Item 1A. Risk Factors

This report contains forward-looking statements and other prospective information relating to future events. These forward-looking statements and other information are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical results or currently anticipated results, including the following:

Risks Related to Our Dependence on Government Contracts

Government contracts require ongoing funding decisions by governments. A substantial percentage of our potential contract revenues would come from the 19C BARDA Contract, and the majority of the potential revenue under the 19C BARDA Contract is tied to options which may or may not be exercised at the sole discretion of BARDA. Reduced or discontinued BARDA funding, or the non-exercise of contract options under the 19C BARDA Contract, could cause our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects to suffer materially.

Government-funded contracts typically consist of a base period of performance and options for the performance of certain future activities. The value of goods and services subject to options may constitute the majority of the total value of the underlying contract, as in the case of the 19C BARDA Contract.

The funding of government programs, which fund BARDA’s purchases under the 19C BARDA Contract, is subject to Congressional appropriations, generally made on a fiscal year basis even though a program may continue for several years. Our government customers are subject to political considerations and budgetary constraints, which result in uncertainties as to continued funding of their ongoing programs, including SIGA’s contracts.

More than 90% of remaining contract value of the 19C BARDA Contract is tied to options exercisable in the sole discretion of BARDA. There is no guarantee that any of the remaining options will be exercised, or if they are exercised when such exercise of options will occur. If some of these options are not exercised, because levels of government expenditures and authorizations for biodefense decrease or shift to other programs, or for any other reason, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may suffer materially.

Government procurement contracts are mostly set at fixed prices determined at inception of the contract based on estimates of the time, resources and expenses required to perform these contracts. If our estimates are not accurate, we may not be able to earn an adequate return or may incur a loss under these arrangements.

Remaining unexercised options under current government procurement contracts, including the 19C BARDA Contract, are predominately fixed-price. We expect that our future contracts with the U.S. Government and foreign governments for TPOXX®, as well as contracts for other biodefense product candidates, would also be fixed-price arrangements. Under a fixed-price contract, we are required to deliver our products at a fixed price determined at the inception of the contract regardless of the actual costs we incur, and to absorb any costs incurred in satisfaction of our obligations. Our failure to anticipate significant technical problems, estimate costs accurately or control costs during performance of a fixed-price contract could reduce the profitability of such contract, or if severe, cause a loss, which could in turn negatively affect our operating results.

We expect future operating revenues to come significantly from contracts with BARDA for the provision and maintenance of the U.S. Government’s stockpile of TPOXX®. If BARDA does not enter into additional contracts after the 19C BARDA Contract to maintain or expand the stockpile of TPOXX®, our long-term business, financial condition and operating results could be materially harmed.

The success of our business and our operating results for the foreseeable future will be substantially dependent on the U.S. Government’s commitment to maintaining or expanding its stockpile of TPOXX®. Failure to secure and perform additional contracts after the 19C BARDA Contract to substantially maintain or expand the stockpile of TPOXX® could have a material adverse effect on our long-term business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Additionally, the 19C BARDA Contract does not necessarily increase the likelihood that we will secure future comparable contracts with the U.S. Government.

Laws and regulations affecting government contracts and grants might make it more costly and difficult for us to successfully conduct our business.

Our business with the U.S. Government, and any future business with state and local governmental agencies are subject to specific procurement regulations and a variety of other legal and compliance obligations. These laws and rules include those related to procurement integrity, rates and pricing of services and goods to be reimbursed by the U.S. Government, export control, government security regulations, employment practices, protection of the environment, accuracy of records and the recording and reporting of costs, and foreign corrupt practices. Among the most significant government contracting regulations that affect our business are:

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Compliance with these obligations increases our performance and compliance costs. Failure to comply with these regulations and requirements could lead to suspension or debarment, for cause, from government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time. The termination of a government contract as a result of our failure to satisfy any of these obligations would have a material negative impact on our operations and harm our reputation and ability to procure other government contracts or grants in the future.

Unfavorable provisions in government contracts and grants, some of which may be customary, may harm our future business, financial condition and potential operating results.

Government contracts and grants customarily contain provisions that give the government substantial rights and remedies, many of which are not typically found in commercial contracts, including (but not limited to) provisions that allow the government to:

• control or prohibit the export of products.

Generally, government contracts contain provisions permitting unilateral termination or modification, in whole or in part, at the government’s convenience. Under general principles of government contracting law, if the government terminates a contract or grant for convenience, the terminated company may recover only its incurred or committed costs, settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the government terminates a contract or grant for default, the defaulting company is entitled to recover costs incurred and associated profits on accepted items only and may be liable for excess costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source. Our government contracts and grants, including the 19C BARDA Contract, could be terminated under these circumstances.

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A U.S. Government shutdown could negatively impact our business and liquidity.

Each year, the U.S. Congress must pass all spending bills in the federal budget. If any such spending bill is not timely passed, a government shutdown may close many federally run operations, and halt work for federal employees unless they are considered essential or such work is separately funded by a continuing resolution or by industry. If a government shutdown were to occur, we could experience a delay in contract funding decisions by the government. Additionally, we could be materially harmed by any prolonged government shutdown.

Our business could be adversely affected by a negative audit by the U.S. Government.

U.S. Government agencies, such as the Defense Contract Audit Agency (the “DCAA”), routinely audit and investigate government contractors. These agencies review a contractor’s performance under its contracts and grants, cost structure, and compliance with applicable laws, regulations and standards.

The DCAA also reviews the adequacy of, and a contractor’s compliance with, its internal control systems and policies, including the contractor’s purchasing, property, estimating, compensation and management information systems. Any cost found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed, and such costs already reimbursed must be refunded. If an audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, a contractor may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspension, debarment or prohibition from doing business with the U.S. Government. Such actions would also negatively affect our reputation.

Risks Related to Regulatory Approvals

If we are not able to obtain regulatory approvals for certain additional indications or formulations of TPOXX® from the FDA, we may not be able to realize the full benefits of any BARDA contracts and may not be able to commercialize such formulations or indications other than through existing sales to BARDA, and our ability to generate future revenue could be materially impaired.

The development and full commercialization of additional indications or formulations of TPOXX® in the U.S., such as the intravenous formulation or indication of use for post-exposure prophylaxis, including the testing, manufacture, safety, efficacy, recordkeeping, labeling, storage, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution, are subject to comprehensive regulation by the FDA and other regulatory agencies in the United States and by comparable authorities in other countries and jurisdictions. We could fail to achieve FDA or other regulatory approval of certain indications or formulations of TPOXX®, or there could be delays in such approval of TPOXX®, or the approved labeling for such indications or formulations of TPOXX® may differ from expectations. Failure to obtain regulatory approval of certain indications or formulations for TPOXX® may prevent us from fully commercializing TPOXX® in the United States other than through existing sales to BARDA and may impact other regulatory authorities' future review of expanded formulations or indications of TPOXX®, which in turn, could adversely impact commercializing TPOXX® in other countries, and such delays or required alterations to regulatory applications could also have a material adverse effect on future revenue opportunities for the Company.

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Failure to obtain future regulatory approval in additional international jurisdictions could prevent us from marketing our products in certain jurisdictions abroad.

To market our products in certain additional foreign jurisdictions, we may need to obtain separate regulatory approvals and comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements. The approval procedure varies among countries and can involve additional testing and differing manufacturing or labeling requirements. Complying with such requirements may take additional time prior to approval and delay commercial activities in those jurisdictions.

The foreign regulatory approval process may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval for expanded indications or new formulations of TPOXX®. We may not obtain additional foreign regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all. Regulatory approval by the FDA, which we obtained for oral TPOXX®, or by a foreign regulatory authority such as Health Canada and the European Medicines Agency, which we obtained for oral TPOXX®, does not ensure approval by future additional regulatory authorities in other foreign countries or jurisdictions or by the FDA for expanded indications or new formulations. In addition, failure to obtain approval in one jurisdiction may impact our ability to obtain approvals elsewhere. We may not be able to file for or receive necessary regulatory approvals to commercialize our products in additional new markets, in which case, our target market may be reduced and our ability to realize the full market potential of our product candidates may be harmed and our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Commercial Activities

We cannot predict whether or when we will be permitted to commercialize TPOXX® other than the oral formulation for smallpox treatment.

We have received FDA approval only for the oral formulation of TPOXX® in the U.S., not the intravenous or liquid suspension/pediatric formulation, or any other indication beyond treatment for smallpox, for TPOXX®. Because pharmaceutical manufacturers are only permitted to commercialize indications and formulations that have received FDA approval (or in other jurisdictions according to their applicable regulatory and legal frameworks), any regulatory or legal setbacks as described above could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to sell other formulations or for other uses of TPOXX® pending such approvals.

Changing political or social factors and opposition, including protests and potential related litigation, may delay or impair our ability to market TPOXX® and any other biodefense product candidates and may require us to spend time and money to address these issues.

Products developed to treat diseases caused by or to combat the threat of bioterrorism or biowarfare are subject to changing political and social environments. The political and social responses to bioterrorism and biowarfare have been unpredictable and much debated. Changes in the perception of the risk that military personnel or civilians could be exposed to biological agents as weapons of bioterrorism or biowarfare may delay or cause resistance to bringing investigational products to market or limit pricing or purchases of approved products, any of which could materially harm our business.

Lawsuits, protests or other negative publicity may adversely affect the degree of market acceptance of, and thereby limit the demand for, TPOXX® and our biodefense product candidates. In such event, our ability to market and sell such products may be hindered, the commercial success of TPOXX® and other products we develop may be harmed and we may need to expend time, attention and resources addressing such legal or publicity issues, thereby reducing our revenues and having a material adverse impact on us.

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Our ability to grow our business may depend in part on our ability to achieve sales of TPOXX® to customers other than the U.S. and Canadian governments.

An element of our business strategy is to sell TPOXX® internationally to foreign governments, as well as to customers other than the U.S. and Canadian governments. These potential non-U.S. Government customers include foreign governments, as well as state and local governments, non-governmental organizations focused on global health like the World Health Organization, health care institutions like hospitals (domestic and foreign) and certain large business organizations interested in protecting their employees against global threats and protecting first responders in cases of emergencies.

To the extent we seek such non-government sales in the U.S., we may need to meet additional regulatory requirements.

The market for sales of TPOXX® to U.S. customers other than the U.S. Government is undeveloped, and we may not be successful in generating meaningful sales of TPOXX®, if any, to these potential customers.

If we fail to increase our sales of TPOXX® to customers other than the U.S. and Canadian governments, our business and opportunities for growth could be limited.

We expect our future international revenues to depend heavily on the success of the efforts of Meridian pursuant to an International Promotion Agreement, which may not be successful.

Pursuant to the International Promotion Agreement described under “Business,” we granted a third party, Meridian Medical Technologies ("Meridian") exclusive rights to market, advertise, promote, offer for sale, or sell oral TPOXX® in all geographic regions except for the United States (the “Territory”), and Meridian agreed not to commercialize any competing product, as defined in the International Promotion Agreement, in the specified field of use in the Territory. Our future international revenues will likely depend heavily on the success of the efforts of Meridian pursuant to the International Promotion Agreement, which may not be successful.

If we are unable to expand our internal sales and marketing capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties with expertise in sales and marketing, we may be unable to expand our sales of TPOXX® or other product candidates in the U.S., including to U.S. customers other than the U.S. Government.

In the United States market, we have retained all sales and marketing rights with respect to oral TPOXX®. In this market, we currently employ a small, targeted group to support development and business activities related to TPOXX®. We plan to continue our current approach for sales to the U.S. Government of any other biodefense product candidates that we may successfully develop. This approach may prove insufficient to adequately support our development and business activities in the United States.

In order to expand our sales of TPOXX® or other product candidates in the U.S., including to U.S. customers other than the U.S. Government, we may need to enhance our own sales and marketing capabilities, and/or enter into collaborations with third parties able to perform these services or outsource these functions to third parties. There is no assurance that we will be able to do so successfully, and even if we are able to do so that it will have a significant impact on our growth or profitability.

Although TPOXX® is currently stockpiled only by the U.S. and Canadian governments and not sold commercially, in the future we may be required to perform additional clinical trials or change the labeling of TPOXX® if we or others identify side effects after we are on the market, which could harm future sales of such product.

If we or others identify side effects of any approved product, or if manufacturing problems occur:

• regulatory approval may be withdrawn;

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• sales of the affected products may drop significantly;

• our reputation in the marketplace may suffer; and

• lawsuits, including class action suits, may be brought against us.

Any of the above occurrences could harm or prevent future sales of the affected product or could increase the costs and expenses of commercializing and marketing these products.

If we sell TPOXX® to non-government customers and are able to charge such customers higher prices than we charge to the U.S. Government, healthcare reform and controls on healthcare spending in the U.S. may nonetheless limit the prices we charge for our products and the amounts that we can sell.

There have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals in the United States to change the health care system in ways that could affect our pricing of TPOXX® to non-government customers. In addition, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (collectively, the “Healthcare Reform Act”), substantially changed the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers and had a substantial effect on the pharmaceutical industry. The Healthcare Reform Act contains a number of provisions, including those governing enrollment in federal healthcare programs like Medicare, reimbursement changes and rules protecting against fraud and abuse, that affect existing healthcare programs. If we are able to charge higher prices to non-government customers than we charge to the U.S. Government, healthcare reform and controls on healthcare spending in the U.S. may nonetheless limit the price we charge for our products and the amounts that we can sell. For example, some of our revenue may be derived from governmental healthcare programs, including Medicare. Furthermore, beginning in 2011, the Healthcare Reform Act imposed a non-deductible excise tax on pharmaceutical manufacturers or importers who sell “branded prescription drugs,” which includes innovator drugs and biologics (excluding orphan drugs or generics) to U.S. Government programs. The Healthcare Reform Act and other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future could have an adverse effect on our industry generally, as well as potential future sales and profitability of our current or future products.

Laws and regulations governing international operations may hinder us from developing, manufacturing and selling certain product candidates outside of the United States and require us to revise and implement costly compliance programs.

In connection with our International Promotion Agreement with Meridian, Meridian serves as the entity that markets and promotes oral TPOXX® (except in the United States) and is the counterparty to any agreements within covered foreign jurisdictions. As such, Meridian is responsible for anti-corruption compliance related to its activities.

The failure to comply with laws governing international business practices may result in substantial penalties, including suspension or debarment from government contracting. Violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") can result in significant civil and criminal penalties that can be levied on the Company and its executives.

Indictment alone under the FCPA can lead to suspension of the right to do business with the U.S. Government until the pending claims are resolved. Conviction of a violation of the FCPA can result in long-term disqualification as a government contractor. The termination of a government contract or relationship as a result of our failure to satisfy any of our obligations under laws governing international business practices could have a material negative impact on our operations and harm our reputation and ability to procure government contracts. The SEC also may suspend or bar issuers from trading securities on United States exchanges for violations of the FCPA’s accounting provisions.

Other countries, such as the UK, have anti-bribery laws similar to or more expansive in scope than the FCPA which may be applicable to our operations as we expand outside the U.S.

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We could incur net losses in the future if options are not exercised under the 19C BARDA Contract.

While we believe our current cash position is strong, our ability to continue to fund future operations will be substantially impacted by cash flows from the 19C BARDA Contract, which may not be sufficient if BARDA elects, in its sole discretion, not to exercise or to significantly delay exercise of some or all of the remaining options under the 19C BARDA Contract. If cash flows from the 19C BARDA Contract are significantly different from expectations, or if operating expenses or other expenses meaningfully exceed our expectations or cannot be adjusted accordingly, then our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely affected.

Risks Related to Manufacturing, Storage and Our Dependence on Third Parties

If third parties on whom we rely for manufacturing and raw materials of TPOXX®, and managing our inventory, do not perform as contractually required or as we expect, we may not be able to successfully satisfy our obligations under the 19C BARDA Contract and our business would suffer.

We currently rely on third-party manufacturers and service providers to provide raw materials and manufacture, package, test and ship TPOXX®. Under the 19C BARDA Contract, we are responsible for the performance of these third-party contractors, and our contracts with these third parties give us certain supervisory and quality control rights, but we do not exercise day-to-day control over their activities.

Additionally, we may rely on a third-party provider, or multiple providers, to store or transport a portion of the stockpile of IV TPOXX® under the 19C BARDA Contract, entrusting such vendor or vendors with the care and handling of a substantial portion of IV TPOXX® inventory.

If a third-party provider fails to comply with applicable laws and regulations, fails to meet expected deadlines, fails to conduct trials in accordance with regulatory requirements or our stated protocols, experiences shortages or delays, or otherwise does not carry out its contractual duties to us, or encounters physical damage or natural disaster or disruptions at its facilities, for example as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our ability to meet our obligations under the 19C BARDA Contract or to develop, obtain approval of and commercialization of IV TPOXX® or other drug candidates, could be significantly impaired or delayed. We do not currently have the internal capacity to perform these important functions, and we may not be able to maintain commercial arrangements for these services on reasonable terms.

If third parties do not manufacture our drug candidates or products in sufficient quantities and at an acceptable cost or in compliance with regulatory or contractual requirements and specifications, the fulfillment of contractual requirements under the 19C BARDA Contract, or any other procurement contract, or the development of our drug candidates could be delayed, prevented or impaired.

If our contract manufacturers are unable to generate enough materials to meet commercial obligations or satisfy clinical needs, for example as a result of disruption resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the success of drug products may be jeopardized. Our current and anticipated future dependence upon others for the manufacture of our drug candidates may adversely affect our ability to develop drug candidates and perform on commercial contracts on a timely and competitive basis. If our third-party manufacturers’ production processes malfunction or contaminate our drug supplies during manufacturing, we may incur significant inventory loss that may not be covered by our contractual provisions or insurance policies.

We currently rely on third parties to demonstrate regulatory compliance, for regulatory and science support and for quality assurance with respect to the drug candidates manufactured for us. We intend to continue to rely on these third parties for these purposes with respect to production of commercial supplies of drugs that we successfully develop. Manufacturers are subject to ongoing, periodic, unannounced inspection by the FDA and corresponding state and foreign agencies or their designees to ensure strict compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

We cannot be certain that our present or future manufacturers will be able to comply with these regulations and other FDA regulatory requirements or similar regulatory requirements outside the U.S. In addition, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory authorities may not conduct required inspections at our CMO facilities, and without such inspections, drug approvals could be delayed. Our government contracts and grants call for compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements, however, we do not control third-party manufacturers and their methods for ensuring adherence to regulatory and legal standards. If we or these third parties fail to comply with applicable regulations, sanctions could be imposed on us which could significantly delay and adversely affect supplies of our drug candidates.

Problems related to large-scale commercial manufacturing could cause an increase in costs or shortages of products or a delay in product launches.

Manufacturing API and finished drug products, especially in large quantities, is complex. Our products require several manufacturing steps at multiple facilities, and may involve complex techniques to assure quality and sufficient quantity, especially as the manufacturing scale increases. Our products must be made consistently and in compliance with a clearly defined manufacturing process. Accordingly, it is essential to be able to validate and control the manufacturing process to assure that it is reproducible. Slight deviations anywhere in the manufacturing process, including obtaining materials, filling, labeling, packaging, storage, shipping, quality control and testing, some of which all pharmaceutical companies, including SIGA, experience from time to time, may result in lot failures, delay in the release of lots, product recalls or spoilage. Success rates can vary dramatically at different stages of the manufacturing process, which can lower yields and increase costs. We may experience deviations in the manufacturing process that may take significant time and resources to resolve and, if unresolved, may affect manufacturing output and/or cause us to fail to satisfy contractual commitments, lead to delays in our clinical trials or result in litigation or regulatory action. Such actions would hinder our ability to meet contractual obligations and could cause material adverse consequences for our business.

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Risks Related to Product Development

Growth of our business may be impacted significantly by our success in completing development and commercialization of drug candidates, new formulations or additional indications for TPOXX®. If we are unable to commercialize new drug candidates, new formulations, or additional indications, or experience significant delays in doing so, our business may be materially harmed.

We have invested a substantial amount of our efforts and financial resources in the development of our drug candidates. Our ability to generate near-term cash flows is primarily dependent on the success of our smallpox antiviral drug TPOXX®, which has only been approved by the FDA in oral form. The commercial success of our current and future drug candidates, new formulations or additional indications for TPOXX®, will depend on many factors, including:

• successful development of animal models;

• successful completion of clinical trials;

We may rely on FDA regulations known as the “Animal Rule” to obtain approval for most of our biodefense drug candidates. The Animal Rule permits the use of animal efficacy studies together with human clinical safety trials to support an application for marketing approval. These regulations are relied upon only occasionally. It is possible that results from these animal efficacy studies may not be predictive of the actual efficacy of our drug candidates in humans. If we are not successful in completing the development and commercialization of our drug candidates, whether due to our efforts or due to concerns raised by our governmental regulators or customers, our business could be materially adversely affected.

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We may not be able to fully commercialize the IV and liquid suspension/pediatric formulation of TPOXX®, or other additional indications for TPOXX®, if our clinical trials do not demonstrate adequate safety or our animal studies do not demonstrate adequate efficacy.

Before obtaining regulatory approval for the sale of our drug candidates, extensive development is required. The goal of development is to use clinical studies to demonstrate the safety of our drug candidates and animal trials to demonstrate the efficacy of our drug candidates. Clinical trials and animal studies, and related work, are resource-intensive, difficult to design and implement, can take many years to complete and are uncertain as to outcome. Success in pre-clinical testing and early clinical trials does not ensure that later clinical trials or animal efficacy studies will be successful, and interim results of a clinical trial or animal efficacy study do not necessarily predict final results.

A failure of one or more of our clinical trials or animal efficacy studies can occur at any stage of development. We may experience numerous unforeseen events during, or as a result of, pre-clinical testing and the clinical trial or animal efficacy study process that could delay or prevent our ability to receive regulatory approval or commercialize our drug candidates, including:

Intravenous and Liquid Suspension/Pediatric TPOXX® formulations are currently in product development and there can be no assurance of successful development or ultimate commercialization beyond the 19C BARDA Contract.

The fact that the FDA has approved the oral formulation of TPOXX® does not guarantee that our approach to drug development will be effective or will result in the successful commercialization of the IV or liquid suspension/pediatric formulation of TPOXX®, any new indication such as post-exposure prophylaxis, of TPOXX® or any other drug. We cannot predict with certainty whether any other drug candidate or expanded indication resulting from our research and development efforts will be approved by the FDA.

All of our potential drug candidates are prone to the risks of failure inherent in pharmaceutical product development, including the possibility that our drug candidates will not or cannot:

• be shown to be safe, non-toxic and effective;

• otherwise meet applicable regulatory standards;

• receive the necessary regulatory approvals;

• develop into commercially viable drugs;

• be manufactured or produced economically and on a large scale;

• be successfully marketed;

• achieve customer acceptance.

In addition, third parties may seek to preclude us from marketing our drugs through enforcement of their proprietary or intellectual property rights that we are not aware of, or third parties may succeed in marketing equivalent or superior drug products that do not infringe our intellectual property. Our failure to develop safe, commercially viable future drug candidates or obtain approval for expanded indications and formulations of TPOXX® could have a material adverse effect on our ability to grow our business, and impair our financial condition and operations.

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Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

Our ability to compete may decrease if we do not adequately protect our intellectual property rights.

Our commercial success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory exclusivity, patent and other intellectual property protection for our proprietary technologies, drug targets and potential products and to preserve our trade secrets and trademark rights. Because of the substantial length of time and expense associated with bringing potential products through the development and regulatory clearance processes to reach the marketplace, the pharmaceutical industry places considerable importance on obtaining regulatory, patent and trade secret protection. The patent positions of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. No consistent policy regarding the breadth of claims allowed in biotechnology patents worldwide has emerged to date. Accordingly, we cannot definitively predict the type and breadth of claims allowed in patents covering our products.

SIGA exclusively owns its key patent portfolios, which relate to its leading drug product, TPOXX® (also known as ST-246, tecovirimat). As of January 10, 2022, the TPOXX® patent portfolio has seven patent families consisting of 28 U.S. utility patents, 97 issued foreign patents, two U.S. utility patent applications, and 24 foreign patent applications.

With FDA regulatory approval of oral TPOXX® in July 2018, we were awarded seven years of regulatory exclusivity by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office based on orphan drug designation for the product. Such protection is separate from, and in addition to, our patent and other intellectual property rights and provides for exclusivity to July 2025.

We also rely on trade secrets, know-how, continuing technological innovation and licensing opportunities. In an effort to maintain the confidentiality and ownership of trade secrets and proprietary information, we require our employees, consultants and some collaborators to execute confidentiality and invention assignment agreements upon commencement of a relationship with us. These agreements may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, confidential information or inventions in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of such information, and adequate remedies may not exist in the event of such unauthorized use or disclosure.

If our technologies are alleged or found to infringe the patents or proprietary rights of others, we may be sued, we may have to pay damages or be barred from pursuing a technology, or we may have to license those rights from and pay royalties to others on unfavorable terms. If we are sued, even if we prevail, such litigation may be costly.

Our commercial success will depend significantly on our ability to operate without infringing the patents or proprietary rights of third parties. Our technologies, or the technologies of third parties on which we may depend, may infringe the patents or proprietary rights of others. If there is an adverse outcome in any dispute concerning rights to these technologies, then we could be subject to significant liability, required to license disputed rights from or to other parties and/or required to cease using a technology necessary to carry out our research, development and commercialization activities. We do not currently license any patent rights from third parties relative to TPOXX®.

If our patents are challenged and found to be invalid or unenforceable, the value of our products could be harmed, and we could be subject to competition earlier than we anticipated.

The costs to establish or defend against claims of infringement or interference with patents or other proprietary rights can be expensive, distracting and time-consuming, even if the outcome is favorable. An outcome of any patent or proprietary rights administrative proceeding or litigation that is unfavorable to us may cause us to incur significant costs, and have a material adverse effect on us. Additionally, we may not prevail in any such action and such litigation often takes years to resolve creating business uncertainty if we are not able to resolve it quickly.

Furthermore, like many biopharmaceutical companies, we may from time to time hire scientific personnel formerly employed by other companies involved in one or more areas similar to the activities conducted by us. It is possible that we and/or these individuals may be subject to allegations of trade secret misappropriation or other similar claims as a result of their prior affiliations.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Concentration of ownership of our capital stock could delay or prevent a change of control.

Our directors, executive officers and beneficial owners of more than 5% of our common stock ("principal stockholders") beneficially own a significant percentage of our common stock. As a result, these stockholders, if acting together, have the ability to influence the outcome of corporate actions requiring stockholder approval. Additionally, this concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of SIGA. As of February 16, 2022, directors, executive officers and principal stockholders (excluding institutional investors) beneficially owned approximately 35% of our outstanding common stock. In addition to owning common stock of the Company, directors and certain executive officers have the right to acquire additional stock through the exercise or conversion of certain securities.

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Our stock repurchase program could affect the price of our common stock and increase volatility and may be suspended or terminated at any time, which may result in a decrease in the trading price of our common stock.

On August 2, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for up to $50 million of our common stock through December 31, 2023. This stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares of our common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Repurchases pursuant to our stock repurchase program could affect the price of our common stock and increase its volatility. Important factors that could cause us to limit, suspend or delay the Company’s stock repurchases, without prior notice, and that could in any event impact management’s exercise of its discretion as to the amount and timing of such repurchases, include the timing of exercise of procurement options under government contracts, alternative opportunities for strategic uses of cash, the stock price of the Company’s common stock, market conditions, and other corporate liquidity requirements and priorities. The existence of our stock repurchase program could cause the price of our common stock to be higher than it would be in the absence of such a program and could potentially reduce the market liquidity for our common stock. Additionally, repurchases under our stock repurchase program would diminish our cash reserves, which could impact our ability to pursue other opportunities, further develop our technology or adversely affect our operating results. There can be no assurance that any stock repurchases would enhance stockholder value because the market price of our common stock may decline below the levels at which we repurchased such shares. Any failure to repurchase shares could negatively impact our reputation, investor confidence in us and our stock price.

A future issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect the rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation allows our Board of Directors to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences, rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of these shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and could be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that we may issue in the future. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock, thereby delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control.

General Risk Factors

Global infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or climate-related matters could negatively impact the global economy on a broad scale and our business in particular.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant societal and economic disruption. Such disruption, and the associated risks and costs, are expected to continue for an indeterminate period of time. Given the uncertain future course of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the uncertain scale and scope of its future direct and indirect impact, the Company is continually reviewing business and financial risks related to the pandemic and seeking coordination with its government partners with respect to the performance of current and future government contracts. Additionally, the Company is continually coordinating with service providers and vendors, in particular Contract Manufacturing Organizations that constitute our supply chain, with respect to actions and risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additionally, the Company’s supply chain for the manufacture of TPOXX® and for the raw materials and supplies necessary to support manufacture and product delivery activities on future projects, could be materially disrupted by COVID-19. With regard to day-to-day operations, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the secondary effects of the pandemic, have at times slowed the daily pace of execution of government contracts as well as new contract generation. For example, U.S. and foreign government staffs overseeing health security preparedness have been involved directly or indirectly in governmental responses to the pandemic, which has diverted government staff time that would normally be directed toward contract matters involving SIGA. The Company expects to experience delays, or a slower than usual pace, in connection with certain research and development activities, such as those that involve clinical trials. While the Company does not currently expect any pandemic-related delays in research and development activities to have a material adverse impact on the financial condition or annual financial results of the Company, or its long-term performance, the Company cannot give assurances as to the full extent of the impact at this time.

Overall, while the COVID-19 pandemic has not adversely affected the liquidity position of the Company, the pandemic has diverted foreign government staff time normally directed toward contract matters involving SIGA and has affected and could continue to affect the timing of international contract awards for oral TPOXX®. Additionally, although SIGA has completed delivery of TPOXX® courses covered by the option exercised by the U.S. Government in 2021, the pandemic could result in a slower pace of future product deliveries if the pandemic results in shortages or delays in the receipt by the supply chain of raw materials or supplies. Furthermore, Executive Order 14042 by the President of the United States, which subjects federal prime contractors and subcontractors to certain vaccination requirements and other COVID-19 related safety measures, could have a material impact on the availability and/or timing of services provided to SIGA by certain vendors for supply chain activities and research and development activities. The mandate has been challenged in several cases that are currently pending, and in at least one case a nationwide injunction has barred enforcement of the mandate while the cases are being pursued. The future outcome of such litigation is uncertain, and consequently the scope and enforceability of the underlying vaccine mandate as it applies to federal contractors and subcontracts, is not known at this time. If the general negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic becomes more acute, including due to resurgences in infections or lack of vaccination, there could be material adverse effects to our business and cash flows.

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Our business has been and will continue to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The full extent and nature to which the COVID-19 pandemic, and any related consequences, will impact our business, financial condition and results of operations is uncertain and cannot be predicted.

On September 9, 2021, President Biden directed the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) to issue an Emergency Temporary Standard (“ETS”) requiring that all employers with at least 100 employees ensure that their employees are fully vaccinated for COVID-19 or obtain a negative COVID-19 test at least once a week. President Biden also issued an Executive Order requiring certain COVID-19 precautions for government contractors and their subcontractors, including mandatory employee vaccination (subject to medical and religious exemptions) that directly impacts SIGA given its government contracts. Both mandates were challenged in court. On January 13, 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court stayed the vaccine-or-test emergency temporary standard (ETS) that OSHA issued in November 2021. The stay will be in effect until the claims contesting the ETS’ legality that are pending in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit are fully resolved. As a result, employers do not need to comply with the ETS and OSHA cannot enforce it. Although the OSHA ETS is not in effect at this time, employers may be required under other laws to mandate vaccines (subject to accommodation obligations), such as under the federal vaccine mandate for healthcare workers and the New York City Order requiring vaccines. The vaccine mandate for federal contractors and subcontractors is currently not in effect, as it was stayed by a court in December 2021. It is not currently possible to predict with any certainty the exact impact on us given the requirements for government contractors and their subcontractors. SIGA does not expect a material impact on the current workforce from any requirement to mandate COVID-19 vaccination of our workforce, however such requirements could result in employee attrition and difficulty securing future labor needs at our subcontractors, and therefore have an adverse effect on the amount and timing of future profits. In addition, any requirement to impose obligations on our suppliers under the Executive Order covering government contractors and their subcontractors could impact the price and continuity of services provided in connection with the supply chain, commercial activities and research and development activities, which in turn could impact the Company’s performance under government contracts and the amount and timing of future profits.

Future acquisitions, strategic investments, partnerships or alliances could be difficult to identify and integrate, divert the attention of management, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value, materially change the risk profile of the Company and/or adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

We may in the future seek to acquire or invest in businesses, products or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our services, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth opportunities. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating and pursuing businesses. In addition, we may not be able to find and identify desirable acquisition targets or be successful in entering into an agreement with any particular target or consummating any such agreement. Even if we do consummate an acquisition, in connection therewith we may be required to issue equity (thereby diluting our current stockholders) or debt, we may not be able to integrate successfully the acquired personnel, operations and technologies, or effectively manage the combined business following the acquisition, or the acquired business could otherwise fail to meet our expectations, which, in each case, could have a material adverse effect on our business projections, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The health security markets in which we compete and will compete are highly competitive.

The health security industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological change. Our success will depend on our ability to develop and apply our technologies in the design and development of our product candidates and to establish and maintain a market for our product candidates. In addition, there are many companies, both public and private, including major pharmaceutical and chemical companies, specialized biotechnology firms, universities and other research institutions engaged in developing pharmaceutical, health security and biotechnology products. Many of these companies have substantially greater financial, technical, research and development resources, and human resources than us. Competitors may develop products or other technologies that are more effective than any that are being developed by us or may obtain FDA approval for products more rapidly than us. If we commence commercial sales of products, we still must compete in the manufacturing and marketing of such products, areas in which it is very difficult to succeed and in which we have limited experience and in which we are partially dependent on third parties. Many potential competitors have manufacturing facilities and established marketing capabilities that may enable such companies to market competing products through existing channels of distribution which could provide a substantial advantage.

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Product liability lawsuits could cause us to incur liabilities, which could be substantial, and require us to limit commercialization of any products that we may develop.

Like all pharmaceutical companies, we face an inherent business risk related to the sale of TPOXX® and any other products that we successfully develop and the testing of our product candidates in clinical trials. TPOXX® is currently identified as a covered countermeasure under the PREP Act declaration issued in October 2008, as amended, which provides us with substantial immunity with respect to the manufacture, administration or use of TPOXX®. Under our BARDA Contracts, the U.S. Government should indemnify us against claims by third parties for death, personal injury and other damages related to TPOXX®, including reasonable litigation and settlement costs, to the extent that the claim or loss results from specified risks not covered by insurance or caused by our grossly negligent or criminal behavior. The collection process under the PREP Act can be lengthy and complicated, and there is no guarantee that we would be able to recover these amounts from the U.S. Government.

If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against future claims that our product or product candidates caused injuries and we are not entitled to or able to obtain indemnity by the U.S. Government with respect to such claims, or if the U.S. Government does not honor its indemnification obligations, we may incur liabilities, which could be substantial. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, product liability claims may result in decreased demand for any product candidate or product that we may develop; withdrawal of a product from the market; costs and management time and focus to defend the related litigation; substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients; loss of revenue; harm to our reputation; the inability to commercialize any products that we may develop. Additionally, a successful product liability claim or series of claims brought against us could cause our stock price to fall, could decrease our financial resources and materially exhaust our existing insurance or limit our ability to obtain insurance going forward, all of which would materially adversely affect our business and financial position.

We currently have product liability insurance with coverage up to a $10 million annual aggregate limit and a $10 million per occurrence limit. Product liability insurance is difficult to obtain and increasingly expensive. Should we face claims, we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost and we may not be able to maintain or obtain insurance coverage that will be adequate to satisfy any liability that may arise.

Our activities may involve hazardous materials, use of which may subject us to environmental regulatory liabilities.

Our biopharmaceutical research and development sometimes may involve the use of hazardous and radioactive materials and generation of biological waste. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of these materials and certain waste products, and may have to incur significant costs to comply with current or future environmental laws and regulations. Although we believe that our CMOs’ safety procedures for handling and disposing of these materials comply with legally prescribed standards, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for damages, and this liability could exceed our resources. We use through third parties, for example, small amounts of radioactive isotopes commonly used in pharmaceutical research, which are stored, used and disposed of in accordance with Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations. Our general liability policy provides coverage up to annual aggregate limits of $2 million and coverage of $1 million per occurrence.

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The loss of key personnel or our ability to recruit or retain qualified personnel could adversely affect our results of operations.

We rely upon the ability, expertise, judgment, discretion, integrity and good faith of our senior management team, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Scientific Officer and other key executives. Our success is dependent upon our personnel and our ability to recruit, retain and train high quality employees. We must continue to recruit, retain and motivate management and other employees sufficient to maintain our current business and support our projected growth. The loss of services of any members of our key management team could have a material adverse effect on our business. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has increased employment changes in many industries, including ours. We cannot predict with certainty how, if at all, this may impact SIGA.

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or a deficiency in our cyber-security.

Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, natural disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the Internet, attachments to emails, persons inside our organization or persons with access to systems inside our organization. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased and been targeted at pharmaceutical companies in particular. If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our drug development programs. For example, the loss of clinical trial data from completed or ongoing or planned clinical trials could result in delays in our regulatory approval efforts and significantly increase our costs to recover or reproduce the data. Also, confidential patient and other personal or sensitive information may be compromised in a cyber-attack or cyber-intrusion. To the extent that any disruption or security breach was to result in a loss of or damage to our data or applications, or inappropriate disclosure of confidential or proprietary information, we could incur material legal claims and liability, damage to our reputation, and the further development of our drug candidates could be delayed.

We may need additional funding, which may not be available to us, and which may force us to delay, reduce or limit proposed acquisitions or strategic investments or any of our non-government funded product development programs or commercial efforts.

Although we believe our current cash position is strong, we may require additional financing and, while we have raised funds through credit facilities and the issuance of new equity or the exercise of options or warrants in the past, there is no guarantee that we will continue to be successful in raising such funds should we need to seek to do so. If we are unable to raise additional funds, we could be forced to discontinue, cease or limit certain strategic transactions or operations and equity investors could experience significant or total losses of their investments. Our cash flows may fall short of our projections or be delayed, or our expenses may increase, which could result in our capital being consumed significantly faster than anticipated. If we are able to obtain additional financing through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, such sales may contain terms, such as liquidation and other preferences that are not favorable to us or our stockholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements with third parties, it may be necessary to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. Debt financing arrangements, if available, may require us to pledge certain assets or enter into covenants that could restrict our business activities or our ability to incur further indebtedness and may be at interest rates and contain other terms that are not favorable to our stockholders.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2.Properties

Our headquarters are located in New York, NY, and our research and development facilities are located in Corvallis, Oregon. In May 2017, we entered into a new 10-year lease with a related party to let 3,200 square feet in New York, NY to serve as our corporate headquarters.

In Corvallis, we lease approximately 10,276 square feet. Until its expiration on December 31, 2017, this facility was leased under an amended lease agreement signed in January 2007, and most recently changed through an addendum in April 2015. On November 3, 2017 we entered into a new lease for the same space which was scheduled to expire in December 2019. In the second quarter of 2019, we exercised the first renewal option which was scheduled to expire in December 2021. In the second quarter of 2021, we exercised the second renewal option, which extended the lease expiration date to December 31, 2024.

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings arising from the ordinary course of our business, collections claims, breach of contract claims, labor and employment claims, tax and other matters. Although such claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the resolution of such current pending matters, if any, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flow. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of legal costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The Company's common stock trades on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "SIGA."

There were 26 holders of record as of February 16, 2022. We believe that the number of beneficial owners of our common stock is substantially greater than the number of record holders, because a large portion of common stock is held in broker “street names.”

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On March 5, 2020, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase, from time to time, up to an aggregate of $50 million of the Company’s common stock through December 31, 2021. This program has been fulfilled with the maximum amount being used to repurchase shares.

On August 5, 2021, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $50 million of the Company's common stock through December 31, 2023. The Company started repurchasing shares under this program in the fourth quarter of 2021. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including: the timing of exercise of procurement options under government contracts; alternative opportunities for strategic uses of cash; the stock price of the Company’s common stock; market conditions; and other corporate liquidity requirements and priorities.

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Performance Graph

The following line graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return through December 31, 2021, assuming reinvestment of dividends, by an investor who invested $100 on December 31, 2016 in each of (i) our common stock; (ii) the Nasdaq Composite; and (iii) the Nasdaq Biotech Composite.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The information required by this item concerning securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is set forth in Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”

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Item 6.[Reserved]

Not applicable.

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Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. Refer to Part II, Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 (filed with the SEC on March 4, 2021) for additional discussion of our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020, as well as our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this Annual Report contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties.

Overview

We are a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company. Our lead product, TPOXX® (“oral TPOXX®”), is a United States Food & Drug Administration ("FDA")-approved oral formulation antiviral drug for the treatment of human smallpox disease caused by variola virus. On July 13, 2018, the FDA approved oral TPOXX® for the treatment of smallpox.

Oral TPOXX® is a novel, patented drug that is easy to store, transport and administer. Oral TPOXX® labeling, approved by the FDA, limits sales of oral TPOXX® in the U.S. to those for the U.S. Strategic National Stockpile ("Strategic Stockpile"). The Company has been delivering oral TPOXX® to the Strategic Stockpile since 2013.

On December 1, 2021, the Company announced that Health Canada approved oral tecovirimat as an extraordinary use drug.

On January 10, 2022, a Marketing Authorisation Application ("MAA") with the European Medicines Agency ("EMA") for oral tecovirimat was approved. The MAA was filed under the centralized application process, which authorized the sale of oral tecovirimat in European Union member states, as well as Norway (which granted separate follow-on approval), Iceland, and Liechtenstein. The EMA approved label indication covers the treatment of smallpox, monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia complications following vaccination against smallpox.

With respect to the regulatory approvals by Health Canada and the EMA, oral tecovirimat represents the same formulation that was approved by the FDA in July 2018 under the brand name TPOXX®.

For the intravenous formulation of TPOXX® ("IV TPOXX®"), SIGA filed a New Drug Application ("NDA") with the FDA on April 30, 2021. Based on its review of the NDA, the FDA will decide whether to approve IV TPOXX® and whether to impose any marketing restrictions or require additional post-approval clinical studies. The Company is targeting the first half of 2022 for completion of this review process. There can be no assurance that any approval will be granted on a timely basis, if at all.

COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant societal and economic disruption. Such disruption, and the associated risks and costs, are expected to continue for an indeterminate period of time. Given the uncertain future course of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the uncertain scale and scope of its future direct and indirect impact, the Company is continually reviewing business and financial risks related to the pandemic and seeking coordination with its government partners with respect to the performance of current and future government contracts. Additionally, the Company is continually coordinating with service providers and vendors, in particular Contract Manufacturing Organizations ("CMOs") that constitute our supply chain, with respect to actions and risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

As of the filing date of this report, the Company has not identified or been notified by government customers of impediments to the continued full performance of their government contracts. With regard to day-to-day operations, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the secondary effects of the pandemic, have at times slowed the daily pace of execution of government contracts as well as new contract generation. For example, U.S. and foreign government staffs overseeing health security preparedness have been involved directly or indirectly in governmental responses to the pandemic, which has diverted government staff time that would normally be directed toward contract matters involving SIGA. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the secondary effects of the pandemic have increased the risk of delays in connection with a broad range of operational activities, including: supply chain procurement of raw materials and manufacturing; and certain research and development activities, such as those that involve clinical trials. While the Company does not currently expect any pandemic-related delays in such operational activities to have a material adverse impact on the financial condition or annual financial results of the Company, or its long-term performance, the Company cannot give assurances as to the full extent of the impact at this time.

Overall, while the COVID-19 pandemic has not adversely affected the liquidity position of the Company, the pandemic has diverted foreign government staff time normally directed toward contract matters involving SIGA and has affected and could continue to affect the timing of international contract awards for oral TPOXX®. Additionally, although SIGA has completed delivery of TPOXX® courses covered by the procurement option exercised in 2021, the pandemic could result in a slower pace of future product deliveries if the pandemic results in shortages or delays in the receipt by the supply chain of raw materials or supplies. Furthermore, Executive Order 14042 by the President of the United States, which subjects federal prime contractors and subcontractors to certain vaccination requirements and other COVID-19 related safety measures, could have a material impact on the availability and/or timing of services provided to SIGA by certain vendors for supply chain activities and research and development activities. The mandate has been challenged in several cases that are currently pending, and in at least one case a nationwide injunction has barred enforcement of the mandate while the cases are being pursued. The future outcome of such litigation is uncertain, and consequently the scope and enforceability of the underlying vaccine mandate as it applies to federal contractors and subcontracts, is not known at this time. If the general negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic becomes more acute, including due to resurgences in infections or lack of vaccination, there could be material adverse effects to our business and cash flows.

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Procurement Contracts with the U.S. Government

19C BARDA Contract

On September 10, 2018, the Company entered into a contract with the U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority ("BARDA") pursuant to which SIGA agreed to deliver up to 1,488,000 courses of oral TPOXX® to the U.S. Strategic National Stockpile ("Strategic Stockpile"), and to manufacture and deliver to the Strategic Stockpile, or store as vendor-managed inventory, up to 212,000 courses of the intravenous (IV) formulation of TPOXX® (“IV TPOXX®”). Additionally, the contract includes funding from BARDA for a range of activities, including: advanced development of IV TPOXX®, post-marketing activities for oral and IV TPOXX®, and procurement activities. As of December 31, 2021, the contract with BARDA (as amended, modified, or supplemented from time to time, the "19C BARDA Contract") contemplates up to approximately $602.5 million of payments, of which approximately $51.7 million of payments are included within the base period of performance of five years, approximately $239.7 million of payments are related to exercised options and up to approximately $311.1 million of payments are currently specified as unexercised options. The $239.7 million of payments related to exercised options includes an option exercised on September 7, 2021 for the manufacture and delivery of approximately $112.6 million of oral TPOXX®. BARDA may choose in its sole discretion when, or whether, to exercise any of the unexercised options. The period of performance for options is up to ten years from the date of entry into the 19C BARDA Contract and such options could be exercised at any time during the contract term, including during the base period of performance.

The base period of performance specifies potential payments of approximately $51.7 million for the following activities: payments of approximately $11.1 million for the delivery of approximately 35,700 courses of oral TPOXX® to the Strategic Stockpile; payments of $8.0 million for the manufacture of 20,000 courses of final drug product of IV TPOXX® ("IV FDP"), of which $3.2 million of payments are related to the manufacture of bulk drug substance ("IV BDS") to be used in the manufacture of IV FDP; payments of approximately $32.0 million to fund advanced development of IV TPOXX®; and payments of approximately $0.6 million for supportive procurement activities. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has received $11.1 million for the successful delivery of approximately 35,700 courses of oral TPOXX® to the Strategic Stockpile, $3.2 million for the manufacture of IV BDS and $13.8 million for other base period activities. IV BDS is expected to be used for the manufacture of 20,000 courses of IV FDP. The $3.2 million received for the completed manufacture of IV BDS has been recorded as deferred revenue as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020; such amount is expected to be recognized as revenue when IV TPOXX® containing such IV BDS is delivered to the Strategic Stockpile or placed in vendor-managed inventory.

The options that have been exercised to date provide for payments up to approximately $239.7 million. There are exercised options for the following activities: payments up to $11.2 million for the procurement of raw materials used in the 2020 manufacture of certain courses of oral TPOXX®; payments up to $213.9 million for the delivery of up to 726,140 courses of oral TPOXX®; and payments of up to $14.6 million for funding of post-marketing activities for oral TPOXX®. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has delivered approximately $225.1 million (including the value of raw materials) of oral TPOXX® to the Strategic Stockpile, of which approximately $112.5 million was delivered in 2021 (including approximately $79.7 million of oral TPOXX® that was delivered and invoiced in December 2021, for which full payment was received in January 2022); and $7.3 million has been received or billed for in connection with post-marketing activities for oral TPOXX®.

Unexercised options specify potential payments up to approximately $311.1 million in total (if all such options are exercised). There are options for the following activities: payments of up to $225.1 million for the delivery of oral TPOXX® to the Strategic Stockpile; payments of up to $76.8 million for the manufacture of courses of IV FDP, of which up to $30.7 million of payments would be paid upon the manufacture of IV BDS to be used in the manufacture of IV FDP; payments of up to approximately $3.6 million to fund post-marketing activities for IV TPOXX®; and payments of up to approximately $5.6 million for supportive procurement activities.

The options related to IV TPOXX® are divided into two primary manufacturing steps. There are options related to the manufacture of bulk drug substance (“IV BDS Options”), and there are corresponding options (for the same number of IV courses) for the manufacture of final drug product (“IV FDP Options”). BARDA may choose to exercise any, all, or none of these options in its sole discretion. The 19C BARDA Contract includes: three separate IV BDS Options, each providing for the bulk drug substance equivalent of 64,000 courses of IV TPOXX®; and three separate IV FDP Options, each providing for 64,000 courses of final drug product of IV TPOXX®. BARDA has the sole discretion as to whether to simultaneously exercise IV BDS Options and IV FDP Options, or whether to exercise options at different points in time (or alternatively, to only exercise the IV BDS Option but not the IV FDP Option). If BARDA decides to only exercise IV BDS Options, then the Company would receive payments up to $30.7 million; alternatively, if BARDA decides to exercise both IV BDS Options and IV FDP Options, then the Company would receive payments up to $76.8 million. For each set of options relating to a specific group of courses (for instance, the IV BDS and IV FDP options that reference the same 64,000 courses), BARDA has the option to independently purchase IV BDS or IV FDP. The Company estimates that sales of the IV formulation under this contract (under current terms), assuming the IV FDP Options were exercised, would have a gross margin (sales less cost of sales, as a percentage of sales) that is less than 40%.

Under the terms of this contract, exercise of procurement options is at the sole discretion of BARDA. The request for proposal that preceded the award of the 19C BARDA Contract indicated that the expected purpose of the contract was to maintain the level of smallpox antiviral preparedness in the Strategic Stockpile. Based on prior product delivery activity, and current FDA-approved shelf life of oral TPOXX®, the Company estimates that approximately 940,000 courses of smallpox antiviral treatment would need to be delivered to the U.S. Government between 2022 and 2024 in order to maintain stockpile levels of unexpired smallpox antiviral treatment during this period.

1C BARDA Contract (2011 BARDA Contract)

On May 13, 2011, the Company signed a contract with BARDA ("1C BARDA Contract" or "2011 BARDA Contract") pursuant to which BARDA agreed to buy from the Company 1.7 million courses of oral TPOXX®, as well as provide development funding for certain activities.

The 1C BARDA Contract specifies approximately $508.4 million of payments, of which, as of December 31, 2021, $459.8 million had been received by the Company for the manufacture and delivery of oral TPOXX® and $45.9 million had been received for certain reimbursements in connection with development and supportive activities. Approximately $2.7 million remains eligible to be received in the future for reimbursements of development and supportive activities.

The 1C BARDA Contract expires in December 2024.

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International Procurement Contracts

Contract with Public Health Agency of Canada

On January 13, 2021, the Public Health Agency of Canada ("PHAC") awarded a contract to Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. (“Meridian") (the “Contract”) for the purchase of up to approximately $33 million of oral TPOXX® (tecovirimat) within five years. In January 2022, PHAC published a proposed amendment in which total procurement of oral TPOXX® under the Contract would be increased to an amount of up to $38 million, with firm commitments for the cumulative purchase of approximately $23 million of oral TPOXX® by March 31, 2023; the remaining courses under the Contract are targeted for delivery after March 31, 2023 and are subject to option exercise by PHAC. As of December 31, 2021, approximately $10 million of oral TPOXX® courses had been delivered to and accepted by PHAC. Such courses were delivered in the first six months of 2021. The contract award was coordinated between SIGA and Meridian under an international promotion agreement, as amended (the "International Promotion Agreement") that was entered into by the parties on June 3, 2019. As such, Meridian is the PHAC's counterparty under the Contract, and SIGA is responsible for manufacture and delivery of any oral TPOXX® purchased thereunder.

Canadian Military Contract

On April 3, 2020, the Company announced that the Canadian Department of National Defence (“CDND”) awarded a contract (the "Canadian Military Contract") to Meridian, pursuant to which the CDND will purchase up to approximately $14 million of oral TPOXX® over four years. In the second quarter 2020, CDND purchased approximately $2 million of oral TPOXX®. In the third quarter of 2021, CDND purchased another approximately $2 million of oral TPOXX® courses. The remaining purchases are at the option of the CDND. Meridian is the CDND's counterparty under the Canadian Military Contract, and SIGA is responsible for manufacture and delivery of any oral TPOXX® purchased thereunder.

International Promotion Agreement

Under the terms of the International Promotion Agreement, Meridian was granted exclusive rights to market, advertise, promote, offer for sale, or sell oral TPOXX® in a field of use specified in the International Promotion Agreement in all geographic regions except for the United States (the “Territory”), and Meridian has agreed not to commercialize any competing product, as defined in the International Promotion Agreement, in the specified field of use in the Territory. SIGA retains ownership, intellectual property, distribution and supply rights and regulatory responsibilities in connection with TPOXX®, and, in the United States market, also retains sales and marketing rights with respect to oral TPOXX®. SIGA’s consent is required for the entry into any sales arrangement pursuant to the International Promotion Agreement.

The fee Meridian retains pursuant to the International Promotion Agreement is a specified percentage of the collected proceeds of sales of oral TPOXX® net of certain expenses, for years in which customer invoiced amounts net of such expenses are less than or equal to a specified threshold, and a higher specified percentage of such collected net proceeds for years in which such net invoiced amounts exceed the specified threshold. Taking into account Meridian’s fee and manufacturing costs of oral TPOXX®, it is currently estimated by the Company that international sales of oral TPOXX® will have a contribution margin (as expressed as a percentage of product sales, and before any consideration of expenses not directly related to manufacturing or Meridian activities) of between approximately 65% and 80%. For purposes of this disclosure, contribution margin (in amount) represents international product sales less applicable cost of sales and the Meridian fee (which is included within selling, general and administrative expenses within the income statement).

Critical Accounting Estimates

The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our consolidated financial statements, which we discuss under the heading “Results of Operations” following this section of our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Some of our accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our most critical accounting estimates include revenue recognition over time, the valuation of warrants granted or issued by the Company, and income taxes (including realization of deferred tax assets).

Revenue Recognition

All of our revenue is derived from long-term contracts that can span multiple years. We account for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The unit of account in ASC 606 is a performance obligation. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Our performance obligations are satisfied over time as work progresses or at a point in time. Revenue connected with performance obligations related to product delivery and supportive services are recognized at a point in time. Revenue connected with performance obligations related to research and development are recognized over time.

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Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of our performance obligations for which revenue is recognized over time, the estimation of total revenue and costs to satisfy the obligations is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. The consideration associated with these types of performance obligations is considered variable. We estimate variable consideration as the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when any uncertainty associated with variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our historical and anticipated performance, external factors, trends and all other information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.

Contracts are often modified to account for additional services to be performed. We consider contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new enforceable rights and obligations, or changes existing enforceable rights and obligations. If the effect of a contract modification on the transaction price changes our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, the impact will be recognized in the period of modification as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis.

We have a process in which management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and opportunities and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. The risks and opportunities include management’s judgment about the ability and cost to achieve the schedule, technical requirements and other contract requirements. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding labor productivity, the complexity of the work to be performed, customer behavior and execution by our subcontractors, among other variables.

Based on this analysis, any quarterly adjustments to revenues, research and development expenses and cost of sales and supportive services are recognized as necessary in the period they become known. Changes in estimates of revenues, research and development expenses and cost of sales and supportive services are recognized quarterly on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes in the current period the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods based on a performance obligation’s percentage of completion. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of one or more of our performance obligations.

Income Taxes

Our income tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect management’s best estimate of current and future taxes to be paid. We are subject to U.S. federal income tax and state income tax in numerous jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in the determination of our income tax expense.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and their reported amounts in the financial statements, which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. Each reporting period, we assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets to determine if the deductible temporary differences will be utilized on a more-likely-than-not basis. In making this determination, we assess all available positive and negative evidence to determine if our existing deferred tax assets are realizable on a more-likely-than-not basis. Significant weight is given to positive and negative evidence that is objectively verifiable. We consider the reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operating results.

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The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income change and/or if significant objective negative evidence is no longer present or if significant negative evidence becomes available. Such changes could lead to a change in judgment related to the realization of the net deferred tax asset. Future changes in the estimated amount of deferred taxes expected to be realized will be reflected in our financial statements in the period the estimate is changed with a corresponding adjustment to operating results.

Income tax benefits are recognized for a tax position when, in management’s judgment, it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. For a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the tax benefit is measured as the largest amount that is judged to have a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority. As of December 31, 2021, we recorded an uncertain tax position attributable to a reduction related to state net operating loss carryforwards. In the event that we conclude that we are subject to interest and/or penalties arising from uncertain tax positions, we will present interest and penalties as a component of income taxes.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Under ASC 740, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period which the new legislation is enacted. The CARES Act made various tax law changes, including among other things: (i) increasing the limitation under IRC Section 163(j) for 2019 and 2020 to permit additional expensing of interest; (ii) enacting a technical correction so that qualified improvement property can be immediately expensed under IRC Section 168(k); (iii) making modifications to the federal net operating loss rules including permitting federal net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to the five preceding taxable years in order to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes; and (iv) enhancing recoverability of AMT tax credit carryforwards.

Warrant Liability

We account for warrants in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires that free-standing derivative financial instruments with certain cash settlement features be classified as assets or liabilities at the time of the transaction, and recorded at their fair value. Fair value is estimated using a model-derived valuation. Determining the fair value for warrants includes the expected volatility of our stock. An increase or decrease in the expected volatility of our stock of 10% would result in an additional gain or loss of approximately $0.1 million. Any changes in the fair value of the warrants are reported in earnings or loss as long as they are classified as assets or liabilities.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For discussion regarding the impact of accounting standards that were recently issued but are not yet effective, on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements.

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Results of Operations for the Years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

Revenues from product sales and supportive services for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $126.8 million and $115.5 million, respectively. Such revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021 include $112.5 million of revenue related to sales of oral TPOXX® to the U.S. Government under the 19C BARDA Contract and $12.7 million of revenue related to international sales of oral TPOXX®. Such revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 include $112.6 million of revenue related to sales of oral TPOXX® to the U.S. Government under the 19C BARDA Contract and $2.3 million of revenue related to international sales of oral TPOXX®.

Revenues from research and development contracts and grants for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, were $6.9 million and $9.5 million, respectively. The decrease of $2.6 million, or 27.6%, primarily reflects a decrease in revenue in connection with a decrease in direct vendor-related costs for IV TPOXX® and post-marketing regulatory activities for oral TPOXX®, partially offset by higher revenues associated with the PEP Label Expansion R&D Contract.

Cost of sales and supportive services for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $16.6 million and $14.8 million, respectively. Such costs in 2021 and 2020 were primarily associated with the manufacture and delivery of oral TPOXX® courses to the U.S. Government under the 19C BARDA Contract and in connection with international sales. Additionally, there was an inventory-related loss of $0.6 million in 2021.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $17.3 million and $14.0 million, respectively, reflecting an increase of $3.3 million, or 23.7%. The increase primarily reflects the promotion fees paid in connection with the courses delivered to PHAC and the CDND in 2021 as well as an increase in certain insurance, business development and consulting costs.

Research and development expenses were $9.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of approximately $1.0 million, or 9.1% from the $10.9 million incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in direct vendor-related expenses incurred under the BARDA 19C Contract in connection with supporting the development of IV TPOXX® and post-marketing regulatory activities for oral TPOXX®, partially offset by higher costs associated with the PEP Label Expansion R&D Contract.

Patent expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $0.7 million. These expenses reflect our ongoing efforts to protect our lead drug candidates in varied geographic territories.

In connection with the voluntary repayment of the term loan facility under the Loan Agreement (the "Term Loan") on March 13, 2020, we recognized a loss on the extinguishment of the Term Loan of approximately $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Interest expense on the Term Loan for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $3.0 million. The $3.0 million of interest for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes $0.9 million of accretion of unamortized costs and fees (prior to repayment of the Term Loan). There was no interest expense recognized for the year ended December 31, 2021 as our Term Loan was paid off in March 2020.

Changes in the fair value of the liability classified warrant to acquire common stock were recorded within the income statement. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a gain of approximately $0.1 million reflecting a decrease in the fair value of the liability-classified warrant. For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded a loss of approximately $3.5 million reflecting an increase in fair value of the liability-classified warrant primarily due to an increase in the price of our common stock.

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Other income, net for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Other income primarily reflects interest income on the Company's cash balance held in restricted and unrestricted accounts. The decrease of approximately $0.4 million is driven by lower cash balances during the year as well as lower interest rates for 2021 when compared to 2020.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized a tax provision of $19.9 million on pre-tax income of $89.3 million. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2021 was 22.2% and differs from the statutory rate of 21% primarily as a result of non-deductible executive compensation under IRC Section 162(m), and state and local taxes.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a tax provision of $17.2 million on pre-tax income of $73.5 million. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2020 was 23.4% and differs from the statutory rate of 21% primarily as a result of a non-taxable adjustment for the fair market value of the Warrant, non-deductible executive compensation under IRC Section 162(m), and state and local taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2021, we had $103.1 million in cash and cash equivalents, compared with $117.9 million at December 31, 2020. There was no restricted cash as of December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020 given that the Term Loan was repaid in March 2020. The restricted cash and cash equivalents were available to pay interest, fees and principal on the Term Loan. The Company voluntarily prepaid the Term Loan on March 13, 2020 in an approximate amount of $87.2 million, including accrued interest. As a result of repayment of the Term Loan, there are no restrictions on the use of our cash and cash equivalents.

Operating Activities

We prepare our consolidated statement of cash flows using the indirect method. Under this method, we reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows from operating activities by adjusting net income (loss) for those items that impact net income (loss) but may not result in actual cash receipts or payments during the period. These reconciling items include but are not limited to stock-based compensation and changes in the fair value of our warrant liability; gains and losses from various transactions and changes in the consolidated balance sheet for working capital from the beginning to the end of the period.

Net cash provided by operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $11.5 million and $71.5 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the receipt of approximately $43.7 million in connection with U.S. Government and international sales of oral TPOXX® was partially offset by net cash usage primarily related to manufacturing of inventory and customary operating activities. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the receipt of approximately $114.9 million in connection with U.S. Government and international sales of oral TPOXX® was partially offset by net cash usage primarily related to manufacturing of inventory and customary operating activities.

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On December 31, 2021 and 2020, our accounts receivable balance was approximately $83.7 million (which includes approximately $2.2 million of unbilled receivables) and $3.3 million, respectively. Our accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2021 primarily reflects deliveries of approximately $79.7 million of oral TPOXX® to the U.S. Government in December 2021, for which we received full payment in January 2022. Our accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2020 primarily reflects work that was reimbursable by BARDA and was performed during the year ended December 31, 2020 in connection with oral and IV TPOXX®.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $50,620 and $15,501, respectively, related to capital expenditures.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $26.2 million and $114.6 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2021, $26.0 million was associated with our repurchase of approximately 3.8 million shares of common stock. For the year ended December 31, 2020, $85.9 million was associated with our voluntary prepayment of the Term Loan and approximately $28.5 million was associated with the repurchase of approximately 4.6 million shares of common stock.

Future Cash Requirements

As of December 31, 2021, we have outstanding purchase orders associated with manufacturing obligations in the aggregate amount of approximately $20.1 million.

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our investment portfolio includes cash and cash equivalents. Our main investment objective is the preservation of investment capital. We believe that our investment policy is conservative, both in the duration of our investments and the credit quality of the investments we hold. We do not utilize derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments or other market risk sensitive instruments, positions or transactions to manage exposure to interest rate changes. As such, we believe that the securities we hold are subject to market risk, changes in the financial standing of the issuer of such securities and our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. Additionally, we are subject to the impact of stock price fluctuations of our common stock in that we have a liability-classified warrant in which 1.0 million shares of SIGA common stock can be purchased at a strike price of $1.50 per share. For every $1 increase in the stock price of SIGA, the intrinsic value of the liability-classified warrant will increase by approximately $1.0 million.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238) 43

Consolidated Balance Sheets 45

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) 46

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity/(Deficiency) 47

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 48

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 49

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

TotheBoard of Directors and Stockholders of SIGA Technologies, Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SIGA Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), of changes in stockholders' equity/(deficiency) and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Changes in Accounting Principles

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases in 2019.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

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Revenue Recognition – Estimated Costs to Complete the Research and Development Services (“R&D”) Performance Obligations for the 19C BARDA and PEP Label Expansion R&D Contracts

As discussed in Notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, all of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was generated from long-term contracts. For these contracts, all revenue associated with current research and development performance obligations for the 19C BARDA and PEP Label Expansion R&D Contracts, which totaled approximately $4.8 million and $2.5 million respectively, is recognized over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the services as the Company performs these services. The Company recognizes revenue related to these services based on the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation and measures this progress under an input method, which is based on the Company’s costs incurred relative to total estimated costs. Under this method, progress is measured based on the cost of resources consumed compared to the total estimated costs to completely satisfy the performance obligation. As disclosed by management, due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of the performance obligations, management’s estimation of total revenue and costs to satisfy the obligations is complex, subject to many variables, and requires significant judgment. The incurred and estimated costs used in the measure of progress include third-party services performed, direct labor hours, and material consumed.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to revenue recognition – estimated costs to complete the R&D performance obligations for the 19C BARDA and PEP Label Expansion R&D Contracts is a critical audit matter are the significant judgments by management when determining the estimated costs to completely satisfy the performance obligations. This in turn led to significant auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and in evaluating the estimates of the costs to complete related to management’s estimates of total forecasted costs.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included, among others, evaluating and testing management’s process for determining the estimated costs to completely satisfy each performance obligation for the 19C BARDA and PEP Label Expansion R&D Contracts, which included evaluating the reasonableness of management’s estimates of total forecasted costs. Evaluating the reasonableness of management’s estimates of total forecasted costs involved assessing management’s ability to reasonably estimate costs to complete the performance obligation by (i) comparing, on a test basis, the underlying cost estimates to approved contracts or modifications; (ii) comparing, on a test basis, the underlying transaction price to original contracts or modifications; and (iii) testing actual costs incurred and their eligibility for billing under the research and development performance obligations.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Florham Park, New Jersey

March 3, 2022

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1997.

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SIGA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of

ASSETS

Current assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Current liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

Stockholders' equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SIGA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

For the Years Ended December 31

Revenues

Operating expenses

Loss on extinguishment of Term Loan — (4,981,461 ) —

Basic earnings (loss) per share $ 0.92 $ 0.71 $ (0.09 )

Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ 0.91 $ 0.71 $ (0.15 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SIGA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY/(DEFICIENCY)

For the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

Accumulated

Additional Other Total

Common Stock Paid-In Accumulated Comprehensive Stockholders’

Shares Amount Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Equity/ (Deficiency)

Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 9,769 1 (1 ) —

Issuance of common stock to employees 53,332 5 (5 ) —

Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 11,822 1 (1 ) —

Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs 177,876 18 (18 ) —

Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs 162,876 16 (16 ) —

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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SIGA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Years Ended December 31

Cash flows from operating activities:

Write down of inventory, net 618,771 — —

Loss on extinguishment of Term Loan — 4,981,461 —

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Cash flows from investing activities:

Cash flows from financing activities:

Supplemental disclosure of cash flows information:

Issuance of common stock upon cashless exercise $ — $ 97,250 $ 118,500

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

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SIGA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.Organization and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

SIGA Technologies, Inc. (“SIGA” or the “Company”) is a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company. The Company's lead product, TPOXX® (“oral TPOXX®”) is a United States Food & Drug Administration ("FDA")-approved oral formulation antiviral drug for the treatment of human smallpox disease caused by variola virus. On July 13, 2018, the FDA approved oral TPOXX®.

On December 1, 2021, the Company announced that Health Canada approved oral tecovirimat as an extraordinary use drug.

With respect to the regulatory approvals by Health Canada and the EMA, oral tecovirimat represents the same formulation that was approved by the FDA in July 2018 under the brand name TPOXX®.

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

Management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. The most significant estimates include the variables used in the calculation of fair value of warrants granted or issued by the Company, reported amounts of revenue, and the valuation of deferred tax assets. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements and related disclosures are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and reflect the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents held in restricted accounts were available to pay interest, fees and principal related to the Term Loan (see Note 7 for additional information). As this Term Loan was repaid on March 13, 2020, the restricted accounts were closed in the second quarter of 2020. There was no restricted cash or cash equivalents as of December 31, 2021 or 2020.

The following table reconciles cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash per the consolidated statements of cash flows to the consolidated balance sheet for each respective period:

As of December 31,

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company has cash in bank accounts that exceeds the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on its cash accounts and no allowance has been provided for potential credit losses because management believes the potential for losses is remote.

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Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded net of provisions for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, 98% and 100%, respectively, of accounts receivable represented receivables from the U.S. Government. An allowance for doubtful accounts is based on specific analysis of the receivables. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with the Company’s products when, based on management’s judgment, future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized; otherwise, such costs are expensed as research and development. Inventory is evaluated for impairment periodically to identify inventory that may expire prior to expected sale or has a cost basis in excess of its net realizable value. If certain batches or units of product no longer meet quality specifications or become obsolete due to expiration, the Company records a charge to write down such unmarketable inventory to its net realizable value.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and amortization are provided on a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various asset classes. The estimated useful lives are as follows: five years for laboratory equipment; three years for computer equipment; and seven years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. Maintenance, repairs and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred.

Warrant Liability

The Company accounts for warrants in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires that free-standing derivative financial instruments with certain cash settlement features be classified as assets or liabilities at the time of the transaction, and recorded at their fair value. Fair value is estimated using model-derived valuations. Any changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are reported in earnings or loss as long as the derivative contracts are classified as assets or liabilities.

Revenue Recognition

All of the Company’s revenue is derived from long-term contracts that span multiple years. The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in ASC 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. As of December 31, 2021, the Company's active performance obligations, for the contracts outlined in Note 3, consist of the following: five performance obligations relate to research and development services; two relate to manufacture and delivery of product; and one is associated with storage of product.

Contract modifications may occur during the course of performance of our contracts. Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications or requirements. In most instances, contract modifications are for services that are not distinct, and, therefore, are accounted for as part of the existing contract.

The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied over time as work progresses or at a point in time. All of the Company’s revenue related to current research and development performance obligations is recognized over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the services as the Company performs these services. The Company recognizes revenue related to these services based on the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation and measures this progress under an input method, which is based on the Company’s cost incurred relative to total estimated costs. Under this method, progress is measured based on the cost of resources consumed (i.e., cost of third-party services performed, cost of direct labor hours incurred, and cost of materials consumed) compared to the total estimated costs to completely satisfy the performance obligation. Incurred costs represent work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. The incurred and estimated costs used in the measure of progress include third-party services performed, direct labor hours, and material consumed.

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Contract Estimates. Accounting for long-term contracts and grants involves the use of various techniques to estimate total contract revenue and costs.

Contract estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that often span multiple years. These assumptions include: labor productivity; the complexity of the work to be performed; external factors such as customer behavior and potential regulatory outcomes; and the performance of subcontractors, among other variables.

The nature of the work required to be performed on many of the Company’s performance obligations and the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion are complex, subject to many variables and require significant judgment. The consideration associated with research and development services is variable as the total amount of services to be performed has not been finalized. The Company estimates variable consideration as the most likely amount to which it expects to be entitled. The Company includes estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when any uncertainty associated with variable consideration is resolved. The Company’s estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our historical and anticipated performance, external factors, trends and all other information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.

A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of the Company’s contracts. As such, the Company reviews and updates its contract-related estimates regularly. The Company recognizes adjustments in estimated revenues, research and development expenses and cost of sales and supportive services under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this method, the impact of the adjustment on revenues, research and development expenses and cost of sales and supportive services recorded to date on a contract is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified.

Contract Balances. The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections may result in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets) and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) in the consolidated balance sheets. Generally, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms either at periodic intervals (monthly) or upon achievement of contractual milestones; as of December 31, 2021, the accounts receivable balance in the balance sheet includes approximately $2.2 million of unbilled receivables. Under typical payment terms of fixed price arrangements, the customer pays the Company either performance-based payments or progress payments. For the Company’s cost-type arrangements, the customer generally pays the Company for its actual costs incurred, as well as its allocated overhead and G&A costs. Such payments occur within a short period of time from billing. When the Company receives consideration, or such consideration is unconditionally due, prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract, the Company records deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million that was included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period.

Remaining Performance Obligations. Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $61.8 million. The Company expects to recognize this amount as revenue within the next three years as the specific timing for satisfying the performance obligations is subjective and outside the Company’s control.

Leases

The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842,Leases (“ASC 842”).

Adoption of ASC 842. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach as of the effective date of the standard without revising prior periods. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification. In addition, the Company elected the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease term for existing leases. The Company’s election of the hindsight practical expedient resulted in the extension of the Oregon lease term as it was determined that the first renewal option under this lease was expected to be exercised with a reasonable degree of certainty. In the second quarter of 2019, the Company exercised the first renewal option under the Oregon lease. The Company was required to record an operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") asset and a corresponding operating lease liability, equal to the present value of the lease payments at the adoption date. In the determination of future lease payments, the Company has elected to aggregate lease components such as payments for rent, taxes and insurance costs with non-lease components such as maintenance costs and account for these payments as a single lease component. The present value of the lease payments was determined using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The impact of adopting ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 was the recording of operating lease right-of-use assets of approximately $2.9 million; the recording of operating lease liabilities of approximately $3.3 million; and a decrease to deferred rent of approximately $0.4 million.

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The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term less than one year are not recorded on the balance sheet and the lease costs are recorded as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating leases with terms greater than one year result in a lease liability recorded in other liabilities with a corresponding right-of-use ("ROU") asset recorded in property, plant and equipment.

Operating lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are recognized based on the corresponding lease liabilities adjusted for qualifying initial direct costs, prepaid or accrued lease payments and unamortized lease incentives. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease which are incorporated into the Company's measurement when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses include costs directly and indirectly attributable to the conduct of research and development programs, and performance pursuant to certain customer contracts, including employee related costs, materials, supplies, depreciation on and maintenance of equipment, the cost of services provided by outside contractors, including services related to the Company’s clinical trials and facility costs, such as rent, utilities, and general support services. All costs associated with research and development are expensed as incurred. Costs related to the acquisition of technology rights, for which development work is still in process, and that have no alternative future uses, are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually or as circumstances warrant. The impairment review process compares the fair value of the reporting unit in which goodwill resides to its carrying value. The Company operates as one business and one reporting unit. Therefore, the goodwill impairment analysis is performed on the basis of the Company as a whole, using the market capitalization of the Company as an estimate of its fair value.

Share-based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors is determined on the grant date; for option awards, fair value was estimated using the Black-Scholes model. These compensation costs are recognized net of an estimated forfeiture rate over the requisite service periods of the awards. Forfeitures are estimated on the date of the respective grant and revised if actual or expected forfeiture activity differs from original estimates.

The fair value of cash-settled restricted stock unit ("RSU") awards is determined by the value of our common stock and is recognized based on the portion of the requisite service period satisfied as of each valuation date. The fair valuation of the cash-settled awards changes based on changes in our common stock price. The portion of cash-settled RSUs that is recognized based on service period is reflected in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. Increases (or decreases) in accrued expenses result in adjustments to earnings for the associated valuation updates.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes income taxes utilizing the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recorded for temporary differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that some or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. The recognition of a valuation allowance for deferred taxes requires management to make estimates and judgments about the Company’s future profitability which are inherently uncertain. The Company may recognize tax benefits from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company re-evaluates uncertain tax positions and considers factors, including, but not limited to, changes in tax law, the measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on tax returns, and changes in circumstances related to a tax position. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

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Repurchase of shares

When shares recognized as equity are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, which includes directly attributable costs, is recognized as a deduction from equity. The excess of the purchase price above par value of repurchased shares that are retired is presented as an increase to accumulated deficit (or a reduction of retained earnings, if any).

Earnings (Loss) per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, assuming potentially dilutive common shares from option exercises, RSUs, warrants and other incentives had been issued and any proceeds received in respect thereof were used to repurchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The assumed proceeds used to repurchase common stock is the sum of the amount to be paid to the Company upon exercise of options and warrants and the amount of compensation cost attributed to future services not yet recognized.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximates fair value due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments. Common stock warrants which are classified as liabilities are recorded at their fair market value as of each reporting period.

The measurement of fair value requires the use of techniques based on observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. The inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

• Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

The Company uses model-derived valuations where certain inputs are unobservable to third parties to determine the fair value of common stock warrants on a recurring basis and classifies the liability-classified warrant as Level 3.

There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during 2021 or 2020. As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents classified as Level 1 financial instruments. There were no Level 2 financial instruments as of December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

The following table presents changes in the liability-classified warrant measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs:

Fair Value Measurements of Level 3 liability-classified warrant

Decrease in fair value of warrant liability (117,770 )

Exercise of warrants —

Loss Contingencies

The Company is subject to certain contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company records accruals for these contingencies to the extent that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. If some amount within a range of loss appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range, that amount is accrued. Alternatively, when no amount within a range of loss appears to be a better estimate than any other amount, the lowest amount in the range is accrued. The Company expenses legal costs associated with loss contingencies as incurred. We record anticipated recoveries under existing insurance contracts when recovery is assured.

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Segment Information

The Company is managed and operated as one business. The entire business is managed by a single management team that reports to the chief executive officer, who is the Chief Operating Decision Maker. The Company does not operate separate lines of business or separate business entities with respect to any of its product candidates. Accordingly, the Company does not prepare discrete financial information with respect to separate product areas or by location and has only one reportable segment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No.2019-12,Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods therein. The adoption of this standard in the first quarter of 2021 had no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

3. Procurement Contracts and Research Agreements

19C BARDA Contract

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Revenues in connection with the 19C BARDA Contract are recognized either over time or at a point in time. Performance obligations related to product delivery generate revenue at a point in time. Revenue from other performance obligations under the 19C BARDA Contract are recognized over time using an input method using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized revenues of $4.8 million and $7.5 million, respectively, on an over time basis. In contrast, revenue recognized for product delivery and therefore at a point in time for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, was $112.5 million and $112.6 million, respectively.

1C BARDA Contract (2011 BARDA Contract)

The 1C BARDA Contract expires in December 2024.

Remaining performance obligations under the 1C BARDA Contract generate revenue over time. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized revenue of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, on an over time basis. In contrast, no revenue was recognized for product delivery and supportive services and therefore at a point in time for the year ended December 31, 2021. Revenue recognized for product delivery and supportive services and therefore at a point in time for the year ended December 31, 2020, was $0.4 million.

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International Procurement Contracts

On January 13, 2021, the Public Health Agency of Canada ("PHAC") awarded a contract to Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. (“Meridian”) (the “Contract”) for the purchase of up to approximately $33 million of oral TPOXX® (tecovirimat) within five years. In January 2022, PHAC published a proposed amendment in which total procurement of oral TPOXX® under the Contract would be increased to an amount of up to $38 million, with firm commitments for the cumulative purchase of approximately $23 million of oral TPOXX® by March 31, 2023; the remaining courses under the Contract are targeted for delivery after March 31, 2023 and are subject to option exercise by PHAC. As of December 31, 2021, approximately $10 million of oral TPOXX® courses had been delivered to and accepted by PHAC. Such courses were delivered in the firstsix months of 2021.

The PHAC and CDND contract awards were both coordinated between SIGA and Meridian under the international promotion agreement, as amended (the "International Promotion Agreement") that was entered into by the parties on June 3, 2019.

Revenue in connection with international procurement contracts for the delivery of product are recognized at a point in time on a gross basis, as the Company acts as the principal in the transaction. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $12.7 million of revenue for deliveries to PHAC and CDND. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $2.3 million of revenue for delivery to CDND.

Research Agreements and Grants

SIGA US Equity

SIGA · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.Properties

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.[Reserved]

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

SIGA US Equity☆

SIGA · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.Properties

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.[Reserved]

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

SIGA US Equity