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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For The Transition Period From To

Commission file number: 001-39572

EVgo Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (877) 494-3833

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class Trading Symbol(s) Name Of Each Exchange on which registered

Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value EVGO NASDAQ

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically; every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.0405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 232.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Based on the closing price as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Class A common stock held by non-affiliates on June 30, 2021 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $315.7 million. Shares of Class A common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each shareholder affiliated with a director or an executive officer have been excluded from this calculation because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. As of March 15, 2022, the Registrant had 68,739,480 shares of Class A common stock and 195,800,000 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of the proxy statement for the registrant’s 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III herein.

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Page

PART I

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements 3

Frequently Used Terms 4

Item 1. Business 6

Item 1A. Risk Factors 19

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 49

Item 2. Properties 49

Item 3. Legal Proceedings 50

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 50

PART II

Item 6. [Reserved] 51

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 71

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 72

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 121

Item 9B. Other Information 122

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 123

Item 11. Executive Compensation 123

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 123

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 124

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”), including "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7, contains statements that are forward-looking and as such are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding future financial performance, business strategies, expansion plans, future results of operations, estimated revenues, losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management. These forward-looking statements are based on EVgo’s current expectations, estimates, projections and beliefs, as well as a number of assumptions concerning future events, and are not guarantees of performance. Such statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. When used in this Annual Report, words such as “may,” “might,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” “project” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report may include, for example, statements about:

● changes adversely affecting EVgo’s business;

● fluctuations in EVgo’s revenue and operating results;

● competition from existing and new competitors;

● the growth of the electric vehicle market;

● EVgo’s ability to integrate any businesses it acquires;

● EVgo’s ability to recruit and retain experienced personnel;

● risks related to legal proceedings or claims, including liability claims;

● EVgo’s dependence on third-party contractors to provide various services;

● EVgo’s ability to obtain additional capital on commercially reasonable terms;

EVgo’s SEC filings are available publicly on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report are based on EVgo’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting EVgo will be those that the Company has anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond EVgo’s control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of EVgo’s assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. Accordingly, forward-looking statements in this Annual Report and in any document incorporated herein by reference should not be relied upon as representing EVgo’s views as of any subsequent date, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

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FREQUENTLY USED TERMS

Unless the context indicates otherwise, the following terms have the following meanings when used in this Annual Report:

“AC” means alternating current.

“A&R Nomination Agreement” means the amended and restated nomination agreement entered into on March 24, 2022, by and between the Company and EVgo Holdings, amending and restating the Nomination Agreement.

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of EVgo Inc.

“Business Combination Agreement” means that business combination agreement entered into on January 21, 2021 by and among CRIS, Thunder Sub and the EVgo Parties, as may be amended from time to time.

“Class A common stock” means Class A common stock of EVgo Inc., par value $0.0001 per share.

“Class B common stock” means Class B common stock of EVgo Inc., par value $0.0001 per share.

“Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

“common stock” means Class A common stock and Class B common stock.

“Company Group” means EVgo Inc., Thunder Sub or any of their subsidiaries (other than EVgo OpCo and its subsidiaries).

“CRIS” means Climate Change Crisis Real Impact I Acquisition Corporation.

“CRIS Business Combination” means the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.

“CRISClose Date” means the closing of the CRIS Business Combination.

“DCFC” means direct current fast charging.

“ESG” means environmental, social and governance matters.

“EVgo” means EVgo Inc. and its subsidiaries.

“EVgoHoldco” means EVgo Holdco, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“EVgoHoldings” means EVgo Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“EVgoOpCo” means EVgo OpCo, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“EVgoOpCo A&R LLC Agreement” means the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of EVgo OpCo entered into on July 1, 2021.

“EVgo OpCo Units” means the equity interests of EVgo OpCo.

“EVgo Parties” means EVgo OpCo, EVgo Holdco and EVgo Holdings.

“EVgo Services” means EVgo Services LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“GAAP” means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, consistently applied, as in effect from time to time.

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“Initial Public Offering” means CRIS’s initial public offering of units consummated on October 2, 2020.

“IRS” means the Internal Revenue Service.

“JOBS Act” means the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended.

“LLC Interests” means the limited liability interests of EVgo Holdings.

“LS Power” means LS Power Equity Partners IV, L.P. and its affiliates, unless the context otherwise requires.

“Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Global Select Market.

“Nomination Agreement” means the nomination agreement entered into on July 1, 2021, by and between the Company and EVgo Holdings, pursuant to which EVgo Holdings has certain director nomination rights.

“NYSE” means The New York Stock Exchange.

“PIMCO” means Pacific Investment Management Company LLC.

“PIPE” means the sale of 40,000,000 shares of Class A common stock to the PIPE Investors, for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $400,000,000, in a private placement.

“PIPE Investors” means investors in the PIPE.

“Predecessor” means EVgo Services.

“Private Placement Warrants” means the 6,600,000 warrants purchased by the Sponsor in a private placement simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, each of which is exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share, at a price of $1.00 per warrant, generating gross proceeds of $6,600,000.

“Public Warrants” means the 11,499,988 redeemable warrants sold as part of the units in the Initial Public Offering.

“Recargo” means EVgo Recargo, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“Recargo Acquisition Date” means July 9, 2021, the date EVgo and Recargo entered into the Recargo Agreement.

“Recargo Agreement” means the stock purchase agreement entered into between EVgo and Recargo on the Recargo Acquisition Date.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Sponsor” means CRIS’s sponsor, Climate Change Crisis Real Impact I Acquisition Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“Sponsor Agreement” means the letter agreement entered into concurrently with the Business Combination Agreement by and among CRIS, the co-investors, the Sponsor and the other initial stockholders, pursuant to which the Sponsor, other initial stockholders and the co-investors agreed, among other things, to vote all of their shares of common stock held or subsequently acquired by them in favor of the approval of the CRIS Business Combination.

“Successor” means EVgo.

“Tax Receivable Agreement” means the tax receivable agreement, entered into on the CRIS Close Date, by and among CRIS, Thunder Sub, EVgo Holdings and LS Power Equity Advisors, LLC, as agent.

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “EVgo” and the “Company” refer to EVgo Inc. and all of its subsidiaries.

Overview

EVgo owns and operates the United States’ largest public direct current (“DC”) fast charging network by number of locations and the first to be powered by 100% renewable electricity through the use of renewable energy certificates (“RECs”). Founded in 2010 and a pioneer in fast charging, EVgo’s network of charging stations provides electric vehicle (“EV”) charging infrastructure to consumers and businesses. With a rapid rise in electrification expected over the next two decades, EVgo offers essential infrastructure technology and services required to help the world transition to a cleaner, more sustainable future.

EVgo has been a leader and innovator in the EV charging space and is well positioned to continue to capitalize on its sustainable first mover and first learner advantages as EV adoption accelerates. More than 130 million people in the U.S. live within a 10-mile drive of one of EVgo’s fast charging stations, and the Company’s network is capable of charging all EV models and charging standards currently available in the U.S. The Company partners with automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), national and regional chains of grocery stores, hotels, shopping centers, gas stations, parking lot operators, local governments and independent property owners in order to locate and deploy its EV charging infrastructure.

EVgo has a flexible business model that derives value through multiple revenue streams. The foundation of the Company’s business is the development and operation of EV charging sites through which it dispenses electricity to EVs driven by individuals, commercial drivers, and fleet operators. EVgo is prioritizing the build out of ultra-fast chargers, a key market segment that is expected to grow faster than the overall EV charging market. See “— Suppliers and Service Providers — Electricity.” To take advantage of the expected rapid growth in the number of EVs on the road in the United States, the Company is rapidly expanding its network of charging stations, focusing on development of locations with favorable traffic, utilization, and financial return characteristics. The Company’s proprietary technology and analytical tools, along with its extensive commercial partnerships with OEMs, fleets, and governments, provide a strong competitive edge as it selects, designs and develops new charging stations. Furthermore, EVgo’s robust underwriting standards require each station in its portfolio to meet or exceed pre-defined internal rate of return and multiple on invested capital criteria before project approval, which are expected to improve overall results further as EV adoption increases.

EVgo’s partnerships and collaboration with a wide range of automotive OEMs, rideshare operators, and other channel partners incentivize and accelerate EV adoption across the U.S. EVgo’s joint efforts with renowned brands across automotive, rideshare, retail, fleet and other industries have powered more than 300 million electric miles on the EVgo network. Total miles delivered is equal to the number of kWh EVgo has dispensed multiplied by the number of miles the average EV receives from a single kWh (“vehicle efficiency”). The weighted average vehicle efficiency from all vehicles compatible with the EVgo network in operation at the end of each year is based on data from Experian and the U.S. Department of Energy. The weighted average vehicle efficiency is applied to the EVgo kWh dispensed in the associated period.

EVgo also serves the rapidly growing EV fleet segment. The Company develops and deploys fleet-charging solutions for light-, medium-, and heavy-duty EV fleets, which represent high volume, repeat customers. Reliable and flexible charging is essential to fleet electrification. EVgo is developing, building, operating and servicing charging assets for fleets at their own depot locations, at off-site charging hubs that EVgo has secured, or via EVgo’s expansive public network. In addition, EVgo may integrate proprietary EVgo OptimaTM software to connect to a fleet’s logistics platform. To date, fleet contracts have often included guaranteed payment streams in exchange for guaranteed network access, which benefits both EVgo and a fleet operator. Whether EVgo retains ownership of the charging infrastructure itself will depend on the terms and conditions of the commercial arrangement with the particular fleet.

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To rapidly expand its network, EVgo also offers a white label solution – EVgo eXtendTM – that helps partners invest in and build EV charging stations for their customers. Through EVgo eXtendTM, EVgo leverages its decade-plus track record of operational experience and site design, helping businesses develop charging assets that are serviced through EVgo’s national network. EVgo eXtendTM generates revenue from the site development, engineering and construction of the stations, as well as ongoing revenue through operations, networking, and maintenance of those sites.

In addition to the provision of EV charging infrastructure, EVgo is continuing to develop and deploy innovative software-based, value-added services to drivers and partners. These offerings enhance the customer experience across EVgo’s business segments by layering proprietary technology functionality on top of its leading charging network, with the intention of widening EVgo’s competitive moat and providing accretive revenue streams. In 2021, EVgo developed and deployed regional time-of-use per kilowatt-hour pricing across its California public network, expanded the EVgo reservations offering to more metropolitan markets across the U.S., integrated reservations into the newest subscription pricing plan, EVgo Plus, in California, and extended its EVgo RewardsTM driver loyalty program. In December 2021, EVgo launched a new, customizable mobile app to make charging simple for EV drivers, delivering a user experience that makes switching to an EV more inviting.

Further strengthening its software capability, in 2021 EVgo acquired PlugShare® through its acquisition of Recargo. PlugShare® is the leading global platform for EV drivers to locate and provide information relating to charging stations and provide feedback on their charging experiences, while leveraging tools like Pay With PlugShare® and EV Trip Planner. Beyond its services to EV drivers, PlugShare® delivers data to automakers and other customers through the PlugShare® API and manages the world’s largest EV driver research panel through PlugInsights. EVgo grew its advertising reach through PlugShare®, serving 28 million advertising impressions globally in 2021.

Company History

EVgo Services was formed in October 2010 as NRG EV Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of NRG Energy, Inc. (“NRG”), an integrated power company based in Houston, Texas. EVgo began operations in 2011 as a subsidiary of NRG. On June 17, 2016, NRG sold a majority interest in EVgo to Vision Ridge Partners. On January 16, 2020, a subsidiary of LS Power, a private equity investment vehicle focused on power and energy infrastructure, completed its acquisition of EVgo.

The Company was incorporated in Delaware on August 4, 2020 under the name “Climate Change Crisis Real Impact I Acquisition Corporation”. The Company was formed for the purposes of entering into a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Initial Business Combination”).

On the CRIS Close Date, EVgo Holdco consummated the CRIS Business Combination, with CRIS, Thunder Sub, and the EVgo Parties pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement. Following the CRIS Close Date, the combined company is organized in an “Up-C” structure in which the business of EVgo Holdco and its subsidiaries are held by EVgo OpCo and continue to operate through the subsidiaries of EVgo Holdco, and in which the Company’s only direct assets consist of equity interests in Thunder Sub, which, in turn, holds only EVgo OpCo Units. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations—Overview—CRIS Business Combination” and Note 3 to the audited consolidated financial statements of EVgo included elsewhere in this Annual Report for more information.

On the Recargo Acquisition Date, the Company entered into the Recargo Agreement to acquire 100% of the outstanding common stock of Recargo, Inc. On December 29, 2021, Recargo, Inc. converted to Recargo. Recargo operates as a cloud-based data solutions provider in the electric vehicle sector and generates revenue through a variety of services that leverage its user base and its generated data. The Company believes that the acquisition of Recargo will allow it to expand its revenue base and will result in certain synergies within its operations.

Market Overview

The EV charging market is inextricably linked to the general market for EVs, which has experienced significant recent growth. In 2021, new EV registrations were approximately 475,000, an increase of 93% over 2020, according to the International Energy Agency. Market growth is driven by tailwinds such as increased EV model availability and

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performance, lower upfront prices for EVs, lower total cost of ownership (“TCO”) as compared to internal combustion engine (“ICE”) vehicles, increased range and availability of chargers, and Federal, state and local incentives and regulations. In response to the growing electrification trend, nearly all major automobile manufacturers have committed to the increased production of EV models, with approximately 40 EV models anticipated to be available in 2022 from nearly 20 manufacturers. Additionally, major automobile manufacturers have set aggressive targets for EV sales, with General Motors (“GM”) announcing aims to phase out ICE vehicle sales by 2035, Ford planning on 40%-50% of its global vehicle volume to be all-electric by 2030, Mercedes-Benz committing to be all electric by 2030, and Volvo committing to be all electric by 2030. According to forecasts from the United States Department of Transportation and Bloomberg New Energy Finance (“BNEF”), approximately 5.8 million EVs are expected to be on American roads by 2025, 25 million EVs by 2030 and 114 million by 2040, which would represent over 40% of all automobiles in the United States.

Automobile and battery manufacturers have substantially increased their efforts to offer EVs at a wide range of price points and to develop batteries with higher efficiencies and lower costs. According to Reuters, $515 billion has been invested or committed to EV investment in the next five to ten years by global automobile OEMs. Their investments will expand and put EVs and their associated technologies into mass production, which will underpin optimization of the global EV supply chain. Efforts to date by OEMs have already lowered the upfront costs of EVs, and with further price reductions expected over the next several model years. As measured in terms of TCO, certain classes of EVs are already at or below parity with their ICE counterparts. As overall EV costs decline, more makes and models will reach TCO parity with their ICE equivalents, and the TCO advantage for other types of EVs will expand.

In addition to price and TCO declines, widespread adoption of EVs will require consumer confidence in vehicle range, charger availability and increased model choice. Recent EV models, including the Chevrolet Bolt, Ford Mustang Mach-E, Nissan LEAF S Plus, Polestar 2, Hyundai Kona Electric, VW ID.4, Porsche Taycan 4S, Audi E-Tron, Volvo XC40, and Tesla Models 3/Y/S/X, have eclipsed the 200-mile range per battery, a significant improvement on earlier EV models. Researchers and automotive engineers expect that EV ranges will continue to improve as battery technologies advance and costs decline. Beyond increases in range, broadly expanded EV offerings in the sport utility vehicle (“SUV”), crossover utility vehicle, and pickup truck segments over the next three to five years will greatly expand the market appeal and reach of EVs and further accelerate adoption of EVs.

These advances are further bolstered by incentives and rebates offered by Federal, state, and local governments to encourage the use of EVs. In November 2021, Congress passed and the President signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, also known as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. Among other provisions, this legislation included up to $7.5 billion in funding for electric vehicle charging infrastructure through the Department of Transportation. The U.S. Federal government offers a tax credit for qualified plug-in EVs; the minimum credit is $2,500 and the maximum credit is $7,500, depending on vehicle weight and battery capacity. As currently configured in law, these credits begin to phase out when a vehicle manufacturer reaches certain production levels, and such credit has already been completely phased out for EVs manufactured by GM and Tesla. However, legislation under consideration in Congress, if enacted as currently proposed, would eliminate the manufacturer cap and expand the credit both for used and new electric vehicles. States including California, Colorado, Delaware, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York also offer various rebates, grants and tax credits to incentivize both EV and electric vehicle supply equipment (“EVSE”) purchases. EVs are also gaining momentum in the Midwest, and soon states like Illinois will also begin to offer vehicle and EVSE incentives.

Demand for EVs has also been encouraged by regulatory developments and changes in consumer habits. Several states — including California, Oregon, New Jersey, New York, Maryland and Massachusetts — have adopted or proposed mandates for EVs with an aggregate goal of reaching more than eight million EVs on the road by 2030. Additionally, California has enacted its Clean Miles Standard and Incentive Program (the “Clean Miles Standard”) aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation networking companies (“TNCs”), such as rideshare vehicles, through electrification and other means. In 2021, California also approved the Advanced Clean Truck (“ACT”) rule, a regulation that requires an increasing percentage of medium- and heavy-duty trucks sold in the state to be zero emissions. Washington, New York, New Jersey, and Oregon have also adopted the ACT rule. These regulations, combined with a shift toward car-sharing and mobility as a service offering, will rapidly accelerate EV adoption by fleets in the coming years.

EV charging demand is a direct result of the number of EVs operating during a given period, miles traveled by such EVs, and vehicle efficiency of such EVs. The market for fulfilling charging demand is bifurcated between high-powered DC fast and ultra-fast charging and lower powered Level 1 (defined below) and Level 2 (defined below) charging. The

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demand for different charging types is a function of the EV mix, owner demographics, locational factors, charger availability, pricing and EV use cases (e.g., private ownership, rideshare, delivery and municipally owned fleets, etc.). Lower-powered Level 1 and Level 2 charging is primarily used by EV owners with access to home or workplace charging and currently accounts for the majority of personal EV charging. Level 2 charging is also used by certain fleets that have the ability to charge overnight, have a low daily mileage requirement and return to a centralized location daily. Current DCFC customers are primarily those drivers who need to charge away from home in central business districts, those drivers who do not have access to home or workplace charging, or high-mileage fleets that seek to minimize downtime and maximize miles traveled.

Broadening demographics of EV owners, larger battery sizes, larger EVs with higher kilowatt-hour (“kWh”) usage per mile, increased EV penetration in medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications, and the proliferation of autonomous vehicle fleets will increase demand for DCFC faster than demand for overall EV charging. According to forecasts from BNEF, fast charging is expected to constitute more than 22% of all public EV charging demand by 2030 as compared to less than 10% in 2021.

While EVs are more readily available and may benefit from first-mover, supply chain and infrastructure availability advantages relative to other non-ICE vehicles, several alternative vehicle types are also being developed which rely on hydrogen, biodiesel or hybrid powertrains for alternatives to fossil fuels. Sales of such vehicles may reduce the number of drivers requiring EV charging infrastructure.

EV Chargers and Standards

Working with the charger manufacturing industry, EVgo has specified and deployed a next generation DC fast charging station architecture whereby modular power units are placed under software management and control, allowing power output to be shared dynamically between vehicles that are simultaneously connected to a charger. EVgo has successfully deployed this architecture and demonstrated that this dynamic power sharing technology reduces upfront capital and ongoing operating costs, maximizing return on investment, while increasing operational flexibility and lowering operating risk. This advanced architecture allows EVgo to meet increasing charging requirements of the future, including higher charging speeds, higher power provisioning, dynamic energy and demand management, access prioritization, queuing management and scheduling across different EV models, customer types and use cases. This modular software-defined design maximizes charger throughput, asset utilization and ease of future power augmentation while eliminating single points of failure risks and improving charger reliability and availability. It also maximizes the number of standardized equipment components, helping to accelerate the learning rate benefits and associated cost reductions of charging hardware over time, and improving the ability to offer higher value-added service offerings in the future.

As EVs proliferate in the transportation ecosystem, the industry is experiencing an ongoing shift toward the standardization of chargers and the introduction of new industry protocols for interoperability.

EV chargers do not come with a “one size fits all” dispenser. EV chargers are typically categorized by their ability to deliver instantaneous amounts of power — as measured in kilowatts (“kW”) — and their charging standards. Current designations based on power level include:

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In addition to supporting different charging capabilities, EVs in the United States use different charging standards and connector types. These standards are neither interchangeable nor interoperable (without specialized adaptors) and each utilizes a unique connector. Presently, all EV charging standards deliver energy through cables that connect the EV charging station directly to the vehicle using a port located on the exterior of the vehicle. There are currently three standards in use in the United States — CCS, CHAdeMO and Tesla.

Notwithstanding the variety of standards, EVgo’s chargers support all of the above fast charging options. EVgo’s charging stations typically contain both CCS and CHAdeMO cables. Additionally, certain EVgo charging sites offer integrated Tesla charging allowing Tesla drivers to charge without needing a separate adaptor. EVgo plans to expand the number of stations utilizing Tesla Connectors through both retrofits and new development in the near future. Continuing to develop access to seamless, integrated charging for all EV drivers is a core commitment of EVgo.

Products and Services

Retail Charging

The Company sells electricity directly to drivers who access EVgo’s publicly available networked chargers. Various pricing plans exist for customers, and drivers have the choice to charge as members (with monthly fees and reduced per minute or kWh pricing), through a subscription service, or as non-members. Drivers locate the chargers through EVgo’s mobile application, their vehicle’s in-dash navigation system, or third-party databases that license charger-location information from EVgo. EVgo’s chargers are installed in parking spaces owned or leased by commercial or public-entity property owners, landlords and/or tenants (collectively, the “Site Hosts”) that desire to provide charging services at their respective locations. Commercial Site Hosts include retail and grocery stores, offices, medical complexes, airports and convenience stores. EVgo’s offerings are well aligned with the goals of Site Hosts, as many commercial businesses increasingly view charging capabilities as essential to attract tenants, employees, customers and visitors, and achieve sustainability goals. Site Hosts are generally able to obtain these benefits at no cost when partnering with EVgo through the Company’s owner and/or operator model, in which EVgo is responsible for the installation and operation of chargers located on Site Hosts’ properties. In many cases, Site Hosts will earn revenue from license payments in the form of parking

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space rental fees that EVgo pays in exchange for use of the site. EVgo also offers a white label solution – EVgo eXtendTM – that enables Site Hosts to invest in EV charging stations for their customers that are operated and maintained by EVgo.

OEM Charging and Related Services

EVgo is a pioneer in OEM charging programs with revenue models to meet a wide variety of OEM objectives related to the availability of charging infrastructure and the provision of charging services for EV drivers. EVgo contracts directly with OEMs to provide charging services to drivers who have purchased or leased such OEMs’ EVs and who access EVgo’s public charger network. Other related services EVgo currently provides to OEMs include co-marketing, data services and digital application services. EVgo’s OEM relationships are a core customer-acquisition channel.

Commercial Charging

Fleet and Rideshare Public Charging

High volume fleet customers, such as TNCs or delivery services, can access charging infrastructure through EVgo’s vast public network. Pricing for charging services is most often negotiated directly with the fleet owner based on the business needs and usage patterns of the fleet. In these arrangements EVgo contracts with, and bills, either the fleet owner directly or an individual fleet driver utilizing EVgo’s chargers. Access to the EVgo public network allows fleet and rideshare operators to support mass adoption of transportation electrification and achieve sustainability goals without needing to directly invest capital in charging infrastructure or incur operating costs associated with charging equipment.

ChaaS and Fleet Dedicated Charging

In addition to offering access to its public network, EVgo offers dedicated charging solutions to fleets. Given the diverse nature of the fleet segment, with a wide range of vehicle types, duty cycles, geographic footprints, fleet sizes, and capitalization of the fleet operators, EVgo’s ChaaS and dedicated charging solutions are tailored to meet each fleet’s needs without requiring a fleet to directly incur capital expenditures or operating and management costs related to charging EVs. EVgo most typically builds, owns, and operates charging infrastructure for the exclusive use of a specific fleet customer and is currently offering flexible ownership models, including charging as a service (“ChaaS”). EVgo’s dedicated and ChaaS offerings provide a value proposition for fleets who lack the expertise and the capital to procure, install and manage charging infrastructure. EVgo offers a variety of pricing models for dedicated charging solutions, including a mix of volumetric commitments and variable and fixed payments for provision of charging services. Together, EVgo’s dedicated charging solutions and public fleet charging services provide fleets with charging infrastructure options that are robust and flexible as the transition to electrified transportation accelerates.

Ancillary Service Offerings

In addition to charging services, EVgo offers a variety of software-driven digital, development, and operations services to customers. These offerings currently include customization of digital applications, charging data integration, loyalty programs, access to chargers behind parking lot, or garage, pay gates and pilots microtargeted advertising, and charging reservations. Through eXtendTM, EVgo also offers maintenance services and development and project management services, including EVSE installation, networking and operations. EVgo continues to evaluate and engage in opportunities to use its foundational expertise in charging infrastructure to provide value-added services to the rapidly growing EV ecosystem while delivering shareholder returns.

Market Opportunity & Strategy

The United States EV market has experienced significant recent growth as the market share of EVs more than doubled in 2021. As adoption accelerates and the market continues to scale, the availability of appropriate charging infrastructure will be critical to enabling consumer and commercial adoption of EVs. Larger (and thus heavier) EV models, such as SUVs and trucks, being made widely available in the coming years, coupled with an increased number of EV fleets, will require a greater number of easily accessible charging outlets. Further, DC charging is expected to grow faster than the overall charging market as EV range increases, battery density grows, and as driver demographics and EV use cases expand. Access to convenient and affordable charging is key to accelerating EV adoption, and EVgo’s mix of public and

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dedicated high-powered DCFC and low-powered Level 2 offerings positions the Company to take advantage of broadening electrification trends.

EVgo is differentiated as an operator of charging infrastructure focused on high traffic, high density urban, suburban and exurban areas. The Company has an extensive track record in optimized site selection, site development, planning, engineering, construction and operation. In addition, EVgo’s robust underwriting standards and strong balance sheet underpin disciplined capital allocation. Experience as an asset owner and operator also provides the essential ingredients for being a partner of first resort in provision of white label services, creating increased optionality to provide charging services to emerging segments.

The EVgo team has developed expertise and business processes for developing and operating a comprehensive, highly reliable charging network and in selecting and developing quality sites for chargers; managing multi-pronged build projects through engineering, permitting, construction, and commissioning; and operating and maintaining a distributed network of DCFCs across the country.

The core elements of this ongoing strategy include:

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Competition

The charging infrastructure sector is evolving as the EV market grows and expands to serve new drivers – and it is likely to become increasingly competitive. Key parts of the charging value chain include charging equipment manufacture and sales, charging network operation and ownership, and charging software development. The EV charging companies currently operating in the U.S. – like Blink, ChargePoint, Electrify America, Shell Recharge Solutions (formerly Greenlots), Volta, Tritium, IoTecha, Rhombus, and a few electric utilities – are involved with various parts of this value chain. But given the relatively early stage of electrification as a sector, the business models being pursued by each company are evolving. In general, charging sector incumbents may expand their product offerings and sales strategies, and new competitors may enter the market.

As the charging sector continues to evolve, there are a number of players that are or could emerge as EVgo’s competition. As a leading builder, owner and operator of a public fast charging network, EVgo’s competitors include Electrify America, Blink, Volta, and ChargePoint, as well as the limited number of utilities granted permission by their regulators to own charging assets. As a provider of integrated fleet solutions, EVgo’s competitors include Shell Recharge Solutions, InCharge and ChargePoint, but utilities could emerge as a competitive force in the future, as well as other pure play charging companies aiming to capitalize on the fleet electrification trend.

The principal competitive factors in the industry include charger count, locations and accessibility; DCFC network availability and reliability, scale and local density; charger connectivity to EVs and ability to charge all standards; speed of charging relative to expected vehicle dwell times at the location; software-enabled services and overall customer experience; operator brand, track record and reputation; access to equipment vendors and service providers; and access to public policy support and pricing.

Barriers to entry in the EV charging market may erode as a result of government intervention and various support programs, leading to more competitors with a variety of profitability objectives.

EVgo has a competitive advantage in delivering charging services driven by network scale, network design, experience developing and operating DCFC infrastructure, OEM partnerships, fleet and rideshare partnerships, brand equity, longstanding reputation in the industry, differentiated station design and software enabled service offerings, and network effects driven by higher utilization on the EVgo network as compared to competitors.

It should be noted that competition arising from use of other types of alternative fuel vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and high fuel economy gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles could inhibit growth in the EV sector.

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Suppliers and Service Providers

Charging Equipment and Related Services

EVgo relies on third-party vendors for design, testing and manufacturing of charging equipment. At this stage of the industry, equipment is unique to each supplier with respect to components and aftermarket maintenance and warranty services. As such, equipment and services are currently singularly sourced from each supplier. For the year ended December 31, 2021, Delta and Marubeni provided 37.3% of EVgo’s total charging equipment and services. For the year ended December 31, 2020, ABB, BTC Power, Marubeni and Nationwide provided 84.0% of EVgo’s total charging equipment and services.

EVgo has invested in and maintains long-term relationships with suppliers and service providers. EVgo designs stations and specifies EV chargers in-house and outsources production to an assortment of manufacturers. Based on a rigorous qualification and testing process, the Company has established commercial relationships with multiple EV charger manufacturers including Signet, Delta, BTC, ABB, IoTecha and LiteOn. EVgo typically appoints and manages specialized electrical contractors to perform station construction and perform maintenance activities. Additionally, EVgo’s charging management software platform was developed and is operated by Driivz.

Electricity

For approximately 55% of EVgo’s charging sites, electricity is purchased for charging stations directly from local utilities as a commercial and industrial customer, with these sites representing approximately 63% of total GWh throughput. Each site qualifies for a certain utility tariff based primarily on maximum instantaneous electric usage measured over a historic period. A typical electricity tariff for a site consists of (i) a fixed charge, generally based on the number of meters on site, (ii) an energy charge based on kWh used, which may vary depending on time of use (including seasons and peak hours), (iii) a demand charge, or cost charged per kW during applicable calculation period, which is often monthly, but which may also vary depending on time of use, and (iv) any applicable state and utility taxes. The remainder of EVgo’s charging sites obtain electricity through the Site Host. EVgo reimburses the Site Host for the cost of the electricity at a negotiated rate, subject to the terms of each Site Host agreement. The negotiated rate varies based on the Site Host’s electricity tariff, the size of the charging site and other financial incentives provided to the Site Host.

Customers, Partnerships and Strategic Relationships

EVgo has established partnerships and strategic relationships with key OEMs, Site Hosts and fleet operators, including GM and Nissan which are discussed further below. These relationships allow EVgo to access new customers and build brand awareness through co-marketing. EVgo may also benefit from promotional programs sponsored by OEMs. In some cases, OEM partners have agreed to provide one-time or ongoing payments related to the build out of EVgo’s charger network. For example, GM has agreed to provide quarterly payments to EVgo as additional fast chargers are added to the network pursuant to a contractual arrangement between GM and EVgo. In all cases, EVgo retains 100% ownership of the chargers built under these OEM programs.

EVgo has established, invested in and maintained long-term relationships with Site Hosts with national and regional multi-site portfolios of commercial and retail properties. EVgo’s Site Hosts span a wide array of industries and locations, including airports, automobile dealers, healthcare/medical facilities, hotels, mixed-use facilities, municipal locations, parks and recreation areas, parking lots, restaurants, retailers, schools and universities, stadiums, supermarkets, transportation hubs and workplace locations. EVgo executes numerous master agreements with Site Hosts that enable the conversion of prospect sites into develop-able locations by standardizing terms and conditions for site control. EVgo’s ownership model is attractive to Site Host partners as it allows them to offer an EV charging amenity to their customers without needing to incur upfront capital expenditures or ongoing operating costs while generating rent revenue from EVgo. The benefits offered to Site Hosts through EVgo’s business model continue to provide EVgo access to the highest quality property owners, grocery store chains, parking garages, airports and convenience stores.

The Company had accounts receivable with two customers that comprised 32.4% and 66.0% of the Company’s total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, one customer represented 10.5% and two customers represented 23.8% of total revenue. As EVgo and the EV industry

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continue to grow, EVgo expects revenues will be generated from a larger and an increasingly diverse group of customers and commercial partners. In the ordinary course of business, EVgo engages in active discussions and renegotiations with EVgo’s commercial partners in respect to the solutions it provides and the terms of its agreements, including fees. Most of EVgo’s contracts with EVgo’s commercial partners have multi-year terms, and some have rights to terminate prior to the end of the term. The loss of any of EVgo’s largest commercial partners or the renegotiation of any of EVgo’s largest contracts with its commercial partners could adversely affect EVgo’s results of operations.

General Motors

On July 20, 2020, EVgo entered into a five-year contract with GM (the “GM Agreement”) to build 2,750 fast chargers that EVgo will own and operate as part of the Company’s public network. On November 2, 2021, EVgo entered into an amendment agreement with GM in order to adjust stall installation targets and expand the overall number of chargers to be installed to 3,250 fast chargers. EVgo believes this agreement will serve to accelerate the Company’s development plans and enhance customer acquisition and brand equity among retail drivers. Pursuant to the GM Agreement, EVgo is required to meet certain quarterly milestones measured by the number of charger stalls installed, and GM is required to make certain payments based on chargers installed.

Under the GM Agreement, EVgo is required to install a total of 3,250 chargers by December 31, 2025, 72% of which are required to be installed by December 31, 2023. Meeting these milestones will require additional funds beyond the amounts committed by GM, and EVgo may face delays in construction, commission or aspects of installation of the chargers the Company is obligated to develop. EVgo is also required to maintain network availability (i.e., the percentage of time a charger is operational and available on the network) of at least 93%. In addition to the capital build program, EVgo committed to providing a certain number of new GM EV cars with an EVgo charging credit and limited time access to other EVgo services at a discounted rate.

The GM Agreement is subject to early termination in certain circumstances, including in the event EVgo fails to meet the quarterly charger-installation milestones or maintain the specified level of network availability. If GM opts to terminate the agreement, EVgo may not be entitled to receive continued payments from GM and instead may be required to pay liquidated damages to GM. In the event EVgo fails to meet a charger-installation milestone or maintain the required network availability in a calendar quarter, GM has the right to provide EVgo with a notice of such deficiency within 30 days of the end of the quarter. If the same deficiency still exists at the end of the quarter immediately following the quarter for which a deficiency notification was delivered, GM may immediately terminate the agreement and seek pre-agreed liquidated damages of up to $15.0 million.

As of March 15, 2022, there were approximately 2,500 stalls that had been approved by GM, of which approximately 2,000 stalls were already in the active engineering and construction development pipeline. As of March 15, 2022, EVgo had 85 stalls left to install in order to meet its charger-installation milestone for the quarter ending March 31, 2022. EVgo may not meet the charger-installation milestones under the GM Agreement in the future, particularly as a consequence of delays in permitting, commissioning and utility interconnection resulting from COVID-19 and supply chain disruptions in business operations across the utility, engineering and permitting chain, as well as industry and regulatory adaptation to the requirements of high-powered charger installation, including slower than expected third-party approvals between utilities and landowners of sites where charger stations will be located.

Nissan

EVgo has executed two program services agreements with Nissan. These agreements provide for a capital build program, joint marketing activities and charging credit programs for purchasers or lessees of Nissan EVs. Under the joint-marketing activities provisions of the first agreement (the “Nissan Agreement”), EVgo was to spend a specified amount annually on joint-marketing activities that were mutually agreed-upon with Nissan. Credits for charging were allocated annually to purchasers or lessees of Nissan EVs and allowed each participant to charge their vehicle for 12 to 24 months at no charge to the participant, up to the amount of the charging credit allocated to such participant. In the event a participant did not use the entire amount of its charging credit within 12 or 24 months, a portion of the remaining dollar value of such credit rolled over to subsequent periods and a portion was retained by the Company.

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Under the terms of the Nissan Agreement, purchasers or lessees of Nissan LEAF electric vehicles in certain markets could receive charging services at the Company’s station or a participating third-party charging station. Pursuant to the Nissan Agreement, EVgo was required to support, maintain and make available at least 850 chargers through July 7, 2021. The Company fulfilled all build, support and maintenance obligations under the Nissan Agreement.

On June 13, 2019, EVgo entered into a second agreement with Nissan (the “Nissan 2.0 Agreement”). The Nissan 2.0 Agreement includes a capital-build program requiring the Company to install, operate and maintain public, high-power dual-standard chargers in specified markets pursuant to a schedule that outlines the build timelines for the chargers to be constructed (the “Build Schedule”). Under the terms of the Nissan 2.0 Agreement, the Build Schedule is negotiated at the beginning of each year. All chargers for each program year must be installed by August 31. In 2021, EVgo worked with Nissan to revise the annual Build Schedule to extend the milestone dates. Furthermore, Nissan waived penalties for installation delays in program year one.

EVgo’s ability to meet Build Schedule obligations may be impacted by delays in permitting, slower than expected third-party approvals of certain site acquisitions, delays in utility interconnection resulting from industry adaptation to the requirements of high-powered charger installation, as well as supply chain issues. Going forward, EVgo is uncertain if these, or other potential issues in the procurement, installation, or energization of DCFC, will be resolved in a timely fashion. At this time, EVgo’s ability to meet future Build Schedule obligations may continue to be impacted by circumstances similar to those experienced during the first half of 2021, or other potential issues including, but not limited to, equipment design and procurement, timing of third-party funding agreements, and the siting, permitting, construction, energizing of DCFC or delays in releasing public grant funding.

Nissan has the right to terminate the Nissan 2.0 Agreement, without penalty or obligation of any kind, upon 30 days’ written notice if it is unable to secure funding to make payments required under the Nissan 2.0 Agreement. Nissan receives budget approvals annually from Nissan Motor Company Limited. As of December 31, 2021, Nissan has fulfilled its annual payment obligations under the Nissan 2.0 Agreement. If Nissan terminates the Nissan 2.0 Agreement due to a lack of funding, EVgo will still be required to perform the following: (i) meet charger installation milestones through the date of termination; (ii) provide an aggregate of $1.6 million in joint marketing activities and (iii) provide $4.8 million worth of charging credits that shall continue to be administered.

Pursuant to the Nissan 2.0 Agreement, as modified by the aforementioned extension and other amendments, EVgo is required to install an aggregate of 210 chargers by February 29, 2024 at a number of sites to be mutually agreed upon during each Build Schedule. Pursuant to the current Build Schedule, EVgo is required to install 58 chargers by August 31, 2022. If the Company fails to meet future Build Schedule obligations, Nissan may invoke a penalty of up to $35,000 per delayed site beyond a designated cure period, up to 61 sites, which would result in adjustment to the consideration received for EVgo’s performance obligations under the Nissan 2.0 Agreement.

Intellectual Property

EVgo protects intellectual property and proprietary rights through patent, trademark, copyrights, trade secret and unfair competition laws, augmented by confidentiality protocols. EVgo undertakes actions as necessary to ensure that its proprietary rights are protected, while at the same time respecting the intellectual property rights of other persons.

As of December 31, 2021, EVgo held 16 patents and had 14 additional patent applications both in the United States and abroad. EVgo continues to regularly assess opportunities for seeking patent protection for those aspects of EVgo’s technology, designs and methodologies that provide a meaningful competitive advantage to the Company.

Governmental Regulation

State, regional and local regulations for installing EV charging stations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and may include permitting requirements, inspection requirements, licensing of contractors and certifications.

On December 16, 2019, California adopted amendments to the state’s EVSE specifications that prohibit, or will prohibit, public-charging operators from billing customers by the minute within the state. The prohibition on per-minute billing currently applies to all new Level 2 chargers installed or replaced on or after January 1, 2021 and will apply to new

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DCFCs installed or replaced on or after January 1, 2023. Chargers installed before 2021 can continue time-based billing until 2031 (for Level 2 chargers) or 2033 (for DCFCs). In 2021, EVgo transitioned to kWh-based pricing at its California DCFCs.

California, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Washington and the District of Columbia have determined that companies that sell EV charging services to the public will not be regulated as utilities. While these individual state determinations are not binding on any other regulator or jurisdiction, they demonstrate a trend in the way states view the nascent EV charging industry. Other jurisdictions are in the process of adopting such reforms. The determination not to regulate the Company as a utility generally provides the Company with greater flexibility to set rates and frees the Company from being subject to more burdensome regulatory requirements.

Grants and Incentives

EVgo continuously pursues public grants, subsidies and incentives to reduce capital expenditures. EVgo has dedicated, and plans to continue to dedicate, a variety of internal and external resources to monitor, submit for, and utilize available grant, subsidy and incentive funding for the development of DCFCs on a state, local and national level. EVgo generally informs network expansion and local build plans based on expected timing for and availability of funding of this type. EVgo has received grants from the California Energy Commission, Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Colorado Energy Office, Maryland Energy Administration, North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality. As an example of these grants, on August 9, 2018, the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality selected EVgo as the recipient of an approximately $14.0 million award to develop a statewide public charging network. Under the terms of the award, the Virginia network will be developed over three one-year investment cycles, with options to extend. As of December 31, 2021, EVgo had approximately 70 DC fast chargers left to be installed under the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality award. EVgo exercised the option to extend the investment cycle by two years.

EVgo intends to continue to vigorously seek additional grants, rebates, subsidies and incentives as an effective avenue to reduce its capital investment in the promotion, purchase and installation of charging stations where applicable.

Government Regulations to Enhance EV Adoption

The regulations mandated by the National Highway Transit Safety Administration (“NHTSA’s”) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (“CAFE”) standards set the average new vehicle fuel economy, as weighted by sales, that a manufacturer’s fleet must achieve. These standards have been established through Model Year 2026 for light-duty vehicles; however, in September 2021, the Biden Administration proposed to significantly increase these standards for model years 2024-2026, and EVgo expects the administration to set standards for future model years as well. Although EVgo is not a car manufacturer, and thus not directly subject to the CAFE standards, such standards may still indirectly affect EVgo’s business. The adoption of more stringent Federal standards may create further incentives for vehicle manufacturers to increase their EV offerings, which would likely result in increased demand for charging services. Additionally, several states, such as California, Massachusetts, and New York, have adopted or are considering adopting bans on the sale of internal combustion engine vehicles by 2035.

Waste Handling and Disposal

EVgo is subject to laws and regulations regarding the handling and disposal of hazardous substances and solid wastes, including electronic wastes and batteries. These laws generally regulate the generation, storage, treatment, transportation, and disposal of solid and hazardous waste and may impose strict, joint and several liability for the investigation and remediation of areas where hazardous substances may have been released or disposed. For instance, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), also known as the superfund law, in the United States and comparable state laws impose liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons that contributed to the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include current and prior owners or operators of the site where the release occurred as well as companies that disposed or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances found at the site. Under CERCLA, these persons may be subject to joint and

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several strict liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health studies. CERCLA also authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) and, in some instances, third parties to act in response to threats to the public health or the environment and to seek to recover from the responsible classes of persons the costs they incur.

The Company may also generate or dispose of solid wastes, which may include hazardous wastes that are subject to the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”), and comparable state statutes. While RCRA regulates both solid and hazardous wastes, it imposes strict requirements on the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of hazardous wastes. Certain components of EVgo’s charging stations may be excluded from RCRA’s hazardous waste regulations, provided certain requirements are met. However, if these components do not meet all of the established requirements for the exclusion, or if the requirements for the exclusion change, the Company may be required to treat such products as hazardous waste, which are subject to more rigorous and costly disposal requirements. Any such changes in the laws and regulations, or in EVgo’s ability to qualify the materials the Company uses for exclusions under such laws and regulations, could adversely affect EVgo’s operating expenses.

Renewable Energy Markets

As part of EVgo’s business strategy, the Company markets the electricity provided from EVgo’s charging stations as 100% renewable. Any claims EVgo makes to consumers about EVgo’s use of renewable energy are subject to regulation by the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”). The FTC Green Guides require all non-renewable energy use to be matched with RECs in order to make renewable energy claims and may also require certain statements regarding the sources of renewable energy and related RECs. Failure to comply with such regulations can result in substantial monetary penalties or otherwise impact EVgo’s results of operations. Therefore, the Company purchases certified RECs in order to qualify the electricity the Company distributes through charging stations as renewable energy and will continue to purchase certified RECs in the future to substantiate claims that EVgo’s charging stations are powered by 100% renewable energy.

Additionally, as part of EVgo’s business model, the Company projects the number of RECs needed and purchases such RECs to meet this projection. Failure to accurately project EVgo’s REC needs may result in the purchasing of RECs on the spot market in order to maintain compliance with applicable regulations. If material, this may adversely affect EVgo’s business and financial condition.

LCFS Credits

The Company derives a portion of EVgo’s revenue from selling regulatory credits earned for participating in Low Carbon Fuel Standard (“LCFS”) programs in markets where such programs are active — currently in California and Oregon. EVgo earns credits for the sale of energy and, in certain cases, the installation of DCFC infrastructure under California’s Fast Charging Infrastructure (“FCI”) program. EVgo sells credits earned through these programs to entities obligated to purchase the credits for compliance or through exchanges. EVgo actively seeks to maximize the number of credits generated per kWh of energy sold by sourcing renewable electricity. EVgo’s management is actively monitoring proposed LCFS programs in other states, such as Massachusetts, New York, Colorado, Washington and New Mexico as potential future revenue streams. The availability of such credits depends on continued governmental support for these programs and regulatory frameworks that make it possible for EVgo to participate in these credit markets.

ESG Matters

The Company views ESG as integral to EVgo’s business strategy. EVgo strives to protect the environment and help tackle climate change, accelerating the transition to clean energy. EVgo is also committed to the promotion of sustainable communities and the promotion of equal access. Excellence in ESG provides a benefit to EVgo’s stakeholders and the communities in which EVgo operates.

Employees

As of March 15, 2022, EVgo had 225 employees, including 219 regular full-time employees. None of EVgo’s employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. The Company has never experienced a work stoppage and believes in maintaining positive relationships with EVgo’s employees.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Investing in EVgo’s securities involves risks. Before you make a decision to buy EVgo’s securities, in addition to the risks and uncertainties discussed above under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” you should carefully consider the specific risks set forth herein. If any of these risks actually occur, it may materially harm EVgo’s business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. As a result, the market price of EVgo’s securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additionally, the risks and uncertainties described in this Annual Report are not the only risks and uncertainties that EVgo faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that EVgo currently believes to be immaterial may become material and adversely affect EVgo’s business.

Summary of Risk Factors

The following summarizes the risks facing EVgo’s business, all of which are more fully described below. This summary should be read in conjunction with the Risk Factors below and should not be relied upon as an exhaustive summary of the material risks facing EVgo’s business. The order of presentation is not necessarily indicative of the level of risk that each factor poses to EVgo.

Risks Related to EVgo’s Business

● Disruptions in EVgo’s supply chain could adversely affect EVgo’s business.

Risks Related to the EV Market

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Risks Related to EVgo’s Technology, Intellectual Property and Infrastructure

Financial, Tax and Accounting-Related Risks

Risks Related to EVgo’s “Up-C” Structure and the Tax Receivable Agreement

Risks Related to Legal Matters and Regulations

● Increasing attention to ESG matters may adversely impact EVgo’s business.

Risks Related to EVgo’s Securities

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Risk Factors

Risks Related to EVgo’s Business

EVgo is an early-stage company with a history of operating losses and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses at least for the near- and medium-term.

EVgo has a history of operating losses and negative operating cash flows. As of December 31, 2021, EVgo had a cash balance of $485.2 million and working capital of $459.5 million. EVgo’s net cash inflow for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $477.3 million. While EVgo believes EVgo’s cash on hand as of December 31, 2021 is sufficient to meet EVgo’s current working capital and capital expenditure requirements, there can be no assurance that EVgo will be able to achieve and maintain profitability in the future. EVgo’s potential profitability is particularly dependent upon the continued adoption of EVs by consumers and fleet operators, the widespread adoption of electric trucks and other vehicles, and other electric transportation modalities, continued support from regulatory programs and, in each case, the use of EVgo’s chargers, any of which may not occur at the levels EVgo currently anticipates or at all. EVgo may need to raise additional financing through loans, securities offerings or additional investments in order to fund EVgo’s ongoing operations. There is no assurance that EVgo will be able to obtain such additional financing or that EVgo will be able to obtain such additional financing on favorable terms.

EVgo’s growth and success are highly correlated with and thus dependent upon the continuing rapid adoption of and demand for EVs and OEMs’ ability to supply such EVs to the market.

EVgo’s growth is highly dependent upon the adoption of EVs both by businesses and consumers. The market for EVs is still rapidly evolving, characterized by rapidly changing technologies, increasing consumer choice as it relates to available EV models, their pricing and performance, evolving government regulation and industry standards, changing consumer preferences and behaviors, intensifying levels of concern related to environmental issues, and governmental initiatives related to climate change and the environment generally. EVgo’s revenues are driven in large part by EV drivers’ driving and charging behavior. Potential shifts in behavior may include but are not limited to changes in annual vehicle miles traveled, preferences for urban vs. suburban vs. rural and public vs. private and DC vs. Level 2 charging, demand from rideshare or urban delivery fleets, and the emergence of autonomous vehicles and/or new forms of mobility. Although demand for EVs has grown in recent years, there is no guarantee of continuing future demand. Public DC fast charging, in particular, may not develop as expected and may fail to attract projected market share of total EV charging. If the market for EVs develops more slowly than expected, or if demand for EVs decreases, EVgo’s growth would be reduced and EVgo’s business, prospects, financial conditions and operating results would be harmed. Additionally, EVgo’s ability to capture the growth in the EV market, grow EVgo’s customer base and achieve and sustain profitability will depend, to a significant extent, on EVgo’s ability to effectively expand EVgo’s sales and marketing operations and activities. The market for EVs could be affected by numerous factors, such as:

● increases in fuel efficiency in legacy ICE and hybrid vehicles;

● volatility in the price of gasoline and diesel at the pump;

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● concerns regarding the stability of the electrical grid;

● the decline of an EV battery’s ability to hold a charge over time;

● availability of services and spare parts for EVs;

● relaxation of government mandates or quotas regarding the sale of EVs;

● the number, price and variety of EV models available for purchase; and

● concerns about the future viability of EV manufacturers.

In addition, sales of vehicles in the automotive industry can be cyclical, which may affect growth in acceptance of EVs. It is uncertain how macroeconomic factors will impact demand for EVs, particularly since they can be more expensive than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. Furthermore, because fleet operators often make large purchases of EVs, this cyclicality and volatility in the automotive industry may be more pronounced with commercial purchasers, and any significant decline in demand from these customers could reduce demand for EV charging and EVgo’s products and services in particular.

While many global OEMs and several new market entrants have announced plans for new EV models, the lineup of EV models with increasing fast charging needs expected to come to market over the next several years may not materialize in that timeframe or may fail to attract sufficient customer demand. Demand for EVs may also be affected by factors directly impacting automobile prices or the cost of purchasing and operating automobiles, such as sales and financing incentives, prices of raw materials and parts and components, cost of fuel and governmental regulations, including tariffs, import regulation and other taxes. Volatility in demand may lead to lower vehicle unit sales, which may result in reduced demand for EV charging solutions and therefore adversely affect EVgo’s business, financial condition and operating results.

EVgo has recently experienced rapid growth. If EVgo fails to manage growth effectively, EVgo’s business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.

EVgo has experienced rapid growth in recent periods. For example, the number of employees has grown from 57 in December 2017 to 225 in December 2021. The expected continued growth and expansion of EVgo’s business may place a significant strain on management, business operations, financial condition and infrastructure and corporate culture.

With continued fast growth, EVgo’s information technology systems and EVgo’s internal control over financial reporting and procedures may not be adequate to support EVgo’s operations and may allow data security incidents that may interrupt business operations and allow third parties to obtain unauthorized access to business information or misappropriate funds. EVgo may also face risks to the extent such third parties infiltrate the information technology infrastructure of EVgo’s contractors.

To manage growth in operations and personnel, EVgo will need to continue to improve EVgo’s operational, financial and management controls and reporting systems and procedures. Failure to manage growth effectively could result in difficulty or delays in attracting new customers, declines in quality or customer satisfaction, increases in costs, difficulties in introducing new products and services or enhancing existing products and services, loss of customers, information security vulnerabilities or other operational difficulties, any of which could adversely affect EVgo’s business performance and operating results. EVgo’s strategy is based on a combination of growth and maintenance of strong performance on EVgo’s existing asset base, and any inability to scale, maintain customer experience or manage operations at EVgo’s charging stations may impact EVgo’s growth trajectory.

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EVgo’s estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate.

Estimates of future EV adoption in the United States, the total addressable market, serviceable addressable market for EVgo’s products and services and the EV market in general are included in this Annual Report. Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts, whether obtained from third-party sources or developed internally, are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may prove to be inaccurate. This is especially so at the present time due to the uncertain and rapidly changing projections of the COVID-19 pandemic recovery pace. EVgo’s internal estimates relating to the size and expected growth of the target market, market demand, EV adoption across individual market verticals and use cases, capacity of automotive and battery OEMs and ability of charging infrastructure to address this demand and related pricing may also prove to be inaccurate. In particular, estimates regarding the current and projected market opportunity for public and commercial fast charging and future fast charging throughput or EVgo market share capture are difficult to predict. The estimated addressable market may not materialize in the timeframe of EVgo’s internal projections, if ever, and even if the markets meet the size estimates and growth estimates presented, EVgo’s business could fail to grow at similar rates.

EVgo currently faces competition from a number of companies and expects to face significant competition in the future as the market for EV charging develops.

The EV charging market is relatively new and EVgo currently faces competition from a number of companies. There are a number of EV charging companies operating in the U.S. that pursue various business models which are constantly evolving including Electrify America, Blink, ChargePoint, Shell, IoTecha, Rhombus, BP as well as local utilities and retailers. EVgo competes with some or all of these companies across a number of industry segments, including retail and fleet. The principal competitive factors in the industry include charger count, locations and accessibility; charger connectivity to EVs and ability to charge all standards; speed of charging relative to expected vehicle dwell times at the location; DCFC network reliability, scale and local density; the software-enabled services offered and overall customer experience; operator brand, track record and reputation; access to equipment vendors, service providers, and policy incentives and pricing. Competitors may be able to respond more quickly and effectively than EVgo to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or customer requirements, and may be better equipped to initiate or withstand substantial price competition.

In addition, there are other means for charging EVs, which could affect the level of demand for charging at EVgo’s DCFCs. For example, Tesla Inc. (“Tesla”) continues to build out its supercharger network across the United States for Tesla vehicles, which could reduce overall demand for EV charging at EVgo’s sites. Tesla may also open its supercharger network to support charging of non-Tesla EVs in the future, which could further reduce demand for charging at EVgo’s sites. Also, other companies sell chargers designed for customers seeking to have on premise EV charging capability as well as for home or workplace charging, which may reduce the demand for fast charging if EV owners find “slow” charging at a workplace, at home, or other parking locations to be sufficient. Municipalities may decide to convert street lighting poles and lampposts to public charging points for EV drivers who rent, have no access to home charging, or park their EVs on the street, potentially reducing EVgo’s serviceable markets. Retailers, utilities or other Site Hosts or commercial, municipal and Federal fleet businesses may opt to become owners and operators of public or private EV fast charging equipment and purchase that equipment and associated management software directly from vendors in the marketplace.

The EV charging business may become more competitive, pressuring future increases in utilization and margins. Competition is still developing and is expected to increase as the number of EVs sold increases. Barriers to entry in the EV charging market may erode as a result of government intervention and various support programs, leading to more competitors with a variety of profitability objectives.

Because EVgo is currently dependent upon a limited number of customers and OEM partners, the loss of a significant customer or OEM partner could adversely affect EVgo’s operating results.

Given the nascent stage of the industry, a limited number of contractual commercial customers and OEM partners currently account for a substantial portion of EVgo’s income. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, one customer represented 10.5% and two customers represented 23.8% of total revenue, respectively. EVgo’s operating projections are currently contingent on EVgo’s performance under EVgo’s commercial contracts. At least in the short term, EVgo expects that a majority of EVgo’s sales outside of the retail customer market will continue to come from a

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concentrated number of commercial customers and OEM partners. EVgo expects a substantial portion of EVgo’s cash receipts in the near future to be from a limited number of OEM partners and, as a result, will be subject to any risks specific to those entities and the jurisdictions and markets in which they operate, including their ability to develop a portfolio of EV models and attract customers for those models. EVgo may be unable to accomplish EVgo’s business plan to diversify and expand EVgo’s customer and OEM partner base by attracting a broad array of customers and OEM partners, which could negatively affect EVgo’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

EVgo will be required to install a substantial number of charger stalls under EVgo’s agreement with GM. If EVgo does not meet EVgo’s obligations under this agreement, EVgo may not be entitled to payments from GM and may be required to pay liquidated damages, which may be significant.

Pursuant to the GM Agreement, EVgo is required to meet certain quarterly milestones measured by the number of charger stalls installed, and GM is required to make certain payments based on charger stalls installed. Under the GM Agreement, EVgo is required to install a total of 3,250 charger stalls by December 31, 2025, 72% of which are required to be installed by December 31, 2023. The GM Agreement calls for a year-over-year increase in annual charger stall additions in each of 2022 and 2023 before the installation run rate declines post 2023. Meeting these milestones will require additional funds beyond the amounts committed by GM, and EVgo may face delays in construction, commission or aspects of installation of the charger stalls EVgo is obligated to develop. In addition, EVgo is required to maintain network availability (i.e., the percentage of time a charger stall is operational and available on the network) of at least 93%.

The GM Agreement is subject to early termination in certain circumstances, including in the event EVgo fails to meet the quarterly charger-installation milestones or fail to maintain the specified level of network availability. In the event EVgo fails to meet a charger-installation milestone or maintain the required network availability in a calendar quarter, GM has the right to provide EVgo with a notice of such deficiency within 30 days of the end of the quarter. If the same deficiency still exists at the end of the quarter immediately following the quarter for which a deficiency notification was delivered, GM may immediately terminate the agreement and seek pre-agreed liquidated damages of up to $15.0 million.

EVgo may not meet the charger-installation milestones under the GM Agreement in the future, particularly as a consequence of delays in permitting, commissioning, and utility interconnection resulting from COVID-19 disruptions in business operations across the engineering and permitting chain, as well as industry and regulatory adaptation to the requirements of high-powered charger installation including slower than expected third-party approvals of certain site acquisitions and site plans, as well as supply chain issues. As of March 15, 2022, EVgo had 85 chargers left to install in order to meet its charger-installation milestone for the quarter ending March 31, 2022. As of March 15, 2022, approximately 2,500 stalls had been approved by GM, of which approximately 2,000 stalls were already in the active engineering and construction development pipeline. Under the terms of the GM Agreement, GM and EVgo can agree to adjust quarterly charger installation milestones from time to time, provided the quarterly targets for an applicable calendar year must equal the annual target for such year. Going forward, it is uncertain if these, or other potential issues in the procurement, installation, or energization of chargers, will be resolved in a timely fashion.

Nissan has the right to terminate its agreements with the Company in certain circumstances. Additionally, EVgo may be subject to monetary penalties if EVgo is unable to fulfill EVgo’s obligations under EVgo’s agreements with Nissan.

On June 13, 2019, EVgo and Nissan entered into the Nissan 2.0 Agreement. The Nissan 2.0 Agreement includes a capital-build program requiring the Company to install, operate and maintain public, high-power dual-standard chargers in specified markets pursuant to a Build Schedule. Under the terms of the Nissan 2.0 Agreement, the Build Schedule is negotiated at the beginning of each year. All chargers for each program year must be installed by August 31. In 2021, EVgo worked with Nissan to revise the annual Build Schedule to extend the milestone dates. Furthermore, Nissan waived penalties for installation delays in program year one.

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At this time, EVgo believes that its ability to meet future Build Schedule obligations may continue to be impacted by circumstances similar to those experienced during the first half of 2021, or other potential issues including, but not limited to, equipment design and procurement, timing of third-party funding agreements, and the siting, permitting, construction, energizing of DCFC, or delays in releasing public grant funding.

The widespread outbreak of an illness or any other communicable disease, or any other public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, could have a material adverse effect on EVgo’s business and results of operations.

The global or national outbreak of an illness or any other communicable disease, or any other public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may adversely impact EVgo’s employees and operations and the operations of EVgo’s customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners and negatively impact demand for EV charging. The impact of COVID-19 has resulted in significant volatility in the global and domestic economies, changes in consumer and business behavior, market downturns and restrictions on business and individual activities has led to overall reduced economic activity. The COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine mandates and other measures taken by Federal, state and local governments to stop the spread of COVID-19 has impacted EVgo’s operations through reduced demand for EV charging, construction delays and supply chain and shipping constraints. See “—Disruptions in EVgo’s supply chain could adversely affect EVgo’s business.” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Recent Developments — COVID-19 Outbreak.”

In addition, EVgo has modified EVgo’s business practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and currently allow all non-essential personnel to work from home. EVgo has implemented various safety protocols for essential personnel who must leave their homes for work such as requiring regular certifications of health status to such employees’ supervisors and EVgo’s human resources department. EVgo may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that EVgo determines are in the best interests of EVgo’s employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts EVgo’s business, prospects and results of operations will depend on future developments, which cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to, the duration, spread and severity of the pandemic, the emergence of new COVID-19 variants, the actions to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, and when and to what extent normal economic and operating activities can resume. The COVID-19 pandemic could limit the ability of customers, suppliers, vendors, permitting agencies, utilities and business partners to perform, including third-party suppliers’ ability to provide components and materials used in charging stations or in providing installation or maintenance services. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic has subsided, EVgo may continue to experience an adverse impact to EVgo’s business as a result of the pandemic’s global economic impact, including any recession that may occur in the future. Specifically, difficult macroeconomic conditions, such as decreases in per capita income and levels of disposable income, increased and prolonged unemployment or a decline in consumer confidence as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as reduced spending by businesses, could each have a material adverse effect on the demand for EVgo’s products and services.

EVgo relies on a limited number of vendors for EVgo’s charging equipment and related support services. A loss of any of these partners would negatively affect EVgo’s business.

EVgo relies on a limited number of vendors for design, testing and manufacturing of charging equipment which at this stage of the industry is unique to each supplier and thus singularly sourced with respect to components as well as aftermarket maintenance and warranty services. For the year ended December 31, 2021, EVgo had two vendors that provided 37.3% of EVgo’s total charging equipment and services. For the year ended December 31, 2020, EVgo had four vendors that provided 84.0% of EVgo’s total charging equipment and services. This reliance on a limited number of

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vendors increases EVgo’s risks, since EVgo does not currently have proven reliable alternative or replacement vendors beyond these key parties. In the event of production interruptions or supply chain disruptions including but not limited to availability of certain key components such as semiconductors, EVgo may not be able to take advantage of increased production from other sources or develop alternate or secondary vendors without incurring material additional costs and substantial delays. See “—Disruptions in EVgo’s supply chain could adversely affect EVgo’s business.” Thus, EVgo’s business would be adversely affected if one or more of EVgo’s vendors is impacted by any interruption at a particular location.

As the demand for public fast charging increases, the charging equipment vendors may not be able to dedicate sufficient supply chain, production, or sales channel capacity to keep up with the required pace of charging infrastructure expansion. In addition, as the EV market grows, the industry may be exposed to deteriorating design requirements, undetected faults or the erosion of testing standards by charging equipment and component suppliers, which may adversely impact the performance, reliability and lifecycle cost of the chargers. If EVgo or EVgo’s suppliers experience a significant increase in demand, or if EVgo needs to replace an existing supplier, EVgo may not be able to supplement service or replace them on acceptable terms, which may undermine EVgo’s ability to install chargers in a timely manner. For example, it may take a significant amount of time to identify a vendor that has the capability and resources to supply and/or service charging equipment in sufficient volume. Identifying and approving suitable vendors could be an extensive process that requires the Company to become satisfied with their quality control, technical capabilities, responsiveness and service, financial stability, regulatory compliance, and labor and other ethical practices. Accordingly, a loss of any significant vendor would have an adverse effect on EVgo’s business, financial condition and operating results.

Further, should the Federal government and Congress require that charging equipment be manufactured in the U.S. in order to access Federal financial support or secure contracts with the Federal government, EVgo will have to source equipment from alternative vendors or work with current vendors to develop manufacturing capacity in the U.S. to participate in the covered Federal programs.

EVgo’s business is subject to risks associated with construction, cost overruns and delays, and other contingencies that may arise in the course of completing installations, and such risks may increase in the future as EVgo expands the scope of such services with other parties.

Charger installation and construction is typically performed by third-party contractors managed by the Company. The installation and construction of charging stations at a particular site is generally subject to oversight and regulation in accordance with state and local laws and ordinances relating to building codes, safety, environmental protection and related matters, and typically requires local utility cooperation in design and interconnection request approval and commissioning, as well as various local and other governmental approvals and permits that vary by jurisdiction. In addition, building codes, accessibility requirements, utility interconnect specifications, review, approval or study lead time or regulations may hinder EV charger installation and construction because they end up costing the developer or installer more in order to meet the code requirements. In addition, increased demand for the components necessary to install and construct charging stations could lead to higher installed costs. Meaningful delays or cost overruns caused by EVgo’s vendor supply chains, contractors, utility upgrades scope and delays, or inability of local utilities and approving agencies to cope with the level of activity may impact EVgo’s Build Schedule and revenue recognition in certain cases and/or impact EVgo’s relationships, either of which could impact EVgo’s business and profitability, pace of growth and prospects. For example, the installation of charger stalls under the GM Agreement have required significant utility upgrades to accommodate the higher capacity chargers. Delays in these upgrades have in turn caused delays in the construction of the chargers pursuant to the GM Agreement. If these delays continue or worsen, EVgo may not meet the charger-installation milestones under the GM Agreement. See “— EVgo will be required to install a substantial number of chargers under EVgo’s agreement with GM. If EVgo does not meet EVgo’s obligations under this agreement, EVgo may not be entitled to payments from GM and may be required to pay liquidated damages, which may be significant.”

Working with contractors may require the Company to obtain licenses or require EVgo or EVgo’s customers to comply with additional rules, working conditions and other union requirements, which can add costs and complexity to an installation and construction project. If these contractors are unable to provide timely, thorough and quality installation-related services, EVgo could fall behind EVgo’s construction schedules or cause customers to become dissatisfied with the solutions EVgo offers. As the demand for public fast charging increases and qualification requirements for contractors become more stringent, EVgo may encounter shortages in the number of qualified contractors available to complete all of

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EVgo’s desired installations. If EVgo fails to timely pay EVgo’s contractors, they may file liens against EVgo’s Site Hosts’ properties, which EVgo is required to remove.

EVgo’s business model is predicated on the presence of qualified and capable electrical and civil contractors and subcontractors in the new markets EVgo intends to enter. There is no guarantee that there will be an adequate supply of such partners. A shortage in the number of qualified contractors may impact the viability of the business plan, increase risks around the quality of works performed and increase costs if outside contractors are brought into a new market.

In addition, EVgo’s network expansion plan relies on EVgo’s site development efforts, and EVgo’s business is exposed to risks associated with receiving site control and access necessary for the construction of the charging station and operation of the charging equipment, electrical interconnection and power supply at identified locations sufficient to host chargers on a timely basis. EVgo generally does not own the land at the charging sites and rely on the site licenses with Site Hosts that convey the right to build, own, and operate the charging equipment on the site. EVgo may not be able to renew the site licenses or retain site control. The process of establishing or extending site control and access could take longer or become more competitive. As the EV market grows, competition for premium sites may intensify, the power distribution grid may require upgrading, electrical interconnection with local utilities may become competitive, all of which may lead to delays in construction and/or commissioning. As a result, EVgo may be exposed to increased interconnection costs and utility fees, as well as delays, which may slow the pace of EVgo’s network expansion.

Disruptions in EVgo’s supply chain could adversely affect EVgo’s business.

Global trade conditions and consumer trends that originated during the COVID-19 pandemic continue to persist and have created significant disruptions to the global supply chain, which may impact EVgo’s ability to obtain charging equipment and other supplies necessary for EVgo’s business on a timely basis and at anticipated costs. Additionally, a global shortage of semiconductors has been reported since early 2021 and has caused challenges in the manufacturing industry and impacted the EV supply chain as well. Any continued or new supply chain disruptions, or shortages in the availability of charging equipment from EVgo’s suppliers, could adversely affect EVgo’s business and operating results.

In addition, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine could lead to disruption, instability and volatility in global markets and industries that could negatively impact EVgo’s supply chain. The U.S. government and other governments have already imposed severe sanctions and export controls against Russia and Russian interests and may yet impose additional sanctions and controls. The impact of these measures, as well as potential responses to them by Russia, is currently unknown and could adversely affect EVgo’s supply chain, which, in turn, could affect EVgo’s business and operating results.

If EVgo is unable to attract and retain key employees and hire qualified management, technical, engineering, financial, legal, sales, marketing and business development personnel, EVgo’s ability to compete and successfully grow EVgo’s business and customer base would be harmed.

EVgo’s success depends, in part, on EVgo’s continuing ability to identify, hire, attract, train and develop and retain highly qualified personnel. The inability to do so effectively would adversely affect EVgo’s business. Competition for employees can be intense and the ability to attract, hire and retain them depends on EVgo’s ability to provide meaningful work at competitive compensation. EVgo may not be able to attract, assimilate, develop or retain qualified personnel in the future, and failure to do so would adversely affect EVgo’s business, including the execution of EVgo’s growth business strategy.

EVgo may need to raise additional funds and these funds may not be available when needed or may be available only on unfavorable terms.

EVgo may need to raise additional capital in the future to further scale EVgo’s business and expand EVgo’s charging network. EVgo may raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-related or debt securities, through obtaining credit from government or financial institutions or through grant funding. EVgo cannot be certain that additional funds or incentives will be available on favorable terms when required, or at all, or that EVgo will be able to capture expected grant funding under various existing and new state and local programs in the future. If EVgo cannot raise additional funds when needed, EVgo’s financial condition, results of operations, business and prospects could be

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materially and adversely affected. If EVgo raises funds through the issuance of debt securities or through loan arrangements, the terms of which could require significant interest payments, contain covenants that restrict EVgo’s business, or other unfavorable terms. In addition, to the extent EVgo raises funds through the sale of additional equity securities, EVgo’s stockholders would experience additional dilution.

Many of EVgo’s facilities are located in active earthquake zones or in areas susceptible to hurricanes, wildfires and other severe weather events, which would be impacted by the effects of climate change. An earthquake, a wildfire, a major hurricane or other types of disasters or resource shortages, including public safety power shut-offs that have occurred and will continue to occur in California or other states, could disrupt and harm EVgo’s operations and those of EVgo’s customers.

Many of EVgo’s facilities are located in California, an active earthquake zone, and Florida and Texas, areas susceptible to hurricanes. The occurrence of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, hurricane, drought, flood, fire (such as the recent extensive wildfires in California, Oregon and Colorado), localized extended outages of critical utilities (as seen in California and Texas) or transportation systems, or any critical resource shortages could cause a significant interruption in EVgo’s business, damage or destroy EVgo’s facilities or inventory, and cause the Company to incur significant costs, any of which could harm EVgo’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. Climate change may also result in various physical risks, such as the increased frequency or intensity of extreme weather events or changes in meteorological and hydrological patterns that could adversely impact EVgo’s business. Such physical risks may result in damage to EVgo’s facilities or otherwise adversely impact operations. The insurance EVgo maintains against fires, earthquakes, hurricanes and other disasters and damage may not be adequate to cover losses in any particular case.

In addition, rolling public safety power shut offs in California or other states can affect throughput and/or user acceptance of EVs, as charging may be unavailable at the desired times, or at all during these events. These shut offs could also affect the ability of fleet operators to charge their EVs, which, for example, could adversely affect transportation schedules or any service level agreements to which either EVgo or the fleet operator may be a party. If these events persist, the demand for EVs could decline, which would result in reduced demand for charging.

Further, severe natural disasters could affect vendors’ data centers in a temporal or longer-term fashion which would adversely affect EVgo’s ability to operate EVgo’s network.

EVgo’s charging stations are often located in areas that are publicly accessible and may be exposed to vandalism or misuse by customers or other individuals, which would increase EVgo’s replacement and maintenance costs.

EVgo’s public chargers may also be exposed to vandalism or misuse by customers and other individuals, increasing wear and tear of the charging equipment. Such increased wear and tear could shorten the usable lifespan of the chargers and require the Company to increase EVgo’s spending on replacement and maintenance costs.

EVgo is dependent upon the availability of electricity at EVgo’s current and future charging stations. Cost increases, delays and/or other restrictions on the availability of electricity would adversely affect EVgo’s business and results of EVgo’s operations.

The operation and development of EVgo’s charging stations is dependent upon the availability of electricity, which is beyond EVgo’s control. EVgo’s charging stations are affected by problems accessing electricity sources, such as planned or unplanned power outages. In recent years, shortages of electricity have resulted in increased costs to users and interruptions in service. In particular, California has experienced rolling blackouts due to excessive demands on the electrical grid or as precautionary measures against the risk of wildfire. Similarly, in 2021, Texas experienced failures in its electrical grid due to severe weather. In the event of a power outage, EVgo will be dependent on the utility company, and in some cases the Site Host, to restore power. Any prolonged power outage could adversely affect customer experience and EVgo’s business and results of operations.

Changes in utility electricity pricing or new and restrictive constructs from regulations applicable to pricing may adversely impact future operating results. For example, some jurisdictions have required the Company to switch from pricing on a per-minute basis to a per-kWh basis, and other jurisdictions may follow suit. Utility rates may change in a way that adversely affects fast charging or in a way that may limit EVgo’s ability to access certain beneficial rate schedules.

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In addition, utilities or other regulated entities with monopoly power may receive authority to provide charging services that result in an anti-competitive advantage relative to the Company and other private sector operators.

Some of EVgo’s business objectives are dependent upon the purchase of renewable energy certificates and an increase in the cost of such certificates may adversely impact EVgo’s business and results of operations.

As part of EVgo’s business strategy, EVgo markets the electricity provided from EVgo’s charging stations as 100% renewable. Therefore, EVgo purchases various RECs in order to qualify the electricity EVgo distributes through charging stations as renewable. Several states have passed renewable energy portfolio standards, which set a minimum percentage of energy that must be generated from renewable sources. These standards may require utilities or load serving entities to acquire RECs annually in order to demonstrate their compliance. Other regulations may also impact the supply of, and demand for, such RECs. While higher renewable energy portfolio standards may also increase the amount of renewable energy available, EVgo cannot predict the impact such regulations may have on the price or availability of RECs. If EVgo is unable to purchase a sufficient amount of RECs, EVgo may be unable to achieve this objective, which may negatively impact EVgo’s reputation in the marketplace. If the cost of RECs increases, EVgo may be unable to fully pass the higher cost of RECs through to EVgo’s customers and increases in the price of RECs may decrease EVgo’s results of operations.

EVgo’s success depends on EVgo’s ability to develop and maintain relationships with automotive OEM and fleet partners.

The success of EVgo’s business depends on EVgo’s ability to develop and maintain relationships with OEMs, such as GM, Nissan, Tesla and others. These relationships help the Company access new customers and build brand awareness through co-marketing. EVgo may also benefit from promotional programs sponsored by OEMs, such as prepaid charging credits. In some cases, EVgo’s OEM partners have agreed to fund capital expenditures related to the build out of EVgo’s charger network. For example, GM is providing payments for performance obligations that will help fund the accelerated build-out of 3,250 charger stalls for EVgo’s fast charger network over five years. If EVgo fails to maintain or develop relationships with OEMs, or if OEMs opt to partner with competitors rather than the Company, EVgo’s revenues may decline and EVgo’s business may suffer.

There can be no certainty that EVgo will be able to identify and contract with suitable additional OEM and fleet partners. To the extent EVgo identifies such partners, EVgo will need to negotiate the terms of a commercial agreement with such partners. There can be no assurance that EVgo will be able to negotiate commercially attractive terms with additional OEM and fleet partners, if at all. EVgo may also be limited in negotiating future commercial agreements by the provisions of EVgo’s existing contracts such as “most-favored nations” clauses. For example, EVgo’s contracts with GM and Nissan prohibit the Company from entering into agreements for similar programs on terms more favorable than the terms afforded to GM and Nissan under their respective agreements for a limited period of time. See Part I, Item 1, “Business — Customers, Partnerships and Strategic Relationships.”

In addition, EVgo may be unable to maintain successful relationships with EVgo’s OEM and fleet partners. Some of EVgo’s existing agreements require the Company to meet specified performance criteria. If EVgo fails to meet such criteria, the agreements could be terminated and EVgo may be obligated to pay significant penalties or other damages. If an agreement is terminated, any support payments pursuant to the contract would cease. Finally, if OEMs observe the Company failing to meet EVgo’s specified performance criteria, EVgo’s reputation may be damaged and it may become more difficult for the Company to establish new partnerships with OEMs.

EVgo’s revenue growth will depend in significant part on EVgo’s ability to increase sales of EVgo’s products and services to fleet operators, including medium- and heavy-duty vehicle fleets and rideshare operators. The electrification of fleets is an emerging market, and fleet operators may not adopt EVs on a widespread basis, operate on the timelines EVgo anticipates or rely on public and/or private fast charging and EVgo’s network. In addition to the factors affecting the growth of the EV market generally, transitioning to an EV fleet can be costly and capital intensive, which could result in slower than anticipated adoption. The sales cycle could also be longer for sales to fleet operators with formal procurement processes. Fleet operators may also require significant additional services and support, and if EVgo is unable to provide

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such services and support, it may adversely affect EVgo’s ability to attract additional fleet operators as customers. Any failure to attract and retain fleet operators as customers in the future would adversely affect EVgo’s business and results of operations.

If EVgo fails to offer high-quality support to Site Host sites and drivers or fails to maintain high charger availability and strong user experience, EVgo’s business and reputation will suffer.

Once EVgo’s charging stations are installed, Site Host sites and drivers will rely on the Company to provide maintenance services to resolve any issues that might arise in the future. Rapid and high-quality customer and equipment support is important so drivers can receive reliable charging for their EVs. The importance of high-quality customer and equipment support will increase as EVgo seeks to expand EVgo’s business and pursue new customers and geographies. If EVgo does not quickly resolve issues and provide effective support, EVgo’s ability to retain customers or sell additional products and services to existing customers could suffer and EVgo’s brand and reputation could be harmed.

Computer malware, viruses, ransomware, hacking, phishing attacks and other network disruptions could result in security and privacy breaches, loss of proprietary information and interruption in service, which would harm EVgo’s business.

Computer malware, viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions could lead to interruption and delays in EVgo’s services and operations and loss, misuse or theft of data. Computer malware, viruses, ransomware, hacking, phishing attacks or denial-of-service attacks, against online networks have become more prevalent and may occur on EVgo’s systems. Any attempts to disrupt EVgo’s services or systems could harm EVgo’s business, introduce liability to data subjects, result in the misappropriation of funds, be expensive to remedy, result in fines, penalties or other liabilities and damage EVgo’s reputation or brand. Insurance may not be sufficient to cover significant expenses and losses related to cyber-attacks and similar disruptions. Even with the security measures implemented by the Company, such as managed security services that are designed to detect and protect against cyber-attacks and similar disruptions, and any additional measures EVgo may implement or adopt in the future, EVgo’s facilities and systems, and those of EVgo’s third-party service providers, could be vulnerable to security breaches, computer viruses, lost or misplaced data, programming errors, scams, burglary, human errors, acts of vandalism, or other events. Efforts to prevent cyberattacks and similar disruptions are expensive to implement and, as the regulatory framework for data privacy and security worldwide continues to evolve and develop, EVgo may incur additional significant costs to comply with new or existing laws, regulations and other obligations, and EVgo may not be able to cause the implementation or enforcement of such preventions or compliance with such laws and regulations with respect to EVgo’s third-party vendors. Though it is difficult to determine what, if any, harm may directly result from any specific interruption or attack, an inability to maintain performance, reliability, security and availability of systems and technical infrastructure may, in addition to other losses, harm EVgo’s reputation, brand and ability to attract customers.

EVgo has previously experienced, and may in the future experience, service disruptions, outages and other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, third-party service providers, human or software errors and capacity constraints. EVgo relies on data carrier networks to support reliable operation, management and maintenance of EVgo’s charger network, charging session management, driver authentication, and payment processing, all of which depend on reliable connections with wireless communications networks. As a result, EVgo’s operations depend on a handful of public carriers and are exposed to disruptions related to network outages and other communications issues on the carrier networks. See “— Risks Related to EVgo’s Technology, Intellectual Property and Infrastructure — Interruptions, delays in service, communications outages or inability to increase capacity at third-party data center facilities could impair the use or functionality of EVgo’s subscription services, harm EVgo’s business and subject the Company to liability.” If EVgo’s services are unavailable when users attempt to access them, they may seek other services, which could reduce demand for EVgo’s solutions from customers.

There are several factors ranging from human error to data corruption that could materially impact the efficacy of any processes and procedures designed to enable the Company to recover from a disaster or catastrophe, including by lengthening the time services are partially or fully unavailable to customers and users. It may be difficult or impossible to perform some or all recovery steps and continue normal business operations due to the nature of a particular cyber-attack, disaster or catastrophe or other disruption, especially during peak periods, which could cause additional reputational damages, or loss of revenues, any of which would adversely affect EVgo’s business and financial results.

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Growing EVgo’s customer base depends upon the effective operation of EVgo’s mobile applications with mobile operating systems, networks and standards that EVgo does not control.

EVgo is dependent on the interoperability of EVgo’s mobile applications with popular mobile operating systems that EVgo does not control, such as Google’s Android and Apple’s iOS, and any changes in such systems that degrade EVgo’s products’ functionality or give preferential treatment to competitive products could adversely affect the usage of EVgo’s applications on mobile devices. Additionally, in order to deliver high quality mobile products, it is important that EVgo’s products work well with a range of mobile technologies, systems, networks and standards that EVgo does not control. EVgo may not be successful in developing relationships with key participants in the mobile industry or in developing products that operate effectively with these technologies, systems, networks or standards.

In addition, a significant portion of EVgo’s software platform depends on EVgo’s partnership with Driivz, an EV charging management platform. If for any reason Driivz is unable to effectively support EVgo’s software platform, EVgo’s business could be adversely impacted. Furthermore, if for any reason EVgo is no longer able to maintain that partnership, EVgo may face a material challenge in efficiently migrating EVgo’s software offering to a new partner.

EVgo is subject to risks associated with integrating the Recargo acquisition and should EVgo pursue additional acquisitions in the future, EVgo would be subject to risks associated with completing and integrating such acquisitions.

On July 9, 2021, EVgo acquired Recargo for $25 million in cash, including repayment of $3 million of indebtedness. Recargo is an EV cloud-based data solution provider formed in 2009 and focused on EV app development, market research, data licensing, reporting and advertising. EVgo continues to be subject to risks with fully integrating the Recargo personnel as well as the technology platforms acquired.

EVgo may acquire additional assets, products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to EVgo’s existing business and strategic direction. The process of identifying and consummating acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets and businesses into EVgo’s own business and operations would require attention from management and could result in a diversion of resources from EVgo’s existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on EVgo’s operations. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the expected financial results. Acquisitions could also result in the use of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, the occurrence of goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant. Failure to successfully identify, complete, manage and integrate acquisitions could materially and adversely affect EVgo’s business, financial conditions and results of operations.

Risks Related to the EV Market

Changes to fuel economy standards or the success of alternative fuels may negatively impact the EV market and thus the demand for EVgo’s products and services.

Regulatory initiatives that required an increase in the mileage capabilities of cars and consumption of renewable transportation fuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, have helped increase consumer acceptance of EVs and other alternative vehicles. However, the EV fueling model is different from gasoline and other fuel models, requiring behavior changes and education of businesses, consumers, regulatory bodies, local utilities, and other stakeholders. Further developments in, and improvements in affordability of, alternative technologies, such as renewable diesel, biodiesel, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells or compressed natural gas, proliferation of hybrid powertrains involving such alternative fuels, or improvements in the fuel economy of ICE vehicles, whether as the result of regulation or otherwise, may materially and adversely affect demand for EVs and EV charging stations in some market verticals. Regulatory bodies may also adopt rules that substantially favor certain alternatives to petroleum-based propulsion over others, which may not necessarily be EVs. Local jurisdictions may also impose restrictions on urban driving due to congestion, which may prioritize and accelerate micromobility trends and slow EV adoption growth. Finally, the currently paused litigation between the state of California and the NHTSA could impact California’s ability to set fuel economy standards that encourage the adoption of EVs, which are followed by many other states, should the Biden Administration not substantially modify NHTSA and the EPA’s current rules on preemption in its pending reconsideration of these rules. If any of the above cause or contribute to automakers reducing the availability

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of EV models or cause or contribute to consumers or businesses no longer purchasing EVs or purchase fewer of them, it would materially and adversely affect EVgo’s business, operating results, financial condition and prospects.

The rideshare and commercial fleets may not electrify as quickly as expected and may not rely on public fast charging or on EVgo’s network as much as expected. Future demand for or availability of battery EVs from the medium- and heavy-duty vehicle segment may not develop as anticipated or take longer to develop than expected.

The EV market is in the early stages of development and the medium- and heavy-duty vehicle segments, often particularly exposed to economic cycles, may not electrify as expected. The medium- and heavy-duty vehicle fleets that lend themselves well to electrification via EV powertrains are often linked to municipal and commercial budgets and may take longer to electrify as a result of budget or business constraints and administrative approvals. The mix of zero and low emission powertrains in certain vehicle classes and use cases in the medium- and heavy-duty sector may evolve less favorably for EV solutions due to future development of technologies and policy incentives that may favor existing diesel fuel, hybrid, natural gas or hydrogen fuel cell drivetrains. Medium- and heavy-duty vehicle OEMs may choose not to or may not be able to manufacture EVs in sufficient quantities or at all.

EVgo derives a substantial portion of EVgo’s revenue from the sale of regulatory credits. There are a number of factors beyond EVgo’s control that could have a material adverse effect on EVgo’s ability to generate such revenue.

In connection with the production, delivery, placement into service and ongoing operation of charging stations, EVgo earns and expects to continue to earn various tradable regulatory credits, in particular California’s LCFS credits. EVgo currently participates in California’s LCFS, Oregon’s LCFS, and California’s FCI programs. EVgo sells these credits, and expect to continue to sell future credits, to entities that generate deficits under the LCFS programs and are obligated to purchase the credits and use them to offset their deficits or emissions, primarily petroleum refiners and marketers, and other entities that can use the credits to comply with the program requirements. However, there is no guarantee that such credits will continue to be available for sale at prices forecasted by the Company, or that regulatory restrictions would not be imposed on the proceeds from the sale of such credits in the future. See “— The EV market currently benefits from the availability of rebates, tax credits and other financial incentives from governments, utilities and others to offset the purchase or operating cost of EVs and EV charging stations. The reduction, modification or elimination of such benefits could adversely affect EVgo’s financial results.” For example, LCFS credit pricing may fluctuate and may come under pressure if clean fuels, possibly including EVs, achieve a higher-than-expected market penetration. Further, EVgo may not be able to market all LCFS credits, may have to sell LCFS credits at below projected prices or may not be able to sell LCFS credits at all. In addition, LCFS program rules may be revised in the future in ways that disadvantage certain types of clean fuels, including charging electricity used in EVs, or may not be extended further. The related FCI program provides incentives to owners of EV fast chargers put in place in 2019 and after and is designed to compensate for low utilization in the near term. However, there is no guarantee that the FCI program will not be terminated or amended or that the LCFS credits under the FCI program will continue to be available for sale.

EVgo’s inability to generate revenue from the sale of regulatory credits could have a materially adverse effect on EVgo’s future financial results.

The EV market currently benefits from the availability of rebates, tax credits and other financial incentives from governments, utilities and others to offset the purchase or operating cost of EVs and EV charging stations. The reduction, modification or elimination of such benefits could adversely affect EVgo’s financial results.

The U.S. Federal government and some state and local governments provide incentives to end users and purchasers of EVs and EV charging stations in the form of rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives, such as payments for regulatory credits. The EV market relies on these governmental rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives to significantly lower the effective price of EVs and EV charging stations. However, these incentives may expire on a particular date, end when the allocated funding is exhausted, or be reduced or terminated as a matter of regulatory or legislative policy. In particular, EVgo has benefitted from the availability of Federal tax credits under Section 30C of the Code, which effectively subsidize the cost of placing in service EVgo’s charging stations. The credits under Section 30C of the Code expired on December 31, 2021 and thus are not available going forward for EV charging stations placed in service after such date unless such credits are extended retroactively. Current legislation proposals include an extension of the credits under Section 30C of the Code as of and after December 31, 2021; however, there can be no assurance that the

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credits under Section 30C of the Code will be extended, or if extended, that such extension will be effective retroactively or that the credits will not be otherwise reduced. Any reduction in rebates, tax credits or other financial incentives, including the credit under Section 30C of the Code, could negatively affect the EV market and adversely impact EVgo’s business operations and expansion potential. In addition, there is no assurance EVgo will have the necessary tax attributes to utilize any such credits that are available and may not be able to monetize them given the nascent state of the market for such credits or be able to monetize such credits on favorable terms. New tariffs and policies that could incentivize overbuilding of infrastructure may also have a negative impact on the economics of EVgo’s stations. Furthermore, new tariffs and policy incentives could be put in place by the Biden Administration that favor equipment manufactured by or assembled at American factories, which may put EVgo’s fast charging equipment vendors at a competitive disadvantage, including by increasing the cost or delaying the availability of charging equipment, by challenging or eliminating EVgo’s ability to apply or qualify for grants and other government incentives, or by disqualifying the Company from the ability to compete for certain charging infrastructure buildout solicitations and programs, including those initiated by Federal government agencies.

As noted above, EVgo also derives revenue from the sale of regulatory credits and expect that such revenue will increase as a percentage of total revenue over time. If the availability of these credits declines or the terms of the credits are modified, EVgo’s ability to generate this revenue in the future could be adversely affected. For example, in November 2021, the California Energy Commission approved a $1.4 billion dollar plan under the Clean Transportation Program for zero-emissions infrastructure, including incentives for EV charging infrastructure. However, California has also announced a goal for all in-state sales of new passenger cars and trucks to be zero-emission by 2035. To the extent California or other jurisdictions choose to adopt regulatory mandates instead of establishing or continuing renewable energy credit regimes for EV infrastructure, EVgo’s revenue from these credits could be adversely impacted. Similarly, new Federal legislation, such as the Infrastructure Investments and Jobs Act signed into law in November 2021 and the proposed Build Back Better bill, contemplates increased support for climate initiatives, including, in some instances, EVs and EV charging infrastructure; however, it is unclear whether any version of the Build Back Better bill will be enacted, and if enacted, what incentives will be included in the final version, and EVgo cannot predict what form all such incentives may take at this time. If EVgo is not eligible for grants or other incentives under such programs, while EVgo’s competitors are, it may adversely affect EVgo’s competitiveness or results of operation.

Risks Related to EVgo’s Technology, Intellectual Property and Infrastructure

EVgo may need to defend against intellectual property infringement or misappropriation claims, which may be time-consuming and expensive, and EVgo’s business could be adversely affected.

From time to time, the holders of intellectual property rights may assert their rights and urge the Company to take licenses, and/or may bring suits alleging infringement or misappropriation of such rights. There can be no assurance that EVgo will be able to mitigate the risk of potential suits or other legal demands by competitors or other third parties. Accordingly, EVgo may consider entering into licensing agreements with respect to such rights, although no assurance can be given that such licenses can be obtained on acceptable terms or that litigation will not occur, and such licenses and associated litigation could significantly increase EVgo’s operating expenses. In addition, if EVgo is determined to have or believe there is a high likelihood that EVgo has infringed upon or misappropriated a third party’s intellectual property rights, EVgo may be required to cease making, selling or incorporating certain key components or intellectual property into the products and services EVgo offers, to pay substantial damages and/or royalties, to redesign EVgo’s products and services, and/or to establish and maintain alternative branding. In addition, to the extent that EVgo’s customers and business partners become the subject of any allegation or claim regarding the infringement or misappropriation of intellectual property rights related to EVgo’s products and services, EVgo may be required to indemnify such customers and business partners. The scope of these indemnity obligations varies, but may, in some instances, include indemnification for damages and expenses, including attorneys’ fees. Even if EVgo is not a party to any litigation between a customer or business partner and a third party relating to infringement by EVgo’s products, an adverse outcome in any such litigation could make it more difficult for the Company to defend EVgo’s products against intellectual property infringement claims in any subsequent litigation in which EVgo is a named party. If EVgo were required to take one or more such actions, EVgo’s business, prospects, brand, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in substantial costs, negative publicity, reputational harm and diversion of resources and management attention.

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EVgo’s business may be adversely affected if EVgo is unable to protect its technology and intellectual property from unauthorized use by third parties.

EVgo’s success depends, at least in part, on EVgo’s ability to protect EVgo’s core technology and intellectual property. To accomplish this, EVgo relies on, and plan to continue relying on, a combination of trade secrets (including know-how), employee and third-party nondisclosure agreements, copyrights, trademarks, intellectual property licenses and other contractual rights to retain ownership of, and protect, EVgo’s technology. As of December 31, 2021, EVgo held 16 patents and had 14 additional patent applications both in the United States and abroad. Failure to adequately protect EVgo’s technology and intellectual property could result in competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of some of EVgo’s competitive advantage and a decrease in revenue which would adversely affect EVgo’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The measures EVgo takes to protect EVgo’s technology and intellectual property from unauthorized use by others may not be effective for various reasons, including the following:

Intellectual property and trade secret laws vary significantly throughout the world. Some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. Further, policing the unauthorized use of EVgo’s intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions may be costly, difficult or even impossible. Therefore, EVgo’s intellectual property rights may not be as strong or as easily enforced outside of the United States.

Any issued patent which may result from the pending patent application may come to be considered “standards essential.” If this is the case, EVgo may be required to license certain technology on “fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory” terms, decreasing revenue. Further, competitors, vendors, or customers may, in certain instances, be free to create variations or derivative works of EVgo’s technology and intellectual property, and those derivative works may become directly competitive with EVgo’s offerings. Finally, EVgo may not be able to leverage, or obtain ownership of, all technology and intellectual property developed by EVgo’s vendors in connection with design and manufacture of EVgo’s products, thereby jeopardizing EVgo’s ability to obtain a competitive advantage over EVgo’s competitors.

The current lack of industry standards may lead to uncertainty, additional competition and further unexpected costs.

The EV industry is new and evolving as are the standards governing EV charging which have not had the benefit of time-tested use cases. These immature industry standards could result in future incompatibilities and issues that could require significant resources and or time to remedy. Utilities and other large market participants also mandate their own adoption of specifications that have not become widely adopted in the industry and may hinder innovation or slow new product or new feature introduction.

In addition, automobile manufacturers, such as Tesla, may choose to develop and promulgate their own proprietary charging standards and systems, which could lock out competition for EV charging stations, or to use their size and market position to influence the market, which could limit EVgo’s market and reach to customers, negatively impacting EVgo’s business.

Further, should regulatory bodies later impose a standard that is not compatible with EVgo’s infrastructure or products, EVgo may incur significant costs to adapt EVgo’s business model to the new regulatory standard, which may require

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significant time and expense and, as a result, may have a material adverse effect on EVgo’s revenues or results of operations.

EVgo’s technology could have undetected defects, errors or bugs in hardware or software which could reduce market adoption, damage EVgo’s reputation with current or prospective customers, and/or expose the Company to product liability and other claims that could materially and adversely affect EVgo’s business.

EVgo may be subject to claims that charging stations have malfunctioned and persons were injured or purported to be injured due to latent defects. Any insurance that EVgo carries may not be sufficient or it may not apply to all situations. Similarly, to the extent that such malfunctions are related to components obtained from third-party vendors, such vendors may not assume responsibility for such malfunctions. Any of these events could adversely affect EVgo’s brand, reputation, operating results or financial condition.

EVgo’s software platform is complex and includes a number of licensed third-party commercial and open-source software libraries. EVgo’s software may contain latent defects or errors that may be difficult to detect and remediate. EVgo is continuing to evolve the features and functionality of EVgo’s platform through updates and enhancements, and as EVgo does so, EVgo may introduce additional defects or errors that may not be detected until after deployment to customers. In addition, if EVgo’s products and services, including any updates or patches, are not implemented or used correctly or as intended, inadequate performance and disruptions in service may result.

Any defects or errors in product or services offerings, or the perception of such defects or errors, or other performance problems could result in any of the following, each of which could adversely affect EVgo’s business and results of operations:

● loss of existing or potential customers or partners;

● interruptions or delays in sales;

● equipment replacements;

● delayed or lost revenue;

● delay or failure to attain market acceptance;

● delay in the development or release of new functionality or improvements;

● negative publicity and reputational harm;

● sales credits or refunds;

● exposure of confidential or proprietary information;

● diversion of development and customer service resources;

● breach of warranty claims;

● legal claims under applicable laws, rules and regulations; and

● the expense and risk of litigation.

EVgo also faces the risk that any contractual protections EVgo seeks to include in EVgo’s agreements with customers are rejected, not implemented uniformly or may not fully or effectively protect from claims by customers, resellers, business partners or other third parties. In addition, any insurance coverage or indemnification obligations of suppliers for EVgo’s benefit may not adequately cover all such claims or cover only a portion of such claims. A successful product liability, warranty, or other similar claim could have an adverse effect on EVgo’s business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, even claims that ultimately are unsuccessful could result in expenditure of funds in litigation, divert management’s time and other resources and cause reputational harm.

Interruptions, delays in service, communications outages or inability to increase capacity at third-party data center facilities could impair the use or functionality of EVgo’s subscription services, harm EVgo’s business and subject the Company to liability.

EVgo currently serves customers from third-party data center facilities operated by Amazon Web Services and Google, as well as others. All EVgo’s services are housed in third-party data centers operated in the United States, and

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EVgo employs geographically distributed, redundant back-up data centers for all services. Any outage or failure of such data centers could negatively affect EVgo’s product connectivity and performance. EVgo’s primary environments are operated by Google and Amazon, and any interruptions of these primary and backup data centers could negatively affect EVgo’s product connectivity and performance. Furthermore, EVgo depends on connectivity from EVgo’s charging stations to EVgo’s data centers through cellular service and virtual private networking providers, such as AT&T and Verizon. Any incident affecting a data center facility’s or cellular and/or virtual private networking services provider’s infrastructure or operations, whether caused by fire, flood, storm, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failures, breach of security protocols, computer viruses and disabling devices, failure of access control mechanisms, natural disasters, war, criminal act, military actions, terrorist attacks and other similar events could negatively affect the use, functionality or availability of EVgo’s services.

Any damage to, or failure of, EVgo’s systems, or those of EVgo’s third-party providers, could interrupt or hinder the use or functionality of EVgo’s services. Impairment of or interruptions in EVgo’s services may reduce revenue, subject the Company to claims and litigation, cause customers to terminate their subscriptions, and adversely affect renewal rates and EVgo’s ability to attract new customers. EVgo’s business will also be harmed if customers and potential customers believe EVgo’s products and services are unreliable.

The EV charging market is characterized by rapid technological change, which requires the Company to continue to develop new products and product innovations. Any delays in such development could adversely affect market adoption of EVgo’s products and financial results.

Continuing technological changes in battery and other EV technologies could adversely affect adoption of current EV charging technology, continuing and increasing reliance on EV charging infrastructure and/or the use of EVgo’s products and services. EVgo’s future success will depend in part upon EVgo’s ability to develop and introduce a variety of new capabilities and innovations to EVgo’s existing product offerings, as well as introduce a variety of new product offerings to address the changing needs of the EV charging market.

As EV technologies change, EVgo may need to upgrade or adapt EVgo’s charging station technology and introduce new products and services in order to serve vehicles that have the latest technology, in particular battery technology, which could involve substantial costs. Even if EVgo is able to keep pace with changes in technology and develop new products and services, EVgo’s research and development expenses could increase, EVgo’s gross margins could be adversely affected in some periods and EVgo’s prior products could become obsolete more quickly than expected.

EVgo cannot guarantee that any new products will be released in a timely manner, or at all, or achieve market acceptance. Delays in delivering new products that meet customer requirements could damage EVgo’s relationships with customers and lead them to seek alternative products or services. Delays in introducing products and innovations or the failure to offer innovative products or services at competitive prices may cause existing and potential customers to use EVgo’s competitors’ products or services.

If EVgo is unable to devote adequate resources to develop products or cannot otherwise successfully develop products or services that meet customer requirements on a timely basis or that remain competitive with technological alternatives, EVgo’s products and services could lose market share, EVgo’s revenue will decline, EVgo may experience higher operating losses and EVgo’s business and prospects will be adversely affected.

EVgo expects to incur research and development costs and devote significant resources to developing new products, which could significantly reduce EVgo’s profitability and may never result in revenue to the Company.

EVgo’s future growth depends on penetrating new markets, adapting existing products to new applications and customer requirements, and introducing new products that achieve market acceptance. EVgo plans to incur significant research and development costs in the future as part of EVgo’s efforts to design, develop, manufacture and introduce new products and enhance existing products. Further, EVgo’s research and development program may not produce successful results, and EVgo’s new products may not achieve market acceptance, create additional revenue or become profitable.

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EVgo may be unable to leverage customer data in all geographic locations, and this limitation may impact research and development operations.

EVgo relies on data collected through charging stations or EVgo’s mobile application. EVgo uses this data in connection with the research, development and analysis of EVgo’s technologies, creating and delivering value-add customer services, and in assessing future charger locations as well as charging station capacities. EVgo’s inability to obtain necessary rights to use this data for the stations that EVgo does not own or freely transfer this data could result in delays or otherwise negatively impact EVgo’s research and development and expansion efforts and limit EVgo’s ability to derive revenues from value-add customer services. For instance, consumer privacy regulations may limit EVgo’s ability to make intelligent, data driven business decisions, conduct microtargeting marketing strategy or provide microtargeting-based offerings to EV drivers.

Financial, Tax and Accounting-Related Risks

EVgo’s financial condition and results of operations are likely to fluctuate on a quarterly basis in future periods, which could cause EVgo’s results for a particular period to fall below expectations, resulting in a decline in the price of EVgo’s common stock.

EVgo’s financial condition and results of operations have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond EVgo’s control.

In addition to the other risks described herein, the following factors could also cause EVgo’s financial condition and results of operations to fluctuate on a quarterly basis:

● the timing and volume of new sales;

● the timing of new charger installations and new product rollouts;

● supply chain interruptions and manufacturing or delivery delays;

● the length of the installation cycle for a particular location or market;

● the timing of recognition of any cash received from OEM partners as revenue;

● seasonal fluctuations in driving patterns.

Fluctuations in operating results and cash flow could, among other things, give rise to short-term liquidity issues. In addition, revenue, and other operating results may fall short of the expectations of investors and financial analysts, which could have an adverse effect on the price of the common stock.

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EVGO US Equity

EVGO · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1. Business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

EVGO US Equity☆

EVGO · 10-K · period ended 2021-12-31

Item 1. Business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

EVGO US Equity