ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
References in this section of the Annual Report to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Cartesian Growth Corporation, a Cayman Islands exempted company. References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and the notes thereto which are included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Overview
As of December 31, 2022, we were a blank check company incorporated on December 18, 2020 as a Cayman Islands exempted company, for the purpose of entering into a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, or reorganization or engaging in any other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities.
Recent Developments
On January 3, 2023, we consummated our previously announced business combination with TWMH, the TIG Entities and Alvarium. In connection with the business combination, we were renamed “Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc.” and domesticated as a Delaware corporation.
Results of Operations
Our only activities through December 31, 2022 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for our initial public offering (described below) and, after our initial public offering, identifying a target company for an initial business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of an initial business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account established for the benefit of our public shareholders. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, an initial business combination.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, we had a net income of $8,779,014, which included an interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in trust account of $4,974,899, change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $12,562,468, and other income of $ 195,587, offset by a change in fair value of conversion option liability of $40,776, a loss from operations of $8,858,651, interest expense on debt discount of $32,145, and unrealized loss on treasury bills of $22,368.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, we had a net loss of $1,035,380, which included a loss from operations of $1,012,448, offering cost expense allocated to warrants of $868,131, an expense for the fair value in excess of cash received for private placement warrants of $3,097,200, offset by gain from the change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $3,911,091 and interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in trust account of $31,308.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Until the consummation of the initial public offering, our only sources of liquidity were an initial subscription for 7,187,500 Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Founder Shares”), by the Sponsor for an aggregate subscription price of $25,000 and loans from the Sponsor.
On February 26, 2021, we consummated the initial public offering of 34,500,000 units, at $10.00 per unit, which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 4,500,000 units, generating gross proceeds of $345,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, we consummated a private placement of an aggregate of 8,900,000 private placement warrants to the Sponsor at a price of $1.00 per private placement warrant, generating gross proceeds of $8,900,000.
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Following the initial public offering, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option and the private placement, a total of $345,000,000 was placed in the trust account. We incurred $19,540,060 in transaction costs, including $6,900,000 of underwriting commissions $12,075,000 of deferred underwriting commissions and $565,060 of other offering costs.
As of December 31, 2022, we had cash held in the trust account of $349,983,839. Through December 31, 2022, we did not withdraw any interest earned on the trust account to pay our taxes. We used substantially all of the funds held in the trust account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the trust account (less income taxes payable), to complete our business combination and to pay our expenses relating thereto, including $7,800,000 (net of $4,275,000 forfeited deferred underwriting commissions) payable to Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. for deferred underwriting commissions upon consummation of our initial business combination.
As of December 31, 2022, we had cash of $85,540 held outside the trust account available for working capital needs and a working capital deficit of $7,919,107. Until the consummation of the business combination, we used the funds held outside the trust account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete an initial business combination.
On January 3, 2023, we consummated our business combination with TWMH, the TIG Entities and Alvarium and have raised sufficient capital to fund our operations, therefore substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern was alleviated.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Contractual Obligations
As of December 31, 2022, we did not have any long-term debt obligations, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations or other long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services. We began incurring these fees on February 23, 2021 and continued to incur these fees monthly until the completion of our business combination on January 3, 2023.
The underwriters of the initial public offering were entitled to a deferred underwriting commission of $0.35 per unit, or $12,075,000 in the aggregate. On November 14, 2022, the Company and the underwriter executed a deferred underwriting commission modification letter confirming the underwriter’s forfeiture collectively of $4,275,000 of the $12,075,000 of deferred underwriting commission that would otherwise be payable to it at the closing of the business combination. As a result, we recognized $195,857 of other income and $4,079,413 was recorded to additional paid-in capital in relation to the forfeiture of a portion of underwriting fee commission in the accompanying financial statements. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding deferred underwriting fee payable were $7,800,000 and $12,075,000, respectively.
On January 3, 2023, the outstanding deferred underwriting fee totaling $7,800,000 was paid in full (see Note 10).
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies.
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Warrant Liabilities
We account for Warrants (which are discussed in Note 3, Note 4 and Note 9 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report) in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)Topic 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”(ASC “815-40”), and concluded that a provision in the warrant agreement related to certain tender or exchange offers precludes the warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815-40, the warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities and measured at fair value at inception (on the date of the initial public offering) and at each reporting date in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” with changes in fair value recognized in the statements of operations in the period of change.
Offering Costs Associated with the Initial Public Offering
We comply with the requirements of FASBASC 340-10-S99-1. Offering costs consisted of legal fees, accounting fees, underwriting fees and other costs incurred through the initial public offering that were directly related to the initial public offering. Offering costs are allocated to the separable financial instruments issued in the initial public offering based on a relative fair value basis, compared to total proceeds received. Offering costs associated with warrant liabilities are expensed as incurred, presented as non-operating expenses in the statements of operations. Offering costs associated with the Class A ordinary shares were charged to temporary equity upon the completion of the initial public offering.
Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
All of the 34,500,000 Class A ordinary shares contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Class A ordinary shares in connection with our liquidation, if there is a shareholder vote or tender offer in connection with an initial business combination and in connection with certain amendments to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. In accordance with SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within our control require ordinary shares subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Ordinary liquidation events, which involve the redemption and liquidation of all of the entity’s equity instruments, are excluded from the provisions of FASB ASC 480. Accordingly, at December 31, 2022 and 2021, all Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of our balance sheets.
We recognize changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable ordinary shares are affected by charges against additional paid in capital and accumulated deficit.
Net (Loss) Income Per Ordinary Share
We comply with the accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share,” pursuant to which net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. We have two classes of shares, Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. We have not considered the effect of the 20,400,000 ordinary shares underlying the 11,500,000 warrants sold in the initial public offering and the 8,900,000 private placement warrants sold in the private placement, in the calculation of diluted (loss) income per share, since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As a result, diluted net (loss) income per ordinary share is the same as basic net (loss) income per ordinary share for the periods presented. Our statements of operations apply the two-class method in calculating net (loss) income per share. Basic and diluted net (loss) income per Class A ordinary share and Class B ordinary share is calculated by dividing net (loss) income attributable to us by the weighted average number of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares outstanding, allocated proportionally to each class of shares.
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Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our financial statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary exposure to market risk is related to our role as wealth management advisor to our investment products and the sensitivity to movements in the market value of their investments, including the effect on management fees and investment income. Even though the effects of COVID-19 on the financial markets has largely subsided and most countries have reduced or eliminated COVID-19-related restrictions, an increase in cases or the introduction of novel variants may continue to pose risks to financial markets. For additional information concerning the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential impact on our business and our operating results, see “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report.
Market Risk
The market price of investments may significantly fluctuate during the period of investment, should their value decline, our fees may decline accordingly. Investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets. The value of an investment may decline due to general market conditions, which are not specifically related to such investment, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, or adverse investor sentiment generally. It may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry.
Our credit orientation has been a central tenet of our business across our investment strategies. Our investment professionals benefit from our independent research and relationship networks and insights from our portfolio of active investments. We believe the combination of high-quality proprietary pipeline and a consistent, rigorous approach to managing investments across our strategies has been, and we believe will continue to be, a major driver of our strong risk-adjusted returns and the financial stability and predictability of our income. Certain parts of our business that are transaction-driven could be subject to higher volatility than wealth management business in response to a decline in general market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk
As of December 31, 2022, we had $26.6 million and $96.6 million of borrowings outstanding under the revolving facilities and term loan, respectively.
The revolving facilities included:
The term loan borrowings included:
For an increase to the underlying index rates related to the revolving facilities and term loan, we would be subject to such increased variable rate and would expect our interest expense to increase commensurately.
On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s FCA, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021, which was later extended to June 2023. Potential changes, or uncertainty related to such potential changes, may adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based securities or the cost of our borrowings. Please see “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report for additional information.
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Credit Risk
We are party to agreements providing for various financial services and transactions that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties are unable to meet the terms of such agreements. In such agreements, we depend on the counterparty to make payment or otherwise perform. We generally endeavor to minimize our risk of exposure by limiting to reputable financial institutions the counterparties with which we enter into financial transactions. In other circumstances, availability of financing from financial institutions may be uncertain due to market events, and we may not be able to access these financing markets. We seek to mitigate this exposure by monitoring the credit standing of these financial institutions.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements and supplementary data are set forth in Item 15 of this Annual Report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. Based on this evaluation and in light of the material weakness in internal controls described below, our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer have concluded that during the period covered by this Annual Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective. Our internal control over financial reporting did not result in the proper accounting classification of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption issued in February 2021 which, due to its impact on our unaudited condensed financial statements constitutes a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, related to accounting for complex financial instruments. In light of this material weakness, we performed additional analysis as deemed necessary to ensure that our unaudited condensed financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, management believes that the audited financial statements included in this Annual Report present fairly in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the period presented.
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Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined effective could provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on the framework in the Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework”). Based on our evaluation under the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2022.
Management has implemented remediation steps to improve our internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, we expanded and improved our review process for complex securities and related accounting standards. We plan to further improve this process by enhancing access to accounting literature, identification of third-party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting applications and consideration of additional staff with the requisite experience and training to supplement existing accounting professionals.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm on our internal control over financial reporting due to an exemption established by the JOBS Act for “emerging growth companies.”
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Other than as described above, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Management has identified a material weakness in internal controls related to the accounting for complex financial instruments issued in connection with our initial public offering, as described above. To respond to this material weakness, we have devoted, and plan to continue to devote, significant effort and resources to the remediation and improvement of our internal control over financial reporting. While we have processes to identify and appropriately apply applicable accounting requirements, we plan to enhance our system of evaluating and implementing the accounting standards that apply to our financial statements, including through enhanced analyses by our personnel and third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding complex accounting applications. The elements of our remediation plan can only be accomplished over time, and we can offer no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Not applicable.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Board of Directors
The following sets forth certain information concerning the persons who serve as our directors:
Name Position Age
Ali Bouzarif Director 44
Nancy Curtin Director 65
Kevin T. Kabat Director 66
Timothy Keaney Director 61
Judy Lee Director 55
Spiros Maliagros Director 46
Hazel McNeilage Director 66
Craig Smith Director 59
Michael Tiedemann Director 51
Tracey Brophy Warson Director 60
Peter Yu Director 61
Ali Bouzarif. Mr. Bouzarif has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Bouzarif has been a Member of the Supervisory Board and Partner of Alvarium since 2018. He also serves on the Finance and Compensation Committee of Alvarium. Mr. Bouzarif previously served as the Head of M&A at the Qatar Investment Authority (“QIA”) from 2007 to 2017. At the QIA, he was a member of the management investment committee and was instrumental in the completion of several notable transactions, such as the acquisition of the Harrods Department store and the merger of the Fairmont Raffles Hotels Group with AccorHotels, among others. During his tenure at QIA, Mr. Bouzarif served as a member of the board of directors and the remuneration committee of Heathrow Airport and American Express Global Business Travel business, a board member and member of the commitment committee of AccorHotels, and a member of the board of Canary Wharf Group. Mr. Bouzarif holds a Master’s degree in Business Engineering from Solvay Brussels School of Economics & Management and is a CFA® charterholder.
Nancy Curtin. Ms. Curtin has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Ms. Curtin has been a Partner, Group Chief Investment Officer, Head of Investment Advisory and participant member of the Supervisory Board of Alvarium since 2020. Before joining Alvarium, Ms. Curtin was Chief Investment Officer and Head of Investments at Close Brothers Asset Management (“CBAM”), a UK investment and financial advice firm focused on private clients, high-net-worth, charities, and family office, from 2010 to 2019 and Managing Partner and Chief Investment Officer of Fortune Asset Management, the UK-based hedge fund and long-only institutional advisory business, from 2002 until its acquisition by CBAM in 2010. Her previous roles also include Managing Partner and Independent Investment Adviser of Internet Finance Partners, a specialist venture capital business of Schroders plc, Managing Director and Head of Global Investments-Mutual Funds for Schroders, and Head of Emerging Markets and part of the senior leadership team for Baring Asset Management. Ms. Curtin started her career in investment banking and M&A, followed by investment leadership in a large single family office, focused on private equity and real estate investments. She has been Chairperson of the Board of Digital Bridge Group, Inc, a leading global investment and operating firm with a focus on identifying and capitalizing on key secular trends in digital infrastructure, since 2021 and has been a member of the Board thereof since 2014. Ms. Curtin is a Summa Cum Laude graduate of Princeton University and has an MBA from Harvard Business School.
Kevin T. Kabat. Mr. Kabat has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Kabat began his career in the banking industry at Merchants National Bank as a consultant before working at Old Kent Financial Corporation where he served in a number of management and executive positions. Between 2001 and 2003 Mr. Kabat was the President of Fifth Third Bank (Western Michigan). In 2003, he assumed the role of Executive Vice President of Fifth Third Bancorp before ultimately becoming President in 2006, serving in that role until September 2012. In 2007, Mr. Kabat became the Chief Executive Officer of Fifth Third Bancorp before retiring from the company in 2016.
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While serving as Chief Executive Officer of Fifth Third Bancorp, Mr. Kabat also served on its board of directors, as chairman from 2008 to 2010, and as vice chairman from 2012 until his retirement. Mr. Kabat also served as a Director of E*TRADE Financial Corporation, a financial services company, from June 2016 until October 2020. Mr. Kabat has served on the board of directors of UNUM (NYSE: UNUM) since 2008, assuming his current role as chairman in 2017 after having previously served as its lead independent director since 2016. Since 2015, Mr. Kabat has also served as a director of NiSource Inc. (NYSE: NI), an energy holding company, and has served as chairman since 2019. Mr. Kabat earned a B.A. in behavioral and social sciences from Johns Hopkins University, and an M.A. in industrial and organizational psychology from Purdue University.
Timothy Keaney. Mr. Keaney has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Keaney worked for the Bank of New York Company in various executive roles from 2000 until 2006 including head of the asset servicing business, and as head of the Bank of New York Company’s presence in Europe, having management responsibilities for all business activity in that region. Upon the Bank of New York Company’s merger with the Mellon Financial Corporation in 2007 (forming the Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (NYSE: BK)), Mr. Keaney began serving as co-Chief Executive Officer of the BNY Mellon’s asset servicing, and later serving individually as Chief Executive Officer of asset servicing from 2010 until 2012. Mr. Keaney served as Vice Chairman of BNY Mellon from October 2010 until September 2014, and as Chief Executive Officer of Investment Services from 2013 to 2014. Mr. Keaney has served on the Board of Directors of UNUM (NYSE: UNUM) since 2012, currently serving as a member of the Finance Committee and as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Since 2019, Mr. Keaney has also served as a Director for PolySign, Inc., a privately held fintech company. Mr. Keaney earned a B.S.B.A. from Babson College.
Judy Lee. Ms. Lee has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Ms. Lee began her career at the Bankers Trust Company in 1988, where she was a principal in the global risk management division and a member of the pioneering team that developed certain quantitative risk methodologies that are now the industry standard. From 1998 to 1999, she was a Partner at Capital Risk Market Advisors, a strategy and risk management consulting firm. Ms. Lee is currently the Managing Director of Dragonfly LLC, an international risk advisory firm based in New York, and the Chief Executive Officer of Dragonfly Capital Ventures LLC, which develops and invests in renewable energy in Southeast Asia. Ms. Lee has served on the Board of DBS Group Holdings (OCTM: DBSDY) as an independent non-executive director since 2021. She is also a member of DBS’s Audit Committee, Board Risk Management Committee, and Compensation and Management Development Committee. Since 2020, Ms. Lee has also served on the board of Commercial Bank of Ceylon (CSE: COMB.N0000). Additionally, she serves as an independent director of two private companies, DBS Bank Ltd., and Temasek Lifesciences Accelerator Pte. Ltd. Ms. Lee was a Senior Fellow at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania between 2013 and 2014, and an adjunct professor at Columbia University in 2018. Ms. Lee is also a current member of the Executive Board of the Stern School of Business at New York University. She earned a B.S. from the New York University Leonard N. Stern School of Business in finance and international business, and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School of Business.
Spiros Maliagros. Mr. Maliagros has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Maliagros is the President of TIG and has served in that capacity since 2007. He joined TIG Advisors in 2006 as general counsel assisting with SEC registration and overseeing all legal matters for the firm. In 2007, Mr. Maliagros was appointed president to support strategic initiatives for TIG Advisors. Most recently, Mr. Maliagros has led the effort to source, evaluate, and execute the growth equity investments made in managers globally. Prior to joining TIG Advisors, from 2001 to 2006, Mr. Maliagros worked for the law firm Seward & Kissel LLP, representing and advising clients in the formation and distribution of domestic and offshore hedge funds, master-feeder funds, and fund-of-funds pursuant to U.S. federal and state securities law. In 2014, Mr. Maliagros was named “Lawyer of the Year” by the Hellenic Lawyers Association. He currently serves as Chairman of the Greek Division Board of Directors for the New York Ronald McDonald House. Mr. Maliagros received a B.A. in government and economics from Dartmouth College and a J.D. from Fordham University.
Hazel McNeilage. Ms. McNeilage has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Ms. McNeilage began her career in 1978 at Provincial Life Assurance working in various actuarial roles before transitioning into management with the Liberty Life Association of Africa. Between 1987 and 2000, she served in various roles for Towers, Perrin, Forster & Crosby, including as Head of Investment Consulting for Australia & Asia Pacific. Between 2001 and 2009 she worked at Principal Global Investors in roles such as global head of sales, marketing and client service, head of Asia ex Japan, and head of international investments. During 2010 and 2011 Ms. McNeilage was head of investment management for Queensland Investment Corporation and between 2012 and 2015, she was a
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consultant to Northill Capital LLP and served as interim CEO for one of their affiliates. Most recently, she was Managing Director for Europe, Middle East and Africa at Northern Trust Asset Management from 2015 to 2018. Ms. McNeilage has served on the Board of Directors of Reinsurance Group of America (NYSE: RGA) as an independent non-executive director since 2018. She is Chair of RGA’s Compensation Committee, serves on their Nominating and Governance Committee, and their Cyber Security and Technology Board Sub-Group. Additionally, Ms. McNeilage serves on the Board of Scholarship America. She is a Fellow of both the Institute of Actuaries in the U.K. and the Institute of Actuaries of Australia, is a Board Leadership Fellow of the National Association of Corporate Directors, and has earned the CERT Certificate in Cybersecurity Oversight from Carnegie Melon University as well as a cybersecurity related certificate from Harvard University. Ms. McNeilage earned a B.S. from the University of Lancaster in economics, mathematics, and operations research.
Craig Smith. Mr. Smith has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Smith is a Founding Partner and the President of TWMH overseeing its strategic direction as well as Tiedemann Advisors’ advisor team and client experience. Mr. Smith began his TWMH career in 2000, serving as managing director, trust planning and administration, until his appointment as president in 2004. Previously, Mr. Smith was Vice President of J.P. Morgan & Co., Inc., leading the trust, estate and transfer tax planning services for New England private clients, among other roles. Prior to that, Mr. Smith practiced trust and estate law with the New York law firm, Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler. He also serves on TWMH’s Board of Directors and is Chairman of both the Executive Committee, and the Diversity Equity and Inclusion Committee for Tiedemann Advisors. Mr. Smith earned a Juris Doctor degree from Harvard Law School and graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts from New York University.
Michael Tiedemann. Mr. Tiedemann has served as our Chief Executive Officer and as a member of our Board since January 2023. Mr. Tiedemann is a Founding Partner and the Chief Executive Officer of TWMH as well as the Managing Member and Chief Executive Officer of TIG Advisors. Mr. Tiedemann began his career working for TIG as an emerging markets research analyst and continues to serve as Managing Member and Chief Executive Officer of TIG, in addition to his roles at TWMH. In 1994, he joined the equity research group at Banco Garantia, one of Brazil’s leading Investment Banks, and worked closely with Banco Garantia’s Hedge Fund-of-Funds Group. In 1998, when Credit Suisse acquired Banco Garantia, Mr. Tiedemann headed Credit Suisse’s sales trading efforts for Latin America until he left to start TWMH in 2000. He has been recognized by a number of foundations for his charitable contributions and serves as a board member for several philanthropic organizations. He is also a member of TWMH’s Board of Directors and Chairman of the Internal Investment Committee for Tiedemann Advisors, the registered investment advisor subsidiary of TWMH. Mr. Tiedemann received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Ohio Wesleyan University.
Tracey Brophy Warson. Ms. Warson has served as a member of our Board since January 2023. Ms. Warson currently works as a strategic advisor for multiple start-up companies and has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry. She began her career at Wells Fargo (NYSE: WFC) in 1988 where she served in various executive roles, ultimately becoming Executive Vice President of Private Client Services, a role she served in until 2006. From 2006 until 2010, Ms. Warson worked as Managing Director and Head of the Western Division of US Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management. In 2010, she became the Head of the Western Division of Citi Private Bank of Citigroup (NYSE: C) and served in that role until 2014. From 2014 until 2019, Ms. Warson served as Chief Executive Officer of Citi Private Bank (North America) where she led the Private Bank business across 25 offices throughout the U.S. and Canada, overseeing $230 billion in client business volume. Ms. Warson currently serves on the Board of InterPrivate II Acquisition Corp. (NYSE: IPVA), a special purpose acquisition company. In 2021, she also began serving on the Board for SilverSpike Capital, LLC, a privately held company that focuses on investment management primarily in the cannabis and alternative health and wellness industries. In 2019, she was named Chairwoman of Citi Private Bank before ultimately retiring in 2020. Additionally, from 2014-2018 Ms. Warson was also the Co-Chair of Citi Women, Citi’s global strategy to promote the advancement of women. In this role she led the firm’s progress in pay equity, representation, and in having Citi Sign the Women’s Empowerment Principles of the United Nations. Ms. Warson earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Minnesota in business administration and French.
Peter Yu. Mr. Yu has served as a member of our Board since inception, and as Cartesian’s Chief Executive Officer and as chairman of the Board prior to the Business Combination. Mr. Yu currently serves as Managing Partner of Cartesian Capital, a global private equity firm and registered investment adviser headquartered in New York City. At Cartesian Capital, Mr. Yu has led more than 20 investments in companies operating in more than 30 countries. Mr. Yu
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currently serves on the boards of directors of several companies, including Burger King China, Tim Hortons China, PolyNatura Corp., Cartesian Royalty Holdings Pte. Ltd., ASO 2020 Maritime, Flybondi Ltd., and Simba Sleep Ltd. Previously, Mr. Yu served on the boards of directors of Banco Daycoval S.A., GOL Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes S.A., and Westport Fuel Systems Inc. Prior to forming Cartesian Capital, Mr. Yu founded and served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of AIGCP, a leading international private equity firm with over $4.5 billion in committed capital. Prior to founding AIGCP, Mr. Yu served President Bill Clinton as Director of the National Economic Council. A graduate of Harvard Law School, Mr. Yu served as President of the Harvard Law Review and as a law clerk on the U.S. Supreme Court. Mr. Yu received a bachelor’s degree from Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School.
Executive Officers
The following sets forth certain information concerning the persons who serve as our executive officers:
Name Position Age
Michael Tiedemann Chief Executive Officer and Director 51
Christine Zhao Chief Financial Officer 50
Kevin Moran Chief Operating Officer 45
Alison Trauttmansdorff Chief Human Resources Officer 52
Laurie Birrittella (Jelenek) Chief People Officer 56
Jed Emerson Chief Impact Officer 64
Colleen Graham Global General Counsel 57
Biographical information for Michael Tiedemann is set forth above under “— Board of Directors.”
Christine Zhao. Ms. Zhao has served as our Chief Financial Officer since January 2023 and as Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of our predecessor company Tiedemann Advisors since July 2021. Ms. Zhao has been a Board member of Jaguar Global Growth Corp I (Nasdaq: JGGC), a property tech focused special purpose acquisition company since February 2022. Most recently, she was Audit Committee Chair of D and Z Media Acquisition Corp. (NYSE: DNZ), a media and ed-tech focused special purpose acquisition company from January 2021 to February 2023, Governance & Nomination Committee Chair of bio-pharmaceutical company BeyondSpring Inc. (Nasdaq: BYSI), which develops innovative immuno-oncology cancer therapies, from October 2016 to January 2023, and CFO of Edoc Acquisition Corp. (Nasdaq: ADOC), a healthcare focused special purpose acquisition company, from November 2020 to October 2022. Previously, from November 2015 to December 2019, she served as Chief Financial Officer for two large PE-backed growth-stage companies, including Best Inc., a pre-IPO logistics technology company in China with major investors including Alibaba, Softbank, Goldman, and IFC among other large PE funds, which later priced its initial public offering at a valuation of over $3 billion (NYSE: BEST). Prior to this, Ms. Zhao served as a Managing Director of Bank of America Merrill Lynch and an Executive Director of JPMorgan, where she held senior positions at headquarters and global corporate and investment banking units, across a broad spectrum of functional areas including Treasury, liquidity products, capital management, and risk management, and acted as regional CFO/COO in transaction banking and corporate banking units. She also worked at American Express in various capacities including corporate strategic planning and venture investing from March 2003 to March 2008. Early in her career, Ms. Zhao worked in investment banking at Goldman Sachs and in corporate finance/ corporate development at FedEx. She has worked in New York, London, Singapore, Hong Kong and China, and has managed teams across four continents. Ms. Zhao is a Board member of several non-profit organizations, including Volunteers of America — Greater New York, founded in 1896 and one of America’s largest faith-based social service organizations with an over $100 million annual budget, the Chinese Finance Association (“TCFA”) with over 7,000 members worldwide, and Asian Pacific American Advocates (“OCA”) Westchester & Hudson Valley Chapter. She’s also a founding Board member of the American Chinese Unite Care (“ACUC”), a charity coalition of 159 community organizations which raised $5.8 million in funds and PPEs for the tri-state area medical workers and first-responders in COVID-19 relief between March-May 2020. Ms. Zhao received an MBA from Harvard Business School, master’s degrees in Economics and Finance from University of Alabama and a bachelor’s degree in Economics with distinction from Fudan University in China.
Kevin Moran. Mr. Moran has served as our Chief Operating Officer since January 2023. Mr. Moran began his career with Tiedemann Advisors in 2008 as General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer and has served as the Chief Operating Officer and General Counsel of TWMH, Tiedemann Advisors and Tiedemann Trust Company since September 2017. He is also a member of the Executive Committee and the Chairman of the New Business Acceptance
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Committee for Tiedemann Advisors. Mr. Moran manages Tiedemann Advisors’ Finance, Operations, Client Service, Technology, Legal, Compliance, Human Resources and Extended Family Office Services teams, and he oversees M&A activity for TWMH. Prior to joining Tiedemann Advisors, from October 2004 to April 2008, Mr. Moran was Associate General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer of FRM Americas, LLC a subsidiary of Financial Risk Management. From September 2002 to October 2004, he was an associate in the Financial Service Group of the law firm Katten Muchin Zavis Rosenman. Mr. Moran earned a Juris Doctor degree from Boston University School of Law and received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Loyola University.
Alison Trauttmansdorff. Ms. Trauttmansdorff has served as our Chief Human Resources Officer since January 2023. Ms. Trauttmansdorff also serves as the Chief Human Resources Officer of Alvarium, which she joined in February 2022. Ms. Trauttmansdorff began her career in Human Resources with Goldman Sachs (NYSE: GS) in 1994, with whom she worked for 14 years in both Germany, where she helped grow the team to a significant office within the network, and in the UK in various HR roles including the Head of Graduate Recruitment for EMEA. She also served as a senior member of the human resources team for the Investment Banking Division as well as the Principal Investment Area. In 2008, Ms. Trauttmansdorff moved to Rothschild & Co as the HR Director based in London, overseeing both the central UK based team and HR teams globally. She was responsible for global client coverage of the Global Advisory and Merchant Banking businesses. Alongside her business coverage, she had a special focus on DE&I, people focused ESG issues and Wellbeing for the firm. She is a Director of the City HR Board since 2020, the professional body for HR in organizations and sectors that support the City of London. She has served on the main Council and Remuneration Committee of Aston University (where she graduated with a degree in International Business and Modern Languages) and also sat on the International Advisory Board of its Business School.
Laurie Birrittella (Jelenek). Ms. Birrittella has served as our Chief People Officer since January 2023. Ms. Birrittella is the Chief Administrative Officer of TIG and has served in that capacity since 2003. She joined TIG in 1991 and prior to becoming Chief Administrative Officer, she worked in various roles, including Office Manager, Investor Relations and Accounting. As Chief Administrative Officer, Ms. Birrittella is responsible for all administrative, human resources, business accounting and client services functions for TIG. Ms. Birrittella currently serves as Treasurer on the Board of Directors of Ferncliff Manor Inc., a non-profit organization supporting the mission of a unique residential school located in Yonkers, New York, founded in 1935 for children with developmental disabilities. She also serves on the Board of Directors of Bethany Arts Community Inc., a non-profit artist community located in Ossining, New York dedicated to creating space and environment for artists of all ages to create and collaborate and supporting the Arts. Ms. Birrittella attended Hope College in Holland, Michigan and has undertaken further studies at Pace University in New York, adding to her professional knowledge of accounting and business law.
Jed Emerson. Mr. Emerson has served as Chief Impact Officer since January 2023. Mr. Emerson has served as a Managing Director and the Global Lead of Impact Investing of Tiedemann Advisors since June 2021. Prior to his appointment in this role, he served on Tiedemann Advisors’ Impact Advisory Council from 2018 to 2021. Mr. Emerson oversees the strategy and implementation of Tiedemann Advisors Impact Investing practice and focuses on deepening the firm’s expertise and capabilities as well as helping identify effective impact solutions. Mr. Emerson has founded or co-founded numerous national Impact Investing, venture philanthropy, community venture capital and social enterprises. He is Senior Fellow with ImpactAssets, a nonprofit financial services Firm. From 2011 to 2017, Mr. Emerson was also senior strategic advisor to five family offices with over $1.4 billion in total assets, each executing 100 percent impact/sustainable investment strategies with their total net worth. Mr. Emerson has authored numerous articles and papers on social entrepreneurship and investing, including “Impact Investing: Transforming How We Make Money While Making a Difference,” winner of the 2012 Nautilus Gold Book Award and the first book on Impact Investing. In 2018, he released his eighth book, titled “The Purpose of Capital.” Originator of the concept of Blended Value, Mr. Emerson has given presentations at The World Economic Forum, The Clinton Global Initiative, The Skoll World Forum and numerous other conferences and professional meetings around the world. He is a Senior Fellow with the Center for Social Investment at Heidelberg University (Germany) and has held faculty appointments with Oxford University, Harvard, Stanford and Kellogg business schools. Mr. Emerson received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Lewis and Clark College, a Master’s degree in Social Work from University of Denver and an Master’s degree in Business Administration from St. Mary’s College of California.
Colleen Graham. Ms. Graham has served as our Global General Counsel since March 2023. Prior to joining AlTi, Ms. Graham served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Boston Private Financial Holdings from April 2019 to July 2021 and General Counsel and Chief Supervisory Officer of Boston Private’s successor entity, SVB Private from July 2021 to February 2023 including overseeing Boston Private’s $900 million acquisition by Silicon Valley Bank. Ms. Graham worked at Credit Suisse from August 1996 to February 2016 in various capacities, including as a Managing Director, Senior Lawyer, Head of Compliance Americas, Global Chief Control and Operational Risk Officer Investment Bank, Head of Business Risk Management Private Bank Americas, before joining Signac LLC, a joint venture between Credit Suisse and Palantir Technologies, from February 2016 to July 2017 as a Co-Founder and the Credit Suisse designated CEO. Ms. Graham served on the Board of Directors of Signac LLC, Credit Suisse Private Advisors and SVB Investment Services, Inc. Ms. Graham was also the Founder and CEO of NextGen Compliance LLC from July 2017 to April 2019. Ms. Graham started her career within the corporate law practice at Hughes Hubbard & Reed from 1991 to 1994, before joining the corporate practice of Thacher Proffitt & Wood from 1994 to 1996. Ms. Graham received her bachelor’s degree in finance and marketing from Boston College, and her juris doctorate at St. John’s University School of Law.
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Director Designation Rights
The Investor Rights Agreements provide certain of our shareholders with director designation rights. See the “ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE-Investor Rights Agreements” for more information.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our Board maintains an audit, finance and risk committee (“audit committee”), a human capital and compensation committee (“compensation committee”) and an environmental, social, governance and nominating committee (“nominating committee”). The composition of each committee is set forth below.
Audit Committee
The audit committee’s main function is to oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. The audit committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:
• review the financial results presented in all reports filed with the SEC;
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Our audit committee consists of Mr. Keaney, Ms. Lee, Ms. McNeilage and Mr. Yu, with Mr. Keaney serving as the chair of the committee. Under the rules of the SEC, members of the audit committee must also meet heightened independence standards. Our Board has determined that all of the members of the audit committee are independent directors as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to audit committee membership. We also believe that Mr. Keaney qualifies as our “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in Item 401(h) of Regulation S-K.
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee’s main function is to oversee the compensation policies, plans and programs and to review and determine the compensation to be paid to executive officers and other senior management, as appropriate. The compensation committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:
• reviewing on an annual basis our executive compensation policies and plans;
Our compensation committee consists of Ms. McNeilage, Ms. Brophy Warson Mr. Kabat, and Ms. Lee, with Ms. McNeilage serving as the chair of the committee. Our Board has determined that all of the members of the compensation committee are independent directors as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to compensation committee membership.
Nominating Committee
The nominating committee’s main function is to oversee our corporate governance policies and the composition of our Board and committees. The nominating committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:
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Our nominating committee consists of Ms. Brophy Warson, Mr. Keaney, Mr. Yu and Mr. Kabat, with Ms. Brophy Warson serving as chair. Our Board has determined that all of the members of the nominating committee are independent directors as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to nominating committee membership.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that will apply to all of its employees, officers and directors, including those officers responsible for financial reporting. The code of business conduct and ethics is available on our website at www.alti-global.com. We expect that, to the extent required by law, any amendments to the code, or any waivers of its requirements, will be disclosed on our website.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Executive Officer and Director Compensation of Cartesian
None of Cartesian’s executive officers or directors have received any cash compensation for services rendered to Cartesian. Since the consummation of the initial public offering until the consummation of the Business Combination, Cartesian was required to reimburse the Sponsor for office space and secretarial and administrative services provided to Cartesian, in an amount not to exceed $10,000 per month. In addition, the Sponsor, executive officers and directors and their respective affiliates were reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities conducted on Cartesian’s behalf, such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. Cartesian’s audit committee reviewed all payments that Cartesian made to the Sponsor, executive officers and directors and their respective affiliates on a quarterly basis. Any such payments prior to the Business Combination were made using funds held outside of Cartesian’s trust account. Other than quarterly audit committee review of such reimbursements, Cartesian did not have any additional controls in place for governing reimbursement payments to its directors and executive officers for their out-of-pocket expenses incurred on behalf of Cartesian and in connection with identifying and consummating an initial business combination. Other than these payments and reimbursements, no compensation of any kind, including finder’s and consulting fees, was paid by Cartesian to the Sponsor, executive officers and directors or any of their respective affiliates, prior to completion of the Business Combination.
Executive Officer and Director Compensation
Introduction
As an emerging growth company, we have opted to comply with the executive compensation disclosure rules applicable to “smaller reporting companies,” as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Act. This section discusses the material components of the executive compensation program for our executive officers who will be named executive officers (“Named Executive Officers”) of the Company following the Business Combination, which consist of our Chief Executive Officer and our two other most highly compensated executive officers. The determination of the two other most highly compensated executive officers is based upon the Company’s expectations of total compensation for each of its executive officers, portions of which have not yet been finally determined. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, our Named Executive Officers are Michael Tiedemann, Christine Zhao, and Kevin Moran.
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Summary Compensation Table
The following table summarizes the total compensation paid to or earned by each of our Named Executive Officers in fiscal year 2022.
(4) Represents base salary paid in respect of TWMH.
(5) Represents base salary paid in respect of TWMH.
Employment Agreements
Tiedemann Employment Agreement
Effective upon the closing of the Business Combination, the Company, TIG Advisors, LLC (“TIG”), and Mr. Tiedemann entered into an amended and restated executive employment and restrictive covenant agreement (the “Tiedemann Employment Agreement”) pursuant to which Mr. Tiedemann agreed to serve in the capacity of Chief Executive Officer of the Company, TIG Advisors and any of the other Company Entities (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement) designated by the Company for an initial term of five years from the Closing Date. For his services, Mr. Tiedemann will be (a) paid a base salary of $600,000 per annum, (b) eligible to receive a bonus with respect to each fiscal year during the Employment Term (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement) under our annual incentive compensation plan, program and/or arrangements applicable to senior-level executives as established and modified from time to time by the compensation committee; provided, however, that in no event shall the target bonus in any fiscal year (including any partial year in which the Tiedemann Employment Agreement is executed) be less than the 50th percentile of annual bonuses, determined based on the Benchmarking Methodology, and (c) entitled to an equity grant with respect to each fiscal year (including any partial year in which the Tiedemann Employment Agreement becomes effective) under any equity and/or equity-based compensation plan(s) adopted and maintained by the Company or TIG Advisors from time to time (if any) for the benefit of select employees of the Company Entities (which any Equity Awards (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement) granted to Mr. Tiedemann under the Executive Incentive Plan (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement), and the terms and conditions thereof, shall be determined by the compensation committee; provided, however, that in no event shall the terms and conditions thereof be any less favorable to Mr. Tiedemann than any other senior executive participating in an Executive Incentive Plan, and further provided that the value and vesting term for each Equity Award will not be less than the 50th percentile of incentive equity grants, determined based on the Benchmarking Methodology). The Base Compensation (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement) will be subject to annual review for increase, but not decrease, by the Board; provided, however, that such review may be delegated to the compensation committee. The “Benchmarking Methodology” is defined as: the results of a benchmarking study of executives of similar title and role to Executive at comparable public companies, based on a peer group of executives and companies to be agreed upon in advance in writing by the Company and Mr. Tiedemann, with such benchmarking study prepared by an independent third-party consulting firm that selected by the compensation committee after consultation with Mr. Tiedemann and engaged at our expense. Mr. Tiedemann’s employment and employment term
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will terminate upon the earliest to occur of the following: (a) the date of Mr. Tiedemann’s death; (b) a termination of Mr. Tiedemann’s employment by TIG Advisors due to Mr. Tiedemann’s Disability (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement); (c) Mr. Tiedemann’s resignation without Good Reason; (d) a termination of Mr. Tiedemann’s employment by TIG Advisors for Cause; (e) a termination of Mr. Tiedemann’s employment by TIG Advisors without Cause; (f) the resignation of Mr. Tiedemann for Good Reason; or (g) the conclusion of the employment term in the event of non-renewal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the third anniversary of the Closing Date, TIG Advisors will not be entitled to terminate Mr. Tiedemann’s employment without Cause unless the determination to do so is made by a unanimous vote of the Board (after Mr. Tiedemann has been given the opportunity to make a presentation to the Board in opposition to such determination, if he so desires), excluding Mr. Tiedemann and any members who affirmatively indicate, in writing, that they are abstaining or recusing themselves from voting and provided that following any such abstentions or recusals, a quorum exists as under the applicable corporate documents (such determination, an “Early TWOC”). None of TIG Advisors, Mr. Tiedemann, or any Board member will take any undue action (including but not limited to the use of financial incentives or disincentives) to encourage or induce any Board member to vote, abstain, or recuse themselves from voting on an Early TWOC. (x) “Good Reason” is defined as the occurrence of any of the following events without Mr. Tiedemann’s consent: (a) a material reduction in Mr. Tiedemann’s Base Compensation; (b) a material diminution in Mr. Tiedemann’s duties, authority or responsibilities, or a change in Mr. Tiedemann’s title or reporting line; (c) a relocation of more than 30 miles from Mr. Tiedemann’s primary place of employment in New York, NY; or (d) the material breach of the Tiedemann Employment Agreement by the Company or TIG Advisors and (y) “Cause” is defined as: (a) a conviction of Mr. Tiedemann to a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; (b) gross negligence or willful misconduct by Mr. Tiedemann resulting in material economic harm to the Company and/or the Company Entities, taken as a whole; (c) a willful and continued failure by Mr. Tiedemann to carry out the reasonable and lawful directions of the Board issued in accordance with the Company’s or TIG Advisor’s Certificate of Formation, Certificate of Incorporation or other governing documents; (d) Mr. Tiedemann engaging in (A) fraud, (B) embezzlement, (C) theft or (D) knowing and material dishonesty resulting in material economic harm to the Company or any of the Company Entities. For the avoidance of doubt, subpart (C) of the preceding sentence is not intended to include any de minimis, incidental conduct by Mr. Tiedemann (e.g., taking office supplies home, etc.) or inadvertent actions such as accidental personal use of a Company credit card or accidental errors in mileage reimbursement or other accidental or inadvertent actions that are not materially injurious to the Company or any of the Company Entities; (e) a willful or material violation by Mr. Tiedemann of a material policy or procedure of the Company or any of the Company Entities; or (f) a willful material breach by Mr. Tiedemann of the Tiedemann Employment Agreement.
If Mr. Tiedemann’s employment ends for any reason, Mr. Tiedemann will be entitled to the following: (a) any earned but unpaid Base Compensation through the Termination Date; (b) reimbursement for any unreimbursed business expenses incurred through the Termination Date; (c) any accrued but unused PTO (as defined in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement) in accordance with Cartesian policy; and (d) any other accrued and vested payments (measured as of the Termination Date), benefits or fringe benefits to which Mr. Tiedemann may be entitled under the terms of any applicable compensation arrangement, benefit or fringe benefit plan or program, including, without limitation, any earned yet unpaid bonuses or other incentive compensation relating to completed fiscal years prior to the Termination Date (collectively, the “Accrued Amounts”).
If Mr. Tiedemann’s employment is terminated by the Company without Cause or by Mr. Tiedemann with Good Reason, in addition to the Accrued Amounts, Tiedemann will be entitled to the following continued compensation (the “Continued Compensation”): (a) continuation of Mr. Tiedemann’s then Base Compensation for the longer period of (i) the remaining duration of the Initial Term as of the Termination Date or (ii) 12 months (such longer period, the “Severance Period”), payable as and when those amounts would have been payable had the Employment Term not ended; (b) for each fiscal year (including any partial fiscal years) during the Severance Period, an amount equal to the Bonus payable for the fiscal year ending immediately prior to the Termination Date, payable in monthly installments over the Severance Period; (c) immediate vesting of all Equity Awards previously granted to Tiedemann; and (d) continuation of the health benefits provided to Mr. Tiedemann and his covered dependents, pursuant to COBRA, at our sole cost, for a period of 18 months.
If Mr. Tiedemann’s employment terminates as a result of Mr. Tiedemann’s death or Disability, in addition to the Accrued Amounts, Mr. Tiedemann will be entitled to a (a) continuation of Mr. Tiedemann’s then Base Compensation for 12 months, payable as and when those amounts would have been payable had the Employment Term not ended; (b) an amount equal to the Bonus payable for the fiscal year ending immediately prior to the Termination Date, payable in monthly installments over 12 months; and (c) continuation of the health benefits provided to Mr. Tiedemann and his covered dependents, pursuant to COBRA, at our sole cost, for a period of 12 months.
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If Mr. Tiedemann’s employment terminates as a result of a non-renewal, Mr. Tiedemann will only be entitled to payment of the Accrued Amounts. Additionally, if Mr. Tiedemann’s employment terminates as a result of non-renewal by either party, Mr. Tiedemann’s post-employment non-competition and non-solicitation obligations will be immediately null and void.
The Continued Compensation will only be payable if Mr. Tiedemann complies with all terms and conditions of the Tiedemann Employment Agreement and Mr. Tiedemann (or his estate) executes and delivers to us a customary general release of claims in the form attached to the Tiedemann Employment Agreement.
If any dispute arises concerning the Tiedemann Employment Agreement or Mr. Tiedemann’s employment or his termination, the parties will submit the dispute to arbitration at JAMS in New York, NY.
The Tiedemann Employment Agreement also includes certain restrictive covenants for Mr. Tiedemann, including a customary (a) 12-month non-compete (provided that if Mr. Tiedemann’s employment is terminated (i) without Cause prior to the third anniversary of the Closing Date, the non-compete will end six months following the Termination Date or (ii) as a result of non-renewal of the Agreement, there will be no non-compete) (the “Restricted Period”), (b) non-interference and non-solicitation of our employees and clients (and prospective clients) during Mr. Tiedemann’s employment and the Restricted Period, and confidentiality, company work product and intellectual property, cooperation and non-disparagement provisions. In addition, Mr. Tiedemann has agreed that the Company currently owns the rights to, uses, and may at its option continue to use, “Tiedemann” as a trade name and/or as trademark or service mark (or portion thereof) (the “Tiedemann Marks”) and Mr. Tiedemann has agreed not to challenge the validity or enforceability of the Tiedemann Marks and, until such time as we (or, if the Tiedemann Marks are assigned along with substantially all the assets of our business, our successors or assigns) ceases to use the Tiedemann Marks, will not market, promote, distribute, or sell (or authorize others to market, promote, distribute or sell) to any third party, any private wealth or asset management services under the “Tiedemann” name or utilizing trademarks that are the same or similar to the Tiedemann Marks. Subject to the foregoing, nothing contained in the Tiedemann Employment Agreement will prohibit, limit or otherwise impair Tiedemann in using the “Tiedemann” name with respect to any activities following Tiedemann’s employment with the Company.
Moran Employment Agreement
Effective upon the closing of the Business Combination, the Company and Tiedemann Advisors, LLC (“TA”) entered into a new employment agreement with Kevin Moran (the “Moran Employment Agreement”), pursuant to which Mr. Moran is employed by TA and serves as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer following the closing of the Business Combination. The Moran Employment Agreement provides that his initial annual base salary will be $375,000, and is subject to annual review by the compensation committee and may be increased but not decreased (other than as a result of an across the board reduction among the management team). In addition, the Moran Employment Agreement provides that, during each fiscal year during his employment under the Moran Employment Agreement, Mr. Moran is eligible to receive a bonus, provided that the target annual bonus in any fiscal year shall not be less than the 50th percentile of annual bonuses based upon a benchmarking study of executives of similar title role to Mr. Moran at comparable public companies. Mr. Moran is also eligible to participate in any equity or equity-based compensation maintained by the Company from time to time, and he is also eligible to participate in employee benefit plans generally in effect from time to time.
In the event of a termination of Mr. Moran’s employment by the Company without “cause” (as defined in the Moran Employment Agreement) or by his resignation for “good reason” (as defined in the Moran Employment Agreement), subject to Mr. Moran’s execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in favor of the Company and its affiliates, Mr. Moran will be entitled to receive (i) base salary continuation for 12 months following his termination date (ignoring any reduction that constitutes good reason), (ii) any unpaid bonus with respect to the completed year prior to the year in which the termination occurs; (iii) an amount equal to Mr. Moran’s prior year’s bonus and (iv) subject to Mr. Moran’s election to receive continued health benefits under COBRA and copayment of premium amounts at the active employees’ rate, payment of remaining premiums for participation in our health benefit plans until the earlier of (A) twelve months following termination; and (B) the date he becomes eligible for group medical plan benefits under any other employer’s group medical plan.
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In the event of a termination of Mr. Moran’s employment due to his death or disability, Mr. Moran will be entitled to (i) a lump sum payment equal to the sum of twelve months of Mr. Moran’s base salary and the prior year’s bonus (prorated for the portion of the year worked) plus (ii) continuation of the health benefits provided to Mr. Moran and his covered dependents at the Company’s sole premium cost for a period of 12 months.
Director Compensation
Following the Business Combination, the Board approved the compensation for our non-employee directors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, pursuant to which our non-employee directors will receive the following:
• Annual cash retainer of $100,000 for service on the Board;
In addition, members of the Board were awarded a one-time cash remuneration of $100,000 ($140,000 for the chair of the Board) in Q12023 and will be granted an initial listing equity grant of $110,000 ($170,000 for the chair of the Board).
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ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS2
The following table sets forth beneficial ownership of Common Stock as of April 14, 2023 by:
• each of the Company’s current named executive officers and directors; and
• all current executive officers and directors of the Company as a group.
Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power over that security, including options and warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days.
Percentage ownership of our voting securities is based on 113,028,474 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on April 14, 2023, consisting of 57,995,513 shares of Class A Common Stock and 55,032,961 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share of the Company (the “Class B Common Stock” and, together with the Class A Common Stock, the “Common Stock”), immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination and the PIPE Investment, and does not include 19,892,387 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants that remain outstanding following the Business Combination.
Unless otherwise indicated, the Company believes that all persons named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to the voting securities beneficially owned by them.
Name of Beneficial Owner(1) Shares Percent Shares Percent
Five Percent Holders
Directors and Named Executive Officers
Christine Zhao 100 * — — *
Alison Trauttmansdorff 100 * — — *
Jed Emerson 100 * — — *
Colleen Graham — — — — —
Nancy Curtin — — — — —
Kevin T. Kabat — — — — —
Timothy Keaney — — — — —
Tracey Brophy Warson — — — — —
Hazel McNeilage — — — — —
Judy Lee — — — — —
2 NTD: Beneficial ownership table to be updated closer to 10-K filing date.
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* Indicates beneficial ownership of less than 1%.
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ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Investor Rights Agreements
At the Closing, we entered into an investor rights agreement with a shareholder of Alvarium, pursuant to which, among other things, the shareholder will have the right to designate one nominee to the Board (the “Shareholder Designee”), and any committee of the Board will include the Shareholder Designee as a member or, if the Shareholder Designee does not meet applicable independence requirements to serve on any of our audit, compensation or nominating committees, the Shareholder Designee will have the right to participate in such committee meetings as an observer (the “Shareholder IRA”). In addition, at the Closing, we entered into separate investor rights agreements with certain Voting Parties (as defined therein and which includes the Sponsor and Michael Tiedemann) pursuant to which, among other things, the Voting Party will agree to vote in favor of the election or re-election of the Shareholder Designee as a director (each, a “Voting IRA” and, collectively with the Shareholder IRA, the “Investor Rights Agreements”).
The foregoing descriptions of the Investor Rights Agreements are not complete and are subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Investor Rights Agreements, copies of which are filed as exhibits to this Annual Report and are incorporated herein by reference.
Umbrella LLC Agreement
Following the effective time of the Umbrella Merger, Umbrella adopted the Umbrella LLC Agreement in the form attached as an exhibit to the Business Combination Agreement. We are the sole manager of Umbrella. Certain of our directors and officers are members of Umbrella.
Provisions in the Umbrella LLC Agreement are intended to ensure that the total number of Umbrella’s Class A Common Units outstanding is always equal to the total number of outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock. The shares of Class B Common Stock (which is solely voting stock with no economic rights) will be “paired” to Umbrella Class B Common Units (which are economic units pursuant to which the holders of Class B Common Units effectively receive the economics they would have received had they instead held Class A Common Stock), with the holders of Umbrella Class B Common Units holding one share of Class B Common Stock for each Class B Common Unit held.
The Umbrella LLC Agreement provides that transfers of the Class B Common Units may not be made without the Manager’s consent except in the case of certain permitted transfers. The Umbrella LLC Agreement also provides for terms and conditions upon which holders of Umbrella Common Units can exchange one Umbrella Class B common unit and one share of Class B Common Stock for, at our option, either a number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to the Exchange Rate (as defined therein) or (ii) cash in an amount based upon the sale price of Class A Common Stock in a private sale or the price to the public.
The foregoing description of the Umbrella LLC Agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Umbrella LLC Agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Tax Receivable Agreement
Umbrella has made or will make an election under Section 754 of the Code for the taxable year in which the Business Combination occurs, and such election will remain in effect for any future taxable year in which a Unit Exchange occurs. Such election is expected to result in increases to our allocable share of the tax basis of the assets of Umbrella at the time of the Business Combination transactions and any future Unit Exchange. Such increases in our allocable share of Umbrella’s tax basis in its assets, may reduce the amount of tax that we would otherwise be required to pay in the future. Such increases in tax basis may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.
At the Closing, we entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement with TWMH Members, the TIG GP Members, the TIG MGMT Members (including certain of our directors and officers) (collectively, the “TRA Recipients”) that provides
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for the payment by us to the TRA Recipients of 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local and foreign income tax that we actually realize (or are deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by us or a change in control, as discussed below) as a result of the increases in tax basis and certain other tax benefits related to our entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement. This payment obligation is our obligation and not the obligation of Umbrella. We will benefit from the remaining 15% of cash tax savings, if any, that we realize as a result of such tax attributes. For purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, the cash tax savings will be computed by comparing our actual income tax liability to the amount of such taxes that we would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of our assets as a result of the Business Combination or the Unit Exchanges and had we not entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement (calculated by making certain assumptions).
The term of the Tax Receivable Agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless we exercise our right to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement for an amount based on the present value of the agreed payments remaining to be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement (as described in more detail below), there is a change of control (as described in more detail below) or we breach any of our material obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, in which case all obligations will generally be accelerated and due as if we had exercised our right to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement. Estimating the amount of payments that may be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement is by its nature imprecise, as the calculation depends on a variety of factors. The actual increase in tax basis of the assets of Umbrella, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including:
If we do not have taxable income (determined without regard to the tax basis increase resulting from a Unit Exchange), we will generally not be required (absent a change of control or other circumstances requiring an early termination payment) to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for that taxable year because no cash tax savings will have been actually realized. However, any cash tax savings that do not result in realized benefits in a given tax year may generate tax attributes that may be utilized to generate benefits in future tax years (with possibly some carry back potential to prior tax years for certain tax purposes). The utilization of such tax attributes will result in payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
Future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are expected to be substantial. It is possible that future transactions or events could increase or decrease the actual cash tax savings realized and the corresponding payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if, as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual cash tax savings we realize and/or distributions to us by Umbrella are not sufficient to permit us to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are not conditioned upon the TRA Recipients’ continued ownership of us or Umbrella.
In addition, the Tax Receivable Agreement provides that upon a change of control, our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement would be accelerated as if we had exercised our early termination right based on certain assumptions, (as described below) including that we would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement.
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Furthermore, we may elect to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early by making an immediate payment equal to the present value of the anticipated future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. In determining such anticipated future payments, the Tax Receivable Agreement includes several assumptions, including (1) that any Umbrella common units that have not been redeemed are deemed redeemed for the market value of our Class A Common Stock and the amount of cash that would have been transferred if the redemption had occurred at the time of termination, (2) we will have sufficient taxable income in each future taxable year to fully utilize all relevant tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement, (3) the tax rates for future years will be those specified in the law as in effect at the time of termination, and (4) certain non-amortizable, non-deductible assets are deemed disposed of within specified time periods. In addition, the present value of such anticipated future cash tax savings is discounted at a rate equal to SOFR plus 100 basis points.
As a result of the change in control provisions and the early termination right, we could be required to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that are greater than or less than 85% of the actual cash tax savings that we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement. In these situations, our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our liquidity.
Decisions made in the course of running our businesses may influence the timing and amount of payments that are received by the TRA Recipients under the Tax Receivable Agreement. For example, the earlier disposition of assets following an exchange or acquisition transaction will generally accelerate payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and increase the present value of such payments, and the disposition of assets before an exchange or acquisition transaction will increase the tax liability of an exchanging holder without giving rise to any rights to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that we will determine. Although we are not aware of any issue that would cause the IRS to challenge an increase in the tax basis of the assets of Umbrella that would otherwise be subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement, we will not be reimbursed for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement with respect to a tax basis increase that is successfully challenged. As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement in excess of our cash tax savings.
The foregoing description of the Tax Receivable Agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Tax Receivable Agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Alvarium Exchange Agreement
Concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, we, Alvarium and the shareholders of Alvarium (the “Alvarium Shareholders”) entered into the Alvarium Exchange Agreement pursuant to which, at the Closing, the Alvarium Shareholders exchanged their ordinary shares of an Isle of Man entity which was established by Alvarium and owned by the Alvarium Shareholders (“Alvarium Topco”) and Class A Shares of Alvarium Topco for that number and type of Class A Common Stock as is equal to each Alvarium Shareholders’ portion of the Alvarium Shareholders Share Consideration as determined in accordance with the Business Combination Agreement.
The foregoing description of the Alvarium Exchange Agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Alvarium Exchange Agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Subscription Agreements
Concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, we entered into Subscription Agreements, with the PIPE Investors pursuant to which, on the terms and subject to the conditions therein, the PIPE Investors collectively subscribed for 16,936,715 PIPE Shares at a purchase price of $9.80 per share, for an aggregate purchase price equal to $164,999,807. The Private Placement was consummated substantially concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination. Upon the Closing of the Private Placement, we simultaneously (i) canceled 2,118,569 Class A ordinary shares held by Sponsor, which number was equal to the number of Class B ordinary shares
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held by the Sponsor which were subject to forfeiture pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement and (ii) issued to the PIPE Investors the shares of Class A Common Stock in an amount of shares equal to the number of shares of Class A Common Stock purchased at the closing of the Business Combination by the PIPE Investors pursuant to certain Subscription Agreements (“PIPE Shares”), divided by the sum of the number of the non-redeemed Class A ordinary shares and the number of, on a pro-rata basis based on the number of PIPE Shares held by such PIPE Investors (“PIPE Bonus Shares”).
IlWaddi (a greater than 5% beneficial owner of Common Stock) was issued 5,834,697 shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with the Private Placement. Sponsor was issued 2,861 shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with the Private Placement.
The foregoing description of the Subscription Agreements does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of the Subscription Agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement
On the Closing Date, we, certain of our shareholders (including the Sponsor), the Alvarium Shareholders, the TWMH Members, the TIG GP Members and the TIG MGMT Members (such shareholders and members, the “Holders”) entered into the Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement (the “Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, we are obligated to file a registration statement to register the resale of certain of our securities held by the Holders (including any outstanding Common Stock and any other equity security (including the Warrants and Common Stock issued or issuable upon the exercise or conversion of any other such equity security) held by a Holder immediately following the Closing (including any securities distributable pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement and any PIPE Shares) and any Common Stock or any other equity security issued or issuable, including in exchange for Umbrella Class B common units pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Umbrella LLC Agreement). The Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement also provides the Holders with “piggy-back” registration rights, subject to certain requirements and customary conditions.
Subject to certain customary exceptions, the Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement further provides for the Common Stock and any other equity securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock (“Lock-Up Shares”) held by the Holders to be locked-up for a period of time, as follows:
iii. One-third of the SPAC Private Placement Warrants will not be locked-up;
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The foregoing description of the Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Additional Related Party Transactions Prior to the Business Combination
Founder Shares
On December 31, 2020, the Sponsor paid $25,000, or approximately $0.003 per share, to cover certain offering costs in consideration for 7,187,500 Class B ordinary shares. On February 23, 2021, we effectuated a recapitalization, and as a result, the initial shareholders held 8,625,000 Class B ordinary shares, including up to 1,125,000 Founder Shares which were subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor, if the over-allotment option was not exercised by the underwriters in full. As a result of the underwriters’ election to fully exercise their over-allotment option on February 26, 2021, none of the Class B ordinary shares were subject to forfeiture any longer.
On the Closing Date, we consummated the Business Combination, pursuant to which, among other things, the Founder Shares were automatically converted into shares of Class A Common Stock. The initial shareholders, including the Sponsor, are subject to contractual restrictions on transfer of such shares of Class A Common Stock, as described more fully under “—Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement” above.
Private Placement Warrants
Simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 8,900,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, for an aggregate purchase price of $8,900,000, in a private placement. In connection with the Business Combination, all of the Private Placement Warrants held by the Sponsor were cancelled.
Administrative Services
We agreed to pay the Sponsor $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support services provided to members of the management team prior to the Business Combination. Upon completion of the Business Combination, we ceased paying these monthly fees.
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Related Party Loans
On December 31, 2020, the Sponsor agreed to loan us up to $250,000 to be used for a portion of the expenses of the initial public offering. These loans were non-interest bearing, unsecured and are due at the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the closing of the initial public offering. As of February 26, 2021, we had borrowings of $144,890 under the promissory note, and on February 26, 2021, repaid the $144,890 from the proceeds of the initial public offering. As of the Closing Date, we had no outstanding borrowings under the promissory note.
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with the Business Combination, the Sponsor or an affiliate of the Sponsor, or certain of our officers and directors had the option, but not the obligation to, loan us funds as may be required (such funds, the “Working Capital Loans”). Up to $1,500,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be convertible into SPAC Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender. Such warrants would be identical to the SPAC Private Placement Warrants. As of the Closing Date, we had $500,000 outstanding under the Working Capital Loans. Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, we repaid the Working Capital Loans.
Related Person Transaction Policy
The Board has adopted a written related person transaction policy that sets forth the following policies and procedures for the review and approval or ratification of related person transactions.
A “Related Person Transaction” is a transaction, arrangement or relationship in which we or any of our subsidiaries was, is or will be a participant, the amount of which involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any related person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
A “Related Person” means:
We have also adopted policies and procedures designed to minimize potential conflicts of interest arising from any dealings it may have with its affiliates and to provide appropriate procedures for the disclosure of any real or potential conflicts of interest that may exist from time to time. For example, we have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that generally prohibits our officers or directors from engaging in any transaction where there is a conflict between such individual’s personal interest and our interests. Waivers to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics will generally only be obtained from the audit committee, or if for an executive officer, by the Board, and are publicly disclosed as required by applicable law and regulations. In addition, the audit committee will be required to review and approve all related-party transactions (as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K).
Director Independence
Our Board has determined that each of Ms. Lee, Mr. Kabat, Mr. Keaney, Ms. McNeilage, Ms. Warson and Mr. Yu are “independent directors” under the Nasdaq listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Our independent directors have scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present. Any affiliated transactions will be on terms no less favorable to us than could be obtained from independent parties. Our Board will review and approve all affiliated transactions with any interested director abstaining from such review and approval.
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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following is a summary of fees paid or to be paid to Marcum LLP (“Marcum”), for services rendered.
Audit Fees. Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our year-end financial statements and services that are normally provided by Marcum in connection with regulatory filings. The aggregate fees billed by Marcum for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements, review of the financial information included in our Forms 10-Q for the respective periods and other required filings with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 totaled approximately $134,621 and $89,610, respectively. The above amounts include interim procedures and audit fees, as well as attendance at audit committee meetings.
Audit-Related Fees. Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. We did not pay Marcum for consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Tax Fees. We did not pay Marcum for tax planning and tax advice for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
All Other Fees. We did not pay Marcum for other services for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Pre-Approval Policy
Since the formation of our audit committee upon the consummation of our initial public offering, the audit committee has pre-approved all auditing services and permitted non-audit services to be performed for us by our auditors, including the fees and terms thereof (subject to the de minimis exceptions for non-audit services described in the Exchange Act which are approved by the audit committee prior to the completion of the audit).
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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report:
(1) Financial Statements
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No: 688) F-2
Balance Sheets F-3
Statements of Operations F-4
Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit F-5
Statements of Cash Flows F-6
Notes to Financial Statements F-7 – F-28
(2) Financial Statements Schedule
None.
(3) Exhibits
The following documents are included as exhibits to this Annual Report:
ExhibitNumber Description of Exhibit
4.1* Description of Registrant’s Securities.
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101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
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* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
# Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
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INDEX TO AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ALVARIUM TIEDEMANN HOLDINGS, INC.
(FORMERLY AS CARTESIAN GROWTH CORPORATION)
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No: 688) F-2
Balance Sheets F-3
Statements of Operations F-4
Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit F-5
Statements of Cash Flows F-6
Notes to Financial Statements F-7 – F-28
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of
Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc. (formerly as Cartesian Growth Corporation)
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc. (formerly as Cartesian Growth Corporation) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ deficit and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/
S
/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020
.
West Palm Beach, FL
April 17, 2023
PCAOB ID Number 688
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ALVARIUM TIEDEMANN HOLDINGS, INC.
(FORMERLY AS CARTESIAN GROWTH CORPORATION)
BALANCE SHEETS
Assets
Liabilities, Redeemable Ordinary Shares and Shareholders’ Deficit
Convertible promissory note – related party 490,814 —
Conversion option liability 82,107 —
Commitments and Contingencies
Redeemable Ordinary Shares
Shareholders’ Deficit
Additional paid-in capital 1,200,788 —
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
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ALVARIUM TIEDEMANN HOLDINGS, INC.
(FORMERLY AS CARTESIAN GROWTH CORPORATION)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Year Ended December 31,
Other income (expense):
Interest expense – debt discount (32,145 ) —
Offering costs allocated to warrants — (868,131 )
Unrealized loss – treasury bills (22,368 ) —
Change in fair value of conversion option liability (40,776 ) —
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
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ALVARIUM TIEDEMANN HOLDINGS, INC.
(FORMERLY AS CARTESIAN GROWTH CORPORATION)
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021
Shares Amount
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
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ALVARIUM TIEDEMANN HOLDINGS, INC.
(FORMERLY AS CARTESIAN GROWTH CORPORATION)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31,
Cash flows from operating activities:
Offering costs allocated to warrants — 868,131
Excess of private warrants fair value over purchase price — 3,097,200
Unrealized loss – treasury bills 22,368 —
Amortization of debt discount 32,145 —
Change in fair value of conversion option liability 40,776 —
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sale of investment held in Trust Account 348,906,871 —
Net cash used in investing activities — (345,000,000 )
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from sale of Units, net of underwriting commissions — 338,100,000
Proceeds from sale of Private Warrants — 8,900,000
Proceeds from issuance of promissory note to Sponsor 500,000 144,890
Payment on promissory issued to Sponsor — (144,890 )
Payment of deferred offering costs — (540,060 )
Cash, beginning of period 551,258 —
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Deferred underwriting fee charged to additional paid-in capital $ — $ 12,075,000
Initial classification of warrant liability $ — $ 27,004,700
Waived deferred underwriting fee $ (4,079,413 ) $ —
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
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NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Cartesian Growth Corporation (now known as Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc.) (the “Company”) was incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company on December 18, 2020. The Company was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or engaging in any other similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”).
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through December 31, 2022 relates to the Company’s formation and its initial public offering (the “IPO”) which is described below and identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO.
The Company’s sponsor is CGC Sponsor LLC, a Cayman Islands limited liability Company (the “Sponsor”).
On February 26, 2021, the Company consummated the IPO, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters on February 23, 2021, of 34,500,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the Class A ordinary shares and warrants included in the Units, the “Class A ordinary shares” and “Public Warrants,” respectively), at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $345,000,000, which is further discussed in Note 3. Each Unit consists of one Class A ordinary share and one-third of one redeemable warrant to purchase one Class A ordinary share at a price of $11.50 per whole share. The registration statements on Form S-1 (File Nos. 333-252784 and 333-253428) for the Company’s IPO were declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 23, 2021.
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Company consummated the sale of 8,900,000 warrants (the “Private Warrants,” and together with the “Public Warrants,” the “Warrants”), at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant, in a private placement to the Sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $8,900,000, which is further discussed in Note 4.
Transaction costs of the IPO amounted to $19,540,060, consisting of $6,900,000 of underwriting commission, $12,075,000 of deferred underwriting commission, and $565,060 of other offering costs.
Following the closing of the IPO on February 26, 2021, $345,000,000 (or $10.00 per Unit) of the net offering proceeds of the sale of the Units and the sale of the Private Warrants was placed in a trust account for the benefit of the Company’s public shareholders (the “Trust Account”), with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee. The proceeds in the Trust Account may be invested in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act that invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. Except with respect to interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account that may be released to the Company to pay its taxes, if any, the funds held in the Trust Account will not be released from the Trust Account until the earliest to occur of: (i) the completion of an initial Business Combination, (ii) the redemption of the Class A ordinary shares if the Company is unable to complete its initial Business Combination by February 26, 2023, subject to applicable law, and (iii) the redemption of any Class A ordinary shares properly tendered in connection with a shareholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (a) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of the Class A ordinary shares if it does not complete its initial Business Combination by February 26, 2023 or (b) with respect to any other provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial business combination activity.
The Company will provide the holders of its outstanding Class A ordinary shares (the “public shareholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Class A ordinary shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination either (i) in connection with a general meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek shareholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would require the Company to seek shareholder approval under the law or stock exchange listing requirement. The public shareholders will be entitled to redeem their shares at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate
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amount then on
deposit in the Trust Account calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial Business Combination, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its taxes, if any, divided by the number of then outstanding Class A ordinary shares. The amount in the Trust Account is initially anticipated to be $
10.00
per public share. The per share amount the Company will distribute to investors who properly redeem their shares will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting commissions the Company will pay to the underwriters.
The Company will have until February 26, 2023 to complete the initial Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete the initial Business Combination by February 26, 2023, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the Class A ordinary shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account (less tax payable and up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Class A ordinary shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public shareholders’ rights as shareholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining shareholders and the Company’s board of directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) to the Company’s obligations under Cayman Islands law to provide for claims of creditors and in all cases subject to the other requirements of applicable law.
The Company’s initial shareholders, officers and directors have agreed to (i) waive their redemption rights with respect to their Class B ordinary shares, par value of $0.0001 per share (the “founder shares”) (as described in Note 3) and any Class A ordinary shares purchased during or after the IPO, in connection with the completion of the initial Business Combination, (ii) waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to their founder shares if the Company fails to complete the initial Business Combination by February 26, 2023, although they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to any Class A ordinary shares they acquired during or after the IPO if the Company fails to complete the initial Business Combination within the prescribed time frame, and (iii) vote any founder shares held by them and any Class A ordinary shares purchased during or after the IPO (including in open market and privately-negotiated transactions) in favor of the initial Business Combination. The Sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account.
This liability will not apply with respect to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, then the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company has not independently verified whether the Sponsor has sufficient funds to satisfy its indemnity obligations and the Company has not asked the Sponsor to reserve for such indemnification obligations. Therefore, the Company cannot assure you that the Sponsor would be able to satisfy those obligations. As a result, if any such claims were successfully made against the Trust Account, the funds available for the initial Business Combination and redemptions could be reduced to less than $10.00 per public share. In such event, the Company may not be able to complete the initial Business Combination, and the public shareholders would receive such lesser amount per share in connection with any redemption of the Class A ordinary shares. None of the Company’s officers or directors will indemnify the Company for claims by third parties including, without limitation, claims by vendors and prospective target businesses.
The Business Combination
On September 19, 2021, the Company, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TWMH”), TIG Trinity GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG GP”), TIG Trinity Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG MGMT” and, together with TIG GP, the “TIG Entities”), Alvarium Investments Limited, an English private limited company (“Alvarium” and, together with TWMH and the TIG Entities, the “Target Companies”), Rook MS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and Alvarium Tiedemann Capital, LLC, a
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Delaware limited liability company (“Umbrella”) entered into a business
combination agreement (as may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Business Combination Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company will hold Umbrella, a newly formed Delaware limited liability company for purposes of effecting the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, which will hold the businesses of the Target Companies.
On February 11, 2022, the Company, TWMH, the TIG Entities, Alvarium, Umbrella Merger Sub and Umbrella entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Business Combination Agreement, solely to (a) amend Section 12.01(b) of the Business Combination Agreement for the purpose of extending the Outside Date, as such term is used in the Business Combination Agreement, to July 29, 2022 and (b) amend the form of Registration Rights and Lock-up Agreement attached as Exhibit F of the Business Combination Agreement for the purpose of providing that the General Lock-up Period, as such term is used in the Business Combination Agreement, will be (i) for an amount equal to forty percent (40%) of the Lock-up Shares, as such term is used in the Business Combination Agreement, one year from the closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”), (ii) for an amount equal to thirty percent (30%)of the Lock-up Shares, two years from the Closing and (iii) for an amount equal to thirty percent (30%)of the Lock-up Shares, three years from the Closing.
On May 13, 2022, CGC, TWMH, the TIG Entities, Alvarium, Umbrella Merger Sub and Umbrella entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Business Combination Agreement, solely to amend the definitions of “Alvarium Closing Cash Adjustment,” “Available Cash,” “Companies Equity Value,” “CFO Expenses,” “Excess Transaction Expenses,” “SHP Discretionary Banking Fee,” “TIG Entities Closing Cash Adjustment,” “Transaction Expenses” and “TWMH Closing Cash Adjustment,” and to amend a certain schedule of each of the Alvarium Disclosure Schedule, the TIG Disclosure Schedule and the TWMH Disclosure Schedule.
On August 8, 2022, CGC, TWMH, the TIG Entities, Alvarium, Umbrella Merger Sub and Umbrella entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Business Combination Agreement, solely to (a) amend Section 3.07(a) of the Business Combination Agreement for the purpose of providing that 2,100,000 shares of the Alvarium Shareholders Earn-Out Consideration (as defined in the Business Combination Agreement) shall be issued at Closing and (b) amend Section 1.01 of the Business Combination Agreement to exclude from the definition of “Indebtedness” contained therein liabilities incurred or assumed by Alvarium (or the applicable subsidiary of Alvarium) in connection with the acquisition by Amalfi Bidco Limited of Prestbury Investment Partners Limited dated July 11, 2022.
On October 25, 2022, CGC, TWMH, the TIG Entities, Alvarium, Umbrella Merger Sub and Umbrella entered into an Amended & Restated Business Combination Agreement (the “A&R Business Combination Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Business Combination Agreement was amended and restated to provide that (i) at Closing, CGC shall, or shall cause Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company to, simultaneously (a) cancel a number of Class A ordinary shares held by the Sponsor equal to the number of the Sponsor Redemption Shares (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) and (b) issue the Non-Redeeming Bonus Shares (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) on a pro rata basis by number of Non-Redeemed SPAC Class A Common Shares (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) to the holders of such Non-Redeemed SPAC Class A Common Shares (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement); (ii) the term “Outside Date” shall mean January 4, 2023; (iii) 1,050,000 shares of the TWMH Members Earn-Out Consideration (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) and 1,050,000 shares of the TIG Entities Members Earn-Out Consideration (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) shall be issued at Closing (as defined in the (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement); (iv) a termination fee in an amount of $5,500,000 shall be payable by Alvarium (severally and not jointly) to CGC, and a termination fee in an aggregate amount of $11,000,000 shall be payable by the TIG Entities and TWMH (jointly and severally) to CGC, if CGC shall have terminated the A&R Business Combination Agreement pursuant to Section 12.01(b) thereof, as described more fully below under “Termination Fee”; (v) on the Closing Date (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement), immediately following the Alvarium Exchange Effective Time (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) but prior to the Umbrella Merger, CGC shall contribute SPAC Class B Common Stock (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) and cash to a newly formed wholly owned Delaware corporation (“SPAC Holdings”), which SPAC Holdings shall then contribute to Umbrella Merger Sub; (vi) 11,788,132 shares of SPAC Class A Common Stock (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) shall be initially reserved for the post-combination company’s equity incentive plan and 1,813,559 shares of SPAC Class A Common Stock shall be initially reserved for the post-combination company’s
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employee stock purchase plan; and (vii) in addition, the form
of Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement attached as Exhibit F to the A&R Business Combination Agreement was amended to reduce from
100
% to
50
% the percentage of Lock-Up Shares held by the Inactive Target Holders (as defined therein) that are restricted from transfer thereunder.
On January 3, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), Cartesian Growth Corporation, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Cartesian” or the “Company”), consummated the previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2022 (as amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among Cartesian, Rook MS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Umbrella Merger Sub”), Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TWMH”), TIG Trinity GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG GP”), TIG Trinity Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG MGMT” and, together with TIG GP, the “TIG Entities”), Alvarium Investments Limited, an English private limited company (“Alvarium” and, together with TWMH and the TIG Entities, the “Target Companies” and each a “Target Company”), and Alvarium Tiedemann Capital, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Umbrella”). In connection with the Business Combination, Cartesian was renamed “Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc.” (the “Company”). As used herein, the “Company” refers to Cartesian Growth Corporation as a Delaware corporation by way of continuation following the Domestication and the Business Combination, which in connection with the Domestication and simultaneously with the Business Combination, changed its corporate name to “Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc” (see Note 10).
Prior to the Closing Date, the following transactions occurred pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement:
On the Closing Date, the following transactions occurred pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement:
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On January 3, 2023, following the Closing, Alvarium Holdings LLC (which was renamed Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, LLC) became the wholly owned direct subsidiary of Umbrella.
Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement
Pursuant to the A&R Business Combination Agreement, among other things, (i) prior to the closing of the A&R Business Combination Agreement, TWMH and the TIG Entities will take, or cause to be taken, all actions necessary to implement a reorganization such that TWMH and the TIG Entities shall be wholly owned direct or indirect subsidiaries of Umbrella and Umbrella shall be owned solely by the members of TWMH, the members of TIG GP and the members of TIG MGMT; (ii) prior to the Closing, Alvarium will take, or cause to be taken, all actions necessary to implement a reorganization such that Alvarium will be the wholly owned indirect subsidiary of a newly formed Isle of Man entity (“Alvarium Topco”), and Alvarium Topco will be owned solely by the shareholders of Alvarium; (iii) on the business day prior to the Closing Date, we will domesticate as a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and deregister as an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to which each Class A ordinary share outstanding shall be converted into the right to receive one share of Class A Common Stock and we will be renamed “Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, Inc.”; (iv) at the Closing, TIG MGMT, TIG GP and Umbrella will enter into a Distribution Agreement, pursuant to which (a) TIG MGMT will distribute to Umbrella all of the issued and outstanding shares or partnership interests, as applicable, that it holds through its strategic investments in External Strategic Managers (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement), and (b) TIG GP will distribute to Umbrella all of the issued and outstanding shares or interests that it holds through its strategic investment in an External Strategic Manager; (v) at the Closing, (a) each Alvarium Shareholder (other than the Alvarium Class C Shareholder (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) will exchange his, her or its (1) ordinary shares of Alvarium Topco and (2) Class A Shares of Alvarium Topco and (b) the Alvarium Class C Shareholder will exchange his, her or its Alvarium Class C Share, and upon the consummation of the Alvarium Exchange (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement) and the Alvarium Class C Shareholder Exchange (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement), Alvarium Topco will become our direct wholly-owned subsidiary; (vi) at the Closing, we will contribute shares of Class B Common Stock and cash to a newly formed wholly owned Delaware corporation; (vii) at the Closing, immediately following the effective time of the Alvarium Exchange, Umbrella Merger Sub will merge with and into Umbrella, with Umbrella surviving such merger as our direct subsidiary; (viii) at the Closing, following the Alvarium Exchange and the Umbrella Merger, we and Umbrella will enter into the Alvarium Contribution Agreement, pursuant to which (a) we will contribute all of the issued and outstanding shares of Alvarium Topco that we hold to Umbrella, (b) upon the consummation of the Alvarium Contribution (as defined in the A&R Business Combination Agreement), Alvarium Topco will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Umbrella, and (c) following the Closing, Alvarium Topco will be liquidated, whereupon Alvarium Holdings LLC (to be renamed Alvarium Tiedemann Holdings, LLC) will become the wholly owned direct subsidiary of Umbrella (collectively, the “Proposed Business Combination”).
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The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement is subject to customary conditions, representations and warranties, covenants and closing conditions in the Business Combination Agreement, including, but not limited to, approval by our shareholders of the Business Combination Agreement, the effectiveness of a registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-262644), which was initially filed with the SEC on February 11, 2022, in connection with the Proposed Business Combination, and other customary closing conditions, including the receipt of certain regulatory approvals. The transaction is expected to close materially before our mandatory liquidation date. The Company filed amendments to the Form S-4 with the SEC on May 13, 2022, June 27, 2022, July 25, 2022 and August 8, 2022. On October 17, 2022, the SEC declared effective the Form S-4 and the Company commenced mailing the definitive proxy statement/prospectus relating to the Company’s extraordinary general meeting to be held on November 17, 2022 in connection with the Business Combination.
Subscription Agreements
Concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, we entered into subscription agreements (the “PIPE Subscription Agreements”) with certain investors (each a “PIPE Investor”) to purchase, following the Domestication, Class A Common Stock (such shares, collectively, “PIPE Shares”) in an aggregate value of $164,999,807, representing 16,936,715 PIPE Shares at a price of $9.80 per share.
The closing of the sale of PIPE Shares (the “PIPE Closing”) will occur immediately prior to the Closing. The PIPE Closing will be subject to customary conditions, including, but not limited to:
Pursuant to the PIPE Subscription Agreements, we agreed that, within 45 calendar days after the consummation of the Proposed Business Combination, we will file with the SEC a registration statement registering the resale of the PIPE Shares, and we will use our commercially reasonable efforts to have such registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable after the filing thereof; provided, however, that our obligations to include the shares held by a PIPE Investor in such registration statement will be contingent upon the respective PIPE Investor furnishing in writing to us such information regarding the PIPE Investor, the securities held by such PIPE Investor and the intended method of disposition of the shares, as will be reasonably requested by us to effect the registration of such shares, and will execute such documents in connection with such registration, as us may reasonably request that are customary of a selling shareholder in similar situations.
Each PIPE Subscription Agreement will terminate upon the earlier to occur of (i) such date and time as the Business Combination Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, (ii) upon the mutual written agreement of each of the parties to the PIPE Subscription Agreement; or (iii) if any of the conditions to PIPE Closing set forth in Sections 3.2 and 3.3 of such PIPE Subscription Agreement are not satisfied on or prior to the Closing Date and, as a result thereof, the transactions contemplated by such PIPE Subscription Agreement are not consummated at the PIPE Closing.
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On October 25, 2022, we amended each of the PIPE Subscription Agreements, solely to redefine “Subscribed Shares” in the PIPE Subscription Agreements to refer to the sum of the Base Share Number (as defined therein) plus a number of Shares (as defined in the Sponsor Support Agreement dated September 19, 2021 (the “Original Sponsor Support Agreement”)) forfeited pursuant to Section 3 of the Original Sponsor Support Agreement, multiplied by (b) a fraction (i) the numerator of which is the Base Share Number and (ii) the denominator of which is the sum of the number of the Non-Redeemed SPAC Class A Common Shares and the number of Private Placement Shares (each as defined therein).
Registration Statement on Form S-4
The Company filed a registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-262644) (the “Form S-4”) with the SEC on February 11, 2022, in connection with the Business Combination Agreement. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement is subject to customary conditions, representations and warranties, covenants and closing conditions in the Business Combination Agreement, including, but not limited to, approval by the Company’s shareholders of the Business Combination Agreement, the effectiveness of the Form S-4, and other customary closing conditions, including the receipt of certain regulatory approvals. The transaction is expected to close materially before the Company’s mandatory liquidation date. The Company filed amendments to the Form S-4with the SEC on May 13, 2022, June 27, 2022, July 25, 2022 and August 8, 2022. On October 17, 2022, the SEC declared effective the Form S-4 and the Company commenced mailing the definitive proxy statement/prospectus relating to the Company’s extraordinary general meeting to be held on November 17, 2022 in connection with the Business Combination.
On November 17, 2022, Cartesian Growth Corporation (the “Company”) held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (the “Special Meeting”) in connection with the Business Combination Agreement, relating to a proposed business combination between inter alios, the Company, Tiedemann Wealth Management Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TWMH”), TIG Trinity GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG GP”), TIG Trinity Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TIG MGMT” and, together with TIG GP, the “TIG Entities”), Alvarium Investments Limited, an English private limited company (“Alvarium” and, together with TWMH and the TIG Entities, the “Companies”), Rook MS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Umbrella Merger Sub”), and Alvarium Tiedemann Capital, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Umbrella”), as described in the proxy statement filed by the Company with the SEC on October 17, 2022 (the “Proxy Statement”). Present at the Special Meeting were holders of 33,707,929 of the Company’s Ordinary Shares (the “Ordinary Shares”) in person or by proxy, representing 78.163% of the voting power of the Ordinary Shares as of August 31, 2022, the record date for the Special Meeting (the “Record Date”), and constituting a quorum for the transaction of business. As of the Record Date, there were 43,125,000 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding.
At the Special Meeting, the Company’s shareholders approved the Business Combination Proposal, the Domestication Proposal, the Organizational Documents Proposal, the Stock Issuance Proposal, the Equity Incentive Plan Proposal, the Employee Stock Purchase Plan Proposal and the Election of Directors Proposal, in each case as defined and described in greater detail in the Proxy Statement. The Advisory Charter Proposals, as defined and described in greater detail in the Proxy Statement, contained seven non-binding advisory proposals. The Adjournment Proposal, as defined and described in greater detail in the Proxy Statement, was not presented to the Company’s shareholders as the Business Combination Proposal, the Domestication Proposal, the Organizational Documents Proposal, the Stock Issuance Proposal, the Equity Incentive Plan Proposal, the Employee Stock Purchase Plan Proposal and the Election of Directors Proposal each received a sufficient number of votes for approval.
PIPE Investment
As previously announced, on September 19, 2021, concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, Cartesian entered into subscription agreements, as amended on October 25, 2022 (each, as amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, a “Subscription Agreement”) with certain investors (collectively, the “PIPE Investors”) pursuant to which, on the terms and subject to the conditions therein, the PIPE Investors collectively subscribed for 16,936,715 shares of Class A Common Stock (the “PIPE Shares”) at a purchase price of $9.80 per share, for an aggregate purchase price equal to $164,999,807 (the “PIPE Investment”). The PIPE Investment was consummated substantially concurrently with the
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closing of the Business Combination. Upon the closing
of the PIPE Investment, Cartesian simultaneously (i) canceled a number of SPAC Class A Ordinary Shares held by Sponsor equal to the number of Sponsor Redemption Shares and (ii) issued to the PIPE Investors an amount of shares equal to the number of PIPE Shares, divided by the sum of the number of the Non-Redeemed SPAC Class A Common Shares and the number of PIPE Shares, on a pro-rata basis based on the number of PIPE Shares held by such PIPE Investors (the “PIPE Bonus Shares”) (see Note 10).
Risks and Uncertainties
Management continues to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the COVID-19 pandemic could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, and/or results of operations, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The military conflict commenced in February 2022 by the Russian Federation in Ukraine has created and is expected to create further global economic consequences, including but not limited to the possibility of extreme volatility and disruptions in the financial markets, diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in inflation rates and uncertainty about economic and political stability. Such global consequences may materially and adversely affect the Company’s ability to consummate an initial Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates an initial Business Combination. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate an initial Business Combination may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and related sanctions on the global economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and/or ability to consummate an initial Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
On August 16, 2022, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “Inflation Reduction Act”), which, among other things, imposes a 1% excise tax on any domestic corporation that repurchases its stock after December 31, 2022 (the “Excise Tax”). The Excise Tax is imposed on the fair market value of the repurchased stock, with certain exceptions. Because the combined company will be a Delaware corporation and the Company’s securities are expected to trade on Nasdaq following the Business Combination, the Company will be a “covered corporation” within the meaning of the Inflation Reduction Act following the Business Combination. While not free from doubt, absent any further guidance from Congress, the Excise Tax may apply to any redemptions of its Class A ordinary shares after December 31, 2022, including redemptions in connection with the Business Combination, unless an exemption is available.
Issuances of securities in connection with the Business Combination are expected to reduce the amount of the Excise Tax in connection with redemptions occurring in the same calendar year, but the number of securities redeemed may exceed the number of securities issued. Consequently, the Excise Tax may make a transaction with the Company less appealing to potential business combination targets. Further, the application of the Excise Tax in the event of a liquidation is uncertain.
Liquidity
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $85,540 in its operating bank account and working capital deficit of $7,919,107.
On January 3, 2023, the Company consummated its Business Combination therefore substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern was alleviated.
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NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting periods.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had cash of $85,540 and $551,258 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation coverage. The Company has not experienced losses on this account.
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Cash and Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account
Through December 29, 2022 and at December 31, 2021, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in money market funds which invest in U.S. Treasury securities. At December 31, 2022, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust account were transferred and held in the cash in preparation for the Business Combination closing date.
Convertible Debt
The Company accounts for promissory note that feature conversion options in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). ASC 815 requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as freestanding derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. These criteria include circumstances in which (i) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (ii) a promissory note that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable GAAP with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (iii) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.
Warrant Liabilities
The Company evaluates the Warrants (which are discussed in Note 3, Note 4 and Note 9), in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815-40”) and concluded that a provision in its warrant agreement related to certain tender or exchange offers precludes the Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815-40, the Warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities on the balance sheets and measured at fair value at inception (the date of the IPO) and at each reporting date in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” with changes in fair value recognized in the statements of operations in the period of change.
Offering Costs Associated with the Initial Public Offering
The Company complies with the requirements of the FASBASC 340-10-S99-1. Offering costs consisted of legal fees, accounting fees, underwriting fees and other costs incurred through the IPO that were directly related to the IPO. Offering costs are allocated to the separable financial instruments issued in the IPO based on a relative fair value basis, compared to total proceeds received. Offering costs associated with warrant liabilities are expensed as incurred, presented as non-operating expenses in the statements of operations. Offering costs associated with the Class A ordinary shares were charged to temporary equity upon the completion of the IPO.
Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (ASC 480). Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. All of the 34,500,000 Class A ordinary shares contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Class A ordinary shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, if there is a shareholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. In accordance with the SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require ordinary shares subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Ordinary liquidation events, which involve the redemption and liquidation of all of the entity’s equity instruments, are excluded from the provisions of ASC 480. Accordingly, at December 31, 2022 and 2021, all Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.
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The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable ordinary shares are affected by charges against additional paid in capital and accumulated deficit.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Class A ordinary shares subject to redemption reflected on the balance sheets are reconciled in the following table:
Less:
Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants (15,007,500 )
Class A ordinary shares issuance costs (18,671,929 )
Plus:
Remeasurement of carrying value to redemption value 33,679,429
Interest earned on Trust Account 31,308
Interest earned on Trust Account 4,952,531
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.