, 2023 which is recorded in Impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Further, the assets and liabilities of LRA are classified as Assets held for sale as of December 31, 2023 in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
On February 26, 2024, AFM UK and SHIA served notice to terminate their contracts with HLIF. We are in discussions with a third-party manager to take over the management of HLIF and termination of these contracts will become effective once the transition process has completed.
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
Exit from management of Home REIT PLC
Prior to the Business Combination, AlTi RE Limited, formerly known as Alvarium RE Limited (“ARE”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Alvarium, entered into an agreement to sell 100% of the equity of Alvarium Home REIT Advisors Ltd. (“AHRA”), the advisor to the publicly-traded fund Home REIT plc (“Home REIT”), to a newly formed entity (“NewCo”) owned by the management of AHRA, for aggregate consideration approximately equal to $29 million. The consideration comprised a promissory note maturing December 31, 2023, subject to extension if mutually agreed upon by the parties thereto. Additionally, ARE was granted a call option pursuant to which ARE had the right to repurchase AHRA prior to the repayment of the note for a purchase price equal to the note balance then outstanding thereunder.
Subsidiaries are companies over which a company has the power indirectly and/or directly to control the financial and operating policies so as to obtain benefits. In assessing control for accounting purposes, potential voting rights that are presently exercisable or convertible (including rights which may arise on the exercise of an option) are taken into account. With respect to the AHRA, the above arrangements resulted in AHRA continuing to be consolidated by AlTi after its legal disposal to NewCo. Due to this consolidation, after the Business Combination, an intangible asset was recognized related to the investment advisory agreement between AHRA and Home REIT.
On June 30, 2023, the Company entered into a series of agreements that resulted in the deconsolidation of AHRA from the Strategic Alternatives segment with immediate effect. The agreements removed ARE’s potential controlling voting rights in AHRA (previously ascertainable on the exercise of the option), and terminated other residual contractual relationships between AHRA and ARE. As a result, these agreements removed AlTi’s control of AHRA from an accounting perspective. AHRA’s results are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations for the period from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023, and its accounts were removed from the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of June 30, 2023. The deconsolidation resulted in an intangible asset impairment charge of $29.4 million, which is recorded in Impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Assets managed by AHRA, however, have been excluded from the Company’s AUM/AUA metrics since January 1, 2023.
(2) Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
(a)Basis of Presentation
The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the consolidated financial statements of TWMH and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with US GAAP and conforms to prevailing practices within the financial services industry, as applicable to the Company. The notes are an integral part of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period presentations and disclosures, while not required to be recast, may be reclassified to ensure comparability with current period classifications.
(b)Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The most critical of these estimates are related to (i) the fair value of the investments included
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
in the Billable Assets within AUM/AUA, as this impacts the amount of revenues the Company recognizes each period; (ii) the fair values of the Company’s investments and liabilities with respect to the TRA and Earn-out Securities, as changes in these fair values have a direct impact on the Company’s consolidated net income (loss); (iii) the estimate of future taxable income, which impacts the realizability and carrying amount of the Company’s deferred income tax assets; (iv) the qualitative and quantitative assessments of whether impairments of equity method investments, carried interest vehicles, acquired intangible assets, and goodwill exist; and (v) the determination of whether to consolidate a variable interest entity (“VIE”); and (vi) fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, assets’ useful lives, market multiples, the allocation of purchase price consideration in the business combination valuation of acquired assets and liabilities, the estimated useful lives of intangible assets, goodwill impairment testing, assumptions used to calculate equity-based compensation, and the realization of deferred tax assets. Inherent in such estimates are judgements relating to future cash flows, which include the Company’s interpretation of current economic indicators and market valuations, and assumptions about the Company’s strategic plans with regard to its operations. While management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing the consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
(c)Consolidation
The Company consolidates those entities in which it has a direct or indirect controlling financial interest based on either a variable interest model or voting interest model. The Company determines whether an entity should be consolidated by first evaluating whether it holds a variable interest in the entity. Entities that are not VIEs are further evaluated for consolidation under the voting interest model (“VOE” model).
An entity is considered to be a VIE if any of the following conditions exist: (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (b) the holders of equity investment at risk, as a group, lack either the direct or indirect ability through voting rights or similar rights to make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity or the obligation to absorb the expected losses or right to receive the expected residual returns, or (c) the voting rights of some equity investors are disproportionate to their obligation to absorb losses of the entity, their rights to receive returns from an entity, or both and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights.
Fees that are customary and commensurate with the level of services provided by the Company, and where the Company does not hold other economic interests in the entity that would absorb more than an insignificant amount of the expected losses or returns of the entity, are not considered a variable interest. The Company factors in all economic interests, including proportionate interests through related parties, to determine if fees are considered a variable interest. Where the Company’s interests in funds are primarily management fees and insignificant direct or indirect equity interests through related parties, the Company is not considered to have a variable interest in such entities.
The Company consolidates all VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary. An entity is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest, which is defined as having (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company does not consolidate any of the products it manages as it does not hold any direct or indirect interests in such entities that could expose the Company to an obligation to absorb losses of an entity or the right to receive benefits from an entity that could potentially be significant to such entities.
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and continuously reconsiders that conclusion. In evaluating whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company evaluates its direct and indirect economic interests in the entity. The consolidation analysis is generally performed qualitatively, however, if the primary beneficiary is not readily determinable, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. This analysis requires judgment, including: (1) determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (2) evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, (3) determining whether two or more parties’ equity interests should be aggregated, (4) determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity and (5) evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE and therefore would be deemed the primary beneficiary.
Under the voting interest model, the Company consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest. The Company will generally not consolidate those voting interest entities where a single investor or simple majority of third-party investors with equity have the ability to exercise substantive kick-out or participation rights.
(d)Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when the Company transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. A five-step framework is utilized that requires an entity to: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, which includes assessing the collectability of the consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for the goods or services transferred to the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligation in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when the entity satisfies a performance obligation.
Management/Advisory Fees
Revenues from contracts with customers consist of investment management, trustee, and custody fees. The Company recognizes revenue at the time of transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue recognized is calculated based on contractual terms, including the transaction price, whether a distinct performance obligation has been satisfied and control is transferred to the customer, and when collection of the revenue is assessed as probable.
Investment management, trustee and custody fees are recognized over the period in which the investment management services are performed, using a time-based output method to measure progress. The amount of revenue varies from one reporting period to another as levels of AUA change (from inflows, outflows, and market movements) and the number of days in the reporting period change.
For services provided to each client account, the Company charges an investment management fee, inclusive of custody and/or trustee fees, based on the fair value of the AUA of such account representing a single performance obligation. For assets for which valuations are not available on a daily basis, the most recent valuation provided to the Company is used as the fair value for the purpose of calculating the quarterly fee. In certain circumstances, fixed fees are charged to customers on a monthly basis. The nature of the Company’s performance obligation is to provide a
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
series of distinct services in which the customer receives the benefits of the services over time. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied at the end of each month or quarter, as applicable to the contract with the customer.
Fees are charged on a mixture of methodologies that include quarterly in arrears based upon the market value at the end of the quarter, quarterly based on the average daily balance, or monthly. Receivable balances from contracts with customers are included in the fees receivable line in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
Our FOS business is also included in the Management/advisory fees line item. FOS fees are generally structured to reflect an annual agreed upon fee or they can be structured on a project/time-based fee. FOS fees are typically billed quarterly in arrears. We also generate FOS project/time-based fees arising from accounting, administration fees, set up, the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”), and other non-investment advisory services.
Incentive Fees
The Company is entitled to incentive fees if targeted returns have been achieved in accordance with customer contracts. Incentive fees are calculated using a percentage of net profit from the amount the customers earn. Incentive fees are variable consideration that is generally calculated as applicable to the contract with the customer. We recognize our incentive fees when it is no longer probable that a significant reversal of revenue will occur. Our incentive fees are not subject to clawback provisions.
Other Fees/Income
The Company generates arrangement fees in its co-investment division by arranging private debt or equity financing, generally in connection with an acquisition or an investment. Arrangement fees are typically 50 to 100 basis points of equity value contributed into a transaction and are payable upon closing of the transaction. Acquisition fees are typically payable where there are no agency fees or where there is an off-market transaction sourced by the team. Such acquisition fees are usually in the range of 50 to 100 basis points of the purchase price of the relevant acquisition. The equity structures are long-term (five to ten years) closed-ended structures with fees normally ranging between 50 and 175 basis points of the equity value committed or drawn. The debt structure terms are generally between 12 and 36 months. The investment adviser, general partner, or other entity entitled to fees in respect of each of our co-investments receives such fees either monthly, quarterly, or annually.
(e)Distributions from Investments
The Company has equity interests in three entities pursuant to which it is entitled to distributions based on the terms of the respective arrangements. Distributions from each investment will be recorded upon receipt of the distribution. These distributions are recurring under investment
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
agreements and are structured as either a profit or revenue share of the investment’s management and incentive fees.
(f)Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of cash and money market funds. Cash balances maintained by consolidated VIEs are not considered legally restricted and are included in cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
Cash was held across our U.S. and international markets. A majority of cash in the U.S. was held in checking accounts within the credit facility bank group, including at a major global financial institution which management believes is creditworthy.
(g)Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted cash and cash equivalents consist of balances that are restricted as to withdrawal or usage.
As of December 31, 2023 restricted cash and cash equivalents amounted to $5.4 million and are included in the line item Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. These amounts represent the level of liquidity to be maintained by Company’s certain subsidiaries to meet regulatory requirements. Failing to meet the requirement could lead to censure, fines and ultimately a loss of license.
(h)Compensation and Employee Benefits
Cash-Based Compensation
Compensation and benefits consist of salaries, bonuses, commissions, benefits and payroll taxes. Compensation is accrued over the related service period.
Equity-Based Compensation
Equity-based compensation awards are reviewed to determine whether such awards are equity-classified or liability-classified. Compensation expense related to equity-classified awards is equal to their grant-date fair value and generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the awards’ requisite service period. When certain settlement features require an award to be liability-classified, compensation expense is recognized over the service period, and such amount is adjusted at each statement of financial position date through the settlement date to the then current fair value of such award.
The Company recognizes equity-based award forfeitures in the period they occur as a reversal of previously recognized compensation expense. The reduction in compensation expense is determined based on the specific awards forfeited during that period. Furthermore, the Company recognizes all excess tax benefits and deficiencies as income tax benefit or expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
(i)Foreign Currency and Transactions
The Company has multiple functional currencies across various consolidated entities. All functional currencies that are not the U.S. dollar are converted upon consolidation at the reporting date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are remeasured into U.S. dollars at the closing rates of exchange on the date of the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the historical exchange rate. The profit or loss arising from foreign currency transactions is remeasured using the rate in
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
effect on the date of the relevant transaction. Gains and losses on transactions denominated in foreign currencies due to changes in exchange rates are recorded within Foreign currency translation adjustments. Gains and losses on certain financing transactions which the Company intends to repay in the foreseeable future are recorded in net income.
(j)Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards and are measured using the enacted tax rates that are expected to be in effect when the differences reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that, in the opinion of management, is more likely than not to be realized, meaning the likelihood of realization is greater than 50%.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions by reporting a liability for unrecognizable tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.
(k)Other assets, net and Other liabilities, net
Other assets, net include prepaid expenses, miscellaneous receivables, current income taxes receivable, fixed assets, and software licenses. The Company amortizes assets over their respective useful lives, as applicable.
Other liabilities, net include the AlTi Wealth Management (Switzerland) SA, formerly known as Alvarium Investment Managers (Suisse) SA, (“AWMS”) deferred cash consideration (see Note 3 (Business Combinations and Divestitures)), accrued payroll and payroll related taxes, accrued legal fees, and corporate taxes payable, among other miscellaneous payables.
(l)Investments
Investments in Debt Securities. The Company classifies debt investments as held-to-maturity or trading based on the Company’s intent and ability to hold the debt security to maturity or its intent to sell the security. The Company does not have any held-to-maturity debt investments.
Trading securities are those investments that are purchased principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. Trading securities are carried at fair value on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position with changes in fair value recorded in Loss on investments on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Investments in Equity Securities. Equity securities are generally carried at fair value on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position in accordance with ASC 321, Investments – Equity Securities. Changes in fair value are recorded in Loss on investments in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Equity Method. The Company applies the equity method of accounting for equity investments where the Company does not consolidate the investee but can exert significant influence over the financial and operating policies of the investee. The evaluation of whether the Company exerts control or significant influence over the financial and operational policies of its investees is based on the facts and circumstances surrounding each individual investment. The Company’s share of the investee’s underlying net income or loss is recorded as Loss on investments within current period earnings. The Company’s
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AlTi Global, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
share of net income of the investee is recorded based upon the most current information available at the time, which may precede the date of the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Due to the nature and size of its investees, the Company has adopted a lag in reporting for certain equity method investees for which the Company cannot reliably obtain financial information on a regular basis. Distributions received reduce the Company’s carrying value of the investee and the cost basis if deemed to be a return of capital. For certain investments, the Company may apply the alternative fair value option to the investment at initial measurement. The fair value measurement of investments in which the fair value option is elected will be measured in accordance with ASC 825.
For equity method investments and nonmarketable investments, impairment evaluation considers qualitative factors, including the financial conditions and specific events related to an investee, which may indicate the fair value of the investment is less than the carrying value. For held-to-maturity investments, impairment is evaluated using market values, when available, or the expected cash flows of the investment. These losses in value may be considered other than temporary impairment losses.
(m)Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the arrangement and primarily enters into operating leases, as the lessee, for office space. The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with ASC 842, Leases and recognizes a lease liability and right-of-use asset in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for contracts that it determines are leases or contain a lease. The Company evaluates leases at their inception to determine if they are to be accounted for as an operating lease or a finance lease. A lease is accounted for as a finance lease if it meets one of the following five criteria: (i) the lease has a purchase option that is reasonably certain of being exercised, (ii) the present value of the future cash flows is substantially all of the fair market value of the underlying asset, (iii) the lease term is for a significant portion of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, (iv) the title to the underlying asset transfers at the end of the lease term, or (v) if the underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative uses to the lessor at the end of the term. Leases that do not meet the finance lease criteria are accounted for as an operating lease. At the inception of a finance lease, an asset and finance lease obligation are recorded at an amount equal to the lesser of the present value of the minimum lease payments and the property’s fair market value. Finance lease obligations are classified as either current or long-term based on the due dates of future lease payments, net of interest. The Company’s lease portfolio primarily consists of operating leases for office space in various countries around the world. The Company also has operating leases for office equipment and vehicles, which are not significant. The Company does not separate non-lease components from lease components for its office space and equipment operating leases and instead accounts for each separate lease component and its associated non-lease component as a single lease component. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. The Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease right-of-use assets include initial direct costs incurred by the Company and are presented net of deferred rent and lease incentives. Absent an implicit interest rate in the lease, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, adjusted for the effects of collateralization, based on the information available at commencement in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease right-of-use assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable.
The Company does not recognize a lease liability or right-of-use asset on the balance for short-term leases. Instead, the Company recognizes short-term lease payments as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. A short-term lease is defined as a lease that, at the commencement date, has a lease
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Prior to January 3, 2023, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings)
term of 12 months or less and does not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. When determining whether a lease qualifies as a short-term lease, the Company evaluates the lease term and the purchase option in the same manner as all other leases.
(n)Intangible assets other than goodwill, net
The Company recognized certain finite-lived intangible assets as a result of the Business Combination. The Company’s finite-lived intangible assets consist of Trade Names, Customer Relationships, Investment Management Agreements, and Backlog. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
The Company tests finite-lived intangible assets for impairment if certain events occur or circumstances change indicating that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates impairment by comparing the estimated fair value attributable to the intangible asset with its carrying amount. If an impairment exists, the Company adjusts the carrying value to equal the fair value by taking a charge through earnings.
The Company also recognized certain indefinite-lived intangible assets as a result of the Business Combination consisting of certain investment management agreements. These indefinite-lived intangibles are not subject to amortization, but are evaluated for impairment at least annually. In assessing its indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether events or circumstances exist that lead to a determination that it is unlikely that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is unlikely that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the Company is not required to perform any additional tests in assessing the asset for impairment. However, if the Company concludes otherwise or elects not to perform the qualitative assessment, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis to determine if the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value. If through this quantitative analysis the Company determines the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its carrying amount, the indefinite-lived intangible asset is considered not to be impaired. If the Company concludes that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the indefinite-lived intangible asset’s fair value.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company recognized intangible asset impairment charges of $52.9 million. See Note 11 (Intangible assets, net) for further detail.