ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help readers understand our results of operations and financial condition, and is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 and the information contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the captions “Risk Factors" and “Business.”
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including this MD&A, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("the Securities Act"), and is subject to the safe harbors created by those sections. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements. See "Forward Looking Statements."
All dollar and percentage comparisons made herein refer to Fiscal 2021 compared with Fiscal 2020, unless otherwise noted. Please refer to Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2020, filed with the Securities Exchange Commission ("SEC") on February 24, 2021, for a comparative discussion of our Fiscal 2020 financial results as compared to Fiscal 2019.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading developer, marketer, and distributor of branded performance apparel, footwear, and accessories. Our brand’s moisture-wicking fabrications are engineered in various designs and styles for wear in nearly every climate to provide a performance alternative to traditional products. Our products are sold worldwide and worn by athletes at all levels, from youth to professional, on playing fields around the globe, and by consumers with active lifestyles.
During Fiscal 2021, we realized better than expected wholesale and direct-to-consumer sales based on better sell through and demand for Under Armour products in North America, Asia-Pacific, and EMEA. Throughout Fiscal 2021, we remained focused on the quality of our sales driven by four main strategies, particularly in our North America business: reducing our promotional activities; constraining supply against demand; exiting undifferentiated retail; and maintaining an appropriate level of liquidation sales within our wholesale channel. Strategically and operationally, we remain focused on driving premium brand-right growth and improved profitability. Over the long term, our growth strategy is predicated on delivering industry-leading product innovation; return-driven investments focused on connecting with our consumers through marketing activations and premium experiences; and the expansion of our direct-to-consumer and international businesses.
Fiscal 2021 Performance
Financial highlights for Fiscal 2021 as compared to Fiscal 2020 include:
•Total net revenues increased 27.0%.
•Within our channels, wholesale revenue increased 36.2% and direct-to-consumer revenue increased 25.6%.
•Within our product categories, apparel revenue increased 33.3%, footwear revenue increased 35.3%, and accessories revenue increased 11.5%.
•Net revenue in our North America, EMEA, Asia-Pacific, and Latin-America segments increased 29.4%, 40.8%, 32.3%, and 18.5%, respectively.
•Net revenues from Corporate Other decreased 97.4% primarily due to the sale of the MyFitnessPal platform in December 2020.
•Gross margin increased 200 basis points to 50.3%.
•Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 7.5%.
•Restructuring and impairment charges, net decreased 93.3% from $601.6 million during Fiscal 2020 to $40.5 million during Fiscal 2021.
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COVID-19 Update
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and we expect will continue to cause, disruption and volatility in our business and in the businesses of our wholesale customers, licensing partners, suppliers, logistics providers and vendors.
For instance, during Fiscal 2021 the pandemic caused manufacturing challenges, with temporary closures or other restrictions placed on factories, in key sourcing countries in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, where we source approximately one third of our products, and certain partners continue to operate at reduced capacity. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused global logistical challenges, including shipping container shortages, transportation delays, labor shortages and port congestion. These challenges have disrupted some of our normal inbound and outbound inventory flow, which has required us to incur increased freight costs, and are impacting the timing of sales to some of our customers as we work to manage product availability and inventory levels and in certain cases adjust orders and shipping with our factory partners and logistic suppliers. Simultaneously, freight and logistics costs have significantly increased throughout global supply chains. We expect that these manufacturing and sourcing challenges will continue into the next few quarters and will negatively impact our financial results, resulting in delayed sales to certain of our wholesale customers as well as unfulfilled demand or cancelled sales. We also expect gross margin to be negatively impacted due to increased freight costs and logistics costs over the next few quarters.
Moreover, governments worldwide continue to periodically impose preventative and protective actions, such as temporary travel bans, forced business closures, and stay-at-home orders, all in an effort to reduce the spread of the virus. However, such government measures are not implemented consistently or simultaneously around the world, thus making our business susceptible to volatility on a global and regional basis. We believe we may continue to experience varying degrees of volatility, business disruptions and periods of closure of our stores, distribution centers and corporate facilities, although, as of December 31, 2021, substantially all of our Brand and Factory House stores and the stores of our wholesale customers were open. Where reopening has been permitted, some of these retail stores are operating with restrictive and precautionary measures in place such as reduced operating hours, physical distancing, enhanced cleaning and sanitation, and limited occupancy levels.
The COVID-19 pandemic and related disruptions across the global supply chain and retail environment, remains a risk that could have material adverse impacts to our future revenue growth as well as to our overall profitability. The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operational and financial performance depends on future developments that are outside of our control. For a more complete discussion of the COVID-19 related risks facing our business, refer to our "Risk Factors" section included in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In connection with global legislation, including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act, we recognized certain incentives totaling $2.5 million for Fiscal 2021, and $9.0 million for Fiscal 2020. The incentives were recorded as a reduction of the associated costs which we incurred within selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Effects of Inflation
Despite recent heightened inflation in key global markets, including the United States, we do not believe that inflation had a material impact on our results of operations in Fiscal 2021 or Fiscal 2020. However, our business could be impacted by continued or increasing inflation in future periods. See "Risk Factors—Economic and Industry Risks—Our business depends on consumer purchases of discretionary items, which can be negatively impacted during an economic downturn or periods of inflation. This could materially harm our sales, profitability and financial condition" and "—Fluctuations in the cost of raw materials and commodities we use in our products and costs related to our supply chain could negatively affect our operating results" included in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Segment Presentation and Marketing
As previously disclosed, effective January 1, 2021, we no longer report Connected Fitness as a discrete reportable operating segment. Corporate Other now includes the remaining Connected Fitness business consisting of our MapMyRun and MapMyRide platforms (collectively "MMR") for Fiscal 2021 and the entire Connected Fitness business for Fiscal 2020. Please refer to Note 1to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a basis of our presentation and to Note 19to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete presentation of the segment data. All prior period balances have been recast to conform to current period presentation.
Corporate Other consists primarily of revenue and costs related to our MMR platforms, as well as general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally
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managed departments such as global marketing, global IT, global supply chain, innovation, and other corporate support functions; costs related to our global assets and global marketing, costs related to our headquarters; restructuring and impairment related charges; and certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
Fiscal Year End Change
During the first quarter of Fiscal 2021, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year end from December 31 to March 31, effective for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2022. Because our largest quarters are currently realized in the period from July 1 through December 31, we believe that this change will provide greater alignment with our business cycle and financial reporting. There was no change to Fiscal 2021, which ended on December 31, 2021. Following a three month-transition period (January 1, 2022 - March 31, 2022), our Fiscal 2023 will run from April 1, 2022 through March 31, 2023. Consequently, there will be no Fiscal 2022.
2020 Restructuring
During Fiscal 2020, our Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan ranging between $550.0 million to $600.0 million in costs (the "2020 restructuring plan") designed to rebalance our cost base to further improve profitability and cash flow generation.
Restructuring and related impairment charges and recoveries require us to make certain judgments and estimates regarding the amount and timing as to when these charges or recoveries occur. The estimated liability could change subsequent to its recognition, requiring adjustments to the expense and the liability recorded. On a quarterly basis, we conduct an evaluation of the related liabilities and expenses and may revise our assumptions and estimates as appropriate, as new or updated information becomes available. As of December 31, 2021, we currently estimate total restructuring and related charges associated with the 2020 restructuring plan will range between $525.0 million to $550.0 million.
The restructuring and related charges primarily consist of up to approximately:
•$172.0 million of cash restructuring charges, of which approximately $26.0 million relates to employee severance and benefit costs, $14.0 million relates to facility and lease termination costs and $132.0 million relates to contract termination and other restructuring costs; and
•$378.0 million of non-cash charges, of which approximately $293.0 million relates to an impairment charge on our New York City flagship store and $85.0 million relates to intangibles and other asset related impairments.
We recorded $41.0 million of restructuring and related impairment charges for Fiscal 2021 and $472.7 million for Fiscal 2020, under the 2020 restructuring plan. For more details on the 2020 restructuring plan, see Note 12 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
We expect to recognize any remaining charges related to this plan by the end of the first quarter of Fiscal 2023.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following tables set forth key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of net revenues:
Year ended December 31,
Income (loss) from equity method investments 1,255 $ (7,246) $ (47,679)
Year ended December 31,
Selling, general and administrative expenses 41.1 % 48.5 % 42.4 %
Restructuring and impairment charges 0.7 % 13.4 % — %
Income (loss) from operations 8.6 % (13.7) % 4.5 %
Interest income (expense), net (0.8) % (1.1) % (0.4) %
Other income (expense), net (0.9) % 3.8 % (0.1) %
Income (loss) before income taxes 6.9 % (11.0) % 4.0 %
Income tax expense (benefit) 0.6 % 1.1 % 1.3 %
Loss from equity method investment — % (0.2) % (0.9) %
Net income (loss) 6.3 % (12.3) % 1.7 %
Revenues:
Net revenues consist of net sales, license revenues, and revenues from digital subscriptions, sale of digital assets and advertising. Net sales consist of sales from apparel, footwear and accessories products. Our license revenues primarily consist of fees paid to us by licensees in exchange for the use of our trademarks on their products. Net revenues by product category are summarized below for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
(1) Corporate Other primarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program. Effective January 1, 2021, included within Corporate
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Other is the operating results of the remaining Connected Fitness business consisting of MMR for Fiscal 2021 and the entire Connected Fitness for Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019. All prior periods were recast to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income (see Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements).
Net sales
Net sales increased by $1,336.3 million, or 31.6%, to $5,567.3 million in Fiscal 2021 from $4,231.0 million in Fiscal 2020, primarily driven by increased unit sales across all our product categories. These increases as compared to Fiscal 2020 were primarily due to the significant COVID-19 disruptions we experienced during Fiscal 2020, including cancellations of orders by our wholesale partners and closures of retail stores. Net sales growth for Fiscal 2021 was also impacted by previously disclosed changes to customer order flow and supply chain timing resulting in sales shifting from the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2020 to the first quarter of Fiscal 2021. Net sales for Fiscal 2021 increased 12% compared to Fiscal 2019.
License revenues
License revenues increased by $6.8 million, or 6.5%, to $112.6 million in Fiscal 2021, from $105.8 million in Fiscal 2020, driven by higher demand and improved business and financial conditions of our licensees. The increased revenue was primarily from our licensing partners in North America, as this region continues to recover from the impacts of COVID-19.
Corporate Other revenues
Revenues from Corporate Other decreased by $134.3 million in Fiscal 2021, primarily due to the sale of MyFitnessPal in December 2020. See Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for more details.
Gross Profit
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of product costs, inbound freight and duty costs, outbound freight costs, handling costs to make products floor-ready to customer specifications, royalty payments to endorsers based on a predetermined percentage of sales of selected products, and write downs for inventory obsolescence. In general, as a percentage of net revenues, we expect cost of goods sold associated with our apparel and accessories to be lower than that of our footwear. A limited portion of cost of goods sold is associated with digital subscription and advertising revenues, primarily website hosting costs, and no cost of goods sold is associated with our license revenues.
We include outbound freight costs associated with shipping goods to customers as cost of goods sold; however, we include the majority of outbound handling costs as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. As a result, our gross profit may not be comparable to that of other companies that include outbound handling costs in their cost of goods sold. Outbound handling costs include costs associated with preparing goods to ship to customers and certain costs to operate our distribution facilities. These costs were $82.9 million and $80.5 million for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, respectively.
Gross profit increased by $701.4 million to $2,861.5 million in Fiscal 2021, as compared to $2,160.1 million in Fiscal 2020. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues, or gross margin, increased 210 basis points to 50.3%, compared to 48.3% in Fiscal 2020.
This increase in gross margin was primarily driven by the following benefits:
•approximately 360 basis points of pricing improvements driven by lower promotional activity within our direct-to-consumer channel, favorable pricing related to liquidation sales and lower promotions and markdowns across our wholesale channel; and
•approximately 40 basis points from changes in foreign currency.
These benefits were partially offset by the following negative impacts:
•approximately 110 basis points related to the absence of MyFitnessPal, which was sold in December 2020;
•approximately 50 basis points related to supply chain impacts as benefits in product costs were more than offset by higher inbound freight and logistics costs due to COVID-19-related supply chain pressures; and
•approximately 30 basis points related to channel mix as benefits of lower liquidation sales were more than offset by lower e-commerce and a higher distributor sales.
We expect freight costs to continue negatively impacting our gross margin for the next few quarters.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist of costs related to marketing, selling, product innovation and supply chain, and corporate services. We consolidate our selling, general and administrative expenses into two primary categories: marketing and other. The other category is the sum of our selling, product innovation and supply chain, and corporate services categories. The marketing category consists primarily of sports and brand marketing, media, and retail presentation. Sports and brand marketing includes professional, club and collegiate sponsorship agreements, individual athlete and influencer agreements, and providing and selling products directly to teams and individual athletes. Media includes digital, broadcast, and print media outlets, including social and mobile media. Retail presentation includes sales displays and concept shops and depreciation expense specific to our in-store fixture programs. Our marketing costs are an important driver of our growth.
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by$162.8 million, or 7.5%,to $2,334.7 million in Fiscal 2021, as compared to $2,171.9 million in Fiscal 2020. Within selling, general and administrative expense:
•Marketing costs increased $98.8 million or 18.0%, primarily due to reduced marketing activity in the prior fiscal year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase was partially offset by reductions in fees associated with sports marketing assets. As a percentage of net revenues, marketing costs decreased to 11.4% from 12.3% in Fiscal 2020.
•Other costs increased $64.0 million or 3.9%, primarily driven by higher incentive compensation, non salaried wages, retail facility expenses, and a general increase in business activities in Fiscal 2021, as compared to Fiscal 2020, which was more severely impacted by COVID-19. These increases were partially offset by lower legal and depreciation expense. As a percentage of net revenues, other costs decreased to 29.7% from 36.2% in Fiscal 2020.
As a percentage of net revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 41.1% as compared to 48.5% in Fiscal 2020.
Restructuring and Impairment Charges
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Restructuring and impairment charges within our operating expenses were $40.5 million and $601.6 million in Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, respectively. Included in the prior fiscal year was $141.2 million of long-lived asset and goodwill impairment charges, as well as a right of use asset impairment charge of $290.8 million relating to our flagship store in New York City.
Income (Loss) from Operations
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Income from operations increased by $1,099.7 million to $486.3 million in Fiscal 2021. The increase in income from operations was driven primarily by increased revenues along with significantly lower restructuring and impairment charges compared to the prior fiscal year.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net is primarily comprised of interest incurred on our debt facilities, offset by interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.
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Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Interest expense, net decreased by $3.0 million to $44.3 million in Fiscal 2021, as compared to $47.3 million in Fiscal 2020. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in interest expense related to borrowings on our revolving credit facility which were drawn on in the prior fiscal year, and a reduction in interest expense on our Convertible Senior Notes as a result of our repurchase of approximately $419.1 million in aggregate principal amount during Fiscal 2021, partially offset by higher interest expense on our Convertible Senior Notes resulting from the full year impact of interest expense associated with our Convertible Senior Notes issued in May 2020. See Note 8 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense), net primarily consists of unrealized and realized gains and losses on our foreign currency derivative financial instruments, and unrealized and realized gains and losses on adjustments that arise from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relating to transactions generated by our international subsidiaries. Other income (expense), net also includes rent expense relating to lease assets held solely for sublet purposes, primarily the lease related to our New York City flagship store.
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Other income (expense), net decreased by $219.3 million in Fiscal 2021 as compared to Fiscal 2020. This was primarily due to a gain of $179.3 million on the sale of MyFitnessPal platform in Fiscal 2020. In addition, we recognized a $58.5 million loss upon the extinguishment of an aggregate $419.1 million in principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes in Fiscal 2021 and a loss of $10.7 million associated with changes in foreign exchange rates. These were partially offset by a $35 million earn out recorded in connection with the sale of the MyFitnessPal platform.
Income Tax Expense
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
Income tax expense decreased by $17.3 million to $32.1 million in Fiscal 2021 as compared to $49.4 million in Fiscal 2020. We recorded 2021 income tax expense on pretax earnings, inclusive of benefits for the reduction in U.S. valuation allowances, compared to 2020 income tax expense on pretax losses, which included the impact of recording valuation allowances for previously recognized deferred tax assets in the U.S. and China.
Income (Loss) from Equity Method Investments
Income from equity method investment increased by $8.5 million to $1.3 million in Fiscal 2021, as compared to a loss of $7.2 million in Fiscal 2020, which was impacted by a $8.6 million impairment of our equity method investment in our Japanese licensee.
SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our operating segments are based on how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) makes decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. Our segments are defined by geographic regions, including North America, EMEA, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America.
Prior to the sale of MyFitnessPal in December 2020, our CODM also received discrete financial information for our Connected Fitness Segment. However, beginning January 1, 2021, we no longer report Connected Fitness as a discrete reportable operating segment. All prior period balances have been recast to conform to current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income. See Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
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We exclude certain corporate costs from our segment profitability measures. We report these costs within Corporate Other, which is designed to provide increased transparency and comparability of our operating segments performance. The costs included within Corporate Other consists largely of revenue and costs related to our MMR platforms and other digital business opportunities, as well as general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments such as global marketing, global IT, global supply chain and innovation, and other corporate support functions; costs related to our global assets and global marketing; costs related to our headquarters; restructuring and restructuring related charges; and certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
The net revenues and operating income (loss) associated with our segments are summarized in the following tables.
Net revenues by segment and Corporate Other:
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 $ Change % Change
(1)Corporate Other primarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program. Effective January 1, 2021, included within Corporate Other is the operating results of the remaining Connected Fitness business consisting of our MMR platforms for Fiscal 2021 and the entire Connected Fitness business for Fiscal 2020. All prior period balances were recast to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income. See Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Net revenues increased across each of our regional operating segments primarily due to increased sales, as compared to Fiscal 2020, as we experienced significant disruptions in Fiscal 2020 related to COVID-19. The increase in total net revenues for Fiscal 2021, compared to Fiscal 2020, was driven by the following:
•Net revenues in our North America region increased $865.4 million, or 29.4%, to $3,810.4 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $2,945.0 million during Fiscal 2020. This increase was driven by growth within our wholesale and direct-to-consumer channels. When compared to Fiscal 2019, net revenues in our North America region increased by 4.2%.
•Net revenues in our EMEA region increased $244.2 million, or 40.8%, to $842.5 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $598.3 million in Fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by growth within our wholesale, distributor and direct-to-consumer channels. The increase in sales was also due to timing shifts related to changes in customer order flow and supply chain timing from the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2020 to the first quarter of Fiscal 2021. When compared to Fiscal 2019, net revenues in our EMEA region increased by 35.6%.
•Net revenues in our Asia-Pacific region increased $203.1 million, or 32.3%, to $831.8 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $628.7 million during Fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by growth within our wholesale and direct-to-consumer channels. The increase in sales was also due to timing shifts related to changes in customer order flow and supply chain timing from the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2020 to the first quarter of Fiscal 2021. When compared to Fiscal 2019, net revenues in our Asia-Pacific region increased by 30.7%.
•Net revenues in our Latin America region increased $30.4 million, or 18.5%, to $195.2 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $164.8 million in Fiscal 2020. This increase was primarily driven by growth within our wholesale and distributor channel partially offset by a decrease in our direct-to-consumer channel as we have moved to a distributor operating model for certain countries within this region. When compared to Fiscal 2019, net revenues in our Latin America region decreased by 0.5%.
•The decrease in Corporate Other for Fiscal 2021, as compared to Fiscal 2020 is primarily due to the sale of MyFitnessPal in December 2020.
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Operating income (loss) by segment and Corporate Other:
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands) 2021 2020 $ Change % Change (1) 2019 $ Change % Change (1)
(1)"N/M" = not meaningful
(2) Corporate Other primarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program. Effective January 1, 2021, included within Corporate Other is the operating results of the remaining Connected Fitness business consisting of our MMR platforms for Fiscal 2021 and the entire Connected Fitness business for Fiscal 2020. All prior period balances were recast to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income. See Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The increase in total operating income was driven by the following:
•Operating income in our North America region increased $497.5 million to $972.1 million for the Fiscal 2021, as compared to $474.6 million in Fiscal 2020. This was due to the increases in net revenues discussed above and improvements in gross margin due to pricing improvements, including lower promotional activity and markdowns, as well as improved sales mix due to lower liquidations. Additionally, North America incurred lower bad debt expense and lower long lived asset impairment charges. These decreases were partially offset by increased incentive compensation expense, non-salaried wages and increased marketing-related expenses.
•Operating income in our EMEA region increased $72.0 million to $132.6 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $60.6 million in Fiscal 2020. This was due to the increases in net revenues discussed above, improved gross margins due to lower discounts and markdowns and lower selling expenses. These improvements were partially offset by an increase in marketing-related expenses, increased incentive compensation expense, non-salaried wages as well as increased distribution related expenses.
•Operating income in our Asia-Pacific region increased $132.9 million to $132.9 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $2.0 thousand in Fiscal 2020. This was due to the increases in net revenues discussed above, and improvements in gross margin due to pricing improvements driven primarily by lower discounts to franchise partners and promotional activity. Additionally, operating income in our Asia-Pacific region was impacted by lower long-lived asset impairment charges. These improvements were partially offset by an increase in marketing and facility related expenses.
•Operating income in our Latin America region increased $65.2 million to $22.4 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to a loss of $42.8 million in Fiscal 2020. This was due to the increases in net revenues discussed above, lower long-lived asset impairment charges, as well as a reduction in operational costs related to our changing to a distributor model in certain countries within this region.
•Operating loss in our Corporate Other non-operating segment decreased $332.1 million to $773.7 million for Fiscal 2021, as compared to $1,105.8 million in Fiscal 2020. The decrease in operating loss was primarily due to lower restructuring and impairment charges incurred in Fiscal 2021 as compared to Fiscal 2020, partially offset by the sale of MyFitnessPal in December 2020.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our cash requirements have principally been for working capital and capital expenditures. We fund our working capital, primarily inventory, and capital investments from cash flows from operating activities, cash and cash equivalents on hand, and borrowings available under our credit and long term debt facilities. Our working capital requirements generally reflect the seasonality in our business as we historically recognize the majority of our net revenues in the last two quarters of the calendar year. Our capital investments have generally included expanding our in-store fixture and branded concept shop program, improvements and expansion of our distribution and
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corporate facilities, leasehold improvements to our Brand and Factory House stores, and investment and improvements in information technology systems. Our inventory strategy is focused on continuing to meet consumer demand while improving our inventory efficiency over the long term by putting systems and processes in place to improve our inventory management. These systems and processes are designed to improve our forecasting and supply planning capabilities. In addition to systems and processes, key areas of focus that we believe enhance inventory performance are added discipline around the purchasing of product, production lead time reduction, and better planning and execution in selling of excess inventory through our Factory House stores and other liquidation channels.
As of December 31, 2021, we had $1.7 billion of cash and cash equivalents. We believe our cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash from operations, our ability to reduce our expenditures as needed, borrowings available to us under our amended credit agreement, our ability to access the capital markets, and other financing alternatives are adequate to meet our liquidity needs and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. In addition, from time to time, based on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors and subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we may seek to utilize cash on hand, borrowings or raise capital to retire, repurchase or redeem our debt securities, repay debt, repurchase shares of our common stock or otherwise enter into similar transactions to support our capital structure and business or utilize excess cash flow on a strategic basis. For example, in May 2021 and August 2021, we entered in Exchange Agreements pursuant to which we repurchased $250 million and $169.1 million, respectively, aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes in exchange for a combination of cash and shares for our Class C Common Stock.
As discussed above, COVID-19 has continued to create supply chain challenges that will impact the availability of inventory over the next few quarters. If there are unexpected material impacts to our business in future periods from COVID-19 and we need to raise or conserve additional cash to fund our operations, we may consider additional alternatives similar to those we used in Fiscal 2020, including further reducing our expenditures, changing our investment strategies, negotiating payment terms with our customers and vendors, reductions in compensation costs, including through temporary reductions in pay and layoffs, and limiting certain marketing and capital expenditures. In addition, we may seek alternative sources of liquidity, including but not limited to, accessing the capital markets, sale leaseback transactions or other sales of assets, or other alternative financing measures. However, instability in, or tightening of the capital markets, could adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets on terms acceptable to us or at all. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity over the long term, a prolonged or more severe economic recession, inflationary pressure, or a slow recovery could adversely affect our business and liquidity.
Refer to our “Risk Factors” section included in Item 1A in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
At December 31, 2021, $612.2 million or approximately 37%, of cash and cash equivalents was held by our foreign subsidiaries. Based on the capital and liquidity needs of our foreign operations, we intend to indefinitely reinvest these funds outside the United States. In addition, our United States operations do not require the repatriation of these funds to meet our currently projected liquidity needs. Should we require additional capital in the United States, we may elect to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds or raise capital in the United States.
The Company will continue to permanently reinvest these earnings, as well as future earnings from our foreign subsidiaries, to fund international growth and operations. If we were to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds, we would be required to accrue and pay certain taxes upon repatriation, including foreign withholding taxes and certain U.S. state taxes and record foreign exchange rate impacts. Determination of the unrecorded deferred tax liability that would be incurred if such amounts were repatriated is not practicable.
Contractual Commitments
We lease warehouse space, office facilities, space for our Brand and Factory House stores and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at our option, and include provisions for rental adjustments. In addition, this table includes executed lease agreements for Brand and Factory House stores that we did not yet occupy as of December 31, 2021. The operating leases generally contain renewal provisions for varying periods of time. Our significant contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2021 are summarized in the following table:
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Payments Due by Period
(1) Includes estimated interest payments based on applicable fixed interest rates as of December 31, 2021, timing of scheduled payments, and the term of the debt obligations.
(2) Includes the minimum payments for lease obligations. The lease obligations do not include any contingent rent expense we may incur at our Brand and Factory house stores based on future sales above a specified minimum or payments made for maintenance, insurance and real estate taxes. Contingent rent expense was $16.1 million for Fiscal 2021.
(3) We generally place orders with our manufacturers at least three to four months in advance of expected future sales. The amounts listed for product purchase obligations primarily represent our open production purchase orders with our manufacturers for our apparel, footwear and accessories, including expected inbound freight, duties and other costs. These open purchase orders specify fixed or minimum quantities of products at determinable prices. The product purchase obligations also includes fabric commitments with our suppliers, which secure a portion of our material needs for future seasons. The reported amounts exclude product purchase liabilities included in accounts payable as of December 31, 2021.
(4) Includes sponsorships with professional teams, professional leagues, colleges and universities, individual athletes, athletic events and other marketing commitments in order to promote our brand. Some of these sponsorship agreements provide for additional performance incentives and product supply obligations. It is not possible to determine how much we will spend on product supply obligations on an annual basis as contracts generally do not stipulate specific cash amounts to be spent on products. The amount of product provided to these sponsorships depends on many factors including general playing conditions, the number of sporting events in which they participate and our decisions regarding product and marketing initiatives. In addition, it is not possible to determine the performance incentive amounts we may be required to pay under these agreements as they are primarily subject to certain performance based and other variables. The amounts listed above are the fixed minimum amounts required to be paid under these sponsorship agreements. Additionally, these amounts include minimum guaranteed royalty payments to endorsers and licensors based upon a predetermined percent of sales of particular products.
The table above excludes a liability of $38.9 million for uncertain tax positions, including the related interest and penalties, recorded in accord with applicable accounting guidance, as we are unable to reasonable estimate the timing of settlement. Refer to Note 17to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of our uncertain tax positions.
Cash Flows
The following table presents the major components of our cash flows provided by and used in operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented:
Year ended December 31,
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating Activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities increased by $452.0 million, as compared to Fiscal 2020, primarily driven by an increase in net income, before the impact of non-cash items, of $632.3 million, partially offset by a decrease from changes in working capital of $180.4 million.
The changes in working capital were primarily due to decreases of:
•$433.3 million resulting from changes in accrued expenses and other liabilities, primarily due to the commencement of the operating lease relating to our New York City flagship store which was included in Fiscal 2020;
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•$198.8 million resulting from changes in accounts receivable primarily due to our previously disclosed changes to customer order flow and supply chain timing from the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2020 to the first quarter of Fiscal 2021, and an increase in net revenues of $1,208.8 million; and
•$19.6 million resulting from changes in customer refund liability.
These decreases in working capital were partially offset by increases in working capital of:
•$339.5 million resulting from changes in other non-current assets, primarily due to the commencement of our New York City flagship store and the related operating lease ROU asset which was included in Fiscal 2020;
•$78.0 million resulting from changes in inventories on account of better inventory management and demand constraints; and
•$66.7 million resulting from changes in accounts payable.
Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities decreased by $134.7 million, as compared to Fiscal 2020, primarily due to proceeds from the sale of MyFitnessPal of $198.9 million in Fiscal 2020.
Total capital expenditures in Fiscal 2021 were $69.8 million, or approximately 1% of net revenues, representing a $22.5 million decline from $92.3 million in Fiscal 2020. In Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2021, we reduced capital expenditures in response to ongoing uncertainty related to COVID-19 and to preserve working capital. Moving forward, we anticipate capital expenditures to normalize back towards our long-term operating principle of between 3% and 5% of annual net revenues as we invest in our global direct-to-consumer, e-Commerce and digital businesses, informational technology systems, distribution centers and our global offices. With regard to our new corporate headquarters, in April 2021, we unveiled plans to construct a new global headquarters in the Port Covington area of Baltimore, Maryland. We are designing our new headquarters in line with our long-term sustainability strategy, which includes a commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase sourcing of renewable electricity in our owned and operated facilities. We expect a portion of our capital expenditures over the short term to include investments incorporating sustainable and intelligent building design features into this facility.
Financing Activities
Cash flows used in financing activities increased by $855.6 million, as compared to Fiscal 2020. During Fiscal 2021, we used $418.7 million of cash for financing activities, whereas during Fiscal 2020, we had cash inflow of $436.9 million from financing activities. The cash outflow of $418.7 million was primarily related to approximately $506.3 million paid to certain holders for the exchange of $419.1 million in aggregate principal amount of our 1.50% convertible senior notes (the "Convertible Senior Notes"). Concurrently with these exchanges we entered into agreements to terminate a portion of the capped call transactions previously entered into in connection with our initial offering of the Convertible Senior Notes and received approximately $91.7 million from the option counterparties in connection with such termination agreements. For more details, see discussion below under "1.50% Convertible Senior Notes".
Capital Resources
Credit Facility
On March 8, 2019, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement by and among us, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (the “credit agreement”). In May 2020, we entered into an amendment to the credit agreement (the “first amendment”), pursuant to which the prior revolving credit commitments were reduced from $1.25 billion to $1.1 billion of borrowings. Subsequently, in May 2021, we entered into a second amendment to the credit agreement (the "second amendment"), which provides for certain changes to our covenants and decreases to certain applicable rates effected by the first amendment. In December 2021, we entered into a third amendment to the credit agreement (the "third amendment" and, the credit agreement as amended by the first amendment, the second amendment and the third amendment, the "amended credit agreement" or the "revolving credit facility"), which extends the term of the credit agreement from March 8, 2024 to December 3, 2026, with permitted extension under certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility.
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Where the first amendment previously provided for suspensions of and adjustments to our existing interest coverage covenant and leverage covenant (each as defined below), and further required us to maintain a specific amount of minimum liquidity during certain quarters, the second amendment provided that these financial covenants became effective again as of March 31, 2021 and removed the minimum liquidity covenant. The second amendment also (i) decreases the interest rate margins that were previously provided for under the first amendment; (ii) reverses limitations effected by the first amendment on expansions of and extensions of the maturity of the revolving credit facility during the covenant suspension period; and (iii) removes additional limitations on the availability of certain exceptions to the negative covenants, including the restricted payments covenant, that were imposed during the covenant suspension period.
The third amendment also (i) decreases the applicable margins for borrowings and undrawn commitment fees; (ii) provides for the fall away of collateral and guarantee requirements following an investment-grade rating from two rating agencies; (iii) implements SOFR as the replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate for U.S. dollar borrowings (and analogous benchmark rate replacements for borrowings in Yen, Canadian Dollars, Pound Sterling and Euro); and (iv) amends certain affirmative and negative covenants and related definitions.
At our request and a lender's consent, commitments under the amended credit agreement may be increased by up to $300.0 million in aggregate, subject to certain conditions as set forth in the amended credit agreement. Incremental borrowings are uncommitted and the availability thereof will depend on market conditions at the time we seek to incur such borrowings.
Borrowings, if any, under the revolving credit facility have maturities of less than one year. Up to $50.0 million of the facility may be used for the issuance of letters of credit. As of December 31, 2021, there was $4.3 million of letters of credit outstanding (December 31, 2020 had $4.3 million letters of credit outstanding).
Our obligations under the amended credit agreement are guaranteed by certain domestic significant subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc., subject to customary exceptions (the “subsidiary guarantors”) and primarily secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of Under Armour, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors, excluding real property, capital stock in and debt of subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc. holding certain real property and other customary exceptions. However, the third amendment provides for the permanent fall away of guarantees and collateral upon our achievement of investment grade rating from two rating agencies.
The amended credit agreement contains negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability to, among other things: incur additional secured and unsecured indebtedness; pledge the assets as security; make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions, (including investments in and loans to non-guarantor subsidiaries); undergo fundamental changes; sell assets outside the ordinary course of business; enter into transactions with affiliates; and make restricted payments.
We are also required to maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA, to consolidated interest expense of not less than 3.50 to 1.0 (the "interest coverage covenant") and we are not permitted to allow the ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA to be greater than 3.25 to 1.0 (the "leverage covenant"), as described in more detail in the amended credit agreement.
As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with the applicable covenants.
In addition, the amended credit agreement contains events of default that are customary for a facility of this nature, and includes a cross default provision whereby an event of default under other material indebtedness, as defined in the amended credit agreement, will be considered an event of default under the amended credit agreement.
Borrowings under the amended credit agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our option, either (a) an alternate base rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars), (b) a term rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars, Euros, Japanese Yen or Canadian Dollars) or (c) a "risk free" rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars or Pounds Sterling), plus in each case an applicable margin. The applicable margin for loans will be adjusted by reference to a grid (the “pricing grid”) based on the leverage ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA and ranges between 1.00% to 1.75% (or, in the case of alternate base rate loans 0.00% to 0.75%). We will also pay a commitment fee determined in accordance with the pricing grid on the average daily unused amount of the revolving credit facility and certain fees with respect to letters of credit.
The weighted average interest rate under the revolving credit facility borrowings was 2.3% during Fiscal 2020. There were no borrowings outstanding during Fiscal 2021. As of December 31, 2021, the commitment fee was 15 basis points.
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1.50% Convertible Senior Notes
In May 2020, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.50% convertible senior notes due 2024 (the “Convertible Senior Notes”). The Convertible Senior Notes bear interest at the rate of 1.50% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning December 1, 2020. The Convertible Senior Notes will mature on June 1, 2024, unless earlier converted in accordance with their terms, redeemed in accordance with their terms or repurchased.
The net proceeds from the offering (including the net proceeds from the exercise of the over-allotment option) were $488.8 million, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and estimated offering expenses that we paid, of which we used $47.9 million to pay the cost of the capped call transactions described below. We utilized $439.9 million to repay indebtedness that was outstanding under our revolving credit facility at the time, and to pay related fees and expenses.
The Convertible Senior Notes are not secured and are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries.
In May 2021, we entered into exchange agreements with certain holders of the Convertible Senior Notes (the "first exchanging holders"), who agreed to exchange $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes for cash and/or shares of our Class C Common Stock, plus payment for accrued and unpaid interest (the "First Exchange"). In connection with the First Exchange, we paid approximately $300.0 million cash and issued approximately 11.1 million shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock to the first exchanging holders. In August 2021, we entered into additional exchange agreements with certain holders of the Convertible Senior Notes (the "second exchanging holders"), who agreed to exchange approximately $169.1 million in aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes for cash and/or shares of our Class C Common Stock, plus payment for accrued and unpaid interest (the "Second Exchange" and, together with the First Exchange, the "Exchanges"). In connection with the Second Exchange, we paid approximately $207.0 million cash and issued approximately 7.7 million shares of our Class C Common Stock to the second exchanging holders. In connection with the Exchanges, we recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of approximately $58.5 million for Fiscal 2021, which has been recorded within Other Income (Expense), net on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Following the Exchanges, approximately $80.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding.
The Convertible Senior Notes are convertible into cash, shares of our Class C Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Class C Common Stock, at our election, as described further below. The initial conversion rate is 101.8589 shares of our Class C Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $9.82 per share of Class C Common Stock), subject to adjustment if certain events occur. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024, holders may (at their option) convert their Convertible Senior Notes only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions:
•during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended on September 30, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
•during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day;
•upon the occurrence of specified corporate events or distributions on our Class C Common Stock; or
•if we call any Convertible Senior Notes for redemption prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024.
On or after January 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes at the conversion rate at any time irrespective of the foregoing conditions.
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On or after December 6, 2022, we may redeem for cash all or any part of the Convertible Senior Notes, at our option, if the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes) prior to the maturity date, subject to certain conditions, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof at a price which will be equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Concurrently with the offering of the Convertible Senior Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, and Citibank, N.A. (the “option counterparties”). The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce potential dilution to our Class C Common Stock upon any conversion of Convertible Senior Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the aggregate principal amount of converted Convertible Senior Notes upon any conversion thereof, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap based on the cap price. The cap price of the capped call transactions is initially $13.4750 per share of our Class C Common Stock, representing a premium of 75% above the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock on May 21, 2020, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions.
In May 2021 and August 2021, concurrently with the Exchanges, we entered into, with each of the option counterparties, termination agreements relating to a number of options corresponding to the number of Convertible Senior Notes exchanged. Pursuant to such termination agreements, each of the option counterparties paid us a cash settlement amount in respect of the portion of capped call transactions being terminated. We received approximately $53.0 million and $38.6 million in connection with such termination agreements related to the First Exchange and the Second Exchange, respectively.
The Convertible Senior Notes contain a cash conversion feature, and as a result, we have separated it into liability and equity components. We valued the liability component based on our borrowing rate for a similar debt instrument that does not contain a conversion feature. The equity component, which is recognized as a debt discount, was valued as the difference between the face value of the Convertible Senior Notes and the fair value of the liability component.
In connection with the Convertible Senior Notes issuance, we incurred deferred financing costs of $12.3 million, primarily related to fees paid to the initial purchasers of the offering, as well as legal and accounting fees. These costs were allocated on a pro rata basis, with $10.0 million allocated to the debt component and $2.2 million allocated to the equity component. As of December 31, 2021, the equity component, net of issuance costs was $88.7 million.
The debt discount and the debt portion of the deferred financing costs are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Senior Notes using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate for the three months ended December 31, 2021 was 6.8%.
3.250% Senior Notes
In June 2016, we issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.250% senior unsecured notes due June 15, 2026 (the “Senior Notes”). The proceeds were used to pay down amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility, at the time. Interest is payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 beginning December 15, 2016. Prior to March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), we may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed or a "make-whole" amount applicable to such Senior Notes as described in the indenture governing the Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains covenants, including limitations that restrict our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to create or incur secured indebtedness and enter into sale and leaseback transactions and our ability to consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our properties or assets to another person, in each case subject to material exceptions described in the indenture.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To prepare these financial statements, we must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Our estimates are often based on complex judgments, probabilities and assumptions that management believes to be reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. It is also possible that other professionals, applying reasonable judgment to the same facts and circumstances, could develop and support a range of alternative estimated amounts. Actual results could be significantly different from these estimates. We believe the following addresses the critical accounting estimates and assumptions that are necessary to understand and evaluate our reported financial results.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification 606 ("ASC 606"). The amount of revenue recognized considers terms of sale that create variability in the amount of consideration that we ultimately expect to be entitled to in exchange for the products or services and is subject to an overall constraint that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods.
We record reductions to revenue at the time of the transaction for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts. We base these estimates on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by us. The actual amount of customer returns and allowances, which are inherently uncertain, may differ from our estimates. If we determine that actual or expected returns or allowances are significantly higher or lower than the reserves we established, we would record a reduction or increase, as appropriate, to net sales in the period in which we make such a determination. Provisions for customer specific discounts are based on contractual obligations with certain major customers. Reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts are included within customer refund liability and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were $164.3 million and $203.4 million, respectively, in reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts within customer refund liability and $47.6 million and $57.9 million, respectively, as the estimated value of inventory associated with the reserves for sales returns within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We make ongoing estimates relating to the collectability of accounts receivable and maintain an allowance for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In determining the amount of the reserve, we consider historical levels of credit losses and significant economic developments within the retail environment that could impact the ability of our customers to pay outstanding balances and make judgments about the creditworthiness of significant customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. Because we cannot predict future changes in the financial stability of our customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from estimates. If the financial condition of customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger reserve might be required. In the event we determine a smaller or larger reserve is appropriate, we would record a benefit or charge to selling, general and administrative expense in the period in which such a determination was made. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the allowance for doubtful accounts was$7.1 million and $20.4 million, respectively.
Inventory Valuation and Reserves
Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. Costs of finished goods inventories include all costs incurred to bring inventory to its current condition, including inbound freight, duties and other costs. We value our inventory at standard cost which approximates landed cost, using the first-in, first-out method of cost determination. Net realizable value is estimated based upon assumptions made about future demand and retail market conditions. If we determine that the estimated net realizable value of our inventory is less than the carrying value of such inventory, we record a charge to cost of goods sold to reflect the lower of cost or net realizable value. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those that we projected, further adjustments may be required that would increase the cost of goods sold in the period in which such a determination was made. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the inventory reserve was$32.0 million and $44.6 million, respectively.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and are allocated to the reporting units that are expected to receive the related benefits. Goodwill and indefinite lived
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intangible assets are not amortized and are required to be tested for impairment at least annually or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In conducting an annual impairment test, we first review qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that is the case, we perform the goodwill impairment test. We compare the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. We estimate fair value using the discounted cash flows model, under the income approach, which indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the reporting unit to generate in the future. Our significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: our weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit's business, and working capital effects. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to be in effect when such assets or liabilities are realized or settled. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances when necessary. The Company has made the policy election to record any liability associated with Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) in the period in which it is incurred.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions may cause a change to the effective tax rate. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Assessing whether deferred tax assets are realizable requires significant judgment. We consider all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating performance and expectations of future operating performance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is often dependent upon future taxable income and therefore can be uncertain. To the extent we believe it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the asset will not be realized, valuation allowances are established against our deferred tax assets, which increase income tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.
A significant portion of our deferred tax assets relate to U.S. federal and state taxing jurisdictions. Realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent on future U.S. pre-tax earnings. In evaluating the recoverability of these deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2021, the Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to the following:
Positive
•Current year pre-tax earnings.
•Restructuring plans undertaken in 2017, 2018, and 2020, which aim to improve future profitability.
•No history of U.S. federal and state tax attributes expiring unused.
•Existing sources of taxable income.
•Available prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.
Negative
•Restructuring plan undertaken in Fiscal 2020 resulting in significant charges in pre-tax income, reducing profitability in the United States.
•The negative economic impact and uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
•Cumulative pre-tax losses in recent years in the United States.
•Inherent challenges in forecasting future pre-tax earnings which rely, in part, on improved profitability from our restructuring efforts.
As of December 31, 2021, we believe that the weight of the negative evidence outweighs the positive evidence regarding the realization of our U.S. deferred tax assets and have recorded a valuation allowance against the U.S. deferred tax assets.
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As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect its view of the future realization of DTAs. Our current forecasts for the United States indicate that it is probable that additional deferred taxes could be realizable based on near term trend towards three-year cumulative taxable earnings. The actualization of these forecasted results may potentially outweigh the negative evidence, resulting in a reversal of all or a portion of previously recorded valuation allowances in the United States. The release of valuation allowances would result in a benefit to income tax expense in the period the release is recorded, which could have a material impact on net income. The timing and amount of the potential valuation allowance release are subject to significant management judgment, as well as prospective pre-tax earnings in the United States. We will continue to evaluate our ability to realize our net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis.
Stock-Based Compensation
The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards represent management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. In addition, compensation expense for performance-based awards is recorded over the related service period when achievement of the performance targets is deemed probable, which requires management judgment.
Summary of Significant Account Policies
Refer to Note 2 of our Consolidated Financial Statements, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a summary of our significant accounting policies and our assessment of recently issued accounting standards.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency and Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to global market risks, including the effects of changes in foreign currency and interest rates. We use derivative instruments to manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business and do not hold or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
We may elect to designate certain derivatives as hedging instruments under U.S. GAAP. We formally document all relationships between designated hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking hedged transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives designated as hedges to forecasted cash flows and assessing, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of the hedging relationships.
Our foreign exchange risk management program consists of designated cash flow hedges and undesignated hedges. As of December 31, 2021, we had hedge instruments, primarily for British Pound/U.S. Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Chinese Renminbi, Euro/U.S. Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Japanese Yen and U.S. Dollar/Mexican Peso currency pairs. All derivatives are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and classified based on the instruments maturity dates. The table below provides information about our foreign currency forward exchange agreements and presents the notional amounts and weighted average exchange rates by contractual maturity dates:
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Fair Value as of Year Ended
On-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
USD Functional Currency
CNY Functional Currency
CAD Functional Currency
MXN Functional Currency
We currently generate a majority of our consolidated net revenues in the United States, and the reporting currency for our Consolidated Financial Statements is the U.S. dollar. As our net revenues and expenses generated outside of the United States increase, our results of operations could be adversely impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For example, as we recognize foreign revenues in local foreign currencies and if the U.S. dollar strengthens, it could have a negative impact on our foreign revenues upon translation of those results into the U.S. dollar upon consolidation of our financial statements. In addition, we are exposed to gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relating to transactions generated by our international subsidiaries in currencies other than their local currencies. These gains and losses are driven by non-functional currency generated revenue, non-functional currency inventory purchases, investments in U.S. Dollar denominated available-for-sale debt securities, and certain other intercompany transactions. As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate notional value of our outstanding cash flow hedges was $556.5 million, with contract maturities ranging from one to twenty-four months.
In order to maintain liquidity and fund business operations, we may enter into long term debt arrangements with various lenders which bear a range of fixed and variable rates of interest. The nature and amount of our long term debt can be expected to vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions and other factors. We may elect to enter into interest rate swap contracts to reduce the impact associated with interest rate fluctuations from time to time. Our interest rate swap contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges.
For contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income and are recognized in current earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects current earnings. One of the criteria for this accounting treatment is the notional value of these derivative contracts should not be in excess of specifically identified anticipated transactions. By their very nature, our estimates of the anticipated transactions may fluctuate over time and may ultimately vary from actual transactions. When anticipated transaction estimates or actual transaction amounts decline below hedged levels, or if it is no longer probable a forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time, we are required to reclassify the cumulative change in fair value of the over-hedged portion of the related hedge contract from Other comprehensive income (loss) to Other expense, net during the period in which the decrease occurs.
We enter into derivative contracts with major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings and are exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by these financial institutions. This credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains in the derivative contracts. However, we monitor the credit quality of these
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financial institutions and consider the risk of counterparty default to be minimal. Although we have entered into foreign currency contracts to minimize some of the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on future cash flows, we cannot be assured that foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations will not have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Credit Risk
We are exposed to credit risk primarily on our accounts receivable. We provide credit to customers in the ordinary course of business and perform ongoing credit evaluations. We believe that our exposure to concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is largely mitigated by our customer base. We believe that our allowance for doubtful accounts is sufficient to cover customer credit risks as of December 31, 2021. Refer to "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts" for a further discussion on our policies.
Inflation
Inflationary factors such as increases in the cost of our product and overhead costs may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our financial position or results of operations in recent periods, our business could be impacted by continued or increasing inflation in future periods. See our "Risk Factors—Economic and Industry Risks—Our business depends on consumer purchases of discretionary items, which can be negatively impacted during an economic downturn or periods of inflation. This could materially harm our sales, profitability and financial condition" included in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. We conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013. This evaluation included review of the documentation of controls, evaluation of the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operating effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Based on our evaluation, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
/s/ PATRIK FRISK Chief Executive Officer and President
Patrik Frisk
/s/ DAVID E. BERGMAN Chief Financial Officer
David E. Bergman
Dated: February 23, 2022
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Under Armour, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Under Armour, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, including the related notes and schedule of valuation and qualifying accounts for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021 listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Changes in Accounting Principles
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases in 2019.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable
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assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Reserve for Customer Returns
As described in Notes 2 and 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded $164.3 million as of December 31, 2021 in reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts within customer refund liability. Management bases its estimates of the reserve for customer returns on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by the Company.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the reserve for customer returns is a critical audit matter are the high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort, in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumption related to the amount of outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the estimation of management’s customer returns reserve, including the assumption related to the outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company. These procedures also included, among others, testing management’s process for developing the customer returns reserve; evaluating the appropriateness of the method; testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of underlying data used in the estimate; and evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumption related to the amount of outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company. Evaluating management’s assumption related to outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company involved evaluating whether the assumption used by management was reasonable considering (i) historical rates of customer returns; (ii) specific identification of outstanding returns; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Baltimore, Maryland
February 23, 2022
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2003.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share data)
Assets
Current assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net 286,422 282,300
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
Stockholders’ equity (Note 10)
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss (47,610) (59,185)
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9)
Related Party Transactions (Note 20)
Subsequent Event (Note 21)
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended December 31,
Income (loss) from equity method investments 1,255 (7,246) (47,679)
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C common stock
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Gain (loss) on intra-entity foreign currency transactions (476) 14,715 (886)
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(In thousands)
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures 154 — — — — — — — — —
Stock-based compensation expense — — — — — — 49,618 — — 49,618
Exercise of stock options 148 $ — — $ — 136 $ — $ 517 $ — $ — $ 517
Stock-based compensation expense — $ — — $ — — $ — $ 42,070 $ — $ — $ 42,070
Exercise of stock options 6 $ — — $ — 7 $ — $ 23 $ — $ — $ 23
Stock-based compensation expense — $ — — $ — — $ — $ 43,794 $ — $ — $ 43,794
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries`
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
Cash flows from operating activities
Unrealized foreign currency exchange rate gain (loss) 18,877 (9,295) (2,073)
Loss on extinguishment of senior convertible notes 58,526 — —
Gain on sale of the MyFitnessPal platform — (179,318) —
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Cash flows from investing activities
Sale of property and equipment 1,413 — —
Sale of the MyFitnessPal platform — 198,916 —
Purchase of businesses — (40,280) —
Purchases of other assets — — (1,311)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from long term debt and revolving credit facility — 1,288,753 25,000
Proceeds from capped call 91,722 — —
Purchase of capped call — (47,850) —
Employee taxes paid for shares withheld for income taxes (5,983) (3,675) (4,235)
Other financing fees — 100 63
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Change in accrual for property and equipment $ 19,214 $ (13,875) $ (8,084)
Other supplemental information
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries`
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Business
Under Armour, Inc. (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, the "Company") is a developer, marketer and distributor of branded athletic performance apparel, footwear and accessories. The Company creates products engineered to make athletes better with a vision to inspire performance solutions you never knew you needed and can't imagine living without. The Company's products are made, sold and worn worldwide.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Under Armour, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions were eliminated upon consolidation. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the term “Fiscal 2021” means the Company's fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2021 and ended December 31, 2021; the term “Fiscal 2020” means the Company's fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2020 and ended December 31,2020; and the term "Fiscal 2019" means the Company's fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2019 and ended December 31, 2019.
Connected Fitness
Prior to January 1, 2021, the Company's previously reported "Connected Fitness" segment was comprised of digital subscription and advertising conducted through various platforms, predominantly the MyFitnessPal, MapMyFitness, consisting of applications such as MapMyRun and MapMyRide (collectively "MMR"), and Endomondo platforms. While the Company continues to operate the MMR platforms, MyFitnessPal was sold in December 2020 and Endomondo was wound down in December 2020 as part of the Company's 2020 restructuring plan. As a result of these changes, beginning in the first quarter of Fiscal 2021, the Company no longer reports Connected Fitness as a discrete reportable segment. The operating results of MMR are now included within the Company’s Corporate Other segment. Where applicable, all prior periods that used to separately reflect financial information about the Connected Fitness business have been recast to be included within the Corporate Other reportable segment, in order to conform with current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated net revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income.
Management Estimates and COVID-19 Update
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates, judgments and assumptions are evaluated on an on-going basis. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable at that time; however, actual results could differ from these estimates.
Further, COVID-19 continues to significantly impact the global economy. As the impacts of the pandemic continue to evolve, estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and therefore require increased judgment. The extent to which the evolving pandemic impacts the Company's financial statements will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, any new information that may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 and the actions that governments around the world may take to contain the virus or treat its impact. While the Company believes it has made appropriate accounting estimates and assumptions based on the facts and circumstances available as of this reporting date, the Company may experience further impacts based on long-term effects on the Company's customers and the countries in which the Company operates. Please see the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 305 "Cash and Cash Equivalents", the Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company's restricted cash is reserved for cash collateral held for standby letters of credit and payments related to claims for its captive insurance program, which is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The majority of the Company’s accounts receivable is due from large wholesale customers. One of the Company's customers accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2021. None of the Company's customers accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2020. For Fiscal 2021, one customer in North America accounted for approximately 11% of the Company's net revenues. For Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, no customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's net revenues. The Company regularly evaluates the credit risk of its large wholesale customers, which make up the majority of the Company's accounts receivable. Refer to "Credit Losses - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts" below for a discussion of the evaluation of credit losses.
Credit Losses - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Credit losses are the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through customer receivables associated with the sale of products within the Company's wholesale channel, recorded within accounts receivable, net on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company also has other receivables, including receivables from licensing arrangements recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Credit is extended to wholesale customers based on a credit review. The credit review considers each customer’s financial condition, including a review of the customer's established credit rating or, if an established credit rating is not available, then the Company's assessment of the customer’s creditworthiness is based on their financial statements, local industry practices, and business strategy. A credit limit and invoice terms are established for each customer based on the outcome of this review. The Company actively monitors ongoing credit exposure through review of customer balances against terms and payments against due dates. To mitigate credit risk from the wholesale channel, the Company may require customers to provide security in the form of guarantees, letters of credit, deposits, collateral or prepayment. Further, to mitigate certain risk from other wholesale customers, the Company has acquired specific trade accounts receivable insurance policies.
The Company is also exposed to credit losses through credit card receivables associated with the sale of products within the Company's direct-to-consumer channel.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of customer accounts receivable. In accordance with Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-13 "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses", the Company makes ongoing estimates relating to the collectability of accounts receivable and records an allowance for estimated losses expected from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company establishes expected credit losses by evaluating historical levels of credit losses, current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay, and creditworthiness of significant customers. These inputs are used to determine a range of expected credit losses and an allowance is recorded within the range. Accounts receivable are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.
Inventories
Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. Costs of finished goods inventories include all costs incurred to bring inventory to its current condition, including inbound freight, duties and other costs. In accordance with ASC Topic 330 "Inventory", the Company values its inventory at standard cost which approximates landed cost, using the first-in, first-out method of cost determination. Net realizable value is estimated based upon assumptions made about future demand and retail market conditions. If the Company determines that the estimated net realizable value of its inventory is less than the carrying value of such inventory, it records a charge to cost of goods sold to reflect the lower of cost or net realizable value. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected
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by the Company, further adjustments may be required that would increase the cost of goods sold in the period in which such a determination was made.
Property and Equipment
In accordance with ASC Topic 360 "Property, Plant and Equipment", property and equipment are stated at cost, including the cost of internal labor for software customized for internal use, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Years
Site improvements, buildings and building equipment 10 to 35
(1) The cost of in-store apparel and footwear fixtures and displays are capitalized as part of "furniture, fixtures and displays", and depreciated over three years.
The Company periodically reviews its assets’ estimated useful lives based upon actual experience and expected future utilization. A change in useful life is treated as a change in accounting estimate and is applied prospectively.
The Company capitalizes the cost of interest for long term property and equipment projects based on the Company’s weighted average borrowing rates in place while the projects are in progress. Capitalized interest was $1.2 million as of December 31, 2021 (Fiscal 2020: $1.4 million).
Upon retirement or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses for that period. Major additions and betterments are capitalized to the asset accounts while maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the useful lives of the assets, are expensed as incurred.
Leases
The Company enters into operating leases domestically and internationally to lease certain warehouse space, office facilities, space for its Brand and Factory House stores, and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at the Company's option, and include provisions for rental adjustments.
In accordance with ASC Topic 842 "Leases", the Company accounts for a contract as a lease when it has the right to direct the use of the asset for a period of time while obtaining substantially all of the asset’s economic benefits. The Company determines the initial classification and measurement of its right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date and thereafter if modified. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to control the underlying assets under lease, over the contractual term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the present value of future minimum lease payments to be made over the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are established on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets for leases with an expected term greater than one year. Short-term lease payments were not material for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020.
As the rate implicit in a lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its secured incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments. The Company calculates the incremental borrowing rate based on the current market yield curve and adjusts for foreign currency impacts for international leases.
Fixed lease costs are included in the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities. Variable lease costs are not included in the measurement of the lease liability. These variable lease payments are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. Variable lease payments primarily consist of payments dependent on sales in Brand and Factory House stores. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components in the determination of lease costs for its leases. The lease liability includes lease payments related to options to extend or renew the lease term only if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise those options.
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Income Taxes
In accordance with ASC Topic 740 "Income Taxes," income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to be in effect when such assets or liabilities are realized or settled. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances when necessary. The Company has made the policy election to record any liability associated with Global Intangible Low Tax Income (“GILTI”) in the period in which it is incurred.
Assessing whether deferred tax assets are realizable requires significant judgment. The Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating performance and expectations of future operating performance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is often dependent upon future taxable income and therefore can be uncertain. To the extent the Company believes it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the asset will not be realized, valuation allowances are established against the Company’s deferred tax assets, which increase income tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions may cause a change to the effective tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes line on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and are allocated to the reporting units that are expected to receive the related benefits. Goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized and, in accordance with ASC Topic 350-20 "Goodwill", are required to be tested for impairment at least annually or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In conducting an annual impairment test, the Company first reviews qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that is the case, the Company performs the goodwill impairment test. The Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. The Company estimates fair value using the discounted cash flows model, under the income approach, which indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that the Company expects the reporting unit to generate in the future. The Company's significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: the Company's weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit’s business, and working capital effects. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company performs its annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each year.
The Company continually evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the remaining estimated useful life of long-lived assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance may not be recoverable. These factors may include a significant deterioration of operating results, changes in business plans, or changes in anticipated cash flows. When factors indicate that an asset should be evaluated for possible impairment, the Company reviews long-lived assets to assess recoverability from future operations using undiscounted cash flows. If future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment is recognized in earnings to the extent that the carrying value exceeds fair value.
During Fiscal 2021, the Company performed an impairment analysis on its long-lived assets, including retail stores at an individual store level. Based on this analysis, the Company determined that certain long-lived assets had net carrying values that exceeded their estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Accordingly, the Company estimated the fair values of these long-lived assets based on their market rent assessments or discounted cash flows. The Company compared these estimated fair values to the net carrying values. Accordingly, the Company recognized $2.0 million of long-lived asset impairment charges for Fiscal 2021 (Fiscal 2020: $89.7 million; Fiscal 2019: $0). In Fiscal 2021, the long-lived asset impairment charge was recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and recorded as a reduction to the related asset balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In Fiscal 2020, these long-lived asset impairment charges were part of our restructuring and impairment charges on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The long-lived asset impairment charges for Fiscal 2021 are included within the Company's operating segments as follows: $0.2 million recorded in North America, $1.7 million recorded in Asia-Pacific,and $0.1 million recorded in Latin America.
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The significant estimates used in the fair value methodology, which are based on Level 3 inputs, include: the Company's expectations for future operations and projected cash flows, including net revenue, gross profit and operating expenses and market conditions, including estimated market rent.
Additionally, during Fiscal 2021, the Company recognized $1.7 million of long-lived asset impairment charges related to the Company's New York City flagship store, which was recorded in connection with the Company's 2020 restructuring plan (Fiscal 2020: $290.8 million; Fiscal 2019: $0). Refer to Note 12 for a further discussion of the restructuring and related impairment charges.
Accrued Expenses
As of December 31, 2021, accrued expenses primarily included $151.9 million and $58.8 million of accrued compensation and benefits and marketing expenses, respectively (as of December 31, 2020: $77.9 million and $45.9 million, respectively).
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
The functional currency for each of the Company’s wholly owned foreign subsidiaries is generally the applicable local currency. In accordance with ASC Topic 830 "Foreign Currency Matters", the translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for assets and liabilities using current foreign currency exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using average foreign currency exchange rates during the period. Capital accounts are translated at historical foreign currency exchange rates. Translation gains and losses are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Adjustments that arise from foreign currency exchange rate changes on transactions, primarily driven by intercompany transactions, denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in other expense, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts to minimize the risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations. The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with ASC Topic 815 "Derivatives and Hedging". This guidance establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative financial instruments and requires all derivatives to be recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and to be measured at fair value. Unrealized derivative gain positions are recorded as other current assets or other long term assets, and unrealized derivative loss positions are recorded as other current liabilities or other long term liabilities, depending on the derivative financial instrument’s maturity date.
For contracts designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income and are recognized in current earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects current earnings. One of the criteria for this accounting treatment is the notional value of these derivative contracts should not be in excess of specifically identified anticipated transactions. By their very nature, the Company's estimates of the anticipated transactions may fluctuate over time and may ultimately vary from actual transactions. When anticipated transaction estimates or actual transaction amounts decline below hedged levels, or if it is no longer probable a forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time, the Company is required to reclassify the cumulative change in fair value of the over-hedged portion of the related hedge contract from Other comprehensive income (loss) to Other expense, net during the period in which the decrease occurs. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". Net revenues primarily consist of net sales of apparel, footwear and accessories, license revenues and revenues from digital subscriptions, advertising and other digital business.
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations by transferring control of promised products or services to its customers, which occurs either at a point in time or over time, depending on when the customer obtains the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the products or services. The amount of revenue recognized considers terms of sale that create variability in the amount of consideration that the Company ultimately expects to be entitled to in exchange for the products or services and is subject to an overall constraint that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods.
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Sales taxes imposed on the Company’s revenues from product sales are presented on a net basis on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and therefore do not impact net revenues or costs of goods sold.
Revenue transactions associated with the sale of apparel, footwear, and accessories, comprise a single performance obligation, which consists of the sale of products to customers either through wholesale or direct-to-consumer channels. The Company satisfies the performance obligation and records revenues when transfer of control has passed to the customer, based on the terms of sale. In the Company’s wholesale channel, transfer of control is based upon shipment under free on board shipping point for most goods or upon receipt by the customer depending on the country of the sale and the agreement with the customer. The Company may also ship product directly from its supplier to wholesale customers and recognize revenue when the product is delivered to and accepted by the customer. In the Company’s direct-to-consumer channel, transfer of control takes place at the point of sale for Brand and Factory House customers and upon shipment to substantially all e-commerce customers. Payment terms for wholesale transactions are established in accordance with local and industry practices. Payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer in the United States, and generally within 60 to 90 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer internationally. Payment is generally due at the time of sale for direct-to-consumer transactions.
Gift cards issued to customers by the Company are recorded as contract liabilities until they are redeemed, at which point revenue is recognized. The Company also estimates and recognizes revenue for gift card balances not expected to ever be redeemed ("breakage") to the extent that it does not have a legal obligation to remit the value of such unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdiction as unclaimed or abandoned property. Such estimates are based upon historical redemption trends, with breakage income recognized in proportion to the pattern of actual customer redemptions.
Revenue from the Company's licensing arrangements is recognized over time during the period that licensees are provided access to the Company's trademarks and benefit from such access through their sales of licensed products. These arrangements require licensees to pay a sales-based royalty, which for most arrangements may be subject to a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount. Payments are generally due quarterly. The Company recognizes revenue for sales-based royalty arrangements (including those for which the royalty exceeds any contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount) as licensed products are sold by the licensee. If a sales-based royalty is not ultimately expected to exceed a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount, the minimum is recognized as revenue over the contractual period, if all other criteria of revenue recognition have been met. This sales-based output measure of progress and pattern of recognition best represents the value transferred to the licensee over the term of the arrangement, as well as the amount of consideration that the Company is entitled to receive in exchange for providing access to its trademarks.
Revenue from digital subscriptions is recognized on a gross basis and is recognized over the term of the subscription. The Company receives payments in advance of revenue recognition for subscriptions and these payments are recorded as contract liabilities in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Related commission cost is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from digital advertising is recognized as the Company satisfies performance obligations pursuant to customer insertion orders.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns, and discounts. The Company bases its estimates on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by the Company. The actual amount of customer returns and allowances, which is inherently uncertain, may differ from the Company’s estimates. If the Company determines that actual or expected returns or allowances are significantly higher or lower than the reserves it established, it would record a reduction or increase, as appropriate, to net sales in the period in which it makes such a determination. Provisions for customer specific discounts are based on negotiated arrangements with certain major customers. Reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns, and discounts are included within customer refund liability and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At a minimum, the Company reviews and refines these estimates on a quarterly basis.
Practical Expedients and Policy Elections
The Company has made a policy election to account for shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of a good as a fulfillment cost rather than an additional promised service. Additionally, the Company has elected not to disclose certain information related to unsatisfied performance obligations for subscriptions for its MMR platforms as they have an original expected length of one year or less.
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Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are charged to selling, general and administrative expenses. Advertising production costs are expensed the first time an advertisement related to such production costs is run. Media (television, print and radio) placement costs are expensed in the month during which the advertisement appears, and costs related to event sponsorships are expensed when the event occurs. In addition, advertising costs include sponsorship expenses. Accounting for sponsorship payments is based upon specific contract provisions and the payments are generally expensed uniformly over the term of the contract after recording expense related to specific performance incentives once they are deemed probable. Advertising expense, including amortization of in-store marketing fixtures and displays, was $649.2 million for Fiscal 2021 (Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019: $550.4 million and $578.9 million, respectively). As of December 31, 2021, prepaid advertising costs were $22.4 million (as of December 31, 2020: $15.2 million).
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company charges customers shipping and handling fees based on contractual terms, which are recorded in net revenues. The Company incurs freight costs associated with shipping goods to customers. These costs are recorded as a component of cost of goods sold.
The Company also incurs outbound handling costs associated with preparing goods to ship to customers and certain costs to operate the Company’s distribution facilities. These costs are recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. For Fiscal 2021, these costs totaled $82.9 million (Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019: $80.5 million and $81.0 million, respectively).
Equity Method Investment
The Company has a common stock investment of 29.5% in its Japanese licensee. The Company accounts for its investment in its licensee under the equity method, given it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the entity. The Company recorded its allocable share of its Japanese licensee's net income (loss) of $1.8 million for Fiscal 2021, (Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019: $3.5 million and $(8.7) million, respectively) within income (loss) from equity method investment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2021, the carrying value of the Company's investment in its Japanese licensee was $1.8 million. The Company's investment in its Japanese licensee had no carrying value as of December 31, 2020 as it was fully impaired in Fiscal 2020.
In connection with the license agreement with the Japanese licensee, the Company recorded license revenues of $42.4 million for Fiscal 2021 (Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019: $40.1 million and $37.8 million, respectively). As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $17.1 million and $22.9 million, respectively, in licensing receivables outstanding, recorded in the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item within the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
On March 2, 2020, as part of the Company's acquisition of Triple Pte. Ltd., the Company assumed 49.5% of common stock ownership in UA Sports (Thailand) Co., Ltd. (“UA Sports Thailand”). The Company accounts for its investment in UA Sports Thailand under the equity method, given it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over UA Sports Thailand. For Fiscal 2021, the Company recorded the allocable share of UA Sports Thailand’s net income (loss) of $(0.6) million (Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019: $(1.1) million and $0, respectively) within income (loss) from equity method investment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the carrying value of the Company’s investment in UA Sports Thailand was $5.0 million and $4.5 million, respectively.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Any stock-based compensation awards that are determined to be participating securities, which are stock-based compensation awards that entitle the holders to receive dividends prior to vesting, are included in the calculation of basic earnings per share using the two class method. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution from common shares issuable through stock options, warrants, restricted stock units and other equity awards. Refer to Note 18 for a further discussion of earnings per share.
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Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718 "Compensation - Stock Compensation", which requires all stock-based compensation awards granted to be measured at fair value and recognized as an expense in the financial statements over the service period. In addition, this guidance requires that excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation awards be reflected as operating cash flows.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair market value of stock option awards and grant date fair value for other awards. The Company uses the “simplified method” to estimate the expected life of options, as permitted by accounting guidance. The “simplified method” calculates the expected life of a stock option equal to the time from grant to the midpoint between the vesting date and contractual term, taking into account all vesting tranches. The risk free interest rate is based on the yield for the U.S. Treasury bill with a maturity equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected volatility is based on the Company's historical average. Compensation expense is recognized net of forfeitures on a straight-line basis over the total vesting period, which is the implied requisite service period. Compensation expense for performance-based awards is recorded over the implied requisite service period when achievement of the performance target is deemed probable.
The Company issues new shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock upon exercise of stock options, grant of restricted stock or share unit conversion. Refer to Note 14 for further details on stock-based compensation.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts shown for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short term maturity of those instruments. As of December 31, 2021, the fair value of the Company's 3.250% Senior Notes were $619.9 million (December 31, 2020: $602.6 million). The fair value of the Company's 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes, was $149.6 million as of December 31, 2021 (December 31, 2020: $828.2 million). The fair value of the Company's other long term debt approximates its carrying value based on the variable nature of interest rates and current market rates available to the Company. The fair value of a foreign currency contract is based on the net difference between the U.S. dollars to be received or paid at the contracts’ settlement date and the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency to be sold or purchased at the current exchange rate. The fair value of an interest rate swap contract is based on the net difference between the fixed interest to be paid and variable interest to be received over the term of the contract based on current market rates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2020-06 "Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" ("ASU 2020-06"). The amendment in this update simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. This update also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity's own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions and requires the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share. The update also requires entities to provide expanded disclosures about the terms and features of convertible instruments, how the instruments have been reported in the entity’s financial statements, and information about events, conditions, and circumstances that can affect how to assess the amount or timing of an entity’s future cash flows related to those instruments. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company will adopt ASU 2020-06, effective January 1, 2022 by applying a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. The effect on the Company's Consolidate Statement of Operations and related disclosures will not be material.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, ReferenceRateReform (Topic 848): Facilitation of Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting and then issued a subsequent amendment to the initial guidance under ASU 2021-01 (collectively Topic 848). Topic 848 provides practical expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, derivatives and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments in this update apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, derivatives and other transactions that reference the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued as a result of reference rate reform. The Company adopted Topic 848 in the third quarter of Fiscal 2021. The adoption did not have an impact to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
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NOTE 3. ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
The following table illustrates the activity in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts:
Increases (decreases) to costs and expenses 10,456 7,029
Write-offs, net of recoveries (5,188) —
Increases (decreases) to costs and expenses (3,821) —
Write-offs, net of recoveries (9,401) —
(1) Includes an allowance pertaining to a royalty receivable.
The allowance for doubtful accounts was established with information available as of December 31, 2021, including reasonable and supportable estimates of future risk.
For Fiscal 2020, the increase in allowance for doubtful accounts was primarily due to negative developments experienced by our customers as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, representing a higher risk of credit default.
NOTE 4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
December 31,
(1) Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications were not considered material and did not affect the consolidated financial statements.
(2) Construction in progress primarily includes costs incurred for software systems, leasehold improvements and in-store fixtures and displays not yet placed in use.
Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $139.2 million for Fiscal 2021 (Fiscal 2020: $154.4 million; Fiscal 2019: $177.3 million).
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NOTE 5. LEASES
The Company enters into operating leases domestically and internationally to lease certain warehouse space, office facilities, space for its Brand and Factory House stores, and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at the Company's option, and include provisions for rental adjustments. Short-term lease payments were not material for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020.
As a result of the impacts of COVID-19, the Company sought concessions during Fiscal 2020 from landlords for certain leases of Brand and Factory House stores in the form of rent deferrals or rent waivers. Consistent with updated guidance from the FASB in April 2020, the Company elected to account for treating these concessions as though the enforceable rights and obligations to the deferrals existed in the respective contracts at lease inception and will not account for the concessions as lease modifications, unless the concession results in a substantial change in the Company's obligations.
The Company's rent deferrals had no impact to rent expense during Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, and amounts deferred and payable in future periods have been included in short term lease liability on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021. The Company's rent waivers, which were recorded as a reduction of rent expense, were approximately $5.5 million for Fiscal 2021 (Fiscal 2020: $4.1 million; Fiscal 2019: $0).
Lease Costs and Other Information
The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The following table illustrates operating and variable lease costs, included in selling, general and administrative expenses within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations, for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31,
There are no residual value guarantees that exist, and there are no restrictions or covenants imposed by leases. The Company rents or subleases excess office facilities and warehouse space to third parties. Sublease income is not material.
The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate for the periods indicated below were as follows:
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) 8.73 9.12
Weighted average discount rate 3.72 % 3.83 %
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The following table presents supplemental information relating to cash flow arising from lease transactions:
Year ended December 31,
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
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Maturity of Lease Liabilities
The following table presents the future minimum lease payments under our operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2021:
(In thousands)
Fiscal year ending December 31,
Total present value of lease liabilities $ 841,775
As of December 31, 2021, the Company has additional operating lease obligations that have not yet commenced of approximately $1.5 million, which are not reflected in the table above.
NOTE 6. GOODWILL
The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment as of the periods indicated:
(In thousands) North America EMEA Asia-Pacific Latin America Total
During Fiscal 2021, there were no goodwill impairments recorded.
During Fiscal 2020, as a result of the impacts of COVID-19, the Company determined that sufficient indicators existed to trigger an interim goodwill impairment analysis for all of the Company’s reporting units. The Company recognized goodwill impairment charges of $51.6 million for the Latin America reporting unit and the Canada reporting unit, which is within the North America operating segment.
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NOTE 7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
The following tables summarize the Company’s intangible assets as of the periods indicated:
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
User/Nutrition database 10 — — — — — —
Indefinite-lived intangible assets 4,152
Intangible assets, net $ 11,010
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Indefinite-lived intangible assets 1,975
Intangible assets, net $ 13,295
Amortization expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, was $2.0 million, $7.0 million and $6.1 million for Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, respectively.
The following is the estimated amortization expense for the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2021:
(In thousands)
2027 and thereafter —
Amortization expense of intangible assets $ 6,858
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NOTE 8. CREDIT FACILITY AND OTHER LONG TERM DEBT
The Company's outstanding debt consisted of the following:
(In thousands) As of December 31, 2021 As of December 31, 2020
Credit Facility borrowings — —
Unamortized debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes (9,207) (79,031)
Unamortized debt discount on Senior Notes (1,131) (1,385)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Convertible Senior Notes (779) (8,763)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Senior Notes (2,401) (2,940)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Credit facility (4,870) (4,325)
Less:
Current portion of long-term debt:
Credit Facility borrowings — —
Credit Facility
On March 8, 2019, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (the “credit agreement”). In May 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the credit agreement (the “first amendment”), pursuant to which the prior revolving credit commitments were reduced from $1.25 billion to $1.1 billion of borrowings. Subsequently, in May 2021, the Company entered into a second amendment to the credit agreement (the "second amendment"), which provides for certain changes to the Company's covenants and decreases to certain applicable rates effected by the first amendment. In December 2021, the Company entered into a third amendment to the credit agreement (the "third amendment" and, the credit agreement as amended by the first amendment and the second amendment, the "amended credit agreement" or the "revolving credit facility"), which extends the term of the credit agreement from March 8, 2024 to December 3, 2026, with permitted extensions under certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 there were no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility.
Where the first amendment previously provided for suspensions of and adjustments to the Company's existing interest coverage covenant and leverage covenant (each as defined below), and further required the Company to maintain a specific amount of minimum liquidity during certain quarters, the second amendment provided that these financial covenants became effective again as of March 31, 2021 and removed the minimum liquidity covenant. The second amendment also (i) decreases the interest rate margins that were previously provided for under the first amendment; (ii) reverses limitations effected by the first amendment on expansions of and extensions of the maturity of the revolving credit facility during the covenant suspension period; and (iii) removes additional limitations on the availability of certain exceptions to the negative covenants, including the restricted payments covenant, that were imposed during the covenant suspension period.
The third amendment also (i) decreases the applicable margins for borrowings and undrawn commitment fees; (ii) provides for the fall away of collateral and guarantee requirements following an investment-grade rating from two rating agencies; (iii) implements SOFR as the replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate for U.S. dollar borrowings (and analogous benchmark rate replacements for borrowings in Yen, Canadian Dollars, Pound Sterling and Euro); and (iv) amends certain affirmative and negative covenants and related definitions.