LEXX US Equity☆

lxrp_10k.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from [____] to [____]

Commission file number 000-52138

LEXARIA BIOSCIENCE CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

#100 – 740 McCurdy Road, Kelowna BC Canada V1X 2P7

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone number, including area code: 250-765-6424

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered

N/A N/A

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Title of Class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 LEXX Nasdaq

Warrants LEXXW Nasdaq

Indicate by check mark if the registered is a well-known seasonal issuer, as defined in Rule 405 the Securities Act Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the last 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of February 28, 2021, the last day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $27.0 million, based on the average of the closing price of the registrant’s shares of common stock on February 26, 2021.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.

5,726,699 common shares as of November 26, 2021.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item 1. Business 4

Item 1A. Risk Factors 25

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 39

Item 2. Properties 39

Item 3. Legal Proceedings 39

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 39

Item 6. Selected Financial Data 42

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 49

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 50

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 75

Item 9B. Other Information 76

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 76

Item 11. Executive Compensation 82

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 87

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 88

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This annual report contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements relating to future events or our future financial performance and are based on our present beliefs and assumptions as well as the information currently available to us. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may", “will”, "should", “could”, “targets”, “goal”, "expects", "plans", "anticipates", "believes", "estimates", "predicts", "potential" or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.

These statements contain predictions and involve known and unknown risks, including the risks in the section entitled "Risk Factors" set forth in Item 1(A) in this report on Form 10-K, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's levels of activity, performance, achievements, or actual results to be materially different from any future levels of activity, performance, achievements, or results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Although we contend that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee levels of activity, performance, achievements, or future result.

Forward-looking statements in this report include statements about, among other things: the status, progress and results of our research programs; our ability to obtain regulatory approvals for, and the level of market opportunity for, our product candidates; our business plans, strategies and objectives, including plans to pursue collaboration, licensing or other similar arrangements or transactions; our expectations regarding our liquidity and performance, including our expense levels, sources of capital and ability to maintain our operations as a going concern; the competitive landscape of our industry; and general market, economic and political conditions

We caution you not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements as they speak only as of the date on which such statements were made, and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to reflect the occurrence of an unanticipated event. New factors may emerge and it is not possible to predict all factors that may affect our business and prospects. Further, management cannot assess the impact of each factor on the business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Solely for convenience, tradenames and trademarks referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K appear without the ® or TM symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these tradenames or trademarks, as applicable. All tradenames, trademarks, and service marks included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the property of Lexaria Bioscience Corp.

As used in this report, the terms "Lexaria" "we", "us", "our" and "Company" mean Lexaria Bioscience Corp. and/or our subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated.

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PART 1

Item 1. Business

General and Historical Overview of Our Business

Lexaria is a biotechnology company seeking to enhance the bioavailability of a broad variety of active pharmaceutical ingredients (“APIs”) with its DehydraTECHTM drug delivery technology. DehydraTECH combines lipophilic APIs with specific fatty acid and carrier compounds thereby improving the way APIs enter the bloodstream while increasing the effectiveness of fat-soluble active molecules allowing lowering overall dosing and promoting healthier oral ingestion methods. DehydraTECH can be used with a wide variety of APIs encompassing fat-soluble vitamins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (“NSAIDs”) pain medications, hormones, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, antivirals, nicotine and its analogs, and all cannabinoids including tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) for a variety of therapeutic indications, including hypertension, SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS. The Company’s technology applies to a host of different ingestible or topically administered product formats including foods, beverages, oral suspensions, tablets, capsules, creams, lotions, and skin patches.

Lexaria began filing patents for DehydraTECH in 2014 with two initial US provisional patent application filings by the original inventors Poppy’s Teas LLC, which Lexaria acquired by way of exclusive, worldwide license rights and controlling interest in the founding company. We have since increased the number of patent applications to approximately 60 with 23 patents granted worldwide to date. In addition to the US patent filings, the Company has also pursued international patent protection through filings under the Patent Cooperation Treaty, followed by national filings in over 40 jurisdictions of highest commercial potential thereunder. Our patent family includes intellectual property addressing the manufacturing and processing methods used to combine the long chain fatty acids with active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Lexaria’s patent applications developed from its Research and Development programs (“R&D”) currently include fat-soluble versions of vitamins, NSAIDs, nicotine, cannabinoids, hormones, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and antivirals. 2018 animal studies demonstrated a propensity for DehydraTECH technology to elevate the quantity of drug delivered across the blood-brain-barrier. This expanded our patent applications and opened possibilities for improved delivery of certain central nervous system-targeted drugs that require additional R&D.

In a human clinical study performed in 2018 and published in 2019 in a peer reviewed medical journal, Advances in Therapy titled “Examination of a New Delivery Approach for Oral Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetics Study” available on the PubMed.gov website with the identification of PMID: 31512143, Lexaria demonstrated that its technology delivered higher volumes of cannabidiol into the human circulatory system and did so more quickly than a concentration-matched positive control. This same study also demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in human blood pressure from the DehydraTECH processed cannabidiol, versus no statistical reduction in human blood pressure from the positive control.

We operate a Health Canada-licensed laboratory in Canada to conduct basic research and formulation operations, and typically outsource virtually all analytical work to independent third-party laboratories located in Canada, the USA, and Europe. Such third-party evaluation provides independent confirmation of the effects of our technology and processes.

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Lexaria’s formulation and process-oriented operations are primarily conducted in its own laboratory and validated through third-party testing, in preparation for partnering with industry leaders for adoption into their consumer products and/or drugs. Other than for R&D purposes, Lexaria does not produce, manufacture, market or distribute drugs.

Although we have experimented with consumer product development in the past, those activities occupy a declining amount of our corporate time. We first began selling trial amounts of ViPova branded black tea fortified with hemp oil and utilizing our technology, in January 2015 and added additional flavours over time.

We also began offering our first coffee and hot chocolate also fortified with full spectrum hemp oil, and also under the ViPova brand. Beginning in January 2021 we discontinued sales of consumer products, but offering a variety of self-made beverages to consumers helped us to establish the ViPova brand and helped us to develop final consumer product formulations and understand consumer needs

Generating meaningful revenue from consumer product sales was challenging and we were unable to achieve widespread retail distribution. We continue to be open to the possibility of generating sales from international markets, in those locations where hemp oil fortified foods are permissible by law.

ViPova branded products are owned by our wholly owned PoViva Corp. subsidiary. Lexaria Energy, TurboCBD and ChrgD+ branded products are owned 100% by Lexaria Bioscience Corp.

Through our product development we have communicated to the industry the versatility of our technology in specific CPG formats and we believe this strategy has been successful in assisting us in technology licensing discussions with potential new clients. We believe the range of products available and under development are sufficient to prepare for revenue growth and potentially profitable long-term operations if we are able to generate sufficient business clientele demand.

Our business strategy contains an element that we believe will be more impactful to future corporate growth that involves the further development and out-licensing of our intellectual property of molecule delivery that enhances bioactivity or absorption. We have no plans to offer for sale any products containing THC in quantities higher than 0.3%. We have discontinued all direct business activities related to non-FDA-approved uses of THC, including our former business practice of licensing our technology to businesses that were legally state-licensed to offer THC products. We also plan to license our technology to other companies for the delivery of molecules other than THC or cannabinoids, such as nicotine which we have licensed to Altria Ventures Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Altria Group, Inc. Our October 31, 2017, announcement of the USPTO Notice of Allowance for our first patent granted and the subsequent granted patents of our technology in the US and in many other countries around the world related to new molecule groups, along with our ongoing patent filing and grants, may enhance our ability to successfully pursue our licensing initiatives during fiscal 2022.

We continue to communicate the benefits of our technology to potential licensing partners; i.e. with higher absorption levels a manufacturer could perhaps infuse smaller amounts of active molecules into a product, potentially reducing their manufacturing input costs; to provide higher bioavailability with the dosing limits being imposed or contemplated in many jurisdictions; to infuse beverages while masking the flavor and smell of the active molecules; and to reduce delivery times to the bloodstream. We believe these to be meaningful competitive advantages that may lead to the potential to generate licensing revenue, and will pursue these opportunities within the cannabinoids, nicotine, and other bioactive molecular markets both within the USA and also internationally, in those locations where they are legal and regulated by government.

Subject to budgetary availability, we also plan to conduct additional in vitro and in vivo studies testing the absorption of many API’s – CBD, NSAIDs, vitamins, PDE5 inhibitors, antiviral drugs, nicotine, and others– to substantiate the effectiveness of our technology. More than simply satisfying scientific curiosity, successful tests could lead to increased awareness and acceptance of our technology as a meaningful method by which to deliver some or all of the named molecules more effectively than their current delivery methods. Therefore, absorption tests could become an important element leading towards higher rates of acceptance of our technology licensing initiatives.

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We will pursue technology licensing opportunities as a method of generating highly profitable revenue streams over long periods of time. In addition, while nine of our US patents and eight of our Australian patents have been granted to date, we now have received granted patents in the European Union, Japan, India and Mexico, and have multiple other applications filed in the US and around the world. It is not possible to forecast with certainty when, or if, our remaining patents pending will become granted patents. But if our remaining patent applications do become granted patents, our ability to generate meaningful license revenue from our intellectual property may increase from multiple jurisdictions outside of the US.

We will continue to pursue our remaining patents pending as vigorously as we are able, since the successful granting of more of those applications could lead to material increases in shareholder value. We are pursuing patent protection in more than 40 countries around the world.

Available Information

The address of our principal executive office and research laboratory is #100–740 McCurdy Road, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1X 2P7.

Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq under the symbol “LEXX”. We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These filings are available to the public on the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

Our corporate website is located at www.lexariabioscience.com (this website address is not intended to function as a hyperlink and the information contained on our website is not intended to be a part of this Report). We make available free of charge on https://www.lexariabioscience.com/investors/regulatory-filings/ our annual, quarterly, and current reports, and amendments to those reports if any, as soon as reasonably practical after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We may from time to time provide important disclosures to investors by posting them in the Investor Relations section of our website.

We maintain our registered agent's office and our U.S. business office at Nevada Agency and Transfer Company, 50 West Liberty, Suite 880, Reno, Nevada 89501. Our telephone number is (755) 322-0626.

Lexaria Bioscience Corp. is a British Columbia based reporting issuer in Canada and as such, we are required to file certain information and documents at www.sedar.com.

Our Current Business

Our business plan is currently focused on the development of strategic partnerships with licensees for our patented DehydraTECH technology in exchange for up front and/or staged licensing fees and/or royalty payments over time.

We continue to investigate national and international opportunities to investigate expansions and additions to our intellectual property portfolio. Patents have been filed specifically for the use of DehydraTECH with cannabinoids for the treatment of heart disease.

We plan to perform additional human clinical investigations in late calendar 2021 and throughout 2022 related to enhanced DehydraTECH formulations of cannabidiol in pre- and mildly hypertensive middle-aged subjects to gather additional information on blood pressure reduction potential. Lexaria also plans to conduct during fiscal 2022, evaluations of DehydraTECH’s ability to improve the oral delivery characteristics and pharmacological performance of certain other APIs. We will continue to seek beneficial acquisitions of intellectual property if and when we believe it is advisable to do so.

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Our current patent portfolio includes patent family applications or grants pertaining to Lexaria’s method of improving bioavailability and taste, and the use of DehydraTECH as a delivery platform for a wide variety of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (“APIs”) encompassing all cannabinoids including tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”); fat soluble vitamins; NSAIDs pain medications; and nicotine and its analogs.

Lexaria hopes to reduce common but less healthy administration methods, such as smoking cigarettes as a delivery method for nicotine, by way of enabling development of safe and effective oral nicotine dosage forms through licensing arrangements with major tobacco companies, as it demonstrates the benefits of DehydraTECH for public health. The Company is aggressively pursuing patent protection in jurisdictions around the world. The Company currently has more than 50 patent applications pending worldwide, with 23 patents granted to date. Due to the complexity of pursuing patent protection, the quantity of patent applications will vary continuously as each application advances or stalls. Lexaria is also filing new patent applications for new discoveries that arise from the Company’s R&D programs and, due to the inherent unpredictability of scientific discovery, it is not possible to predict if or how often such new applications might be filed.

During the past fiscal year, the Company experienced the following significant corporate developments:

During the past fiscal year, the Company was granted an aggregate of four new patents in the following jurisdictions, Europe, India and Japan.

On December 9, 2020, CanPharm completed a disposition to Hill Street Beverage Company Inc. (“Hill Street”) of its use and licensing rights to use its DehydraTECH technology specifically in association with non-pharmaceutical products containing cannabis molecules that contain 0.3% or greater THC.

On January 11, 2021, Lexaria effected a reverse stock split that was conducted on a 1-for-30 basis on the Company’s issued share capital and on any outstanding warrants and options, whereby the exercise prices of such outstanding convertible securities were adjusted accordingly.

On January 12, 2021, Lexaria became a Nasdaq listed company and announced the pricing of a public offer of 1,828,571 units, with each unit comprising one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock at $5.25 per unit. The warrants issued pursuant to this public offering were listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol LEXXW and have an exercise price of $6.58 per share. They are immediately exercisable, and expire five years from issuance date. The underwriter was granted 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 274,285 shares of common stock and/or warrants to purchase up to the same amount of common stock, which option was exercised in full by H.C. Wainwright & Co. who acted as sole book-running manager for the offer. Gross proceeds of $11.04 million were ultimately received from the offering and Lexaria also issued five-year warrants to H.C. Wainwright & Co. entitling them to purchase up to 166,781 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $6.58 per share. Pursuant to certain tail rights held by Bradley Woods & Co. Lexaria paid Bradley Woods $316,999.62 and issued Bradley Woods five-year warrants to purchase 60,385 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.58 per share.

On January 14, 2021, Mr. Al Reese, Jr., was appointed to Lexaria’s board of directors. With the appointment of Mr. Reese Jr. Lexaria established a fully independent audit and finance committee and comply with the financial expert requirements of the Nasdaq.

On March 24, 2021, Lexaria announced results from a shelf-stability study. DehydraTECH CBD beverages demonstrated 93.4% of target CBD potency a year after production. The beverages also exhibited zero microbial growth over the period. Furthermore, the samples had intra-beverage variance less than 1% in CBD potency across various fractions (top, middle, and bottom) without mixing or agitation, indicating a very stable emulsion.

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On April 15, 2021, Lexaria announced the appointment of Gregory Downey as Chief Financial Officer, to replace outgoing Allan Spissinger whose contract ended on May 31, 2021.

During the spring of 2021, Lexaria commenced its human clinical study HYPER-H21-1 of DehydraTECH CBD, which is intended to validate DehydraTECH CBD’s effect on hypertension, and is a randomized, double-blind, controlled study expected to enroll 24 subjects with symptoms of either pre-hypertension or mild hypertension. A single 300 mg dose of DehydraTECH 2.0 CBD formulation will be compared against a non-DehydraTECH control of matched concentration. Time series blood pressure and heart rate analyses are primary objectives of the study. Secondary objectives include pharmacokinetic speed and rate of absorption of CBD and main metabolites as well as assessment of inflammatory markers of cardiovascular disease and nitric oxide biomarkers.

On July 5, 2021, the Company announced that it would, effective on market close July 7, 2021, voluntarily delist from the Canadian Securities Exchange (“CSE”) since an overwhelming majority of trading has moved to the Nasdaq resulting in saving management time, effort, and fees.

On June 7, 2021, Lexaria provided an update on HYPER-H21-1 progress, stating that 24 volunteers, ranging in age between 45 to 65, were dosed and the treatment was well tolerated with no serious adverse events or side effects observed or reported. The early results of this study were disclosed in July 2021 noting a difference between the DehydraTECH-CBD formulation and the control arm at the 20-minute mark was statistically significant at the 2.5% level.

Lexaria commenced a subsequent human trial study, designated as HYPER-H21-2, and completed its patient dosing in late July 2021. Initial results from the trial were disclosed subsequent to the year end. HYPER-H21-2 evaluated 16 volunteers who were pre or mildly hypertensive and received three separate doses of 150mg DehydraTECH 2.0 CBD versus placebo. HYPER-H21-2 concentrated on monitoring blood pressure reduction continuously over 24 hours and studying central arterial stiffness, physical activity and sleep quality.

The Company experienced the following significant corporate developments subsequent to August 31, 2021

Subsequent to the August 31, 2021 fiscal year, Lexaria was granted an additional two patents, one in Japan and our first in Mexico.

On September 7, 2021, Lexaria announced partial results from its human clinical study HYPER-H21-2 which evaluated DehydraTECH processed CBD in a 24-hour study of volunteers with mild to moderate hypertension. At selected times during the 24-hour study, volunteers with mild to moderate hypertension averaged as much as a 20 mmHg (i.e., 23%) decrease in blood pressure relative to placebo and over the 24-hour ambulatory monitoring period, volunteers averaged a significant reduction of 7.0% (p < 0.001) in systolic pressure with DehydraTECH-CBD relative to placebo.

On September 8, 2021, Lexaria announced that it had commenced the process for preparing an Investigational New Drug application for the purposes of filing same with the Food and Drug Administration with respect to registering its DehydraTECH-processed CBD as a pharmaceutical treatment for hypertension.

On October 5, 2021, Lexaria announced results from its oral nicotine absorption study NIC-A21-1 which revealed that DehydraTECH-nicotine delivered via the oral pouch product format required only 2 to 4 minutes to deliver nicotine levels in blood plasma comparable to levels achieved at 45 minutes with concentration-matched controls. DehydraTECH-nicotine also reached statistically significant peak blood plasma levels up to 10-fold higher overall than controls (p=0.004) while still clearing from blood virtually as quickly as the controls.

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On October 13, 2021, Lexaria announced the that its oral tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) absorption study THC-A21-1 revealed that DehydraTECH-THC delivered, via oral ingestion, required only 15 minutes to deliver THC levels in blood plasma comparable to levels achieved at 45 minutes with concentration-matched controls.

During the study DehydraTECH-THC delivered more THC into the bloodstream than the industry standard medium chain triglyceride (“MCT” or “coconut oil”) based control formulation from the 2-minute mark onwards, then dropped rapidly to the same level as the MCT control by the 6-hour mark.

On November 1, 2021, Lexaria commenced its first animal study EPIL-A21-1 to determine if DehydraTECH-CBD evidences superior treatment of seizure activity when compared to generic cannabidiol and Epidiolex and subsequently announced the following new research studies for the 2022 year:

Science and Technology

Lexaria is a drug delivery R&D company focused on developing and out licensing DehydraTECH for improved consumer experiences, rapidity, and delivery of bioactive compounds in oral and topical products. The Company is focusing its capital and management time on its pursuit of intellectual property, technology licensing opportunities, and an expanding portfolio of patent pending applications.

In 2014, the Company acquired the IP that formed our first patent application that was filed in the same year. From that first patent application, due to ongoing R&D investigation and work by Company management, we now have approximately 50 patent applications pending around the world, with 23 allowed/patents granted. All of our applications and allowed/granted patents relate to DehydraTECH and its enhancement of certain characteristics of oral ingredient and drug delivery. Additional early-stage investigation has been conducted of topically-administered products such as patches, creams and lotions.

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The Company developed a variety of demonstration products beginning in 2015 to demonstrate the potential uses for DehydraTECH to both consumers and potential licensees. These included teas, coffee, and protein energy bars – all utilizing DehydraTECH for the more palatable and efficient delivery of cannabinoids. The Company subsequently developed additional demonstration products including powder filled capsules and mix and serve powders for beverage incorporation also utilizing DehydraTECH for the more palatable and efficient delivery of bioactive molecules. The Company gained extensive experience and knowledge from the formulation and production of these demonstration products that facilitates assisting our licensees with the integration of DehydraTECH in their products.

In the production of our intermediate products for product manufacturers to use, each raw material, intermediate stage and completed product is assessed for compliance with all applicable regulations, and to ensure that the inputs and the finished products meet all applicable legal and quality standards including and as it relates to content; molds and mildews; heavy metals; and additional components.

The US Federal Government, through the US Department of Health and Human Services, owns US Patent #6630507, which among other things, claims that

“Cannabinoids have been found to have antioxidant properties, unrelated to NMDA receptor antagonism. This new found property makes cannabinoids useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of wide variety of oxidation associated diseases, such as ischemic, age-related, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The cannabinoids are found to have particular application as neuroprotectants, for example in limiting neurological damage following ischemic insults, such as stroke and trauma, or in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and HIV dementia.”

For reference, cannabinoids are compounds that affect cannabinoid receptors located on many human cells. CB1 receptors are widely found within the human brain; and CB2 receptors are found with the human immune system and have been linked to anti-inflammatory and other responses.

Over one hundred different cannabinoids have been isolated from the cannabis plant, most of which do not have psychoactive properties. One that does have psychoactive properties is THC. Endocannabinoids are produced naturally in the human body while phyto cannabinoids are produced in several plant species, most abundantly in the cannabis plant.

Cannabidiol (“CBD”) is one of the major phyto cannabinoid and is not psychoactive, often comprising more than 35% of the extracts from the cannabis plant resin. CBD occurs naturally in other plant species beyond cannabis. For example, the most widely acknowledged alternative source of phyto cannabinoid is in the better understood Echinacea species, in widespread use as a dietary supplement. Most phyto cannabinoids are virtually insoluble in water but are soluble in lipids and alcohol. The World Anti Doping Agency (“WADA”) has exempted CBD from its 2018 list of banned substances.

In the U.S., the 2018 Farm Bill permits hemp cultivation and allows the transport of hemp-derived products across state lines, within a tightly regulated framework. Primary among these, the plant must contain less than 0.3% THC, and state departments of agriculture must submit their plans to license and regulate hemp to the Secretary of the USDA, or otherwise comply with a federally run hemp program. Legislative reform regarding CBD from hemp is continually evolving.

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Status of Operations

Most of Lexaria’s revenues are generated from third party businesses either licensing the intellectual property associated with DehydraTECH for incorporation into their products or purchasing DehydraTECH infused intermediate product as a raw material for use within their own products.

Intellectual Property

Since our first patent filing in 2014 for DehydraTECH, we have increased the number of patent applications to approximately 50 and to date have been allowed/granted 23 patents worldwide as of the date of this filing.

The substance of the patents center on the use of DehydraTECH in a variety of products including those that are ingested or topically administered such as CBD, food, beverage, patches, creams, lotions et cetera. Patents have been filed (and granted in both Australia and the EU) specifically for the use of DehydraTECH with cannabinoids for the treatment of heart disease. The pending and granted patents also cover the manufacturing and processing methods used to combine fatty acids with active pharmaceutical ingredients. This includes heating and drying methods and use of excipients and substrates. Below we summarize Lexaria’s allowed/granted patents.

Issued/Allowed Patent # Patent Family

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On June 11, 2015, Lexaria initiated the simultaneous filing of a U.S. utility patent application and an international patent application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) procedure, both through the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). These applications follow the Company’s 2014 and 2015 family of provisional patent application filings in the U.S. and serve two additional broad purposes:

In December 2015, the Company filed two further provisional patent applications in the U.S. These new applications served to further broaden the variety and applicability of base compounds that can be used when formulating DehydraTECH. The first of these applications identify compounds like edible starches (e.g., tapioca starch) that are commonly used in oral and pharmaceutical products today and could, therefore, serve as a base for formulating and incorporating DehydraTECH into a wide variety of products. The second of these applications identify emulsifier compounds like gum arabic that are commonly used in beverage products today in order to facilitate similar flexibility for formulating DehydraTECH in shelf-stable beverages.

On October 26, 2016, the USPTO issued U.S Patent No. 9474725, Food and Beverage Compositions Infused with Lipophilic Active Agents and Methods of Use Thereof, pertaining to our method of improving bioavailability and taste of certain cannabinoid lipophilic active agents in food products. This was the Company’s first patent granted and has a publish date of October 27, 2016 (June 15, 2017, in Australia No. 2015274698) and protects DehydraTECH for twenty years. Additional patent grants include, but are not limited to the use of DehydraTECH as a delivery platform, “composition of matter” claims that protect the specific combination of substances which enable improved taste and bio absorption properties, that protect processes for making specific compositions of matter for enhanced cannabinoid delivery utilizing DehydraTECH. Of note, Lexaria has received issuance of patents in its second and third patent families representing the first time the Company has been granted claims for use of DehydraTECH in connection with the treatment of specific diseases and medical conditions affecting humans, which the Company believes will prove to be of significance to the pharmaceutical industry sector as it further develops and grows.

International Patent Protection

Lexaria first began work in the fields of enhanced delivery of active ingredients and drugs in 2014 focusing our efforts on R&D within the U.S. and Canadian marketplaces with our demonstration products to licence DehydraTECH to product manufacturers. Our pursuit and development of our technology has expanded our potential area of impact, both geographically and by sector. Because of the applicability of DehydraTECH to many market sectors across the globe, we have taken the necessary steps to protect that intellectual property internationally.

Additional Molecules

Lexaria does not intend to create or produce consumer products ourselves, rather, our business plan is to encourage existing participants within these sectors to license and utilize DehydraTECH to enable enhanced performance of their products across a wide range of lipophilic bioactive molecules of interest to us including and beyond CBD. Some of these additional lipophilic bioactive molecules of interest are summarized below, and additional molecules of interest are continually being evaluated.

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Antivirals.

Viruses and bacteria cause the most common infectious diseases in the world today. Vaccines can offer protection against contracting viral and bacterial infections, whereas antiviral drugs and antibiotics respectively are required as treatments to combat disease if vaccination or other protective measures are inadequate or are not available. Early research findings have shown that some known antiviral drugs like remdesivir, interferon beta-1b, lopinavir, ritonavir and ribavirin among others, evaluated alone and in combination treatment regimens, may have utility against COVID-19 caused by infection with the novel coronavirus. Most of the antiviral drugs currently available are used to treat infections caused by HIV, herpes viruses, hepatitis B and C viruses, and influenza A and B viruses, and are therefore being repurposed to evaluate prospective utility against COVID-19. While a host of antiviral drugs exist or are under development today as treatments for COVID-19 and other infectious disease conditions, many of them are hindered by poor water solubility which, in turn, results in their poor absorption and uptake by the body if taken orally, frequently limiting their overall therapeutic effectiveness. To attempt to overcome this, oral antiviral medications often have to be given at high doses which can result in a variety of unwanted side effects including diarrhea, headache, nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, drowsiness, dizziness, vision changes, difficulty breathing and other bodily dysfunctions. Alternatively, in some cases it is necessary to administer antiviral medications by way of needle injection for easier access to the bloodstream circumventing the gastrointestinal absorption limitations as is the case with, for instance, remdesivir, as mentioned above. However, injectable administration requires involvement of a medical practitioner which may not be easily accessible for the masses, usually increases cost of a medicine and often means that the product format isn’t as stable or requires special storage and handling considerations relative to oral medications.

Nicotine.

More than 99% of all nicotine consumed worldwide is delivered through smoking cigarettes. Approximately 6,000,000 deaths per year, worldwide, are attributed primarily to the delivery of nicotine through the act of smoking according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which also estimates that over $170 billion per year is spent just in the U.S. on direct medical care costs for adult smokers. 69% of U.S. adult smokers want to quit smoking and 43% of U.S. adult smokers have attempted to quit in any twelve-month period.

Worldwide, legal retail cigarette sales were worth US$814 billion in 2018 with illegal sales thought to represent another 11.2% of the global market (bat.com) with over 5.3 trillion cigarettes sold to more than 1 billion smokers.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories.

NSAIDs are the second-largest category of pain management treatment options in the world and are used both for pain management and for treatment of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory therapeutic market is expected to generate $106.1 billion in 2020, globally (alliedmarketresearch.com). Incurable inflammatory autoimmune diseases included arthritis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The U.S. makes up over one-half of the global market. The opioids market (such as morphine) forms the largest single pain management sector but are known to be associated with serious dependence and tolerance issues.

Some of the most commonly known NSAIDs are ASA (Aspirin), Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), and Acetaminophen (Tylenol - Acetaminophen is not accepted by all persons to be an NSAID). Although NSAIDs are generally a safe and effective treatment method for pain, they have been associated with a number of gastrointestinal problems including dyspepsia and gastric bleeding and certain adverse effects on human kidneys.

On August 11, 2015, Lexaria signed a license agreement with PoViva Tea LLC for $10,000, granting Lexaria a 35-year non-exclusive worldwide license to unencumbered use of PoViva Tea LLC’s IP Rights, including rights of resale. This license agreement ensures Lexaria has full access to the underlying infusion technology. On January 14, 2019, this agreement was updated whereby PoViva Corp. (formerly PoViva Tea LLC) granted Lexaria an exclusive license to use DehydraTECH technology for a period of time ending 25 years after the date of the last patent granted to PoViva Corp.

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Scientific testing and validation

CBD and Other Cannabinoid Programs

Our experimentation with, and validation of DehydraTECH technology has been ongoing since 2015. On August 24, 2015, the Company announced achievements in enhanced gastro-intestinal absorption of CBD utilizing DehydraTECH. The third-party testing was conducted in two phases of in vitro tests beginning in June and completed in August 2015.

The independent laboratory results delivered average CBD permeability of 499% of baseline permeability, compared to CBD permeability without DehydraTECH, exceeding Company expectations. This was assessed in a strictly controlled, in vitro experiment using a human intestinal tissue model.

The tests also showed 325% of baseline gastro-intestinal permeability of CBD comparing Lexaria’s CBD-fortified ViPova black tea to a second control of CBD and black tea combined, without Lexaria’s patented formulation enhancements. This confirmed that the specialized processing undertaken by Lexaria during its manufacturing process together with its formulation enhancements, does indeed significantly improve absorption levels.

The bioavailability of CBD (or of THC) varies greatly by delivery method. Smoking typically delivers cannabinoids at an average bioavailability rate of 30% (Huestis (2007) Chem. Biodiverse. 4:1770–1804; McGilveray (2005) Pain Res. Manag. 10 Suppl. A:15A – 22A). By comparison, orally consumed cannabis edibles typically deliver cannabinoids at an average bioavailability rate of only 5% (Karschner et al. (2011) Clin. Chem. 57:66–75).

During January 2015, Lexaria conducted a study of nitric oxide levels in humans, as a biomarker for absorption of CBD, with the expectation that it would provide additional evidence of the efficient absorption of CBD from DehydraTECH -enhanced oral products enhanced with hemp oil, by demonstrating the elevation of nitric oxide in the human body in response to oral ingestion.

The study data from human subjects demonstrated significant elevation of systemic nitric oxide levels as a surrogate biomarker for CBD bio absorption in response to ingestion of Lexaria’s oral delivery. This provided clinical support for the CBD bioavailability enhancing properties of DehydraTECH, on the premise that bioavailable CBD is known to elevate levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide in the human body which, in turn, stimulates release of nitric oxide in the vascular system.

In August of 2018 we released the results from our randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind European human clinical study that evaluated a DehydraTECH-CBD hemp oil capsule developed by Lexaria. The degree and speed of CBD absorption into blood plasma and potential cardiovascular and cognitive performance enhancement in 12 healthy male volunteers was studied.

Key metabolic and hemodynamic performance findings linked to bioavailability enhancements were revealed in the study as released in February 2019, which compared a 90 mg dose of Lexaria’s DehydraTECH enhanced TurboCBD capsules to a 90 mg dose without DehydraTECH (the “positive control”) as well as a placebo, as follows:

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Finally, over the six-hour study, analysis of the total area under the curve (AUC) demonstrated that Lexaria’s DehydraTECH enhanced TurboCBD capsules resulted in a notable trend for higher levels of CBD in the bloodstream overall than the positive control formulation with total AUC of 10,865 ± 6,322 observed with Lexaria’s formulation compared to 7,115 ± 2,978 observed with the positive control (95% CI; p=0.096).

These results corroborate and confirm other in vitro and in vivo studies that evaluated DehydraTECH. Although this study evaluated absorption only of CBD and its metabolites, Lexaria believes nearly identical bioavailability enhancement results would be achieved with other cannabinoids.

During March of 2019 we also launched an in vivo research program to test Lexaria-designed DehydraTECH enhancements (“Enhanced DehydraTECH”) comprised of eleven separate animal studies and released initial results during May 2019 demonstrating measurable quantities of cannabidiol into blood in as little as 2 minutes. In the first animal study results it announced, Lexaria compared its standard DehydraTECH formulation that combined cannabinoids with long-chain fatty acids (“LCFA”) using Lexaria’s patented dehydration processing technique to a concentration-matched formulation utilizing coconut oil which is a commonly used MCT oil in the cannabis edibles industry, with some key findings noted:

Lexaria also tested for brain tissue concentrations to quantify 8-hour CBD delivery from the DehydraTECH-enabled LCFA formulation compared to the MCT oil formulation and DehydraTECH’s LCFA formulation outperformed the MCT oil formulation by 246%.

The Company released additional results from its March 2019 research program wherein animal testing proved that Enhanced DehydraTECH delivered 1,137% more CBD into animal brain tissue following oral ingestion than certain existing industry formulations. Delivery of CBD into the brain was reported 8 hours after dosing, as follows:

Further results demonstrated that Enhanced DehydraTECH led to 811% more CBD delivery into blood than generic industry MCT coconut-oil formulations (p=0.00008); and 110% more CBD into blood than DehydraTECH in its traditional format (p=0.02).

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During 2021, we also commenced further DehydraTECH formulation enhancement and performance optimization work. In May of 2021, we announced findings from Study HYPER-A21-1 that included three new "DehydraTECH 2.0" CBD formulation variations. All three new DehydraTECH 2.0 formulations delivered improved performance when compared to both Lexaria's original DehydraTECH and Enhanced-DehydraTECH concentration-matched formulations, as well as to a MCT oil-based control formulation representative of standard industry practices. These three DehydraTECH 2.0 formulations delivered between 1,068% and 2,178% more CBD during the study period than the standard MCT control formulation, and they also were up to 123% more effective than Lexaria’s original Enhanced DehydraTECH formulation. The three new DehydraTECH 2.0 formulations also delivered between 907%-1,737% more CBD into brain tissue than the MCT oil-based control formulation, similar to the up to 1,937% increase over the MCT oil based control formulation determined previously for Lexaria's original Enhanced DehydraTECH formulations.

Also during 2021, further DehydraTECH 2.0 formulation work was reported later in May from Study HYPER-A21-2. One of the DehydraTECH 2.0 formulations tested in this study produced the strongest absorption enhancement results Lexaria has ever recorded, at 2,708% more CBD into bloodstream during the study period than the representative industry standard MCT control formulation.

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Based on our many successes in enhancing CBD absorption in animals, and pursuant to our initial success in reducing blood pressure in our 2018 clinical study, Lexaria progressed to more advanced clinical studies later in 2021.

In July of 2021, we reported findings from Study HYPER-H21-1, in which human blood pressure was reduced across both male and female volunteers and was most pronounced with DehydraTECH-CBD in the first 10-50 minutes of the study. Blood pressure reduction from baseline was greatest when measured via systolic pressure. In a subset of volunteers who were Stage 2 hypertensive, peak systolic blood pressure reductions from baseline were observed of as much as approximately 13 mmHg by the 50-minute time point with DehydraTECH-CBD, and systolic BP remained depressed throughout almost the entire 3-hour duration of the study. There was also a tendency for a greater reduction in relative diastolic pressure from baseline with DehydraTECH-CBD than the concentration matched, generic CBD control tested in this study. This was most notable in the initial 10 to20 minute period post-dosing evidencing statistical significance at the 20-minute timepoint (p=0.025). As well, there was a tendency for relative Mean Arterial Pressure ("MAP") to be reduced greater from baseline with the DehydraTECH-CBD than the concentration matched, generic CBD control; again, most notably in the initial 20 minutes post-dosing. By comparison, in Lexaria's 2018 human clinical study, 120 minutes were required to achieve the same level of MAP reduction, demonstrating superior rapidity of onset of the CBD formulation used in Study HYPER-H21-1 relatively speaking. Lexaria was also pleased that its DehydraTECH-CBD was well tolerated by all subjects, with no serious adverse events or side effects observed or reported.

In September of 2021, we reported findings from Study HYPER-H21-2, in which human blood pressure was significantly reduced using DehydraTECH-CBD through the course of a 24 ambulatory study design. At selected times during the 24-hour study, volunteers with mild to moderate hypertension averaged as much as a 20 mmHg (i.e., 23%) decrease in BP relative to placebo. Over the 24-hour ambulatory monitoring period, volunteers averaged a significant reduction of 7.0% (p < 0.001) in systolic pressure, a significant reduction of 5.3% (p < 0.001) in MAP and a significant reduction of 3.5% in diastolic pressure relative to an increase in diastolic pressure (-0.8 vs. +2.7; p<0.001) from baseline with DehydraTECH-CBD relative to placebo. Also, of note, DehydraTECH-CBD triggered its most significant effects upon blood pressure attenuation through the overnight period while subjects slept and in the early morning period. This observation could have tremendous value therapeutically as these periods of the day are most often associated with cardiac stress and infarct events in hypertensive patients when people rise suddenly from and/or become increasingly active relative to the supine/sleeping state.

At the time of this filing, Lexaria has reported that it is pursuing two additional clinical studies that will also investigate the safety and effectiveness of DehydraTECH-CBD for hypertension (i.e., Studies HYPER-H21-3 and HYPER-H21-4). In addition, Lexaria has reported that it has also formally begun the process toward preparation and filing of an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) application with the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) with its DehydraTECH-CBD as a prospective registered pharmaceutical treatment for hypertension.

Beyond Lexaria’s hypertension pursuits with DehydraTECH-CBD, it also announced in November of 2021 that it has commenced important new investigational work (Study EPIL-A21-1) exploring whether DehydraTECH-CBD evidences superior ability to inhibit seizure activity compared to both generic CBD and the world’s only licenced pharmaceutical CBD formulation for treating seizure disorders, Epidiolex. And, looking forward to 2022, Lexaria has also announced that it is expecting to conduct additional animal studies to evaluate the potential benefits of DehydraTECH-CBD for other disease conditions of interest, including dementia via Study DEM-A22-1, rheumatoid conditions via Study RHEUM-A22-1 and diabetes via Study DIAB-A22-1.

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We have also completed our first study evaluating DehydraTECH used in a topical cream formulation for absorption of CBD through human skin. Results proved significant increases in both speed and quantity of CBD absorption through skin when compared to control formulations. The absorption study was performed on human skin at a California-based laboratory that specializes in Franz diffusion cell skin permeability testing. DehydraTECH was used together with a sophisticated oil-in-water emulsion formulation design and compared to a series of matching oil-in-water emulsion formulations prepared with the same CBD inputs, with and without DehydraTECH and with and without two leading skin penetration enhancers currently used in the skin products industry. Several factors were measured, including the time required to detect CBD skin penetration and quantity, and peak amounts of CBD absorbed into and through the skin, at multiple testing intervals over a 48-hour duration.

Lexaria’s DehydraTECH-enabled topical formulation, absent either of the commercial penetration enhancers, was the fastest acting for absorption into the epidermis, dermis or through the skin into the systemic fraction representing permeation into the underlying circulatory system.

Furthermore, Lexaria’s DehydraTECH-enabled topical formulation without the addition of either of the commercial penetration enhancers, demonstrated the highest overall average quantity of CBD delivered through the skin and into the representative systemic fraction of all the formulations tested, with as much as a 225% increase in CBD permeability when compared to the highest performing commercial penetration enhancer formulation assessed and almost a 1,900% increase in CBD permeability when compared to a control formulation that was devoid of both DehydraTECH or any commercial penetration enhancers. The commercial skin penetration enhancers only demonstrated performance that was on par or superior to the DehydraTECH-enabled formulations tested in so far as total CBD absorption into the shallow epidermis or dermis was concerned.

Finally, beyond CBD, we also conducted investigative work with another cannabinoid compound, THC, during 2021. In Study THC-A21-1, we demonstrated that DehydraTECH-THC delivered via oral ingestion required only 15 minutes to deliver THC levels in blood plasma comparable to levels achieved at 45 minutes with concentration-matched controls. During the study DehydraTECH-THC delivered more THC into bloodstream than the industry standard MCT based control formulation from the 2-minute mark onwards, then dropped rapidly to the same level as the MCT control by the 6-hour mark. These data may be of significance to prospective pharmaceutical applications for DehydraTECH-THC based therapeutics, pending further pursuit in this area.

Nicotine Programs

We have also completed ingestible nicotine in vivo (animal) absorption study work. In a study reported in April of 2018, DehydraTECH delivered the following major nicotine absorption performance improvements: 1,160% faster delivery of equivalent peak quantities of nicotine to the bloodstream than achieved with controls (within 15 min vs. 2.9 hours), 148% gain in the quantity of peak nicotine delivery to the bloodstream relative to controls, 560% higher brain levels of nicotine where nicotine effects are focused, compared to controls, lower urine levels of nicotine excreted than controls, for enhanced nicotine activity and bioavailability over the course of the study, lower quantities of key liver metabolites in the bloodstream than controls as hypothesized, suggesting bypass of first pass liver metabolism.

The study was designed to principally assess the relative ingestible nicotine absorption performance of DehydraTECH -powered formulations compared to concentration-matched control formulations that lacked any form of delivery enabling technology in rats.

The DehydraTECH formulations generally achieved faster absorption, higher peak absorption, and higher overall quantities of nicotine, on average, in the blood than the concentration-matched control formulations at both the 1mg and 10 mg/Kg doses tested. Furthermore, as previously reported, there were no obvious signs of gastrointestinal distress such as vomiting or diarrhea indicating that the animals appeared to tolerate the treatment well.

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Nicotine blood levels were evaluated multiple times over a period of 8 hours after dosing. In the 10mg/Kg dosing arm, the control formulation required nearly 3 hours to reach similar levels of blood absorption that the DehydraTECH formulation reached in only 15 minutes. Furthermore, the DehydraTECH formulation went on thereafter to demonstrate peak plasma levels that were 148% of those achieved by the control formulation. If replicated in human studies, these findings are suggestive that DehydraTECH could prove more effective in elevating blood nicotine levels through edible formats much more quickly and substantially than previously theorized, potentially making ingestible nicotine preparations a viable alternative to today’s available product formats while also leading to a more rapid nicotine craving satiation.

Analysis of the liver metabolites revealed, as expected, that overall levels in the blood of two of the three metabolites studied were higher in the control group than in the DehydraTECH formulation group at the 10 mg/Kg dose. The study also revealed that the DehydraTECH formulation at the 10 mg/Kg level achieved up to 5.6-times as much nicotine upon analysis of the rat brain tissue than was recovered with the matching control formulation. These findings together perhaps suggest prolongation of nicotine effectiveness with the DehydraTECH formulation which may also be beneficial in humans to control cravings over an extended time-period from a single edible nicotine dose.

Following the above study, additional study work was reported in August of 2018 by way of a follow-up third-party in vivo statistically significant study, including two groups of 20 animals. This study further demonstrated delivery of nicotine in edible form at each of the 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10-minute intervals post-dosing, with 90.2% greater delivery than the concentration-matched control formulation by the 10-minute mark (95% CI; p=0.044), and significantly greater absorption levels than the control formulation at all subsequent time points in the study. Speed of onset is a key attribute for oral drug administration, and it is of particular importance for the consideration of non-inhalation nicotine delivery formats.

Key highlights of the follow-up study were as follows:

Thereafter, during 2021, we also pursued study work in animals to investigate the pharmacokinetic performance of certain DehydraTECH 2.0 nicotine formulations specifically via the oral buccal/sublingual route of administration instead of the oral ingestible route of administration investigated previously. In October of 2021, we reported upon Study NIC-A21-1 conducted in male beagle dogs, which demonstrated that DehydraTECH nicotine delivered via the oral pouch product format required only 2 to 4 minutes to deliver nicotine levels in blood plasma comparable to levels achieved at 45 minutes with concentration-matched controls. DehydraTECH-nicotine also reached statistically significant peak blood plasma levels up to 10-fold higher overall than controls (p=0.004) while still clearing from blood virtually as quickly as the controls. Two nicotine formats were investigated in Study NIC-A21-1, namely nicotine benzoate and nicotine polacrilex. In the study, the generic nicotine benzoate pouch required approximately 45 minutes to reach its peak delivery rate whereas the DehydraTECH nicotine benzoate pouch reached peak delivery rates at both 8 minutes and again at 30 minutes. In fact, just 4 minutes after the pouch was placed in the mouth, the DehydraTECH-nicotine had reached a higher delivery level than the generic achieved at any point during the study. Similarly, the generic nicotine polacrilex pouch also required approximately 45 minutes to reach its very subdued peak delivery rate while the DehydraTECH nicotine polacrilex pouch achieved a comparable level in just 2 minutes. The DehydraTECH nicotine polacrilex pouch delivered over 10 times the nicotine level in blood plasma at peak than the generic version.

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Antiviral Drug Programs

During March of 2020, we also announced that we were commencing a program to study the prospective benefits of Lexaria’s DehydraTECH drug delivery platform for enhancing delivery and effectiveness of certain antiviral drugs in the fight against coronavirus disease COVID-19. We commenced this work initially reporting upon improved delivery in an animal study conducted with the antiviral drugs darunavir and efavirenz, with which we reported significant enhancements in drug delivery announced in December of 2020 in Study VIRAL-A20-1. Thereafter, we progressed to further study work with other drugs with antiviral properties including remdesivir and ebastine, where we demonstrated improved drug delivery in animal testing in Study VIRAL-A20-2, as well as effective inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that is responsible for COVID-19 in in vitro testing via Study VIRAL-C21-3 reported in June of 2021. Finally, we also reported significant improvements in drug delivery in animal using another compound with antiviral properties, colchicine, in Study VIRAL-A20-3, announced in July of 2021.

Technology out-licensing

Pursuant to the disposition of assets of CanPharm, all of the Company’s licenses associated with THC molecules for non-pharmaceutical purposes were assigned to Hill Street. As part of an asset purchase agreement entered into between CanPharm and Hill Street, on November 18, 2020, Lexaria Hemp Corp. (“Hempco”) entered into a 10-year license agreement with Hill Street to license DehydraTECH with respect to multiple products infused with CBD, replacing all previous agreements between the parties.

On January 15, 2019, the Company announced that its wholly owned subsidiary Lexaria Nicotine granted a license to use the DehydraTECH for oral nicotine delivery forms on an exclusive basis in the United States and a non-exclusive global basis to Altria Ventures Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Altria Group, Inc. (“Altria”). During fiscal 2021, Altria relinquished their exclusive rights and retain non-exclusive rights within the U.S.

On July 11, 2019, the Company announced that it entered a definitive 5-year agreement, via its subsidiary Hempco, to license DehydraTECH to Universal Hemp LLC, for the production of infused powder substrates for inclusion in finished goods. This license was subsequently terminated on August 30, 2021.

On December 27, 2019, the Company, via Hempco entered into a 10-year US exclusive license agreement with Boldt Runners Corporation (“Boldt Runners”) for the use of DehydraTECH in connection with manufacturing CBD infused oral pouch products. Subsequent to the year ended August 31, 2021, Boldt Runners relinquished their exclusive rights and maintain non-exclusive rights.

Subsequent to the year end, on September 16, 2021, Hempco entered into a 10-year license with GlobalCanna Inc. for the use of DehydraTECH in multiple CBD infused products in the country of Canada.

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The continuation of our business interests in these sectors is dependent upon obtaining further financing, a successful program of development, and, ultimately, achieving a profitable level of operations. The issuance of additional equity securities by us could result in a significant dilution in the equity interests of our current stockholders. Obtaining commercial loans, assuming those loans would be available, will increase our liabilities and future cash commitments.

We are not yet profitable and have not yet demonstrated our ability to generate significant revenues from our business plan. We will require additional corporate funds if our existing capital is not sufficient to support the Company until potential future profitability is reached. There are no assurances that we will be able to obtain further funds required for our long-term operations. We expect to require additional operating capital during our fiscal 2021 year. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to us when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If we are not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, we will be unable to conduct our operations as planned, and we will not be able to meet our other longer-term obligations as they become due. In such event, we could be forced to scale down or perhaps even cease our operations. There is uncertainty as to whether we can obtain additional long-term financing if we do in fact require it.

We hired two additional staff members during fiscal 2021 to enhance operations in our office and licenced laboratory space. We currently have eight staff members and do not anticipate hiring large numbers of new staff members during fiscal 2022. We expect to be able to utilize contracted third parties for our R&D testing programs, instead focusing our capital on higher value-added aspects of our research and development, and scientific test planning.

Our Company relies on the business experience of our existing management, on the technical abilities of consulting experts, and on the technical and operational abilities of its operating partner companies to evaluate business opportunities.

Competition

The biopharmaceutical industry is characterized by intense competition and rapid innovation. Our competitors may be able to develop other drug delivery platforms that are able to achieve similar or better results than DehydraTECH. Our potential competitors include major multinational pharmaceutical companies, established biotechnology companies, specialty pharmaceutical companies, universities, and other research institutions. Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, and other resources, such as larger research and development staff and experienced marketing and manufacturing organizations and well-established sales forces. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly as they develop novel approaches to oral or topical drug delivery that our DehydraTECH is also focused on. Established pharmaceutical companies may also invest heavily to accelerate discovery and development of novel therapeutics or to in-license novel therapeutics that could make the product candidates that are can be delivered using DehydraTECH obsolete. Mergers and acquisitions in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries may result in even more resources being concentrated in our competitors. Competition may increase further as a result of advances in the commercial applicability of technologies and greater availability of capital for investment in these industries. Our competitors, either alone or with collaborative partners, may succeed in developing, acquiring, or licensing API delivery technologies that are more effective, safer, more easily commercialized or less costly than our DehydraTECH proprietary technology or secure patent protection that we may need for the enhancement of our DehydraTECH. We believe the key competitive factors that will affect the development and commercial success of any DehydraTECH enhanced product candidates are efficacy, safety, tolerability, reliability, convenience of use, price, and reimbursement. We face competition from segments of the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and other related markets that pursue the development of API delivery platforms which may be more effective or cost efficient than our DehydraTECH. We anticipate that we will continue to face intense and increasing competition as new advanced API delivery technologies become available. There can be no assurance that our competitors are not currently developing, or will not in the future develop, technology that is equally or more effective or is more economically attractive than any of our current or any enhanced versions of DehydraTECH.

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Competition in alternative health sectors and in consumer products in the U.S. is fierce. We expect to encounter competitive threats from existing participants in the sector and new entrants with competing technologies. Although PoViva Corp. has filed patent applications to protect intellectual property, there is no assurance that patents beyond those already issued will be granted nor that other firms may not file superior patents pending. Food supplements, organic foods, and health food markets are all well established and the Company and/or its licensees will face many challenges within these markets. Lexaria is also aware of various competing technologies that exist in the marketplace that claim to also enhance the bio absorption of bioactive molecules as Lexaria has demonstrated through repeated in vitro and in vivo scientific testing with DehydraTECH. By and large, these technologies are mostly forms of nanotechnology that generally claim to enable the formation of microencapsulated microemulsions of active ingredients. These technologies can enable exceptional water solubility of ingredients and can impart improved intestinal bio absorption as a result, but do not necessarily offer the breadth of performance and value enhancing benefits that Lexaria’s DehydraTECH technology offers to its licensees.

Competition in nicotine, alternative nicotine delivery and nicotine cessation sectors in the U.S. is comprised of long-established entities, brands, and new technologies competing to create less harmful options. The sectors are complicated by the significant historical empirical data of older products or technologies versus the more limited published supporting data regarding the effects of new products or technologies. Due to the size of the sectors we expect to encounter competitive threats from existing participants and unknown new entrants. There is no assurance that other technologies already deployed, or in development, will not form the basis of product formats that competitors or consumers choose to utilize. It is also possible that historic delivery methods that have been in use and the familiarity with them may prevent adoption of products utilizing DehydraTECH in alternative delivery formats. Competing technologies or products may utilize known delivery formats or entirely new and unforecastable formats. Lexaria has demonstrated through scientific testing that DehydraTECH delivers nicotine rapidly and effectively through oral delivery. We believe that if we can educate and influence consumers to adopt a food-grade edible product format, and if US regulatory bodies authorize such formats, we may be able to offer a competitively successful new product format that utilize DehydraTECH.

While we are an early adopter providing technology to the cannabinoid sector, there are reports of large numbers of public companies that have claimed to be involved in the sector in some fashion, and an unknown number of private companies. Our current strategies may prove to be ineffective as the sector grows and matures, and if so, we will have to adapt quickly to changing sectoral circumstances. Accordingly, the Company intends to aggressively pursue technology out-licensing opportunities not only within the cannabinoids sector where it is already active, but also across other sectors where DehydraTECH is patent allowed and/or pending, include opportunities in the vitamin and supplements sector, the pain relief sector, and the nicotine products sector. During the year ended August 31, 2021 the Company sold the rights to DehydraTECH using THC and no longer involved in this market segment.

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Lexaria believes that DehydraTECH offers a host of benefits beyond what competing technologies can offer, including superior oral palatability, a more appealing and all-natural ingredient compositional profile from an oral product and beverage formulation perspective, more predictable time of delivery into bloodstream and certain target tissues, and superior scalability and cost effectiveness from a manufacturing perspective. Lexaria believes that DehydraTECH is, therefore, significantly distinguished from competing technologies in these respects, and has a view of growing the breadth and number of licensees that will adopt DehydraTECH into their product offerings going forward. Lexaria believes that these competitive advantages together with its wealth of scientific data showing noteworthy bio absorption enhancements with DehydraTECH constitute a compelling value proposition for its prospective licensees, and it intends to continue to pursue license arrangements in the multiple bioactive ingredient sectors identified in its issued and pending patent applications.

Compliance with Government Regulation

Thirty-nine states in the U.S. have passed some form of legislation related to that state’s permission to grow, cultivate, sell, or use marijuana and/or CBD either for medical purposes or for recreational or “adult use” purposes, or both (disa.com). The various state legislation is not necessarily harmonious with one another. It is most often not legal to transport cannabis-related products across state lines.

Lexaria does not “touch the plant” or culture, manufacture, process, handle or sell cannabis in any location within the U.S. Lexaria does conduct research and development on cannabis ingredients legally in Canada, in a federally licensed laboratory in compliance with all federal and local Canadian laws. We comply with U.S. federal law that provides for certain exemptions for agricultural hemp and certain by-products to be manufactured and sold in the U.S. DehydraTECH is only licensed to those companies that have met and comply with state regulations for the sale or distribution of cannabis related products in the licensed territory where they operate. Lexaria does not currently manufacture or sell any CBD or THC-related consumer products.

Lexaria’s position is that, just as a telephone company provides communications services, and an electric company provides electrical power, our provision of technological services to a state-legal cannabis company is in compliance with laws and required regulations. Lexaria disposed of its assets that were related to the provision of technology to THC-related companies in December of 2020.

DehydraTECH also has applications in completely separate sectors such as vitamins, CBD for applications under pursuit for medical applications registered with the FDA, NSAIDs, and nicotine. We have no products nor operations in any of these sectors today, although we have commenced formulation development for research and validation purposes in each of these areas. We have a formal relationship with the largest cigarette company in the U.S., the Altria Group, and have conducted R&D with that company related to the possible development of nicotine oral products. We do not know whether the Altria Group will utilize DehydraTECH within any oral nicotine product category. If we enter any of these sectors at any time, we will be exposed to and of necessity will have to comply with, all local, state, and federal regulations in each of those sectors. As a result of the possibility of Lexaria being involved in a number of disparate business sectors, compliance with government regulations could require significant resources and expertise from our Company.

The U.S. Farm Bill, which passed in December 2018, and the ambiguity regarding the incorporation of CBD into ingested and topical products has had significant impacts on the industry segments that we operate and potentially changes some of the regulatory compliance risks that may affect our business. The bill includes lifting restrictions on advertising, marketing, banking, and other financial services as well as allowing interstate commerce for hemp and hemp-derived CBD, removing barriers for intellectual property protections under federal law such as patents and trademarks, as well as several other measures that may positively impact these industry segments overall. The impact the Bill may have on other regulatory bodies and their regulations will require ongoing monitoring to determine the outcome and timing of any revisions.

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Employees and Contractors

We utilize employees, sub-contractors and consultants for the company’s intellectual property development and licensing, and business operations. We have six employees and may add research personnel during the next 12-month period to expand our internal R&D capacity. None of our employees is represented by a labor union and we consider our employee relations to be good. We also engage with consultants to serve our needs.

The Company has an agreement with CAB Financial Services Ltd., wholly owned by Chris Bunka, for a 3-year term management contract as Chief Executive Officer effective January 1, 2019. The Company, as of the date of this Form-10K, is negotiating a contract agreement with Mr. Bunka to take effect January 1, 2022.

The Company has engaged Mr. John Docherty for a 3-year term effective January 1, 2019 as its President. The Company, as of the date of this Form-10K, is negotiating a contract agreement with Mr. Docherty to take effect January 1, 2022.

Both of the Chief Executive Officer and the President of the Company are entitled to the following performance incentives:

· participation in the Company’s approved equity incentive plan.

Our business plan contemplates increases in the number of employees and other personnel over the next 12-month period to enhance operational, sales and our in-house R&D capacity dependent upon adequate funding. When beneficial to do so we will continue to outsource contract employment or engagements as needed. It is not possible to accurately project potential needs into the future based on circumstances that may or may not occur.

Research and Development

Lexaria incurred $1,262,895 (2020 - $387,074) in research and development expenditures during the period ending August 31, 2021. Specific R&D programs are in ongoing development and will be tightly related to our financial ability to undertake each research phase for each API. Due to our expanding portfolio coverage, we are continuing to examine accelerated timetable options for testing, research and development.

The Company’s in vitro absorption test of DehydraTECH enhanced nicotine molecules and its in vivo absorption tests on DehydraTECH enhanced CBD molecules yielded positive results. Ongoing testing plans are proceeding to (i) conduct in vitro absorption tests with DehydraTECH enhanced ibuprofen; and (ii) further define molecular compatibility, absorption rates, timing, and viable formats of delivery.

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The Company continually focuses on new R&D programs to investigate potential additional commercial applications for the incorporation of DehydraTECH. These include, but are not limited to, ongoing programs to explore methods to integrate nanoemulsification chemistry techniques together with DehydraTECH that have demonstrated positive results to date, programs to further enhance intestinal bio absorption rates with DehydraTECH, as well as ongoing programs to expand the types and breadth of product form factors into which DehydraTECH can be applied. Depending on how many of these tests are undertaken, R&D budgets are expected to vary significantly. It is in our best interests to remain flexible at this early stage of our R&D efforts in order to capitalize on potential novel findings from early-stage tests and thus re-direct research into specific avenues that offer the most reward.

Subsidiaries

Lexaria has its wholly owned subsidiaries; Lexaria CanPharm ULC, Lexaria CanPharm Holding Corp., PoViva Corp., Lexaria Hemp Corp., Kelowna Management Services Corp. and Lexaria Pharmaceutical Corp., and our majority owned subsidiary Lexaria Nicotine LLC. On January 15, 2019, the Company announced the initial investment of $1,000,000 from Altria Ventures Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Altria Group, Inc., for a 16.667% equity interest along with certain other rights in Lexaria Nicotine LLC.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Summary of Risk Factors

The following table summarizes the material risk factors associated with our Company which are more fully described below:

A. Risks Associated with our Business and Industry

(i) Business operations

(ii) Protection of intellectual property and litigation

(iii) Reliance on third party providers

(iv) COVID-19

B. Risks Associated with our Financial Condition

(i) Historical net losses and reliance on licensing

(ii) Additional funding requirements for R&D activities

(iii) Additional Funding Requirements for Business Plan

C. Risks Associated with Current Regulatory Environments

(i) Conducting clinical trials

(ii) Regulatory and development approvals for pharmaceutical products

(iii) Controlled substances

D. Risks Associated with Securities Markets and Ownership of our Common Stock

(i) Pricing volatility of common stock and warrants

(ii) Strategic transactions

(iii) Payment of dividends and dilution

(iv) Smaller reporting company compliance

E. General Risks

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A. Risks Associated with our Business and Industry

(i) Risks related to our business operations

We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing and/or commercializing technology or products similar to ours before or more successfully than we might do.

Lexaria operates in the intensely competitive biotechnology industry. Investment in this sector involves a high degree of risk.

Our commercial and/or licensing opportunities may be reduced or potentially eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize products utilizing a similar technology that compete directly with those incorporating DehydraTECH. Significant delays in the development of our product candidates could allow competitors to bring products to market before us which may impair the ability to commercialize our product candidates. This could result in reduced sales and increased pricing pressure on our technology which in turn would reduce our ability to generate meaningful revenues and could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Our competitors might also develop drugs that are more effective, more widely used and less expensive than ours, and they may also be more successful in manufacturing and marketing their products. Competitors could acquire regulatory approval of their products before we are able to obtain patent protection or other intellectual property rights, limiting our ability to license our respective patents and/or develop or commercialize a product candidate. These appreciable advantages could render our product candidates non-competitive or obsolete before we can recover the expenses of research, development, and commercialization.

Our competition includes pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, educational institutions, and research foundations, many of which have substantially greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities and greater marketing experience than Lexaria. They may be able to respond more rapidly to new regulations and/or devote greater resources to the development and promotion of their business model. These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring technologies and technology licenses complementary to our programs or potentially advantageous to our business.

Early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries may result in even more resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our competitors and could increase their ability to rapidly gain market share.

As a result of these factors, management cannot be certain that the Company will be able to compete against current or future competitors or that competitive pressure will not seriously harm its business.

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Our failure to protect our intellectual property may have a material adverse effect on our ability to develop and licence DehydraTECH

Because patents involve complex legal and factual questions, the issuance, scope, validity, and enforceability of patents cannot be predicted with certainty. Some of our patent pending applications may not be granted as patents. Even if patents are issued, they may not be issued with claims of sufficient breadth to protect DehydraTECH technology or may not provide us with competitive advantage against competitors with similar products or technologies. Issued patents may be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented. If patents issued to us are invalidated or found to be unenforceable, we could lose the ability to exclude others from making, using, or selling the inventions claimed. Moreover, an issued patent does not give us the automatic right to use the patented technology or commercialize a product using the technology. Third parties may have blocking patents that could be used to prevent us from developing our products, selling our products, or commercializing our DehydraTECH technology. Others may also independently develop products or technologies similar to those that we have developed or may reverse engineer or discover our trade secrets through proper means.

Results of earlier studies may not be predictive of future results and planned or ongoing studies may not establish an adequate efficacy profile for DehydraTECH-enabled products.

The results of studies and trials of DehydraTECH conducted to date and future studies incorporating other APIs may not be predictive of the results of subsequent trials. Studies published to date on DehydraTECH have demonstrated positive results through oral and topical delivery methods of API payloads. These results may not be replicated in subsequent studies or trials that incorporate the same or other API payloads.

Licensees subject to significant regulatory requirements and testing protocols, such as those required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and comparable foreign regulators, must successfully complete multi-phase testing and the results of our studies may not be reflected in the outcome of the testing performed related to their products. A number of companies in the biopharmaceutical industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials due to lack of efficacy or adverse safety profiles, notwithstanding promising results in earlier studies, and we cannot be certain that our licensees will not face similar setbacks.

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Intellectual Property and Technology development involves a lengthy and expensive process, with an uncertain outcome. We may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete, all of the research and development for all industry segments.

We may experience delays in initiating or completing our planned studies or trials in the future, and we may experience numerous unforeseen events during, or as a result of, any future studies or trials that we conduct that could delay or prevent our ability to conduct the research, including:

· the cost of studies or trials of an API may be greater than we anticipate;

We could encounter delays if a study or trial is suspended or terminated by us or by the IRBs of the institutions in which they are being conducted. Such authorities may impose such a suspension or termination due to a number of factors, including changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions or lack of adequate funding to continue the study or trial. Further, the IRB may disagree with our design or may change the requirements for approval even after it has reviewed and commented on the design.

Our research and development costs will also increase if we experience delays in testing or regulatory approvals. We do not know whether any of our studies or trials will begin as planned, will need to be restructured or will be completed on schedule, or at all. Any delays in our development programs may significantly harm our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.

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(ii) Risks related to protection of intellectual property and litigation

If we are unable to obtain and maintain sufficient patent protection, or if the scope of the patent protection is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop technology similar to ours.

Our success depends in large part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection in the United States and other countries with respect to our intellectual property. If we do not adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property, competitors may be able to erode or negate any competitive advantage we may have, which could harm our business and ability to achieve profitability. To protect our intellectual property, we file patent applications in the United States and abroad. The patent application and approval process is expensive, complex and time-consuming. We may not be able to effectively enforce our intellectual property rights throughout the world. Filing, prosecuting, and defending patents in all countries throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive. Our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights may be adversely affected by unforeseen changes in foreign intellectual property laws. Additionally, the patent laws of some foreign countries do not provide protection to the same extent as the laws of the United States. This could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or the misappropriation of our intellectual property rights. Legal actions to enforce our patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and resources from other aspects of our business. While we intend to protect our intellectual property, we cannot ensure that we will be able to initiate or maintain legal efforts in all jurisdictions.

(iii) Risks related to our reliance on third party providers

We have relied, and will rely in the future, on third parties to conduct, supervise, and monitor our R&D programs. If third party performance is unsatisfactory, including failing to meet deadlines for the completion of contracts or failing to comply with regulatory requirements our research programs may be delayed or could fail to develop required data.

We do not have the ability to conduct our studies or pre-clinical trials independently and thus rely on third parties to conduct, supervise, and monitor our R&D programs. While we have, or expect to have, agreements governing the activities of such third parties, we will have limited influence and control over their actual performance and activities. Third-party service providers are not our employees, and except for remedies available to us under contract with such third parties, we cannot control whether or not they devote sufficient time, skill and resources to our programs. We remain responsible for ensuring that each of our programs are conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal, regulatory, and scientific standards, and our reliance on third parties will not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities. We remain responsible for ensuring that each of our trials is conducted in accordance with the general investigational plan and protocols for that trial.

If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties, meet expected deadlines or conduct our R&D programs or preclinical studies in accordance with our stated protocols or regulatory requirements, or if the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons we or other third-party collaborators may be subject to regulatory enforcement or other legal actions. Resultant data generated in our preclinical programs may be deemed unreliable and our studies and trials may need to be repeated, extended, delayed, or terminated. We may be delayed in or unable to obtain marketing approvals for our product candidates or to successfully commercialize our product candidates. As a result, our results of operations and the commercial prospects for our product candidates would be harmed, our costs could increase and our ability to generate revenues could be delayed.

Agreements with third parties conducting or otherwise assisting with our R&D might terminate for a variety of reasons, including a failure to perform by the third parties. If any of our relationships with these third parties terminate, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative providers or to do so on commercially reasonable terms. Switching or adding additional third parties involve increased management time and focus and additional cost. With a transition to a new third party and alternative arrangements there will be delays in our research programs and this will adversely affect our business. We intend to manage our relationships with third parties carefully and respectfully but there can be no assurance that we will not encounter challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and prospects, and results of operations.

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We rely upon third parties for the manufacture of our B2B products. If those third parties do not perform satisfactorily, including failing to meet deadlines for the completion of such contract or failing to manufacture goods to the exact specifications of our customers, it could lead to our B2B customers dissatisfaction and could harm our reputation and cause loss of revenues.

We rely and expect that we will rely on third party suppliers and manufacturers to provide us with the materials and services to manufacture our DehydraTECH compounds for our B2B customers. While we do have in-house expertise and capacity to manufacture using DehydraTECH, we do not own or lease manufacturing facilities. To the extent we are unable to successfully manage the performance of third-party service providers, our business may be adversely affected. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or obligations or meet expected deadlines, or if the quality or accuracy of the product they produce is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons, our relationship with our B2B customers may be critically affected and may result in the loss of revenue. Demand for our services may be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in the quality of our services or the industry’s practices. Adverse publicity may discourage businesses from contracting our services and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The FDA, or equivalent regulatory authority, governs the manufacturing process for product candidates in pre-clinical and clinical trials and will inspect the facilities at which the product is manufactured. Approval of the product will not occur unless the manufacturing facilities are in compliance with the FDA’s current good manufacturing practice (“cGMP”) regulations, or equivalent foreign authority. If our suppliers or manufacturers do not comply with the FDA or foreign regulations for our product candidates, we may experience delays in timing or supply, be forced to manufacture our product candidates ourselves or seek to enter contract with another supplier or manufacturer. If we are required to switch suppliers or manufacturers, we will be required to verify that the new supplier or manufacturer maintains facilities and processes in line with cGMP regulations, which may result in delays, additional expenses, and may have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete the development of our product candidates.

(iv) Risks related to the effects of COVID-19

The outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has evolved into a global pandemic. The extent to which the virus impacts our business and operating results will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning the virus, its variants, and the actions to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact, among others.

With the continued spread of the virus, our business operations could be interrupted or delayed. It is possible that our R&D programs could be adversely affected by the pandemic. In some of our programs, particularly our human studies, participant recruitment and enrollment, participant dosing, distribution of results, study monitoring and data analysis may be paused or delayed due to the effects that the pandemic has in different countries, regions, states, provinces, or localities. If the virus continues to spread, some participants and clinical investigators may not be able to comply with clinical trial protocols. For example, travel restrictions, lock-down quarantines or other limitations that might limit our ability to conduct our R&D programs. We currently utilize third parties to conduct our R&D programs and to produce products for our B2B customers. These relationships could be adversely impacted by restrictions resulting from the virus outbreak. It is possible that our supply chain may be disrupted, limiting our ability to manufacture products for our R&D operations or for our B2B customers.

The spread of COVID-19 and its variants, has caused a broad impact globally, including restrictions on travel and quarantine policies put into place by businesses and governments, and it may have a material economic effect on our business. While the potential economic impact brought by and the duration of the pandemic may be difficult to assess or predict, it has already caused, and is likely to result in further significant disruption of global financial markets, which may reduce our ability to access capital either on favorable terms or at all. In addition, inflation, stagflation, recession or other sustained adverse economic events resulting from the spread of the virus could materially and adversely affect our business and the market for or value of our common stock.

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B. Risks Associated with our Financial Condition

(i) Risks related to historical net losses and reliance on licensing

Our Company has little operating history and an evolving business model, which raises doubt about our ability to achieve profitability or obtain financing.

Our Company has no significant history of operations and our business model is still evolving and is subject to change. Our revenues are dependent upon licensing DehydraTECH and on those licensees generating usages fees by successfully selling products utilizing DehydraTECH. Without increased market acceptance of our technologies, we may not generate meaningful revenue. Our licensees may also be subject to regulatory approval of their products that utilize DehydraTECH, which may not occur before they can bring their products to market and we generate usage licensing revenues from them.

Our Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to obtain adequate financing for our research and development and our operational requirements and/or to reach profitable levels of operations. In that regard we have no proven history of performance, earnings, or success. Our revenues are primarily generated from out-licensing of DehydraTECH technology. There can be no assurance that we will achieve significant revenues or profitable operations or will generate adequate funds to continue our intellectual property development. Many factors, such as competition, patent protection, appropriate regulatory approvals, availability of personnel, and market acceptance of our services can influence the revenue and profitability potential. As a result, we may experience material fluctuations in future operating results on a quarterly and annual basis which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. Although we exercise due consideration in the development of our technology, we cannot be certain that our overall business model within any particular sector will ever come to fruition, and if they do, will not decline over time. We may not recover all or any portion of our capital investment in our research and technology development, marketing, or other aspects of the business.

(ii) Risks related to additional funding requirements for R&D activities

The longer-term growth of our business depends on our ability to expand our portfolio of patents and industry segments where DehydraTECH is demonstrably applicable, which may require substantial financial resources and may ultimately be unsuccessful.

The longer-term growth of our business depends upon our ability to expand our patent portfolio of applicable APIs and molecules and delivery methods. We may also be required to evidence that DehydraTECH’s demonstrated efficacy also works with other APIs and molecules prior to acceptance and adoption within those segments. The R&D programs required to develop the evidence may require substantial financial resources and may ultimately be unsuccessful.

(iii) Risks related to additional funding requirements for business plan

Without additional financing to develop our business plan, our business may fail.

Because we have generated only minimal revenue from our business and cannot anticipate when we will be able to generate meaningful revenue from our business, we will need to raise additional funds to conduct and grow our business. We anticipate that we will need to raise further financing. We do not currently have any arrangements for financing and we can provide no assurance to investors that we will be able to find such financing if required. The most likely source of future funds presently available to us is through the sale of equity capital. Any sale of share capital will result in dilution to existing security-holders.

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C. Risk Associated with Current Regulatory Environments

(i) Risks related to conducting clinical trials

Our product candidates are in an early stage of development and may fail or experience significant delays or may never advance to the clinical stage, which may materially and adversely impact our business.

All of our R&D programs are in the early, pre-application stage of preclinical development and our future success heavily depends on the successful development of our DehydraTECH product candidates, which may never occur. These product candidates could be delayed, not advance into the clinic, or unexpectedly fail at any stage of development. Before we can commence clinical trials for a product candidate, we must conduct extensive preclinical and other non-clinical tests in order to support an investigational new drug (“IND”) application, including IND-enabling good laboratory practice toxicology studies, in the United States or their equivalents with regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions. Preclinical studies and clinical trials are expensive, difficult to design and can take many years. There is no assurance that we will be able to successfully develop our product candidates, and we may focus our efforts and resources on product candidates that may prove to be unsuccessful.

We cannot be certain of the outcome of preclinical testing and clinical studies and results from these studies may not predict the results that will be obtained in later phase trials of our product candidates. Even if we are able to complete our preclinical studies and planned clinical trials in line with our projected timelines, results from such studies and trials may be not replicated in subsequent preclinical studies or clinical trial results. Additionally, such studies may be delayed due to events beyond our control including as a result of natural disasters of any kind. As a result, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to submit INDs, or similar applications, within our projected timelines, if at all, or that the FDA, or similar regulatory authorities, will allow us to commence clinical trials.

Pharmaceutical products incorporating DehydraTECH has never been approved for the treatment of disease.

In order to commercialize a product that utilizes DehydraTECH for the treatment of any disease, we and/or our commercial partner must obtain regulatory approvals for such product for treatment of a particular indication. Satisfying regulatory requirements is an expensive process that typically takes many years and involves compliance with requirements covering R&D, testing, manufacturing, quality control, labeling, and promotion of drugs for human use. To obtain necessary regulatory approvals, a licensee must, among other requirements, complete clinical trials demonstrating that their product is safe and effective for a particular indication. There can be no assurance that any product enhanced by DehydraTECH will be proven to be safe and effective, that the clinical trials will demonstrate the necessary safety and effectiveness of the product candidates, or that we will be successful in obtaining regulatory approval for any treatment developed, even if such safety and effectiveness are demonstrated.

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Any delays or difficulties encountered in such clinical trials may delay or preclude regulatory approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) or from international regulatory organizations. Any delay or preclusion of regulatory approval would be expected to delay or preclude the commercialization of their product that utilizes DehydraTECH. Examples of delays or difficulties that may be encountered during clinical trials include without limitation the following:

· failure to obtain and/or maintain, any required governmental approvals;

Any success achieved at a given stage of the clinical trials does not guarantee that the future achievement of success at any subsequent stage, including without limitation, final FDA approval.

Delays or rejections in the regulatory approval process because of additional government regulation resulting from future legislation or administrative action, or from changes in the policies of the FDA or other regulatory bodies during the period of product development, clinical trials, or regulatory review may occur. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements may result in criminal prosecution, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, or an injunction preventing certain activity, as well as other regulatory action against our product candidates or us.

We currently have no commercial pharmaceutical products and therefore generate no revenue from pharmaceutical products and may never be able to develop marketable pharmaceutical products. We have no experience in filing the applications necessary to obtain marketing approval and expect that we will need to rely on CROs and regulatory consultants to assist us with this process. Regulatory approval also requires the submission about the product manufacturing process and inspection of the manufacturing facilities, to the relevant regulatory authority.

Our success is dependent on our, or our licensee’s, ability to successfully navigate the risks and obstacles associated with obtaining FDA clearance for any DehydraTECH enhanced formulated product

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(ii) Risks related to regulatory and development approvals for pharmaceutical products

Pharmaceutical products using DehydraTECH with CBD as an API have never been approved for the treatment of any disease.

Some of the pharmaceutical product candidates that we intend to develop may contain CBD and/or THC. To date the FDA has approved only limited use of cannabinoids for the treatment of any disease or condition. The FDA has approved one cannabinoid-derived drug product for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome and three synthetic cannabinoid-related drug products for the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. While we expect any product candidates that we develop will be regulated as a new drug under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, the FDA could decide to regulate them or any other products incorporating DehydraTECH under a different regulatory regime. The lack of policies, practices or guidelines may hinder or slow review by the FDA of any regulatory filings that we may submit. Moreover, the FDA may respond to these submissions by defining requirements that we may not have anticipated.

(iii) Risks related to controlled substances

Hemp-based CBD can be confused with marijuana-based CBD which remains illegal under federal law.

In conjunction with the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the “Farm Bill”), the FDA released a statement about the status of CBD as a nutritional supplement, and the agency’s actions in the short term with regards to CBD will guide the industry. The regulation of CBD products is currently in constant flux and any difficulties in compliance with future government regulation could increase our operating costs and adversely impact our results of operations in future periods. Furthermore, violations of these laws, or alleged violations, could disrupt our business or the business of our licensees and result in a material adverse effect on our operations. We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, or applications, and it is possible that regulations may be enacted in the future that will be directly applicable to our business.

In addition, the interstate shipment of hemp-derived CBD from one state to another is legal only where both states have laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of such products and that qualify under the Farm Bill. Therefore, the marketing and sale of DehydraTECH products containing hemp-derived CBD is limited by such factors and is restricted to such states. A repeal or adverse amendment of laws and regulations that are now favorable to the distribution, marketing, and sale of finished products our licensees intend to sell could significantly limit, restrict or prevent us from generating revenue related to DehydraTECH technology-enabled products that contain hemp-derived CBD. Any such repeal or adverse amendment of now favorable laws and regulations could have an adverse impact on our business plan with respect to such revenues

Controlled substance legislation differs between counties, states and countries and legislation in certain countries may restrict or limit our ability to develop and commercialize products using DehydraTECH.

We currently have licensees who produce hemp-derived CBD products. The Farm Bill delegates the authority to the states to regulate and limit the production of hemp and hemp-derived products within their territories. Although many states have adopted laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of hemp and hemp-derived products under certain circumstances, no assurance can be given that such state laws may not be repealed or amended such that our intended products containing hemp-derived CBD would once again be deemed illegal under the laws of one or more states now permitting such products, which in turn would render such intended products illegal in those states under federal law even if the federal law is unchanged. In the event of either repeal of federal or of state laws and regulations, or of amendments thereto that are averse to our or our licensee’s products, we may be adversely impacted with respect to DehydraTECH-enabled CBD product revenue or royalties.

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Although Lexaria does not sell any marijuana or marijuana-based CBD, under its discontinued business operations, its former licensee’s products could be treated as being illegal under federal or state authorities.

Lexaria has discontinued business operations which had ancillary involvement exposure via out-licensing of its intellectual property to licensees that may utilize DehydraTECH in the production of products that contain contents which are locally or state approved but federally controlled. Where licensee’s products contain controlled contents any revenue streams from such licensee’s may be interrupted by regulatory involvement in their business.

D. Risks Associated with Securities Markets and Ownership of our Common Stock

(i) Risks related to pricing volatility of common stock and warrants

The trading price of the shares of our common stock could be highly volatile and as such investors could incur substantial losses.

Prospects for companies in the biotechnology industry may be regarded generally as uncertain given the nature of the industry and, accordingly, investments in biotechnology companies should be regarded as speculative. We have experienced erratic share-price and trading volume movement of our common stock which could be influenced by any number of factors which include the Risk Factors discussed in this section of the Report on 10-K and many others. In general, trading stocks on any market and particularly in stocks of bioscience companies can be characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices, due to many factors that may be unrelated to the operating performance or business prospects of any particular company.

We have warrants that are listed on the Nasdaq pursuant to our January 2021 underwritten offering but they do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on their holders, such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of common stock at a fixed price. Upon exercise of a warrant, a holder will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder as to the security exercised only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise. Although the warrants from the Company’s underwritten offering are currently trading on Nasdaq, there can be no assurance that there will be an active trading market for the warrants. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the warrants will be limited.

(ii) Risks related to strategic transactions

Our by-laws do not contain anti-takeover provisions, which could result in a change of our management, directors and directors if there is a take-over of our company.

We do not currently have a shareholder rights plan or any anti-takeover provisions in our by-laws. Without any anti-takeover provisions, there is no deterrent for a take-over of our Company, which may result in a change in our management and/or directors.

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(iii) Risks related to non-payment of dividends and dilution

Because we do not intend to pay any dividends on our shares, investors seeking dividend income or liquidity should not purchase our shares.

We have not declared or paid any dividends on our shares since inception, and do not anticipate paying any such dividends for the foreseeable future. We presently do not anticipate that we will pay dividends on any of our common stock in the foreseeable future. If payment of dividends does occur at some point in the future, it would be contingent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements, and general financial condition. The payment of any common stock dividends will be within the discretion of our Board of directors. We presently intend to retain all earnings to implement our business plan; accordingly, we do not anticipate the declaration of any dividends for common stock in the foreseeable future. Investors seeking dividend income or liquidity should not invest in our shares.

Because we can issue additional shares, purchasers of our shares may incur immediate dilution and may experience further dilution.

We are authorized to issue up to 220,000,000 shares. The board of directors of our Company has the authority to approve additional share issuances, and to determine the rights, preferences, and privileges of such shares, without consent of any of our stockholders. Consequently, our stockholders may experience more dilution in their ownership of our Company in the future.

(iv) Risks related to smaller reporting company compliance

We are a “smaller reporting company” under the SEC’s disclosure rules and have elected to comply with the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies.

We are a “smaller reporting company” under the SEC’s disclosure rules, meaning that we have either:

· a public float of less than $250 million; or

○ no public float; or

○ a public float of less than $700 million.

As a smaller reporting company, we are permitted to comply with scaled-back disclosure obligations in our SEC filings compared to other issuers, including with respect to disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. We have elected to adopt the accommodations available to smaller reporting companies. Until we cease to be a smaller reporting company, the scaled-back disclosure in our SEC filings will result in less information about our company being available than for other public companies. If investors consider our common shares less attractive as a result of our election to use the scaled-back disclosure permitted for smaller reporting companies, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and our share price may be more volatile.

We are also a non-accelerated filer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Therefore, our internal controls over financial reporting will not receive the level of review provided by the process relating to the auditor attestation included in annual reports of issuers that are subject to the auditor attestation requirements. In addition, we cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive because we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements. If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and trading price for our common shares may be negatively affected.

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Operating as a public company, we incur increased costs and our management is required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices.

As a public company we have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant legal, accounting, and other fees related to our compliance measures under the listing requirements of SEC, Nasdaq, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ("Sarbanes-Oxley"), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform, British Columbia Securities Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, FINRA and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Our management devotes a substantial amount of time towards maintaining compliance with these requirements including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. These requirements increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. The increased costs could impact our results of operations, and may require us to reduce costs in other areas of our business or increase the prices of our products or services. We cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to these requirements. The impact of these requirements and other requirements could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our Board of directors, our board committees, or as executive officers.

E. General Risks

Obtaining and maintaining patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.

The USPTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with their procedural, documentary, fee payment and other provisions during the patent application process. Periodic maintenance fees on issued patents often must be paid to the USPTO and foreign patent agencies over the lifetime of each patent. While an unintentional lapse can in many cases be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules, there are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. Non-compliance events that could result in abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application include, but are not limited to, failure to respond to official actions within prescribed time limits, non-payment of fees and failure to properly legalize and submit formal documents. If we fail to maintain the patents and patent applications covering our intellectual property, we may not be able to stop a competitor from utilizing our Technology, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

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We face risks related to our collection and use of data, disruptions or failures of our information technology systems or breaches of information security that could adversely affect our business and operations.

Our internal computer systems and those of our CROs and other contractors and consultants are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, unauthorized CRO access, telecommunication and electrical failures, and natural disasters. If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our R&D programs. We depend on digital technologies for the successful operation of our business, including corporate email communications to and from employees, licensees, consultants and third-party providers, collection, use and retention of investor data, security systems with respect to our Health Canada licensed laboratory and maintenance of confidential information.

As part of our business model, we collect, retain, and transmit confidential information over public networks. We have enterprise class and industry comparable security measures in place to protect both our physical facilities and digital systems from attacks. Despite these efforts, however, we may be vulnerable to targeted or random personal data or security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer malware, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors, or other similar events. Awareness and sensitivity to personal data breaches and cyber security threats is at an all-time high. Any misappropriation of confidential or personal information gathered, stored or used by us, be it intentional or accidental, could have a material impact on the operation of our business, including severely damaging our reputation and our relationships with our licensees, employees and investors. We may incur further significant costs implementing additional security measures to protect against new or enhanced data security or privacy threats, or to comply with current and new international, federal, and state laws governing the unauthorized disclosure of confidential and personal information which are continuously being enacted and proposed. We could also experience loss of revenues resulting from unauthorized use of proprietary information including our intellectual property. We could also face sizable fines, significant breach containment and notification costs to supervisory authorities and the affected data subjects, and increased litigation as a result of cyber security or personal data breaches.

If we are unable to hire and retain qualified personnel, we may not be able to implement our business plan successfully.

In developing DehydraTECH, we rely upon our employees, consultants, contractors, and collaborators. Our current business prospects are dependent on the principal members of our executive team, the loss of whose services could make it difficult for us to manage our business successfully and achieve our business objectives. Our ability to identify, attract, integrate, and retain additional qualified key personnel is critical to our success. Competition for skilled research, product development, regulatory and technical personnel is intense, and we may not be able to recruit and retain the personnel we need. The loss of the services of any key research, product development, regulatory and technical personnel, or our inability to hire new personnel with the requisite skills, could restrict our ability to carry out our R&D programs and/or develop our product candidates. Because we are a smaller reporting entity, the loss of any key personnel could result in more severe disruption to our operations than it would to a larger company, since of necessity each person in a small company carries relatively greater duties responsibilities than that person would in a larger company.

We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants, or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets.

We employ, and may employ in the future, individuals who were previously employed at other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors which is common in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Although we have policies that dissuade our employees, consultants and independent contractors in the use of any proprietary information or know-how of their previous employers in their employment with us, we could be subject to claims that the Company or our employees, consultants or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims and the failure to defend against such claims, could result in the loss of valuable intellectual property rights or personnel in addition to suffering monetary damages. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and which could adversely impact our business.

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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

Description of Property

Our executive offices and research lab are located in a leased facility in Kelowna, British Columbia Canada, consisting of approximately 2,250 square feet of office space to accommodate our finance and administrative functions as well as approximately 1,000 square feet of laboratory space accommodating our in-house research and development. The lease for our Kelowna offices commenced in November 2019 and is scheduled to expire November 2023. Subject to the terms and conditions of the lease, we may extend the term of the lease for another five years. Our facilities are in excellent condition and adequate for their current use.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We know of no other material, existing or pending legal proceedings against our Company, nor are we involved as a plaintiff in any other material proceeding or pending litigation. There are no other proceedings in which any of our directors, executive officers, or affiliates, or any registered or beneficial stockholder, is an adverse party or has a material interest adverse to our interest.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Effective January 12, 2021, the Company’s common stock and warrants began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Markets under the symbols “LEXX” and “LEXXW”, respectively. Prior to this date the Company’s common stock was quoted on the OTCQX under the symbol “LXRP.” Our common shares were also quoted on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the symbol “LXX” until July 8, 2021. Since Lexaria's shares began trading on the Nasdaq, the overwhelming majority of trading has moved to Nasdaq, providing greater liquidity for shareholders. The Company expects to realize savings in fees and managerial time and effort that were required to maintain a dual listing that can now be redirected into the Company's applied research and development programs, further advancing the business of the Company. For these reasons, Lexaria's management team and Board of directors have made the decision to voluntarily delist from the CSE, consolidating the trading of its shares to Nasdaq.

The stock market in general has experienced extreme stock price fluctuations in the past few years. In some cases, these fluctuations have been unrelated to the operating performance of the affected companies. Many companies have experienced dramatic volatility in the market prices of their common stock. The Company believes that several factors, both within and outside of its control, could cause the price of the Company’s common stock to fluctuate.

The following quotations, obtained from Yahoo Finance, reflect the high and low bids, up to the first quarter of our 2021 fiscal year, for our common shares as quoted on the OTCQX and Nasdaq stock markets, based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions. Thereafter, the high and low bids for the balance of the 2021 fiscal year represent trades of our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Markets.

All share and per-share amounts presented have been retroactively adjusted for all periods represented to reflect the 1-for-30 reverse stock split effected January 11, 2021.

High Low

There were 5,726,699 common shares issued and outstanding as of August 31, 2021 (3,001,476 at August 31, 2020). As of November 25, 2021 there were approximately [49] shareholders of record.

Dividend Policy

We have not paid any and have no present intention of paying any dividends on our capital stock. Our current policy is to retain earnings, if any, for use in our operations and in the development of our business. As a result, we anticipate that only appreciation of the price of our common stock, if any, will provide a return to investors for at least the foreseeable future.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Other than set out below, we did not sell any equity securities which were not registered under the Securities Act during the year ended August 31, 2021, that were not otherwise disclosed on our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or our current reports on Form 8-K filed during the year ended August 31, 2021. A summary of the activity is set out in the table below:

Type of Issuance Number of Shares Total Value $

(1) The Company awarded the restricted common shares as required by consulting contracts.

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Warrants

There were 610,189 warrants at a strike price of $6.58 exercised during the year ended August 31, 2021.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

We have no long-term incentive plans other than the equity incentive plan described below.

Equity Incentive Plan

During the year ended August 31, 2021, the Company cancelled its 2014 Stock Option Plan. The 2007 and 2010 option plans were cancelled during the year ended August 2020. All future option issuances shall be made under the Equity Incentive Plan.

The Board may, subject to the approval of any regulatory authority whose approval is required, amend, suspend or terminate this Plan or any portion thereof. No such amendment, suspension or termination shall alter or impair any outstanding unexercised Options or any rights without the consent of such Participant. If this Plan is suspended or terminated, the provisions of this Plan and any administrative guidelines, rules and regulations relating to this Plan shall continue in effect for the duration of such time as any Option remains outstanding.

Securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans

(a) (b) (c)

Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders Nil Nil Nil

Convertible Securities

During the year ended August 31, 2021, pursuant to the Equity Incentive Plan the Company granted stock options to directors, officers, employees, and consultants that enable the option holders to purchase an aggregate of up to 84,900 common shares of the Company at prices of: 3,400 at $4.80, 38,500 at $5.31, 26,000 at $5.83, 5,000 at $5.31 vesting after one year and 12,000 at $5.04 vesting over three years. All options have a 5-year term. The 159,835 options vested have a fair value of $328,801 using the Black Scholes valuation method and were included in consulting and wages expense during the year.

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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

We did not purchase any of our shares of common stock or other securities during our fiscal year ended August 31, 2021.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

As a “Smaller Reporting Company”, this Item and the related disclosure is not required.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve not only risks and uncertainties but also changes in condition, significance, value and other factors, as described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, that could cause our actual results of operations, performance, financial position and business prospects and opportunities for this fiscal year and the periods that follow to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, those forward-looking statements. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes related thereto that appear elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) is provided to enhance the readers understanding of our results of operations and financial condition for the year ended August 31, 2021, and in comparison, to the year ended August 31, 2020.

Executive Summary

Lexaria’s patented technology DehydraTECH improves the delivery of bioactive compounds while promoting healthy ingestion methods, lowers overall dosing, and is highly effective in active molecule delivery available in a range of formats from oral ingestible to oral buccal/sublingual to topical products. DehydraTECH substantially improves the rapidity and quantity of API transport to the blood plasma and brain using the body’s natural process for distributing fatty acids via the oral route. This technology extends across many categories beyond the primary pharmaceutical focus of the Company from foods and beverages to cosmetic products and nutraceuticals.

Lexaria is advancing a several R&D activities in both preclinical and clinical programs. Currently, our program is investigating cannabidiol (CBD) for the reduction of hypertension with three human clinical trials during calendar 2021, and one human clinical trial planned during calendar 2022. Other programs include nicotine for oral pouches and nicotine replacement therapy, antivirals and related compounds for COVID-19 and other viral diseases, PDE5 inhibitors, NSAIDS, hormones, and others. From time to time the Company will engage in contract R&D for third parties who are interested in in evaluating DehydraTECH in their products.

Evaluate the financial condition and operating performance

Fiscal 2021 was highlighted by the intensified direction of our research and development programs as we scale up our research based on the continued confirmatory results from our ongoing programs. During the year ended August 31, 2021, we completed ten studies and initiated a further seven. These programs have been supported by the capital infusion as Lexaria raised approximately $15m in funding during the year which has enabled the active work programs of 2021 and supports significant advance in the fields of heart disease and hypertension, oral nicotine, and antiviral research.

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We consider advancing our applied R&D studies as a vital step towards our goal of establishing commercial relationships with potential industry partners who can utilizes DehydraTECH within our existing or new product lines. We continue to conduct additional in vitro and in-vivo studies testing the absorption of some or all of the molecules named within our patent applications – CBD, NSAIDs, vitamins, PDE5 inhibitors, nicotine and anti-viral drugs – to further substantiate the effectiveness of DehydraTECH. Successful tests are expected to increase awareness and acceptance of DehydraTECH as a meaningful method by which to deliver some or all of the named molecules more effectively than current delivery methods avail. Therefore, absorption tests are an important element leading towards higher rates of acceptance and implementation of our technology licensing initiatives.

We will pursue technology licensing opportunities as a method of generating highly profitable revenue streams over long periods of time. In addition, while nine of our US patents and eight of our Australian patents have been granted to date, we have multiple other applications filed in the US and around the world. It is not possible to forecast with certainty when, or if, our remaining patents pending will become granted patents. But if our remaining patent applications do become granted patents, our ability to generate meaningful license revenue from our intellectual property may increase in a short period of time.

Lexaria is debt free and expects its current cash reserves to meet all its needs for the twelve months following the release of this report. As such the budget for applied R&D during fiscal 2022 is fully funded. The Company plans to seek strategic corporate business partners for many of its specific drug investigations after sufficient data has been generated which, if successful, could generate any combination of up-front milestone and/or royalty payments to the Company.

We will continue to pursue patent protection in more than 40 countries around the world as vigorously as we are able, since the successful granting of more of those applications could lead to material increases in shareholder value.

We expect to devote an increasing proportion of our resources and focus towards pharmaceutical applications and launched operations in this division during the 2022 fiscal year. Our past R&D in other sectors has contributed greatly to our understanding of DehydraTECH and has encouraged us to attempt to reach more lucrative commercial applications in the pharmaceutical sector

We continue to communicate the benefits of DehydraTECH to potential licensing partners, i.e. with higher absorption levels a manufacturer could perhaps infuse smaller amounts of active molecules into a product, thus reducing their manufacturing input costs, to provide higher bioavailability with the dosing limits being imposed or contemplated in many jurisdictions, to infuse consumer products while masking the flavor and smell of the active molecules, and predictable delivery times. We believe these to be meaningful competitive advantages that may lead to the potential to generate licensing revenue, and will pursue these opportunities within the cannabinoids, nicotine and other bioactive molecular markets both within the USA and also internationally, in those locations where they are legal and regulated by government.

Asset Sale

On December 9, 2020, Lexaria CanPharm ULC (“CanPharm”) completed a disposition (the “Disposition”) of its use and licensing rights to use its DehydraTECH technology (the “Assets”) specifically in association with non-pharmaceutical products containing cannabis molecules that contain 0.3% or greater THC. The purpose of the Disposition was to remove the Company’s association with cannabis as it remains a Schedule 1 Drug and thereby eliminating any such regulatory restrictions cannabis products may create. The Disposition assisted the Company in obtaining a listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) on January 12, 2021. As a result of the Disposition, CanPharm assigned to the purchaser Hill Street license agreements with three existing non-related party licensees.

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In consideration for the Assets, Hill Street provided CanPharm with C$350,000 cash, a promissory note bearing a principal amount of C$2,000,000 and bearing an interest rate of 10% (the “Note”) and C$1,500,000 in shares of Hill Street, issuable in three tranches by April 9, 2022. The repayment of the Note does not have a fixed maturity date and is based on quarterly installments equal to 5% of the gross sales realized by Hill Street of DehydraTECH enabled products. Due to the uncertainty pertaining to the settlement of the Note, management concluded that the note had $NIL value at the time of the sale and was recorded as such. Some of the factors considered in the $Nil valuation of the Note were that the legal sales of THC products in the US and Canada have little or no history which made the expectant quarterly payments very difficult to forecast. Further, Hill Street had no experience selling THC products and at the time of the sale was not licenced to produce and sell such products. Therefore, the Company considered risk of default high and the collectability of the Note as highly doubtful. Since the date of sale Hill Street has repaid $4,854 in the year-ended August 31, 2021. Subsequent to fiscal 2021, the Company has received a further $6,632 payment toward the balance of the Note. These amounts are considered interest income when received.

Reverse Stock Split

On January 11, 2021, the Company filed an amendment and restatement of its articles of incorporation to effectuate a 1-for-30 reverse stock split of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company. The purpose of the reverse stock split was to meet Nasdaq’s minimum stock price requirement. The reverse stock split did not change the number of authorized shares of common stock, which remains at 220,000,000 shares. All warrants, options, share and per share information in this Report gives retroactive effect to the 1-for-30 reverse stock split.

Public Offering

On January 14, 2021, the Company closed an underwritten public offering with the issuance of 2,102,856 shares of the Company’s common stock price of $5.25 per share with an equivalent number of five-year warrant at an exercise price of $6.58. Additionally, 227,161 Representative Warrants were issued as partial consideration to the underwriters of the offering that have a five-year term at an exercise price of $6.58. Net of fees and disbursements, the Company received net proceeds of $9,471,497. The Company plans to use approximately $3,700,000 of the net proceeds for research and development studies and the patent and legal costs associated thereto, with the remaining net proceeds to be used for general working capital purposes.

LEXX Market Listing

The Company’s common stock was uplisted from trading on the OTCQX under “LXRP” to the Nasdaq Capital Market where our common stock and warrants began trading under the symbols “LEXX” and “LEXXW”, respectively, effective as of the opening of market trading on January 12, 2021.

The Company, trading under the symbol “LXX”, voluntary delisted from the Canadian Securities Exchanges (“CSE”) effective after the closing of trading on Wednesday, July 7, 2021. The overwhelming majority of trading has moved to Nasdaq and by delisting from the CSE the Company expects to realize savings in fees and managerial time and effort that had been required to maintain a dual listing.

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Results of Operations for our Year Ended August 31, 2021

Our net loss from operations for the year ended August 31, 2021, was $5,686,852 (2020 - $4,084,613). The changes between these periods for the respective items are summarized as follows:

$ $ $

Revenue

Lexaria’s business operations include technology licensing agreements wherein corporate licensees implement DehydraTECH under license within our facilities under royalty agreements and also includes corporate clients that purchase pre-processed DehydraTECH CBD-powders manufactures at a Lexaria -contracted GMP-certified food facility for shipment back to the client for integration into their final product formats. Fees payable to the Company contain a mixture of both manufacturing charges as well as royalty and trademark fees.

The primary source of revenues for the Company are derived from Lexaria Hemp where sales of B2B processing of intermediary product saw an increase of approximately 153% (2021 - $383,179, 2020 – $151,634) in the year and contributed approximately 53% of the 2021 annual revenues.

Lexaria developed a line of demonstration oral-delivered products that were utilized to show the efficacy of DehydraTECH and enabled the ability of manufacturers to incorporate the technology into their product lines. We earlier offered these products for sale to consumers through our web-based sales platform. During the year-ended August 31, 2021 we discontinued these direct-to-consumer demonstration products and closed our web sales platform in order to intensify our efforts on B2B production.

During the year the Company sold the underlying assets of its THC-related business to Hill Street, a Canadian company that is now producing and selling THC infused products using the DehydraTECH technology in Canada with planned expansion into the US. Lexaria’s gross revenues from this discontinued operation were $3,000 in fiscal 2021, and $69,750 in fiscal 2020.

Licensing revenues, particularly usage fees, increased more than 40% in the year ended August 31, 2021 (2021 $334,974 – 2020 $232,909) and correspond in part to the increased B2B product sales. Licensing revenues generally deliver much higher gross profit margins than do product revenues. During the year ended August 31, 2021, the Company also generated $86,921 (2020- $Nil) from R&D contracts.

During the year ended August 31, 2021, the Company renegotiated a contract with one of our existing licensees who held an exclusive territorial use of our DehydraTECH technology. Due in part to logistical constraints, the customer has agreed to relinquish territorial exclusivity and has continued to use our technology under licence. Revenues of $101,000 were conceded by the Company in the revision of terms.

In fiscal 2022 the Company expects to derive increased revenues from technology licensing to third parties as market demand for Hemp based products increase and supply chain logistics improve. The expansion of our intellectual property portfolio and conducting supportive R&D will jointly contribute to strengthening revenue prospects.

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Research and Development