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Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Introduction

Recent Events Affecting Our Results of Operations

Inflationary Pressures

Inflationary pressures impacted our consolidated results of operations during fiscal 2025, and we anticipate continued inflationary pressures on commodity prices, including beef and beef trimmings, as well as labor inflation during fiscal 2026. In general, we have been able to offset some of these cost increases resulting from inflation by increasing prices at our Company-owned restaurants and entering into sales agreements with our Branded Product Program customers that are correlated to our cost of beef and beef trimmings. We continue to monitor these inflationary pressures and will attempt to implement mitigation measures as needed. Inherent volatility in commodity markets, including beef and beef trimmings, could have a significant impact on our results of operations. Delays in implementing price increases, competitive pressures, recession fears, a decline in consumer spending levels and other factors may limit our ability to implement further price increases in the future.

Uncertainty in the current macroeconomic environment, including the impact of tariffs, may have an adverse impact on our sales or increase our cost of goods sold.

Refinancing of Senior Secured Notes due 2025

On July 10, 2024, the Company entered into a five-year unsecured Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Citibank, N.A. and borrowed $60,000,000 in Term Loan borrowings to refinance and redeem our outstanding 6.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”). See NOTE J – LONG TERM DEBT to the consolidated financial statements and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional information on the Credit Agreement and refinancing. Our future results may be impacted by our debt service and repayment obligations under our Credit Agreement.

Business Overview

We are engaged primarily in the marketing of the “Nathan’s Famous” brand and the sale of products bearing the “Nathan’s Famous” trademarks through several different channels of distribution. Historically, our business has been the operation and franchising of quick-service restaurants featuring Nathan’s World Famous Beef Hot Dogs, crinkle-cut French fries, and a variety of other menu offerings. Our Company-owned and franchised restaurants operate under the name “Nathan’s Famous,” the name first used at our original Coney Island restaurant opened in 1916. Nathan’s product licensing program sells packaged hot dogs, frozen crinkle-cut French fries and additional products to retail customers through supermarkets, grocery channels and club stores for off-site consumption. Our Branded Product Program enables foodservice retailers and others to sell some of Nathan’s proprietary products outside of the realm of a traditional franchise relationship. In conjunction with this program, purchasers of Nathan’s products are granted a limited use of the Nathan’s Famous trademark with respect to the sale of the purchased products, including Nathan’s World Famous Beef Hot Dogs, certain other proprietary food items and paper goods. Our Branded Menu Program is a limited franchise program, under which foodservice operators may sell a greater variety of Nathan’s Famous menu items than under the Branded Product Program.

Our revenues are generated primarily from selling products under Nathan’s Branded Product Program, operating Company-owned restaurants, licensing agreements for the sale of Nathan’s products within supermarkets, grocery stores and club stores, the manufacture of certain proprietary spices by third parties and the royalties, fees and other sums we can earn from franchising the Nathan’s restaurant concept (including the Branded Menu Program and virtual kitchens).

The following summary reflects the openings and closings of the Nathan’s franchise system (including the Branded Menu Program) for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

At March 30, 2025, our franchise system consisted of 230 Nathan’s franchised locations, including 121 Branded Menu locations located in 17states, and 12foreign countries. We also operate four Company-owned restaurants (including one seasonal unit), within the New York metropolitan area.

Our primary focus is to expand the market penetration of the Nathan’s Famous brand by increasing the number of distribution points for our products across all of our business platforms, including our Licensing Program for distribution of Nathan’s Famous branded consumer packaged goods, our Branded Products Program for distribution of Nathan’s Famous branded bulk products to the foodservice industry, and our namesake restaurant system comprised of both Company-owned and franchised restaurants, including virtual kitchens. The primary drivers of our growth have been our Licensing and Branded Product Programs, which are the largest contributors to the Company’s revenues and profits.

While we do not expect to significantly increase the number of Company-owned restaurants, we may opportunistically and strategically invest in a small number of new units as showcase locations for prospective franchisees and master developers as we seek to grow our franchise system.

As described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and other sections in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 30, 2025, our future results could be impacted by many developments including the impact of the inflationary pressures on our business, as well as our dependence on Smithfield Foods, Inc. as our principal supplier, and the dependence of our licensing revenue and overall profitability on our agreement with Smithfield Foods, Inc. Our future operating results could be impacted by supply constraints on beef or by increased costs of beef, beef trimmings and other commodities due to inflationary pressures compared to earlier periods.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements and the notes to our consolidated financial statements contain information that is pertinent to management’s discussion and analysis. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are inherently uncertain and require additional management judgment. Results can materially differ when varying assumptions are applied. We consider the following estimates to be the most critical in understanding the assumptions used by management in preparing the consolidated financial statements due to the subjectivity and sensitivity of the methods used in determining the related estimates. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Form 10-K.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets include property, equipment and right-of-use assets for operating leases with finite useful lives. Impairment losses are recorded on long-lived assets whenever impairment factors are determined to be present. The Company considers a history of restaurant operating losses to be its primary indicator of potential impairment for individual restaurant locations. The Company tests the recoverability of its long-lived assets with finite useful lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company tests for recoverability based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be generated by our individual Company-owned restaurants. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the assets. The Company generally measures fair value by considering discounted estimated future cash flows from such assets. Key inputs to determine estimated future cash flows include forecasted sales growth at individual Company-owned restaurants and a discount rate. We use a weighted average cost of capital discount rate to calculate future cash flows. During recent years, we have faced periods of inflation, led by labor inflation and commodity inflation. Some of the impacts of inflation have been offset by menu price increases. Whether we are able and/or choose to offset the effects of inflation may affect our forecasted sales growth at individual Company-owned restaurants. No long-lived assets were deemed impaired during the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024. Cash flow projections and fair value estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairment charges in future periods and such impairments could be material.

Impairment of Intangible Asset

The Company’s intangible asset consists of the trademarks, and the trade name and other intellectual property in connection with the Arthur Treacher’s Fish & Chips brand.

The Company determined its intangible asset to have a finite useful life based on the expected future use of this intangible asset. Based upon the review of its Arthur Treacher’s Fish & Chips co-branding agreements, the Company determined that the remaining useful lives of these agreements is three years concluding in fiscal 2028 and the intangible asset is subject to annual amortization. The Company’s definite-lived intangible asset is tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company tested for recoverability of its definite-lived intangible asset based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such co-branding agreements. Assumptions used to determine projected undiscounted cash flows include future trends and projected sales. Based on the quantitative test performed, the Company determined that the definite-lived intangible asset was recoverable and no impairment charge was recorded for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024. Cash flow and sales projections require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record an impairment charge in future periods and such impairment could be material.

Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”)

The CECL reserve methodology requires companies to measure expected credit losses on financial instruments based on the total estimated amount to be collected over the lifetime of the instrument. Under CECL, reserves may be established against financial asset balances even if the risk of loss is remote. The Company is exposed to credit losses through its trade accounts receivable.

The Company calculates an allowance for credit losses by pooling its trade accounts receivable based on similar risk characteristics and delinquency status under an aging method at the measurement date. The risk characteristics the Company generally reviews when analyzing its trade accounts receivable pools include the type of receivable (for example, franchise receivable, license receivable, Branded Product Program receivable), payment terms, the Company’s previous loss history, current and future economic conditions and the length of time accounts receivables are past due. For those trade accounts receivable that no longer share similar risk characteristics with its pool and potential loss is evident, a specific reserve is recorded.

Reserves can be subject to a degree of judgment and can be subject to macroeconomic factors, including inflation and forecasts of future economic conditions. A change in these factors could have a material impact on the allowance for credit losses.

Customer Rebates

The Company recognizes Branded Product Program revenue at the net sales price, which includes certain estimates for customer rebates. The provision for Branded Product Program rebates is recorded as a reduction from gross sales and reserves for customer rebates are shown as an increase in accrued customer rebates, which is included in current liabilities. Our estimates are based on historical experience, contractual provisions and other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Historically, actual customer rebates have not differed materially from estimated amounts.

Income Taxes

The Company’s current provision for income taxes is based upon its estimated taxable income in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates, after considering the impact on taxable income of temporary differences resulting from different treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and any operating loss or tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income in those periods in which temporary differences become deductible. Should management determine that it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets would be established in the period such determination was made. We believe that the judgments and estimates made are reasonable. However, if actual results differ from estimated amounts recorded, such differences will impact the income tax provision in the period in which the determination is made.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company has recorded liabilities for underpayment of income taxes and related interest and penalties for uncertain tax positions based on the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Nathan’s recognizes accrued interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as part of the income tax provision.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

See Note B item 24 to the consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Form 10-K for a summary of new accounting standards applicable to us.

Results of Operations

Fiscal year ended March 30, 2025 compared to fiscal year ended March 31, 2024

Revenues

Total revenues increased by approximately 7% to $148,182,000 for the fifty-two weeks ended March 30, 2025 (“fiscal 2025”) as compared to $138,610,000 for the fifty-three weeks ended March 31, 2024 (“fiscal 2024”).

Foodservice sales from the Branded Product Program increased by approximately 6% to $91,828,000 for the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $86,489,000 for the fiscal 2024 period. We estimate that the additional week of operations during fiscal 2024 represented approximately $1,202,000 of additional Branded Product Program sales. During the fiscal 2025 period, the total volume of hot dogs sold in the Branded Product Program increased by approximately 1.2% as compared to the fiscal 2024 period. Our average selling prices increasedby approximately 5% as compared to the fiscal 2024 period.

Total Company-owned restaurant sales increased by approximately 5% to $12,714,000 during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $12,103,000 during the fiscal 2024 period. We estimate that the additional week of operations during fiscal 2024 represented approximately $120,000 of additional sales. Restaurant sales were primarily impacted by higher sales at our Coney Island locations due to an increase in our average check.

License royalties increased by approximately 11% to $37,418,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $33,581,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. We do not believe that the additional week of operations during fiscal 2024 had a significant impact on license royalties as our licensees continued to report based upon their fiscal reporting periods. Total royalties earned on sales of hot dogs from our license agreement with Smithfield Foods, Inc. at retail and foodservice, increased to $33,589,000 for the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $30,068,000 for the fiscal 2024 period. The increase is due to an 11% increase in retail volume.The net selling price at retail was comparable year over year. The foodservice business earned higher royalties of $109,000 as compared to the fiscal 2024 period. Royalties earned from all other licensing agreements for the manufacture and sale of Nathan’s products increasedby $316,000 during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to the fiscal 2024 period primarily due to higher royalties earned on sales of French fries, onion rings, proprietary spices, franks-in-a-blanket, mozzarella sticks and bottled mustard offset, in part, by lower royalties earned on sales of pickles.

Franchise fees and royalties decreased by $208,000 to $4,148,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $4,356,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Total royalties were $3,767,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $3,886,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Royalties earned under the Branded Menu Program were $744,000 in the fiscal 2025 and 2024 periods. Royalties earned under the Branded Menu Program are not based upon a percentage of restaurant sales but are based upon product purchases. Virtual kitchen royalties were $61,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $81,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Traditional franchise royalties were $2,962,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $3,061,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Franchise restaurant sales declined to $66,905,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $68,417,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. We estimate that the additional week of operations during fiscal 2024 resulted in $1,215,000 of additional franchise restaurant sales or royalties of approximately $60,000. Comparable domestic franchise sales (consisting of 58 Nathan’s locations, excluding sales under the Branded Menu Program) were $51,250,000 during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $53,108,000 during the fiscal 2024 period.

At March 30, 2025, 230 franchised locations, including domestic, international and Branded Menu Program units were operating. Total franchise fee income was $381,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $470,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Domestic franchise fee income was $108,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $106,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. International franchise fee income was $237,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $241,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. We recognized $36,000 and $123,000 of forfeited fees in the fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024 periods, respectively. During the fiscal 2025 period, 25 franchise locations opened and 25 franchised locations closed. During the fiscal 2024 period, 17 franchised locations opened and 19 franchised locations closed.

Advertising fund revenue, after eliminating Company contributions, was $2,074,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $2,081,000 during the fiscal 2024 period.

Costs and Expenses

Overall, our cost of sales increased by approximately 8% to $89,707,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $83,182,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. Our gross profit (calculated as total Branded Product sales plus total Company-owned restaurants sales less cost of sales) was $14,835,000 or 14% of sales during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $15,410,000 or 16% of sales during the fiscal 2024 period.

Cost of sales in the Branded Product Program increased by 9% to $82,462,000 during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $75,966,000 in the fiscal 2024 period, primarily due to the 1.2% increase in the volume of hot dogs sold, as well as a 7% increase in the average cost per pound of our hot dogs. A shrinking supply of cattle, combined with industry demand and inflationary pressures have resulted in higher commodity prices, including beef and beef trimmings, contributing to the increase in the average cost per pound of our hot dogs. We did not make any purchase commitments for beef during the fiscal 2025 and 2024 periods. If the cost of beef and beef trimmings increases and we are unable to pass on these higher costs through price increases or otherwise reduce any increase in our costs through the use of purchase commitments, our margins will be adversely impacted. With respect to Company-owned restaurants, our cost of sales during the fiscal 2025 period was $7,245,000 or 57% of restaurant sales, as compared to $7,216,000 or 60% of restaurant sales in the fiscal 2024 period. Food and paper costs as a percentage of Company-owned restaurant sales were 25%, down from 28% in the fiscal 2024 period driven, in part, by price increases across most menu offerings. Labor and related expenses as a percentage of Company-owned restaurant sales were 32%, which was comparable to the fiscal 2024 period. Higher wage rates during fiscal 2025 as a result of legislative increases in the New York State minimum wage were offset by price increases across most menu offerings.

Restaurant operating expenses increased by $202,000 to $4,379,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $4,177,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. The increase is due primarily to higher occupancy expenses of $203,000, higher repairs and maintenance expenses of $41,000, and higher insurance costs of $31,000which were offset, in part, by lower delivery charges of $62,000.

Depreciation and amortization, which primarily consists of the depreciation of fixed assets, including leasehold improvements and equipment, and the amortization of a definite-lived intangible asset, was $957,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $1,135,000 in the fiscal 2024 period.

General and administrative expenses decreased by $1,082,000 to $14,530,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $15,612,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. The reduction in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to higher share-based compensation expense of $259,000, and a higher provision for credit losses of $119,000 which were offset by lower professional fees of $291,000 and a cash bonus payout of $1,000,000 to the Company’s Executive Chairman of the Board in fiscal 2024.

Advertising fund expense, after eliminating Company contributions, was $2,112,000 in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to $1,998,000 in the fiscal 2024 period.

Other Items

Interest expense of $4,106,000 in the fiscal 2025 period represented interest expense of $1,449,000 and $2,504,000 on the 2025 Notes and the Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement, respectively, and amortization of debt issuance costs of $104,000 and $49,000 on the 2025 Notes and the Term Loan borrowings, respectively.

Interest expense of $5,355,000 in the fiscal 2024 period represented interest expense of $5,010,000 on the 2025 Notes and amortization of debt issuance costs of $345,000.

The reduction in interest expense of $1,249,000 is due primarily to lower outstanding long-term debt and a lower interest rate associated with our Credit Agreement.

During fiscal 2025, the Company refinanced and redeemed the 2025 Notes. In connection with the refinancing, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $334,000 that reflected the write-off of the remainder of the debt issuance costs on the 2025 Notes.

Additionally, the Company made a voluntary principal prepayment of $8,000,000 of its Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement and recorded a loss on debt extinguishment of $55,000 related to the write-off of a portion of previously recorded debt issuance costs on the Term Loan borrowings.

During fiscal 2024, the Company completed the partial redemption, in the principal amount of $20,000,000 of the 2025 Notes. In connection with this transaction, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $169,000 that reflected the write-off of a portion of previously recorded debt issuance costs. See NOTE J – LONG-TERM DEBT in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.

Interest and dividend income of $672,000in the fiscal 2025 period represented amounts earned by the Company on its interest bearing bank and money market accounts and money market funds as compared to$383,000 in the fiscal 2024 period. The increase is due to higher levels of invested cash earning interest at higher rates in the fiscal 2025 period as compared to the fiscal 2024 period.

Other income, net was $87,000 in the fiscal 2025 period, which primarily relates to sublease income from a franchised restaurant as compared to $86,000 in the fiscal 2024 period.

Provision for Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate for the fiscal 2025 period was 26.7% compared to 28.5% for the fiscal 2024 period. The effective income tax rate for the fiscal 2025 period reflected income tax expense of $8,735,000 recorded on $32,761,000 of pre-tax income. The effective income tax rate for the fiscal 2024 period reflected income tax expense of $7,835,000 recorded on $27,451,000 of pre-tax income. The effective tax rates are higher than the U.S. Federal statutory rates primarily due to state and local taxes, as well as non-deductible executive compensation under the Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m).

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (“ARPA”), among other things, includes provisions to expand the IRC Section 162(m) disallowance for deduction of certain compensation paid by publicly held corporations. Effective for tax years starting after December 31, 2026 (March 29, 2027 for the Company), ARPA expands the limitations to cover the next five most highly compensated employees. We continue to evaluate the potential impact ARPA may have on our operations and consolidated financial statements in future periods.

The amount of unrecognized tax benefits at March 30, 2025 was $532,000 all of which would impact Nathan’s effective tax rate, if recognized. As of March 30, 2025, Nathan’s had $395,000 accrued interest and penalties in connection with unrecognized tax benefits.

Nathan’s estimates that its unrecognized tax benefit excluding accrued interest and penalties could be further reduced by up to $55,000 during the fiscal year ending March 29, 2026, due primarily to the lapse of statutes of limitations which would favorably impact the Company’s effective tax rate, although no assurances can be given in this regard.

Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Measures

In addition to disclosing results that are determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America ("US GAAP"), the Company has provided EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, which is defined as net income excluding (i) interest expense; (ii) provision for income taxes and (iii) depreciation and amortization expense. The Company has also provided Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, which is defined as EBITDA, excluding (i) loss on debt extinguishment; and (ii) share-based compensation that the Company believes will impact the comparability of its results of operations.

The Company believes that EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP financial measures, are useful to investors to assist in assessing and understanding the Company's operating performance and underlying trends in the Company's business because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are (i) among the measures used by management in evaluating performance and (ii) are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties as a common performance measure.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not recognized terms under US GAAP and should not be viewed as alternatives to net income or other measures of financial performance or liquidity in conformity with US GAAP. Additionally, our definitions of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may differ from other companies. Analysis of results and outlook on a non-US GAAP basis should be used as a complement to, and in conjunction with, data presented in accordance with US GAAP.

Fiscal Year

Depreciation and amortization 957 1,135

Loss on debt extinguishment 389 169

Share-based compensation 993 733

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources and uses of cash

Cash and cash equivalents at March 30, 2025 aggregated $27,802,000, a $6,775,000 increase during the fiscal 2025 period as compared to cash and cash equivalents of $21,027,000 at March 31, 2024. Net working capital increased to $28,371,000 at March 30, 2025 as compared to $23,203,000 at March 31, 2024.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations. Our primary cash requirements are to fund our quarterly dividends, to satisfy the debt service under our credit facility, capital expenditures, working capital and general corporate needs.

2025 Notes

On May 1, 2024, we paid our first semi-annual interest payment on the 2025 Notes of $1,987,500 for the fiscal 2025 period. On August 13, 2024, in connection with the redemption of all of the outstanding $60,000,000 principal amount of its 2025 Notes, the Company paid its final required interest payment of $1,137,000 on the redeemed 2025 Notes.

Credit Agreement

On September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2024, we paid our quarterly mandatory debt principal repayments of $600,000 each, or $1,200,000 in the aggregate, on our Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement. On October 10, 2024, we made a voluntary principal prepayment of $8,000,000 on our outstanding Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement. The prepayment was primarily funded by operating cash flows. As of March 30, 2025, the Company has made cash interest payments of approximately $2,356,000 on the Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement. Subsequent to the year ending March 30, 2025, on March 31, 2025, the Company paid its next quarterly mandatory debt principal repayment of $600,000.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following table presents a summary of our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:

(In thousands) Fiscal year

Net cash provided by operating activities $ 25,240 $ 20,002

Net cash used in investing activities (225 ) (313 )

Net cash used in financing activities (18,240 ) (28,523 )

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ 6,775 $ ( 8,834 )

Operating activities

Cash provided by operations is primarily attributable to net income of $24,026,000 in addition to other non-cash operating items of $2,532,000, offset by changes in other operating assets and liabilities of $1,318,000. Non-cash operating expenses consist principally of a loss on debt extinguishment of $389,000, depreciation and amortization of $957,000, amortization of debt issuance costs of $153,000, share-based compensation expense of $993,000 and a provision for credit losses of $275,000. In the fiscal 2025 period, inventories increased by $379,000 due to timing and Branded Product Program inventory in transit. Prepaid expenses and other current assets decreased by $128,000 due primarily to a decrease in prepaid income taxes of $365,000 which were offset, in part, by an increase in prepaid marketing and insurance expenses of $347,000. Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities decreased by $1,227,000 due principally to lower incentive compensation accruals of $253,000 as well as a decrease in accrued interest expense of $1,528,000 resulting from the timing of our debt service payments under our Credit Agreement. Accounts payable increased by $419,000 due to the timing of product purchases for our Branded Product Program and Company-owned restaurants.

Investing activities

Cash used in investing activities of $225,000 is primarily attributable to capital expenditures incurred for our Branded Product Program and our Coney Island restaurants.

Financing activities

In connection with the Company’s refinancing of the 2025 Notes, the Company borrowed $60,000,000 in Term Loan borrowings pursuant to the Credit Agreement and simultaneously redeemed the 2025 Notes. We incurred $431,000 of debt issuance costs in connection with this refinancing. During fiscal 2025, we made $1,200,000 of mandatory principal repayments, as well as an $8,000,000 voluntary principal repayment on our Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement. Further, the Company paid its four quarterly cash dividends of $0.50 per share totaling $8,172,000. The Company also paid $437,000 for withholding taxes on the net share vesting of 10,000 restricted stock units.

Credit Agreement

On July 10, 2024 (the “Effective Date”), the Company entered into a five-year unsecured Credit Agreement among the Company, as borrower, direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company, as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto (the “Lenders”) and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, swing line lender, L/C issuer and a Lender.

The Credit Agreement provides for a term loan facility (“Term Loan”) of $60,000,000 and a revolving credit facility (“Revolving Loan”) of up to $10,000,000. The Credit Agreement also provides that the Company has the right from time to time during the term of the Credit Agreement to request the Lenders for incremental revolving loan borrowing increases of up to an additional $10,000,000 in the aggregate, subject to, among other items, the Lenders agreeing to lend any such additional amounts and compliance with terms specified in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement matures on July 10, 2029.

The Company borrowed $60,000,000 in Term Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement on the Effective Date to refinance and redeem its 2025 Notes. The Company will use any Revolving Loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of March 30, 2025, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan. See NOTE J – LONG TERM DEBT in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Credit Agreement.

Share Repurchases

In 2016, the Board authorized increases to the sixth stock repurchase plan for the repurchase of up to 1,200,000 shares of its common stock on behalf of the Company. As of March 30, 2025, Nathan’s has repurchased 1,101,884 shares at a cost of approximately $39,000,000 under the sixth stock repurchase plan. At March 30, 2025, there were 98,116 shares remaining to be repurchased pursuant to the sixth stock repurchase plan. The plan does not have a set expiration date. Purchases under the Company’s stock repurchase program may be made from time to time, depending on market conditions, in open market or privately negotiated transactions, at prices deemed appropriate by management. There is no set time limit on the repurchases. There were no stock repurchases during the fiscal 2025 period. We may return capital to our stockholders through stock repurchases, subject to any restrictions in our Credit Agreement, although there is no assurance that the Company will make any repurchases under its existing stock repurchase plan.

Common Stock Dividends

As discussed above, we had cash and cash equivalents at March 30, 2025 aggregating $27,802,000. Our Board routinely monitors and assesses its cash position and our current and potential capital requirements. During the fiscal 2025 period, the Company declared and paid four quarterly dividends of $0.50 per share aggregating $8,172,000.

Effective June 10, 2025, the Board declared its first quarterly cash dividend of $0.50 per share for fiscal 2026 which is payable on July 1, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 23, 2025.

If the Company pays regular quarterly cash dividends for fiscal 2026 at the same rate as declared in the first quarter of fiscal 2026, the Company’s total cash requirement for dividends for all of fiscal 2026 would be approximately $8,179,000 based on the number of shares of common stock outstanding at June 5, 2025. The Company intends to declare and pay quarterly cash dividends; however, there can be no assurance that any additional quarterly dividends will be declared or paid or of the amount or timing of such dividends, if any.

Our ability to pay future dividends is limited by the terms of our Credit Agreement. In addition, the payment of any cash dividends in the future are subject to final determination of the Board and will be dependent upon our earnings and financial requirements and the terms of our Credit Agreement.

Purchase Commitments

At March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, Nathan’s did not have any open purchase commitments to purchase hot dogs. Nathan’s may enter into purchase commitments in the future as favorable market conditions become available.

Cash Flow Outlook

We expect that in the future we will make investments in certain existing restaurants, support the growth of the Branded Product and Branded Menu Programs, service the principal and interest obligations under the Credit Agreement, fund our dividend program and may continue our stock repurchase programs, funding those investments from our operating cash flow. We may also incur capital and other expenditures or engage in investing activities in connection with opportunistic situations that may arise on a case-by-case basis. While our Credit Agreement bears interest at a fluctuating interest rate based on SOFR plus a spread adjustment, if the Company makes its fiscal year 2026 cash interest payments on its outstanding Term Loan borrowings at the interest rate effective at March 30, 2025, then during the fiscal year ended March 29, 2026, we expect to make cash interest payments of approximately $2,895,000 on the Term Loan borrowings.

We may from time to time seek to make voluntary principal prepayments of Term Loan borrowings under our Credit Agreement. Such voluntary prepayments, if any, will depend on market conditions, our liquidity requirements, satisfactory compliance of covenants and conditions pursuant to our Credit Agreement and other factors.

Management believes that available cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations should provide sufficient capital to finance our operations, satisfy our debt service requirements, fund dividend distributions and, if any, stock repurchases for at least the next 12 months.

Contractual Obligations

At March 30, 2025, we sublet one property to a franchisee that we lease from a third party. We remain contingently liable for all costs associated with this property including rent, property taxes and insurance. We may incur future cash payments with respect to such property, consisting primarily of future lease payments, including costs and expenses associated with terminating such lease.

At March 30, 2025, our contractual obligations primarily consist of the Term Loan borrowings under our Credit Agreement and the mandatory debt principal repayments and the related interest payments, operating leases, and employment agreements with certain executive officers. These contractual obligations impact our short-term and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. See NOTE J – LONG TERM DEBT and NOTE L – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY, STOCK PLANS AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.

Inflationary Pressures

Inflationary pressures on labor and rising commodity prices, most notably for beef and beef trimmings, have impacted our consolidated results of operations during the fiscal 2025 period, and this trend may continue into fiscal 2026. Our average cost of hot dogs during the fiscal 2025 period was approximately 7% higher than during the fiscal 2024 period. Our average cost of hot dogs during the fiscal 2024 period was approximately 10% higher than during the fiscal 2023 period. Inherent volatility experienced in certain commodity markets, such as those for beef and beef trimmings due to seasonal shifts, climate conditions, industry demand, inflationary pressures and other macroeconomic factors could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. This impact will depend on our ability to manage such volatility through price increases and product mix. We are unable to predict the future cost of our hot dogs and expect to experience price volatility for our beef products during fiscal 2026. To the extent that beef prices increase as compared to earlier periods, it could impact our results of operations. In the past, we entered into purchase commitments for a portion of our hot dogs to reduce the impact of increasing market prices. We may attempt to enter into similar purchase arrangements for hot dogs and other products in the future.

We have experienced competitive pressure on labor rates as a result of the increase in the minimum hourly wage for fast food workers where our Company-owned restaurants are located. On January 1, 2025, the minimum wage increased from $16.00 to $16.50 in New York City, Long Island and Westchester which will be followed by an additional $0.50 increase in 2026. Further, beginning in 2027, the minimum wage across New York State will increase annually according to the Consumer Price Index. There has also been an increased demand for labor at all levels which has resulted in greater challenges retaining adequate staffing levels at our Company-owned restaurants; our franchised restaurants and Branded Menu Program locations; as well as for certain vendors in our supply chain that we depend on for our commodities. We remain in contact with our major suppliers and to date we have not experienced significant disruptions in our supply chain.

We believe that these increases in the minimum wage and other changes in employment laws have had a significant financial impact on our financial results and the results of our franchisees that operate in New York State. Our business could be negatively impacted if the decrease in margins for our franchisees results in the potential loss of new franchisees or the closing of a significant number of franchised restaurants.

We expect to continue experiencing volatility in oil and gas prices on our distribution costs for our food products and utility costs in the Company-owned restaurants and volatile insurance costs resulting from rising rates.

Continued increases in labor costs, commodity prices and other operating expenses, including health care, could adversely affect our operations. We attempt to manage inflationary pressure, and rising commodity costs, at least in part, through raising prices. Delays in implementing price increases, competitive pressures, consumer spending levels and other factors may limit our ability to offset these rising costs. Volatility in commodity prices, including beef and beef trimmings, could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations.

The Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows can be impacted by a number of factors, including but not limited to those set forth above in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” any one of which could cause our actual results to vary materially from recent results or from our anticipated future results. For a discussion identifying additional risk factors and important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated, also see the discussions in “Forward-Looking Statements”, “Risk Factors”, and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We have historically invested our cash in money market accounts, money market funds or short-term, fixed rate, highly rated and highly liquid instruments which are generally reinvested when they mature. Although these existing investments are not considered at risk with respect to changes in interest rates or markets for these instruments, our rate of return on short-term investments could be affected at the time of reinvestment as a result of intervening events. As of March 30, 2025, Nathan’s cash and cash equivalents balanceaggregated $27,802,000. Earnings on this cash would increase or decrease by approximately $70,000 per annum for each 0.25% change in interest rates.

Borrowings

On July 10, 2024, we entered into the Credit Agreement and borrowed $60,000,000 in Term Loan borrowings to refinance and redeem the 2025 Notes. Borrowings under our Credit Agreement bear interest at a fluctuating interest rate based on SOFR or a base rate plus a spread adjustment. Accordingly, a rising interest rate environment would result in higher interest expense due on borrowings. A hypothetical 100 bps increase in the interest rate on our $50,800,000 of outstanding unsecured Term Loan borrowings at March 30, 2025 would lead to an increase of approximately $508,000 in cash interest costs over the next twelve months. We currently do not anticipate entering into interest rate swaps or other financial instruments to hedge our borrowings.

Commodity Costs

We are exposed to market price fluctuations in commodities, most notably beef and beef trimmings. Inflationary pressures on commodity prices have directly impacted our consolidated results of operations during fiscal 2025, most notably within our Restaurant Operations and Branded Product Program segments. We expect this trend to continue into fiscal 2026. Our average cost of hot dogs during fiscal 2025 was approximately 7% higher than during fiscal 2024.

We are unable to predict the future cost of our hot dogs and expect to experience price volatility for our beef products during fiscal 2026. Factors that affect beef prices are outside of our control and include foreign and domestic supply and demand, inflation, weather and seasonality. To the extent that beef prices increase as compared to earlier periods, it could impact our results of operations. In the past, we have entered into purchase commitments for a portion of our hot dogs to reduce the impact of increasing market prices. We may attempt to enter into purchase arrangements for hot dogs and other products in the future. Additionally, we expect to continue experiencing volatility in oil and gas prices on our distribution costs for our food products and utility costs in the Company-owned restaurants and volatile insurance costs resulting from rising rates.

We have not attempted to hedge against fluctuations in the prices of the commodities we purchase using future, forward, option or other instruments. As a result, we expect that the majority of our future commodity purchases will be subject to market changes in the prices of such commodities. We have attempted to enter sales agreements with our Branded Product Program customers that are correlated to our cost of beef, thus reducing our market volatility, or have passed through permanent increases in our commodity prices to our Branded Product Program customers that are not on formula pricing, thereby reducing the impact of long-term increases on our financial results.

A short-term increase or decrease of 10% in the cost of our food and paper products for the year ended March 30, 2025 would have increased or decreased our cost of sales by approximately $8,338,000.

Foreign Currencies

Foreign franchisees generally conduct business with us and make payments in United States dollars, reducing the risks inherent with changes in the values of foreign currencies. As a result, we have not purchased future contracts, options or other instruments to hedge against changes in values of foreign currencies and we do not believe fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies would have a material impact on our financial results.

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

The consolidated financial statements are submitted as a separate section of this report beginning on Page F-1.

Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A.Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and Exchange Act Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of March 30, 2025. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting, as defined by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and Exchange Act Rule 15d-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

Management has assessed the effectiveness of our system of internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025. In making this assessment, management used the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued in 2013 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our assessment and the criteria set forth by COSO in 2013, management believes that Nathan’s maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025, has been audited by CBIZ CPAs P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm which has also audited our consolidated financial statements, as stated in its attestation report which is included herein.

Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Item 9B.Other Information.

As disclosed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company’s Board of Directors has declared a $0.50 per share dividend payable on July 1, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on June 23, 2025.

During the quarter ended March 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as such terms are defined under Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Nathan’s Famous, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013. In our opinion, the Companymaintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025, based on criteria established in COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheet as of March 30, 2025 and the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”) for the fifty-two week period ended March 30, 2025 of the Company, and our report dated June 10, 2025expressed an unqualifiedopinion on those financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ CBIZ CPAs P.C.

CBIZ CPAs P.C.

New York New York

June 10, 2025

PART III

Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information required in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference from the discussions under the captions Proposal 1 – Election of Directors, Corporate Governance Management and Security Ownership in our proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a Financial Officer Code of Ethics applicable to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and all other members of the Company’s Finance Department. This Code of Ethics is posted on the Company’s website within a broader Code of Business Conduct and Ethics at www.nathansfamous.com in the Investor Relations section. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 10 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or a waiver from, the provision of our Code of Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions and that relates to any element of such provision of our Code of Ethics by posting such information on our website within four business days of the date of such amendment or waiver. In the case of a waiver, the nature of the waiver, the name of the person to whom the waiver was granted and the date of the waiver will also be disclosed.

Item 11.Executive Compensation.

The information required in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference from the discussion under the caption Executive Compensation, including the Summary Compensation and other tables, Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation, Risk Consideration in our Compensation Programs and 2025 Director Compensation in our proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than

120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.

The information required in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference from the discussion under the caption Equity Plan Information and Security Ownership in our proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.

Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference from the discussion under the caption Corporate Governance – Director Independence and Corporate Governance – Certain Relationships and Related Persons transactions in our proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.

Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Audit Fees

We were billed by CBIZ CPAs P.C. and Marcum LLP the aggregate amount of approximately $327,000 and $70,000for fiscal 2025for fees for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as well as the review of our financial statements included in our Form 10-Q. We were billed by Marcum LLP the aggregate amount of approximately $381,000 for fiscal 2024 for fees for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as well as the review of our financial statements included in our Form 10-Q.

Audit-Related Fees

CBIZ CPAs P.C. or Marcum LLP did not render any audit-related services for fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively and, accordingly, did not bill for any such services.

Tax Fees

CBIZ CPAs P.C. or Marcum LLP did not render any tax compliance, tax advice or tax planning services for fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively and, accordingly, did not bill for any such services.

All Other Fees

CBIZ CPAs P.C. or Marcum LLP did not render any other services for fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively and, accordingly, did not bill for any such services.

Pre-Approval Policies

Our Audit Committee has not adopted any pre-approval policies. Instead, the Audit Committee will specifically pre-approve the provision by CBIZ CPAs P.C. of all audit and non-audit services.

Our Audit Committee approved all of the audit services provided by CBIZ CPAs P.C. and Marcum LLP during fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively.

PART IV

Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) (1) Consolidated Financial Statements

(2) Financial Statement Schedule

None.

(3) Exhibits

Certain of the following exhibits were previously filed as exhibits to other reports or registration statements filed by the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 or under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are therefrom incorporated by reference.

Exhibit No. Exhibit

21 (1) List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

23.1 (1) Consent of CBIZ CPAs P.C. dated June 10, 2025.

23.2 (1) Consent of Marcum LLP dated June 10, 2025.

101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

(1) Filed herewith.

**Filed with confidential portions omitted pursuant to request for confidential treatment. The omitted portions have been separately filed with the SEC.

*** Indicates a management plan or arrangement.

Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 10th day of June, 2025.

Nathan’s Famous, Inc.

/s/ ERIC GATOFF

Eric Gatoff

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on the 10th day of June, 2025.

/s/ ERIC GATOFF

Eric Gatoff

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ HOWARD LORBER

Howard Lorber

Executive Chairman

/s/ ROBERT STEINBERG

Robert Steinberg

Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/ WAYNE NORBITZ

Wayne Norbitz, Director

/s/ ROBERT J. EIDE

Robert J. Eide, Director

/s/ BARRY LEISTNER

Barry Leistner, Director

/s/ BRIAN GENSON

Brian Genson, Director

/s/ ATTILIO F. PETROCELLI

Attilio F. Petrocelli, Director

/s/ CHARLES RAICH

Charles Raich, Director

/s/ ANDREW LEVINE

Andrew Levine, Director

/s/ JOANNE PODELL

Joanne Podell, Director

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Consolidated Balance Sheets F-4

Consolidated Statements of Earnings F-5

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit F-6 – F-7

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows F-8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-9

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Nathan’s Famous, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 30, 2025, the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the fifty-two week period ended March 30, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 30, 2025, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the fifty-two week period ended March 30, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 30, 2025, based oncriteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013 and our report dated June 10, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.

/s/ CBIZ CPAs P.C.

CBIZ CPAs P.C.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018 (such date takes into account the acquisition of the attest business of Marcum LLP by CBIZ CPAs P.C. effective November 1, 2024.)

New York, NY

June 10, 2025

F-2

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Nathan’s Famous, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2024, the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the fifty-three week period ended March 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the fifty-three week period ended March 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor from 2018 through 2025.

New York, NY

June 12, 2024

F-3

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Accounts and other receivables, net (Note D) 14,064 14,731

Prepaid expenses and other current assets (Note E) 2,048 2,176

Operating lease right-of-use assets (Note K) 4,987 6,203

Deferred income taxes (Note H) 510 275

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Current portion of long-term debt (Note J) $ 2,400 $ -

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note G) 5,969 7,615

Current portion of operating lease liabilities (Note K) 1,923 1,887

Deferred franchise fees 309 327

Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities (Note K) 3,528 4,937

Deferred franchise fees 697 899

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note M)

STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit) 6,563 (9,291 )

Stockholders’ equity before treasury stock 70,149 53,739

Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit $ 53,476 $ 48,858

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Fifty-Two Fifty-Three

weeks ended weeks ended

REVENUES

COSTS AND EXPENSES

Restaurant operating expenses 4,379 4,177

Depreciation and amortization 957 1,135

Loss on debt extinguishment (NOTE J) (389 ) (169 )

Interest and dividend income 672 383

Other income, net 87 86

Income before provision for income taxes 32,761 27,451

PER SHARE INFORMATION

Weighted average shares used in computing net income per share:

Net income per share:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Fifty-two weeks ended March 30, 2025 and the Fifty-three weeks ended March 31, 2024

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Additional Total

Common Common Paid-in Accumulated Treasury Stock, at Cost Stockholders’

Shares Stock Capital Deficit Shares Amount Deficit

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 - - (187 ) - - (187 )

Dividends on common stock ($2.00 per share) - - - (8,161 ) - - (8,161 )

Share-based compensation - - 733 - - - 733

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Fifty-two weeks ended March 30, 2025 and the Fifty-three weeks ended March 31, 2024

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Retained

Additional Earnings Total

Common Common Paid-in (Accumulated Treasury Stock, at Cost Stockholders’

Shares Stock Capital Deficit) Shares Amount Deficit

Dividends on common stock ($2.00 per share) - - - (8,172 ) - - (8,172 )

Share-based compensation - - 993 - - - 993

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-7

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

Fifty-Two Fifty-Three

weeks ended weeks ended

Cash flows from operating activities:

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities

Loss on debt extinguishment 389 169

Depreciation and amortization 957 1,135

Amortization of debt issuance costs 153 345

Share-based compensation expense 993 733

Provision for expected credit losses 275 157

Deferred income taxes (235 ) 165

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts and other receivables, net 392 (74 )

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 128 (281 )

Operating lease assets and liabilities (157 ) (146 )

Deferred franchise fees (220 ) (382 )

Net cash provided by operating activities 25,240 20,002

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of property and equipment, net (225 ) (313 )

Net cash used in investing activities (225 ) (313 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from Credit Facility 60,000 -

Repayment of Senior Secured Notes (60,000 ) (20,000 )

Repayment of Credit Facility (9,200 ) -

Debt issuance costs (431 ) -

Dividends paid to stockholders (8,172 ) (8,161 )

Net cash used in financing activities (18,240 ) (28,523 )

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 6,775 (8,834 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 21,027 29,861

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 27,802 $ 21,027

Cash paid during the year for:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-8

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE A - DESCRIPTION AND ORGANIZATION OF BUSINESS

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively the “Company” or “Nathan’s”) has historically operated or franchised a chain of retail fast food restaurants featuring the “Nathan’s World Famous Beef Hot Dog”, crinkle-cut French-fried potatoes and a variety of other menu offerings. Nathan’s has also established a Branded Product Program, which enables foodservice retailers to sell select Nathan’s proprietary products outside of the realm of a traditional franchise relationship. Nathan’s also licenses the manufacture and sale of “Nathan’s Famous” packaged hot dogs, crinkle-cut French fries and a number of other products to a variety of third parties for sale to supermarkets, club stores and grocery stores. The Company is also the owner of the Arthur Treacher’s Fish & Chips brand. Arthur Treacher’s main product is its "Original Fish & Chips" product consisting of fish fillets coated with a special batter prepared under a proprietary formula, deep-fried golden brown, and served with English-style chips and corn meal "hush puppies." The Company considers itself to be a brand marketer of its products to the foodservice and retail industries, pursuant to its various business structures. Nathan’s has also pursued co-branding and co-hosting initiatives.

At March 30, 2025, the Company’s restaurant system included four Company-owned restaurants (including one seasonal unit) in the New York City metropolitan area and 230 franchised units, located in 17states and 12foreign countries.

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following significant accounting policies have been applied in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:

1. Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

2. Fiscal Year

The Company’s fiscal year ends on the last Sunday in March, which results in a 52 or 53 week reporting period. The fiscal year ended March 30, 2025 was on the basis of a 52 week reporting period and the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 was on the basis of a 53 week reporting period. All references to years and quarters relate to fiscal periods rather than calendar periods.

F-9

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

3. Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified in operating activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to conform with the current year presentation. This reclassification does not affect previously reported cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

4. Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates made by management in preparing the consolidated financial statements include the valuation of long lived assets, the valuation of an intangible asset, the allowance for credit losses, customer rebates and the accounting for income taxes. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates based on historical experience, current conditions and other assumptions under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

5. Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents principally consist of cash in bank accounts, money market accounts and money market funds. The Company considers money market accounts and money market funds to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents were $19,400 and $11,330 at March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

At March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, substantially all of the Company’s cash balances are in excess of insurance limits of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

6. Inventories

Inventories, which are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, consist primarily of food, beverages, and paper supplies. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method.

F-10

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

7. Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Major improvements are capitalized, and minor replacements, maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the remaining lease term of the related asset. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Building and improvements (years) 5 – 25

Machinery, equipment, furniture and fixtures (years) 3 – 15

Leasehold improvements (years) 5 – 20

8. Goodwill and Intangible Asset

Goodwill and intangible assets consist of (i) goodwill of $95 resulting from the acquisition of Nathan’s in 1987; and (ii) trademarks, and the trade name and other intellectual property of $522 in connection with the Arthur Treacher’s brand.

Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. As of March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024 the Company performed its annual quantitative impairment test of goodwill and has determined no impairment is deemed to exist.

Based upon the review of the current Arthur Treacher’s co-branding agreements, the Company determined that the remaining useful lives of these agreements is three years concluding in fiscal year 2028, and the intangible asset is subject to annual amortization. The Company has recorded amortization expense of $173 for the fiscal year ending March 30, 2025 and estimates that our annual amortization expense will approximate $173 for each of the next three fiscal years.

The Company’s definite-lived intangible asset is tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company tested for recoverability of its definite-lived intangible asset based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such co-branding agreements. Based on the quantitative test performed, the Company determined that the definite-lived intangible asset was recoverable and no impairment charge was recorded for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024. Cash flow projections require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record an impairment charge in future periods and such impairment could be material.

F-11

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

9. Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets on Company-owned restaurants are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Long-lived assets include property, equipment and right-of-use assets for operating leases with finite useful lives. Assets are grouped at the individual restaurant level, which represents the lowest level for which cash flows can be identified largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The Company generally considers a history of restaurant operating losses to be its primary indicator of potential impairment for individual restaurant locations.

The Company tests for recoverability based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such assets. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company will record on a restaurant-by-restaurant basis, an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the assets. The Company generally measures fair value by considering discounted estimated future cash flows from such assets. Cash flow projections and fair value estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, the Company may be required to record impairment charges in future periods and such impairments could be material. No long-lived assets were deemed impaired during the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

Determination of Whether a Contract Contains a Lease

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception or modification of a contract and classify each lease as either an operating or finance lease at commencement. The Company only reassesses lease classifications subsequent to commencement upon a change to the expected lease term or the contract being modified. Operating leases represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset as lessee for the lease term, and lease obligations represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease.

F-12

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

ROU Model and Determination of Lease Term

The Company uses the right-of-use (“ROU”) model to account for leases where the Company is the lessee, which requires an entity to recognize a lease liability and ROU asset on the lease commencement date. A lease liability is measured equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term and is discounted using the incremental borrowing rate, as the rate implicit in the Company’s leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Lease payments include payments made before the commencement date and any residual value guarantees, if applicable. The initial ROU asset consists of the initial measurement of the lease liability, adjusted for any payments made before the commencement date, initial direct costs and lease incentives earned. When determining the lease term, as both lessee and lessor, the Company includes option periods when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised.

Significant Assumptions and Judgement

Management makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding each new lease and sublease agreement, renewal and amendment, including, but not limited to, property values, market rents, property lives, discount rates and probable term, all of which can impact (1) the classification and accounting for a lease or sublease as operating or finance, (2) the Rent Holiday and escalations in payment that are taken into consideration when calculating Straight-Line Rent, (3) the term over which leasehold improvements for each restaurant are amortized and (4) the values and lives of adjustments to the initial ROU asset where the Company is the lessee, or favorable and unfavorable leases where the Company is the lessor. The amount of depreciation and amortization, interest and rent expense and income would vary if different estimates and assumptions were used.

F-13

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Operating Leases

For operating leases, minimum lease payments or receipts, including minimum scheduled rent increases, are recognized as rent expense where the Company is a lessee, or income where the Company is a lessor, as applicable, on a straight-line basis (“Straight-Line Rent”) over the applicable lease terms. There is a period under certain lease agreements referred to as a rent holiday (“Rent Holiday”) that generally begins on the possession date and ends on the rent commencement date. During a Rent Holiday, no cash rent payments are typically due under the terms of the lease; however, rent expense is recorded for that period on a straight-line basis. The excess of the Straight-Line Rent over the minimum rents paid is included in the ROU asset where the Company is a lessee. The excess of the Straight-Line Rent over the minimum rents received is recorded as a deferred lease asset and is included in “Other Assets” where the Company is a lessor. The Company recorded $15 and $22 in Other Assets at March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Certain leases contain provisions, referred to as contingent rent (“Contingent Rent”), that require additional rental payments based upon restaurant sales volume. Certain leases may include rent escalations based on inflation indexes. Subsequent escalations subject to such an index and contingent rental payments are recognized as variable lease expense in the period incurred.

Lease cost for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis and includes the amortization of the ROU asset and interest expense relating to the operating lease liability. Variable lease cost for operating leases include Contingent Rent and payments for executory costs such as real estate taxes, insurance and common area maintenance, which are excluded from the measurement of the lease liability. Short-term lease cost for operating leases includes rental expense for leases with a term of less than 12 months. Leases with an initial expected term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease costs are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings based on the nature of the underlying leases as follows: (1) rental expense related to leases for Company-owned restaurants is recorded to “Restaurant operating expenses,” (2) rental expense for leased properties that are subsequently subleased to franchisees is recorded to “Other income, net” and (3) rental expense related to leases for corporate offices and equipment is recorded to “General and administrative expenses.”

Rental income for operating leases on properties subleased to franchisees is recorded net of associated lease costs to “Other income, net.” At March 30, 2025, the Company leases one site which it in turn subleases to a franchisee, which expires in April 2027 exclusive of renewal options. The Company remains liable for all lease costs when property is subleased to a franchisee.

F-14

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price).

The fair value hierarchy, as outlined in the applicable accounting guidance, is based on inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value that are either observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity’s pricing based upon their own market assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

The use of observable market inputs (quoted market prices) when measuring fair value and, specifically, the use of Level 1 quoted prices to measure fair value are required whenever possible. The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures quarterly and based on various factors, it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from year to year.

At March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, we did not have any assets or liabilities that were recorded at fair value.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of those items.

The carrying amount of our long-term debt (see NOTE J – LONG TERM DEBT) also approximates fair value since such borrowings bear interest at variable market rates and is categorized as Level 2. The face and fair value of the 6.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 (“2025 Notes”) as of March 31, 2024 was $60,000 and $59,903, respectively, and was based upon review of observable pricing in secondary markets as of March 31, 2024. Accordingly, the Company classified it as Level 2.

F-15

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

The majority of the Company’s non-financial assets and liabilities are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis. However, the Company is required on a non-recurring basis to use fair value measurements when analyzing asset impairment as it relates to goodwill and its other definite-lived asset and long-lived assets. The Company utilized the income approach (Level 3 inputs) which utilized projected undiscounted cash flows in performing its annual impairment testing of the Company’s intangible asset and long-lived assets.

12. Start-up Costs

Pre-opening and similar restaurant costs are expensed as incurred and are included in “Restaurant operating expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Earnings.

13. Revenue Recognition - Branded Product Program

The Company recognizes sales from the Branded Product Program and certain products sold from the Branded Menu Program upon delivery to Nathan’s customers via third party common carrier. Rebates provided to customers are classified as a reduction to sales.

14. Revenue Recognition - Company-owned Restaurants

Sales by Company-owned restaurants, which are typically paid in cash or with credit card by the customer, are recognized at the point of sale when food and beverage items are sold. Sales are presented net of sales tax collected from customers and remitted to governmental taxing authorities.

15. Revenue Recognition - License Royalties

The Company earns revenue from royalties on the licensing of the use of its intellectual property in connection with certain products produced and sold by outside vendors. The use of the Company’s intellectual property must be approved by the Company prior to each specific application to ensure proper quality and a consistent image. Revenue from license royalties is generally based on a percentage of sales, subject to certain annual minimum royalties, and is recognized on a monthly basis when it is earned and deemed collectible.

16. Revenue Recognition - Franchising Operations

In connection with its franchising operations, the Company receives initial franchise fees, international development fees, royalties, and in certain cases, revenue from sub-leasing restaurant properties to franchisees.

F-16

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

The following services are typically provided by the Company prior to the opening of a franchised restaurant:

● Approval of all site selections to be developed.

● Provision of architectural plans suitable for restaurants to be developed.

● Provision of management training for the new franchisee and selected staff.

● Assistance with the initial operations of restaurants being developed.

The services provided in exchange for these upfront restaurant franchise fees do not contain separate and distinct performance obligations from the franchising right and these initial franchise fees, renewal fees and transfer fees are deferred and recognized over the term of each respective agreement, or upon termination of the franchise agreement.

The services provided in exchange for these international development fees do not contain separate and distinct performance obligations from the franchising right and these international development fees are deferred and recognized over the term of each respective agreement, or upon termination of the franchise agreement. Certain other costs, such as legal expenses, are expensed as incurred.

The Company recognizes franchise royalties on a monthly basis, which are generally based upon a percentage of sales made by the Company’s franchisees, including virtual kitchens, when they are earned and deemed collectible.

The Company recognizes royalty revenue from its Branded Menu Program directly from the sale of Nathan’s products by its distributors or directly from the manufacturers.

Franchise fees and royalties that are subsequently deemed to be not collectible are recorded as bad debts until paid by the franchisee or until collectability is deemed to be reasonably assured.

F-17

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

The following is a summary of franchise openings and closings (excluding virtual kitchens) for the Nathan’s franchise restaurant system for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024:

Franchised restaurants operating at the beginning of the period 230 232

Franchised restaurants opened during the period 25 17

Franchised restaurants closed during the period (25 ) (19 )

Franchised restaurants operating at the end of the period 230 230

Contract balances

The following table provides information about contract liabilities from contracts with customers:

Deferred franchise fees (a) $ 1,006 $ 1,226

Deferred revenues, which are included in

“Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” (b) $ 1,392 $ 1,375

Significant changes in deferred franchise fees for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024 are as follows:

Deferred franchise fees at beginning of period $ 1,226 $ 1,608

New deferrals due to cash received and other 161 88

Revenue recognized during the period (381 ) (470 )

Deferred franchise fees at end of period $ 1,006 $ 1,226

F-18

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Significant changes in deferred revenues for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024 are as follows:

Deferred revenues at beginning of period $ 1,375 $ 1,406

New deferrals due to cash received and other 2,577 2,340

Revenue recognized during the period (2,560 ) (2,371 )

Deferred revenues at end of period $ 1,392 $ 1,375

Anticipated future recognition of deferred franchise fees

The following table reflects the estimated franchise fees to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied at the end of the period:

Estimate for fiscal year

We have applied the optional exemption, as provided for under ASC Topic 606, “Revenues from Contracts with Customers,”which allows us not to disclose the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations when the transaction price is a sales-based royalty.

17. Revenue Recognition – National Advertising Fund

The Company maintains a national advertising fund (the “Advertising Fund”) established to collect and administer funds contributed for use in advertising and promotional programs for Company-owned and franchised restaurants.

The revenue, expenses and cash flows of the Advertising Fund are fully consolidated into the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Statements of Cash Flows.

While this treatment impacts the gross amount of reported advertising fund revenue and related expenses, the impact is expected to approximately offset the increase to both revenue and expense, with minimal impact to income from operations or net income because the Company attempts to manage the Advertising Fund to breakeven over the course of the fiscal year. However, any surplus or deficit in the Advertising Fund will impact income from operations and net income.

F-19

Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

18. Business Concentrations and Geographical Information

The Company’s accounts receivable consists principally of receivables from franchisees, including virtual kitchens, for royalties and advertising contributions, from sales under the Branded Product Program, and from royalties from retail licensees. At March 30, 2025, three Branded Product customers represented 18%, 14% and 12%, of accounts receivable. At March 31, 2024, threeBranded Product customers represented 21%, 15% and 13%, of accounts receivable. One Branded Product customer accounted for 20% and 18% of total revenue for each of the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. One retail licensee accounted for 24% and 23% of the total revenue for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

The Company’s primary supplier of hot dogs represented 96% and 95% of product purchases for each of the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The Company’s primary distributor of products to its Company-owned restaurants represented 3% of product purchases for each of the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024. If a disruption of service from a primary supplier or distributor was to occur, we could experience short-term increases in our costs while supply or distribution channels were adjusted.

The Company’s revenues for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024 were derived from the following geographic areas:

The Company’s revenues for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024 were derived from the following:

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Nathan’s Famous, Inc. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

19. Advertising

The Company administers an Advertising Fund on behalf of its restaurant system to coordinate the marketing efforts of the Company. Under this arrangement, the Company collects and disburses fees paid by manufacturers, franchisees and Company-owned restaurants for national and regional advertising, promotional and public relations programs. Contributions to the Advertising Fund are based on specified percentages of net sales, generally ranging up to 2.5%. Company-owned restaurant advertising expense, which is expensed as incurred, was $94and $117, for the fiscal years ended March 30, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively, and has been included in “Restaurant operating expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

20. Share-Based Compensation

At March 30, 2025, the Company had one share-based compensation plan in effect which is more fully described in Note L.2.

The cost of all share-based payments, including grants of restricted stock units and stock options, is recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on their fair values measured at the grant date, or the date of any later modification, over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes compensation cost for unvested stock awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite vesting period.

21. Classification of Operating Expenses

Cost of sales consists of the following:

● Branded Product Program and through other distribution channels.

● The cost of labor and associated costs of Company-owned restaurants.

● The cost of paper products used in Company-owned restaurants.

NATH US Equity

NATH · 10-K · period ended 2025-03-30

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

Item 9A.Controls and Procedures.

Item 9B.Other Information.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Item 11.Executive Compensation.

Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.

NATH US Equity☆

NATH · 10-K · period ended 2025-03-30

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

Item 9A.Controls and Procedures.

Item 9B.Other Information.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Item 11.Executive Compensation.

Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.

NATH US Equity